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Girard SD, Julien-Gau I, Molino Y, Combes BF, Greetham L, Khrestchatisky M, Nivet E. High and low permeability of human pluripotent stem cell-derived blood-brain barrier models depend on epithelial or endothelial features. FASEB J 2023; 37:e22770. [PMID: 36688807 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202201422r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The search for reliable human blood-brain barrier (BBB) models represents a challenge for the development/testing of strategies aiming to enhance brain delivery of drugs. Human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) have raised hopes in the development of predictive BBB models. Differentiating strategies are thus required to generate endothelial cells (ECs), a major component of the BBB. Several hiPSC-based protocols have reported the generation of in vitro models with significant differences in barrier properties. We studied in depth the properties of iPSCs byproducts from two protocols that have been established to yield these in vitro barrier models. Our analysis/study reveals that iPSCs derivatives endowed with EC features yield high permeability models while the cells that exhibit outstanding barrier properties show principally epithelial cell-like (EpC) features. We found that models containing EpC-like cells express tight junction proteins, transporters/efflux pumps and display a high functional tightness with very low permeability, which are features commonly shared between BBB and epithelial barriers. Our study demonstrates that hiPSC-based BBB models need extensive characterization beforehand and that a reliable human BBB model containing EC-like cells and displaying low permeability is still needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane D Girard
- Institute of NeuroPhysiopathology, INP, CNRS, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
- Faculty of Medicine, VECT-HORUS SAS, Marseille, France
| | | | - Yves Molino
- Faculty of Medicine, VECT-HORUS SAS, Marseille, France
| | | | - Louise Greetham
- Institute of NeuroPhysiopathology, INP, CNRS, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Michel Khrestchatisky
- Institute of NeuroPhysiopathology, INP, CNRS, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Emmanuel Nivet
- Institute of NeuroPhysiopathology, INP, CNRS, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
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Nivet E, Lo G, Nivot-Adamiak S, Guitteny MA, De Kerdanet M. Impact of OMNIPOD® on the quality of life of adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Arch Pediatr 2021; 29:21-26. [PMID: 34753634 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2021.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Several pediatric studies have demonstrated that therapy using a conventional insulin pump improves glycemic control and quality of life. At the beginning of this study, a new tubeless insulin pump, Omnipod®, had recently been marketed in France. OBJECTIVES Analyze the response of adolescents treated with multiple injections to the proposal to use this new medical device and compare both the quality of life and the glycemic control of adolescents according to their choice. MATERIAL AND METHODS This was a prospective, observational study of adolescents aged 10-17 years who had type 1 diabetes for more than 1 year, all treated with multi-injection insulin delivery according to a basal-bolus regimen. They were separated into three groups: group A choosing to use the Omnipod® system, group B taking the time to think before making a decision, and group C choosing to keep their multi-injection therapy. The three groups were compared according to their quality of life with validated tools and glycemic control. RESULTS Groups were formed with 30 (25%) patients in group A, 55 patients (45%) in group B, and 36 patients (30%) in group C. As to the WHO Well-Being Index, no significant difference appeared in the study for the patients in the three groups. An increased treatment satisfaction score was found, evolving from 3.79 ± 0.68 to 4.36 ± 0.56, p = 0.002 (group A) and from 3.87 ± 0.7 to 4.16 ± 0.7, p = 0.032 (group B), with no significant change for group C (from 4.39 ± 0.6 to 4.31 ± 0.62, p = 0.582). The wish to change treatment score improved for group A (from 4.14 ± 0.88 to 1.68 ± 0.9; p < 0.001) and group B (from 3.51 ± 1.05 to 1.84 ± 1; p < 0.001), with no significant change for group C (from 1.81 ± 0 0.98 to 1.61 ± 0.8; p = 0.432). There was no significant difference regarding HbA1c rates in the three groups. CONCLUSION There was no significant difference in quality-of-life scores between adolescents who chose to switch from multiple injection to the tubeless patch pump and those who retained multi-injection treatment, but increased satisfaction was observed in the former group.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Nivet
- Service endocrinologie pédiatrique, Assistante spécialiste, CHU Rennes, Hôpital Sud, 16 boulevard de Bulgarie, 35200 Rennes, France.
| | - G Lo
- PH endocrinologue et diabétologue pédiatrique, CH Libourne,70 Rue Réaux, 33500 Libourne, France
| | - S Nivot-Adamiak
- Service endocrinologie pédiatrique, PH endocrinologue et diabétologue pédiatrique, CHU Rennes, Hôpital Sud, 16 boulevard de Bulgarie, 35200 Rennes, France
| | - M-A Guitteny
- Service endocrinologie pédiatrique, PH endocrinologue et diabétologue pédiatrique, CHU Rennes, Hôpital Sud, 16 boulevard de Bulgarie, 35200 Rennes, France
| | - M De Kerdanet
- Service endocrinologie pédiatrique, PH endocrinologue et diabétologue pédiatrique, CHU Rennes, Hôpital Sud, 16 boulevard de Bulgarie, 35200 Rennes, France
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García-González L, Paumier JM, Louis L, Pilat D, Bernard A, Stephan D, Jullien N, Checler F, Nivet E, Khrestchatisky M, Baranger K, Rivera S. MT5-MMP controls APP and β-CTF/C99 metabolism through proteolytic-dependent and -independent mechanisms relevant for Alzheimer's disease. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21727. [PMID: 34117802 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100593r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We previously discovered the implication of membrane-type 5-matrix metalloproteinase (MT5-MMP) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. Here, we shed new light on pathogenic mechanisms by which MT5-MMP controls the processing of amyloid precursor protein (APP) and the fate of amyloid beta peptide (Aβ) as well as its precursor C99, and C83. We found in human embryonic kidney cells (HEK) carrying the APP Swedish familial mutation (HEKswe) that deleting the C-terminal non-catalytic domains of MT5-MMP hampered its ability to process APP and release the soluble 95 kDa form (sAPP95). Catalytically inactive MT5-MMP variants increased the levels of Aβ and promoted APP/C99 sorting in the endolysosomal system, likely through interactions of the proteinase C-terminal portion with C99. Most interestingly, the deletion of the C-terminal domain of MT5-MMP caused a strong degradation of C99 by the proteasome and prevented Aβ accumulation. These discoveries reveal new control of MT5-MMP over APP by proteolytic and non-proteolytic mechanisms driven by the C-terminal domains of the proteinase. The targeting of these non-catalytic domains of MT5-MMP could, therefore, provide new insights into the therapeutic regulation of APP-related pathology in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Laurence Louis
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, Marseille, France
| | - Dominika Pilat
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, Marseille, France
| | - Anne Bernard
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, Marseille, France
| | - Delphine Stephan
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, Marseille, France
| | - Nicolas Jullien
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, Marseille, France
| | | | - Emmanuel Nivet
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, Marseille, France
| | | | - Kévin Baranger
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, Marseille, France
| | - Santiago Rivera
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, Marseille, France
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Arnst N, Belio-Mairal P, García-González L, Arnaud L, Greetham L, Nivet E, Rivera S, Dityatev A. Deficiency in MT5-MMP Supports Branching of Human iPSCs-Derived Neurons and Reduces Expression of GLAST/S100 in iPSCs-Derived Astrocytes. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071705. [PMID: 34359875 PMCID: PMC8307207 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
For some time, it has been accepted that the β-site APP cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) and the γ-secretase are two main players in the amyloidogenic processing of the β-amyloid precursor protein (APP). Recently, the membrane-type 5 matrix metalloproteinase (MT5-MMP/MMP-24), mainly expressed in the nervous system, has been highlighted as a new key player in APP-processing, able to stimulate amyloidogenesis and also to generate a neurotoxic APP derivative. In addition, the loss of MT5-MMP has been demonstrated to abrogate pathological hallmarks in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), thus shedding light on MT5-MMP as an attractive new therapeutic target. However, a more comprehensive analysis of the role of MT5-MMP is necessary to evaluate how its targeting affects neurons and glia in pathological and physiological situations. In this study, leveraging on CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing strategy, we established cultures of human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC)-derived neurons and astrocytes to investigate the impact of MT5-MMP deficiency on their phenotypes. We found that MT5-MMP-deficient neurons exhibited an increased number of primary and secondary neurites, as compared to isogenic hiPSC-derived neurons. Moreover, MT5-MMP-deficient astrocytes displayed higher surface area and volume compared to control astrocytes. The MT5-MMP-deficient astrocytes also exhibited decreased GLAST and S100β expression. These findings provide novel insights into the physiological role of MT5-MMP in human neurons and astrocytes, suggesting that therapeutic strategies targeting MT5-MMP should be controlled for potential side effects on astrocytic physiology and neuronal morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Arnst
- Molecular Neuroplasticity, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (N.A.); (P.B.-M.)
| | - Pedro Belio-Mairal
- Molecular Neuroplasticity, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (N.A.); (P.B.-M.)
- Inst Neurophysiopathol, CNRS, INP, Aix Marseille Université, 13385 Marseille, France; (L.G.-G.); (L.A.); (L.G.); (E.N.); (S.R.)
| | - Laura García-González
- Inst Neurophysiopathol, CNRS, INP, Aix Marseille Université, 13385 Marseille, France; (L.G.-G.); (L.A.); (L.G.); (E.N.); (S.R.)
| | - Laurie Arnaud
- Inst Neurophysiopathol, CNRS, INP, Aix Marseille Université, 13385 Marseille, France; (L.G.-G.); (L.A.); (L.G.); (E.N.); (S.R.)
| | - Louise Greetham
- Inst Neurophysiopathol, CNRS, INP, Aix Marseille Université, 13385 Marseille, France; (L.G.-G.); (L.A.); (L.G.); (E.N.); (S.R.)
| | - Emmanuel Nivet
- Inst Neurophysiopathol, CNRS, INP, Aix Marseille Université, 13385 Marseille, France; (L.G.-G.); (L.A.); (L.G.); (E.N.); (S.R.)
| | - Santiago Rivera
- Inst Neurophysiopathol, CNRS, INP, Aix Marseille Université, 13385 Marseille, France; (L.G.-G.); (L.A.); (L.G.); (E.N.); (S.R.)
| | - Alexander Dityatev
- Molecular Neuroplasticity, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (N.A.); (P.B.-M.)
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-391-67-24526
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5
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Rontani P, Perche O, Greetham L, Jullien N, Gepner B, Féron F, Nivet E, Erard-Garcia M. Impaired expression of the COSMOC/MOCOS gene unit in ASD patient stem cells. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:1606-1618. [PMID: 32327736 PMCID: PMC8159765 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-020-0728-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are complex neurodevelopmental disorders with a very large number of risk loci detected in the genome. However, at best, each of them explains rare cases, the majority being idiopathic. Genomic data on ASD derive mostly from post-mortem brain analyses or cell lines derived from blood or patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCS). Therefore, the transcriptional and regulatory architecture of the nervous system, particularly during early developmental periods, remains highly incomplete. To access the critical disturbances that may have occurred during pregnancy or early childhood, we recently isolated stem cells from the nasal cavity of anesthetized patients diagnosed for ASD and compared them to stem cells from gender-matched control individuals without neuropsychiatric disorders. This allowed us to discover MOCOS, a non-mutated molybdenum cofactor sulfurase-coding gene that was under-expressed in the stem cells of most ASD patients of our cohort, disturbing redox homeostasis and synaptogenesis. We now report that a divergent transcription upstream of MOCOS generates an antisense long noncoding RNA, to which we coined the name COSMOC. Surprisingly, COSMOC is strongly under-expressed in all ASD patients of our cohort with the exception of a patient affected by Asperger syndrome. Knockdown studies indicate that loss of COSMOC reduces MOCOS expression, destabilizes lipid and energy metabolisms of stem cells, but also affects neuronal maturation and splicing of synaptic genes. Impaired expression of the COSMOC/MOCOS bidirectional unit might shed new lights on the origins of ASD that could be of importance for future translational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Rontani
- grid.5399.60000 0001 2176 4817Aix Marseille University, CNRS, INP, UMR 7051 Marseille, France
| | - Olivier Perche
- grid.112485.b0000 0001 0217 6921Orléans University, CNRS, INEM, UMR 7355 Orleans, France ,Department of Genetics, Regional Hospital, Orleans, France
| | - Louise Greetham
- grid.5399.60000 0001 2176 4817Aix Marseille University, CNRS, INP, UMR 7051 Marseille, France
| | - Nicolas Jullien
- grid.5399.60000 0001 2176 4817Aix Marseille University, CNRS, INP, UMR 7051 Marseille, France
| | - Bruno Gepner
- grid.5399.60000 0001 2176 4817Aix Marseille University, CNRS, INP, UMR 7051 Marseille, France
| | - François Féron
- grid.5399.60000 0001 2176 4817Aix Marseille University, CNRS, INP, UMR 7051 Marseille, France
| | - Emmanuel Nivet
- grid.5399.60000 0001 2176 4817Aix Marseille University, CNRS, INP, UMR 7051 Marseille, France
| | - Madeleine Erard-Garcia
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, INP, UMR 7051, Marseille, France. .,Orléans University, CNRS, INEM, UMR 7355, Orleans, France.
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6
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Kurian L, Sancho-Martinez I, Nivet E, Aguirre A, Moon K, Pendaries C, Volle-Challier C, Bono F, Herbert JM, Pulecio J, Xia Y, Li M, Montserrat N, Ruiz S, Dubova I, Rodriguez C, Denli AM, Boscolo FS, Thiagarajan RD, Gage FH, Loring JF, Laurent LC, Belmonte JCI. Author Correction: Conversion of human fibroblasts to angioblast-like progenitor cells. Nat Methods 2020; 17:353. [PMID: 32034376 DOI: 10.1038/s41592-020-0745-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leo Kurian
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Ignacio Sancho-Martinez
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Emmanuel Nivet
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Aitor Aguirre
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Krystal Moon
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Julian Pulecio
- Center of Regenerative Medicine in Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yun Xia
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Mo Li
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California, USA
| | | | - Sergio Ruiz
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Ilir Dubova
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Concepcion Rodriguez
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Ahmet M Denli
- Laboratory of Genetics, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Francesca S Boscolo
- Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.,Center for Regenerative Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.,Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Rathi D Thiagarajan
- Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.,Center for Regenerative Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.,Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Fred H Gage
- Laboratory of Genetics, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Jeanne F Loring
- Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.,Center for Regenerative Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Louise C Laurent
- Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.,Center for Regenerative Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.,Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Juan Carlos Izpisua Belmonte
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California, USA. .,Center of Regenerative Medicine in Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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7
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Lahlou H, Nivet E, Lopez-Juarez A, Fontbonne A, Assou S, Zine A. Enriched Differentiation of Human Otic Sensory Progenitor Cells Derived From Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Front Mol Neurosci 2018; 11:452. [PMID: 30618604 PMCID: PMC6306956 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related neurosensory deficit of the inner ear is mostly due to a loss of hair cells (HCs). Development of stem cell-based therapy requires a better understanding of factors and signals that drive stem cells into otic sensory progenitor cells (OSPCs) to replace lost HCs. Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) theoretically represent an unlimited supply for the generation of human OSPCs in vitro. In this study, we developed a monolayer-based differentiation system to generate an enriched population of OSPCs via a stepwise differentiation of hiPSCs. Gene and protein expression analyses revealed the efficient induction of a comprehensive panel of otic/placodal and late otic markers over the course of the differentiation. Furthermore, whole transcriptome analysis confirmed a developmental path of OSPC differentiation from hiPSCs. We found that modulation of WNT and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling combined with fibroblast growth factor 3 (FGF3) and FGF10 treatment over a 6-day period drives the expression of early otic/placodal markers followed by late otic sensory markers within 13 days, indicative of a differentiation into embryonic-like HCs. In summary, we report a rapid and efficient strategy to generate an enriched population of OSPCs from hiPSCs, thereby establishing the value of this approach for disease modeling and cell-based therapies of the inner ear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanae Lahlou
- LNIA, CNRS UMR 7260, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Emmanuel Nivet
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, INP UMR 7051, Marseille, France
| | | | - Arnaud Fontbonne
- LNIA, CNRS UMR 7260, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Said Assou
- IRMB, Université Montpellier, INSERM U1183, Montpellier, France
| | - Azel Zine
- LNIA, CNRS UMR 7260, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France.,Université Montpellier, UFR de Pharmacie, Montpellier, France
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Lahlou H, Lopez-Juarez A, Fontbonne A, Nivet E, Zine A. Modeling human early otic sensory cell development with induced pluripotent stem cells. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0198954. [PMID: 29902227 PMCID: PMC6002076 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The inner ear represents a promising system to develop cell-based therapies from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). In the developing ear, Notch signaling plays multiple roles in otic region specification and for cell fate determination. Optimizing hiPSC induction for the generation of appropriate numbers of otic progenitors and derivatives, such as hair cells, may provide an unlimited supply of cells for research and cell-based therapy. In this study, we used monolayer cultures, otic-inducing agents, Notch modulation, and marker expression to track early and otic sensory lineages during hiPSC differentiation. Otic/placodal progenitors were derived from hiPSC cultures in medium supplemented with FGF3/FGF10 for 13 days. These progenitor cells were then treated for 7 days with retinoic acid (RA) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) or a Notch inhibitor. The differentiated cultures were analyzed in parallel by qPCR and immunocytochemistry. After the 13 day induction, hiPSC-derived cells displayed an upregulated expression of a panel of otic/placodal markers. Strikingly, a subset of these induced progenitor cells displayed key-otic sensory markers, the percentage of which was increased in cultures under Notch inhibition as compared to RA/EGF-treated cultures. Our results show that modulating Notch pathway during in vitro differentiation of hiPSC-derived otic/placodal progenitors is a valuable strategy to promote the expression of human otic sensory lineage genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanae Lahlou
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, LNIA UMR 7260, Marseille, France
| | | | - Arnaud Fontbonne
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, LNIA UMR 7260, Marseille, France
| | - Emmanuel Nivet
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, NICN UMR 7259, Marseille, France
| | - Azel Zine
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, LNIA UMR 7260, Marseille, France
- Université de Montpellier, Faculté de Pharmacie, Montpellier, France
- * E-mail: ,
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10
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Féron F, Gepner B, Lacassagne E, Stephan D, Mesnage B, Blanchard MP, Boulanger N, Tardif C, Devèze A, Rousseau S, Suzuki K, Izpisua Belmonte JC, Khrestchatisky M, Nivet E, Erard-Garcia M. Olfactory stem cells reveal MOCOS as a new player in autism spectrum disorders. Mol Psychiatry 2016; 21:1215-24. [PMID: 26239292 PMCID: PMC4995547 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2015.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Revised: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
With an onset under the age of 3 years, autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are now understood as diseases arising from pre- and/or early postnatal brain developmental anomalies and/or early brain insults. To unveil the molecular mechanisms taking place during the misshaping of the developing brain, we chose to study cells that are representative of the very early stages of ontogenesis, namely stem cells. Here we report on MOlybdenum COfactor Sulfurase (MOCOS), an enzyme involved in purine metabolism, as a newly identified player in ASD. We found in adult nasal olfactory stem cells of 11 adults with ASD that MOCOS is downregulated in most of them when compared with 11 age- and gender-matched control adults without any neuropsychiatric disorders. Genetic approaches using in vivo and in vitro engineered models converge to indicate that altered expression of MOCOS results in neurotransmission and synaptic defects. Furthermore, we found that MOCOS misexpression induces increased oxidative-stress sensitivity. Our results demonstrate that altered MOCOS expression is likely to have an impact on neurodevelopment and neurotransmission, and may explain comorbid conditions, including gastrointestinal disorders. We anticipate our discovery to be a fresh starting point for the study on the roles of MOCOS in brain development and its functional implications in ASD clinical symptoms. Moreover, our study suggests the possible development of new diagnostic tests based on MOCOS expression, and paves the way for drug screening targeting MOCOS and/or the purine metabolism to ultimately develop novel treatments in ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Féron
- Inserm CBT 1409, Centre d'Investigations Cliniques en Biothérapie, Marseille, France,Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, NICN UMR 7259, Marseille, France,Faculty of Medicine, Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, NICN UMR 7259, 13344 Marseille, France. E-mail: or
| | - B Gepner
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, NICN UMR 7259, Marseille, France
| | - E Lacassagne
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, NICN UMR 7259, Marseille, France
| | - D Stephan
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, NICN UMR 7259, Marseille, France
| | - B Mesnage
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, NICN UMR 7259, Marseille, France
| | - M-P Blanchard
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, CRN2M UMR 6231, Marseille, France
| | - N Boulanger
- Aix Marseille Université, TAGC UMR 1090, Marseille, France
| | - C Tardif
- Aix Marseille Université, PsyCLE, EA 3273, Aix en Provence, France
| | - A Devèze
- AP-HM, Département ORL, Marseille, France
| | - S Rousseau
- AP-HM, Département Anesthésie, Marseille, France
| | - K Suzuki
- Gene Expression Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - J C Izpisua Belmonte
- Gene Expression Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - M Khrestchatisky
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, NICN UMR 7259, Marseille, France
| | - E Nivet
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, NICN UMR 7259, Marseille, France
| | - M Erard-Garcia
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, NICN UMR 7259, Marseille, France,Faculty of Medicine, Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, NICN UMR 7259, 13344 Marseille, France. E-mail: or
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11
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Sancho-Martinez I, Nivet E, Xia Y, Hishida T, Aguirre A, Ocampo A, Ma L, Morey R, Krause MN, Zembrzycki A, Ansorge O, Vazquez-Ferrer E, Dubova I, Reddy P, Lam D, Hishida Y, Wu MZ, Esteban CR, O'Leary D, Wahl GM, Verma IM, Laurent LC, Izpisua Belmonte JC. Establishment of human iPSC-based models for the study and targeting of glioma initiating cells. Nat Commun 2016; 7:10743. [PMID: 26899176 PMCID: PMC4764898 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms10743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma tumour-initiating cells (GTICs) can originate upon the transformation of neural progenitor cells (NPCs). Studies on GTICs have focused on primary tumours from which GTICs could be isolated and the use of human embryonic material. Recently, the somatic genomic landscape of human gliomas has been reported. RTK (receptor tyrosine kinase) and p53 signalling were found dysregulated in ∼90% and 86% of all primary tumours analysed, respectively. Here we report on the use of human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) for modelling gliomagenesis. Dysregulation of RTK and p53 signalling in hiPSC-derived NPCs (iNPCs) recapitulates GTIC properties in vitro. In vivo transplantation of transformed iNPCs leads to highly aggressive tumours containing undifferentiated stem cells and their differentiated derivatives. Metabolic modulation compromises GTIC viability. Last, screening of 101 anti-cancer compounds identifies three molecules specifically targeting transformed iNPCs and primary GTICs. Together, our results highlight the potential of hiPSCs for studying human tumourigenesis. Glioma can originate from the transformation of neural progenitor cells into glioma initiating cells. Here, the authors demonstrate the use of induced pluripotent stem cells as a suitable model for generating neural progenitor cells, which can be subsequently transformed to glioma initiating cells that are able to the generate human glioma-like tumours in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Sancho-Martinez
- Gene Expression Laboratory Belmonte, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Emmanuel Nivet
- Gene Expression Laboratory Belmonte, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Yun Xia
- Gene Expression Laboratory Belmonte, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Tomoaki Hishida
- Gene Expression Laboratory Belmonte, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Aitor Aguirre
- Gene Expression Laboratory Belmonte, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Alejandro Ocampo
- Gene Expression Laboratory Belmonte, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Li Ma
- Gene Expression Laboratory Belmonte, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.,Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM) Campus de los Jerónimos, N° 135 Guadalupe, Murcia 30107, Spain
| | - Robert Morey
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, 2880 Torrey Pines Scenic Drive, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Marie N Krause
- Gene Expression Laboratory Belmonte, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Andreas Zembrzycki
- Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Olaf Ansorge
- Department of Neuropathology, West Wing, Level 1, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Eric Vazquez-Ferrer
- Gene Expression Laboratory Belmonte, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Ilir Dubova
- Gene Expression Laboratory Belmonte, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.,Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM) Campus de los Jerónimos, N° 135 Guadalupe, Murcia 30107, Spain
| | - Pradeep Reddy
- Gene Expression Laboratory Belmonte, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - David Lam
- Gene Expression Laboratory Belmonte, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Yuriko Hishida
- Gene Expression Laboratory Belmonte, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Min-Zu Wu
- Gene Expression Laboratory Belmonte, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Concepcion Rodriguez Esteban
- Gene Expression Laboratory Belmonte, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Dennis O'Leary
- Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Geoffrey M Wahl
- Gene Expression Laboratory Wahl, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Inder M Verma
- Laboratory of Genetics, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Louise C Laurent
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, 2880 Torrey Pines Scenic Drive, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Juan Carlos Izpisua Belmonte
- Gene Expression Laboratory Belmonte, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
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12
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Pulecio J, Nivet E, Sancho-Martinez I, Vitaloni M, Guenechea G, Xia Y, Kurian L, Dubova I, Bueren J, Laricchia-Robbio L, Belmonte JCI. Conversion of human fibroblasts into monocyte-like progenitor cells. Stem Cells 2015; 32:2923-2938. [PMID: 25175072 DOI: 10.1002/stem.1800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Revised: 06/12/2014] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Reprogramming technologies have emerged as a promising approach for future regenerative medicine. Here, we report on the establishment of a novel methodology allowing for the conversion of human fibroblasts into hematopoietic progenitor-like cells with macrophage differentiation potential. SOX2 overexpression in human fibroblasts, a gene found to be upregulated during hematopoietic reconstitution in mice, induced the rapid appearance of CD34+ cells with a concomitant upregulation of mesoderm-related markers. Profiling of cord blood hematopoietic progenitor cell populations identified miR-125b as a factor facilitating commitment of SOX2-generated CD34+ cells to immature hematopoietic-like progenitor cells with grafting potential. Further differentiation toward the monocytic lineage resulted in the appearance of CD14+ cells with functional phagocytic capacity. In vivo transplantation of SOX2/miR-125b-generated CD34+ cells facilitated the maturation of the engrafted cells toward CD45+ cells and ultimately the monocytic/macrophage lineage. Altogether, our results indicate that strategies combining lineage conversion and further lineage specification by in vivo or in vitro approaches could help to circumvent long-standing obstacles for the reprogramming of human cells into hematopoietic cells with clinical potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Pulecio
- Center of Regenerative Medicine in Barcelona, Dr. Aiguader, 88, 08003 Barcelona
| | - Emmanuel Nivet
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA
| | - Ignacio Sancho-Martinez
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA
| | - Marianna Vitaloni
- Center of Regenerative Medicine in Barcelona, Dr. Aiguader, 88, 08003 Barcelona
| | - Guillermo Guenechea
- Hematopoiesis and Gene Therapy Division. Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT)/Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBER-ER). Madrid, Spain
| | - Yun Xia
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA
| | - Leo Kurian
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA
| | - Ilir Dubova
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA
| | - Juan Bueren
- Hematopoiesis and Gene Therapy Division. Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT)/Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBER-ER). Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Juan Carlos Izpisua Belmonte
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA
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13
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Kurian L, Aguirre A, Sancho-Martinez I, Benner C, Hishida T, Nguyen TB, Reddy P, Nivet E, Krause MN, Nelles DA, Esteban CR, Campistol JM, Yeo GW, Belmonte JCI. Identification of novel long noncoding RNAs underlying vertebrate cardiovascular development. Circulation 2015; 131:1278-1290. [PMID: 25739401 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.114.013303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as critical epigenetic regulators with important functions in development and disease. Here, we sought to identify and functionally characterize novel lncRNAs critical for vertebrate development. METHODS AND RESULTS By relying on human pluripotent stem cell differentiation models, we investigated lncRNAs differentially regulated at key steps during human cardiovascular development with a special focus on vascular endothelial cells. RNA sequencing led to the generation of large data sets that serve as a gene expression roadmap highlighting gene expression changes during human pluripotent cell differentiation. Stage-specific analyses led to the identification of 3 previously uncharacterized lncRNAs, TERMINATOR, ALIEN, and PUNISHER, specifically expressed in undifferentiated pluripotent stem cells, cardiovascular progenitors, and differentiated endothelial cells, respectively. Functional characterization, including localization studies, dynamic expression analyses, epigenetic modification monitoring, and knockdown experiments in lower vertebrates, as well as murine embryos and human cells, confirmed a critical role for each lncRNA specific for each analyzed developmental stage. CONCLUSIONS We have identified and functionally characterized 3 novel lncRNAs involved in vertebrate and human cardiovascular development, and we provide a comprehensive transcriptomic roadmap that sheds new light on the molecular mechanisms underlying human embryonic development, mesodermal commitment, and cardiovascular specification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leo Kurian
- Gene Expression Laboratory (L.K., A.A., I.S.-M., T.H., T.B.N., P.R., E.N., M.N.K., C.R.E., J.C.I.B.) and Integrative Genomics Core (C.B.), Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA; University of California San Diego, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Stem Cell Program, Institute for Genomic Medicine, Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla (L.K., T.B.N., D.A.N., G.W.Y.); and Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain (J.M.C.)
| | - Aitor Aguirre
- Gene Expression Laboratory (L.K., A.A., I.S.-M., T.H., T.B.N., P.R., E.N., M.N.K., C.R.E., J.C.I.B.) and Integrative Genomics Core (C.B.), Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA; University of California San Diego, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Stem Cell Program, Institute for Genomic Medicine, Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla (L.K., T.B.N., D.A.N., G.W.Y.); and Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain (J.M.C.)
| | - Ignacio Sancho-Martinez
- Gene Expression Laboratory (L.K., A.A., I.S.-M., T.H., T.B.N., P.R., E.N., M.N.K., C.R.E., J.C.I.B.) and Integrative Genomics Core (C.B.), Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA; University of California San Diego, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Stem Cell Program, Institute for Genomic Medicine, Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla (L.K., T.B.N., D.A.N., G.W.Y.); and Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain (J.M.C.)
| | - Christopher Benner
- Gene Expression Laboratory (L.K., A.A., I.S.-M., T.H., T.B.N., P.R., E.N., M.N.K., C.R.E., J.C.I.B.) and Integrative Genomics Core (C.B.), Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA; University of California San Diego, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Stem Cell Program, Institute for Genomic Medicine, Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla (L.K., T.B.N., D.A.N., G.W.Y.); and Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain (J.M.C.)
| | - Tomoaki Hishida
- Gene Expression Laboratory (L.K., A.A., I.S.-M., T.H., T.B.N., P.R., E.N., M.N.K., C.R.E., J.C.I.B.) and Integrative Genomics Core (C.B.), Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA; University of California San Diego, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Stem Cell Program, Institute for Genomic Medicine, Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla (L.K., T.B.N., D.A.N., G.W.Y.); and Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain (J.M.C.)
| | - Thai B Nguyen
- Gene Expression Laboratory (L.K., A.A., I.S.-M., T.H., T.B.N., P.R., E.N., M.N.K., C.R.E., J.C.I.B.) and Integrative Genomics Core (C.B.), Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA; University of California San Diego, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Stem Cell Program, Institute for Genomic Medicine, Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla (L.K., T.B.N., D.A.N., G.W.Y.); and Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain (J.M.C.)
| | - Pradeep Reddy
- Gene Expression Laboratory (L.K., A.A., I.S.-M., T.H., T.B.N., P.R., E.N., M.N.K., C.R.E., J.C.I.B.) and Integrative Genomics Core (C.B.), Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA; University of California San Diego, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Stem Cell Program, Institute for Genomic Medicine, Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla (L.K., T.B.N., D.A.N., G.W.Y.); and Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain (J.M.C.)
| | - Emmanuel Nivet
- Gene Expression Laboratory (L.K., A.A., I.S.-M., T.H., T.B.N., P.R., E.N., M.N.K., C.R.E., J.C.I.B.) and Integrative Genomics Core (C.B.), Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA; University of California San Diego, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Stem Cell Program, Institute for Genomic Medicine, Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla (L.K., T.B.N., D.A.N., G.W.Y.); and Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain (J.M.C.)
| | - Marie N Krause
- Gene Expression Laboratory (L.K., A.A., I.S.-M., T.H., T.B.N., P.R., E.N., M.N.K., C.R.E., J.C.I.B.) and Integrative Genomics Core (C.B.), Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA; University of California San Diego, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Stem Cell Program, Institute for Genomic Medicine, Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla (L.K., T.B.N., D.A.N., G.W.Y.); and Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain (J.M.C.)
| | - David A Nelles
- Gene Expression Laboratory (L.K., A.A., I.S.-M., T.H., T.B.N., P.R., E.N., M.N.K., C.R.E., J.C.I.B.) and Integrative Genomics Core (C.B.), Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA; University of California San Diego, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Stem Cell Program, Institute for Genomic Medicine, Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla (L.K., T.B.N., D.A.N., G.W.Y.); and Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain (J.M.C.)
| | - Concepcion Rodriguez Esteban
- Gene Expression Laboratory (L.K., A.A., I.S.-M., T.H., T.B.N., P.R., E.N., M.N.K., C.R.E., J.C.I.B.) and Integrative Genomics Core (C.B.), Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA; University of California San Diego, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Stem Cell Program, Institute for Genomic Medicine, Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla (L.K., T.B.N., D.A.N., G.W.Y.); and Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain (J.M.C.)
| | - Josep M Campistol
- Gene Expression Laboratory (L.K., A.A., I.S.-M., T.H., T.B.N., P.R., E.N., M.N.K., C.R.E., J.C.I.B.) and Integrative Genomics Core (C.B.), Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA; University of California San Diego, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Stem Cell Program, Institute for Genomic Medicine, Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla (L.K., T.B.N., D.A.N., G.W.Y.); and Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain (J.M.C.)
| | - Gene W Yeo
- Gene Expression Laboratory (L.K., A.A., I.S.-M., T.H., T.B.N., P.R., E.N., M.N.K., C.R.E., J.C.I.B.) and Integrative Genomics Core (C.B.), Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA; University of California San Diego, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Stem Cell Program, Institute for Genomic Medicine, Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla (L.K., T.B.N., D.A.N., G.W.Y.); and Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain (J.M.C.)
| | - Juan Carlos Izpisua Belmonte
- Gene Expression Laboratory (L.K., A.A., I.S.-M., T.H., T.B.N., P.R., E.N., M.N.K., C.R.E., J.C.I.B.) and Integrative Genomics Core (C.B.), Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA; University of California San Diego, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Stem Cell Program, Institute for Genomic Medicine, Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla (L.K., T.B.N., D.A.N., G.W.Y.); and Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain (J.M.C.)
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14
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Aguirre A, Montserrat N, Zacchigna S, Nivet E, Hishida T, Krause M, Kurian L, Ocampo A, Vazquez-Ferrer E, Rodriguez-Esteban C, Kumar S, Moresco J, Yates J, Campistol J, Sancho-Martinez I, Giacca M, Belmonte J. In Vivo Activation of a Conserved MicroRNA Program Induces Mammalian Heart Regeneration. Cell Stem Cell 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2014.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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15
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Aguirre A, Montserrat N, Zacchigna S, Nivet E, Hishida T, Krause MN, Kurian L, Ocampo A, Vazquez-Ferrer E, Rodriguez-Esteban C, Kumar S, Moresco JJ, Yates JR, Campistol JM, Sancho-Martinez I, Giacca M, Izpisua Belmonte JC. In vivo activation of a conserved microRNA program induces mammalian heart regeneration. Cell Stem Cell 2014; 15:589-604. [PMID: 25517466 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2014.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Revised: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 10/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Heart failure is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in the developed world, partly because mammals lack the ability to regenerate heart tissue. Whether this is due to evolutionary loss of regenerative mechanisms present in other organisms or to an inability to activate such mechanisms is currently unclear. Here we decipher mechanisms underlying heart regeneration in adult zebrafish and show that the molecular regulators of this response are conserved in mammals. We identified miR-99/100 and Let-7a/c and their protein targets smarca5 and fntb as critical regulators of cardiomyocyte dedifferentiation and heart regeneration in zebrafish. Although human and murine adult cardiomyocytes fail to elicit an endogenous regenerative response after myocardial infarction, we show that in vivo manipulation of this molecular machinery in mice results in cardiomyocyte dedifferentiation and improved heart functionality after injury. These data provide a proof of concept for identifying and activating conserved molecular programs to regenerate the damaged heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aitor Aguirre
- Gene Expression Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Nuria Montserrat
- Center of Regenerative Medicine of Barcelona (CMRB), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Serena Zacchigna
- International Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Emmanuel Nivet
- Gene Expression Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Tomoaki Hishida
- Gene Expression Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Marie N Krause
- Gene Expression Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Leo Kurian
- Gene Expression Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Alejandro Ocampo
- Gene Expression Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Eric Vazquez-Ferrer
- Gene Expression Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | | | - Sachin Kumar
- Gene Expression Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - James J Moresco
- Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, SR-11, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - John R Yates
- Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, SR-11, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Josep M Campistol
- Renal Division, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ignacio Sancho-Martinez
- Gene Expression Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Mauro Giacca
- International Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), 34149 Trieste, Italy
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16
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Liu GH, Suzuki K, Li M, Qu J, Montserrat N, Tarantino C, Gu Y, Yi F, Xu X, Zhang W, Ruiz S, Plongthongkum N, Zhang K, Masuda S, Nivet E, Tsunekawa Y, Soligalla RD, Goebl A, Aizawa E, Kim NY, Kim J, Dubova I, Li Y, Ren R, Benner C, Del Sol A, Bueren J, Trujillo JP, Surralles J, Cappelli E, Dufour C, Esteban CR, Belmonte JCI. Modelling Fanconi anemia pathogenesis and therapeutics using integration-free patient-derived iPSCs. Nat Commun 2014; 5:4330. [PMID: 24999918 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2013] [Accepted: 06/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fanconi anaemia (FA) is a recessive disorder characterized by genomic instability, congenital abnormalities, cancer predisposition and bone marrow (BM) failure. However, the pathogenesis of FA is not fully understood partly due to the limitations of current disease models. Here, we derive integration free-induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from an FA patient without genetic complementation and report in situ gene correction in FA-iPSCs as well as the generation of isogenic FANCA-deficient human embryonic stem cell (ESC) lines. FA cellular phenotypes are recapitulated in iPSCs/ESCs and their adult stem/progenitor cell derivatives. By using isogenic pathogenic mutation-free controls as well as cellular and genomic tools, our model serves to facilitate the discovery of novel disease features. We validate our model as a drug-screening platform by identifying several compounds that improve hematopoietic differentiation of FA-iPSCs. These compounds are also able to rescue the hematopoietic phenotype of FA patient BM cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Hui Liu
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.,Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Keiichiro Suzuki
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Mo Li
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Jing Qu
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.,Key Laboratory of Non-coding RNA, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Nuria Montserrat
- Center for Regenerative Medicine in Barcelona, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carolina Tarantino
- Center for Regenerative Medicine in Barcelona, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ying Gu
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Fei Yi
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Xiuling Xu
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Weiqi Zhang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Sergio Ruiz
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Nongluk Plongthongkum
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Shigeo Masuda
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Emmanuel Nivet
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Yuji Tsunekawa
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Rupa Devi Soligalla
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - April Goebl
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Emi Aizawa
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Na Young Kim
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Jessica Kim
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Ilir Dubova
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Ying Li
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Ruotong Ren
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Chris Benner
- Integrative Genomics and Bioinformatics Core, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Antonio Del Sol
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, L-1511, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Juan Bueren
- Hematopoiesis and Gene Therapy Division. Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT)/Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBER-ER), Madrid 28040, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBER-ER), Madrid 28040, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Juan Pablo Trujillo
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology and Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Campus de Bellaterra s/n 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Jordi Surralles
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology and Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Campus de Bellaterra s/n 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Enrico Cappelli
- G. Gaslini Children's Hospital, Largo G. Gaslini 5, 16147 Genova Quarto, Italy
| | - Carlo Dufour
- G. Gaslini Children's Hospital, Largo G. Gaslini 5, 16147 Genova Quarto, Italy
| | - Concepcion Rodriguez Esteban
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Juan Carlos Izpisua Belmonte
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
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Xia Y, Nivet E, Sancho-Martinez I, Gallegos T, Suzuki K, Okamura D, Wu MZ, Dubova I, Esteban CR, Montserrat N, Campistol JM, Izpisua Belmonte JC. Directed differentiation of human pluripotent cells to ureteric bud kidney progenitor-like cells. Nat Cell Biol 2013; 15:1507-15. [PMID: 24240476 DOI: 10.1038/ncb2872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 233] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2013] [Accepted: 10/04/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Diseases affecting the kidney constitute a major health issue worldwide. Their incidence and poor prognosis affirm the urgent need for the development of new therapeutic strategies. Recently, differentiation of pluripotent cells to somatic lineages has emerged as a promising approach for disease modelling and cell transplantation. Unfortunately, differentiation of pluripotent cells into renal lineages has demonstrated limited success. Here we report on the differentiation of human pluripotent cells into ureteric-bud-committed renal progenitor-like cells. The generated cells demonstrated rapid and specific expression of renal progenitor markers on 4-day exposure to defined media conditions. Further maturation into ureteric bud structures was accomplished on establishment of a three-dimensional culture system in which differentiated human cells assembled and integrated alongside murine cells for the formation of chimeric ureteric buds. Altogether, our results provide a new platform for the study of kidney diseases and lineage commitment, and open new avenues for the future application of regenerative strategies in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Xia
- 1] Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA [2]
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18
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Nivet E, Liu GH, Montserrat N, Izpisua Belmonte JC. [Resetting Parkinson's disease patient-derived cells to unveil new pathological marks]. Med Sci (Paris) 2013; 29:353-5. [PMID: 23621928 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/2013294006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Nivet
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, États-Unis.
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Nivet E, Sancho-Martinez I, Izpisua Belmonte JC. Conversion of pericytes to neurons: a new guest at the reprogramming convention. Stem Cell Res Ther 2013; 4:2. [PMID: 23312036 PMCID: PMC3706921 DOI: 10.1186/scrt150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Reprogramming strategies allow for the generation of virtually any cell type of the human body, which could be useful for cell-based therapy. Among the different reprogramming technologies available, direct lineage conversion offers the possibility to change the phenotype of a cell type to another one without pushing cells backwards to a plastic/proliferative stage. This approach has raised the possibility to apply a similar process in vivo in order to compensate for functional cell loss. Historically, the cerebral tissue is a prime choice for developing cell-based treatments. As local pericyte accumulation is observed after central nervous system injury, it can be reasoned that this cell type might be a good candidate for the conversion into new neurons in vivo. In this article, and by focusing on recent observations from Karow and colleagues demonstrating the possibility to convert human brain-derived pericytes into functional neurons, we present a brief overview of the state of the art and attempt to offer perspective as to how these interesting laboratory findings could be translated in the clinic.
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Montserrat N, Ramírez-Bajo MJ, Xia Y, Sancho-Martinez I, Moya-Rull D, Miquel-Serra L, Yang S, Nivet E, Cortina C, González F, Izpisua Belmonte JC, Campistol JM. Generation of induced pluripotent stem cells from human renal proximal tubular cells with only two transcription factors, OCT4 and SOX2. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:24131-8. [PMID: 22613719 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.350413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The tubular epithelium of the kidney is susceptible to injury from a number of different causes, including inflammatory and immune disorders, oxidative stress, and nephrotoxins, among others. Primary renal epithelial cells remain one of the few tools for studying the biochemical and physiological characteristics of the renal tubular system. Nevertheless, differentiated primary cells are not suitable for recapitulation of disease properties that might arise during embryonic kidney formation and further maturation. Thus, cellular systems resembling kidney characteristics are in urgent need to model disease as well as to establish reliable drug-testing platforms. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) bear the capacity to differentiate into every cell lineage comprising the adult organism. Thus, iPSCs bring the possibility for recapitulating embryonic development by directed differentiation into specific lineages. iPSC differentiation ultimately allows for both disease modeling in vitro and the production of cellular products with potential for regenerative medicine. Here, we describe the rapid, reproducible, and highly efficient generation of iPSCs derived from endogenous kidney tubular renal epithelial cells with only two transcriptional factors, OCT4 and SOX2. Kidney-derived iPSCs may provide a reliable cellular platform for the development of kidney differentiation protocols allowing drug discovery studies and the study of kidney pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Montserrat
- Center for Regenerative Medicine in Barcelona, Dr. Aiguader, 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
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23
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Abstract
The olfactory mucosa, located in the nasal cavity, is in charge of detecting odours. It is also the only nervous tissue that is exposed to the external environment and easily accessible in every living individual. As a result, this tissue is unique for anyone aiming to identify molecular anomalies in the pathological brain or isolate adult stem cells for cell therapy. Molecular abnormalities in brain diseases are often studied using nervous tissue samples collected post-mortem. However, this material has numerous limitations. In contrast, the olfactory mucosa is readily accessible and can be biopsied safely without any loss of sense of smell1. Accordingly, the olfactory mucosa provides an "open window" in the adult human through which one can study developmental (e.g. autism, schizophrenia)2-4 or neurodegenerative (e.g. Parkinson, Alzheimer) diseases4,5. Olfactory mucosa can be used for either comparative molecular studies4,6 or in vitro experiments on neurogenesis3,7. The olfactory epithelium is also a nervous tissue that produces new neurons every day to replace those that are damaged by pollution, bacterial of viral infections. This permanent neurogenesis is sustained by progenitors but also stem cells residing within both compartments of the mucosa, namely the neuroepithelium and the underlying lamina propria8-10. We recently developed a method to purify the adult stem cells located in the lamina propria and, after having demonstrated that they are closely related to bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSC), we named them olfactory ecto-mesenchymal stem cells (OE-MSC)11. Interestingly, when compared to BM-MSCs, OE-MSCs display a high proliferation rate, an elevated clonogenicity and an inclination to differentiate into neural cells. We took advantage of these characteristics to perform studies dedicated to unveil new candidate genes in schizophrenia and Parkinson's disease4. We and others have also shown that OE-MSCs are promising candidates for cell therapy, after a spinal cord trauma12,13, a cochlear damage14 or in an animal models of Parkinson's disease15 or amnesia16. In this study, we present methods to biopsy olfactory mucosa in rats and humans. After collection, the lamina propria is enzymatically separated from the epithelium and stem cells are purified using an enzymatic or a non-enzymatic method. Purified olfactory stem cells can then be either grown in large numbers and banked in liquid nitrogen or induced to form spheres or differentiated into neural cells. These stem cells can also be used for comparative omics (genomic, transcriptomic, epigenomic, proteomic) studies.
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Nivet E, Vignes M, Girard SD, Pierrisnard C, Baril N, Devèze A, Magnan J, Lanté F, Khrestchatisky M, Féron F, Roman FS. Engraftment of human nasal olfactory stem cells restores neuroplasticity in mice with hippocampal lesions. J Clin Invest 2011; 121:2808-20. [PMID: 21670501 DOI: 10.1172/jci44489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2010] [Accepted: 04/27/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cell-based therapy has been proposed as a potential means of treatment for a variety of brain disorders. Because ethical and technical issues have so far limited the clinical translation of research using embryonic/fetal cells and neural tissue, respectively, the search for alternative sources of therapeutic stem cells remains ongoing. Here, we report that upon transplantation into mice with chemically induced hippocampal lesions, human olfactory ecto-mesenchymal stem cells (OE-MSCs) - adult stem cells from human nasal olfactory lamina propria - migrated toward the sites of neural damage, where they differentiated into neurons. Additionally, transplanted OE-MSCs stimulated endogenous neurogenesis, restored synaptic transmission, and enhanced long-term potentiation. Mice that received transplanted OE-MSCs exhibited restoration of learning and memory on behavioral tests compared with lesioned, nontransplanted control mice. Similar results were obtained when OE-MSCs were injected into the cerebrospinal fluid. These data show that OE-MSCs can induce neurogenesis and contribute to restoration of hippocampal neuronal networks via trophic actions. They provide evidence that human olfactory tissue is a conceivable source of nervous system replacement cells. This stem cell subtype may be useful for a broad range of stem cell-related studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Nivet
- Laboratoire de Neurobiologie des Processus Mnésiques, CNRS UMR-6149, Aix-Marseille Université; IFR Sciences du Cerveau et de Cognition, Marseille, France.
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25
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Liu GH, Suzuki K, Qu J, Sancho-Martinez I, Yi F, Li M, Kumar S, Nivet E, Kim J, Soligalla RD, Dubova I, Goebl A, Plongthongkum N, Fung HL, Zhang K, Loring JF, Laurent LC, Izpisua Belmonte JC. Targeted gene correction of laminopathy-associated LMNA mutations in patient-specific iPSCs. Cell Stem Cell 2011; 8:688-94. [PMID: 21596650 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2011.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2011] [Revised: 04/22/2011] [Accepted: 04/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Combination of stem cell-based approaches with gene-editing technologies represents an attractive strategy for studying human disease and developing therapies. However, gene-editing methodologies described to date for human cells suffer from technical limitations including limited target gene size, low targeting efficiency at transcriptionally inactive loci, and off-target genetic effects that could hamper broad clinical application. To address these limitations, and as a proof of principle, we focused on homologous recombination-based gene correction of multiple mutations on lamin A (LMNA), which are associated with various degenerative diseases. We show that helper-dependent adenoviral vectors (HDAdVs) provide a highly efficient and safe method for correcting mutations in large genomic regions in human induced pluripotent stem cells and can also be effective in adult human mesenchymal stem cells. This type of approach could be used to generate genotype-matched cell lines for disease modeling and drug discovery and potentially also in therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Hui Liu
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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26
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Delorme B, Nivet E, Gaillard J, Häupl T, Ringe J, Devèze A, Magnan J, Sohier J, Khrestchatisky M, Roman FS, Charbord P, Sensebé L, Layrolle P, Féron F. The human nose harbors a niche of olfactory ectomesenchymal stem cells displaying neurogenic and osteogenic properties. Stem Cells Dev 2010; 19:853-66. [PMID: 19905894 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2009.0267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously identified multipotent stem cells within the lamina propria of the human olfactory mucosa, located in the nasal cavity. We also demonstrated that this cell type differentiates into neural cells and improves locomotor behavior after transplantation in a rat model of Parkinson's disease. Yet, next to nothing is known about their specific stemness characteristics. We therefore devised a study aiming to compare olfactory lamina propria stem cells from 4 individuals to bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells from 4 age- and gender-matched individuals. Using pangenomic microarrays and immunostaining with 34 cell surface marker antibodies, we show here that olfactory stem cells are closely related to bone marrow stem cells. However, olfactory stem cells also exhibit singular traits. By means of techniques such as proliferation assay, cDNA microarrays, RT-PCR, in vitro and in vivo differentiation, we report that when compared to bone marrow stem cells, olfactory stem cells display (1) a high proliferation rate; (2) a propensity to differentiate into osseous cells; and (3) a disinclination to give rise to chondrocytes and adipocytes. Since peripheral olfactory stem cells originate from a neural crest-derived tissue and, as shown here, exhibit an increased expression of neural cell-related genes, we propose to name them olfactory ectomesenchymal stem cells (OE-MSC). Further studies are now required to corroborate the therapeutic potential of OE-MSCs in animal models of bone and brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Delorme
- Inserm ESPRI-EA3855, Université François Rabelais, Faculté de Médecine, Tours, France
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Fernandes de Abreu DA, Nivet E, Baril N, Khrestchatisky M, Roman F, Féron F. Developmental vitamin D deficiency alters learning in C57Bl/6J mice. Behav Brain Res 2010; 208:603-8. [PMID: 20079764 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2010.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2009] [Revised: 01/06/2010] [Accepted: 01/07/2010] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have highlighted a season of birth effect in multiple sclerosis and schizophrenia. As a result, low prenatal vitamin D has been proposed as a candidate risk factor for these brain diseases, with cognitive impairments. In order to further investigate the long-term consequences of a transient gestational hypovitaminosis D, we used a mouse developmental vitamin D (DVD) deficiency model. Female C57Bl/6J mice were fed a vitamin D-free diet for 6 weeks prior to conception and during gestation. At birth, dams and their offspring were fed a normal vitamin D-containing diet. The adult offspring underwent a learning test based on olfactory cues, at 30 weeks and 60 weeks of age. In addition, using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), volumes of cerebrum, hippocampus and lateral ventricles were measured at 30 weeks and 70 weeks of age. We found that DVD-deficient mice, when compared to control animals at Week 30, displayed impaired learning and smaller lateral ventricles. At Weeks 60-70, both groups deteriorated when compared to young mice and no significant difference was observed between groups. This study confirms that transient prenatal vitamin D deficiency alters brain development and functioning and induces cognitive impairments in the young adult offspring.
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28
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Del'Guidice T, Nivet E, Escoffier G, Baril N, Caverni JP, Roman FS. Perseveration related to frontal lesion in mice using the olfactory H-maze. Behav Brain Res 2009; 205:226-33. [PMID: 19683547 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2009.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2009] [Revised: 08/03/2009] [Accepted: 08/08/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The delayed reaction paradigm, consisting to discover two different rules consecutively (delayed alternation and non-alternation task) followed by a delayed reversal task, is a specific marker for the functioning of primate prefrontal cortex. Although several works in rodents report the use of operant delayed alternation tasks, in none of the studies mice with lesion of the prefrontal cortex were used in this paradigm. In the current study, mouse experiments were conducted using a new, totally automated device, the olfactory H-maze. Here, we show that unilateral lesion of the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex in mice induced similar deficits to those observed after frontal lesions in monkeys and humans. These pronounced learning deficits seem to come from difficulty elaborating a new rule and the inability to inhibit the previous rule, characterized by perseveration after prefrontal cortex lesion. The present results demonstrate that this very simple experimental paradigm using the olfactory H-maze presents the advantage to be fast (one training session) and well suited to assess the frontal functions in mice. It should be useful for testing pharmacological or stem cell approaches in order to reduce organic damages or gain insight into the cognitive functions of the frontal cortex using transgenic or gene-targeting mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Del'Guidice
- Laboratoire de Neurobiologie des Processus Mnésiques - UMR 6149 - Université de Provence, CNRS - Centre St Charles - 3, place Victor Hugo - 13331 Marseille Cedex 03, France
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29
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Marchetti E, Jacquet M, Jeltsch H, Migliorati M, Nivet E, Cassel JC, Roman FS. Complete recovery of olfactory associative learning by activation of 5-HT4 receptors after dentate granule cell damage in rats. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2008; 90:185-91. [PMID: 18485752 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2008.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2007] [Revised: 03/31/2008] [Accepted: 03/31/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Bilateral intradentate injections of 3.0microg of colchicine induced a substantial loss of granule cells and damage to the overlying pyramidal cell layer in region CA1 in adult male Long-Evans rats. All rats with such lesions showed a significant associative learning deficit in an olfactory discrimination task, while being unimpaired in the procedural component of this task. Injection of a partial selective 5-HT(4) agonist (SL65.0155; 0.01mg/kg, i.p., vs. saline) before the third of six training sessions enabled complete recovery of associative learning performance in the lesioned rats. Activation of 5-HT(4) receptors by a selective agonist such as SL65.0155 might therefore provide an opportunity to reduce learning and memory deficits associated with temporal lobe damage, and could be useful for the symptomatic treatment of memory dysfunctions related to pathological aging such as Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Marchetti
- Laboratoire de Neurobiologie des Processus Mnésiques, UMR 6149 CNRS Université de Provence, IFR 131 des Neurosciences et GDR 2905 du CNRS, Centre St. Charles, Pôle 3 C-3, Place Victor Hugo, 13331 Marseille Cedex 03, France
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