1
|
Giacomini G, Piquet S, Chevallier O, Dabin J, Bai SK, Kim B, Siddaway R, Raught B, Coyaud E, Shan CM, Reid RJD, Toda T, Rothstein R, Barra V, Wilhelm T, Hamadat S, Bertin C, Crane A, Dubois F, Forne I, Imhof A, Bandopadhayay P, Beroukhim R, Naim V, Jia S, Hawkins C, Rondinelli B, Polo SE. Aberrant DNA repair reveals a vulnerability in histone H3.3-mutant brain tumors. Nucleic Acids Res 2024; 52:2372-2388. [PMID: 38214234 PMCID: PMC10954481 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad1257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Pediatric high-grade gliomas (pHGG) are devastating and incurable brain tumors with recurrent mutations in histone H3.3. These mutations promote oncogenesis by dysregulating gene expression through alterations of histone modifications. We identify aberrant DNA repair as an independent mechanism, which fosters genome instability in H3.3 mutant pHGG, and opens new therapeutic options. The two most frequent H3.3 mutations in pHGG, K27M and G34R, drive aberrant repair of replication-associated damage by non-homologous end joining (NHEJ). Aberrant NHEJ is mediated by the DNA repair enzyme polynucleotide kinase 3'-phosphatase (PNKP), which shows increased association with mutant H3.3 at damaged replication forks. PNKP sustains the proliferation of cells bearing H3.3 mutations, thus conferring a molecular vulnerability, specific to mutant cells, with potential for therapeutic targeting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Giacomini
- Epigenetics & Cell Fate Centre, CNRS/Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Sandra Piquet
- Epigenetics & Cell Fate Centre, CNRS/Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Odile Chevallier
- Epigenetics & Cell Fate Centre, CNRS/Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Juliette Dabin
- Epigenetics & Cell Fate Centre, CNRS/Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Siau-Kun Bai
- Epigenetics & Cell Fate Centre, CNRS/Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Byungjin Kim
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Robert Siddaway
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Brian Raught
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON M5G1L7, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Etienne Coyaud
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON M5G1L7, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1192 - Protéomique Réponse Inflammatoire Spectrométrie de Masse - PRISM, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Chun-Min Shan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Robert J D Reid
- Department of Genetics & Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Takenori Toda
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Rodney Rothstein
- Department of Genetics & Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Viviana Barra
- CNRS UMR9019 Genome Integrity and Cancers, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Therese Wilhelm
- CNRS UMR9019 Genome Integrity and Cancers, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Sabah Hamadat
- CNRS UMR9019 Genome Integrity and Cancers, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Chloé Bertin
- CNRS UMR9019 Genome Integrity and Cancers, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Alexander Crane
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, USA
| | - Frank Dubois
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, USA
| | - Ignasi Forne
- Protein Analysis Unit, BioMedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Axel Imhof
- Protein Analysis Unit, BioMedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Pratiti Bandopadhayay
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, USA
| | - Rameen Beroukhim
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, USA
| | - Valeria Naim
- CNRS UMR9019 Genome Integrity and Cancers, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Songtao Jia
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Cynthia Hawkins
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Sophie E Polo
- Epigenetics & Cell Fate Centre, CNRS/Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Abstract
Chromatin integrity is key for cell homeostasis and for preventing pathological development. Alterations in core chromatin components, histone proteins, recently came into the spotlight through the discovery of their driving role in cancer. Building on these findings, in this review, we discuss how histone variants and their associated chaperones safeguard genome stability and protect against tumorigenesis. Accumulating evidence supports the contribution of histone variants and their chaperones to the maintenance of chromosomal integrity and to various steps of the DNA damage response, including damaged chromatin dynamics, DNA damage repair, and damage-dependent transcription regulation. We present our current knowledge on these topics and review recent advances in deciphering how alterations in histone variant sequence, expression, and deposition into chromatin fuel oncogenic transformation by impacting cell proliferation and cell fate transitions. We also highlight open questions and upcoming challenges in this rapidly growing field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sophie E. Polo
- Epigenetics & Cell Fate Centre, UMR7216 CNRS, Université de Paris, 75013 Paris, France; (J.F.); (B.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Rondinelli B, Rosano D, Antonini E, Frenquelli M, Montanini L, Huang D, Segalla S, Yoshihara K, Amin SB, Lazarevic D, The BT, Verhaak RGW, Futreal PA, Di Croce L, Chin L, Cittaro D, Tonon G. Histone demethylase JARID1C inactivation triggers genomic instability in sporadic renal cancer. J Clin Invest 2016; 126:4387. [PMID: 27801678 DOI: 10.1172/jci91191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
|
4
|
Kais Z, Rondinelli B, Holmes A, O'Leary C, Kozono D, D'Andrea AD, Ceccaldi R. FANCD2 Maintains Fork Stability in BRCA1/2-Deficient Tumors and Promotes Alternative End-Joining DNA Repair. Cell Rep 2016; 15:2488-99. [PMID: 27264184 PMCID: PMC4939765 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Revised: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BRCA1/2 proteins function in homologous recombination (HR)-mediated DNA repair and cooperate with Fanconi anemia (FA) proteins to maintain genomic integrity through replication fork stabilization. Loss of BRCA1/2 proteins results in DNA repair deficiency and replicative stress, leading to genomic instability and enhanced sensitivity to DNA-damaging agents. Recent studies have shown that BRCA1/2-deficient tumors upregulate Polθ-mediated alternative end-joining (alt-EJ) repair as a survival mechanism. Whether other mechanisms maintain genomic integrity upon loss of BRCA1/2 proteins is currently unknown. Here we show that BRCA1/2-deficient tumors also upregulate FANCD2 activity. FANCD2 is required for fork protection and fork restart in BRCA1/2-deficient tumors. Moreover, FANCD2 promotes Polθ recruitment at sites of damage and alt-EJ repair. Finally, loss of FANCD2 in BRCA1/2-deficient tumors enhances cell death. These results reveal a synthetic lethal relationship between FANCD2 and BRCA1/2, and they identify FANCD2 as a central player orchestrating DNA repair pathway choice at the replication fork.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeina Kais
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Beatrice Rondinelli
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Amie Holmes
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Colin O'Leary
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - David Kozono
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Alan D D'Andrea
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Center for DNA Damage and Repair, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
| | - Raphael Ceccaldi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Rondinelli B, Rosano D, Antonini E, Frenquelli M, Montanini L, Huang D, Segalla S, Yoshihara K, Amin SB, Lazarevic D, The BT, Verhaak RGW, Futreal PA, Di Croce L, Chin L, Cittaro D, Tonon G. Histone demethylase JARID1C inactivation triggers genomic instability in sporadic renal cancer. J Clin Invest 2015; 125:4625-37. [PMID: 26551685 DOI: 10.1172/jci81040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in genes encoding chromatin-remodeling proteins are often identified in a variety of cancers. For example, the histone demethylase JARID1C is frequently inactivated in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC); however, it is largely unknown how JARID1C dysfunction promotes cancer. Here, we determined that JARID1C binds broadly to chromatin domains characterized by the trimethylation of lysine 9 (H3K9me3), which is a histone mark enriched in heterochromatin. Moreover, we found that JARID1C localizes on heterochromatin, is required for heterochromatin replication, and forms a complex with established players of heterochromatin assembly, including SUV39H1 and HP1α, as well as with proteins not previously associated with heterochromatin assembly, such as the cullin 4 (CUL4) complex adaptor protein DDB1. Transcription on heterochromatin is tightly suppressed to safeguard the genome, and in ccRCC cells, JARID1C inactivation led to the unrestrained expression of heterochromatic noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) that in turn triggered genomic instability. Moreover, ccRCC patients harboring JARID1C mutations exhibited aberrant ncRNA expression and increased genomic rearrangements compared with ccRCC patients with tumors endowed with other genetic lesions. Together, these data suggest that inactivation of JARID1C in renal cancer leads to heterochromatin disruption, genomic rearrangement, and aggressive ccRCCs. Moreover, our results shed light on a mechanism that underlies genomic instability in sporadic cancers.
Collapse
|
6
|
Ceccaldi R, Rondinelli B, D'Andrea AD. Repair Pathway Choices and Consequences at the Double-Strand Break. Trends Cell Biol 2015; 26:52-64. [PMID: 26437586 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2015.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 941] [Impact Index Per Article: 104.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Revised: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are cytotoxic lesions that threaten genomic integrity. Failure to repair a DSB has deleterious consequences, including genomic instability and cell death. Indeed, misrepair of DSBs can lead to inappropriate end-joining events, which commonly underlie oncogenic transformation due to chromosomal translocations. Typically, cells employ two main mechanisms to repair DSBs: homologous recombination (HR) and classical nonhomologous end joining (C-NHEJ). In addition, alternative error-prone DSB repair pathways, namely alternative end joining (alt-EJ) and single-strand annealing (SSA), have been recently shown to operate in many different conditions and to contribute to genome rearrangements and oncogenic transformation. Here, we review the mechanisms regulating DSB repair pathway choice, together with the potential interconnections between HR and the annealing-dependent error-prone DSB repair pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Ceccaldi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Beatrice Rondinelli
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Alan D D'Andrea
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Weltert L, Rondinelli B, Bello R, Falco M, Bellisario A, Maselli D, Turani F, De Paulis R, Pierelli L. A single dose of erythropoietin reduces perioperative transfusions in cardiac surgery: results of a prospective single-blind randomized controlled trial. Transfusion 2015; 55:1644-54. [DOI: 10.1111/trf.13027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Revised: 12/21/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ricardo Bello
- Montefiore-Einstein Heart Center; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Bronx New York
| | - Mauro Falco
- Anaesthesiology Department; European Hospital
| | | | | | | | | | - Luca Pierelli
- Transfusion Medicine Department; San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital; Rome Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine; Sapienza University; Rome Italy
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Rondinelli B, Schwerer H, Antonini E, Gaviraghi M, Lupi A, Frenquelli M, Cittaro D, Segalla S, Lemaitre JM, Tonon G. H3K4me3 demethylation by the histone demethylase KDM5C/JARID1C promotes DNA replication origin firing. Nucleic Acids Res 2015; 43:2560-74. [PMID: 25712104 PMCID: PMC4357704 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkv090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA replication is a tightly regulated process that initiates from multiple replication origins and leads to the faithful transmission of the genetic material. For proper DNA replication, the chromatin surrounding origins needs to be remodeled. However, remarkably little is known on which epigenetic changes are required to allow the firing of replication origins. Here, we show that the histone demethylase KDM5C/JARID1C is required for proper DNA replication at early origins. JARID1C dictates the assembly of the pre-initiation complex, driving the binding to chromatin of the pre-initiation proteins CDC45 and PCNA, through the demethylation of the histone mark H3K4me3. Fork activation and histone H4 acetylation, additional early events involved in DNA replication, are not affected by JARID1C downregulation. All together, these data point to a prominent role for JARID1C in a specific phase of DNA replication in mammalian cells, through its demethylase activity on H3K4me3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Rondinelli
- Functional Genomics of Cancer Unit, Division of Experimental Oncology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy Molecular Medicine PhD Program, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Hélène Schwerer
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Genome Plasticity in Development and Aging, Institute of Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapies, INSERM U1183, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
| | - Elena Antonini
- Functional Genomics of Cancer Unit, Division of Experimental Oncology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Gaviraghi
- Functional Genomics of Cancer Unit, Division of Experimental Oncology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy Molecular Medicine PhD Program, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessio Lupi
- Functional Genomics of Cancer Unit, Division of Experimental Oncology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy Molecular Medicine PhD Program, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Michela Frenquelli
- Functional Genomics of Cancer Unit, Division of Experimental Oncology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Cittaro
- Centre for Translational Genomics and Bioinformatics, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Segalla
- Functional Genomics of Cancer Unit, Division of Experimental Oncology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Jean-Marc Lemaitre
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Genome Plasticity in Development and Aging, Institute of Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapies, INSERM U1183, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
| | - Giovanni Tonon
- Functional Genomics of Cancer Unit, Division of Experimental Oncology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Montefusco E, Lo Coco F, Burgio VL, Rondinelli B, Di Giorgio G, Mancini M, Diverio D, Andriani A, Avvisati G, Alimena G. Occurrence of a Ki-1-positive anaplastic large-cell lymphoma in a patient with Ph' positive chronic myelogenous leukemia successfully treated by alpha-interferon. Leukemia 1993; 7:1896-9. [PMID: 8231259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
We describe a patient with Philadelphia-chromosome-positive (Ph' +) chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), who developed an anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) with T-phenotype, after 43 months successful treatment with alpha-interferon (IFN). Characterization studies of lymphoma cells showed positivity for Ki-1 monoclonal antibody, T-cell surface markers, T-cell receptor beta chain rearrangement, and germline configuration of the BCR gene. At the time of lymphoma diagnosis, the patient had achieved complete hematologic remission from CML with partial karyotypic conversion (50% Ph' + cells). After twelve weekly courses of polychemotherapy, he obtained complete remission from lymphoma. At present, five years from CML diagnosis, the patient has a remarkably stable disease, being in remission from lymphoma and in well controlled CML chronic phase. Our case thus represents the first well documented description of a T-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma developed during the course of CML.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- Humans
- Interferon alpha-2
- Interferon-alpha/therapeutic use
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/therapy
- Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic/drug therapy
- Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic/pathology
- Lymphoma, T-Cell/drug therapy
- Lymphoma, T-Cell/pathology
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasms, Second Primary
- Recombinant Proteins
- Remission Induction
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Montefusco
- Department of Human Biopathology, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Montefusco E, Mauro FR, Lo Coco F, Rondinelli B, Arcese W, Tabilio A, Monarca B, Alimena G, Mandelli F. Long-term remission of T-lymphoid extramedullary blast crisis of chronic myelogenous leukemia following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Haematologica 1990; 75:391-3. [PMID: 2276682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Extramedullary blast crisis (EBC) with T-lymphoid phenotype has been reported rarely and generally associated with extremely poor prognosis. We describe a case of T-lymphoid EBC in which long-lasting remission was observed following intensive chemotherapy and allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Characterization of bone marrow (BM) and lymph node (LN) cells was performed by means of morpho-cytochemical, cytogenetic, immunophenotypic and molecular analyses. These showed, together with a marrow picture consistent with typical Ph'+ chronic myelogenous leukemia, the expansion of an early T-lymphoid (CD7+/TdT+) LN cell population exhibiting the same bcr rearranged pattern and an additional Ph' chromosome. At the present time, 33 months after BMT, the patient is alive and well, with persistent clinical, hematological, cytogenetic and molecular evidence of complete remission.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adult
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- Biomarkers, Tumor
- Blast Crisis/drug therapy
- Blast Crisis/surgery
- Bone Marrow Transplantation
- Combined Modality Therapy
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/pathology
- Leukemia, Prolymphocytic, T-Cell/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Prolymphocytic, T-Cell/pathology
- Lymph Nodes/pathology
- Male
- Remission Induction
- Transplantation, Homologous
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Montefusco
- Dipartimento di Biopatologia Umana, Università La Sapienza, Roma, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|