1
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Kolli SK, Molina-Cruz A, Araki T, Geurten FJA, Ramesar J, Chevalley-Maurel S, Kroeze HJ, Bezemer S, de Korne C, Withers R, Raytselis N, El Hebieshy AF, Kim RQ, Child MA, Kakuta S, Hisaeda H, Kobayashi H, Annoura T, Hensbergen PJ, Franke-Fayard BM, Barillas-Mury C, Scheeren FA, Janse CJ. Malaria parasite evades mosquito immunity by glutaminyl cyclase-mediated posttranslational protein modification. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2209729119. [PMID: 35994647 PMCID: PMC9436314 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2209729119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutaminyl cyclase (QC) modifies N-terminal glutamine or glutamic acid residues of target proteins into cyclic pyroglutamic acid (pGlu). Here, we report the biochemical and functional analysis of Plasmodium QC. We show that sporozoites of QC-null mutants of rodent and human malaria parasites are recognized by the mosquito immune system and melanized when they reach the hemocoel. Detailed analyses of rodent malaria QC-null mutants showed that sporozoite numbers in salivary glands are reduced in mosquitoes infected with QC-null or QC catalytically dead mutants. This phenotype can be rescued by genetic complementation or by disrupting mosquito melanization or phagocytosis by hemocytes. Mutation of a single QC-target glutamine of the major sporozoite surface protein (circumsporozoite protein; CSP) of the rodent parasite Plasmodium berghei also results in melanization of sporozoites. These findings indicate that QC-mediated posttranslational modification of surface proteins underlies evasion of killing of sporozoites by the mosquito immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surendra Kumar Kolli
- Malaria Research Group, Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
| | - Alvaro Molina-Cruz
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Rockville, MD, 20852
| | - Tamasa Araki
- Department of Parasitology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Fiona J. A. Geurten
- Malaria Research Group, Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
| | - Jai Ramesar
- Malaria Research Group, Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
| | - Severine Chevalley-Maurel
- Malaria Research Group, Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
| | - Hans J. Kroeze
- Malaria Research Group, Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
| | - Sascha Bezemer
- Malaria Research Group, Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
| | - Clarize de Korne
- Malaria Research Group, Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
- Interventional Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
| | - Roxanne Withers
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Rockville, MD, 20852
| | - Nadia Raytselis
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Rockville, MD, 20852
| | - Angela F. El Hebieshy
- Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333 ZC, The Netherlands
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333 ZC, The Netherlands
| | - Robbert Q. Kim
- Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333 ZC, The Netherlands
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333 ZC, The Netherlands
| | - Matthew A. Child
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Soichiro Kakuta
- Laboratory of Morphology and Image Analysis, Research Support Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Hajime Hisaeda
- Department of Parasitology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Kobayashi
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjukuku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Takeshi Annoura
- Department of Parasitology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Paul J. Hensbergen
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
| | - Blandine M. Franke-Fayard
- Malaria Research Group, Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
| | - Carolina Barillas-Mury
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Rockville, MD, 20852
| | - Ferenc A. Scheeren
- Department of Dermatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2300 RC, The Netherlands
| | - Chris J. Janse
- Malaria Research Group, Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
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2
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Bindschedler A, Wacker R, Egli J, Eickel N, Schmuckli-Maurer J, Franke-Fayard BM, Janse CJ, Heussler VT. Plasmodium berghei sporozoites in nonreplicative vacuole are eliminated by a PI3P-mediated autophagy-independent pathway. Cell Microbiol 2020; 23:e13271. [PMID: 32979009 PMCID: PMC7757174 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.13271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The protozoan parasite Plasmodium, causative agent of malaria, invades hepatocytes by invaginating the host cell plasma membrane and forming a parasitophorous vacuole membrane (PVM). Surrounded by this PVM, the parasite undergoes extensive replication. Parasites inside a PVM provoke the Plasmodium‐associated autophagy‐related (PAAR) response. This is characterised by a long‐lasting association of the autophagy marker protein LC3 with the PVM, which is not preceded by phosphatidylinositol 3‐phosphate (PI3P)‐labelling. Prior to productive invasion, sporozoites transmigrate several cells and here we describe that a proportion of traversing sporozoites become trapped in a transient traversal vacuole, provoking a host cell response that clearly differs from the PAAR response. These trapped sporozoites provoke PI3P‐labelling of the surrounding vacuolar membrane immediately after cell entry, followed by transient LC3‐labelling and elimination of the parasite by lysosomal acidification. Our data suggest that this PI3P response is not only restricted to sporozoites trapped during transmigration but also affects invaded parasites residing in a compromised vacuole. Thus, host cells can employ a pathway distinct from the previously described PAAR response to efficiently recognise and eliminate Plasmodium parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annina Bindschedler
- Institute of Cell Biology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Rahel Wacker
- Institute of Cell Biology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jessica Egli
- Institute of Cell Biology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Nina Eickel
- Institute of Cell Biology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Blandine M Franke-Fayard
- Leiden malaria group, Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Chris J Janse
- Leiden malaria group, Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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3
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Dookie RS, Villegas-Mendez A, Kroeze H, Barrett JR, Draper SJ, Franke-Fayard BM, Janse CJ, MacDonald AS, Couper KN. Combinatorial Tim-3 and PD-1 activity sustains antigen-specific Th1 cell numbers during blood-stage malaria. Parasite Immunol 2020; 42:e12723. [PMID: 32306409 DOI: 10.1111/pim.12723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Co-inhibitory receptors play a major role in controlling the Th1 response during blood-stage malaria. Whilst PD-1 is viewed as the dominant co-inhibitory receptor restricting T cell responses, the roles of other such receptors in coordinating Th1 cell activity during malaria are poorly understood. METHODS AND RESULTS Here, we show that the co-inhibitory receptor Tim-3 is expressed on splenic antigen-specific T-bet+ (Th1) OT-II cells transiently during the early stage of infection with transgenic Plasmodium yoelii NL parasites expressing ovalbumin (P yoelii NL-OVA). We reveal that co-blockade of Tim-3 and PD-L1 during the acute phase of P yoelii NL infection did not improve the Th1 cell response but instead led to a specific reduction in the numbers of splenic Th1 OT-II cells. Combined blockade of Tim-3 and PD-L1 did elevate anti-parasite IgG antibody responses. Nevertheless, co-blockade of Tim-3 and PD-L1 did not affect IFN-γ production by OT-II cells and did not influence parasite control during P yoelii NL-OVA infection. CONCLUSION Thus, our results show that Tim-3 plays an unexpected combinatorial role with PD-1 in promoting and/ or sustaining a Th1 cell response during the early phase of blood-stage P. yoelii NL infection but combined blockade does not dramatically influence anti-parasite immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca S Dookie
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Ana Villegas-Mendez
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Hans Kroeze
- Leiden malaria group, Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Blandine M Franke-Fayard
- Leiden malaria group, Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Chris J Janse
- Leiden malaria group, Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Andrew S MacDonald
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Kevin N Couper
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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4
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Othman AS, Lin JW, Franke-Fayard BM, Kroeze H, van Pul FJA, Chevalley-Maurel S, Ramesar J, Marin-Mogollon C, Jore MM, Morin MJ, Long CA, Sauerwein R, Birkett A, Miura K, Janse CJ, Khan SM. Expression of full-length Plasmodium falciparum P48/45 in P. berghei blood stages: A method to express and evaluate vaccine antigens. Mol Biochem Parasitol 2018; 224:44-49. [PMID: 30053393 PMCID: PMC11040549 DOI: 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2018.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The transmission-blocking vaccine candidate Pfs48/45 from the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum is known to be difficult to express in heterologous systems, either as full-length protein or as correctly folded protein fragments that retain conformational epitopes. In this study we express full-length Pfs48/45 in the rodent parasite P. berghei. Pfs48/45 is expressed as a transgene under control of the strong P. berghei schizont-specific msp1 gene promoter (Pfs48/45@PbMSP1). Pfs48/45@PbMSP1 schizont-infected red blood cells produced full-length Pfs48/45 and the structural integrity of Pfs48/45 was confirmed using a panel of conformation-specific monoclonal antibodies that bind to different Pfs48/45 epitopes. Sera from mice immunized with transgenic Pfs48/45@PbMSP1 schizonts showed strong transmission-reducing activity in mosquitoes infected with P. falciparum using standard membrane feeding. These results demonstrate that transgenic rodent malaria parasites expressing human malaria antigens may be used as means to evaluate immunogenicity and functionality of difficult to express malaria vaccine candidate antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Syibli Othman
- Leiden Malaria Research Group, Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, The Netherlands; Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Jing-Wen Lin
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaboration Innovation Center, Chengdu, China
| | - Blandine M Franke-Fayard
- Leiden Malaria Research Group, Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Hans Kroeze
- Leiden Malaria Research Group, Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Fiona J A van Pul
- Leiden Malaria Research Group, Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Séverine Chevalley-Maurel
- Leiden Malaria Research Group, Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jai Ramesar
- Leiden Malaria Research Group, Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Catherin Marin-Mogollon
- Leiden Malaria Research Group, Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Matthijs M Jore
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Carole A Long
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Robert Sauerwein
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Kazutoyo Miura
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Chris J Janse
- Leiden Malaria Research Group, Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Shahid M Khan
- Leiden Malaria Research Group, Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, The Netherlands.
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5
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Othman AS, Franke-Fayard BM, Imai T, van der Gracht ETI, Redeker A, Salman AM, Marin-Mogollon C, Ramesar J, Chevalley-Maurel S, Janse CJ, Arens R, Khan SM. OX40 Stimulation Enhances Protective Immune Responses Induced After Vaccination With Attenuated Malaria Parasites. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2018; 8:247. [PMID: 30073152 PMCID: PMC6060232 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2018.00247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Protection against a malaria infection can be achieved by immunization with live-attenuated Plasmodium sporozoites and while the precise mechanisms of protection remain unknown, T cell responses are thought to be critical in the elimination of infected liver cells. In cancer immunotherapies, agonistic antibodies that target T cell surface proteins, such as CD27, OX40 (CD134), and 4-1BB (CD137), have been used to enhance T cell function by increasing co-stimulation. In this study, we have analyzed the effect of agonistic OX40 monoclonal antibody treatment on protective immunity induced in mice immunized with genetically attenuated parasites (GAPs). OX40 stimulation enhanced protective immunity after vaccination as shown by an increase in the number of protected mice and delay to blood-stage infection after challenge with wild-type sporozoites. Consistent with the enhanced protective immunity enforced OX40 stimulation resulted in an increased expansion of antigen-experienced effector (CD11ahiCD44hi) CD8+ and CD4+ T cells in the liver and spleen and also increased IFN-γ and TNF producing CD4+ T cells in the liver and spleen. In addition, GAP immunization plus α-OX40 treatment significantly increased sporozoite-specific IgG responses. Thus, we demonstrate that targeting T cell costimulatory receptors can improve sporozoite-based vaccine efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Syibli Othman
- Leiden Malaria Research Group, Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.,Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Blandine M Franke-Fayard
- Leiden Malaria Research Group, Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Takashi Imai
- Leiden Malaria Research Group, Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Esmé T I van der Gracht
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Anke Redeker
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Ahmed M Salman
- Leiden Malaria Research Group, Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.,The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Catherin Marin-Mogollon
- Leiden Malaria Research Group, Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Jai Ramesar
- Leiden Malaria Research Group, Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | | | - Chris J Janse
- Leiden Malaria Research Group, Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Ramon Arens
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Shahid M Khan
- Leiden Malaria Research Group, Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
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6
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Othman AS, Marin-Mogollon C, Salman AM, Franke-Fayard BM, Janse CJ, Khan SM. The use of transgenic parasites in malaria vaccine research. Expert Rev Vaccines 2017; 16:1-13. [DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2017.1333426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Syibli Othman
- Leiden Malaria Research Group, Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Catherin Marin-Mogollon
- Leiden Malaria Research Group, Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Blandine M. Franke-Fayard
- Leiden Malaria Research Group, Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Chris J. Janse
- Leiden Malaria Research Group, Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Shahid M. Khan
- Leiden Malaria Research Group, Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands
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7
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van der Velden M, Rijpma SR, Verweij V, van Gemert GJ, Chevalley-Maurel S, van de Vegte-Bolmer M, Franke-Fayard BM, Russel FGM, Janse CJ, Sauerwein RW, Koenderink JB. Protective Efficacy Induced by Genetically Attenuated Mid-to-Late Liver-Stage Arresting Plasmodium berghei Δmrp2 Parasites. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2016; 95:378-82. [PMID: 27296385 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.16-0226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Whole parasite immunization strategies employing genetically attenuated parasites (GAP), which arrest during liver-stage development, have been applied successfully for induction of sterile malaria protection in rodents. Recently, we generated a Plasmodium berghei GAP-lacking expression of multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP2) (PbΔmrp2) that was capable of partial schizogony in hepatocytes but showed complete growth arrest. Here, we investigated the protective efficacy after intravenous (IV) immunization of BALB/c and C57BL/6J mice with PbΔmrp2 sporozoites. Low-dose immunization using 400 PbΔmrp2 sporozoites induced 100% sterile protection in BALB/c mice after IV challenge with 10,000 wild-type sporozoites. In addition, almost full protection (90%) was obtained after three immunizations with 10,000 sporozoites in C57BL/6J mice. Parasite liver loads in nonprotected PbΔmrp2-challenged C57BL/6J mice were reduced by 86% ± 5% on average compared with naive control mice. The mid-to-late arresting PbΔmrp2 GAP was equipotent in induction of protective immunity to the early arresting PbΔb9Δslarp GAP. The combined data support a clear basis for further exploration of Plasmodium falciparum parasites lacking mrp2 as a suitable GAP vaccine candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maarten van der Velden
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Sanna R Rijpma
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Vivienne Verweij
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Geert-Jan van Gemert
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Séverine Chevalley-Maurel
- Leiden Malaria Research Group, Department of Parasitology, Center of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Blandine M Franke-Fayard
- Leiden Malaria Research Group, Department of Parasitology, Center of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Frans G M Russel
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Chris J Janse
- Leiden Malaria Research Group, Department of Parasitology, Center of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Robert W Sauerwein
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan B Koenderink
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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8
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Rijpma SR, van der Velden M, Annoura T, Matz JM, Kenthirapalan S, Kooij TWA, Matuschewski K, van Gemert GJ, van de Vegte-Bolmer M, Siebelink-Stoter R, Graumans W, Ramesar J, Klop O, Russel FGM, Sauerwein RW, Janse CJ, Franke-Fayard BM, Koenderink JB. Vital and dispensable roles of Plasmodium multidrug resistance transporters during blood- and mosquito-stage development. Mol Microbiol 2016; 101:78-91. [PMID: 26991313 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.13373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) proteins belong to the B subfamily of the ATP Binding Cassette (ABC) transporters, which export a wide range of compounds including pharmaceuticals. In this study, we used reverse genetics to study the role of all seven Plasmodium MDR proteins during the life cycle of malaria parasites. Four P. berghei genes (encoding MDR1, 4, 6 and 7) were refractory to deletion, indicating a vital role during blood stage multiplication and validating them as potential targets for antimalarial drugs. Mutants lacking expression of MDR2, MDR3 and MDR5 were generated in both P. berghei and P. falciparum, indicating a dispensable role for blood stage development. Whereas P. berghei mutants lacking MDR3 and MDR5 had a reduced blood stage multiplication in vivo, blood stage growth of P. falciparum mutants in vitro was not significantly different. Oocyst maturation and sporozoite formation in Plasmodium mutants lacking MDR2 or MDR5 was reduced. Sporozoites of these P. berghei mutants were capable of infecting mice and life cycle completion, indicating the absence of vital roles during liver stage development. Our results demonstrate vital and dispensable roles of MDR proteins during blood stages and an important function in sporogony for MDR2 and MDR5 in both Plasmodium species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanna R Rijpma
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert-Grooteplein 28, 6525, GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten van der Velden
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert-Grooteplein 28, 6525, GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Takeshi Annoura
- Department of Tropical Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Post code 105-8461 Nishi-shinbashi 3-25-8, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Joachim M Matz
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert-Grooteplein 28, 6525, GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Sanketha Kenthirapalan
- Parasitology Unit, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Taco W A Kooij
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert-Grooteplein 28, 6525, GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Centre for Molecular and Biomolecular Informatics, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert-Grooteplein 28, 6525, GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Kai Matuschewski
- Parasitology Unit, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany.,Institute of Biology, Humboldt University, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Geert-Jan van Gemert
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert-Grooteplein 28, 6525, GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marga van de Vegte-Bolmer
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert-Grooteplein 28, 6525, GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Rianne Siebelink-Stoter
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert-Grooteplein 28, 6525, GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter Graumans
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert-Grooteplein 28, 6525, GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jai Ramesar
- Leiden Malaria Research Group, Parasitology, Center of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Albinusdreef 2, 2333, ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Onny Klop
- Leiden Malaria Research Group, Parasitology, Center of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Albinusdreef 2, 2333, ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Frans G M Russel
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert-Grooteplein 28, 6525, GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Robert W Sauerwein
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert-Grooteplein 28, 6525, GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Chris J Janse
- Leiden Malaria Research Group, Parasitology, Center of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Albinusdreef 2, 2333, ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Blandine M Franke-Fayard
- Leiden Malaria Research Group, Parasitology, Center of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Albinusdreef 2, 2333, ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jan B Koenderink
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert-Grooteplein 28, 6525, GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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9
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Rijpma SR, van der Velden M, González-Pons M, Annoura T, van Schaijk BCL, van Gemert GJ, van den Heuvel JJMW, Ramesar J, Chevalley-Maurel S, Ploemen IH, Khan SM, Franetich JF, Mazier D, de Wilt JHW, Serrano AE, Russel FGM, Janse CJ, Sauerwein RW, Koenderink JB, Franke-Fayard BM. Multidrug ATP-binding cassette transporters are essential for hepatic development of Plasmodium sporozoites. Cell Microbiol 2015; 18:369-83. [PMID: 26332724 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.12517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Revised: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance-associated proteins (MRPs) belong to the C-family of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transport proteins and are known to transport a variety of physiologically important compounds and to be involved in the extrusion of pharmaceuticals. Rodent malaria parasites encode a single ABC transporter subfamily C protein, whereas human parasites encode two: MRP1 and MRP2. Although associated with drug resistance, their biological function and substrates remain unknown. To elucidate the role of MRP throughout the parasite life cycle, Plasmodium berghei and Plasmodium falciparum mutants lacking MRP expression were generated. P. berghei mutants lacking expression of the single MRP as well as P. falciparum mutants lacking MRP1, MRP2 or both proteins have similar blood stage growth kinetics and drug-sensitivity profiles as wild type parasites. We show that MRP1-deficient parasites readily invade primary human hepatocytes and develop into mature liver stages. In contrast, both P. falciparum MRP2-deficient parasites and P. berghei mutants lacking MRP protein expression abort in mid to late liver stage development, failing to produce mature liver stages. The combined P. berghei and P. falciparum data are the first demonstration of a critical role of an ABC transporter during Plasmodium liver stage development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanna R Rijpma
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Geert-Grooteplein 28, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten van der Velden
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Geert-Grooteplein 28, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Maria González-Pons
- Department of Microbiology and Medical Zoology, University of Puerto Rico, School of Medicine, PR 00936-5067, San Juan, Puerto Rico, USA
| | - Takeshi Annoura
- Department of Tropical Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Post code 105-8461, Nishi-shinbashi 3-25-8, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ben C L van Schaijk
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Geert-Grooteplein 28, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Geert-Jan van Gemert
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Geert-Grooteplein 28, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen J M W van den Heuvel
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Geert-Grooteplein 28, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jai Ramesar
- Department of Parasitology, Center of Infectious Diseases, Leiden Malaria Research Group, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Severine Chevalley-Maurel
- Department of Parasitology, Center of Infectious Diseases, Leiden Malaria Research Group, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ivo H Ploemen
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Geert-Grooteplein 28, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Shahid M Khan
- Department of Tropical Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Post code 105-8461, Nishi-shinbashi 3-25-8, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jean-Francois Franetich
- AP-HP, Groupe hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service Parasitologie-Mycologie, 47-83 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75651, Paris, France
| | - Dominique Mazier
- AP-HP, Groupe hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service Parasitologie-Mycologie, 47-83 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75651, Paris, France.,CIMI-Paris (UPMC UMRS CR7 - Inserm U1135 - CNRS ERL 8255), Paris, France
| | - Johannes H W de Wilt
- Department of Surgery, Radboud University Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein 10, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Adelfa E Serrano
- Department of Microbiology and Medical Zoology, University of Puerto Rico, School of Medicine, PR 00936-5067, San Juan, Puerto Rico, USA
| | - Frans G M Russel
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Geert-Grooteplein 28, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Chris J Janse
- Department of Parasitology, Center of Infectious Diseases, Leiden Malaria Research Group, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Robert W Sauerwein
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Geert-Grooteplein 28, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan B Koenderink
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Geert-Grooteplein 28, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Blandine M Franke-Fayard
- Department of Parasitology, Center of Infectious Diseases, Leiden Malaria Research Group, Leiden, The Netherlands
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10
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Goodman AL, Forbes EK, Williams AR, Douglas AD, de Cassan SC, Bauza K, Biswas S, Dicks MDJ, Llewellyn D, Moore AC, Janse CJ, Franke-Fayard BM, Gilbert SC, Hill AVS, Pleass RJ, Draper SJ. The utility of Plasmodium berghei as a rodent model for anti-merozoite malaria vaccine assessment. Sci Rep 2013; 3:1706. [PMID: 23609325 PMCID: PMC3632886 DOI: 10.1038/srep01706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2013] [Accepted: 04/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Rodent malaria species Plasmodium yoelii and P. chabaudi have been widely used to validate vaccine approaches targeting blood-stage merozoite antigens. However, increasing data suggest the P. berghei rodent malaria may be able to circumvent vaccine-induced anti-merozoite responses. Here we confirm a failure to protect against P. berghei, despite successful antibody induction against leading merozoite antigens using protein-in-adjuvant or viral vectored vaccine delivery. No subunit vaccine approach showed efficacy in mice following immunization and challenge with the wild-type P. berghei strains ANKA or NK65, or against a chimeric parasite line encoding a merozoite antigen from P. falciparum. Protection was not improved in knockout mice lacking the inhibitory Fc receptor CD32b, nor against a Δsmac P. berghei parasite line with a non-sequestering phenotype. An improved understanding of the mechanisms responsible for protection, or failure of protection, against P. berghei merozoites could guide the development of an efficacious vaccine against P. falciparum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna L Goodman
- The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK.
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11
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Ramakrishnan C, Rademacher A, Soichot J, Costa G, Waters AP, Janse CJ, Ramesar J, Franke-Fayard BM, Levashina EA. Salivary gland-specific P. berghei reporter lines enable rapid evaluation of tissue-specific sporozoite loads in mosquitoes. PLoS One 2012; 7:e36376. [PMID: 22574152 PMCID: PMC3344870 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0036376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2011] [Accepted: 04/04/2012] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Malaria is a life-threatening human infectious disease transmitted by mosquitoes. Levels of the salivary gland sporozoites (sgs), the only mosquito stage infectious to a mammalian host, represent an important cumulative index of Plasmodium development within a mosquito. However, current techniques of sgs quantification are laborious and imprecise. Here, transgenic P. berghei reporter lines that produce the green fluorescent protein fused to luciferase (GFP-LUC) specifically in sgs were generated, verified and characterised. Fluorescence microscopy confirmed the sgs stage specificity of expression of the reporter gene. The luciferase activity of the reporter lines was then exploited to establish a simple and fast biochemical assay to evaluate sgs loads in whole mosquitoes. Using this assay we successfully identified differences in sgs loads in mosquitoes silenced for genes that display opposing effects on P. berghei ookinete/oocyst development. It offers a new powerful tool to study infectivity of P. berghei to the mosquito, including analysis of vector-parasite interactions and evaluation of transmission-blocking vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandra Ramakrishnan
- CNRS UPR9022, INSERM U963, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Annika Rademacher
- CNRS UPR9022, INSERM U963, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Julien Soichot
- CNRS UPR9022, INSERM U963, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Giulia Costa
- CNRS UPR9022, INSERM U963, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Andrew P. Waters
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Faculty of Biomedical Life Sciences, and Wellcome Centre for Molecular Parasitology, Glasgow Biomedical Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Chris J. Janse
- Leiden Malaria Research Group, Department of Parasitology, Center for Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jai Ramesar
- Leiden Malaria Research Group, Department of Parasitology, Center for Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Blandine M. Franke-Fayard
- Leiden Malaria Research Group, Department of Parasitology, Center for Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Elena A. Levashina
- CNRS UPR9022, INSERM U963, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- * E-mail:
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12
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Abstract
The gene pepV, encoding a dipeptidase from Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris MG1363, was identified in a genomic library in pUC19 in a peptidase-deficient Escherichia coli strain and subsequently sequenced. PepV of L. lactis is enzymatically active in E. coli and hydrolyzes a broad range of dipeptides but no tri-, tetra-, or larger oligopeptides. Northern (RNA) and primer extension analyses indicate that pepV is a monocistronic transcriptional unit starting 24 bases upstream of the AUG translational start codon. The dipeptidase of L. lactis was shown to be similar to the dipeptidase encoded by pepV of L. delbrueckii subsp. lactis, with 46% identity in the deduced amino acid sequences. A PepV-negative mutant of L. lactis was constructed by single-crossover recombination. Growth of the mutant strain in milk was significantly slower than that of the wild type, but the strains ultimately reached the same final cell densities.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Hellendoorn
- Department of Genetics, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Haren, The Netherlands
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