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Gallardo-Alfaro L, Lorente-Montalvo P, Cañellas M, Carandell E, Oliver A, Rojo E, Riera B, Llobera J, Bulilete O. Diagnostic accuracy of Panbio™ rapid antigen test for SARS-CoV-2 in paediatric population. BMC Pediatr 2023; 23:433. [PMID: 37644389 PMCID: PMC10463935 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-023-04201-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rapid antigen-detection tests (Ag-RDTs) are used to diagnose SARS-CoV-2 infection. Real-world studies of Ag-RDTs are necessary to evaluate their diagnostic yield in paediatric patients. Our aim was to evaluate the accuracy of the Panbio™ Rapid Antigen Test for SARS-CoV-2 in the setting of a primary health care centre (PHC), with use of the Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) as gold standard. METHODS This prospective diagnostic study was conducted at PHCs in Mallorca, Spain. Patients were ≤ 18 years-old that attended sites for RT-PCR testing due to symptoms suggestive of infection (fever, headache, nasal congestion and dry cough, among others) or epidemiological exposure (close contacts). Two samples were collected: a nasal mid-turbinate sample for Ag-RDTs and a nasopharyngeal swab for RT-PCR testing. The sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values of the AgRDT were calculated using the RT-PCR results as the reference. RESULTS We examined 1142 participants from 0 to 18 years (47.5% female, mean age 8.9 ± 4.8 years, median 9.0 [5.0-13.0]). There were 84 positive RT-PCR results (pre-test probability of 7.3%) and 52 positive Ag-RDT results. The sensitivity of the Ag-RDT was 59.5% (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 48.2-69.9%), the specificity was 99.8% (95%CI: 99.2-99.9%), the positive predictive value was 96.1% (95%CI: 85.6-99.4%), and the negative predictive value was 96.8% (95%CI: 95.6-97.7%). The sensitivity for individuals referred by a general practitioner (GP) or paediatrician due to symptoms was 71.4% (95%CI: 51.5-86.0%) and for asymptomatic individuals was 50.0% (95%CI: 9.1-90.8%). The specificity was greater than 98.9% overall and in all subgroups. The sensitivity was 73.0% (95%CI: 52.0-87.5%) for referred patients due to symptoms and who were tested within 5 days since symptom onset. No significant statistical differences between any groups were found. There were 34 false-negative Ag-RDT results (40.5%) and 2 false-positive Ag-RDT results (0.2%). CONCLUSION The sensitivity of the Panbio™ Test in paediatric individuals is below the minimum of 80% recommended by the World Health Organization for Ag-RDTs. This test had better accuracy in individuals referred by a GP or paediatrician due to symptoms, rather than those who were asymptomatic or referred due to epidemiological exposure. The RT-PCR test using a nasopharyngeal swab is accurate, but a less invasive alternative that has better sensitivity than the Panbio™ Test is needed for paediatric populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Gallardo-Alfaro
- Primary Health Care Research Unit, Balearic Public Health Service (Ib-Salut), Escola Graduada n9, 07002, Palma, Illes Balears, Spain
- Balearic Islands Health Research Institute (IdISBa), Carretera de Valldemossa, 79, 07120, Palma, Illes Balears, Spain
- RICAPPS- Red de Investigación Cooperativa de Atención Primaria Y Promoción de La Salud - Carlos III Health Institute (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Lorente-Montalvo
- Primary Health Care Research Unit, Balearic Public Health Service (Ib-Salut), Escola Graduada n9, 07002, Palma, Illes Balears, Spain.
- RICAPPS- Red de Investigación Cooperativa de Atención Primaria Y Promoción de La Salud - Carlos III Health Institute (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.
- Santa Ponça Primary Health Care Center, Balearic Public Health Service (Ib-Salut), Carrer del Riu Síl, 25, 07180, Santa Ponça, Illes Balears, Spain.
| | - Margarita Cañellas
- Son Llatzer University Hospital, Ctra. de Manacor, 07198, Palma, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - Eugenia Carandell
- Balearic Islands Health Research Institute (IdISBa), Carretera de Valldemossa, 79, 07120, Palma, Illes Balears, Spain
- RICAPPS- Red de Investigación Cooperativa de Atención Primaria Y Promoción de La Salud - Carlos III Health Institute (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Directorate of General Health Service, Balearic Public Health Service (Ib-Salut), Reina Esclaramunda n9, 07005, Palma, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - Antonio Oliver
- Balearic Islands Health Research Institute (IdISBa), Carretera de Valldemossa, 79, 07120, Palma, Illes Balears, Spain
- Microbiology Service, Son Espases University Hospital, Balearic Public Health Service (Ib-Salut), Carretera de Valldemossa, 79, 07120, Palma, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - Estrella Rojo
- Balearic Islands Health Research Institute (IdISBa), Carretera de Valldemossa, 79, 07120, Palma, Illes Balears, Spain
- Microbiology Service, Son Espases University Hospital, Balearic Public Health Service (Ib-Salut), Carretera de Valldemossa, 79, 07120, Palma, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - Beatriz Riera
- Son Llatzer University Hospital, Ctra. de Manacor, 07198, Palma, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - Joan Llobera
- Primary Health Care Research Unit, Balearic Public Health Service (Ib-Salut), Escola Graduada n9, 07002, Palma, Illes Balears, Spain
- Balearic Islands Health Research Institute (IdISBa), Carretera de Valldemossa, 79, 07120, Palma, Illes Balears, Spain
- RICAPPS- Red de Investigación Cooperativa de Atención Primaria Y Promoción de La Salud - Carlos III Health Institute (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Oana Bulilete
- Primary Health Care Research Unit, Balearic Public Health Service (Ib-Salut), Escola Graduada n9, 07002, Palma, Illes Balears, Spain
- Balearic Islands Health Research Institute (IdISBa), Carretera de Valldemossa, 79, 07120, Palma, Illes Balears, Spain
- RICAPPS- Red de Investigación Cooperativa de Atención Primaria Y Promoción de La Salud - Carlos III Health Institute (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
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Riera B, Maze C, Debernard S, Philippot A, Galaup M, Panzoli D, Renard D, Pettinelli B, Eynard B. Hybridization of automation practical courses. IFAC-PapersOnLine 2022; 55:115-120. [PMID: 38620756 PMCID: PMC9536761 DOI: 10.1016/j.ifacol.2022.09.266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Since 2020, the Covid-19 pandemic has led universities around the world to hybridize courses (i.e., replacement of classroom time by online activities), most often as a matter of urgency. The difficulty of hybridization depends on the kind of course (lectures, tutorials, practical works) and the type of course (mathematics, chemistry, engineering, informatics…). ET-LIOS is a 2 year project started in November 2020, led by the GIS S.mart (scientific interest French grouping for Industry 4.0) and 14 French universities. The objective is to propose solutions and resources to hybridize higher education courses dedicated to the Industry of the Future. In this paper, firstly, we present the problems to be solved to hybridize practical works. One of the challenges is to carry out solutions which can be used easily and adapted by all partners of the ET-LIOS. Secondly, for combinatorial logic practical work, we propose to use simulation softwares (HOME I/O and CONNECT I/O) installed on the students' computer, conjointly with customizable SCORM (Sharable Content Object Reference Model) packages which can be integrated in existing learning platforms of course management (LMS) like Moodle. This SCORM package enables students to test and to get feedback of their proposed solutions. The approach has been tested with Bachelor students in a combinatorial logic practical work. First results are very encouraging.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Riera
- University of Reims Champagne Ardenne, CReSTIC, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Moulin de la Housse, BP 1039, 51687 Reims, France
| | - C Maze
- Jean-François Champollion National University Institute for Teaching and Research, SGRL, Pl. de Verdun, 81000 Albi, France
| | - S Debernard
- Univ. Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, LAMIH, CNRS, UMR 8201, F-59313 Valenciennes, France
| | - A Philippot
- University of Reims Champagne Ardenne, CReSTIC, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Moulin de la Housse, BP 1039, 51687 Reims, France
| | - M Galaup
- Jean-François Champollion National University Institute for Teaching and Research, SGRL, Pl. de Verdun, 81000 Albi, France
| | - D Panzoli
- Jean-François Champollion National University Institute for Teaching and Research, SGRL, Pl. de Verdun, 81000 Albi, France
| | - D Renard
- University of Reims Champagne Ardenne, CReSTIC, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Moulin de la Housse, BP 1039, 51687 Reims, France
| | - B Pettinelli
- University of Reims Champagne Ardenne, CReSTIC, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Moulin de la Housse, BP 1039, 51687 Reims, France
| | - B Eynard
- Université de Technologie de Compiègne, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Roberval Institute, CS 60319, F.60203 Compiègne Cedex, France
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Vincens A, Dubois MA, Guillet B, Achoundong G, Buchet G, Riera B. Pollen-rain-vegetation relationships along a forest-savanna transect in southeastern Cameroon. Rev Palaeobot Palynol 2000; 110:191-208. [PMID: 10930605 DOI: 10.1016/s0034-6667(00)00009-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Modern soil and litter samples from southeastern Cameroon, collected along a continuous forest-savanna transect were analysed for pollen content to define modern pollen-vegetation relationships. The pollen results, completed and compared with botanical inventories, leaf area index and basal area measurements performed in the same area, clearly registered the physiognomy, the main floristic composition and floral richness of the two sampled ecosystems. Distortions were observed between sampled vegetations and their pollen rain, related to important differences in pollen production and dispersal of plant species: this is a general feature in many tropical regions. The pollen data in the area studied reflected well the recent transgression of forest versus savanna. This permitted us to define inside the forest ecosystem more successional vegetation communities than the botanical surveys allowed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Vincens
- CEREGE, CNRS, BP 80, 13545 cedex 04, Aix-en-Provence, France
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