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Avdan G, Onal S, Smith BK. Normalization of EMG Signals: Optimal MVC Positions for the Lower Limb Muscle Groups in Healthy Subjects. J Med Biol Eng 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s40846-023-00782-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
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Mullenix D, Smith BK. Acute Changes In Sedentary Behavior Following Aerobic Exercise In Overweight And Obese Females. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2022. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000875888.99703.8e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Skillrud LR, Smith BK. Comparison Of Exercise Energy Expenditure Estimates From The Polar V800, M430, And OH-1. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2022. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000875228.36213.ec] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Agne AA, Skillrud LR, Smith BK. Acute Glucose Responses Following Combined Arm And Leg Cycling. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2022. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000880128.25696.48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Pickens BD, Smith BK, Webb B. Comparison Of Objective And Subjective Methods To Assess Sitting Time In College Students. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2022. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000880100.14277.1e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Wooten JS, Breden M, Hoeg T, Smith BK. Effects of weight-loss on adipokines, total and regional body composition and markers of metabolic syndrome in women who are overweight and obese. Endocrine and Metabolic Science 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.endmts.2022.100120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022] Open
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Moris JM, Olendorff SA, Zajac CM, Fernandez Del Valle M, Webb BL, Zuercher J, Smith BK, Tucker KR, Guilford BL. Collegiate Male Athletes Exhibit Conditions of the Male Athlete Triad. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2021; 47:328-336. [PMID: 34807739 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2021-0512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The primary purpose of this study was to determine prevalence of the Male Athlete Triad (MAT) conditions: low energy availability (EA), low bone mineral density (BMD), and low testosterone in male collegiate athletes from different sports. Participants included 44 collegiate male athletes (age, 20.4 ± 0.2 yr; BMI, 25.3 ± 1.3 kg/m2) from seven sports (cross country, soccer, basketball, wrestling, track, golf, and baseball). Resting metabolic rate, three-day food intake, seven-day exercise energy expenditure, body composition, and reproductive and metabolic hormones were assessed. Of the total participants, 15% had low EA, 0% had low BMD, 28% had low total testosterone (TT), and 80% had low calculated free testosterone (cFT). There were no significant correlations between EA, BMD, TT, and cFT. Insulin and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) were below and on the upper end of the reference range for healthy male adults, respectively. Insulin was negatively correlated with total (r = -0.330, p = 0.043) and lumbar spine BMD z-scores (r = -0.413, p = 0.010). Low TT and low cFT were the most prevalent MAT conditions among all athletes. Further research should investigate the relationship between insulin and SHBG and the role of these hormones in the MAT. Novelty Bullets • Assessment of energy availability alone is not sufficient to identify physiological disturbances in collegiate male athletes. • Low total and/or free testosterone may be present in some collegiate male athletes, regardless of BMD status. • Low insulin and high SHBG concentration may portray the presence of conditions of the MAT in male collegiate athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose M Moris
- Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, 33140, Applied Health, Edwardsville, Illinois, United States;
| | - Samantha A Olendorff
- Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, 33140, Chemistry, Edwardsville, Illinois, United States;
| | - Chelsie M Zajac
- Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, 33140, Applied Health, Edwardsville, Illinois, United States;
| | - Maria Fernandez Del Valle
- Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, 33140, Applied Health, Vadalabene Center, Campus box 1126, VC 2626, Edwardsville, Illinois, United States, 62026-1001;
| | - Benjamin L Webb
- Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, 33140, Applied Health, Edwardsville, Illinois, United States;
| | - Jennifer Zuercher
- Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, 33140, Applied Health, Edwardsville, Illinois, United States;
| | - Bryan K Smith
- Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, 33140, Applied Health, Edwardsville, Illinois, United States;
| | - Kevin R Tucker
- Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, 33140, Chemistry, Edwardsville, Illinois, United States;
| | - Brianne L Guilford
- Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, 33140, Applied Health, Edwardsville, Illinois, United States;
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Abstract
ABSTRACT Snyder, NC, Willoughby, CA, and Smith, BK. Comparison of the Polar V800 and the Garmin Forerunner 230 to predict V̇o2max. J Strength Cond Res 35(5): 1403-1409, 2021-The purpose of this study was to compare maximal oxygen consumption (V̇o2max) values (Amax) with predicted V̇o2max values obtained from the Polar V800 (PV800) and the Garmin Forerunner 230 (GF230) to determine whether the accuracy of these estimates differs between sexes. The PV800 predicts V̇o2max based on resting heart rate (HR). The GF230 predicts V̇o2max based on a 10-minute, self-paced outdoor run. Subjects consisted of 22 women and 22 men. After a 10-minute supine rest, predicted V̇o2max (Pmax) values from the PV800 were measured during a 5-minute supine rest. Subjects then completed a treadmill V̇o2max test to determine Amax. Within 48 hours of obtaining Amax, individuals completed a 10-minute, self-paced outdoor run using the GF230 to predict V̇o2max (Gmax). A 2-way (watch vs. sex) analysis of variance was used to determine whether there were differences between predicted V̇o2max and Amax between sexes. A significant interaction between HR monitors and sex was found (p = 0.007). Follow-up analysis showed that in men, Pmax was significantly overestimated compared with Gmax (3.87 ± 1.53 ml·kg-1·min-1, p = 0.013). Bland-Altman plots revealed large random errors that ranged from 6.6 to 16.4 ml·kg-1·min-1 with the PV800 having larger errors than the GF230. The results of this study indicate that the GF230 can provide an accurate estimate of V̇o2max in both sexes. The PV800 can provide an accurate estimate of V̇o2max for women but not men. Estimates of V̇o2max from the both devices should be used with caution because of the large random error associated with them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolas C Snyder
- Department of Applied Health, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, Edwardsville, Illinois
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Abstract
Pompe disease (glycogen storage disease type II) is caused by mutations in acid α-glucosidase (GAA) resulting in lysosomal pathology and impairment of the muscular and cardio-pulmonary systems. Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT), the only approved therapy for Pompe disease, improves muscle function by reducing glycogen accumulation but this approach entails several limitations including a short drug half-life and an antibody response that results in reduced efficacy. To address these limitations, new treatments such as gene therapy are under development to increase the intrinsic ability of the affected cells to produce GAA. Key components to gene therapy strategies include the choice of vector, promoter, and the route of administration. The efficacy of gene therapy depends on the ability of the vector to drive gene expression in the target tissue and also on the recipient's immune tolerance to the transgene protein. In this review, we discuss the preclinical and clinical studies that are paving the way for the development of a gene therapy strategy for patients with early and late onset Pompe disease as well as some of the challenges for advancing gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Salabarria
- Department of Pediatrics and Powell Gene Therapy Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, Floria, USA
| | - J Nair
- Department of Pediatrics and Powell Gene Therapy Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, Floria, USA
| | - N Clement
- Department of Pediatrics and Powell Gene Therapy Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, Floria, USA
| | - B K Smith
- Department of Physical Therapy and Center for Respiratory Research and Rehabilitation, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - N Raben
- Laboratory of Protein Trafficking and Organelle Biology, Cell and Developmental Biology Center, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - D D Fuller
- Department of Physical Therapy and Center for Respiratory Research and Rehabilitation, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - B J Byrne
- Department of Pediatrics and Powell Gene Therapy Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, Floria, USA
| | - M Corti
- Department of Pediatrics and Powell Gene Therapy Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, Floria, USA
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Guilford BL, Moris JM, Zajac CM, Frerker AM, Selvaraj BS, Kamp AR, Zuercher JL, Fernandez-Del- Valle M, Smith BK. Parameters Of The Athlete Triad In Male Ncaa Division I Athletes. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2020. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000675516.49439.4b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Willoughby CA, Snyder NC, Smith BK. Comparison Of Vo2Max Values Obtained From The Garmin Forerunner 230 And 235. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2017. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000519025.40784.ff] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Herrmann SD, Martin LE, Breslin FJ, Honas JJ, Willis EA, Lepping RJ, Gibson CA, Befort CA, Lambourne K, Burns JM, Smith BK, Sullivan DK, Washburn RA, Yeh HW, Donnelly JE, Savage CR. Neuroimaging studies of factors related to exercise: rationale and design of a 9 month trial. Contemp Clin Trials 2013; 37:58-68. [PMID: 24291150 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2013.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2013] [Revised: 11/11/2013] [Accepted: 11/14/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity is high resulting from chronic imbalances between energy intake and expenditure. On the expenditure side, regular exercise is associated with health benefits, including enhanced brain function. The benefits of exercise are not immediate and require persistence to be realized. Brain regions associated with health-related decisions, such as whether or not to exercise or controlling the impulse to engage in immediately rewarding activities (e.g., sedentary behavior), include reward processing and cognitive control regions. A 9 month aerobic exercise study will be conducted in 180 sedentary adults (n = 90 healthy weight [BMI = 18.5 to 26.0 kg/m(2)]; n = 90 obese [BMI = 29.0 to 41.0 kg/m(2)) to examine the brain processes underlying reward processing and impulse control that may affect adherence in a new exercise regimen. The primary aim is to use functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to examine reward processing and impulse control among participants that adhere (exercise >80% of sessions) and those that do not adhere to a nine-month exercise intervention with secondary analyses comparing sedentary obese and sedentary healthy weight participants. Our results will provide valuable information characterizing brain activation underlying reward processing and impulse control in sedentary obese and healthy weight individuals. In addition, our results may identify brain activation predictors of adherence and success in the exercise program along with measuring the effects of exercise and improved fitness on brain activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen D Herrmann
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, United States
| | - Laura E Martin
- Department of Preventive Medicine & Public Health, University of Kansas Medical Center, United States; Holgund Brain Imaging Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, United States
| | - Florence J Breslin
- Center for Health Behavior Neuroscience, University of Kansas Medical Center, United States
| | - Jeffery J Honas
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, United States
| | - Erik A Willis
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, United States
| | - Rebecca J Lepping
- Holgund Brain Imaging Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, United States
| | - Cheryl A Gibson
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, United States
| | - Christie A Befort
- Department of Preventive Medicine & Public Health, University of Kansas Medical Center, United States
| | - Kate Lambourne
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, United States
| | - Jeffrey M Burns
- Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, United States
| | - Bryan K Smith
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, United States
| | - Debra K Sullivan
- Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, University of Kansas Medical Center, United States
| | - Richard A Washburn
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, United States
| | - Hung-Wen Yeh
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, United States
| | - Joseph E Donnelly
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, United States
| | - Cary R Savage
- Center for Health Behavior Neuroscience, University of Kansas Medical Center, United States.
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Donnelly JE, Goetz J, Gibson C, Sullivan DK, Lee R, Smith BK, Lambourne K, Mayo MS, Hunt S, Lee JH, Honas JJ, Washburn RA. Equivalent weight loss for weight management programs delivered by phone and clinic. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2013; 21:1951-9. [PMID: 23408579 PMCID: PMC4442605 DOI: 10.1002/oby.20334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2012] [Revised: 12/08/2012] [Accepted: 12/12/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Face-to-face (FTF) weight management is costly and presents barriers for individuals seeking treatment; thus, alternate delivery systems are needed. The objective of this study was to compare weight management delivered by FTF clinic or group conference calls (phone). DESIGN AND METHODS Randomized equivalency trial in 295 overweight/obese men/women (BMI = 35.1±4.9, Age = 43.8±10.2, Minority = 39.8%). Weight loss (0-6 months) was achieved by reducing energy intake between 1,200 and 1,500 kcal/day and progressing physical activity (PA) to 300 min/week. Weight maintenance (7-18 months) provided adequate energy to maintain weight and continued 300 min/week of PA. Behavioral weight management strategies were delivered weekly for 6 months and gradually reduced during 7-18 months. A cost analysis provided a comparison of expenses between groups. RESULTS Weight change from baseline to 6 months was -13.4 ± 6.7% and -12.3 ± 7.0% for FTF clinic and phone, respectively. Weight change from 6-18 months was 6.4 ± 7.0% and 6.4 ± 5.2%, for FTF clinic and phone, respectively. The cost to FTF participants was $789.58 more per person. CONCLUSIONS Phone delivery provided equivalent weight loss and maintenance and reduced program cost. Ubiquitous access to phones provides a vast reach for this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph E. Donnelly
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS, 66160 USA
| | - Jeannine Goetz
- Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS, 66160 USA
| | - Cheryl Gibson
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS, 66160 USA
| | - Debra K. Sullivan
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS, 66160 USA
| | - Robert Lee
- Department of Health Policy and Management, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS, 66160 USA
| | - Bryan K. Smith
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, Vadalabene Center, Box 1126, Edwardsville, IL, 62026 USA
| | - Kate Lambourne
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS, 66160 USA
| | - Matthew S. Mayo
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS, 66160 USA
| | - Suzanne Hunt
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS, 66160 USA
| | - Jae Hoon Lee
- Center for Research Methods and Data Analysis, The University of Kansas, 1425 Jayhawk Blvd., Room 470, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA
| | - Jeffrey J. Honas
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS, 66160 USA
| | - Richard A. Washburn
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS, 66160 USA
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Donnelly JE, Saunders RR, Saunders M, Washburn RA, Sullivan DK, Gibson CA, Ptomey LT, Goetz JR, Honas JJ, Betts JL, Rondon MR, Smith BK, Mayo MS. Weight management for individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities: rationale and design for an 18 month randomized trial. Contemp Clin Trials 2013; 36:116-24. [PMID: 23810939 PMCID: PMC4180227 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2013.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2013] [Revised: 06/13/2013] [Accepted: 06/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Weight management for individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) has received limited attention. Studies on weight management in this population have been conducted over short time frames, in small samples with inadequate statistical power, infrequently used a randomized design, and have not evaluated the use of emerging effective dietary strategies such as pre-packaged meals (PMs). Low energy/fat PMs may be useful in individuals with IDD as they simplify meal planning, limit undesirable food choices, teach appropriate portion sizes, are convenient and easy to prepare, and when combined with fruits and vegetables provide a high volume, low energy dense meal. A randomized effectiveness trial will be conducted in 150 overweight/obese adults with mild to moderate IDD, and their study partners to compare weight loss (6 months) and weight maintenance (12 months) between 2 weight management approaches: 1. A Stop Light Diet enhanced with reduced energy/fat PMs (eSLD); and 2. A recommended care reduced energy/fat meal plan diet (RC). The primary aim is to compare weight loss (0-6 months) and weight maintenance (7-18 months) between the eSLD and RC diets. Secondarily, changes in chronic disease risk factors between the eSLD and RC diets including blood pressure, glucose, insulin, LDL-cholesterol, and HDL-cholesterol will be compared during both weight loss and weight maintenance. Finally, potential mediators of weight loss including energy intake, physical activity, data recording, adherence to the diet, study partner self-efficacy and daily stress related to dietary change will be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- JE Donnelly
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS, 66160 USA
| | - RR Saunders
- The Schiefelbush Institute for Lifespan Studies, The University of Kansas-Lawrence, 1000 Sunnyside Avenue, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA
| | - M Saunders
- The Schiefelbush Institute for Lifespan Studies, The University of Kansas-Lawrence, 1000 Sunnyside Avenue, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA
| | - RA Washburn
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS, 66160 USA
| | - DK Sullivan
- Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS, 66160 USA
| | - CA Gibson
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS, 66160 USA
| | - LT Ptomey
- Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS, 66160 USA
| | - JR Goetz
- Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS, 66160 USA
| | - JJ Honas
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS, 66160 USA
| | - JL Betts
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS, 66160 USA
| | - MR Rondon
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS, 66160 USA
| | - BK Smith
- Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, Vadalabene Center, Box 1126, Edwardsville, IL, 62026 USA
| | - MS Mayo
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS, 66160 USA
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Butler MG, Smith BK, Lee J, Gibson C, Schmoll C, Moore WV, Donnelly JE. Effects of growth hormone treatment in adults with Prader-Willi syndrome. Growth Horm IGF Res 2013; 23:81-87. [PMID: 23433655 PMCID: PMC4144013 DOI: 10.1016/j.ghir.2013.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2012] [Revised: 12/13/2012] [Accepted: 01/03/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Since limited data exist on adults with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) and growth hormone (GH) treatment, we report our experience on the effects of treatment for one year on body composition, physical activity, strength and energy expenditure, diet, general chemistry and endocrine data with quality of life measures. DESIGN We studied 11 adults with PWS (6F:5M; average age=32 yrs) over a 2 year period with GH treatment during the first year only. Electrolytes, IGF-I, glucose, thyroid, insulin, lipids, body composition, physical activity and strength, diet, energy expenditure and quality of life data were collected and analyzed statistically using linear modeling at baseline, at 12 months following GH therapy and at 24 months after treatment cessation for 12 months. RESULTS Total lean muscle mass was significantly increased (p<0.05) during GH treatment along with moderate-vigorous physical activity and plasma IGF-I and HDL levels, but returned to near baseline after treatment. Percent body fat decreased during the 12 months of GH treatment but increased after treatment. CONCLUSIONS Previously reported beneficial effects of GH treatment in children with PWS were found in our adults regarding body composition, physical activity and plasma HDL and IGF-I levels. Several beneficial effects diminished to near baseline after cessation of GH treatment for 12 months supporting the continuation of treatment in PWS into adulthood and possibly adults not previously treated during childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Butler
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Kansas Medical Center, and Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, United States.
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Sullivan DK, Goetz JR, Gibson CA, Washburn RA, Smith BK, Lee J, Gerald S, Fincham T, Donnelly JE. Improving weight maintenance using virtual reality (Second Life). J Nutr Educ Behav 2013; 45:264-268. [PMID: 23622351 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2012.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2012] [Revised: 10/24/2012] [Accepted: 10/28/2012] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Compare weight loss and maintenance between a face-to-face (FTF) weight management clinic and a clinic delivered via virtual reality (VR). METHODS Participants were randomized to 3 months of weight loss with a weekly clinic delivered via FTF or VR and then 6 months' weight maintenance delivered with VR. Data were collected at baseline and 3 and 6 months for weight and process variables. Twenty overweight and obese individuals (31.1 ± 3.6 years of age; body mass index, 32.8 ± 5.1; 85% females; 20% minorities) responded to advertisement and met inclusion criteria. Diets (1,200-1,800 kcal/d) used prepackaged meals, fruits and vegetables, and physical activity (300 min/wk). RESULTS Weight loss was significantly greater for FTF at 10.8% compared with 7.6% for VR (P < .05). However, weight maintenance was significantly greater for VR at 14.0% compared with 9.5% for FTF (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Virtual reality compares favorably with FTF for weight loss and may facilitate greater weight maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debra K Sullivan
- Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
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Donnelly JE, Honas JJ, Smith BK, Mayo MS, Gibson CA, Sullivan DK, Lee J, Herrmann SD, Lambourne K, Washburn RA. Aerobic exercise alone results in clinically significant weight loss for men and women: midwest exercise trial 2. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2013; 21:E219-28. [PMID: 23592678 PMCID: PMC3630467 DOI: 10.1002/oby.20145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2012] [Accepted: 10/01/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Exercise is recommended by public health agencies for weight management; however, the role of exercise is generally considered secondary to energy restriction. Few studies exist that have verified completion of exercise, measured the energy expenditure of exercise, and prescribed exercise with equivalent energy expenditure across individuals and genders. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to evaluate aerobic exercise, without energy restriction, on weight loss in sedentary overweight and obese men and women. DESIGN AND METHODS This investigation was a randomized, controlled, efficacy trial in 141 overweight and obese participants (body mass index, 31.0 ± 4.6 kg/m(2) ; age 22.6 ± 3.9 years). Participants were randomized (2:2:1 ratio) to exercise at either 400 kcal/session or 600 kcal/session or to a nonexercise control. Exercise was supervised, 5 days/week, for 10 months. All participants were instructed to maintain usual ad libitum diets. Because of the efficacy design, completion of ≥90% of exercise sessions was an a priori definition of per protocol, and these participants were included in the analysis. RESULTS Weight loss from baseline to 10 months for the 400 and 600 kcal/session groups was 3.9 ± 4.9 kg (4.3%) and 5.2 ± 5.6 kg (5.7%), respectively, compared with weight gain for controls of 0.5 ± 3.5 kg (0.5%) (P < 0.05). Differences for weight loss from baseline to 10 months between the exercise groups and differences between men and women within groups were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS Supervised exercise, with equivalent energy expenditure, results in clinically significant weight loss with no significant difference between men and women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph E Donnelly
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas, USA.
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Singh M, Lee J, Gupta N, Gaddam S, Smith BK, Wani SB, Sullivan DK, Rastogi A, Bansal A, Donnelly JE, Sharma P. Weight loss can lead to resolution of gastroesophageal reflux disease symptoms: a prospective intervention trial. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2013; 21:284-90. [PMID: 23532991 PMCID: PMC3853378 DOI: 10.1002/oby.20279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2011] [Accepted: 05/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Weight gain is an important risk factor for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD); however, whether weight loss can lead to resolution of GERD symptoms is not clear. Our aim was to measure the impact of weight loss on GERD symptoms. DESIGN AND METHODS In a prospective cohort study at a tertiary referral center, overweight/obese subjects (BMI 25-39.9 kg/m2) were enrolled in a structured weight loss program. Weight loss strategies included dietary modifications, increased physical activity and behavioral changes. At baseline and at 6 months, BMI and waist circumference were measured and all participants completed a validated reflux disease questionnaire. RESULTS A total of 332 adult subjects, mean age 46 years and 66% women were prospectively enrolled. At baseline, the mean body weight, BMI, and waist circumference were 101 (±18) kg, 35 (±5) kg/m2 and 103 (±13) cm. At 6 months, majority of the subjects (97%) lost weight (average weight loss: 13 ± 7.7 kg) and as compared with baseline, there was a significant decrease in the overall prevalence of GERD (15 vs. 37%; P < 0.01) and the mean GERD symptom score (1.8 vs. 5.5; P < 0.01). Overall, 81% of the subjects had reduction in GERD symptom scores; 65% had complete resolution and 15% had partial resolution of reflux symptoms. There was a significant correlation between % body weight loss and reduction in GERD symptom scores (r = 0.17, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, the overall prevalence of GERD symptoms is high (37%) in overweight and obese subjects. A structured weight loss program can lead to complete resolution of GERD symptoms in the majority of these subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandeep Singh
- Department of Gastroenterology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Jaehoon Lee
- Center for Research Methods and Data Analysis, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
| | - Neil Gupta
- Department of Gastroenterology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Srinivas Gaddam
- Department of Gastroenterology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Bryan K. Smith
- Center for Research Methods and Data Analysis, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
- Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Sachin B. Wani
- Department of Gastroenterology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Debra K. Sullivan
- Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Amit Rastogi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Ajay Bansal
- Department of Gastroenterology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Joseph E. Donnelly
- Department of Energy Balance Laboratory, Center for Physical Activity and Weight Management, University of Kansas Medical Center, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
| | - Prateek Sharma
- Department of Gastroenterology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
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Washburn RA, Kirk EP, Smith BK, Honas JJ, Lecheminant JD, Bailey BW, Donnelly JE. One set resistance training: effect on body composition in overweight young adults. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2012; 52:273-279. [PMID: 22648465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study evaluate the impact of a 6-month, 1-set RT protocol on changes in weight and body composition in overweight young adults. METHODS Sixty-three overweight young adults were randomized to RT or control; 55 participants (RT: N.=32; C: N.=23; BMI=27.3+2.9; age=20.7+2.7 yrs) competed the 6 month training protocol and all assessments. RT consisted of 1-set, 9 exercises, 3 times/wk., with a resistance of 3-6 repetition maximum (RM). Body composition was assessed using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, and strength using 1RM. Participants were instructed to maintain their normal ad libitum diet and normal activities of daily living. RESULTS Body weight and BMI increased significantly (P<0.05) in RT and C, however; the between group difference was not significant. RT induced a mean increase in fat-free mass of 1.5 kg in both males and females with significant between groups differences for change in fat-free mass noted in the total sample, and in both males and females. Between group differences for change in fat mass were not statistically significant in the total sample, or in either gender. Significant between group differences for change in % fat were noted in the total sample (RT=-0.3%, C=+5.8%, P<0.05) and in females (RT=-3.7%, C=+3.0%, P<0.01), but not in males (RT=3.4%, C=9.8%). Significant between group differences (P<0.001) were observed for change in chest (RT=45 %, C=3%) and leg press (RT=57 %, C=9%) maximal strength. CONCLUSION A 6 month, 1-set RT program in overweight young adults increased fat-free mass and prevented increases in fat mass and % fat.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Washburn
- Center for Physical Activity and Weight Management, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA.
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Washburn RA, Donnelly JE, Smith BK, Sullivan DK, Marquis J, Herrmann SD. Resistance training volume, energy balance and weight management: rationale and design of a 9 month trial. Contemp Clin Trials 2012; 33:749-58. [PMID: 22446169 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2012.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2011] [Revised: 01/27/2012] [Accepted: 03/07/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The increased prevalence of obesity and the lack of treatment success both argue for the design and evaluation of strategies to prevent the development of overweight and obesity. To date, the role of resistance training (RT) in this regard is largely unexplored. RT may be effective for weight management as a result of increased fat-free mass (FFM), which may result in increased resting metabolic rate and increased physical activity energy expenditure. However, the literature relative to the efficacy of RT protocols recommended for healthy adults to alter the aforementioned parameters is inconsistent or inadequately evaluated. We will conduct a 9 month randomized controlled efficacy trial to compare changes in body composition (fat mass, FFM, % body fat) and energy balance in response to 2 volumes of RT (1 vs. 3 sets vs. non-exercise control) both at the completion of training (9 months) and 1 year later (body composition). This investigation will be conducted in a sample of healthy, normal and overweight, sedentary, young adult men and women; a group at high risk for development of overweight and obesity. Our results will provide information relative to the minimum volume of RT that may be associated with body weight/fat gain which may inform the development of guidelines for RT to prevent weight gain or to alter body composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard A Washburn
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
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Saunders RR, Saunders MD, Donnelly JE, Smith BK, Sullivan DK, Guilford B, Rondon MF. Evaluation of an approach to weight loss in adults with intellectual or developmental disabilities. Intellect Dev Disabil 2011; 49:103-112. [PMID: 21446873 DOI: 10.1352/1934-9556-49.2.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Of 79 overweight adults with intellectual or developmental disabilities who participated in a weight loss intervention, 73 completed the 6-month diet phase. The emphasis in the intervention was consumption of high volume, low calorie foods and beverages, including meal-replacement shakes. Lower calorie frozen entrees were recommended to control portion size. A walking activity was encouraged. Participants attended monthly meetings in which a small amount of cash was exchanged for self-recorded intake and exercise records completed on picture-based forms. Average weight loss was 13.2 pounds (6.3%) of baseline weight at 6 months, with weight loss shown by 64 of the 73 individuals enrolled. Those completing a 6-month follow-up phase showed weight loss of 9.4% of baseline. Increased choice and control are discussed as possible contributors to individual success.
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Hinton PS, LeCheminant JD, Smith BK, Rector RS, Donnelly JE. Weight loss-induced alterations in serum markers of bone turnover persist during weight maintenance in obese men and women. J Am Coll Nutr 2010; 28:565-73. [PMID: 20439552 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2009.10719788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Moderate weight loss alters bone turnover and reduces bone mineral density in overweight men and women. However, it is not known whether bone turnover is normalized during weight maintenance postweight loss. Thus, the objective of the present study was to examine changes in serum bone turnover markers during 9 months of weight maintenance following weight reduction on a very low-energy diet (VLED) in obese men and women. METHODS Thirty-seven men (n = 13) and women (n = 24) aged 50 +/- 9.8 years underwent 3 months of weight reduction on a VLED ( approximately 500 kcal/d) followed by 9 months on either a low-carbohydrate or low-fat weight maintenance diet ( approximately 1600 kcal/d). Concentrations of osteocalcin (OC) and C-terminal peptide of type I collagen (CTX) in serum were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay at baseline and at months 3, 6, and 12. Serum parathyroid (PTH) concentrations were measured using a chemiluminescent immunoassay at all 4 time points. Data were analyzed using a 3-factor-repeated measures analysis of variance. RESULTS Average weight loss was 19% +/- 3% and, during the 9-month weight maintenance period, average weight gain was approximately 3%, with no differences due to diet composition. Serum concentrations of OC and CTX significantly increased after weight reduction and remained elevated during weight maintenance. Serum PTH was reduced after weight loss. Percent changes in OC and CTX were correlated during weight maintenance (r = -0.437, p = 0.008), but not during weight loss. Percent changes in CTX and body weight were negatively correlated during weight loss (r = -0.474, p = 0.003) and maintenance (r = -0.455, p = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS Weight loss induced via a VLED may result in an imbalance between bone formation and resorption and accelerate remodeling. The deleterious effect of energy restriction on bone remodeling rate appears to persist during weight maintenance.
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LeCheminant JD, Smith BK, Westman EC, Vernon MC, Donnelly JE. Comparison of a reduced carbohydrate and reduced fat diet for LDL, HDL, and VLDL subclasses during 9-months of weight maintenance subsequent to weight loss. Lipids Health Dis 2010; 9:54. [PMID: 20515484 PMCID: PMC2889993 DOI: 10.1186/1476-511x-9-54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2010] [Accepted: 06/01/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study compared LDL, HDL, and VLDL subclasses in overweight or obese adults consuming either a reduced carbohydrate (RC) or reduced fat (RF) weight maintenance diet for 9 months following significant weight loss. METHODS Thirty-five (21 RC; 14 RF) overweight or obese middle-aged adults completed a 1-year weight management clinic. Participants met weekly for the first six months and bi-weekly thereafter. Meetings included instruction for diet, physical activity, and behavior change related to weight management. Additionally, participants followed a liquid very low-energy diet of approximately 2092 kJ per day for the first three months of the study. Subsequently, participants followed a dietary plan for nine months that targeted a reduced percentage of carbohydrate (approximately 20%) or fat (approximately 30%) intake and an energy intake level calculated to maintain weight loss. Lipid subclasses using NMR spectroscopy were analyzed prior to weight loss and at multiple intervals during weight maintenance. RESULTS Body weight change was not significantly different within or between groups during weight maintenance (p>0.05). The RC group showed significant increases in mean LDL size, large LDL, total HDL, large and small HDL, mean VLDL size, and large VLDL during weight maintenance while the RF group showed increases in total HDL, large and small HDL, total VLDL, and large, medium, and small VLDL (p<0.05). Group*time interactions were significant for large and medium VLDL (p>0.05). CONCLUSION Some individual lipid subclasses improved in both dietary groups. Large and medium VLDL subclasses increased to a greater extent across weight maintenance in the RF group.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bryan K Smith
- The University of Kansas, 1301 Sunnyside Avenue, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA
| | - Eric C Westman
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, 4020 N Roxboro Street, Durham, North Carolina 27704, USA
| | - Mary C Vernon
- Private Practice, 21624 Midland Drive, Shawnee, Kansas 66218, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
| | - Joseph E Donnelly
- Center for Physical Activity and Weight Management, The University of Kansas, 1301 Sunnyside Avenue, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA
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Rector RS, Linden MA, Zhang JQ, Warner SO, Altena TS, Smith BK, Ziogas GG, Liu Y, Thomas TR. Predicting postprandial lipemia in healthy adults and in at-risk individuals with components of the cardiometabolic syndrome. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2010; 11:663-71. [PMID: 19878381 DOI: 10.1111/j.1559-4572.2008.00026.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
To determine whether a single-point triglyceride (TG) concentration could estimate the 8-hour postprandial lipemic (PPL) response, men and women performed baseline PPL (n=188) and postexercise PPL (n=92) trials. Correlations were generated between TG concentrations at baseline and at various time points after a high-fat meal vs 8-hour area under the TG curve (TG-AUC) and peak TG level. Stepwise multiple regression and bootstrap simulations using TG level and additional predictor variables of sex, age, percentage of body fat, training status, and maximal oxygen consumption indicated that the 4-hour TG concentrations accounted for >90% of the variance in TG-AUC and peak TG responses during the PPL trials. Equations were confirmed by cross-validation in healthy as well as at-risk individuals with components of the cardiometabolic syndrome. Our data suggest that the 4-hour TG value is highly related to the total 8-hour PPL response and can be used for accurate estimation of PPL in a clinical or research setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Scott Rector
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri-Columbia, 65211, USA
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Eisenmann JC, Laurson KR, DuBose KD, Smith BK, Donnelly JE. Construct validity of a continuous metabolic syndrome score in children. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2010; 2:8. [PMID: 20181030 PMCID: PMC2830968 DOI: 10.1186/1758-5996-2-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2009] [Accepted: 01/28/2010] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The primary purpose of this study was to examine the construct validity of a continuous metabolic syndrome score (cMetS) in children. The secondary purpose was to identify a cutpoint value(s) for an adverse cMetS based on receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. METHODS 378 children aged 7 to 9 years were assessed for the metabolic syndrome which was determined by age-modified cutpoints. High-density-lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, the homeostasis assessment model of insulin resistance, mean arterial pressure, and waist circumference were used to create a cMetS for each subject. RESULTS About half of the subjects did not possess any risk factors while about 5% possessed the metabolic syndrome. There was a graded relationship between the cMetS and the number of adverse risk factors. The cMetS was lowest in the group with no adverse risk factors (-1.59 +/- 1.76) and highest in those possessing the metabolic syndrome (> or =3 risk factors) (7.05 +/- 2.73). The cutoff level yielding the maximal sensitivity and specificity for predicting the presence of the metabolic syndrome was a cMetS of 3.72 (sensitivity = 100%, specificity = 93.9%, and the area of the curve = 0.978 (0.957-0.990, 95% confidence intervals). CONCLUSION The results demonstrate the construct validity for the cMetS in children. Since there are several drawbacks to identifying a single cut-point value for the cMetS based on this sample, we urge researchers to use the approach herein to validate and create a cMetS that is specific to their study population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joey C Eisenmann
- Departments of Kinesiology and Pediatrics & Human Development, Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA
| | - Kelly R Laurson
- Department of Kinesiology, Illinois State University, Bloomington-Normal, USA
| | - Katrina D DuBose
- Department of Exercise and Sports Science, East Carolina University, Greenville, USA
| | - Bryan K Smith
- Life Span Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, USA
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Hinton PS, Rector RS, Donnelly JE, Smith BK, Bailey B. Total body bone mineral content and density during weight loss and maintenance on a low- or recommended-dairy weight-maintenance diet in obese men and women. Eur J Clin Nutr 2010; 64:392-9. [PMID: 20068585 DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2009.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diets high in either dairy or calcium during moderate weight reduction both prevent loss of bone mineral density (BMD) and suppress bone turnover. The purpose of this study was to determine whether recommended dairy and calcium intakes during weight maintenance favorably affect total body BMD (TBBMD) and bone mineral content (TBBMC) in obese adults. METHODS Obese men (n=49) and women (n=64), aged 40.8+/-0.6 years, underwent 12 weeks of moderate energy restriction (approximately 1200 kcal/day) followed by 24 weeks on either a low or recommended dairy weight maintenance diet. The TBBMC and TBBMD values were measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry at baseline, 12, 24 and 36 weeks. Concentrations of calcium, intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH), 25OH and 1,25 (OH)(2) vitamin D in plasma were also measured. Data were analyzed using a two-factor repeated measures analysis of variance. RESULTS After weight loss, women exhibited a small, but statistically significant, increase in TBBMC (1.17+/-0.57%), whereas TBBMD increased in the men (1.34+/-0.28%). The iPTH concentration decreased significantly in all subjects. Despite significantly greater intakes of calcium, vitamin D and protein compared with the recommended dairy diet, there were no treatment-related differences in outcome variables after 24 weeks of weight maintenance. The TBBMC remained unchanged in women during weight stabilization; both TBBMC and TBBMD decreased in men (-1.59+/-0.51% and -0.70+/-0.25%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS In summary, results of this study do not provide convincing evidence that moderate weight loss through energy restriction and mild exercise reduces TBBMC in obese men and women. Similarly, a weight-maintenance diet providing the recommended daily servings of dairy does not seem to affect changes in BMC after weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- P S Hinton
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
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Kirk EP, Donnelly JE, Smith BK, Honas J, Lecheminant JD, Bailey BW, Jacobsen DJ, Washburn RA. Minimal resistance training improves daily energy expenditure and fat oxidation. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2009; 41:1122-9. [PMID: 19346974 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0b013e318193c64e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Long-term resistance training (RT) may result in a chronic increase in 24-h energy expenditure (EE) and fat oxidation to a level sufficient to assist in maintaining energy balance and preventing weight gain. However, the impact of a minimal RT program on these parameters in an overweight college-aged population, a group at high risk for developing obesity, is unknown. PURPOSE We aimed to evaluate the effect of 6 months of supervised minimal RT in previously sedentary, overweight (mean +/- SEM, BMI = 27.7 +/- 0.5 kg x m(-2)) young adults (21.0 +/- 0.5 yr) on 24-h EE, resting metabolic rate (RMR), sleep metabolic rate (SMR), and substrate oxidation using whole-room indirect calorimetry 72 h after the last RT session. METHODS Participants were randomized to RT (one set, 3 d x wk(-1), three to six repetition maximums, nine exercises; N = 22) or control (C, N = 17) groups and completed all assessments at baseline and at 6 months. RESULTS There was a significant (P < 0.05) increase in 24-h EE in the RT (527 +/- 220 kJ x d(-1)) and C (270 +/- 168 kJ x d(-1)) groups; however, the difference between groups was not significant (P = 0.30). Twenty-four hours of fat oxidation (g x d(-1)) was not altered after RT; however, reductions in RT assessed during both rest (P < 0.05) and sleep (P < 0.05) suggested increased fat oxidation in RT compared with C during these periods. SMR (8.4 +/- 8.6%) and RMR (7.4 +/- 8.7%) increased significantly in RT (P < 0.001) but not in C, resulting in significant (P < 0.001) between-group differences for SMR with a trend for significant (P = 0.07) between-group differences for RMR. CONCLUSION A minimal RT program that required little time to complete (11min per session) resulted in a chronic increase in energy expenditure. This adaptation in energy expenditure may have a favorable impact on energy balance and fat oxidation sufficient to assist with the prevention of obesity in sedentary, overweight young adults, a group at high risk for developing obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik P Kirk
- Department of Kinesiology & Health Education, Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville, IL 62026, USA.
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Donnelly JE, Blair SN, Jakicic JM, Manore MM, Rankin JW, Smith BK. American College of Sports Medicine Position Stand. Appropriate physical activity intervention strategies for weight loss and prevention of weight regain for adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2009; 41:459-71. [PMID: 19127177 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0b013e3181949333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1419] [Impact Index Per Article: 94.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Overweight and obesity affects more than 66% of the adult population and is associated with a variety of chronic diseases. Weight reduction reduces health risks associated with chronic diseases and is therefore encouraged by major health agencies. Guidelines of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) encourage a 10% reduction in weight, although considerable literature indicates reduction in health risk with 3% to 5% reduction in weight. Physical activity (PA) is recommended as a component of weight management for prevention of weight gain, for weight loss, and for prevention of weight regain after weight loss. In 2001, the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) published a Position Stand that recommended a minimum of 150 min wk(-1) of moderate-intensity PA for overweight and obese adults to improve health; however, 200-300 min wk(-1) was recommended for long-term weight loss. More recent evidence has supported this recommendation and has indicated more PA may be necessary to prevent weight regain after weight loss. To this end, we have reexamined the evidence from 1999 to determine whether there is a level at which PA is effective for prevention of weight gain, for weight loss, and prevention of weight regain. Evidence supports moderate-intensity PA between 150 and 250 min wk(-1) to be effective to prevent weight gain. Moderate-intensity PA between 150 and 250 min wk(-1) will provide only modest weight loss. Greater amounts of PA (>250 min wk(-1)) have been associated with clinically significant weight loss. Moderate-intensity PA between 150 and 250 min wk(-1) will improve weight loss in studies that use moderate diet restriction but not severe diet restriction. Cross-sectional and prospective studies indicate that after weight loss, weight maintenance is improved with PA >250 min wk(-1). However, no evidence from well-designed randomized controlled trials exists to judge the effectiveness of PA for prevention of weight regain after weight loss. Resistance training does not enhance weight loss but may increase fat-free mass and increase loss of fat mass and is associated with reductions in health risk. Existing evidence indicates that endurance PA or resistance training without weight loss improves health risk. There is inadequate evidence to determine whether PA prevents or attenuates detrimental changes in chronic disease risk during weight gain.
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Bailey BW, Roling L, Smith BK, Sullivan DK, Donnelly JE. Trans Fatty Acid Consumption And The Effect On Lipids In Young Adults: Jayhawk Observed Eating Study (joe). Med Sci Sports Exerc 2009. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000356037.00244.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Saunders RR, Saunders MD, Donnelly JE, Smith BK, Sullivan DK, Erickson BP. Reducing the incidence of obesity in adults with developmental disabilities in Kansas. Disabil Health J 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2008.10.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Honas JJ, Washburn RA, Smith BK, Greene JL, Donnelly JE. Energy expenditure of the physical activity across the curriculum intervention. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2008; 40:1501-5. [PMID: 18614939 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0b013e31816d6591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Physical activity is frequently a component of interventions designed to diminish weight gain in children. It is essential to determine whether the energy expenditure (EE) elicited by these interventions is sufficient to reduce the rate of weight gain. PURPOSE To quantify the EE of the Physical Activity across the Curriculum (PAAC) intervention. This intervention involved two 10-min physically active academic lessons per day, taught by classroom teachers. METHODS We assessed EE of PAAC in 19 males and 19 females using both an indirect calorimeter (IC) (COSMED K4b(2)) and an accelerometer (ActiGraph) (AC). Independent t-tests were used to evaluate gender differences. Dependent t-tests were used to examine the difference between EE assessed by IC and AC. The agreement between EE measured by IC and estimated by AC was evaluated using a Bland-Altman plot. A Pearson correlation between EE measured by IC and estimated by AC was calculated. RESULTS There were no significant gender differences for age, BMI, or EE; therefore, analyses by gender were not performed. The mean EE measured by IC was 3.1 +/- 1.0 kcal x min(-1) (3.4 METs). Mean EE estimated by AC (1.8 +/- 0.9 kcal x min(-1)) was significantly lower (P < 0.05) than EE measured by IC (mean underestimation = 1.3 kcal x min(-1)). The Bland-Altman plot suggested increased underestimation with increased levels of EE. The 95% limits of agreement were large (-2.8 to +0.3 kcal x min(-1)). The correlation between EE measured by IC and estimated by AC was r = 0.68 (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION PAAC elicited a level of EE that may prevent excessive weight gain in children. AC significantly underestimated the EE of PAAC lessons and may not provide useful EE estimates in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffery J Honas
- Center for Physical Activity and Weight Management, Energy Balance Laboratory, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
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Zemel MB, Donnelly JE, Smith BK, Sullivan DK, Richards J, Morgan-Hanusa D, Mayo MS, Sun X, Cook-Wiens G, Bailey BW, Van Walleghen EL, Washburn RA. Effects of dairy intake on weight maintenance. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2008; 5:28. [PMID: 18950508 PMCID: PMC2579293 DOI: 10.1186/1743-7075-5-28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2008] [Accepted: 10/24/2008] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To compare the effects of low versus recommended levels of dairy intake on weight maintenance and body composition subsequent to weight loss. DESIGN AND METHODS Two site (University of Kansas-KU; University of Tennessee-UT), 9 month, randomized trial. Weight loss was baseline to 3 months, weight maintenance was 4 to 9 months. Participants were maintained randomly assigned to low dairy (< 1 dairy serving/d) or recommended dairy (> 3 servings/d) diets for the maintenance phase. Three hundred thirty eight men and women, age: 40.3 +/- 7.0 years and BMI: 34.5 +/- 3.1, were randomized; Change in weight and body composition (total fat, trunk fat) from 4 to 9 months were the primary outcomes. Blood chemistry, blood pressure, resting metabolism, and respiratory quotient were secondary outcomes. Energy intake, calcium intake, dairy intake, and physical activity were measured as process evaluation. RESULTS During weight maintenance, there were no overall significant differences for weight or body composition between the low and recommended dairy groups. A significant site interaction occurred with the low dairy group at KU maintaining weight and body composition and the low dairy group at UT increasing weight and body fat. The recommended dairy group exhibited reductions in plasma 1,25-(OH)2-D while no change was observed in the low dairy group. No other differences were found for blood chemistry, blood pressure or physical activity between low and recommended dairy groups. The recommended dairy group showed significantly greater energy intake and lower respiratory quotient compared to the low dairy group. CONCLUSION Weight maintenance was similar for low and recommended dairy groups. The recommended dairy group exhibited evidence of greater fat oxidation and was able to consume greater energy without greater weight gain compared to the low dairy group. Recommended levels of dairy products may be used during weight maintenance without contributing to weight gain compared to diets low in dairy products. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00686426.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Matthew S Mayo
- University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Xiaocun Sun
- The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
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Gibson CA, Smith BK, Dubose KD, Greene JL, Bailey BW, Williams SL, Ryan JJ, Schmelzle KH, Washburn RA, Sullivan DK, Mayo MS, Donnelly JE. Physical activity across the curriculum: year one process evaluation results. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2008; 5:36. [PMID: 18606013 PMCID: PMC2474855 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5868-5-36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2007] [Accepted: 07/07/2008] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical Activity Across the Curriculum (PAAC) is a 3-year elementary school-based intervention to determine if increased amounts of moderate intensity physical activity performed in the classroom will diminish gains in body mass index (BMI). It is a cluster-randomized, controlled trial, involving 4905 children (2505 intervention, 2400 control). METHODS We collected both qualitative and quantitative process evaluation data from 24 schools (14 intervention and 10 control), which included tracking teacher training issues, challenges and barriers to effective implementation of PAAC lessons, initial and continual use of program specified activities, and potential competing factors, which might contaminate or lessen program effects. RESULTS Overall teacher attendance at training sessions showed exceptional reach. Teachers incorporated active lessons on most days, resulting in significantly greater student physical activity levels compared to controls (p < 0.0001). Enjoyment ratings for classroom-based lessons were also higher for intervention students. Competing factors, which might influence program results, were not carried out at intervention or control schools or were judged to be minimal. CONCLUSION In the first year of the PAAC intervention, process evaluation results were instrumental in identifying successes and challenges faced by teachers when trying to modify existing academic lessons to incorporate physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl A Gibson
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas School of Medicine, 3901 Rainbow Blvd,, Mail Stop 1020, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA.
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Smith BK, Goetz JR, Cook-Wiens G, Sullivan DK, Donnelly JE. Substrate Oxidation Changes During Exercise In Children: Recommended VS. Low Dairy Intake. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2008. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000322978.43241.8c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Smith BK. Introduction and Overview. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2008. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000321112.02027.b6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Kirk EP, Donnelly JE, Smith BK, Honas J, LeCheminant J, Bailey BW, Jacobsen DJ, Washburn RA. A Six Month Minimal Resistance Training Program Improves Energy Expenditure And Fat Oxidation In Sedentary, Overweight Young Adults Measured Using A Whole Room Indirect Calorimeter. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2008. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000321552.40364.7b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Donnelly JE, Sullivan DK, Smith BK, Jacobsen DJ, Washburn RA, Johnson SL, Hill JO, Mayo MS, Spaeth KR, Gibson C. Alteration of dietary fat intake to prevent weight gain: Jayhawk Observed Eating Trial. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2008; 16:107-12. [PMID: 18223621 DOI: 10.1038/oby.2007.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the effects of ad libitum diets with three distinct levels of fat intake for the prevention of weight gain in sedentary, normal-weight and overweight men and women. METHODS AND PROCEDURES Three hundred and five participants were randomized to one of three diets. The diets targeted <25% of energy from fat (low fat (LF)), between 28 and 32% of energy from fat (moderate fat (MF)), or >35% of energy from fat (high fat (HF)). Participants consumed two meals per day on weekdays and one meal per day on weekends in a university cafeteria over a 12-week period. Energy and nutrient content of cafeteria foods were measured by digital photography. All meals and snacks consumed outside the cafeteria were measured by dietary recall. All analysis of energy and nutrient content was completed using Nutrition Data System for Research (NDS-R) version 2005. RESULTS Two hundred and sixty participants completed the study. LF gained 0.1 +/- 3.1 kg, MF gained 0.8 +/- 2.5 kg, and HF gained 1.0 +/- 2.2 kg and there was no gender or age effect. Longitudinal mixed modeling indicated a significant difference among the groups in weight over time (P = 0.0366). When adjusting for total energy intake, which was a significant predictor of weight over time, the global effect for the group was eliminated. Thus, increasing weight was a function of increasing energy but not increasing percentage of fat intake. DISCUSSION Energy intake, but not percentage of energy from fat, appears responsible for the observed weight gain. LF diets may contribute to weight maintenance and HF diets may promote weight gain due to the influence of fat intake on total energy intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph E Donnelly
- Energy Balance Laboratory and Center for Physical Activity, Nutrition, and Weight Management, Schiefelbusch Institute for Lifespan Studies, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA.
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DuBose KD, Mayo MS, Gibson CA, Green JL, Hill JO, Jacobsen DJ, Smith BK, Sullivan DK, Washburn RA, Donnelly JE. Physical activity across the curriculum (PAAC): Rationale and design. Contemp Clin Trials 2008; 29:83-93. [PMID: 17611168 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2007.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2006] [Revised: 05/17/2007] [Accepted: 05/22/2007] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over the years schools have reduced physical education and recess time in favor of more academic instruction. Due to the drastic rise in obesity levels among children, some states have begun to mandate minimum amounts of physical activity (PA) that school children receive, causing schools to find alternative methods for increasing PA levels. Physical Activity Across the Curriculum (PAAC) is a 3-year randomized clinical trial incorporating moderate-intensity PA in elementary schools to reduce childhood obesity. This paper describes the rational, design, and methods of the PAAC intervention study. METHODS Twenty-two elementary schools were randomized to either a control or intervention condition. In schools randomized to the intervention condition (PAAC), regular classroom teachers were taught how to incorporate PA into standard academic lessons. Teachers were asked to accumulate 90-100 min/week of PAAC each week through out the 3-year study period. Schools randomized to the control group did not alter their teaching methods. Direct observation of PA levels in the classroom was collected weekly. Height and weight was measured twice a year to calculate BMI. RESULTS Two years of the intervention have been completed and only one school has left the study. The remaining 21 schools are participating in the final intervention year. CONCLUSIONS The results from the PAAC intervention may provide schools with an alternative method to increase PA levels in children and reduce childhood obesity.
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Abstract
This study sought to determine the influence of 16 months of progressive aerobic exercise on excess postexercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) and the extent EPOC contributed to weight management. Twenty-five overweight/obese women and 16 overweight/obese men participated in a 16-month exercise program (moderate-intensity treadmill walking) that progressed across the first 26 weeks to 5 days.wk(-1), 45 min.session(-1), and 75% HRR. Three-hour EPOC was measured at baseline, 9 months, and 16 months by indirect calorimetry in response to an exercise session (treadmill walking), in which energy expenditure (EE) was estimated from the participant's previous 10 exercise sessions. For women, EPOC was 7.5 +/- 4.9, 9.6 +/- 7.6, and 6.5 +/- 6.5 L at baseline, 9 months, and 16 months, respectively (p > 0.05). For men, EPOC increased from baseline (11.8 +/- 6.8 L) to 9 months (13.5 +/- 8.6 L) (p < 0.05) with no further increase at 16 months (13.5 +/- 11.0 L). Change in EPOC was correlated with change in EE at 9 months (r = 0.65; p < 0.05) and 16 months (r = 0.58; p < 0.05) for men but not women. Progressive long-term exercise significantly influenced EPOC in overweight/obese men but not women. Change in volume of exercise likely explained the increase in energy expenditure during EPOC in men. EPOC contributed modestly to EE compared to the exercise itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D LeCheminant
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, Edwardsville, Illinois 66026, United States.
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Guilford BL, Smith BK, Schmelzle KH, Gibson CA, Washburn RA, Sullivan DK, Donnelly JE. Kansas Get Moving. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2007. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000273857.09557.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Kirk EP, Washburn RA, Smith BK, LeCheminant JD, Bailey BW, Donnelly JE. 6 Months Of Moderate- Or High Intensity Resistance Training Does Not Favorably Alter The Lipoprotein-lipid Profiles In Young Adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2007. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000274147.05163.48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Linden MA, Rector RS, Altena TS, Smith BK, Zhang JQ, Ziogas GG, Liu Y, Thomas TR. Estimating Postprandial Lipemia Using A Single Point TViglyceride Concentration. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2007. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000274840.93189.e2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Smith BK, Washburn RA, Donnelly JE. The Role of Resistance Training in Reducing Metabolic Risk. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2007. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000272816.73082.c8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Smith BK, DuBose K, Befort C, Donnelly J. Changes in the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in elementary school children following a 3 year school based physical activity intervention. FASEB J 2007. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.21.5.a325-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bryan K. Smith
- Schiefelbush Life Span Institute, The University of Kansa1301 Sunnyside AveLawrenceKS66045
| | - Katrina DuBose
- East Carolina University153 Minges ColiseumGreenvilleNC27858
| | - Christie Befort
- Preventative MedicineUniversity of Kansas Medical Center3901 Rainbow BlvdKansas CityKS66160
| | - Joseph Donnelly
- Schiefelbush Life Span Institute, The University of Kansa1301 Sunnyside AveLawrenceKS66045
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacy of a phone vs a traditional face-to-face clinic approach to achieve 10% weight loss and weight maintenance. DESIGN Twenty-six week, randomized, controlled trial. SUBJECTS Twenty-four men and 72 women, ages 25-68 years, with a body mass index (BMI) of 33.2+/-3.8. MEASUREMENTS Weight loss at 12 weeks and weight maintenance at 26 weeks were the primary outcomes. Attendance, meal replacements (MRs), fruits/vegetables (F/V), and physical activity (PA) were measured weekly for process evaluation. RESULTS Median weight loss (range) from baseline at 12 weeks was significantly different for phone at 10.6 kg (16.6) or 10.4% and clinic at 12.7 kg (19.9) or 13.7%, and both were significantly different when compared with the control group with a weight loss of 0.25 kg (5.6) or 0.24%. Median weight loss at 26 weeks was 12.8 kg (23.4) or 13.0% from baseline for the phone group and 12.5 kg (35.2) or 12.6% from baseline for the clinic group (P>0.05). CONCLUSION The median weight loss for both phone and clinic groups at 12 and 26 weeks exceeded the NHLBI guideline of 10% weight loss from baseline. The phone approach may be a viable option to the traditional weight management clinic for both service providers and participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Donnelly
- Energy Balance Lab and Center for Physical Activity, Nutrition, and Weight Management, Schiefelbusch Institute for Life Span Studies, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA.
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Smith BK, Honas JJ, Washburn RA, Donnelly JE. Changes in Regional Body Composition after 6 Months of Supervised Resistance Training. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2006. [DOI: 10.1249/00005768-200611001-00163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Abstract
Exercise generally results in less weight loss than expected and it is frequently observed that men and women do not respond equally to exercise for weight loss. This may be caused by differences in compensation by other components of energy balance or to differences in the energy expenditure of exercise observed between genders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph E Donnelly
- Center for Physical Activity and Weight Management, Schiefelbusch Life Span Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA.
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