1
|
Lam L, Czer L, Runyan C, Otarola I, Jang J, Lau J, Gau M, Hernandez K, Ngo T, Cole R, Moriguchi J. Outcome of Enoxaparin Bridging in Left Ventricular Assist Devices (LVAD) in an Ambulatory Setting: A Continuation Study at Cedars Sinai Medical Center (CSMC). J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.1380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
|
2
|
Kobashigawa J, Kittleson M, Kim S, Singer-Englar T, Esmailian G, Runyan C, Cole R, Moriguchi J, Megna D, Czer L, Patel J. The Outcome of Heart Transplant Patients with Severe Rejection Requiring ECMO Support: Is it Futile. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
|
3
|
Patel J, Kittleson M, Moriguchi J, Singer-Englar T, Kim S, De Leon F, Runyan C, Czer L, Emerson D, Megna D, Esmailian F, Kobashigawa J. Does Right Ventricular Support with Mechanical Assist Devices Compromise Outcome for Heart Transplantation? J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
|
4
|
Kittleson M, Patel J, Moriguchi J, Cole R, Singer-Englar T, Patel N, Runyan C, Welton M, Czer L, Catarino P, Kobashigawa J. Do Older LVAD Patients Have Compromised Outcome after Heart Transplantation: Should They Stay as Destination Therapy? J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
|
5
|
Kittleson M, Patel J, Chang D, Patel N, Esmailian G, Singer-Englar T, Runyan C, Moriguchi J, Czer L, Esmailian F, Kobashigawa J. Is Chronic Kidney Disease Truly a Contraindication for Total Artificial Heart Candidacy and Subsequent Heart Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
|
6
|
Kobashigawa J, Patel J, Kittleson M, Cole R, Patel N, Singer-Englar T, Runyan C, Geft D, Czer L, Esmailian F. Intra-Aortic Balloon Placement without Inotropes: A Shift in Practice for Higher Urgency Status for Patients Awaiting Heart Transplant? J Heart Lung Transplant 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2022.01.1382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
|
7
|
Salhi C, Berrigan J, Azrael D, Beatriz E, Barber C, Runyan C, Miller M. ' It's changed how we have these conversations': emergency department clinicians' experiences implementing firearms and other lethal suicide methods counseling for caregivers of adolescents. Int Rev Psychiatry 2021; 33:617-625. [PMID: 33496204 DOI: 10.1080/09540261.2020.1870938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Counseling parents to reduce access to firearms and other potentially lethal suicide methods is commonly known as lethal means counseling (LMC). The current study explores the experiences that emergency department-based behavioural health clinicians described having as they provided lethal means counseling to parents of adolescents at risk for suicide. Clinicians were purposively sampled from four hospital networks in Colorado after their hospitals adopted LMC protocols as part of an intervention that also included online training in LMC and provision of free medication and firearm lockboxes. Twenty-three clinicians were interviewed using semi-structured interviews. Data were analysed using a modified grounded theory-based approach. Clinicians felt more comfortable and effective in their abilities to provide LMC after the intervention. Clinicians also described how being able to offer free storage devices helped them engage in LMC. In advising parents to make guns and medications inaccessible to their at-risk child, most clinicians pointed to at least one of three research findings highlighted in the online training: (1) Suicide attempts with guns rarely afford second chances, (2) medication overdoses can kill, (3) suicidal behaviour is always unpredictable and often impulsive. All clinicians described a desire to continue LMC as currently protocolized at their hospital after the study ended.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Salhi
- Department of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA.,Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - J Berrigan
- Harvard Injury Control Research Center, Harvard Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - D Azrael
- Harvard Injury Control Research Center, Harvard Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - E Beatriz
- Department of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - C Barber
- Harvard Injury Control Research Center, Harvard Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - M Miller
- Department of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Injury Control Research Center, Harvard Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lam L, Czer L, Cole R, Zhao M, Chen S, Le T, Kasper L, Singer-Englar T, Aguillon M, Knabe K, Huie N, Chen W, Runyan C, Moriguchi J, Zabner R, Kobashigawa J, Esmailian F. Incidence of Surgical-Related Infections in Temporary Mechanical Circulatory Support Patients Using Narrow Spectrum versus Broad Spectrum Peri-Operative Antibiotic Prophylaxis. J Heart Lung Transplant 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2021.01.1158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
|
9
|
Ramzy D, Akhmerov A, Esmailian F, Megna D, Emerson D, Levine R, Cole R, Runyan C, Kobashigawa J, Moriguchi J. Landscape of Heart Transplantation Following Changes in UNOS Donor Allocation Policy. J Heart Lung Transplant 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2021.01.362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
|
10
|
Patel J, Kittleson M, Cole R, Patel N, Singer-Englar T, Runyan C, Geft D, Czer L, Ramzy D, Esmailian F, Moriguchi J, Kobashigawa J. The Impact of Renal Dysfunction in Mechanical Circulatory Support Device Patients on Post-Heart Transplant Outcomes. J Heart Lung Transplant 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2021.01.1198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
|
11
|
Ramzy D, Esmailian F, Emerson D, Megna D, Levine R, Cole R, Passano E, Runyan C, Velleca A, Kobashigawa J, Moriguchi J. The New UNOS Heart Allocation Changes Significantly Changed the Landscape of Heart Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2020.01.1287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
|
12
|
Runyan C, Zabner R, Ramzy D, Esmailian F, Emerson D, Megna D, Passano E, Hajj J, Huie N, Lindsay M, Aguillon M, Lam L, Chang D, Kobashigawa J, Moriguchi J, Cole R. Increased Incidence of Cholecystitis with Total Artificial Heart versus Left Ventricular Assist Device. J Heart Lung Transplant 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2020.01.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
|
13
|
Seguchi O, Youn J, Geft D, Cole R, Shen A, Nishihara K, Mersola S, Runyan C, Hajj J, Ramzy D, Kobashigawa J, Moriguchi J. The Burden of Total Artificial Heart Patients and Complications after Heart Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2020.01.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
|
14
|
Sandau K, Williams M, Canakes K, Martinez B, Barone H, Aronow H, Hajj J, Huie N, Lindsay M, Aguillon M, Runyan C, Cole R, Coleman B. Patient Perspectives of Managing Life with a Left Ventricular Assist Device: “I Could Connect How I Felt with What Was Going on.” A Qualitative Analysis. J Heart Lung Transplant 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2020.01.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
|
15
|
Coleman B, Williams M, Canakes K, Barone H, Aronow H, Hajj J, Huie N, Lindsay M, Aguillon M, Runyan C, Chang D, Sandau K, Martinez B. Threats to Resilience: How Well are We Preparing Caregivers of Patients Post-Mechanical Circulatory (MCS) Implant to Their Adjustment at Home? J Heart Lung Transplant 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2020.01.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
|
16
|
Barone H, Olman M, Fishman A, Olanisa L, Runyan C, Hajj J, Huie N, Lindsay M, Passano E, Kobashigawa J, Moriguchi J, Cole R, Esmailian F, Chung J, Ramzy D. The Value of Licensed Clinical Social Worker Pre-Implant Assessment in Predicting Non-Compliance in Durable Mechanical Circulatory Support Device Patients. J Heart Lung Transplant 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2019.01.219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
|
17
|
Lam L, Payne-Cardona M, Fang M, Herra R, Mondragon EC, Runyan C, Moriguchi J, Kobashigawa J, Czer L, Arabia F, Zabner R. Comparing the Incidence of Surgical Site Infections(SSI) Using Narrow versus Broad-Spectrum Perioperative Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Mechanical Circulatory Support (MCS) Patients. J Heart Lung Transplant 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2019.01.239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
|
18
|
Coleman B, Levine R, Arabia F, Passano E, Dimbil S, Barone H, Runyan C, Huie N, Hajj J, Lindsay M, Kobashigawa J. Is the VAS Quality of Life Assessment Tool Sensitive to Both Male and Female MCSD Patients? J Heart Lung Transplant 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2018.01.761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
|
19
|
Volod O, Lam L, Barglowski M, Mirocha J, Runyan C, Moriguchi J, Czer L, Arabia F. Comparison of Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT) and Anti-Factor Xa for Low Intensity Unfractionated Heparin Monitoring in Patients with Mechanical Circulatory Support Devices (MCSD). J Heart Lung Transplant 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2017.01.1268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
|
20
|
Barone H, Coleman B, Aronow H, Runyan C, Hajj J, Huie N, Passano E, Czer L, Kobashigawa J, Moriguchi J, Arabia F. Implementing Practices to Improve Self-Care Among Caregivers of Patients with Mechanical Circulatory Support. J Heart Lung Transplant 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2017.01.1012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
|
21
|
Coleman B, Barone H, Aronow H, Runyan C, Hajj J, Huie N, Passano E, Czer L, Kobashigawa J, Moriguchi J, Arabia F. Mechanical Circulatory Support Caregiver Gender Burden and Benefit: Is There a Difference? J Heart Lung Transplant 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2017.01.1008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
|
22
|
Barone H, Hajj J, Runyan C, Huie N, Jocson R, Geft D, Passano E, Czer L, Moriguchi J, Kobashigawa J, Arabia F. Managing Driveline Repairs in Total Artificial Heart Patients: A Single Center Experience. J Heart Lung Transplant 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2017.01.1199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
|
23
|
Runyan C, Henry H, Huie N, Moriguchi J, Kittleson M, Czer L, Chang D, Passano E, Aintablian T, Kobashigawa J, Esmailian F, Arabia F. Can Patients with Restrictive Physiology Be Successfully Bridged to Transplant with Left Ventricular Support Alone Versus Biventricular Support? J Heart Lung Transplant 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2016.01.1106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
|
24
|
Kittleson M, Patel J, Czer L, Passano E, Aintablian T, Runyan C, Huie N, Chang D, Esmailian F, Moriguchi J, Kobashigawa J. Comparison of 6 Month Hospitalizations in Mechanical Circulatory Support Patients vs Heart Transplant Patients. J Heart Lung Transplant 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2016.01.744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
|
25
|
Runyan C, Moriguchi J, Kittleson M, Czer L, Passano E, Liou F, Chang D, Ramzy D, Esmailian F, Kobashigawa J, Arabia F. Reliability of the Freedom Driver After Total Artificial Heart Implantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2015.01.569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
|
26
|
Kobashigawa J, Moriguchi J, Reinsmoen N, Kittleson M, Yu Z, Liou F, Ngan A, Runyan C, Henry H, Chang D, Czer L, Arabia F. Sensitized VADs vs. Sensitized Non-VADs: Is There an Immunological Difference? J Heart Lung Transplant 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2014.01.823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
|
27
|
Kansara P, Kransdorf E, Kittleson M, Patel J, Coleman B, Jamero G, Runyan C, Olay C, Jocson R, Czer L, Trento A, Kass R, Esmailian F, Kobashigawa J, Moriguchi J. 785 Improved Outcomes in “Crash and Burn” Patients through BiVAD Support. J Heart Lung Transplant 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2012.01.802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
|
28
|
Santana V, Villaveces A, Bangdwala K, Runyan C, Albuquerque-Oliveira PR. P1-317 Incidence of severe work-related injuries among young adult workers in Brazil- analysis of compensation data. Br J Soc Med 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/jech.2011.142976f.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
29
|
Rauscher K, Myers D, Schulman M, Runyan C. Exploring social contexts at work and how they affect the safety of young construction workers. Inj Prev 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/ip.2010.029215.637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
30
|
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe the circumstances of fatal unintentional firearm injuries in a statewide population in a region of the United States with high firearm fatality rates and to compare to similar data from an earlier period in the same state. METHODS Analyses of North Carolina medical examiner database (1985-94) and review of medical examiner case reports (1990-94) and comparison to similar data from 1979-82. RESULTS A total of 390 unintentional shooting deaths occurred (0.59/100,000 population) between 1985-94 with the highest rate in the ages 15-24. Between 1990-94, handguns were responsible for 59% of these deaths compared to 40% in the 1979-82 period. Younger victims were more likely to be shot by family or friends, though, 53% of all deaths were self inflicted. In 45 cases, the person firing the weapon was reported to believe that the gun was unloaded or had the safety device activated. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates changes in patterns of unintentional firearm fatalities in North Carolina in two decades, particularly the increase in incidence of events involving handguns. The results highlight the need for additional attention to efforts governing access to firearms, particularly handguns; technological advances in designing safer guns, and additional emphasis on safe storage policies and practices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Cherry
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill 27599-7505, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Abstract
Gonadal steroids clearly influence the course of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in women. This observation has suggested that these hormones have beneficial effects on the physiology of the vascular wall. Increased arterial vascular caliber after estrogen treatment, decreased lipid levels in subjects receiving hormone replacement therapy, and the markedly decreased extent of atherosclerotic plaque formation in young women as compared with young men support a cardioprotective effect of ovarian steroids. Generally, it appears that the effects of 17beta-estradiol are particularly beneficial, and the mechanism of action is targeted largely to the endothelial cell. This review describes the evidence for positive effects of estrogens on endothelial cell biology and considers potential mechanisms for estrogen actions on endothelial cell signal transduction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H W Schnaper
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Medical School, and the Children's Memorial Institute for Education and Research, Children's Memorial Hospital, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Constantinou A, Mehta R, Runyan C, Rao K, Vaughan A, Moon R. Flavonoids as DNA topoisomerase antagonists and poisons: structure-activity relationships. J Nat Prod 1995; 58:217-25. [PMID: 7769390 DOI: 10.1021/np50116a009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Selected flavonoids were tested for their ability to inhibit the catalytic activity of DNA topoisomerase (topo) I and II. Myricetin, quercetin, fisetin, and morin were found to inhibit both enzymes, while phloretin, kaempferol, and 4',6,7-trihydroxyisoflavone inhibited topo II without inhibiting topo I. Flavonoids demonstrating potent topo I and II inhibition required hydroxyl group substitution at the C-3, C-7, C-3', and C-4' positions and also required a keto group at C-4. Additional B-ring hydroxylation enhanced flavonoid topo I inhibitory action. A C-2, C-3 double bond was also required, but when the A ring is opened, the requirement for the double bond was eliminated. Genistein has been previously reported to stabilize the covalent topo II-DNA cleavage complex and thus function as a topo II poison. All flavonoids were tested for their ability to stabilize the cleavage complex between topo I or topo II and DNA. None of the agents stabilized the topo I-DNA cleavage complex, but prunetin, quercetin, kaempferol, and apigenin stabilized the topo II DNA-complex. Competition experiments have shown that genistein-induced topo II-mediated DNA cleavage can be inhibited by myricetin, suggesting that both types of inhibitors (antagonists and poisons) interact with the same functional domain of their target enzyme. These results are of use for the selection of flavonoids that can inhibit specific topoisomerases at specific stages of the topoisomerization reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Constantinou
- Department of Surgical Oncology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago 60612, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Constantinou A, Stoner GD, Mehta R, Rao K, Runyan C, Moon R. The dietary anticancer agent ellagic acid is a potent inhibitor of DNA topoisomerases in vitro. Nutr Cancer 1995; 23:121-30. [PMID: 7644381 DOI: 10.1080/01635589509514368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Ellagic acid and 12 related agents have been tested for their ability to inhibit the activities of human DNA topoisomerase (topo) I and II. Using specific in vitro assays, we found ellagic acid and flavellagic acid to be potent inhibitors of the catalytic activities of the two topoisomerases. The minimum concentration required to inhibit > or = 50% of catalytic activity (IC50) of ellagic acid was determined at 0.6 and 0.7 micrograms/ml for topo I and topo II, respectively. Flavellagic acid's IC50 was determined at 3.0 and 3.6 micrograms/ml for topo I and topo II, respectively. Unlike topoisomerase poisons, these two plant phenols did not trap the enzyme-DNA reaction intermediate, known as the cleavable complex. In contrast, ellagic acid prevented other topo I and topo II poisons from stabilizing the cleavable complex, suggesting that the mode of its action is that of an antagonist. Structure-activity studies identified the 3,3'-hydroxyl groups and the lactone groups as the most essential elements for the topoisomerase inhibitory actions of plant phenols. On the basis of these findings and other properties of ellagic acid, a mechanistic model for the documented anticarcinogenic effects of the agent is proposed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Constantinou
- Department of Surgical Oncology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago 60612, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Abstract
Physical and sexual abuse of adolescents is becoming a major health problem in the United States. Among all confirmed cases of abuse, 28% occur between 12 and 17 years of age. Physical abuse in this age group often results from situational conflicts and discipline is frequently the rationale. In infants the sex distribution is approximately equal, but adolescent females are twice as likely to be abused as adolescent males, largely because of the frequency of sexual abuse. As the individual of first contact, the health care provider is often in a unique position to offer help to both the adolescents and their parents by maintaining open lines of communication, relating to the parents and the youth, diffusing potentially abusive situations, and treating cases appropriately when abuse occurs. This paper reviews the Minnesota definitions of abuse and neglect and presents recent Minnesota data on adolescent abuse. The dynamics of the problem are analyzed in comparison with child abuse and in the context of adolescent development. Suggestions are presented to assist the practitioner in identifying, treating and reporting adolescent abuse.
Collapse
|