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Mrđenović D, Combes BF, Ni R, Zenobi R, Kumar N. Probing Chemical Complexity of Amyloid Plaques in Alzheimer's Disease Mice using Hyperspectral Raman Imaging. ACS Chem Neurosci 2024; 15:78-85. [PMID: 38096362 PMCID: PMC10767745 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024] Open
Abstract
One of the distinctive pathological features of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the deposition of amyloid plaques within the brain of affected individuals. These plaques have traditionally been investigated using labeling techniques such as immunohistochemical imaging. However, the use of labeling can disrupt the structural integrity of the molecules being analyzed. Hence, it is imperative to employ label-free imaging methods for noninvasive examination of amyloid deposits in their native form, thereby providing more relevant information pertaining to AD. This study presents compelling evidence that label-free and nondestructive confocal Raman imaging is a highly effective approach for the identification and chemical characterization of amyloid plaques within cortical regions of an arcAβ mouse model of AD. Furthermore, this investigation elucidates how the spatial correlation of Raman signals can be exploited to identify robust Raman marker bands and discern proteins and lipids from amyloid plaques. Finally, this study uncovers the existence of distinct types of amyloid plaques in the arcAβ mouse brain, exhibiting significant disparities in terms of not only shape and size but also molecular composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dušan Mrđenović
- Department
of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH
Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1−5/10, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin F. Combes
- Institute
for Regenerative Medicine, University of
Zürich, Wagistrasse
12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Ruiqing Ni
- Institute
for Regenerative Medicine, University of
Zürich, Wagistrasse
12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- Institute
for Biomedical Engineering, University of
Zurich and ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 27, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Renato Zenobi
- Department
of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH
Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1−5/10, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Naresh Kumar
- Department
of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH
Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1−5/10, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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Straumann N, Combes BF, Dean Ben XL, Sternke-Hoffmann R, Gerez JA, Dias I, Chen Z, Watts B, Rostami I, Shi K, Rominger A, Baumann CR, Luo J, Noain D, Nitsch RM, Okamura N, Razansky D, Ni R. Visualizing alpha-synuclein and iron deposition in M83 mouse model of Parkinson's disease in vivo. bioRxiv 2023:2023.06.28.546962. [PMID: 37425954 PMCID: PMC10327184 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.28.546962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Background Abnormal alpha-synuclein and iron accumulation in the brain play an important role in Parkinson's disease (PD). Herein, we aim at visualizing alpha-synuclein inclusions and iron deposition in the brains of M83 (A53T) mouse models of PD in vivo. Methods Fluorescently labelled pyrimidoindole-derivative THK-565 was characterized by using recombinant fibrils and brains from 10-11 months old M83 mice, which subsequently underwent in vivo concurrent wide-field fluorescence and volumetric multispectral optoacoustic tomography (vMSOT) imaging. The in vivo results were verified against structural and susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 9.4 Tesla and scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) of perfused brains. Brain slice immunofluorescence and Prussian blue staining were further performed to validate the detection of alpha-synuclein inclusions and iron deposition in the brain, respectively. Results THK-565 showed increased fluorescence upon binding to recombinant alpha-synuclein fibrils and alpha-synuclein inclusions in post-mortem brain slices from patients with Parkinson's disease and M83 mice. i.v. administration of THK-565 in M83 mice showed higher cerebral retention at 20 and 40 minutes post-injection by wide-field fluorescence compared to non-transgenic littermate mice, in congruence with the vMSOT findings. SWI/phase images and Prussian blue indicated the accumulation of iron deposits in the brains of M83 mice, presumably in the Fe3+ form, as evinced by the STXM results. Conclusion We demonstrated in vivo mapping of alpha-synuclein by means of non-invasive epifluorescence and vMSOT imaging assisted with a targeted THK-565 label and SWI/STXM identification of iron deposits in M83 mouse brains ex vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadja Straumann
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin F. Combes
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Xose Luis Dean Ben
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, University of Zurich & ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Juan A. Gerez
- ETH Zurich, Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ines Dias
- Neurology Department, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Zhenyue Chen
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, University of Zurich & ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin Watts
- Photon Science Division, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Iman Rostami
- Microscopic Anatomy and Structural Biology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Kuangyu Shi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Axel Rominger
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Jinghui Luo
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Daniela Noain
- Neurology Department, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Roger M. Nitsch
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nobuyuki Okamura
- Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Daniel Razansky
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, University of Zurich & ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ruiqing Ni
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, University of Zurich & ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Girard SD, Julien-Gau I, Molino Y, Combes BF, Greetham L, Khrestchatisky M, Nivet E. High and low permeability of human pluripotent stem cell-derived blood-brain barrier models depend on epithelial or endothelial features. FASEB J 2023; 37:e22770. [PMID: 36688807 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202201422r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The search for reliable human blood-brain barrier (BBB) models represents a challenge for the development/testing of strategies aiming to enhance brain delivery of drugs. Human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) have raised hopes in the development of predictive BBB models. Differentiating strategies are thus required to generate endothelial cells (ECs), a major component of the BBB. Several hiPSC-based protocols have reported the generation of in vitro models with significant differences in barrier properties. We studied in depth the properties of iPSCs byproducts from two protocols that have been established to yield these in vitro barrier models. Our analysis/study reveals that iPSCs derivatives endowed with EC features yield high permeability models while the cells that exhibit outstanding barrier properties show principally epithelial cell-like (EpC) features. We found that models containing EpC-like cells express tight junction proteins, transporters/efflux pumps and display a high functional tightness with very low permeability, which are features commonly shared between BBB and epithelial barriers. Our study demonstrates that hiPSC-based BBB models need extensive characterization beforehand and that a reliable human BBB model containing EC-like cells and displaying low permeability is still needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane D Girard
- Institute of NeuroPhysiopathology, INP, CNRS, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
- Faculty of Medicine, VECT-HORUS SAS, Marseille, France
| | | | - Yves Molino
- Faculty of Medicine, VECT-HORUS SAS, Marseille, France
| | | | - Louise Greetham
- Institute of NeuroPhysiopathology, INP, CNRS, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Michel Khrestchatisky
- Institute of NeuroPhysiopathology, INP, CNRS, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Emmanuel Nivet
- Institute of NeuroPhysiopathology, INP, CNRS, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
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