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Tomková M, Panda SP, Šeda O, Baxová A, Hůlková M, Siler Masters BS, Martásek P. Genetic variations in NADPH-CYP450 oxidoreductase in a Czech Slavic cohort. Pharmacogenomics 2015; 16:205-15. [PMID: 25712184 DOI: 10.2217/pgs.14.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Estimating polymorphic allele frequencies of the NADPH-CYP450 oxidoreductase (POR) gene in a Czech Slavic population. METHODS The POR gene was analyzed in 322 individuals from a control cohort by sequencing and high resolution melting analysis. RESULTS We identified seven unreported SNP genetic variations, including two SNPs in the 5' flanking region (g.4965C>T and g.4994G>T), one intronic variant (c.1899-20C>T), one synonymous SNP (p.20Ala=) and three nonsynonymous SNPs (p.Thr29Ser, p.Pro384Leu and p.Thr529Met). The p.Pro384Leu variant exhibited reduced enzymatic activities compared with wild-type. CONCLUSION New POR variant identification indicates the number of uncommon variants might be specific for each subpopulation being investigated, particularly germane to the singular role that POR plays in providing reducing equivalents to all CYP450s in the endoplasmic reticulum. Original submitted 15 September 2014; Revision submitted 17 November 2014.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mária Tomková
- Department of Pediatrics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 128 08 Prague, Czech Republic
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Tomková M, Marohnic CC, Gurwitz D, Seda O, Masters BSS, Martásek P. Identification of six novel P450 oxidoreductase missense variants in Ashkenazi and Moroccan Jewish populations. Pharmacogenomics 2012; 13:543-54. [PMID: 22462747 DOI: 10.2217/pgs.12.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The enzyme NADPH-P450 oxidoreductase (POR) is the main electron donor to all microsomal CYPs. The possible contribution of common POR variants to inter- and intra-individual variability in drug metabolism is of great pharmacogenetic interest. AIM To search for POR polymorphic alleles and estimate their frequencies in a Jewish population. MATERIALS & METHODS We analyzed the POR gene in 301 Ashkenazi and Moroccan Jews. RESULTS A total of 30 POR SNPs were identified, nine in the noncoding regions and 21 in the protein-coding regions (ten synonymous, 11 missense). Six of these missense variants are previously undescribed (S102P, V164M, V191M, D344N, E398A and D648N). CONCLUSION The data collected in this study on missense POR SNPs, interpreted in light of the crystallographic structure of human POR, indicate that some POR missense variants may be potential biomarkers for future POR pharmacogenetic screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mária Tomková
- Department of Pediatrics, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 128 08 Prague, Czech Republic
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Kaplánek R, Martásek P, Grüner B, Panda S, Rak J, Masters BSS, Král V, Roman LJ. Nitric oxide synthases activation and inhibition by metallacarborane-cluster-based isoform-specific affectors. J Med Chem 2012; 55:9541-8. [PMID: 23075390 DOI: 10.1021/jm300805x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A small library of boron-cluster- and metallacarborane-cluster-based ligands was designed, prepared, and tested for isoform-selective activation or inhibition of the three nitric oxide synthase isoforms. On the basis of the concept of creating a hydrophobic analogue of a natural substrate, a stable and nontoxic basic boron cluster system, previously used for boron neutron capture therapy, was modified by the addition of positively charged moieties to its periphery, providing hydrophobic and nonclassical hydrogen bonding interactions with the protein. Several of these compounds show efficacy for inhibition of NO synthesis with differential effects on the various nitric oxide synthase isoforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Kaplánek
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology in Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
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Marohnic CC, Panda SP, McCammon K, Rueff J, Masters BSS, Kranendonk M. Human cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase deficiency caused by the Y181D mutation: molecular consequences and rescue of defect. Drug Metab Dispos 2009; 38:332-40. [PMID: 19884324 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.109.030445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia, exhibiting combined CYP17 and CYP21 deficiency, were shown by Arlt et al. (2004) to harbor a 541T-->G mutation in exon 5 of POR (encoding NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase, CYPOR), which resulted in a Y181D substitution that obliterated electron transfer capacity. Using bacterial expression models, we examined catalytic and physical properties of the human CYPOR Y181D variant. As purified, Y181D lacked flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and NADPH-cytochrome c reductase (NCR) activity but retained normal flavin adenine dinucleotide binding and NADPH utilization. Titration of the purified protein with FMN restored 64 of wild-type (WT) NCR activity in Y181D with an activation constant of approximately 2 microM. As determined by FMN fluorescence quenching, Y181D had K(d)(FMN) = 7.3 microM. Biplasmid coexpression of CYPOR and CYP1A2, at the physiological ratio of approximately 1:10 in the engineered MK_1A2_POR Escherichia coli strain, showed the compromised capacity of Y181D to support CYP1A2-catalyzed metabolism of the procarcinogens 2-aminoanthracene, 2-amino-3-methylimidazo(4,5-f)quinoline, and 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone. Isolated MK1A2_POR membranes confirmed FMN stimulation of Y181D NCR activity with a 1.6 microM activation constant. CYP1A2 ethoxyresorufin-O-dealkylase activity of the MK1A2_POR(Y181D) membranes, undetectable in the absence of added FMN, increased to 37% of MK1A2_POR(WT) membranes with a 1.2 microM FMN activation constant. Therefore, we conclude that compromised FMN binding is the specific molecular defect causing POR deficiency in patients with Y181D mutation and that this defect, in large part, can be overcome in vitro by FMN addition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher C Marohnic
- Department of Biochemistry, 7760, University of Texas Health Science Center, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bettie Sue Siler Masters
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas 78229, USA.
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Huber WJ, Marohnic CC, Peters M, Alam J, Reed JR, Masters BSS, Backes WL. Measurement of membrane-bound human heme oxygenase-1 activity using a chemically defined assay system. Drug Metab Dispos 2009; 37:857-64. [PMID: 19131520 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.108.025023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Heme oxygenase (HO) catalyzes heme degradation in a reaction requiring NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR). Although most studies with HO used a soluble 30-kDa form, lacking the C-terminal membrane-binding region, recent reports show that the catalytic behavior of this enzyme is very different if this domain is retained; the overall activity was elevated 5-fold, and the K(m) for CPR decreased approximately 50-fold. The goal of these studies was to accurately measure HO activity using a coupled assay containing purified biliverdin reductase (BVR). This allows measurement of bilirubin formation after incorporation of full-length CPR and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) into a membrane environment. When rat liver cytosol was used as the source of partially purified BVR, the reaction remained linear for 2 to 3 min; however, the reaction was only linear for 10 to 30 s when an equivalent amount of purified, human BVR (hBVR) was used. This lack of linearity was not observed with soluble HO-1. Optimal formation of bilirubin was achieved with concentrations of bovine serum albumin (0.25 mg/ml) and hBVR (0.025-0.05 microM), but neither supplement increased the time that the reaction remained linear. Various concentrations of superoxide dismutase had no effect on the reaction; however, when catalase was included, the reactions were linear for at least 4 to 5 min, even at high CPR levels. These results not only show that HO-1-generated hydrogen peroxide leads to a decrease in HO-1 activity but also provide for a chemically defined system to be used to examine the function of full-length HO-1 in a membrane environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Warren J Huber
- Department of Pharmacology and The Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 533 Bolivar Street, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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Masters BSS. The journey from NADPH-cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase to nitric oxide synthases. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2005; 338:507-19. [PMID: 16246311 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.09.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2005] [Accepted: 09/29/2005] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This mini-review will reflect the perspective of its author on two fields of research, which have merged as the result of the insights of investigators whose work has influenced both areas immeasurably. It cannot be overlooked, however, that the research activities of many during a period of over five decades have produced the chemical and biological bases for the exciting discoveries now encompassing the cytochromes P450 and their redox partners, and the three isoforms of nitric oxide synthase as they function in their respective biological milieux. Following the remarkable discovery that, indeed, molecular oxygen can be adducted to organic molecules by enzymatic systems and that such processes require a supply of reducing equivalents, it is the purpose of this review to provide a chart, with some of its detours, of the road that followed in the pursuit of interesting biological phenomena involving these two major oxygenation systems. It is not intended to be a balanced review and apologies must be offered in advance to those whose contributions may be overlooked or simply were not directly germane to the development of the author's journey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bettie Sue Siler Masters
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Texas 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA.
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Jáchymová M, Martásek P, Panda S, Roman LJ, Panda M, Shea TM, Ishimura Y, Kim JJP, Masters BSS. Recruitment of governing elements for electron transfer in the nitric oxide synthase family. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2005; 102:15833-8. [PMID: 16249336 PMCID: PMC1276075 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0506522102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
At least three building blocks are responsible for the molecular basis of the modulation of electron transfer in nitric oxide synthase (NOS) isoforms: the calmodulin-binding sequence, the C-terminal extension, and the autoregulatory loop in the reductase domain. We have attempted to impart the control conferred by the C termini of NOS to cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase (CYPOR), which contains none of these regulatory elements. The effect of these C termini on the properties of CYPOR sheds light on the possible evolutionary origin of NOS and addresses the recruitment of new peptides on the development of new functions for CYPOR. The C termini of NOSs modulate flavoprotein-mediated electron transfer to various electron acceptors. The reduction of the artificial electron acceptors cytochrome c, 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol, and ferricyanide was inhibited by the addition of any of these C termini to CYPOR, whereas the reduction of molecular O(2) was increased. This suggests a shift in the rate-limiting step, indicating that the NOS C termini interrupt electron flux between flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) and/or the electron acceptors. The modulation of CYPOR by the addition of the NOS C termini is also supported by flavin reoxidation and fluorescence-quenching studies and antibody recognition of the C-terminal extension. These experiments support the origin of the NOS enzymes from modules consisting of a heme domain and CYPOR or ferredoxin-NADP(+) reductase- and flavodoxin-like subdomains that constitute CYPOR, followed by further recruitment of smaller modulating elements into the flavin-binding domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Jáchymová
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA
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Roman LJ, McLain J, Masters BSS. Chimeric enzymes of cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase and neuronal nitric-oxide synthase reductase domain reveal structural and functional differences. J Biol Chem 2003; 278:25700-7. [PMID: 12730215 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m212309200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The nitric-oxide synthases (NOSs) are comprised of an oxygenase domain and a reductase domain bisected by a calmodulin (CaM) binding region. The NOS reductase domains share approximately 60% sequence similarity with the cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase (CYPOR), which transfers electrons to microsomal cytochromes P450. The crystal structure of the neuronal NOS (nNOS) connecting/FAD binding subdomains reveals that the structure of the nNOS-connecting subdomain diverges from that of CYPOR, implying different alignments of the flavins in the two enzymes. We created a series of chimeric enzymes between nNOS and CYPOR in which the FMN binding and the connecting/FAD binding subdomains are swapped. A chimera consisting of the nNOS heme domain and FMN binding subdomain and the CYPOR FAD binding subdomain catalyzed significantly increased rates of cytochrome c reduction in the absence of CaM and of NO synthesis in its presence. Cytochrome c reduction by this chimera was inhibited by CaM. Other chimeras consisting of the nNOS heme domain, the CYPOR FMN binding subdomain, and the nNOS FAD binding subdomain with or without the tail region also catalyzed cytochrome c reduction, were not modulated by CaM, and could not transfer electrons into the heme domain. A chimera consisting of the heme domain of nNOS and the reductase domain of CYPOR reduced cytochrome c and ferricyanide at rates 2-fold higher than that of native CYPOR, suggesting that the presence of the heme domain affected electron transfer through the reductase domain. These data demonstrate that the FMN subdomain of CYPOR cannot effectively substitute for that of nNOS, whereas the FAD subdomains are interchangeable. The differences among these chimeras most likely result from alterations in the alignment of the flavins within each enzyme construct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda J Roman
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas 78229-3900, USA.
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Zemojtel T, Scheele JS, Martásek P, Masters BSS, Sharma VS, Magde D. Role of the interdomain linker probed by kinetics of CO ligation to an endothelial nitric oxide synthase mutant lacking the calmodulin binding peptide (residues 503-517 in bovine). Biochemistry 2003; 42:6500-6. [PMID: 12767233 DOI: 10.1021/bi026886w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Oxygenase and reductase domains in nitric oxide synthase are linked by a peptide region that binds calmodulin. Here we study the effects of modifying the length of the interdomain linker in a deletion mutant lacking 15 amino acids (residues 503-517) in bovine eNOS. The kinetics of CO ligation with the mutant were determined in the presence and absence of tetrahydrobiopterin and arginine and compared with the CO binding kinetics of wild-type eNOS and the eNOS oxygenase domain. In the mutant, electron flow is interrupted. The association kinetics of CO with both mutant and wild-type eNOS can be approximated with two kinetic phases, but the relative proportions change in the mutant. Both the abrogation of electron flow in the mutant and the differences in CO binding may be explained by an alteration in the docking of the FMN domain to the heme domain. We propose that the calmodulin binding residues form a helix that is critical for the proper alignment of the adjacent reductase and oxygenase domains within the active eNOS dimer in achieving proper electron transfer between them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Zemojtel
- Departments of Pharmacology I and Medicine I, University of Freiburg, Germany
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Davydov R, Ledbetter-Rogers A, Martásek P, Larukhin M, Sono M, Dawson JH, Masters BSS, Hoffman BM. EPR and ENDOR characterization of intermediates in the cryoreduced oxy-nitric oxide synthase heme domain with bound L-arginine or N(G)-hydroxyarginine. Biochemistry 2002; 41:10375-81. [PMID: 12173923 DOI: 10.1021/bi0260637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Reconstitution of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase heme domain (NOS) with the catalytically noncompetent 4-aminotetrahydrobiopterin has allowed us to prepare at -40 degrees C the oxyferrous-NOS-substrate complexes of both L-arginine (Arg) and N(G)-hydroxyarginine (NOHA). We have radiolytically cryoreduced these complexes at 77 K and used EPR and ENDOR spectroscopies to characterize the initial products of reduction, as well as intermediates that arise during stepwise annealing to higher temperatures. Peroxo-ferri-NOS is the primary product of 77 K cryoreduction when either Arg or NOHA is the substrate. Proton ENDOR spectra of this state suggest that the peroxo group is H-bonded to a [guanidinium-water] network that forms because the binding of O2 to the ferroheme of NOS recruits H2O. At no stage of reaction/annealing does one observe an EPR signal from a hydroperoxo-ferri state with either substrate. Instead, peroxo-ferri-NOS-substrate complexes convert to a product-state intermediate at the extremely low temperature of 165-170 K. EPR and proton ENDOR spectra of the intermediate formed with Arg as substrate support the suggestion that the reaction involves the formation and attack of Compound I. Within the time/temperature resolution of the present experiments, samples with Arg and NOHA as substrate behave the same in the initial steps of cryoreduction/annealing, despite the different acid/base characteristics of the two substrates. This leads us to discuss the possibility that ambient-temperature catalytic conversion of both substrates is initiated by reduction of the oxy-ferroheme to the hydroperoxo-ferriheme through a coupled proton-electron transfer from a heme-pocket reductant, and that Arg may provide the stoichiometrically second proton of catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Davydov
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60201, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda J Roman
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
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Tierney DL, Huang H, Martásek P, Roman LJ, Silverman RB, Masters BSS, Hoffman BM. ENDOR Studies of l-Arginine and NG-Hydroxy- l-Arginine Bound to All Three Holo-Nitric Oxide Synthase Isozymes [ J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 122, 5405−5406]. J Am Chem Soc 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/ja004658o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Lee Y, Martasek P, Roman LJ, Masters BSS, Silverman RB. Corrigendum to “Imidazole-containing amino acids as selective inhibitors of nitric oxide synthases”. Bioorg Med Chem 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0968-0896(00)00059-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Tierney DL, Huang H, Martásek P, Roman LJ, Silverman RB, Masters BSS, Hoffman BM. ENDOR Studies ofl-Arginine andNG-Hydroxy-l-Arginine Bound to All Three Holo-Nitric Oxide Synthase Isozymes. J Am Chem Soc 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/ja993685f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Tierney DL, Martasek P, Doan PE, Siler Masters BS, Hoffman BM. Location of Guanidino Nitrogen of l-Arginine Substrate Bound to Neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase (nNOS): Determination by Q-band Pulsed ENDOR Spectroscopy. J Am Chem Soc 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/ja973648t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David L. Tierney
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60201 Department of Biochemistry The University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, Texas 78284-7760
| | - Pavel Martasek
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60201 Department of Biochemistry The University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, Texas 78284-7760
| | - Peter E. Doan
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60201 Department of Biochemistry The University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, Texas 78284-7760
| | - Bettie Sue Siler Masters
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60201 Department of Biochemistry The University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, Texas 78284-7760
| | - Brian M. Hoffman
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60201 Department of Biochemistry The University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, Texas 78284-7760
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Sono M, McMillan K, Roman LJ, Masters BSS, Dawson JH. Tetrahydrobiopterin requirement for spectral reconstitution of native intact neuronal no synthase from its separated oxygenase and reductase domains. J Inorg Biochem 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0162-0134(97)80015-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Muerhoff AS, Williams DE, Reich NO, CaJacob CA, Ortiz de Montellano PR, Masters BSS. Prostaglandin and Fatty Acid ω- and (ω-1)-Oxidation in Rabbit Lung. J Biol Chem 1989. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)85006-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Schacter BA, Nelson EB, Marver HS, Masters BSS. Immunochemical Evidence for an Association of Heme Oxygenase with the Microsomal Electron Transport System. J Biol Chem 1972. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)45183-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Masters BSS, Bilimoria MH, Kamin H, Gibson QH. The Mechanism of 1- and 2-Electron Transfers Catalyzed by Reduced Triphosphopyridine Nucleotide-Cytochrome c Reductase. J Biol Chem 1965. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)97152-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Masters BSS, Kamin H, Gibson QH, Williams CH. Studies on the Mechanism of Microsomal Triphosphopyridine Nucleotide-Cytochrome c Reductase. J Biol Chem 1965. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(17)45262-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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