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Kvalsvik F, Larsen BH, Eilertsen G, Falkenberg HK, Dalen I, Haaland S, Storm M. Health Needs Assessment in Home-Living Older Adults: Protocol for a Pre-Post Study. JMIR Res Protoc 2024; 13:e55192. [PMID: 38635319 DOI: 10.2196/55192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Conducting a health needs assessment for older adults is important, particularly for early detection and management of frailty. Such assessments can help to improve health outcomes, maintain overall well-being, and support older adults in retaining their independence as they age at home. OBJECTIVE In this study, a systematic approach to health needs assessment is adopted in order to reflect real-world practices in municipal health care and capture the nuances of frailty. The aim is to assess changes in frailty levels in home-living older adults over 5 months and to examine the observable functional changes from a prestudy baseline (t1) to a poststudy period (t2). Additionally, the study explores the feasibility of conducting the health needs assessment from the perspective of home-living older adults and their informal caregivers. METHODS Interprofessional teams of registered nurses, physiotherapists, and occupational therapists will conduct 2 health needs assessments covering physical, cognitive, psychological, social, and behavioral domains. The study includes 40 home-living older adults of 75 years of age or older, who have applied for municipal health and care services in Norway. A quantitative approach will be applied to assess changes in frailty levels in home-living older adults over 5 months. In addition, we will examine the observable functional changes from t1 to t2 and how these changes correlate to frailty levels. Following this, a qualitative approach will be used to examine the perspectives of participants and their informal caregivers regarding the health needs assessment and its feasibility. The final sample size for the qualitative phase will be determined based on the participant's willingness to be interviewed. The quantitative data consist of descriptive statistics, simple tests, and present plots and correlation coefficients. For the qualitative analysis, we will apply thematic analysis. RESULTS The initial baseline assessments were completed in July 2023, and the second health needs assessments are ongoing. We expect the results to be available for analysis in the spring of 2024. CONCLUSIONS This study has potential benefits for not only older adults and their informal caregivers but also health care professionals. Moreover, it can be used to inform future studies focused on health needs assessments of this specific demographic group. The study also provides meaningful insights for local policy makers, with potential future implications at the national level. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05837728; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05837728. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/55192.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fifi Kvalsvik
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Bente Hamre Larsen
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Grethe Eilertsen
- Research Group of Older Peoples' Health, University of South-Eastern Norway, Drammen, Norway
- Department of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of South-Eastern Norway, Drammen, Norway
| | - Helle K Falkenberg
- Research Group of Older Peoples' Health, University of South-Eastern Norway, Drammen, Norway
- National Centre for Optics, Vision and Eye Care, Department of Optometry, Radiography and Lighting Design, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, University of South-Eastern Norway, Kongsberg, Norway
| | - Ingvild Dalen
- Section of Biostatistics, Research Department, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
- Department of Quality and Health Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Stine Haaland
- Department of Health and Welfare services, Stavanger kommune, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Marianne Storm
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Social Care, Molde University College, Molde, Norway
- Research Group of Nursing and Health Sciences, Research Department, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
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Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop a performance test set-up for America's Cup grinders. The test set-up had to mimic the on-boat grinding activity and be capable of collecting data for analysis and evaluation of grinding performance. This study included a literature-based analysis of grinding demands and a test protocol developed to accommodate the necessary physiological loads. This study resulted in a test protocol consisting of 10 intervals of 20 revolutions each interspersed with active resting periods of 50 s. The 20 revolutions are a combination of both forward and backward grinding and an exponentially rising resistance. A custom-made grinding ergometer was developed with computer-controlled resistance and capable of collecting data during the test. The data collected can be used to find measures of grinding performance such as peak power, time to complete and the decline in repeated grinding performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- C G Olesen
- a Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering , Aalborg University , Aalborg , Denmark
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Lister SJ, Boothroyd AT, Andersen NH, Larsen BH, Zhokhov AA, Christensen AN, Wildes AR. Coupled magnetic excitations in single crystal PrBa(2)Cu(3)O(6.2). Phys Rev Lett 2001; 86:5994-5997. [PMID: 11415412 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.86.5994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The dispersion of the low-energy magnetic excitations of the Pr sublattice in PrBa(2)Cu(3)O(6.2) is determined by inelastic neutron scattering measurements on a single crystal. The dispersion, which shows the effect of interactions with the Cu spin waves, is well described by a model of the coupled Cu-Pr magnetic system. This model enables values for the principal exchange constants to be determined. The results suggest that both Pr-Pr and Cu-Pr interactions are important in producing the anomalously high ordering temperature of the Pr sublattice. Measurements of the Cu optic spin wave mode show that the interlayer Cu-Cu exchange is significantly lower than in YBa(2)Cu(3)O(6.2).
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Lister
- Department of Physics, Oxford University, Clarendon Laboratory, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
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Abstract
The development of the sequential structure of dustbathing bouts was studied in domestic egg-layer chicks from hatching until 23 days of age using a first order Markov chain model analysis. Chicks were reared either with access to sand ("sand chicks ") or on a wire floor ( "wire chicks"). All chicks in both groups developed a basic structure of the elements pecking, bill raking, ground scratching, vertical wingshaking, head rubbing, and side rubbing. Nonetheless, there was more cohesion in the bouts of sand chicks than in those of wire chicks: wire chicks had more pauses in their bouts and performed more elements while standing; also, allopecking (feather-pecking) and preening were incorporated into their bouts. We conclude that the basic structure of dustbathing bouts develops even in the absence of functional experience with feedback from sand. However, absence of normal feedback can lead to problems consisting of interruptions and feather-directed behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- B H Larsen
- Department of Animal Science and Animal Health Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
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Larsen BH. [On rabies, ignorance and humility]. Ugeskr Laeger 1995; 157:1869-70. [PMID: 7725569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Ustinov AV, Cirillo M, Larsen BH, Oboznov VA, Carelli P, Rotoli G. Experimental and numerical study of dynamic regimes in a discrete sine-Gordon lattice. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1995; 51:3081-3091. [PMID: 9979091 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.51.3081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Sørensen PS, Larsen BH, Rasmussen MJ, Kinge E, Iversen H, Alslev T, Nøhr P, Pedersen KK, Schrøder P, Lademann A. Flunarizine versus metoprolol in migraine prophylaxis: a double-blind, randomized parallel group study of efficacy and tolerability. Headache 1991; 31:650-7. [PMID: 1769820 DOI: 10.1111/j.1526-4610.1991.hed3110650.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The prophylactic effect of flunarizine and metoprolol was studied in a multi-center randomized, double-blind trial of 149 patients with migraine with or without aura. After a 4-week placebo run-in period, patients were randomly allocated to treatment with flunarizine 10 mg daily or metoprolol 200 mg daily for 16 weeks (parallel group design). Both drugs reduced the number of migraine days per month by 37% (95% confidence interval 21-53%) compared with the placebo run-in period. All efficacy parameters were significantly reduced by both drugs and no significant difference was found between the two drugs at any time of the treatment period. However, calculation of the 95% confidence limits showed that each drug may have a superiority of more than 100% on a single main effect parameter. The most common adverse experiences were day-time sedation (both drugs) and weight gain (flunarizine). Depression was the most serious side-effect occurring in 8% on flunarizine and 3% on metoprolol. We conclude that both drugs are effective in the prevention of migraine attacks but a higher number of dropouts occurred on flunarizine because of depression or weight gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- P S Sørensen
- Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Larsen BH, Rohde K, Børgesen SE, Sørensen PS, Agerlin N, Bach F, Bøge-Rasmussen T, Gjerris F, Rasmusson BU, Stjernholm PM. [Metastatic spinal compression syndrome. Symptoms, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis]. Ugeskr Laeger 1990; 152:3691-5. [PMID: 2264169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A retrospective study of 398 patients suffering from metastatic compression of the spinal cord or cauda equina is presented. The study comprised almost all relevant medical records of patients admitted to hospital in the eastern part of Denmark in the period 1979 through 1985. Carcinoma of the lung, prostate, breast and kidney were the most frequent primary malignancies causing spinal compression. Most patients were treated with laminectomy, or radiotherapy or with laminectomy and radiotherapy combined. The effect of the treatment was estimated by evaluation of motor function and sphincter control. Treatment with laminectomy followed by radiotherapy was significantly superior to treatment with laminectomy or radiotherapy alone. But if the patients' motor function and primary tumour were taken into account, no significant difference between the treatments was observed. The efficacy of treatment depended upon the symptoms when the diagnosis was established, and accordingly early diagnosis is of the utmost importance. The incidence of metastatic compression increased during the period covered by the study, and since this condition must not go untreated, awareness of the symptoms, primarily pain, is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- B H Larsen
- Rigshospitalet, København, neuromedicinsk, neurokirurgisk og onkologisk, afdeling
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Larsen BH, Sørensen PS, Marquardsen J. Transient ischaemic attacks in young patients: a thromboembolic or migrainous manifestation? A 10 year follow up study of 46 patients. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1990; 53:1029-33. [PMID: 2292692 PMCID: PMC488309 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.53.12.1029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Forty six patients aged 18-39 years with transient ischaemic attacks (TIA) were studied; two thirds were women. Twenty five patients had attacks accompanied by headache, and seven gave a history of common migraine. Only four of 27 angiograms were abnormal; no operable carotid lesion was demonstrated. Over a mean follow up period of 10 years stroke or myocardial infarction (AMI) occurred in all four patients who presented major cerebrovascular risk factors, but in only two of the remaining 42 patients. Thus irrespective of age thromboembolic TIA is a harbinger of stroke or AMI. However, most TIAs under the age of 40 years are caused by a non-embolic benign vascular disorder. The clinical characteristics, long-term prognosis, and possible pathogenesis, for such attacks are often indistinguishable from those of classical migraine. In the absence of cardiovascular risk factors, arteriography does not provide much diagnostic and prognostic information.
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Affiliation(s)
- B H Larsen
- Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Abstract
In a double-blind cross-over study we compared tolfenamic acid with paracetamol in out-patients with common migraine (migraine without aura). Each patient was treated during (at least) 4 attacks with one of the following alternatives: tolfenamic acid 200 mg, tolfenamic acid 400 mg, paracetamol 500 mg or paracetamol 1000 mg in a randomized sequence. The same sequence of treatments was applied to (preferably) 4 more attacks. Dosage was repeated after 2 h if the attack had not abated. Escape medication was allowed after 4 h if the treatment was inefficient. A total of 83 patients were admitted to the study, but 3 dropped out, while 10 completed less than 4 attacks. Seventy completed 4 attacks, and 58 completed all 8. The total number of attacks treated was 545. We found a significant superiority of tolfenamic acid over paracetamol with regard to effect on pain after 2 h (p less than 0.01), patients' global evaluation (p less than 0.001), and use of escape medication (p less than 0.02). The trend was the same for duration of attacks, confinement to bed during attack and nausea, but the results were not statistically significant. There was no significant difference between the smaller and the larger dose of either drug nor between the need for escape medication, although the trend favoured tolfenamic acid. Side effects were few. Tolfenamic acid is evidently valuable in treatment of migraine.
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Affiliation(s)
- B H Larsen
- Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Sørensen S, Børgesen SE, Rohde K, Rasmusson B, Bach F, Bøge-Rasmussen T, Stjernholm P, Larsen BH, Agerlin N, Gjerris F. Metastatic epidural spinal cord compression. Results of treatment and survival. Cancer 1990; 65:1502-8. [PMID: 2311062 DOI: 10.1002/1097-0142(19900401)65:7<1502::aid-cncr2820650709>3.0.co;2-d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
All medical records of patients treated for metastatic compression of the spinal cord or cauda equina in the eastern part of Denmark from 1979 through 1985 were reviewed. With regard to treatment response and survival, 345 patients could be evaluated. Carcinoma of the lung (19%), prostate (18%), breast (13%), and kidney (10%) were the most frequent primary malignancies causing spinal compression. The outcome of treatment depended primarily on the patients' condition at the time of diagnosis: 79% of the patients who were able to walk before the treatment remained ambulatory, whereas only 21% of the nonambulatory paraplegic patients and 6% of the paralytic patients regained walking ability. Patients treated with laminectomy followed by radiotherapy seemed to respond better than patients treated with radiotherapy or laminectomy alone, but when the patients' pretreatment motor function was taken into account no significant difference was found between the three forms of treatment. In the subgroup of nonambulatory patients, however, a significantly better restoration of gait was observed in patients treated with the combination of laminectomy and radiotherapy than in patients treated with radiotherapy alone. A longer survival in the group treated with the combination of laminectomy and radiotherapy may reflect that these patients were in a lower stage of disease and thus had a better potential of regaining motor function. The results call for prospective randomized studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sørensen
- University Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Bach F, Larsen BH, Rohde K, Børgesen SE, Gjerris F, Bøge-Rasmussen T, Agerlin N, Rasmusson B, Stjernholm P, Sørensen PS. Metastatic spinal cord compression. Occurrence, symptoms, clinical presentations and prognosis in 398 patients with spinal cord compression. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 1990; 107:37-43. [PMID: 2096606 DOI: 10.1007/bf01402610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 263] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
We reviewed all medical records concerning patients suffering from spinal cord or cauda equina compression (SCC) secondary to cancer, in the eastern part of Denmark, from 1979 through 1985. During the period the incidence of SCC in cancer patients went up from 4.4% to 6%. However, this increase was not significant. The series comprised 398 cases, with carcinoma of the prostate (19%), lung (18%), breast (14%) and kidney (10%) accounting for 61%. The symptoms were evaluated in accordance with the patients rating of pain, motor deficits, sphincter control and paraesthesia, whereas the clinical manifestations were classified on the basis of motor deficit and bladder dysfunction. During the period preceding the diagnosis of SCC, 83% of the patients suffered from back pain, 67% from deteriorating gait and 48% had retention of the urine. In 35% of the patients there was no sphincter disturbance and 10% had normal sensory function. The outcome of treatment was estimated by changes in motor deficits and sphincter function, and depended primarily on the patients condition at the time of the diagnosis. Of the patients who were able to walk before treatment, 79% remained ambulatory, whereas only 18% of the non-ambulatory patients regained walking ability. Patients treated by decompressive laminectomy followed by radiotherapy apparently had a better response than patients treated with surgery or irradiation alone, but when the patients pre-treatment motor function was taken into account, no significant difference was observed. The study may call for a properly randomized trial with careful stratification of tumour biology, performance status and neurological deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Bach
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital Herlev, Denmark
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Larsen BH. [Asgård--how it can go when nurses speak to deaf ears]. Sykepleien 1985; 72:28-31. [PMID: 3847209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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