1
|
Henick BS, Herzberg BO, Concepcion-Crisol CP, Taylor AM. Controlled Chaos: Parsing Acquired Immunoresistance in Lung Cancer. J Clin Oncol 2024; 42:1211-1214. [PMID: 38422476 DOI: 10.1200/jco.23.02339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Brian S Henick
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, New York, NY
- Division of Hematology/Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Benjamin O Herzberg
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, New York, NY
- Division of Hematology/Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Carla P Concepcion-Crisol
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, New York, NY
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Alison M Taylor
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, New York, NY
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rappaport AR, Kyi C, Lane M, Hart MG, Johnson ML, Henick BS, Liao CY, Mahipal A, Shergill A, Spira AI, Goldman JW, Scallan CD, Schenk D, Palmer CD, Davis MJ, Kounlavouth S, Kemp L, Yang A, Li YJ, Likes M, Shen A, Boucher GR, Egorova M, Veres RL, Espinosa JA, Jaroslavsky JR, Kraemer Tardif LD, Acrebuche L, Puccia C, Sousa L, Zhou R, Bae K, Hecht JR, Carbone DP, Johnson B, Allen A, Ferguson AR, Jooss K. A shared neoantigen vaccine combined with immune checkpoint blockade for advanced metastatic solid tumors: phase 1 trial interim results. Nat Med 2024; 30:1013-1022. [PMID: 38538867 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-024-02851-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Therapeutic vaccines that elicit cytotoxic T cell responses targeting tumor-specific neoantigens hold promise for providing long-term clinical benefit to patients with cancer. Here we evaluated safety and tolerability of a therapeutic vaccine encoding 20 shared neoantigens derived from selected common oncogenic driver mutations as primary endpoints in an ongoing phase 1/2 study in patients with advanced/metastatic solid tumors. Secondary endpoints included immunogenicity, overall response rate, progression-free survival and overall survival. Eligible patients were selected if their tumors expressed one of the human leukocyte antigen-matched tumor mutations included in the vaccine, with the majority of patients (18/19) harboring a mutation in KRAS. The vaccine regimen, consisting of a chimp adenovirus (ChAd68) and self-amplifying mRNA (samRNA) in combination with the immune checkpoint inhibitors ipilimumab and nivolumab, was shown to be well tolerated, with observed treatment-related adverse events consistent with acute inflammation expected with viral vector-based vaccines and immune checkpoint blockade, the majority grade 1/2. Two patients experienced grade 3/4 serious treatment-related adverse events that were also dose-limiting toxicities. The overall response rate was 0%, and median progression-free survival and overall survival were 1.9 months and 7.9 months, respectively. T cell responses were biased toward human leukocyte antigen-matched TP53 neoantigens encoded in the vaccine relative to KRAS neoantigens expressed by the patients' tumors, indicating a previously unknown hierarchy of neoantigen immunodominance that may impact the therapeutic efficacy of multiepitope shared neoantigen vaccines. These data led to the development of an optimized vaccine exclusively targeting KRAS-derived neoantigens that is being evaluated in a subset of patients in phase 2 of the clinical study. ClinicalTrials.gov registration: NCT03953235 .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Chrisann Kyi
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | - Brian S Henick
- Columbia University Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chih-Yi Liao
- University of Chicago Medical Center and Biological Sciences, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Ardaman Shergill
- University of Chicago Medical Center and Biological Sciences, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - David P Carbone
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hu X, Bukhari SM, Tymm C, Adam K, Lerrer S, Henick BS, Winchester RJ, Mor A. Inhibition of IL-25/IL-17RA improves immune-related adverse events of checkpoint inhibitors and reveals antitumor activity. J Immunother Cancer 2024; 12:e008482. [PMID: 38519059 PMCID: PMC10961528 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2023-008482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have improved outcomes and extended patient survival in several tumor types. However, ICIs often induce immune-related adverse events (irAEs) that warrant therapy cessation, thereby limiting the overall effectiveness of this class of therapeutic agents. Currently, available therapies used to treat irAEs might also blunt the antitumor activity of the ICI themselves. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify treatments that have the potential to be administered alongside ICI to optimize their use. METHODS Using a translationally relevant murine model of anti-PD-1 and anti-CTLA-4 antibodies-induced irAEs, we compared the safety and efficacy of prednisolone, anti-IL-6, anti-TNFɑ, anti-IL-25 (IL-17E), and anti-IL-17RA (the receptor for IL-25) administration to prevent irAEs and to reduce tumor size. RESULTS While all interventions were adequate to inhibit the onset of irAEs pneumonitis and hepatitis, treatment with anti-IL-25 or anti-IL-17RA antibodies also exerted additional antitumor activity. Mechanistically, IL-25/IL-17RA blockade reduced the number of organ-infiltrating lymphocytes. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that IL-25/IL-17RA may serve as an additional target when treating ICI-responsive tumors, allowing for better tumor control while suppressing immune-related toxicities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xizi Hu
- Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Shoiab M Bukhari
- Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Carly Tymm
- Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kieran Adam
- Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Shalom Lerrer
- Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Brian S Henick
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Robert J Winchester
- Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
- Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Adam Mor
- Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
- Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Cheng X, Henick BS, Cheng K. Anticancer Therapy Targeting Cancer-Derived Extracellular Vesicles. ACS Nano 2024; 18:6748-6765. [PMID: 38393984 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c06462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are natural lipid nanoparticles secreted by most types of cells. In malignant cancer, EVs derived from cancer cells contribute to its progression and metastasis by facilitating tumor growth and invasion, interfering with anticancer immunity, and establishing premetastasis niches in distant organs. In recent years, multiple strategies targeting cancer-derived EVs have been proposed to improve cancer patient outcomes, including inhibiting EV generation, disrupting EVs during trafficking, and blocking EV uptake by recipient cells. Developments in EV engineering also show promising results in harnessing cancer-derived EVs as anticancer agents. Here, we summarize the current understanding of the origin and functions of cancer-derived EVs and review the recent progress in anticancer therapy targeting these EVs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Cheng
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- Joint Department of Biomedical EngineeringNorth Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, United States
| | - Brian S Henick
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, United States
| | - Ke Cheng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Straube J, Bukhari S, Lerrer S, Winchester RJ, Gartshteyn Y, Henick BS, Dragovich MA, Mor A. PD-1 signaling uncovers a pathogenic subset of T cells in inflammatory arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther 2024; 26:32. [PMID: 38254179 PMCID: PMC10801937 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-023-03259-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND PD-1 is an immune checkpoint on T cells, and interventions to block this receptor result in T cell activation and enhanced immune response to tumors and pathogens. Reciprocally, despite a decade of research, approaches to treat autoimmunity with PD-1 agonists have only had limited successful. To resolve this, new methods must be developed to augment PD-1 function beyond engaging the receptor. METHODS We conducted a flow cytometry analysis of T cells isolated from the peripheral blood and synovial fluid of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. In addition, we performed a genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 screen to identify genes associated with PD-1 signaling. We further analyzed genes involved in PD-1 signaling using publicly available bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing datasets. RESULTS Our screen confirmed known regulators in proximal PD-1 signaling and, importantly, identified an additional 1112 unique genes related to PD-1 ability to inhibit T cell functions. These genes were strongly associated with the response of cancer patients to PD-1 blockades and with high tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion scores, confirming their role downstream of PD-1. Functional annotation revealed that the most significant genes uncovered were those associated with known immune regulation processes. Remarkably, these genes were considerably downregulated in T cells isolated from patients with inflammatory arthritis, supporting their overall inhibitory functions. A study of rheumatoid arthritis single-cell RNA sequencing data demonstrated that five genes, KLRG1, CRTAM, SLAMF7, PTPN2, and KLRD1, were downregulated in activated and effector T cells isolated from synovial fluids. Backgating these genes to canonical cytotoxic T cell signatures revealed PD-1+ HLA-DRHIGH KLRG1LOW T cells as a novel inflammatory subset of T cells. CONCLUSIONS We concluded that PD-1+ HLA-DRHIGH KLRG1LOW T cells are a potential target for future PD-1 agonists to treat inflammatory diseases. Our study uncovers new genes associated with PD-1 downstream functions and, therefore, provides a comprehensive resource for additional studies that are much needed to characterize the role of PD-1 in the synovial subset of T cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Straube
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, 650 W 168 St. BB-1701F, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06099, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Shoiab Bukhari
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, 650 W 168 St. BB-1701F, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Shalom Lerrer
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, 650 W 168 St. BB-1701F, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Robert J Winchester
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, 650 W 168 St. BB-1701F, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Yevgeniya Gartshteyn
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Brian S Henick
- Herbert Irving Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Matthew A Dragovich
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, 650 W 168 St. BB-1701F, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Adam Mor
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, 650 W 168 St. BB-1701F, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
- Herbert Irving Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Dercle L, Yang M, Gönen M, Flynn J, Moskowitz CS, Connors DE, Yang H, Lu L, Reidy-Lagunes D, Fojo T, Karovic S, Zhao B, Schwartz LH, Henick BS. Ethnic diversity in treatment response for colorectal cancer: proof of concept for radiomics-driven enrichment trials. Eur Radiol 2023; 33:9254-9261. [PMID: 37368111 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-023-09862-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several barriers hamper recruitment of diverse patient populations in multicenter clinical trials which determine efficacy of new systemic cancer therapies. PURPOSE We assessed if quantitative analysis of computed tomography (CT) scans of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients using imaging features that predict overall survival (OS) can unravel the association between ethnicity and efficacy. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed CT images from 1584 mCRC patients in two phase III trials evaluating FOLFOX ± panitumumab (n = 331, 350) and FOLFIRI ± aflibercept (n = 437, 466) collected from August 2006 to March 2013. Primary and secondary endpoints compared RECIST1.1 response at month-2 and delta tumor volume at month-2, respectively. An ancillary study compared imaging phenotype using a peer-reviewed radiomics-signature combining 3 imaging features to predict OS landmarked from month-2. Analysis was stratified by ethnicity. RESULTS In total, 1584 patients were included (mean age, 60.25 ± 10.57 years; 969 men). Ethnicity was as follows: African (n = 50, 3.2%), Asian (n = 66, 4.2%), Caucasian (n = 1413, 89.2%), Latino (n = 27, 1.7%), Other (n = 28, 1.8%). Overall baseline tumor volume demonstrated Africans and Caucasians had more advanced disease (p < 0.001). Ethnicity was associated with treatment response. Response per RECIST1.1 at month-2 was distinct between ethnicities (p = 0.048) with higher response rate (55.6%) in Latinos. Overall delta tumor volume at month-2 demonstrated that Latino patients more likely experienced response to treatment (p = 0.021). Radiomics phenotype was also distinct in terms of tumor radiomics heterogeneity (p = 0.023). CONCLUSION This study highlights how clinical trials that inadequately represent minority groups may impact associated translational work. In appropriately powered studies, radiomics features may allow us to unravel associations between ethnicity and treatment efficacy, better elucidate mechanisms of resistance, and promote diversity in trials through predictive enrichment. CLINICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT Radiomics could promote clinical trial diversity through predictive enrichment, hence benefit to historically underrepresented racial/ethnic groups that may respond variably to treatment due to socioeconomic factors and built environment, collectively referred to as social determinants of health. KEY POINTS •Findings indicate ethnicity was associated with treatment response across all 3 endpoints. First, response per RECIST1.1 at month-2 was distinct between ethnicities (p = 0.048) with higher response rate (55.6%) in Latinos. •Second, the overall delta tumor volume at month-2 demonstrated that Latino patients were more likely to experience response to treatment (p = 0.021). Radiomics phenotype was also distinct in terms of tumor radiomics heterogeneity (p = 0.023).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Dercle
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center and New York Presbyterian Hospital, 710 West 168th St, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
| | - Melissa Yang
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center and New York Presbyterian Hospital, 710 West 168th St, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Mithat Gönen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Jessica Flynn
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Chaya S Moskowitz
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Dana E Connors
- Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (FNIH), 11400 Rockville Pike, Suite 600, North Bethesda, MD, 20852, USA
| | - Hao Yang
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center and New York Presbyterian Hospital, 710 West 168th St, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Lin Lu
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center and New York Presbyterian Hospital, 710 West 168th St, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Diane Reidy-Lagunes
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Tito Fojo
- Columbia University Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, 161 Fort Washington Ave, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Sanja Karovic
- Inova Center for Personalized Health and Schar Cancer Institute, 8100 Innovation Park Dr, Fairfax, VA, 22031, USA
- University of Virginia Cancer Center, 1240 Lee St, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA
| | - Binsheng Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center and New York Presbyterian Hospital, 710 West 168th St, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Lawrence H Schwartz
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center and New York Presbyterian Hospital, 710 West 168th St, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Brian S Henick
- Columbia University Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, 161 Fort Washington Ave, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mundi PS, Dela Cruz FS, Grunn A, Diolaiti D, Mauguen A, Rainey AR, Guillan K, Siddiquee A, You D, Realubit R, Karan C, Ortiz MV, Douglass EF, Accordino M, Mistretta S, Brogan F, Bruce JN, Caescu CI, Carvajal RD, Crew KD, Decastro G, Heaney M, Henick BS, Hershman DL, Hou JY, Iwamoto FM, Jurcic JG, Kiran RP, Kluger MD, Kreisl T, Lamanna N, Lassman AB, Lim EA, Manji GA, McKhann GM, McKiernan JM, Neugut AI, Olive KP, Rosenblat T, Schwartz GK, Shu CA, Sisti MB, Tergas A, Vattakalam RM, Welch M, Wenske S, Wright JD, Hibshoosh H, Kalinsky K, Aburi M, Sims PA, Alvarez MJ, Kung AL, Califano A. A Transcriptome-Based Precision Oncology Platform for Patient-Therapy Alignment in a Diverse Set of Treatment-Resistant Malignancies. Cancer Discov 2023; 13:1386-1407. [PMID: 37061969 PMCID: PMC10239356 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-22-1020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
Predicting in vivo response to antineoplastics remains an elusive challenge. We performed a first-of-kind evaluation of two transcriptome-based precision cancer medicine methodologies to predict tumor sensitivity to a comprehensive repertoire of clinically relevant oncology drugs, whose mechanism of action we experimentally assessed in cognate cell lines. We enrolled patients with histologically distinct, poor-prognosis malignancies who had progressed on multiple therapies, and developed low-passage, patient-derived xenograft models that were used to validate 35 patient-specific drug predictions. Both OncoTarget, which identifies high-affinity inhibitors of individual master regulator (MR) proteins, and OncoTreat, which identifies drugs that invert the transcriptional activity of hyperconnected MR modules, produced highly significant 30-day disease control rates (68% and 91%, respectively). Moreover, of 18 OncoTreat-predicted drugs, 15 induced the predicted MR-module activity inversion in vivo. Predicted drugs significantly outperformed antineoplastic drugs selected as unpredicted controls, suggesting these methods may substantively complement existing precision cancer medicine approaches, as also illustrated by a case study. SIGNIFICANCE Complementary precision cancer medicine paradigms are needed to broaden the clinical benefit realized through genetic profiling and immunotherapy. In this first-in-class application, we introduce two transcriptome-based tumor-agnostic systems biology tools to predict drug response in vivo. OncoTarget and OncoTreat are scalable for the design of basket and umbrella clinical trials. This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1275.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prabhjot S. Mundi
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1130 Saint Nicholas Ave, New York, NY USA 10032
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1130 Saint Nicholas Ave, New York, NY USA 10032
| | - Filemon S. Dela Cruz
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY USA 10065
| | - Adina Grunn
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1130 Saint Nicholas Ave, New York, NY USA 10032
| | - Daniel Diolaiti
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY USA 10065
| | - Audrey Mauguen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY USA 10065
| | - Allison R. Rainey
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY USA 10065
| | - Kristina Guillan
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY USA 10065
| | - Armaan Siddiquee
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY USA 10065
| | - Daoqi You
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY USA 10065
| | - Ronald Realubit
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1130 Saint Nicholas Ave, New York, NY USA 10032
| | - Charles Karan
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1130 Saint Nicholas Ave, New York, NY USA 10032
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1130 Saint Nicholas Ave, New York, NY USA 10032
| | - Michael V. Ortiz
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY USA 10065
| | - Eugene F. Douglass
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1130 Saint Nicholas Ave, New York, NY USA 10032
| | - Melissa Accordino
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1130 Saint Nicholas Ave, New York, NY USA 10032
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630 W 168th Street, New York, NY USA 10032
| | - Suzanne Mistretta
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1130 Saint Nicholas Ave, New York, NY USA 10032
| | - Frances Brogan
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1130 Saint Nicholas Ave, New York, NY USA 10032
| | - Jeffrey N. Bruce
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1130 Saint Nicholas Ave, New York, NY USA 10032
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 710 W 168th Street, New York, NY USA 10032
| | - Cristina I. Caescu
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1130 Saint Nicholas Ave, New York, NY USA 10032
| | - Richard D. Carvajal
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1130 Saint Nicholas Ave, New York, NY USA 10032
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630 W 168th Street, New York, NY USA 10032
| | - Katherine D Crew
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1130 Saint Nicholas Ave, New York, NY USA 10032
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630 W 168th Street, New York, NY USA 10032
| | - Guarionex Decastro
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1130 Saint Nicholas Ave, New York, NY USA 10032
- Department of Urology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 160 Fort Washington Ave, New York, NY USA 10032
| | - Mark Heaney
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1130 Saint Nicholas Ave, New York, NY USA 10032
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630 W 168th Street, New York, NY USA 10032
| | - Brian S Henick
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1130 Saint Nicholas Ave, New York, NY USA 10032
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630 W 168th Street, New York, NY USA 10032
| | - Dawn L Hershman
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1130 Saint Nicholas Ave, New York, NY USA 10032
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630 W 168th Street, New York, NY USA 10032
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 722 West 168th St. NY, NY 10032
| | - June Y. Hou
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 622 W 168th Street, New York, NY USA 10032
| | - Fabio M. Iwamoto
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1130 Saint Nicholas Ave, New York, NY USA 10032
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 710 W 168th Street, New York, NY USA 10032
| | - Joseph G. Jurcic
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1130 Saint Nicholas Ave, New York, NY USA 10032
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630 W 168th Street, New York, NY USA 10032
| | - Ravi P. Kiran
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1130 Saint Nicholas Ave, New York, NY USA 10032
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 622 W 168th Street, New York, NY USA 10032
| | - Michael D Kluger
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1130 Saint Nicholas Ave, New York, NY USA 10032
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 622 W 168th Street, New York, NY USA 10032
| | - Teri Kreisl
- Novartis Five Cambridge, MA 02142, United States
| | - Nicole Lamanna
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1130 Saint Nicholas Ave, New York, NY USA 10032
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630 W 168th Street, New York, NY USA 10032
| | - Andrew B. Lassman
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1130 Saint Nicholas Ave, New York, NY USA 10032
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 710 W 168th Street, New York, NY USA 10032
| | - Emerson A. Lim
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1130 Saint Nicholas Ave, New York, NY USA 10032
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630 W 168th Street, New York, NY USA 10032
| | - Gulam A. Manji
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1130 Saint Nicholas Ave, New York, NY USA 10032
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630 W 168th Street, New York, NY USA 10032
| | - Guy M McKhann
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1130 Saint Nicholas Ave, New York, NY USA 10032
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 710 W 168th Street, New York, NY USA 10032
| | - James M. McKiernan
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1130 Saint Nicholas Ave, New York, NY USA 10032
- Department of Urology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 160 Fort Washington Ave, New York, NY USA 10032
| | - Alfred I Neugut
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1130 Saint Nicholas Ave, New York, NY USA 10032
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630 W 168th Street, New York, NY USA 10032
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 722 West 168th St. NY, NY 10032
| | - Kenneth P. Olive
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1130 Saint Nicholas Ave, New York, NY USA 10032
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630 W 168th Street, New York, NY USA 10032
| | - Todd Rosenblat
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1130 Saint Nicholas Ave, New York, NY USA 10032
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630 W 168th Street, New York, NY USA 10032
| | - Gary K. Schwartz
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1130 Saint Nicholas Ave, New York, NY USA 10032
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630 W 168th Street, New York, NY USA 10032
| | - Catherine A Shu
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1130 Saint Nicholas Ave, New York, NY USA 10032
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630 W 168th Street, New York, NY USA 10032
| | - Michael B. Sisti
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1130 Saint Nicholas Ave, New York, NY USA 10032
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 710 W 168th Street, New York, NY USA 10032
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 710 W 168th Street, New York, NY USA 10032
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 161 Fort Washington Avenue, New York, NY 10032, United States
| | - Ana Tergas
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 622 W 168th Street, New York, NY USA 10032
| | - Reena M Vattakalam
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1130 Saint Nicholas Ave, New York, NY USA 10032
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 622 W 168th Street, New York, NY USA 10032
| | - Mary Welch
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1130 Saint Nicholas Ave, New York, NY USA 10032
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 710 W 168th Street, New York, NY USA 10032
| | - Sven Wenske
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1130 Saint Nicholas Ave, New York, NY USA 10032
- Department of Urology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 160 Fort Washington Ave, New York, NY USA 10032
| | - Jason D. Wright
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1130 Saint Nicholas Ave, New York, NY USA 10032
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 622 W 168th Street, New York, NY USA 10032
| | - Hanina Hibshoosh
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1130 Saint Nicholas Ave, New York, NY USA 10032
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630 W 168th Street, New York, NY USA 10032
| | - Kevin Kalinsky
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1130 Saint Nicholas Ave, New York, NY USA 10032
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University and Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, 1365-C Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States
| | - Mahalaxmi Aburi
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1130 Saint Nicholas Ave, New York, NY USA 10032
| | - Peter A. Sims
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1130 Saint Nicholas Ave, New York, NY USA 10032
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 701 W 168th Street, New York, NY USA 10032
| | - Mariano J. Alvarez
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1130 Saint Nicholas Ave, New York, NY USA 10032
- DarwinHealth Inc. New York
| | - Andrew L. Kung
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY USA 10065
| | - Andrea Califano
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1130 Saint Nicholas Ave, New York, NY USA 10032
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1130 Saint Nicholas Ave, New York, NY USA 10032
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630 W 168th Street, New York, NY USA 10032
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 701 W 168th Street, New York, NY USA 10032
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 622 W 168th Street, New York, NY USA 10032
- J.P. Sulzberger Columbia Genome Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 622 W 168th Street, New York, NY USA 10032
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ravi A, Hellmann MD, Arniella MB, Holton M, Freeman SS, Naranbhai V, Stewart C, Leshchiner I, Kim J, Akiyama Y, Griffin AT, Vokes NI, Sakhi M, Kamesan V, Rizvi H, Ricciuti B, Forde PM, Anagnostou V, Riess JW, Gibbons DL, Pennell NA, Velcheti V, Digumarthy SR, Mino-Kenudson M, Califano A, Heymach JV, Herbst RS, Brahmer JR, Schalper KA, Velculescu VE, Henick BS, Rizvi N, Jänne PA, Awad MM, Chow A, Greenbaum BD, Luksza M, Shaw AT, Wolchok J, Hacohen N, Getz G, Gainor JF. Genomic and transcriptomic analysis of checkpoint blockade response in advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Nat Genet 2023; 55:807-819. [PMID: 37024582 PMCID: PMC10181943 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-023-01355-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 agents have transformed the treatment landscape of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). To expand our understanding of the molecular features underlying response to checkpoint inhibitors in NSCLC, we describe here the first joint analysis of the Stand Up To Cancer-Mark Foundation cohort, a resource of whole exome and/or RNA sequencing from 393 patients with NSCLC treated with anti-PD-(L)1 therapy, along with matched clinical response annotation. We identify a number of associations between molecular features and outcome, including (1) favorable (for example, ATM altered) and unfavorable (for example, TERT amplified) genomic subgroups, (2) a prominent association between expression of inducible components of the immunoproteasome and response and (3) a dedifferentiated tumor-intrinsic subtype with enhanced response to checkpoint blockade. Taken together, results from this cohort demonstrate the complexity of biological determinants underlying immunotherapy outcomes and reinforce the discovery potential of integrative analysis within large, well-curated, cancer-specific cohorts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arvind Ravi
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Lank Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Monica B Arniella
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Mark Holton
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Samuel S Freeman
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Vivek Naranbhai
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for the AIDS Programme for Research in South Africa, Durban, South Africa
- Center for Thoracic Cancers, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chip Stewart
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ignaty Leshchiner
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Yo Akiyama
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Aaron T Griffin
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Natalie I Vokes
- Department of Thoracic and Head and Neck Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Genomic Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mustafa Sakhi
- Center for Thoracic Cancers, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vashine Kamesan
- Center for Thoracic Cancers, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hira Rizvi
- Druckenmiller Center for Lung Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Biagio Ricciuti
- Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Patrick M Forde
- Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Valsamo Anagnostou
- Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Don L Gibbons
- Department of Thoracic and Head and Neck Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nathan A Pennell
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Vamsidhar Velcheti
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Subba R Digumarthy
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mari Mino-Kenudson
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrea Califano
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- J.P. Sulzberger Columbia Genome Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - John V Heymach
- Department of Thoracic and Head and Neck Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Roy S Herbst
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Julie R Brahmer
- Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kurt A Schalper
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Victor E Velculescu
- Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Brian S Henick
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Pasi A Jänne
- Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mark M Awad
- Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew Chow
- Druckenmiller Center for Lung Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Benjamin D Greenbaum
- Computational Oncology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Physiology, Biophysics & Systems Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marta Luksza
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alice T Shaw
- Center for Thoracic Cancers, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Nir Hacohen
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Gad Getz
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Justin F Gainor
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Center for Thoracic Cancers, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Schenk D, Zhou R, Petrillo O, Mantilla A, do Valle IF, Maron S, Henick BS, Liao CY, Catenacci DV, Roychowdhury S, Solomon B, Spira AI, Dhanik A, Fergusson AR, Jooss K, Davis M. Abstract 1126: Disease monitoring with comprehensive genomics provides evidence of mechanism of action and immune evasion in patients receiving an individualized neoantigen cancer vaccine. Cancer Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-1126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Therapeutic vaccines hold promise to broaden the potency of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy in tumors lacking immune reactivity. A heterologous chimpanzee adenovirus (ChAd68) and self-amplifying mRNA (samRNA)-based individualized neoantigen vaccine regimen in combination with nivolumab 480 mg IV and ipilimumab 30mg SC (NCT03639714) has previously demonstrated safety, durable immunogenicity, and clinical benefit in patients with previously treated metastatic disease. Genomic correlates of response were studied over time in 29 patients (13 MSS-CRC, 13 GEA, 3 NSCLC) to understand novel mechanisms of action. Exome and transcriptome sequencing from archival biopsies was used for neoantigen selection. Monthly circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) samples were collected for monitoring using a comprehensive tumor-naïve and tumor-informed hybrid-capture based ctDNA assay. Paired pre- and post-vaccine tumor transcriptomes were analyzed for 10 patients with 6 having accompanying DNA T cell receptor Β CDR3 repertoire sequencing (TCRseq) in biopsies and longitudinal PBMCs. Prior to vaccination patient tumors were not enriched for immune infiltration or tumor mutation burden (TMB), median 4.3 mut/Mb (range: 2-17 mut/Mb). Minimal neoantigen and mutation drift was observed with a median of 92.5% of neoantigens (range: 45-100%) and a median of 84% (range: 24-99%) of individual mutations detected in biopsies and ctDNA. Notably, paired pre- and post-vaccine biopsy gene expression analyses show upregulation in gene signatures associated with immune infiltration aligning with evidence of T cell expansion measured by significantly expanding CDR3 clonotypes (p <0.01). Longitudinal TCRseq in PBMCs demonstrate vaccine induced TCR repertoire dynamics and expanding and contracting clones observed in tumor biopsies could be monitored throughout treatment. In 4 patients the most drastic TCR repertoire changes were observed at time points measured after a 2nd dose of ChAd68. Lastly, we observe evidence of acquired immune evasion through ctDNA monitoring in two patients each following a year of study treatment. One GEA patient acquired HLA-LOH after remaining stable on treatment and one MSS-CRC with a molecular response (MR) for >7 months acquired novel biallelic loss-of-function mutations in TAP1 following 1 year of study treatment. We demonstrate that our neoantigen-directed immunotherapy regimen drives durable immune pressure on the tumor in patients with advanced disease where CPI alone has provided minimal benefit. Further, the evidence of acquired resistance supports the induction of immune pressure on tumors following individualized neoantigen vaccination. Comprehensive ctDNA longitudinal monitoring enables real-time assessment of clinical response and acquired resistance.
Citation Format: Desiree Schenk, Rita Zhou, Olivia Petrillo, Alexis Mantilla, Italo Faria do Valle, Steven Maron, Brian S. Henick, Chih-Yi Liao, Daniel V.T. Catenacci, Sameek Roychowdhury, Benjamin Solomon, Alexander I. Spira, Ankur Dhanik, Andrew R. Fergusson, Karin Jooss, Matthew Davis. Disease monitoring with comprehensive genomics provides evidence of mechanism of action and immune evasion in patients receiving an individualized neoantigen cancer vaccine [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 1126.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rita Zhou
- 1Gritstone Bio, Inc., Emeryville, CA
| | | | | | | | - Steven Maron
- 2Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | | | - Chih-Yi Liao
- 4University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, IL
| | | | - Sameek Roychowdhury
- 5The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA, Columbus, OH
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Parikh AS, Yu VX, Flashner S, Okolo OB, Lu C, Henick BS, Momen-Heravi F, Puram SV, Teknos T, Pan Q, Nakagawa H. Patient-derived three-dimensional culture techniques model tumor heterogeneity in head and neck cancer. Oral Oncol 2023; 138:106330. [PMID: 36773387 PMCID: PMC10126876 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2023.106330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) outcomes remain stagnant, in part due to a poor understanding of HNSCC biology. The importance of tumor heterogeneity as an independent predictor of outcomes and treatment failure in HNSCC has recently come to light. With this understanding, 3D culture systems, including patient derived organoids (PDO) and organotypic culture (OTC), that capture this heterogeneity may allow for modeling and manipulation of critical subpopulations, such as p-EMT, as well as interactions between cancer cells and immune and stromal cells in the microenvironment. Here, we review work that has been done using PDO and OTC models of HNSCC, which demonstrates that these 3D culture models capture in vivo tumor heterogeneity and can be used to model tumor biology and treatment response in a way that faithfully recapitulates in vivo characteristics. As such, in vitro 3D culture models represent an important bridge between 2D monolayer culture and in vivo models such as patient derived xenografts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anuraag S Parikh
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States; Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Victoria X Yu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Samuel Flashner
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Ogoegbunam B Okolo
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Chao Lu
- Department of Genetics and Development, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Brian S Henick
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Columbia Unversity, New York, NY, United States
| | - Fatemeh Momen-Heravi
- Columbia University College of Dental Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Sidharth V Puram
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States; Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Theodoros Teknos
- Department of Otolaryngology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Quintin Pan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Hiroshi Nakagawa
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Patel MR, Juric D, Henick BS, Moore KN, Do D, Chapman J, Zhang H, Roche M, Newberry KJ, Rinne M, Yap TA. Abstract OT3-23-01: VELA: A first-in-human phase 1/2 study of BLU-222, a potent, selective cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 2 inhibitor in patients with cyclin E1 gene (CCNE1)-amplified or CDK4/6 inhibitor-resistant advanced solid tumors. Cancer Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs22-ot3-23-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Background The regulation of cell growth and proliferation is dependent on cyclins and CDKs. The formation of the cyclin D-CDK4/6 complex increases the expression of cyclin E1 and E2. Cyclin E1 and E2 bind to and activate CDK2; this results in a cyclin E/CDK2 complex that assists with downstream expression of DNA synthesis machinery. The use of CDK4/6 inhibitors such as palbociclib or ribociclib is an effective treatment in patients with hormone receptor-positive (HR+), human epithelial growth factor receptor-2 negative (HER2-) breast cancer; however, resistance to treatment eventually occurs. Aberrant cyclin E/CDK2 activity has been identified as a potential resistance mechanism by which tumors can evade CDK4/6 inhibitors. BLU-222 is an oral, investigational, potent, and selective CDK2 inhibitor. In preclinical studies, BLU-222 treatment in combination with ribociclib led to durable tumor regression in both CDK4/6-resistant and sensitive models of HR+HER2- breast cancer. Trial design VELA (NCT05252416) is an international, open-label, first-in-human phase 1/2 study evaluating the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and efficacy of BLU-222 in adult patients with CCNE1-amplified tumors or with HR+HER2- breast cancer with disease progression on CDK4/6 inhibitors. In phase 1 and 2, patients aged ≥18 years with an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 0–2 are eligible. In phase 2, all patients must have ≥1 measurable target lesion per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors version 1.1. Primary endpoints include assessing the safety of BLU-222 as a single agent or BLU-222 in combination with either carboplatin or ribociclib and/or fulvestrant (phase 1 and 2), identifying the maximum tolerated dose and/or recommended phase 2 dose (phase 1), and determining the objective response rate (phase 2). In the phase 1 dose-escalation part, patients with any advanced solid tumor with progression on standard of care (SOC) will receive BLU-222; patients with gastric or endometrial cancer (EC) with progression on ≥2 prior therapies (including ≥1 platinum-based therapy) or with CCNE1-amplified platinum-resistant/refractory ovarian cancer (OC) will receive BLU-222 and carboplatin; patients with HR+HER- breast cancer with progression on CDK4/6 inhibitors will receive BLU-222, ribociclib, and fulvestrant. In the phase 2 dose-expansion part, patients with CCNE1-amplified tumors including EC (progression on ≥2 prior therapies), platinum-resistant/refractory OC, or other advanced solid tumors (progression after SOC) will receive BLU-222 monotherapy; patients with CCNE1-amplified platinum-resistant/refractory OC will receive BLU-222 and carboplatin; and patients with CDK4/6 inhibitor-resistant HR+HER2- breast cancer will receive BLU-222 and fulvestrant with/without ribociclib. Pharmacokinetic parameters will be calculated using standard non-compartmental methods from the plasma concentration–time data. Tissue biopsies will be collected during cycle 1 to assess the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma 1 (Rb1) protein which will be used as a pharmacodynamic marker to assess target inhibition. Dose escalation is ongoing and approximately 50 sites are anticipated to enroll patients across North America, Europe, and the Asia/Pacific region.
Citation Format: Manish R Patel, Dejan Juric, Brian S Henick, Kathleen N Moore, Doreen Do, Joshua Chapman, Hui Zhang, Maria Roche, Kate J Newberry, Mikael Rinne, Timothy A Yap. VELA: A first-in-human phase 1/2 study of BLU-222, a potent, selective cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 2 inhibitor in patients with cyclin E1 gene (CCNE1)-amplified or CDK4/6 inhibitor-resistant advanced solid tumors [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2022 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2022 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(5 Suppl):Abstract nr OT3-23-01.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manish R Patel
- 1Florida Cancer Specialists/Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Sarasota, FL, Sarasota, Florida
| | - Dejan Juric
- 2Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brian S Henick
- 3Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, New York, New York
| | - Kathleen N Moore
- 4University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Gynecologic Oncology Faculty, Oklahoma City, OK, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Doreen Do
- 5Blueprint Medicines Corporation, Cambridge, MA, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Joshua Chapman
- 6Blueprint Medicines Corporation, Cambridge, MA, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Hui Zhang
- 7Blueprint Medicines Corporation, Cambridge, MA, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Maria Roche
- 8Blueprint Medicines Corporation, Cambridge, MA, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Kate J Newberry
- 9Blueprint Medicines Corporation, Cambridge, MA, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Mikael Rinne
- 10Blueprint Medicines Corporation, Cambridge, MA, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Timothy A Yap
- 11The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, Houston, TX, Houston, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Maniar R, Wang PH, Washburn RS, Kratchmarov R, Coley SM, Saqi A, Pan SS, Hu J, Shu CA, Rizvi NA, Henick BS, Reiner SL. Self-Renewing CD8+ T-cell Abundance in Blood Associates with Response to Immunotherapy. Cancer Immunol Res 2023; 11:164-170. [PMID: 36512052 PMCID: PMC9898128 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-22-0524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Treatment with immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) often fails to elicit durable antitumor immunity. Recent studies suggest that ICB does not restore potency to terminally dysfunctional T cells, but instead drives proliferation and differentiation of self-renewing progenitor T cells into fresh, effector-like T cells. Antitumor immunity catalyzed by ICB is characterized by mobilization of antitumor T cells in systemic circulation and tumor. To address whether abundance of self-renewing T cells in blood is associated with immunotherapy response, we used flow cytometry of peripheral blood from a cohort of patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with ICB. At baseline, expression of T-cell factor 1 (TCF1), a marker of self-renewing T cells, was detected at higher frequency in effector-memory (CCR7-) CD8+ T cells from patients who experienced durable clinical benefit compared to those with primary resistance to ICB. On-treatment blood samples from patients benefiting from ICB also exhibited a greater frequency of TCF1+CCR7-CD8+ T cells and higher proportions of TCF1 expression in treatment-expanded PD-1+CCR7-CD8+ T cells. The observed correlation of TCF1 frequency in CCR7-CD8+ T cells and response to ICB suggests that broader examination of self-renewing T-cell abundance in blood will determine its potential as a noninvasive, predictive biomarker of response and resistance to immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rohan Maniar
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center; New York, NY, USA
| | - Peter H. Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center; New York, NY, USA
| | - Robert S. Washburn
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center; New York, NY, USA
| | - Radomir Kratchmarov
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center; New York, NY, USA
| | - Shana M. Coley
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center; New York, NY; USA
| | - Anjali Saqi
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center; New York, NY; USA
| | - Samuel S. Pan
- Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University; New York, NY; USA
| | - Jianhua Hu
- Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University; New York, NY; USA
| | - Catherine A. Shu
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center; New York, NY, USA
| | - Naiyer A. Rizvi
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center; New York, NY, USA
| | - Brian S. Henick
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center; New York, NY, USA
- Corresponding Authors: Brian S. Henick, 161 Fort Washington Avenue, Herbert Irving Pavilion 3 Floor, New York, NY 10032, Ph: 212-305-3997, ; Steven L. Reiner, 701 West 168 Street, HHSC Room 912, New York, NY 10032, Ph: 212-305-5177,
| | - Steven L. Reiner
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center; New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons; Columbia University Irving Medical Center New York, NY, USA
- Corresponding Authors: Brian S. Henick, 161 Fort Washington Avenue, Herbert Irving Pavilion 3 Floor, New York, NY 10032, Ph: 212-305-3997, ; Steven L. Reiner, 701 West 168 Street, HHSC Room 912, New York, NY 10032, Ph: 212-305-5177,
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Bukhari S, Henick BS, Winchester RJ, Lerrer S, Adam K, Gartshteyn Y, Maniar R, Lin Z, Khodadadi-Jamayran A, Tsirigos A, Salvatore MM, Lagos GG, Reiner SL, Dallos MC, Mathew M, Rizvi NA, Mor A. Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals distinct T cell populations in immune-related adverse events of checkpoint inhibitors. Cell Rep Med 2023; 4:100868. [PMID: 36513074 PMCID: PMC9873824 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PD-1 is an inhibitory receptor in T cells, and antibodies that block its interaction with ligands augment anti-tumor immune responses. The clinical potential of these agents is limited by the fact that half of all patients develop immune-related adverse events (irAEs). To generate insights into the cellular changes that occur during anti-PD-1 treatment, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing of circulating T cells collected from patients with cancer. Using the K-nearest-neighbor-based network graph-drawing layout, we show the involvement of distinctive genes and subpopulations of T cells. We identify that at baseline, patients with arthritis have fewer CD8 TCM cells, patients with pneumonitis have more CD4 TH2 cells, and patients with thyroiditis have more CD4 TH17 cells when compared with patients who do not develop irAEs. These data support the hypothesis that different populations of T cells are associated with different irAEs and that characterization of these cells' pre-treatment has the potential to serve as a toxicity-specific predictive biomarker.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shoiab Bukhari
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Brian S Henick
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Robert J Winchester
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Shalom Lerrer
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Kieran Adam
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Yevgeniya Gartshteyn
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Rohan Maniar
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Ziyan Lin
- Applied Bioinformatics Laboratories and Genome Technology Center, Division of Advanced Research Technologies, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Alireza Khodadadi-Jamayran
- Applied Bioinformatics Laboratories and Genome Technology Center, Division of Advanced Research Technologies, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Aristotelis Tsirigos
- Applied Bioinformatics Laboratories and Genome Technology Center, Division of Advanced Research Technologies, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Mary M Salvatore
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Galina G Lagos
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Steven L Reiner
- Departments of Microbiology & Immunology and Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Matthew C Dallos
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Matthen Mathew
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Naiyer A Rizvi
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Adam Mor
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wang Y, Fan JL, Melms JC, Amin AD, Georgis Y, Barrera I, Ho P, Tagore S, Abril-Rodríguez G, He S, Jin Y, Biermann J, Hofree M, Caprio L, Berhe S, Khan SA, Henick BS, Ribas A, Macosko EZ, Chen F, Taylor AM, Schwartz GK, Carvajal RD, Azizi E, Izar B. Multimodal single-cell and whole-genome sequencing of small, frozen clinical specimens. Nat Genet 2023; 55:19-25. [PMID: 36624340 PMCID: PMC10155259 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-022-01268-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Single-cell genomics enables dissection of tumor heterogeneity and molecular underpinnings of drug response at an unprecedented resolution1-11. However, broad clinical application of these methods remains challenging, due to several practical and preanalytical challenges that are incompatible with typical clinical care workflows, namely the need for relatively large, fresh tissue inputs. In the present study, we show that multimodal, single-nucleus (sn)RNA/T cell receptor (TCR) sequencing, spatial transcriptomics and whole-genome sequencing (WGS) are feasible from small, frozen tissues that approximate routinely collected clinical specimens (for example, core needle biopsies). Compared with data from sample-matched fresh tissue, we find a similar quality in the biological outputs of snRNA/TCR-seq data, while reducing artifactual signals and compositional biases introduced by fresh tissue processing. Profiling sequentially collected melanoma samples from a patient treated in the KEYNOTE-001 trial12, we resolved cellular, genomic, spatial and clonotype dynamics that represent molecular patterns of heterogeneous intralesional evolution during anti-programmed cell death protein 1 therapy. To demonstrate applicability to banked biospecimens of rare diseases13, we generated a single-cell atlas of uveal melanoma liver metastasis with matched WGS data. These results show that single-cell genomics from archival, clinical specimens is feasible and provides a framework for translating these methods more broadly to the clinical arena.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiping Wang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Program for Mathematical Genomics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joy Linyue Fan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Johannes C Melms
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Amit Dipak Amin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yohanna Georgis
- Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Patricia Ho
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Somnath Tagore
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gabriel Abril-Rodríguez
- Department of Medicine, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Siyu He
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yinuo Jin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jana Biermann
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Program for Mathematical Genomics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Matan Hofree
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Lindsay Caprio
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Simon Berhe
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shaheer A Khan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Brian S Henick
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Antoni Ribas
- Department of Medicine, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Evan Z Macosko
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Fei Chen
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Alison M Taylor
- Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gary K Schwartz
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Richard D Carvajal
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elham Azizi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
- Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
- Irving Institute for Cancer Dynamics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Benjamin Izar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Systems Biology, Program for Mathematical Genomics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wang PH, Washburn R, Maniar R, Mu M, Ringham O, Kratchmarov R, Henick BS, Reiner SL. Cutting Edge: Promoting T Cell Factor 1 + T Cell Self-Renewal to Improve Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 Blockade. J Immunol 2022; 209:660-664. [PMID: 35905999 PMCID: PMC9387677 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2200317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade is limited by resistance to treatment, with many patients not achieving durable antitumor responses. Self-renewing (T cell factor 1+ [TCF1+]) CD8+ T cells have recently been implicated in efficacy of anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (anti-PD-1). Mice challenged with syngeneic tumors were treated with anti-PD-1 and/or a reversible inhibitor of PI3K δ, designed to promote T cell self-renewal. Growth of tumors in untreated mice was characterized by waning proportions of TCF1+ T cells, suggesting self-renewing T cells become limiting for successful immunotherapy. Higher proportions of TCF1+ T cells in tumor and blood correlated with better control of tumor growth. Combining anti-PD-1 and inhibitor of PI3K δ conferred superior protection compared with either monotherapy and was associated with higher frequency of TCF1+ T cells in tumor and blood compared with anti-PD-1 alone. These findings reveal predictive importance of self-renewing T cells in anti-tumor immunity and suggest that resistance-directed strategies to enhance T cell self-renewal could potentiate the efficacy of PD-1 blockade.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter H Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Robert Washburn
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Rohan Maniar
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY; and
| | - Michael Mu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Olivia Ringham
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Radomir Kratchmarov
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Brian S Henick
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY; and
| | - Steven L Reiner
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY;
- Department of Pediatrics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Henick BS, Villarroel-Espindola F, Datar I, Sanmamed MF, Yu J, Desai S, Li A, Aguirre-Ducler A, Syrigos K, Rimm DL, Chen L, Herbst RS, Schalper KA. Quantitative tissue analysis and role of myeloid cells in non-small cell lung cancer. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:e005025. [PMID: 35793873 PMCID: PMC9260844 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-005025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the prominent role of innate immunity in the antitumor response, little is known about the myeloid composition of human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with respect to histology and molecular subtype. We used multiplexed quantitative immunofluorescence (QIF) to measure the distribution and clinical significance of major myeloid cell subsets in large retrospective NSCLC collections. METHODS We established a QIF panel to map major myeloid cell subsets in fixed human NSCLC including 4',6-Diamidino-2-Phenylindole for all cells, pancytokeratin for tumor-epithelial cells, CD68 for M1-like macrophages; and CD11b plus HLA-DR to interrogate mature and immature myeloid cell populations such as myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). We interrogated 793 NSCLCs represented in four tissue microarray-based cohorts: #1 (Yale, n=379) and #2 (Greece, n=230) with diverse NSCLC subtypes; #3 (Yale, n=138) with molecularly annotated lung adenocarcinomas (ADC); and #4 (Yale, n=46) with patient-matched NSCLC and morphologically-normal lung tissue. We examined associations between marker levels, myeloid cell profiles, clinicopathologic/molecular variables and survival. RESULTS The levels of CD68+ M1 like macrophages were significantly lower and the fraction of CD11b+/HLA-DR- MDSC-like cells was prominently higher in tumor than in matched non-tumor lung tissues. HLA-DR was consistently higher in myeloid cells from tumors with elevated CD68 expression. Stromal CD11b was significantly higher in squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) than in ADC across the cohorts and EGFR-mutated lung ADCs displayed lower CD11b levels than KRAS-mutant tumors. Increased stromal CD68- and HLA-DR-expressing cells was associated with better survival in ADCs from two independent NSCLC cohorts. In SCC, increased stromal CD11b or HLA-DR expression was associated with a trend towards shorter 5-year survival. CONCLUSIONS NSCLCs display an unfavorable myeloid immune contexture relative to non-tumor lung and exhibit distinct myeloid-cell profiles across histologies and presence of major oncogenic driver-mutations. Elevated M1-like stromal proinflammatory myeloid cells are prognostic in lung ADC, but not in SCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian S Henick
- Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Ila Datar
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | | | - Jovian Yu
- Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | | | - Alice Li
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Adam Aguirre-Ducler
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Konstantinos Syrigos
- Sotiria General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - David L Rimm
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | | | | | - Kurt A Schalper
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Schenck D, Zhou R, Mantilla A, Spiro O, Patch T, Johnson A, Gomez DN, Henick BS, Liao CY, Roychowdhury S, Maron S, Solomon B, Spira AI, Catenacci DV, Fergusson AR, Rousseau RF, Jooss K, Davis MJ. Abstract 1238: Comprehensive ctDNA monitoring provides early signal of clinical benefit with a novel personalized neoantigen directed immunotherapy for late-stage cancer patients. Cancer Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-1238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Neoantigen directed immunotherapy holds promise to increase the likelihood of patients with solid tumor devoid of immune infiltration benefiting from immune checkpoint immunotherapy (CPI). A heterologous prime-boost vaccination approach consisting of Chimpanzee Adenovirus (ChAd) prime and multiple self-amplifying mRNA (SAM) boosts, delivering 20 neoantigens, has been evaluated in a Phase 1/2 clinical trial in late-stage solid tumor patients in combination with nivolumab and ipilimumab (NCT03639714). Neoantigen dynamics, tumor burden and genomic correlates of response were studied over time in 20 patients (8 GEA, 2 NSCLC, 10 MSS-CRC). Exome sequences from archival (sample used for neoantigen selection), baseline (start of immunization) and on-treatment biopsies were analyzed for 20, 16 and 10 patients respectively. Paired pre- and post-vaccine tumor transcriptomes were analyzed for 6 patients. Personalized capture baits were designed for all non-synonymous mutations detected in archival biopsies (mean 146; range: 67-402) for ctDNA monitoring. Longitudinal ctDNA samples were collected monthly on treatment (mean 7; range: 1-18). ctDNA duplex UMI libraries were captured and sequenced to a target mean raw depth >80,000x and reduced to 3x per strand consensus duplex reads. The majority of vaccine neoantigens were detected in ctDNA (87%; range 45%-100%) and mean neoantigen variant allele frequency (VAF) strongly correlated with all monitored mutations VAF (R2 = 0.90, p < 0.0001) through treatment. The percentage of vaccine neoantigens detected was higher than that for all monitored mutations in the same samples with a median of 80% (21%-98%) in ctDNA and 70% (44%-100%) in biopsies. Five of 9 MSS-CRC patients with measurable baseline ctDNA achieved molecular responses (MR, >50% reduction in ctDNA from baseline) that correlated with OS and PFS, and in some patients, was accompanied by radiologic tumor shrinkage. One MSS-CRC patient with MR for >7 months acquired novel biallelic loss-of-function mutations in TAP1 following 1 year of study treatment. Differential gene expression analysis from paired pre- and post-vaccine biopsies (including 2 MSS-CRC pairs with MR) demonstrated significant upregulation in gene signatures associated with immune-inflamed tumor microenvironments including interferon alpha and gamma responses. We demonstrate that tumor-informed neoantigen selection and vaccine manufacturing while patients receive chemotherapy is feasible, since the majority of neoantigens are retained in the tumor post-chemotherapy. Further, neoantigen-directed immunotherapy appears to drive clinical benefit in patients with advanced MSS-CRC tumors, where CPI alone has provided minimal benefit. Comprehensive ctDNA longitudinal monitoring enables real time assessment of clinical response and acquired resistance.
Citation Format: Desiree Schenck, Rita Zhou, Alexis Mantilla, Oliver Spiro, Taylor Patch, Adrienne Johnson, Daniel Navarro Gomez, Brian S. Henick, Chih-Yi Liao, Sameek Roychowdhury, Steve Maron, Benjamin Solomon, Alexander I. Spira, Daniel V. Catenacci, Andrew R. Fergusson, Raphael F. Rousseau, Karin Jooss, Matthew J. Davis. Comprehensive ctDNA monitoring provides early signal of clinical benefit with a novel personalized neoantigen directed immunotherapy for late-stage cancer patients [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 1238.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Chih-Yi Liao
- 3University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, IL
| | | | - Steve Maron
- 5Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Maniar R, Wang PH, Washburn RS, Rizvi NA, Reiner SL, Henick BS. Abstract 1240: Peripherally measured T cell self-renewal capacity associates with response to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Cancer Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-1240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Recent studies have suggested that ICB does not primarily restore function to terminally exhausted T cells, but instead drives proliferation and differentiation of progenitor T cells into fresh effector cells. T cell factor 1 (TCF1) marks and maintains T cell self-renewal while repressing differentiation and has been associated with increased antitumor activity. These findings suggest ICB may depend on the continued availability of self-renewing TCF1+ progenitor T cells as the source of fresh effector cells. We hypothesized that characterizing the immunophenotype of T cells in the peripheral blood, with a focus on markers of self-renewal, might be predictive of ICB response. Utilizing an institution-wide biospecimen repository, we evaluated peripheral blood samples using multi-parametric flow cytometry from patients with metastatic NSCLC treated with single-agent ICB who experienced durable clinical benefit (DCB; >1 year of treatment and/or clinical response >1 year) or primary resistance (RES; <6 months of treatment with evidence of disease progression). Our analysis focused on a CCR7- T cell subset, which is characterized by lower proportions of TCF1+ cells but increase during active immune responses. We analyzed samples collected from a cohort of 22 patients, 11 of whom had DCB and 11 with RES. In the pre-treatment samples (n=22), we determined that the frequency of TCF1+CCR7- CD8+ T cells was significantly higher in patients with DCB compared to patients with RES (32.6% v. 19.0%; P = 0.0452). Importantly, the median progression free survival was 17.0 months in patients with TCF1+ frequency above the median compared to 3.0 months in patients with TCF1+ frequency below the median (HR 0.43; P = 0.0185). Among the on-treatment samples (n=19), there was an increased frequency of PD1+ expression within the CCR7- CD8+ T cell subset compared to the paired baseline samples. Examination of those therapy-expanded PD1+ T cells revealed differences in the composition of TCF1+ versus TCF1- fractions in relation to treatment outcome. The mean ratio of TCF1+ to TCF1- amongst PD1+CCR7- T cells on-treatment was found to be significantly higher in the DCB group (1.483 [DCB] v. 0.4791 [RES], P=<0.0001). In this analysis, we identified a pattern of pre-and on-treatment T cell populations that correlates with durable benefit from ICB in patients with NSCLC. We observed that the frequency of TCF1 expression in the more differentiated effector memory T cell subsets prior to treatment correlates with DCB. While on treatment, both groups experienced expansion of PD1+ CD8 T cells, but the presence of greater fractions of TCF1+ T cells in the PD1+ CD8 T cell population correlates with DCB. This finding suggests that persistence and mobilization of self-renewing progenitor T cells is associated with long-lived ICB-induced anti-tumor activity.
Citation Format: Rohan Maniar, Peter H. Wang, Robert S. Washburn, Naiyer A. Rizvi, Steven L. Reiner, Brian S. Henick. Peripherally measured T cell self-renewal capacity associates with response to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 1240.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rohan Maniar
- 1Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Peter H. Wang
- 1Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Gainor JF, Ravi A, Awad MM, Holton M, Arniella M, Stewart C, Freeman S, Leshchiner I, Chow A, Henick BS, Velcheti V, Griffin AT, Ricciuti B, Riess JW, Janne PA, Hacohen N, Wolchok JD, Hellmann MD, Getz G. Clinical characteristics and molecular features of non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) following disease progression on immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). J Clin Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2022.40.16_suppl.e21178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
e21178 Background: ICIs are cornerstones of therapy for advanced NSCLC. Despite dramatic and sometimes durable responses to therapy, most patients (pts) either (i) do not respond to therapy (intrinsic resistance), or (ii) subsequently progress after initial clinical benefit (acquired resistance). Currently, insights into the molecular mechanisms of resistance to ICIs in NSCLC are lacking. Methods: To investigate clinical and molecular features of pts progressing on ICIs, we identified pts who underwent repeat tumor biopsies on and/or after disease progression on ICIs and were included in the Stand Up 2 Cancer (SU2C)/Mark Foundation multi-institutional cohort. Biopsy specimens underwent whole-exome sequencing (WES) and/or whole transcriptome sequencing (RNAseq). Results: We identified 37 pts who underwent a total of 47 repeat biopsies on or after ICIs. Six pts underwent multiple post-ICI biopsies (range 2-4). Twenty-five pts (68%) received PD-(L)1 inhibitor monotherapy, 6 (16%) received PD-(L)1 plus CTLA-4 inhibitors, and 6 (16%) received other PD-1 inhibitor-based combinations. Overall, the objective response rate was 46% among pts undergoing repeat biopsies (complete response 2 [5%], partial response 15 [41%], stable disease 14 [38%], progressive disease 5 [14%] and not evaluable 1 [3%]). Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 8.1 months. In total, pre-ICI biopsy specimens were available in 20 pts. WES and RNAseq were performed on 67 and 44 specimens, respectively. Median tumor mutation burden (TMB) in pre-ICI specimens was 5.0 mutations/Mb versus 4.9 mutations/Mb in post-ICI specimens ( p= 0.3, Mann-Whitney U test). Among 20 paired pre/post-ICI specimens, there was no significant difference in TMB (pre-treatment median 3.9 mutations/Mb; post-treatment median 4.3 mutations/Mb; p= 0.7, Wilcoxon signed-rank test). One pt with a complete response acquired a nonsense mutation in B2M, and one pt with a partial response acquired a nonsense mutation in JAK1. Among 10 paired pre/post-ICI specimens that underwent RNAseq, we observed significant decreases in granzyme B and perforin in post-ICI specimens ( p= 4×10-5 and p= 2×10-3, respectively, limma-voom analysis). Conclusions: Genomic alterations impairing antigen presentation (e.g., B2M) or immune activation (e.g., JAK1) may enable resistance to ICIs in a small subset of cases. However, the majority of repeat biopsies obtained from pts progressing on ICIs lacked clear genetic mediators of resistance, suggesting the presence of additional tumor-intrinsic and/or tumor-extrinsic factors underlying resistance to ICIs in NSCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justin F. Gainor
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | | | - Mark M. Awad
- Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Andrew Chow
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | | | | | | | - Biagio Ricciuti
- Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Jonathan W. Riess
- University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento, CA
| | - Pasi A. Janne
- Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | | | | | | | - Gad Getz
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Henick BS, Bukhari S, Winchester R, Lin Z, Khodadad-Jamayran A, Tsirigos A, Lerrer SS, Adam K, Salvatore MM, Lagos G, Pabani A, Maniar R, Reiner SL, Dallos M, Mathew M, Rizvi NA, Mor A. Baseline peripheral T-cell composition in relation to radiographic phenotypes of immune-related pneumonitis. J Clin Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2022.40.16_suppl.2545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
2545 Background: Pneumonitis is one of the most morbid complications from immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment, but pathogenic mechanisms are unclear and no biomarkers permit pre-treatment risk assessment. We sought to characterize peripheral T cell subsets of pneumonitis patients on the single cell level. Methods: Blood was collected before and during ICI treatment in 24 patients. Cells were processed for single cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) employing CITEseq methodology using multiplexed cell surface markers labelled with a cocktail of oligonucleotide-tagged Total-Seq anti-human antibodies against CD4, CD8, CD45RA and CD27 followed by Chromium 10X sequencing. Principal Component Analysis was performed with iCellR, K-nearest-neighbor-based Network graph drawing Layout, and PhenoGraph clustering to assign cell types. CT scans were performed per standard of care and were reviewed by an experienced thoracic radiologist. Results: Seven of 24 patients developed pneumonitis; 9 did not experience an immune-related adverse event, and the remainder experienced arthritis (4), thyroiditis (3), or neurotoxicity (1). Pneumonitis patients had expanded proportions of TH2 TCF7+ T cells at baseline as compared to the other patients. Radiographically, two patients’ pneumonitis manifested as Chronic Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis (CHP), and four had Organized Pneumonia (OP). At baseline, CHP patients had significantly lower levels of CD8+ TCM cells (CXCR3+), double-positive T cells, gamma-delta T cells, and higher levels of naïve-like CD4+ TN TCF7+LEF1+ and CD4+ TH1/2 CXCR3+GATA3+ cells compared to OP. Gene expression levels also distinguished between these radiographic phenotypes. Conclusions: The peripheral T cell composition of patients who developed pneumonitis was distinct from those who did not in our cohort and unique by radiographic manifestation, suggesting potential pathogenic mechanisms and a prelude to circulating predictive markers of ICI toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Kieran Adam
- Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Mary M. Salvatore
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | | | | | - Rohan Maniar
- Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | | | | | | | | | - Adam Mor
- Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Chen LN, Schluger B, Lagos G, Henick BS, Herzberg B, Mathew M, Shu CA. Characteristics of patients with EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) at a diverse metropolitan cancer center. J Clin Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2022.40.16_suppl.e20593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
e20593 Background: Epidermal growth factor receptor-mutated [ EGFR(+)] NSCLC has historically been associated with young, non-smoking patients, especially those of Asian descent. Our medical center serves a diverse population within New York City and includes patients from neighborhoods that are predominantly Hispanic/Latino. We therefore sought to describe the population of patients with EGFR(+) NSCLC treated at our cancer center. Methods: We used our single institution lung cancer database to identify 2092 patients diagnosed with NSCLC between 2013-2019; of these, 375 had EGFR(+) disease. We collected retrospective data on patient demographics and disease outcomes. The chi-square test and t-tests were performed to compare between subgroups of patients. Results: Between 2013-2019, 17.9% of patients diagnosed with NSCLC at our center had an identified EGFR mutation. Incidence of EGFR mutations was higher in Asian NSCLC patients (46.7%) compared to Black (13.1%), white (16.8%), and Hispanic (16.0%) NSCLC patients. Within the 375 patients diagnosed with EGFR(+) NSCLC, however, the distribution was 62.1% white (233 patients), 13.6% Asian (51 patients), 11.2% Hispanic (42 patients), 8.3% Black (31 patients), and 4.8% unknown/other race (18 patients). Over half (57.7%) of patients with EGFR(+) NSCLC had a history of smoking, and most (68.9%) were female. Median age at diagnosis was 71 years. Frequency of tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)-sensitive mutations (L858R and exon 19 deletion) was 85.7% in Hispanic patients, 91.7% in Asian patients, 76.4% in white patients, and 71.0% in Black patients. Significantly more Hispanic EGFR(+) patients were diagnosed at Stage IV (65.4%) compared to 40.4% of Asian patients, 36.7% of Black patients, and 25.7% of white patients (p < 0.02 for all comparisons). Among patients diagnosed with Stage IV disease, Hispanic patients had worse average survival compared to non-Hispanic patients (19.4 months vs. 27.9 months, p = 0.01). Conclusions: EGFR-mutant NSCLC is thought to be especially common among patients who are younger, Asian, and/or never smokers. Our population of EGFR(+) NSCLC, however, encompasses a racially diverse group of patients, most of whom were older at the time of diagnosis and many of whom had a history of smoking. This population of patients, most of whom harbor a TKI-sensitive mutation, supports the use of routine mutational testing that is agnostic to patient demographics. Our data also suggest that Hispanic patients in particular are diagnosed with more advanced disease and have shorter survival; the reasons for such disparities within the EGFR(+) NSCLC population warrant further study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Matthen Mathew
- Lynn Cancer Institute- Center for Hematology Oncology, Boca Raton, FL
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Hsiao SJ, Sireci AN, Pendrick D, Freeman C, Fernandes H, Schwartz GK, Henick BS, Mansukhani MM, Roth KA, Carvajal RD, Oberg JA. Clinical Utilization, Utility, and Reimbursement for Expanded Genomic Panel Testing in Adult Oncology. JCO Precis Oncol 2020; 4:1038-1048. [DOI: 10.1200/po.20.00048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The routine use of large next-generation sequencing (NGS) pan-cancer panels is required to identify the increasing number of, but often uncommon, actionable alterations to guide therapy. Inconsistent coverage and variable payment is hindering NGS adoption into clinical practice. A review of test utilization, clinical utility, coverage, and reimbursement was conducted in a cohort of patients diagnosed with high-risk cancer who received pan-cancer panel testing as part of their clinical care. MATERIALS AND METHODS The Columbia Combined Cancer Panel (CCCP), a 467-gene panel designed to detect DNA variations in solid and liquid tumors, was performed in the Laboratory of Personalized Genomic Medicine at Columbia University Irving Medical Center. Utilization was characterized at test order. Results were reviewed by a molecular pathologist, followed by a multidisciplinary molecular tumor board where clinical utility was classified by consensus. Reimbursement was reviewed after payers provided final coverage decisions. RESULTS NGS was performed on 359 high-risk tumors from 349 patients. Reimbursement data were available for 246 cases. The most common reason providers ordered CCCP testing was for patients diagnosed with a treatment-resistant or recurrent tumor (n = 214; 61%). Findings were clinically impactful for 229 cases (64%). Molecular alterations that may inform future therapy in the event of progression or relapse were found in 42% of cases, and a targeted therapy was initiated in 23 cases (6.6%). The majority of tests were denied coverage by payers (n = 190; 77%). On average, insurers reimbursed 10.75% of the total NGS service charge. CONCLUSION CCCP testing identified clinically impactful alterations in 64% of cases. Limited coverage and low reimbursement remain barriers, and broader reimbursement policies are needed to adopt pan-cancer NGS testing that benefits patients into clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susan J. Hsiao
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Anthony N. Sireci
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Danielle Pendrick
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Christopher Freeman
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Helen Fernandes
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Gary K. Schwartz
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Brian S. Henick
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Mahesh M. Mansukhani
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Kevin A. Roth
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Richard D. Carvajal
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Jennifer A. Oberg
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Henick BS, Ingham M, Shirazi M, Marboe C, Turk A, Hsiao S, Mansukhani MM. Assay Complementarity to Overcome False-Negative Testing for Microsatellite Instability/Mismatch Repair Deficiency: A Pembrolizumab-Sensitive Intimal Sarcoma. JCO Precis Oncol 2020; 4:570-574. [DOI: 10.1200/po.19.00351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Brian S. Henick
- Department of Medicine, Medical Oncology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York City, NY
| | - Matthew Ingham
- Department of Medicine, Medical Oncology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York City, NY
| | - Maryam Shirazi
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Pathology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York City, NY
| | - Charles Marboe
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Pathology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York City, NY
| | - Andrew Turk
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Pathology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York City, NY
| | - Susan Hsiao
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Pathology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York City, NY
| | - Mahesh M. Mansukhani
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Pathology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York City, NY
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Lopez JS, Camidge R, Iafolla M, Rottey S, Schuler M, Hellmann M, Balmanoukian A, Dirix L, Gordon M, Sullivan R, Henick BS, Drake C, Wong K, LoRusso P, Ott P, Fong L, Schiza A, Yachnin J, Ottensmeier C, Braiteh F, Bendell J, Leidner R, Fisher G, Jerusalem G, Molenaar-Kuijsten L, Schmidt M, Laurie SA, Aljumaily R, Rittmeyer A, Gort E, Melero I, Mueller L, Sabado R, Twomey P, Huang J, Yadav M, Zhang J, Mueller F, Derhovanessian E, Sahin U, Türeci Ö, Powles T. Abstract CT301: A phase Ib study to evaluate RO7198457, an individualized Neoantigen Specific immunoTherapy (iNeST), in combination with atezolizumab in patients with locally advanced or metastatic solid tumors. Cancer Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2020-ct301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Neoantigens arising from somatic mutations are attractive targets for cancer immunotherapy as they may be recognized as foreign by the immune system. RO7198457, a systemically administered RNA-Lipoplex iNeST was designed to stimulate T cell responses against neoantigens. A first-in-human Phase Ib study of RO7198457, in combination with the aPD-L1 antibody atezolizumab is being conducted in patients with locally advanced or metastatic solid tumors. Methods: RO7198457 is manufactured on a per-patient basis and contains up to 20 tumor-specific neoepitopes. Nine doses of RO7198457 were administered i.v. in weekly and bi-weekly intervals during the 12-week induction stage and every 24 weeks during the maintenance stage. Atezolizumab 1200 mg was administered on Day 1 of each 21-day cycle. Results: In total, 132 patients enrolled in cohorts with doses ranging from 15-50 μg RO7198457 in combination with atezolizumab. Most common tumor types were NSCLC, TNBC, melanoma and CRC. The median number of prior therapies was 3 (range 1-11). 39% of patients received prior immunotherapy. Most patients had low levels of PD-L1 expression (93% patients with <5% PD-L1 expression on tumor cells, 79% patients with <5% expression on immune cells). The median number of RO7198457 doses received was 8; 16% of patients discontinued due to PD prior to completing 6 weeks of therapy. The majority of adverse events (AE) were Grade 1-2. AEs occurring in ≥ 15% of patients included infusion related reaction (IRR)/cytokine release syndrome (CRS), fatigue, nausea and diarrhea. IRR/CRS were transient and reversible and presented primarily as Grade 1-2 chills and fever. There were no DLTs. Seven patients (5%) discontinued treatment due to AEs related to study drugs. RO1798457 induced pulsatile release of pro-inflammatory cytokines with each dose, consistent with the innate immune agonist activity of the RNA. RO7198457 induced neoantigen-specific T cell responses were observed in peripheral blood in 37/49 (77%) patients by ex vivo ELISPOT or MHC multimer analysis. Induction of up to 6% MHC multimer-stained CD8+ T-cells with memory phenotype was observed in peripheral blood. RO7198457-induced T cells against multiple neoantigens that were detected in post-treatment tumor biopsies. Of 108 patients who underwent at least one tumor assessment, 9 responded (ORR 8%, including 1 CR) and 53 had SD (49%). Conclusion: RO7198457 in combination with atezolizumab has a manageable safety profile consistent with the mechanisms of action of the study drugs and induces significant levels of neoantigen-specific immune responses. A randomized Ph2 study of RO7198457 1L melanoma patients in combination with pembrolizumab has been initiated, and two randomized clinical trials are planned for the adjuvant treatment of patients with NSCLC and CRC.
Citation Format: Juanita S. Lopez, Ross Camidge, Marco Iafolla, Sylvie Rottey, Martin Schuler, Matthew Hellmann, Ani Balmanoukian, Luc Dirix, Michael Gordon, Ryan Sullivan, Brian S. Henick, Charles Drake, Kit Wong, Patricia LoRusso, Patrick Ott, Lawrence Fong, Aglaia Schiza, Jeffery Yachnin, Christian Ottensmeier, Fadi Braiteh, Johanna Bendell, Rom Leidner, George Fisher, Guy Jerusalem, Laura Molenaar-Kuijsten, Marcus Schmidt, Scott A. Laurie, Raid Aljumaily, Achim Rittmeyer, Eelke Gort, Ignacio Melero, Lars Mueller, Rachel Sabado, Patrick Twomey, Jack Huang, Manesh Yadav, Jingbin Zhang, Felicitas Mueller, Evelyna Derhovanessian, Ugur Sahin, Özlem Türeci, Thomas Powles. A phase Ib study to evaluate RO7198457, an individualized Neoantigen Specific immunoTherapy (iNeST), in combination with atezolizumab in patients with locally advanced or metastatic solid tumors [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr CT301.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juanita S. Lopez
- 1The Royal Marsden Hospital (Sutton, Surrey), Sutton, United Kingdom
| | - Ross Camidge
- 2University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO
| | - Marco Iafolla
- 3Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | - Luc Dirix
- 8GZA Hospitals Sint-Augustinus, Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | - Kit Wong
- 12Seattle Cancer Care Alliance, Seattle, WA
| | | | | | - Lawrence Fong
- 15UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA
| | | | | | | | - Fadi Braiteh
- 19Comprehensive Cancer Center Nevada, Las Vegas, NV
| | - Johanna Bendell
- 20Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, TN
| | - Rom Leidner
- 21Providence Cancer Center EACRI, Portland, PA
| | - George Fisher
- 22Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jack Huang
- 31Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Ding A, Villarroel-Espindola F, Ducler A, Henick BS, Desai S, Gianino N, Zugazagoitia J, Rimm DL, Robert A, Cruzalegui F, Ferré P, Herbst R, Sanmamed M, Chen L, Schalper KA. Abstract 5525: VISTA/PSGL1 axis as a dominant immunomodulatory pathway in human non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2020-5525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction.
VISTA/PD-1H is an Ig domain-containing type I transmembrane protein able to suppress T-cell activation and is being evaluated as a candidate anti-cancer immunotherapy target. VISTA can bind P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL1) and V-set and immunoglobulin domain containing 3 (VSIG3) suggesting these interactions could mediate VISTA's immunomodulatory effect. We studied the tissue distribution of VISTA, PSGL1 and VSIG3 in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Methods
We used multiplexed quantitative immunofluorescence (QIF) to simultaneously measure DAPI, cytokeratin (CK), VISTA, PSGL1 and VSIG3 in 48 paired tumor/normal lung samples and in 850 stage I-IV NSCLCs from four independent cohorts represented in tissue microarray format. The first 2 NSCLC cohorts (Cohorts #1, n=382 and #2, n=282) included cases treated with standard of care non-immunotherapy. Cohort #3 included 137 lung adenocarcinomas with analysis of mutant oncogenic drivers; and Cohort #4 included 49 NSCLC cases treated with PD-1 axis blockers. The targets were selectively measured in CK+ tumor cells and CK-negative stromal cells. We also determined the spatial association between VISTA and its binding partners by fluorescence signal co-localization. The association between target levels, clinicopathologic/molecular variables, tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), PD-L1 expression and survival was established.
Results
PSGL1 was located predominantly in stromal/immune cells and VSIG3 was detected in both tumor and stromal compartments. Both targets were expressed at higher levels in NSCLC than in non-tumor lung tissue and showed a positive association with VISTA in cancer tissues. Using the visual detection threshold PSGL1 and VSIG3 expression were detected in >90% of cases from cohorts #1 and #2 and showed positive association with CD3+ TILs and PD-L1 levels. PSGL1 was higher in lung adenocarcinomas harboring EGFR mutations than in tumors with KRAS variants or cases lacking mutations in both oncogenes. Elevated VISTA/PSGL1 co-localization was significantly associated with longer 5-year overall survival in cases not treated with immunostimulatory therapy (Cohorts #1 and #2). However, an opposite association was seen in cases treated with PD-1 axis blockers, where elevated VISTA/PSGL1 co-expression was associated with shorter survival.
Conclusions
PSGL1 and VSIG3 are frequently expressed in human NSCLC. Expression of PSGL1 is associated with increased tumor immune infiltration and activating EGFR mutations. High baseline VISTA/PSGL1 co-expression is associated with adverse outcome after PD-1 axis blockers. The latter suggest VISTA/PSGL1 as a dominant immune evasion pathway independent from PD-1/PD-L1 axis in a subset of human NSCLC. Validation of these findings is ongoing.
Citation Format: Alicia Ding, Franz Villarroel-Espindola, Adam Ducler, Brian S. Henick, Shruti Desai, Nicole Gianino, Jon Zugazagoitia, David L. Rimm, Alain Robert, Francisco Cruzalegui, Pierre Ferré, Roy Herbst, Miguel Sanmamed, Lieping Chen, Kurt A. Schalper. VISTA/PSGL1 axis as a dominant immunomodulatory pathway in human non-small cell lung cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr 5525.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Alain Robert
- 2Pierre Fabre Research Institute, St-Julien-en-Genevois, France
| | | | - Pierre Ferré
- 3Pierre Fabre Research Institute, Toulouse, France
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Hastings K, Yu HA, Wei W, Sanchez-Vega F, DeVeaux M, Choi J, Rizvi H, Lisberg A, Truini A, Lydon CA, Liu Z, Henick BS, Wurtz A, Cai G, Plodkowski AJ, Long NM, Halpenny DF, Killam J, Oliva I, Schultz N, Riely GJ, Arcila ME, Ladanyi M, Zelterman D, Herbst RS, Goldberg SB, Awad MM, Garon EB, Gettinger S, Hellmann MD, Politi K. EGFR mutation subtypes and response to immune checkpoint blockade treatment in non-small-cell lung cancer. Ann Oncol 2020; 30:1311-1320. [PMID: 31086949 PMCID: PMC6683857 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although EGFR mutant tumors exhibit low response rates to immune checkpoint blockade overall, some EGFR mutant tumors do respond to these therapies; however, there is a lack of understanding of the characteristics of EGFR mutant lung tumors responsive to immune checkpoint blockade. Patients and methods We retrospectively analyzed de-identified clinical and molecular data on 171 cases of EGFR mutant lung tumors treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors from the Yale Cancer Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, University of California Los Angeles, and Dana Farber Cancer Institute. A separate cohort of 383 EGFR mutant lung cancer cases with sequencing data available from the Yale Cancer Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, and The Cancer Genome Atlas was compiled to assess the relationship between tumor mutation burden and specific EGFR alterations. Results Compared with 212 EGFR wild-type lung cancers, outcomes with programmed cell death 1 or programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-(L)1) blockade were worse in patients with lung tumors harboring alterations in exon 19 of EGFR (EGFRΔ19) but similar for EGFRL858R lung tumors. EGFRT790M status and PD-L1 expression did not impact response or survival outcomes to immune checkpoint blockade. PD-L1 expression was similar across EGFR alleles. Lung tumors with EGFRΔ19 alterations harbored a lower tumor mutation burden compared with EGFRL858R lung tumors despite similar smoking history. Conclusions EGFR mutant tumors have generally low response to immune checkpoint inhibitors, but outcomes vary by allele. Understanding the heterogeneity of EGFR mutant tumors may be informative for establishing the benefits and uses of PD-(L)1 therapies for patients with this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - H A Yu
- Department of Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York; Weill Cornell Medical College, New York
| | - W Wei
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven
| | - F Sanchez-Vega
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program; Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering, New York
| | - M DeVeaux
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven
| | - J Choi
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven
| | - H Rizvi
- Druckenmiller Center for Lung Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York
| | - A Lisberg
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles
| | | | - C A Lydon
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston
| | - Z Liu
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven
| | - B S Henick
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York; Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York
| | - A Wurtz
- Yale Cancer Center, New Haven
| | - G Cai
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven
| | - A J Plodkowski
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York
| | - N M Long
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York
| | - D F Halpenny
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York
| | - J Killam
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven
| | - I Oliva
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven
| | - N Schultz
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program; Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering, New York; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics
| | - G J Riely
- Department of Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York; Weill Cornell Medical College, New York
| | - M E Arcila
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York
| | - M Ladanyi
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York
| | | | - R S Herbst
- Yale Cancer Center, New Haven; Department of Medicine (Section of Medical Oncology), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, USA
| | - S B Goldberg
- Yale Cancer Center, New Haven; Department of Medicine (Section of Medical Oncology), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, USA
| | - M M Awad
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston
| | - E B Garon
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles
| | - S Gettinger
- Yale Cancer Center, New Haven; Department of Medicine (Section of Medical Oncology), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, USA
| | - M D Hellmann
- Department of Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York; Weill Cornell Medical College, New York.
| | - K Politi
- Yale Cancer Center, New Haven; Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven; Department of Medicine (Section of Medical Oncology), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Drake CG, Johnson ML, Spira AI, Manji GA, Carbone DP, Henick BS, Ingham M, Liao CY, Roychowdhury S, Kyi C, Basciano PA, Bournazou E, Abhyankar J, Bezawada A, Kounavouth S, Schenk D, Ferguson AR, Rousseau RF, Catenacci DV. Personalized viral-based prime/boost immunotherapy targeting patient-specific or shared neoantigens: Immunogenicity, safety, and efficacy results from two ongoing phase I studies. J Clin Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.3137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
3137 Background: Neoantigens are key targets of a tumor-specific immune response and CD8 T cells targeting neoantigens drive clinical benefit in patients (pts) treated with checkpoint inhibitors. Methods: Two Phase I studies are being conducted to assess the safety, immunogenicity, and early clinical activity of a viral-based neoantigen-targeting prime/boost immunotherapy aimed at maximizing the CD8 T cell response. Both studies use a chimpanzee adenovirus prime followed by increasing doses of repeat boosts with a self-amplifying mRNA in combination with IV nivolumab +/- SC ipilimumab. In the first study, GO-004, patient-specific neoantigens are predicted using Gritstone's EDGE model and incorporated into both prime/boost vectors. In GO-005, shared neoantigens derived from common driver mutations (including several from KRAS) are encoded in off-the-shelf prime/boost vectors. Results: To date, 12 pts have been treated: 6 pts with GEA, NSCLC, or MSS-CRC (GO-004) and 6 pts with NSCLC, MSS-CRC, or PDA (GO-005) with all pts receiving IV nivolumab and 5 pts also receiving SC ipilimumab. Nine pts continue to receive study treatment. No DLTs have been observed. Treatment-related AEs are reversible and include Grade 1/2 fever (7/12), injection site reactions (4/12), fatigue (3/12), diarrhea (2/12), hypotension (2/12), pruritus (2/12), skin reactions (2/12), anorexia (1/12), dyspnea (1/12), hyponatremia (1/12), infusion-related reactions (1/12), myalgia (1/12), and asymptomatic Grade 3 CK elevation (1/12). At the time of analysis, 8 of 12 pts with ≥ 1 radiographic assessment have a best response of stable disease (SD) (3) and progressive disease (PD) (4), and one pt with no evaluable disease at baseline continues on study > 8 months. In GO-005, 1 pt with SD has a 20% reduction in tumor dimensions that correlates with a decrease in ctDNA. In 4 pts in GO-004 analyzed to date, all pts showed substantial neoantigen-specific CD8 T cell responses to multiple neoantigens after priming which increase further in 2 of 3 pts analyzed after subsequent boosts. In GO-005, 1 of 3 pts showed a robust KRAS G12C-specific CD8 T cell response. Induced T cells express IFNg and granzyme B, consistent with an effector response. Conclusions: Taken together, these early data support the tolerability of a viral-based prime/boost immunotherapy, demonstrate marked immunogenicity, and are consistent with potential clinical activity. Additional pts and data at higher dose levels will be presented. Clinical trial information: NCT03639714, NCT03953235 .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Gulam Abbas Manji
- Columbia University Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Chrisann Kyi
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Henick BS. Elite Intratumoral T-cell Clonotypes (The 1%) Effect "Trickle-Down Cytotoxicity". Clin Cancer Res 2020; 26:1205-1207. [PMID: 31919138 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-19-3788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Careful study of T-cell clonal dynamics in patients with non-small cell lung cancer treated with neoadjuvant nivolumab suggests that successful trafficking of clones from a proliferative burst in the periphery to the tumor associates with major pathologic response. Integration of these findings with functional analysis may augment current therapeutic strategies.See related article by Zhang et al., p. 1327.
Collapse
|
29
|
Liu Y, Zugazagoitia J, Ahmed FS, Henick BS, Gettinger SN, Herbst RS, Schalper KA, Rimm DL. Immune Cell PD-L1 Colocalizes with Macrophages and Is Associated with Outcome in PD-1 Pathway Blockade Therapy. Clin Cancer Res 2020. [PMID: 31615933 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-19-1040z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) is expressed in tumor cells and immune cells, and both have been associated with response to anti-PD-1 axis immunotherapy. Here, we examine the expression of PD-L1 to determine which cell type carries the predictive value of the test. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We measured the expression of PD-L1 in multiple immune cells with two platforms and confocal microscopy on three retrospective Yale NSCLC cohorts (425 nonimmunotherapy-treated cases and 62 pembrolizumab/nivolumab/atezolizumab-treated cases). The PD-L1 level was selectively measured in different immune cell subsets using two multiplexed quantitative immunofluorescence panels, including CD56 for natural killer cells, CD68 for macrophages, and CD8 for cytotoxic T cells. RESULTS PD-L1 was significantly higher in macrophages in both tumor and stromal compartment compared with other immune cells. Elevated PD-L1 in macrophages was correlated with high PD-L1 level in tumor as well as CD8 and CD68 level (P < 0.0001). High PD-L1 expression in macrophages was correlated with better overall survival (OS; P = 0.036 by cell count/P = 0.019 by molecular colocalization), while high PD-L1 expression in tumor cells was not. CONCLUSIONS In nearly 500 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cases, the predominant immune cell type that expresses PD-L1 is CD68+ macrophages. The level of PD-L1 in macrophages is significantly associated with the level of PD-L1 in tumor cells and infiltration by CD8+ T cells, suggesting a connection between high PD-L1 and "hot" tumors. In anti-PD-1 axis therapy-treated patients, high levels of PD-L1 expression in macrophages are associated with longer OS and may be responsible for the predictive effect of the marker.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Liu
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Jon Zugazagoitia
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Fahad Shabbir Ahmed
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Brian S Henick
- Department of Medicine (Oncology), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Scott N Gettinger
- Department of Medicine (Oncology), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Roy S Herbst
- Department of Medicine (Oncology), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Kurt A Schalper
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
- Department of Medicine (Oncology), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - David L Rimm
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
- Department of Medicine (Oncology), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Liu Y, Zugazagoitia J, Ahmed FS, Henick BS, Gettinger SN, Herbst RS, Schalper KA, Rimm DL. Immune Cell PD-L1 Colocalizes with Macrophages and Is Associated with Outcome in PD-1 Pathway Blockade Therapy. Clin Cancer Res 2019; 26:970-977. [PMID: 31615933 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-19-1040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) is expressed in tumor cells and immune cells, and both have been associated with response to anti-PD-1 axis immunotherapy. Here, we examine the expression of PD-L1 to determine which cell type carries the predictive value of the test. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We measured the expression of PD-L1 in multiple immune cells with two platforms and confocal microscopy on three retrospective Yale NSCLC cohorts (425 nonimmunotherapy-treated cases and 62 pembrolizumab/nivolumab/atezolizumab-treated cases). The PD-L1 level was selectively measured in different immune cell subsets using two multiplexed quantitative immunofluorescence panels, including CD56 for natural killer cells, CD68 for macrophages, and CD8 for cytotoxic T cells. RESULTS PD-L1 was significantly higher in macrophages in both tumor and stromal compartment compared with other immune cells. Elevated PD-L1 in macrophages was correlated with high PD-L1 level in tumor as well as CD8 and CD68 level (P < 0.0001). High PD-L1 expression in macrophages was correlated with better overall survival (OS; P = 0.036 by cell count/P = 0.019 by molecular colocalization), while high PD-L1 expression in tumor cells was not. CONCLUSIONS In nearly 500 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cases, the predominant immune cell type that expresses PD-L1 is CD68+ macrophages. The level of PD-L1 in macrophages is significantly associated with the level of PD-L1 in tumor cells and infiltration by CD8+ T cells, suggesting a connection between high PD-L1 and "hot" tumors. In anti-PD-1 axis therapy-treated patients, high levels of PD-L1 expression in macrophages are associated with longer OS and may be responsible for the predictive effect of the marker.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Liu
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Jon Zugazagoitia
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Fahad Shabbir Ahmed
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Brian S Henick
- Department of Medicine (Oncology), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Scott N Gettinger
- Department of Medicine (Oncology), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Roy S Herbst
- Department of Medicine (Oncology), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Kurt A Schalper
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Department of Medicine (Oncology), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - David L Rimm
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut. .,Department of Medicine (Oncology), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Zugazagoitia J, Liu Y, Toki M, McGuire J, Ahmed FS, Henick BS, Gupta R, Gettinger SN, Herbst RS, Schalper KA, Rimm DL. Quantitative Assessment of CMTM6 in the Tumor Microenvironment and Association with Response to PD-1 Pathway Blockade in Advanced-Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2019; 14:2084-2096. [PMID: 31605795 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION CKLF like MARVEL transmembrane domain containing 6 (CMTM6) has been described as a programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) regulator at the protein level by modulating stability through ubiquitination. In this study, we describe the patterns of CMTM6 expression and assess its association with response to programmed cell death 1 pathway blockade in NSCLC. METHODS We used multiplexed quantitative immunofluorescence to determine the expression of CMTM6 and PD-L1 in 438 NSCLCs represented in tissue microarrays, including in two independent retrospective cohorts of immunotherapy-treated (n = 69) and non-immunotherapy-treated (n = 258) patients and a third collection of EGFR- and KRAS-genotyped tumors (n = 111). RESULTS Tumor and stromal CMTM6 expression was detected in approximately 70% of NSCLCs. CMTM6 expression was not associated with clinical features or EGFR/KRAS mutational status and showed a modest correlation with T-cell infiltration (R2 < 0.40). We found a significant correlation between CMTM6 and PD-L1, which was higher in the stroma (R2 = 0.51) than in tumor cells (R2 = 0.35). In our retrospective NSCLC cohort, neither CMTM6 nor PD-L1 expression alone significantly predicted immunotherapy outcomes. However, high CMTM6 and PD-L1 coexpression in the stromal and CD68 compartments (adjusted hazard ratio = 0.38, p = 0.03), but not in tumor cells (p = 0.15), was significantly associated with longer overall survival in treated patients but was not observed in the absence of immunotherapy. CONCLUSION This study supports the mechanistic role for CMTM6 in stabilization of PD-L1 in patient tumors and suggests that high coexpression of CMTM6 and PD-L1, particularly in stromal immune cells (macrophages), might identify the greatest benefit from programmed cell death 1 axis blockade in NSCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jon Zugazagoitia
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Yuting Liu
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Maria Toki
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; Department of Medicine, Sotiria General Hospital, Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - John McGuire
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Fahad Shabbir Ahmed
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Brian S Henick
- Department of Medicine (Oncology), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Richa Gupta
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Scott N Gettinger
- Department of Medicine (Oncology), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Roy S Herbst
- Department of Medicine (Oncology), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Kurt A Schalper
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; Department of Medicine (Oncology), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - David L Rimm
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; Department of Medicine (Oncology), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Datar I, Sanmamed MF, Wang J, Henick BS, Choi J, Badri T, Dong W, Mani N, Toki M, Mejías LD, Lozano MD, Perez-Gracia JL, Velcheti V, Hellmann MD, Gainor JF, McEachern K, Jenkins D, Syrigos K, Politi K, Gettinger S, Rimm DL, Herbst RS, Melero I, Chen L, Schalper KA. Expression Analysis and Significance of PD-1, LAG-3, and TIM-3 in Human Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Using Spatially Resolved and Multiparametric Single-Cell Analysis. Clin Cancer Res 2019; 25:4663-4673. [PMID: 31053602 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-4142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the tumor tissue/cell distribution, functional associations, and clinical significance of PD-1, LAG-3, and TIM-3 protein expression in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Using multiplexed quantitative immunofluorescence, we performed localized measurements of CD3, PD-1, LAG-3, and TIM-3 protein in >800 clinically annotated NSCLCs from three independent cohorts represented in tissue microarrays. Associations between the marker's expression and major genomic alterations were studied in The Cancer Genome Atlas NSCLC dataset. Using mass cytometry (CyTOF) analysis of leukocytes collected from 20 resected NSCLCs, we determined the levels, coexpression, and functional profile of PD-1, LAG-3, and TIM-3 expressing immune cells. Finally, we measured the markers in baseline samples from 90 patients with advanced NSCLC treated with PD-1 axis blockers and known response to treatment. RESULTS PD-1, LAG-3, and TIM-3 were detected in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) from 55%, 41.5%, and 25.3% of NSCLC cases, respectively. These markers showed a prominent association with each other and limited association with major clinicopathologic variables and survival in patients not receiving immunotherapy. Expression of the markers was lower in EGFR-mutated adenocarcinomas and displayed limited association with tumor mutational burden. In single-cell CyTOF analysis, PD-1 and LAG-3 were predominantly localized on T-cell subsets/NKT cells, whereas TIM-3 expression was higher in NK cells and macrophages. Coexpression of PD-1, LAG-3, and TIM-3 was associated with prominent T-cell activation (CD69/CD137), effector function (Granzyme-B), and proliferation (Ki-67), but also with elevated levels of proapoptotic markers (FAS/BIM). LAG-3 and TIM-3 were present in TIL subsets lacking PD-1 expression and showed a distinct functional profile. In baseline samples from 90 patients with advanced NSCLC treated with PD-1 axis blockers, elevated LAG-3 was significantly associated with shorter progression-free survival. CONCLUSIONS PD-1, LAG-3, and TIM-3 have distinct tissue/cell distribution, functional implications, and genomic correlates in human NSCLC. Expression of these immune inhibitory receptors in TILs is associated with prominent activation, but also with a proapoptotic T-cell phenotype. Elevated LAG-3 expression is associated with insensitivity to PD-1 axis blockade, suggesting independence of these immune evasion pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ila Datar
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Department of Medical Oncology, Yale University, Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Miguel F Sanmamed
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Clinic University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Brian S Henick
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Department of Medical Oncology, Yale University, Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Jungmin Choi
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Ti Badri
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Weilai Dong
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Nikita Mani
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Maria Toki
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | | | | | | | - Vamsidhar Velcheti
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, New York University, Langone Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Matthew D Hellmann
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York.,Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, California
| | - Justin F Gainor
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | | | | | - Katerina Politi
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Department of Medical Oncology, Yale University, Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Scott Gettinger
- Department of Medical Oncology, Yale University, Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - David L Rimm
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Department of Medical Oncology, Yale University, Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Roy S Herbst
- Department of Medical Oncology, Yale University, Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Ignacio Melero
- Clinic University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lieping Chen
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Kurt A Schalper
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut. .,Department of Medical Oncology, Yale University, Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, Connecticut
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Datar I, Villarroel-Espindola F, Henick BS, Syrigos KN, Toki M, Rimm DL, Ferrone S, Herbst RS, Schalper KA. Expression and clinical significance of antigen presentation components beta-2 microglobulin, HLA class I heavy chains, and HLA class II in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). J Clin Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2018.36.15_suppl.12015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ila Datar
- Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Henick BS, Datar I, Villarroel-Espindola F, Sanmamed MF, Yu J, Tuktamyshov R, Li AC, Toki M, Syrigos KN, Rimm DL, Chen L, Herbst RS, Schalper KA. Multiplexed analysis of myeloid cell (MC) markers to characterize the innate immune composition and clinical features of human non-small cell lung carcinomas (NSCLC). J Clin Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2018.36.15_suppl.12002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ila Datar
- Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | | | - Miguel F. Sanmamed
- CIMA, CUN. Department of Oncology. University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jovian Yu
- Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | | | - Alice Chuan Li
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Datar I, Mani N, Henick BS, Wurtz A, Kaftan E, Herbst RS, Rimm DL, Gettinger SN, Politi KA, Schalper KA. Measurement of PD-1, TIM-3 and LAG-3 protein in non-small cell lung carcinomas (NSCLCs) with acquired resistance to PD-1 axis blockers. J Clin Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.e14611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
e14611 Background: PD-1 axis blockade induces lasting clinical responses in ~20% of patients with advanced NSCLC. However, most patients eventually develop resistance. Acquired resistance is poorly understood, but may be mediated by alternative immune suppressive pathways. Methods: Using multiplex immunofluorescence we simultaneously measured levels of DAPI, CD3 (D7AE6), PD-1 (EH33), TIM-3 (D5D5R) and LAG-3 (17B4) in 11 whole tissue sections obtained from patients with NSCLC before PD-1 axis blockade and after acquired resistance (8 cases with progression on-treatment and 3 with progression off-therapy). Markers were measured in the whole tumor area or in CD3+ T-cells using fluorescence co-localization. The association between markers and changes upon acquired resistance were studied. Results: Expression of PD-1, TIM-3 and LAG-3 was seen in all cases with membranous staining pattern and signal predominantly located in CD3+ T-cells. Levels of TIM-3 and LAG-3 in T-cells were significantly correlated (Spearman’s R = 0.65, P = 0.001), but were not associated with PD-1 (R = -0.03, P = 0.86 for TIM-3 and PD-1; and R = 0.24, P = 0.28 for LAG-3 and PD-1). Compared to pre-treatment samples, 6 cases (55%) showed significantly higher levels of PD-1 or LAG-3 on acquired resistance and 5 cases (45%) had higher TIM-3. Of these, 4 cases had higher levels of the 3 markers and were on-therapy at progression. Lower levels of PD-1, TIM-3, and LAG-3 were found on acquired resistance in 5 (45%), 6 (55%), and 4 (36%) cases, respectively. Four of these cases showed lower levels of all inhibitory receptors, 3 of which were off-therapy at progression. Only one case had no change in LAG-3 levels. Conclusions: PD-1, TIM-3 and LAG-3 were expressed in the majority of NSCLCs with signal predominantly located in T-lymphocytes. Among acquired resistance cases, higher levels of PD-1, TIM-3 and LAG-3 were associated with progression on-treatment. Lower levels of the markers were associated with progression off-therapy. Although multiple mechanisms may exist, up-regulation of alternative immune inhibitory receptors such as TIM-3 and LAG-3 could mediate acquired resistance to PD-1 axis blockers in a proportion of NSCLCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ila Datar
- Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Henick BS, Goldberg SB, Narayan A, Rossi C, Rodney S, Kole AJ, Politi KA, Gettinger SN, Herbst RS, Patel A. Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) to monitor treatment response and progression in patients treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and immunotherapy for EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). J Clin Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.e20652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
e20652 Background: Detection of EGFR mutations in ctDNA can help determine appropriateness of TKI therapy for patients with NSCLC. We investigated whether longitudinal monitoring of ctDNA levels can be used to assess response to therapy and disease progression, with a focus on EGFR mutation-positive patients treated with immunotherapy. Methods: Serially collected blood from patients with EGFR mutation-positive NSCLC treated with TKIs and/or immunotherapy was analyzed using an ultrasensitive 24-gene next-generation sequencing assay. Clinical characteristics and outcomes were analyzed retrospectively by chart review. Results: We studied quantitative changes in ctDNA levels during treatment by analyzing somatic mutations in 91 plasma samples from 8 patients with EGFR-mutant NSCLC, including samples collected around the time of disease progression for a subset of patients. Two patients treated with PD-1 inhibitor monotherapy experienced a rise in ctDNA harboring EGFR-sensitizing mutations prior to radiographic progression. A third patient was started on anti-PD-1 monotherapy following disease progression on erlotinib. Plasma levels of L858R, T790M, and TP53 mutations were detectable on treatment initiation and decreased with radiographic response. The levels of these mutations rose at progression,fell with response to EGFR-directed therapy, and increased again before disease progression. Another patient was found to have mutations in EGFR, T790M, and TP53 that fell upon treatment with combination TKI therapy. The remaining four patients studied were treated with concurrent TKI and immunotherapy. In all of these cases, sensitizing EGFR mutations were present in plasma at low levels during response to treatment. Two of the four patients had a rise in ctDNA level at the time of radiographic progression; the other two patients had durable responses with persistently low ctDNA levels. Analysis of additional cases is ongoing. Conclusions: Monitoring quantitative changes in ctDNA may enable assessment of response or disease progression in immunotherapy- and TKI-treated EGFR-mutant NSCLC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Simon Rodney
- University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Immunotherapy is emerging as a powerful approach in cancer treatment. Preclinical data predicted the antineoplastic effects seen in clinical trials of programmed death-1 (PD-1) pathway inhibitors, as well as their observed toxicities. The results of early clinical trials are extraordinarily promising in several cancer types and have shaped the direction of ongoing and future studies. AREAS COVERED This review describes the biological rationale for targeting the PD-1 pathway with monoclonal antibodies for the treatment of cancer as a context for examining the results of early clinical trials. It also surveys the landscape of ongoing clinical trials and discusses their anticipated strengths and limitations. EXPERT OPINION PD-1 pathway inhibition represents a new frontier in cancer immunotherapy, which shows clear evidence of activity in various tumor types including NSCLC and melanoma. Ongoing and upcoming trials will examine optimal combinations of these agents, which should further define their role across tumor types. Current limitations include the absence of a reliable companion diagnostic to predict likely responders, as well as lack of data in early-stage cancer when treatment has the potential to increase cure rates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian S Henick
- Yale School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Resident in Internal Medicine , 333 Cedar Street, FMP 125, New Haven, CT 06520-8028 , USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|