'Freudism' and modernity: transcultural impact of psychoanalysis in the modern Turkish novel

The theory of psychoanalysis came to Turkey in the early 1900s, but it was dismissed as being unmedical in a psychiatric context shaped by the Kraepelinian model. Still, it rapidly entered the intellectual discourses of the period, and in literature, it became a contact zone to discuss broader issues concerning the modernisation of the country. Novelists in particular undertook a critique of its epistemology to explore what they deemed the conflictual relationship between the native values and the westernising attitudes as broadly conceived at the time. Two early examples of such novelistic engagements with psychoanalysis are Peyami Safa's Matmazel Noraliya'nın Koltuğu and Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar's Saatleri Ayarlama Enstitüsü This article focuses on the novelists' engagement with psychoanalysis in their critique of the modernisation project adopted in Turkey through the theme of the 'self-in-crisis'. Both texts contribute to the broader discussions of their milieu in a way that presents psychoanalysis as being representative of that which is modern and portray it critically to underline the dissonances between the old, traditional values and the new, imported ones.

Effects of Age, Gender and Education on Phonemic and Semantic Verbal Fluency

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to obtain normative data for Verbal Fluency Test and investigate the effects of age, gender, and education on verbal fluency in native Turkish-speaking individuals.

METHOD

A pilot study was conducted to determine 3 letters with differing levels of difficulty for completing the phonemic fluency task. First names and animals were chosen for the semantic fluency task, and an alternating semantic task (first name-animal) was also used. In total, 415 participants (208 male and 207 female) were recruited and stratified based on the age and education levels.

RESULTS

Level of education had a main effect on all verbal fluency tasks; people with higher education performed better. Age and gender were found to have no effect on phonemic verbal fluency. Only the < name production task was affected by gender, women performed better. Younger age groups produced more words in name generation and semantic alternating fluency tasks.

CONCLUSION

The effects of age, gender and education on verbal fluency are in accordance with many previous reports. Analysis of various errors were also conducted. Results for Turkish are presented and discussed in the light of literature.

One-pot cascade polycondensation and Passerini three-component reactions for the synthesis of functional polyesters

A one-pot cascade four-component polymerization and post-polymerization modification reaction is introduced to synthetic polymer chemistry.

Rapid Synthesis of Polyester Based Single-Chain Polymeric Nanoparticles via Intra-Molecular Aza Michael Addition Reaction

An alternative strategy was developed to prepare intramolecularly crosslinked soft nanoparticles using aza Michael addition reaction on a linear polyester (PCA) containing in-chain reactive triple bonds. The linear precursor was...

Effects of amoxicillin on gingival biopsies and oral smears: A cross-sectional study

Background

Antibiotic use in research volunteers partaking in dental studies varies widely, as inclusion and exclusion criteria used in participant selection lack strict rules.

Aim

We aimed to investigate the most appropriate ending time of amoxicillin therapy in healthy subjects before their recruitment and participation in oral histology trials. A cross-sectional design study was conducted in Istanbul, Turkey, between October 2018 and June 2019.

Subjects and Methods

Study participants who had undergone a previous course of amoxicillin were divided into three groups according to the amount of time since their last antibiotic dose: group I, within 1 month; group II, within 4-6 months; and group III, within 7-12 months. Periodontal parameters were measured, and smear samples were obtained from buccal mucosa and keratinized gingiva. Gingival biopsies were taken from the upper premolars. Genetic damage and histopathological damage were analyzed with Feulgen reaction and with hematoxylin-eosin staining. Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis, and the Pearson Chi-square tests.

Results

There were no significant differences in the periodontal parameters and sociodemographic characteristics between the groups (P > 0.05). Higher genetic and histopathological damage scores were observed in group I, which were significantly different compared to the other groups (P < 0.05). No significant differences were observed between groups II and III (P > 0.05).

Conclusions

When selecting healthy participants for oral histology trials, at least 3 months should pass after the final dose of amoxicillin is taken to avoid negative effects on gingival tissue and smear samples.

Effects of exercise on periodontal parameters in obese women

Background

Several studies have demonstrated an association between obesity, periodontitis, and exercise.

Aims

This study aimed to investigate the effects of regular exercise on obese women with periodontal disease, using serum, saliva, and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples. A before-after study design was adopted to evaluate the effects of 12 weeks of regular exercise on obese women grouped according to periodontal status, without a control group (no exercise). The study sample comprised of 15 patients without periodontitis (NP group) and 10 patients with chronic periodontitis (CP group), from whom periodontal parameters were measured and serum, saliva, and GCF samples were collected. Body mass index (BMI), anthropometric measurements, somatotype-motoric tests, and maximal oxygen consumption (VO₂max) were recorded at baseline and after exercise.

Subjects and Methods

Med Calc was used for statistical analysis.

Results

After exercise, a significant decrease in BMI and a significant increase in VO₂max were observed in both groups. A significant decrease in probing depth and clinical attachment loss, serum leptin, GCF tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and leptin, and a significant increase in GCF resistin were observed in the CP group. A significant decrease in serum TNF-α and leptin levels and a significant increase in serum resistin and GCF TNF-α, leptin, resistin, and adiponectin levels were observed in the NP group. Significant correlations between bleeding on probing and levels of interleukin-1β and leptin in GCF were observed in the CP group.

Conclusions

This study showed that regular exercise exerts different impacts with respect to clinical and biochemical aspects of periodontal and systemic conditions in obese women.

Electronic structure and optical properties of novel monolayer gallium nitride and boron phosphide heterobilayers

An external electric field modifies the electronic structure, charge distribution and energy band gap in the heterobilayer of gallium nitride/boron phosphide.

Immediate implant placement: Report of case series

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome of immediate postextraction implant placement. Immediate placement of dental implants have been claimed of the potential advantages such as reductions in the number of surgical interventions, a shorter treatment time, an ideal 3-dimensional implant positioning, the presumptive preservation of alveolar bone at the site of the tooth extraction and soft tissue aesthetics. Method: In this case series we reported to extract 15 teeth in 12 patients (8 males; 4 females, mean age: 46.08 years) and replace the teeth with implants immediately. Results: There were no signs of inflammation or infection and none of the patients had complaints subsequently. All implants were osseointegrated at the time of abutment connection. Postoperative healing was uneventful in all of the patients. No complications were observed. Conclusion: Within the limits of the present study, immediate implant placement was a predictable treatment.