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Deken M, Niewola-Staszkowska K, Peyruchaud O, Mikulčić N, Antolić M, Shah P, Cheasty A, Tagliavini A, Nizzardo A, Pergher M, Ziviani L, Milleri S, Pickering C, Lahn M, van der Veen L, Di Conza G, Johnson Z. Characterization and translational development of IOA-289, a novel autotaxin inhibitor for the treatment of solid tumors. Immunooncol Technol 2023; 18:100384. [PMID: 37234285 PMCID: PMC10205783 DOI: 10.1016/j.iotech.2023.100384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Background Autotaxin-lysophosphatidic acid (ATX-LPA) signaling has a predominant role in immunological and fibrotic processes, including cancer. Several ATX inhibitors and LPA receptor antagonists have been clinically evaluated, but none in patients with solid tumors. Many cancers are burdened with a high degree of fibrosis and an immune desert phenotype (so-called 'cold' tumors). In these cold tumors, the fibrotic stroma provides an intrinsic cancer-supporting mechanism. Furthermore, the stroma prevents penetration and limits the effectiveness of existing therapies. IOA-289 is a novel ATX inhibitor with a unique chemical structure, excellent potency and an attractive safety profile. Materials and methods In vitro and in vivo pharmacology studies have been carried out to elucidate the pharmaceutical properties and mechanism of action of IOA-289. A phase I clinical study in healthy volunteers was carried out to determine the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of IOA-289 following a single oral dose. Results In vitro and in vivo studies showed that IOA-289 is a potent inhibitor of ATX and, as a monotherapy, is able to slow progression of lung fibrosis and tumor growth in mouse models. In a clinical study, IOA-289 showed a dose-dependent increase in plasma exposure levels and a corresponding decrease in circulating LPA. Conclusions Our data show that IOA-289 is a novel ATX inhibitor with a unique chemical structure, excellent potency and an attractive safety profile. Our data support the further development of IOA-289 as a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of cancer, particularly those with a high fibrotic and immunologically cold phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - O. Peyruchaud
- INSERM, UMR 1033, Faculté de Médecine Lyon Est, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | | | | | - P. Shah
- Cancer Research Horizons, Therapeutic Discovery Laboratories, Cambridge, UK
| | - A. Cheasty
- Cancer Research Horizons, Therapeutic Discovery Laboratories, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | | | - L. Ziviani
- Centro Ricerche Cliniche di Verona srl, Verona, Italy
| | - S. Milleri
- Centro Ricerche Cliniche di Verona srl, Verona, Italy
| | | | - M. Lahn
- iOnctura, Geneva, Switzerland
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Dhawan A, Molkentine D, Hefner A, Pifer P, Bahri R, Molkentine J, Pickering C, Sandulache V, Skinner H. p16 Regulates Transcription Factor Sp1 Function to Affect Outcome in Oropharyngeal Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.07.638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Abdelhakiem M, Bao R, Ferris R, Heymach J, Pickering C, Luke J, Skinner H. Predicted Th2 Infiltrate is Associated with Outcome in HPV(-) Head and Neck Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Pifer P, Kumar M, Yang L, Xie T, Frederick M, Hefner A, Beadle B, Dhawan A, Molkentine D, Molkentine J, Myers J, Pickering C, Heymach J, Skinner H. Focal Adhesion Kinase Drives Resistance to Therapy in HPV-Negative Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma in a p53-Dependent Manner. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Di Giacomo A, Santangelo F, Amato G, Simonetti E, Graham J, Lahn M, Zorilla R, van der Veen L, Johnson Z, Pickering C, Maréchal E, Blanco J, Durini M, Gufford B, Lakshmikanth T, Brodin P, Spiliopoulou P, Evans T, Maio M. 139P First-in-human (FIH), pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) study of IOA-244, a phosphoinositide 3-kinase delta (PI3Kδ) inhibitor, in patients with advanced metastatic mesothelioma, uveal and cutaneous melanoma. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.10.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Pifer P, Kumar M, Yang L, Xie T, Frederick M, Molkentine D, Molkentine J, Myers J, Pickering C, Skinner H. Focal Adhesion Kinase Drives Resistance to Therapy in HPV-Negative Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma in a p53-Dependent Manner. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.07.206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Martinez FE, Ho VW, Brogan G, Pickering C, Leung G, Parrey J, Charlton A. Period-Prevalence and Risk Factors for Delirium in a Tertiary Referral ICU: A prospective cohort study. Acute Med 2021; 20:168-173. [PMID: 34679133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Delirium is common in intensive care and leads to increases in morbidity, mortality, Intensive Care Unit (ICU) length of stay, and hospital length of stay. Certain risk factors predict the appearance of delirium. STUDY OBJECTIVES To determine the rates of delirium, the rate of risk factors, and their relationship to the occurrence of delirium in an adult ICU. METHODS Single-centre, prospective, observational study. Demographic and treatment data were collected. The Confusion Assessment Method for ICU (CAM-ICU) was performed twice daily to assess for delirium continuously during a 3-week period. Statistical analysis was used to determine the relationship between risk factors and the occurrence of delirium. RESULTS 86 patients were screened, 44 patients were included, and 260 patient-days were analyzed. The incidence of delirium was 42.9%, the prevalence of delirium in ICU was 50%. Urinary catheters and use of opioids were the most common factors with a positive association for occurrence of delirium. Exposure to daylight and sleeping for more than 4 hours at night were the factors most commonly associated with a lack of delirium. CONCLUSION The rates of delirium in ICU were high and risk factors occurred frequently. Addressing modifiable risk factors, including the promotion of adequate sleep, could improve outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- F E Martinez
- MD, FCICM, Staff Specialist, Intensive Care Unit
| | - V W Ho
- MBBS, FANZCA, Senior Registrar, Anaesthetics Department
| | - G Brogan
- BMedSci, MBBS, Senior Registrar, Intensive Care Unit, Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, NSW
| | - C Pickering
- MBBS, FCICM, Senior Registrar, Intensive Care Unit, Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, NSW
| | - G Leung
- MBBS, FANZCA, Senior Registrar, Anaesthetics Department
| | - J Parrey
- MBBS, FANZCA, Senior Registrar, Anaesthetics Department
| | - A Charlton
- MBBS, FCICM, Senior Registrar, Intensive Care Unit, Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, NSW
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Haddad RI, Massarelli E, Lee JJ, Lin HY, Hutcheson K, Lewis J, Garden AS, Blumenschein GR, William WN, Pharaon RR, Tishler RB, Glisson BS, Pickering C, Gold KA, Johnson FM, Rabinowits G, Ginsberg LE, Williams MD, Myers J, Kies MS, Papadimitrakopoulou V. Weekly paclitaxel, carboplatin, cetuximab, and cetuximab, docetaxel, cisplatin, and fluorouracil, followed by local therapy in previously untreated, locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Ann Oncol 2020; 30:471-477. [PMID: 30596812 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The survival advantage of induction chemotherapy (IC) followed by locoregional treatment is controversial in locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (LAHNSCC). We previously showed feasibility and safety of cetuximab-based IC (paclitaxel/carboplatin/cetuximab-PCC, and docetaxel/cisplatin/5-fluorouracil/cetuximab-C-TPF) followed by local therapy in LAHNSCC. The primary end point of this phase II clinical trial with randomization to PCC and C-TPF followed by combined local therapy in patients with LAHNSCC stratified by human papillomavirus (HPV) status and T-stage was 2-year progression-free survival (PFS) compared with historical control. PATIENTS AND METHODS Eligible patients were ≥18 years with squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx, oral cavity, nasopharynx, hypopharynx, or larynx with measurable stage IV (T0-4N2b-2c/3M0) and known HPV by p16 status. Stratification was by HPV and T-stage into one of the two risk groups: (i) low-risk: HPV-positive and T0-3 or HPV-negative and T0-2; (ii) intermediate/high-risk: HPV-positive and T4 or HPV-negative and T3-4. Patient reported outcomes were carried out. RESULTS A total of 136 patients were randomized in the study, 68 to each arm. With a median follow up of 3.2 years, the 2-year PFS in the PCC arm was 89% in the overall, 96% in the low-risk and 67% in the intermediate/high-risk groups; in the C-TPF arm 2-year PFS was 88% in the overall, 88% in the low-risk and 89% in the intermediate/high-risk groups. CONCLUSION The observed 2-year PFS of PCC in the low-risk group and of C-TPF in the intermediate/high-risk group showed a 20% improvement compared with the historical control derived from RTOG-0129, therefore reaching the primary end point of the trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- R I Haddad
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston
| | - E Massarelli
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston; Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope Cancer Center, Duarte
| | - J J Lee
- Departments of Biostatistics
| | - H Y Lin
- Departments of Biostatistics
| | | | - J Lewis
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - A S Garden
- Radiation Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - G R Blumenschein
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - W N William
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston; Oncology Center, Hospital BP, A Beneficencia Portuguesa de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - R R Pharaon
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope Cancer Center, Duarte
| | - R B Tishler
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston
| | - B S Glisson
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | | | - K A Gold
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston; Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of California San Diego Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla
| | - F M Johnson
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - G Rabinowits
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston; Department of Head and Neck Oncology, Baptist Health South Florida, Coral Gables
| | | | - M D Williams
- Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | | | - M S Kies
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - V Papadimitrakopoulou
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston.
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Pickering C, Kiely J, Suraci B, Collins D. The magnitude of Yo-Yo test improvements following an aerobic training intervention are associated with total genotype score. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0207597. [PMID: 30485313 PMCID: PMC6261586 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent research has demonstrated that there is considerable inter-individual variation in the response to aerobic training, and that this variation is partially mediated by genetic factors. As such, we aimed to investigate if a genetic based algorithm successfully predicted the magnitude of improvements following eight-weeks of aerobic training in youth soccer players. A genetic test was utilised to examine five single nucleotide polymorphisms (VEGF rs2010963, ADRB2 rs1042713 and rs1042714, CRP rs1205 & PPARGC1A rs8192678), whose occurrence is believed to impact aerobic training adaptations. 42 male soccer players (17.0 ± 1y, 176 ± 6 cm, 69 ± 9 kg) were tested and stratified into three different Total Genotype Score groups; "low", "medium"and "high", based on the possession of favourable polymorphisms. Subjects underwent two Yo-Yo tests separated by eight-weeks of sports-specific aerobic training. Overall, there were no significant differences between the genotype groups in pre-training Yo-Yo performance, but evident between-group response differentials emerged in post-training Yo-Yo test performance. Subjects in the "high" group saw much larger improvements (58%) than those in the 'medium" (35%) and "low" (7%) groups. There were significant (p<0.05) differences between the groups in the magnitude of improvement, with athletes in the "high" and medium group having larger improvements than the "low" group (d = 2.59 "high" vs "low"; d = 1.32 "medium" vs "low"). In conclusion, the magnitude of improvements in aerobic fitness following a training intervention were associated with a genetic algorithm comprised of five single nucleotide polymorphisms. This information could lead to the development of more individualised aerobic training designs, targeting optimal fitness adaptations.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Pickering
- Institute of Coaching and Performance, School of Sport & Wellbeing, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, United Kingdom
- Exercise and Nutritional Genomics Research Centre, DNAFit Ltd, London, United Kingdom
| | - J. Kiely
- Institute of Coaching and Performance, School of Sport & Wellbeing, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, United Kingdom
| | - B. Suraci
- Exercise and Nutritional Genomics Research Centre, DNAFit Ltd, London, United Kingdom
- Suraci Consultancy, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
| | - D. Collins
- Institute of Coaching and Performance, School of Sport & Wellbeing, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, United Kingdom
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Yefimova M, Pickering C. POTENTIALLY INAPPROPRIATE MEDICATION USE BY DEMENTIA FAMILY CAREGIVERS. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy023.3172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - C Pickering
- University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio
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Colbert L, Kumar M, Yang L, Molkentine D, Bridges K, Myers J, Xie T, Frederick M, Pickering C, Skinner H. In Vivo shRNA Screening Reveals Differential Radiosensitization Within HPV+ and HPV- Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.06.297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- C Pickering
- University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio
| | | | - C Maxwell
- Michigan State University, School of Criminal Justice
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Jones N, Kiely J, Suraci B, Collins DJ, de Lorenzo D, Pickering C, Grimaldi KA. A genetic-based algorithm for personalized resistance training. Biol Sport 2016; 33:117-26. [PMID: 27274104 PMCID: PMC4885623 DOI: 10.5604/20831862.1198210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 03/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Association studies have identified dozens of genetic variants linked to training responses and sport-related traits. However, no intervention studies utilizing the idea of personalised training based on athlete's genetic profile have been conducted. Here we propose an algorithm that allows achieving greater results in response to high- or low-intensity resistance training programs by predicting athlete's potential for the development of power and endurance qualities with the panel of 15 performance-associated gene polymorphisms. To develop and validate such an algorithm we performed two studies in independent cohorts of male athletes (study 1: athletes from different sports (n = 28); study 2: soccer players (n = 39)). In both studies athletes completed an eight-week high- or low-intensity resistance training program, which either matched or mismatched their individual genotype. Two variables of explosive power and aerobic fitness, as measured by the countermovement jump (CMJ) and aerobic 3-min cycle test (Aero3) were assessed pre and post 8 weeks of resistance training. In study 1, the athletes from the matched groups (i.e. high-intensity trained with power genotype or low-intensity trained with endurance genotype) significantly increased results in CMJ (P = 0.0005) and Aero3 (P = 0.0004). Whereas, athletes from the mismatched group (i.e. high-intensity trained with endurance genotype or low-intensity trained with power genotype) demonstrated non-significant improvements in CMJ (P = 0.175) and less prominent results in Aero3 (P = 0.0134). In study 2, soccer players from the matched group also demonstrated significantly greater (P < 0.0001) performance changes in both tests compared to the mismatched group. Among non- or low responders of both studies, 82% of athletes (both for CMJ and Aero3) were from the mismatched group (P < 0.0001). Our results indicate that matching the individual's genotype with the appropriate training modality leads to more effective resistance training. The developed algorithm may be used to guide individualised resistance-training interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Jones
- DNA Sports Performance Ltd, Manchester, UK
| | - J Kiely
- Institute of Coaching and Performance, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK
| | - B Suraci
- Suraci Consultancy, Portsmouth, UK
| | - D J Collins
- Institute of Coaching and Performance, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK
| | - D de Lorenzo
- Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, CEXS-UPF-PRBB, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Centro de Estudios en Genómica y Nutrición-CESGEN, Parc Científic i Tecnològic Agroalimentari de Lleida-PCiTAL, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - C Pickering
- Exercise and Nutritional Genomics Research Centre, DNAFit Ltd, London, UK
| | - K A Grimaldi
- Exercise and Nutritional Genomics Research Centre, DNAFit Ltd, London, UK
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Pickering C, Dykes J, Mas J, Domingo M, Yamauchi D, Lopatin G, Patricko J, Williams L. SU-E-T-288: Prediction of Initial Thyroid Therapy Clinical Exposure Rates Given the Amount of I-131 Activity and the Patient Habitus. Med Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4814722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Fried D, Pickering C, Rao A, Hunter L, Shah K, Ahmed S, Frederick M, Zhang J, Unruh A, Wang J, Ginsberg L, Kumar A, Myers J, Court L, Hamilton J. SU-E-CAMPUS-I-06: Imaging Biomarkers of CT Textural Analysis Correlate to Genomic Expression in Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Med Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4815172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Pickering C, Dykes J, Domingo M, Yamauchi D, Patricko J, Williams L. SU-E-T-261: Determination of Initial Exposure Rates and Clearance Constants in a Sequence of 165 Consecutive Thyroid Cancer Patients Undergoing NaI-131 Therapy. Med Phys 2012; 39:3763. [PMID: 28517329 DOI: 10.1118/1.4735328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Following surgery, papillary and follicular thyroid cancers are usually treated with oral administration of NaI-131. In order to estimate subsequent staff, family, and public exposures, it is important to measure both exposure rates as well as the time of clearance of residual activity from these individuals. There is the additional possibility that patient whole-body absorbed dose estimates may be made using the data. METHODS During the historical interval 2006 - 2010, a total of 165 consecutive thyroid cancer patients were assayed at the time of activity administration and over the following several days. Using a calibrated radiation detector, exposure rates at one meter from the navel were measured between 2 and 5 times before release. By using these measurements and assuming a single-exponential clearance, we were able to evaluate initial exposure rates as well as the biological rate constant [k(biol)] for clearance of I-131 from the body. RESULTS Regression analyses were used to fit the initial exposure [X(0)] results as a function of administered activity. By least-squares, the slope was determined to be 0.15 mR/h/mCi over a clinically determined activity range of 25 to 250 mCi. At a given activity, there was wide variation of X(0) due to individual factors such as amount of residual thyroid mass and body habitus. For example, at 150 mCi, X(0) varied from 15 to 35 mR/h at one meter with the average being 25 mR/h. For the 165 patients, the mean biological clearance constant was 0.049/h. CONCLUSION Average initial exposure rates at one meter from 165 NaI-131 patients have been determined. The biological clearance was seen to be much more rapid than the physical decay constant for I-131 (0.0036/h). At a given activity level, variation of exposure rates was approximately +/- 40% over the corresponding patient population.
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Pickering C, Robbins DJ, Young IM, Glasper JL, Johnson M, Jones R. In-Situ Ellipsometry and Light Scattering Studies of Substrate Cleaning and Initial Layer Deposition in Low Temperature CVD of Crystalline Si. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1557/proc-94-173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACTThe first in-situ observations of initial stages of growth during Si vapour-phase homoepitaxy are reported, using the simultaneous measurement of dual-wavelength ellipsometry (364/488nm) and diffuse light scattering (488nm). Effective medium modelling shows that initial growth is nonuniform with pits present in the first 50–200Å of growth which rapidly fill in as growth proceeds. The sizes of the ellipsometric and scattering discontinuities are dependent on the extent of pre-growth roughening associated with oxide removal and finite wavelength effects become important for growth on roughened substrates.
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Burton C, Burge P, Robertson A, Robertson W, Pickering C, Hendrick D, Barber C. P2 Outbreak case definitions for extrinsic allergic alveolitis due to metalworking fluids. Thorax 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/thx.2010.150961.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Hoyle J, Ballance K, Francis H, Pickering C, Niven R. P7 Occupational eosinophilic constrictive bronchiolitis with asthma in a foam cutter caused by Soya bean products. Thorax 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/thx.2010.150961.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Alsiö J, Pickering C, Roman E, Lindblom J, Schiöth H. Anxiolytic response after palatable diet consumption but not food restriction in rats. Appetite 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2009.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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King J, Thatcher N, Pickering C, Hasleton P. Sensitivity and specificity of immunohistochemical antibodies used to distinguish between benign and malignant pleural disease: a systematic review of published reports. Histopathology 2007; 49:561-8. [PMID: 17163840 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2559.2006.02442.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS A systematic review of published reports that have evaluated the ability of immunohistochemistry and argyrophil nucleolar organizing region (AgNOR) staining to distinguish between benign and malignant pleural disease. METHODS Nineteen relevant papers published during the period 1979-2005 were identified. Individual results of immunohistochemistry for five diagnostic antibodies were extracted to calculate diagnostic sensitivity and specificity. results from five of these studies that had evaluated proliferation markers or AgNOR staining techniques were also summarized. RESULTS Most antibodies demonstrated poor to moderate diagnostic ability. Desmin and epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) were the most useful, with sensitivity and specificity both above 74%. The combination of EMA and AgNOR was reported as having 95% diagnostic sensitivity. A high MCM2 labelling index also differentiated between benign and malignant pleural disease. CONCLUSIONS Immunohistochemistry is of limited value, but newer diagnostic methods may be useful additions in this area of pathology. The diagnostic importance of histological features seen on plain tissue sections is emphasized as vital for correctly differentiating between benign pleural disease and malignant pleural mesothelioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- J King
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK.
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Moreira T, Cebers G, Pickering C, Ostenson CG, Efendic S, Liljequist S. Diabetic Goto-Kakizaki rats display pronounced hyperglycemia and longer-lasting cognitive impairments following ischemia induced by cortical compression. Neuroscience 2006; 144:1169-85. [PMID: 17175109 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2006.10.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2006] [Revised: 09/07/2006] [Accepted: 10/27/2006] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Hyperglycemia has been shown to worsen the outcome of brain ischemia in several animal models but few experimental studies have investigated impairments in cognition induced by ischemic brain lesions in hyperglycemic animals. The Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rat naturally develops type 2 diabetes characterized by mild hyperglycemia and insulin resistance. We hypothesized that GK rats would display more severe cerebral damage due to hyperglycemia-aggravated brain injury and, accordingly, more severe cognitive impairments. In this study, recovery of motor and cognitive functions of GK and healthy Wistar rats was examined following extradural compression (EC) of the sensorimotor cortex. For this purpose, tests of vestibulomotor function (beam-walking) and combined tests of motor function and learning (locomotor activity from day (D) 1 to D5, operant lever-pressing from D14 to D25) were used. EC consistently reduced cerebral blood flow in both strains. Anesthesia-challenge and EC resulted in pronounced hyperglycemia in GK but not in Wistar rats. Lower beam-walking scores, increased locomotor activity, impairments in long-term habituation and learning of operant lever-pressing were more pronounced and observed at later time-points in GK rats. Fluoro-Jade, a marker of irreversible neuronal degeneration, revealed consistent degeneration in the ipsilateral cortex, hippocampus and thalamus at 2, 7 and 14 days post-compression. The amount of degeneration in these structures was considerably higher in GK rats. Thus, GK rats exhibited marked hyperglycemia during EC, as well as longer-lasting behavioral deficits and increased neurodegeneration during recovery. The GK rat is thus an attractive model for neuropathologic and cognitive studies after ischemic brain injury in hyperglycemic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Moreira
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Drug Dependence Research Building L4a:00, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden.
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Moffett JK, Jackson DA, Gardiner ED, Torgerson DJ, Coulton S, Eaton S, Mooney MP, Pickering C, Green AJ, Walker LG, May S, Young S. Randomized trial of two physiotherapy interventions for primary care neck and back pain patients: 'McKenzie' vs brief physiotherapy pain management. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2006; 45:1514-21. [PMID: 17062645 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kel339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Interventions that take psychosocial factors into account are recommended for patients with persistent back or neck pain. We compared the effectiveness of a brief physiotherapy pain management approach using cognitive-behavioural principles (Solution-Finding Approach-SFA) with a commonly used method of physical therapy (McKenzie Approach-McK). METHODS Eligible patients referred by GPs to physiotherapy departments with neck or back pain lasting at least 2 weeks were randomized to McK (n= 161) or to SFA (n= 154). They were further randomized to receive an educational booklet or not. The primary outcome was the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK) (Activity-Avoidance scale used as a proxy for coping) at 6 weeks, and 6 and 12 months. RESULTS Of 649 patients assessed for eligibility, 315 were recruited (219 with back pain, 96 with neck pain). There were no statistically significant differences in outcomes between the groups, except that at any time point SFA patients supported by a booklet reported less reliance on health professionals (Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Powerful Others Scale), while at 6 months McK patients showed slightly more improvement on activity-avoidance (TSK). At 6 weeks, patient satisfaction was greater for McK (median 90% compared with 70% for SFA). Both interventions resulted in modest but clinically important improvements over time on the Roland Disability Questionnaire Scores and Northwick Park Neck Pain Scores. CONCLUSIONS The McK approach resulted in higher patient satisfaction overall but the SFA could be more cost-effective, as fewer (three vs four) sessions were needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Klaber Moffett
- Deputy Director, Institute of Rehabilitation, 215, Anlaby Road, University of Hull, Hull, UK.
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Pickering C, Nylander I, Liljequist S. O7 ETHANOL SELF-ADMINISTRATION IN RATS FOLLOWING DELAYED ACCESS IN A CONTEXT ASSOCIATED WITH ETHANOL: MOTIVATIONAL ASPECTS AND ASSOCIATION WITH RESPONSE TO MILD STRESS. Behav Pharmacol 2005. [DOI: 10.1097/00008877-200509001-00064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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26
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King J, Sinnott P, Swindell R, Pickering C, Thatcher N, Hasleton P. P-404 Does transforming growth factor-beta1 codon 25 polymorphismgenotype influence tumour histology or patient survival in malignant pleural mesothelioma? Lung Cancer 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(05)80897-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Nammuni K, Pickering C, Modgil S, Montgomery A, Hammond P, Wyatt J, Altman D, Dunlop R, Potts H. Design-a-trial: a rule-based decision support system for clinical trial design. Knowl Based Syst 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.knosys.2004.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Francis H, Fletcher G, Anthony C, Pickering C, Oldham L, Hadley E, Custovic A, Niven R. Clinical effects of air filters in homes of asthmatic adults sensitized and exposed to pet allergens. Clin Exp Allergy 2003; 33:101-5. [PMID: 12534557 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2222.2003.01570.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite medical advice, many pet-allergic asthma sufferers refuse to remove the pet to which they are sensitized from their home. OBJECTIVE We aimed to assess the clinical effects of air cleaners in the homes of adult asthma patients sensitized and exposed to cats and/or dogs. METHODS We performed a randomized, parallel-group study of 30 asthmatic adults sensitized to and sharing a home with cats or dogs. The effects of placing air cleaners in the living room and bedroom for 12 months and using high efficiency particulate air filter vacuum cleaners (active group) were compared with using these vacuum cleaners alone (control group). Measures of airway responsiveness, treatment requirement, lung function, peak flow, reservoir and airborne allergen were recorded before, during and after the interventions. A beneficial clinical response was assessed in terms of a 'combined asthma outcome'. This was defined as a two or more doubling dose improvement in bronchial hyper-reactivity to histamine and/or a reduction in treatment requirement of at least one step change on the British Thoracic Society guidelines for asthma treatment. RESULTS A beneficial clinical response was observed in 10/15 subjects in the active group compared with 3/15 in the control group after 12 months intervention (P = 0.01). No significant differences between the active and control groups were detected for changes in measures of lung function, reservoir pet allergen and airborne pet allergen during the study. CONCLUSION Whilst the study design has not allowed complete exclusion of a placebo effect, we believe that this pragmatic study of adult asthmatic patients sensitized and exposed to pets resulted in a small, but significant improvement in combined asthma outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Francis
- North West Lung Research Centre, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester, UK.
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29
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Pickering C. Optical characterization techniques for process monitoring. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.1128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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31
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Pickering C. Infrared reflectivity measurements on bulk and epitaxial GaSb. (Carrier concentration and mobility measurements). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1088/0022-3719/13/15/018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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34
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Pickering C, Beale MIJ, Robbins DJ, Pearson PJ, Greef R. Optical studies of the structure of porous silicon films formed in p-type degenerate and non-degenerate silicon. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1088/0022-3719/17/35/020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 280] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Canham LT, Cullis AG, Pickering C, Dosser OD, Cox TI, Lynch TP. Luminescent anodized silicon aerocrystal networks prepared by supercritical drying. Nature 1994. [DOI: 10.1038/368133a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Mani KS, Sidharta P, Pickering C. Educational aspects in the education of health workers, patients, and the public. Viewpoints from south India, Indonesia and Kenya. Trop Geogr Med 1994; 46:S34-S36. [PMID: 7974770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K S Mani
- Kenya Association for the Welfare of Epileptics, Gertrude's Children's Hospital, Nairobi
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Pickering C. A conflict of morals? Health Manpow Manage 1990; 16:11. [PMID: 10108402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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Robbins DJ, Pidduck AJ, Pickering C, Young IM, Glasper JL. In-Situ Study Of Silicon Vapour Phase Epitaxy Using Laser Light Scattering. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1989. [DOI: 10.1117/12.949324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. J. Robbins
- Royal Signals and Radar Establishment (United Kingdom)
| | - A. J. Pidduck
- Royal Signals and Radar Establishment (United Kingdom)
| | - C. Pickering
- Royal Signals and Radar Establishment (United Kingdom)
| | - I. M. Young
- Royal Signals and Radar Establishment (United Kingdom)
| | - J. L. Glasper
- Royal Signals and Radar Establishment (United Kingdom)
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Greaves M, Pickering C, Martin J, Cartwright I, Preston FE. A new familial 'giant platelet syndrome' with structural, metabolic and functional abnormalities of platelets due to a primary megakaryocyte defect. Br J Haematol 1987; 65:429-35. [PMID: 3580299 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.1987.tb04145.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
We have investigated platelet morphology, function and biochemistry in a family affected by dominantly inherited congenital thrombocytopenia with giant platelets. A defect of aggregation was defined with evidence of disturbed fatty acid distribution in platelet membrane phospholipids and impaired arachidonic acid mobilization. Release of 5-hydroxytryptamine was normal. Platelet ultrastructure was grossly abnormal and volume analysis revealed small as well as giant forms. Bone marrow megakaryocytes were morphologically abnormal and the distribution of mean nuclear ploidy atypical, suggesting the production of abnormal platelets due to a primary megakaryocyte disorder. The features of this condition are distinct from those previously described in familial thrombocytopenia and constitute a new "giant platelet syndrome". The qualitative and quantitative platelet defects may be secondary to a disturbance of megakaryocyte cytoplasmic fragmentation.
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Greaves M, Pickering C, Knight G, Boulton AJ, Ball J, Ward JD, Preston FE. Changes in the factor VIII complex in diabetic ketoacidosis: evidence of endothelial cell damage? Diabetologia 1987; 30:160-5. [PMID: 3108060 DOI: 10.1007/bf00274221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Factor VIII-related antigen and von Willebrand factor are synthesised by and released from vascular endothelium. Acute increases in the plasma concentration of these proteins may reflect endothelial cell damage. We have thus measured the plasma concentration of factor VIII-related antigen and von Willebrand factor, together with procoagulant factor VIII, during the course of acute diabetic ketoacidosis in seven patients. In addition, evidence for qualitative changes in the factor VIII complex was sought. Plasma factor VIII-related antigen and von Willebrand factor were markedly increased (plasma factor VIII-related antigen at presentation, median 2.75 U/ml; von Willebrand factor 2.95 U/ml) and returned toward normal with clinical and biochemical resolution (plasma factor VIII-related antigen at clinical recovery, median 1.80 U/ml; von Willebrand factor 2.05 U/ml). Plasma procoagulant factor VIII followed a similar pattern, but levels were less elevated (plasma procoagulant factor VIII, at presentation, median 1.6 U/ml; at clinical recovery, 1.2 U/ml). Crossed immunoelectrophoresis and sodium dodecyl sulphate-acrylamide electrophoresis with autoradiographic identification of multimeric structure revealed no evidence of structurally abnormal factor VIII-related antigen in diabetic ketoacidosis. However, an extra peak on crossed immunoelectrophoresis ("pre-peak") was a feature in the acute phase ketoacidotic plasma in six subjects, and may represent aggregated factor VIII. Changes in plasma factor VIII are a feature of diabetic ketoacidosis and, whilst not specific to this condition, may be the result of endothelial cell damage.
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Trowbridge EA, Reardon DM, Hutchinson D, Pickering C. The routine measurement of platelet volume: a comparison of light-scattering and aperture-impedance technologies. Clin Phys Physiol Meas 1985; 6:221-38. [PMID: 3930129 DOI: 10.1088/0143-0815/6/3/003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The effect of dipotassium ethylenediaminetetra-acetic acid (EDTA) on platelet count and mean volume (MPV) was evaluated using two routine measurement systems, a Coulter S Plus (Phase 1) (S+) and a Technicon H6000 (H6000). In normal subjects (n = 29) MPV increased by 17% during 39 h storage in EDTA when measured by the S+. In contrast MPV decreased by 22% when measured by the H6000. MPV differences of up to 40% were observed between the two systems. Concomitant platelet counts, in both systems, changed by less than 4%. A mathematical model of the variation of MPV with storage time was constructed, enabling experimental results to be extrapolated, with accuracy, to time zero (MPV0). The H6000 average MPV0 was significantly larger than the S+ average MPV0. Using the anticoagulant sodium citrate and prostaglandin E1 (NaCitrate-PGE1) there were no significant changes in MPV measured by the S+ during 7 h storage, although a linear decrease in platelet count was observed. A decrease in H6000 MPV was observed whether the blood was stored in EDTA or NaCitrate-PGE1. Methodology, anti-coagulation and storage time all influence MPV. Until these determinants are standardised the clinical value of MPV cannot be assessed.
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Abstract
In a study of platelets from 13 patients with acute myeloid leukaemia abnormal aggregation and release reactions were found. A previously unrecognised quantitative defect of thromboxane B2 production may, at least in part, explain these findings. In contrast to a previous report, we were unable to show a convincing storage pool defect in these platelets. The platelet membrane glycoproteins were largely normal.
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Greaves M, Pickering C, Porter NR, Magee JM, Preston FE. Acquired Glanzmann's thrombasthenia. Blood 1983; 61:209. [PMID: 6848146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
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Garner RC, Pickering C, Martin CN. Mutagenicity of methyl-, ethyl-, propyl- and butylnitrosourea towards Escherichia coli WP2 strains with varying DNA repair capabilities. Chem Biol Interact 1979; 26:197-205. [PMID: 378447 DOI: 10.1016/0009-2797(79)90023-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Methyl- (MNUA), ethyl- (ENUA), propyl- (PNUA) and butylnitrosourea (BNUA) have been tested for toxicity and mutation in a liquid suspension assay towards Escherichia coli WP2 and some of its repair deficient derivatives. A comparison of survival rates after nitrosourea exposure between WP2 and WP2 uvrA showed no difference between the two strains but a consistent difference in potency between the various nitrosoureas studied. Toxicity increased in the order MNUA less than PNUA less than ENUA less than BNUA. ENUA and PNUA induced a greater number of trp+ revertants in both strains than did MNUA and BNUA, particularly at low survival rates. None of these differences in biological potency could be accounted for by differences in rates of hydrolysis. ENUA, PNUA and BNUA were non-mutagenic towards WP2 lexA, WP2 recA and WP2 uvrA lexA, whereas MNUA did induce mutations. Ethyl methanesulphonate (EMS) was able to mutate WP2 lexA. These results are discussed in the light of current theories regarding the mechanism of action of these compounds.
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