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Lani-Louzada R, Abreu CA, Araújo VG, Dias MS, Petrs-Silva H, Linden R. Full-Circle Cauterization of Limbal Vascular Plexus for Surgically Induced Glaucoma in Rodents. J Vis Exp 2022. [DOI: 10.3791/63442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
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Lani-Louzada R, Marra C, Dias MS, de Araújo VG, Abreu CA, Ribas VT, Adesse D, Allodi S, Chiodo V, Hauswirth W, Petrs-Silva H, Linden R. Neuroprotective Gene Therapy by Overexpression of the Transcription Factor MAX in Rat Models of Glaucomatous Neurodegeneration. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2022; 63:5. [PMID: 35103748 PMCID: PMC8819487 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.63.2.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Based on our preview evidence that reduced nuclear content of the transcription factor Myc-associated protein X (MAX) is an early event associated with degeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), in the present study, our purpose was to test whether the overexpression of human MAX had a neuroprotective effect against RGC injury. Methods Overexpression of either MAX or green fluorescent protein (GFP) in the retina was achieved by intravitreal injections of recombinant adenovirus-associated viruses (rAAVs). Lister Hooded rats were used in three models of RGC degeneration: (1) cultures of retinal explants for 30 hours ex vivo from the eyes of 14-day-old rats that had received intravitreal injections of rAAV2-MAX or the control vector rAAV2-GFP at birth; (2) an optic nerve crush model, in which 1-month-old rats received intravitreal injection of either rAAV2-MAX or rAAV2-GFP and, 4 weeks later, were operated on; and (3) an ocular hypertension (OHT) glaucoma model, in which 1-month-old rats received intravitreal injection of either rAAV2-MAX or rAAV2-GFP and, 4 weeks later, were subject to cauterization of the limbal plexus. Cell death was estimated by detection of pyknotic nuclei and TUNEL technique and correlated with MAX immunocontent in an ex vivo model of retinal explants. MAX expression was detected by quantitative RT-PCR. In the OHT model, survival of RGCs was quantified by retrograde labeling with DiI or immunostaining for BRN3a at 14 days after in vivo injury. Functional integrity of RGCs was analyzed through pattern electroretinography, and damage to the optic nerve was examined in semithin sections. Results In all three models of RGC insult, gene therapy by overexpression of MAX prevented RGC death. Also, ON degeneration and electrophysiologic deficits were prevented in the OHT model. Conclusions Our experiments offer proof of concept for a novel neuroprotective gene therapy for glaucomatous neurodegeneration based on overexpression of MAX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Lani-Louzada
- Laboratory of Neurogenesis, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Camila Marra
- Laboratory of Neurogenesis, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mariana Santana Dias
- Laboratory of Neurogenesis, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Victor Guedes de Araújo
- Laboratory of Neurogenesis, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carla Andreia Abreu
- Laboratory of Neurogenesis, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Vinícius Toledo Ribas
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Daniel Adesse
- Laboratory of Structural Biology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Silvana Allodi
- Laboratory of Comparative and Developmental Neurobiology, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Vince Chiodo
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States
| | - William Hauswirth
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States
| | - Hilda Petrs-Silva
- Laboratory of Neurogenesis, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rafael Linden
- Laboratory of Neurogenesis, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Abreu CA, Teixeira-Pinheiro LC, Lani-Louzada R, da Silva-Junior AJ, Vasques JF, Gubert F, Nascimento-Dos-Santos G, Mohana-Borges R, Matos EDS, Pimentel-Coelho PM, Santiago MF, Mendez-Otero R. GD3 synthase deletion alters retinal structure and impairs visual function in mice. J Neurochem 2021; 158:694-709. [PMID: 34081777 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Gangliosides are glycosphingolipids abundantly expressed in the vertebrate nervous system, and are classified into a-, b-, or c-series according to the number of sialic acid residues. The enzyme GD3 synthase converts GM3 (an a-series ganglioside) into GD3, a b-series ganglioside highly expressed in the developing and adult retina. The present study evaluated the visual system of GD3 synthase knockout mice (GD3s-/- ), morphologically and functionally. The absence of b- series gangliosides in the retinas of knockout animals was confirmed by mass spectrometry imaging, which also indicated an accumulation of a-series gangliosides, such as GM3. Retinal ganglion cell (RGC) density was significantly reduced in GD3s-/- mice, with a similar reduction in the number of axons in the optic nerve. Knockout animals also showed a 15% reduction in the number of photoreceptor nuclei, but no difference in the bipolar cells. The area occupied by GFAP-positive glial cells was smaller in GD3s-/- retinas, but the number of microglial cells/macrophages did not change. In addition to the morphological alterations, a 30% reduction in light responsiveness was detected through quantification of pS6-expressing RGC, an indicator of neural activity. Furthermore, electroretinography (ERG) indicated a significant reduction in RGC and photoreceptor electrical activity in GD3s-/- mice, as indicated by scotopic ERG and pattern ERG (PERG) amplitudes. Finally, evaluation of the optomotor response demonstrated that GD3s-/- mice have reduced visual acuity and contrast sensitivity. These results suggest that b-series gangliosides play a critical role in regulating the structure and function of the mouse visual system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Andreia Abreu
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Medicina Regenerativa, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Leandro Coelho Teixeira-Pinheiro
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Medicina Regenerativa, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Rafael Lani-Louzada
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Almir Jordão da Silva-Junior
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Medicina Regenerativa, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Juliana F Vasques
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Medicina Regenerativa, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Gubert
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Medicina Regenerativa, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Ronaldo Mohana-Borges
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Eduardo de Souza Matos
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Pedro Moreno Pimentel-Coelho
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Medicina Regenerativa, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Felippe Santiago
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Medicina Regenerativa, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Rosalia Mendez-Otero
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Medicina Regenerativa, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Bodart-Santos V, de Carvalho LRP, de Godoy MA, Batista AF, Saraiva LM, Lima LG, Abreu CA, De Felice FG, Galina A, Mendez-Otero R, Ferreira ST. Extracellular vesicles derived from human Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells protect hippocampal neurons from oxidative stress and synapse damage induced by amyloid-β oligomers. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:332. [PMID: 31747944 PMCID: PMC6864996 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1432-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been explored as promising tools for treatment of several neurological and neurodegenerative diseases. MSCs release abundant extracellular vesicles (EVs) containing a variety of biomolecules, including mRNAs, miRNAs, and proteins. We hypothesized that EVs derived from human Wharton’s jelly would act as mediators of the communication between hMSCs and neurons and could protect hippocampal neurons from damage induced by Alzheimer’s disease-linked amyloid beta oligomers (AβOs). Methods We isolated and characterized EVs released by human Wharton’s jelly mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC-EVs). The neuroprotective action of hMSC-EVs was investigated in primary hippocampal cultures exposed to AβOs. Results hMSC-EVs were internalized by hippocampal cells in culture, and this was enhanced in the presence of AβOs in the medium. hMSC-EVs protected hippocampal neurons from oxidative stress and synapse damage induced by AβOs. Neuroprotection by hMSC-EVs was mediated by catalase and was abolished in the presence of the catalase inhibitor, aminotriazole. Conclusions hMSC-EVs protected hippocampal neurons from damage induced by AβOs, and this was related to the transfer of enzymatically active catalase contained in EVs. Results suggest that hMSC-EVs should be further explored as a cell-free therapeutic approach to prevent neuronal damage in Alzheimer’s disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Bodart-Santos
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil.,Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Luiza R P de Carvalho
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Mariana A de Godoy
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil.,Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - André F Batista
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Leonardo M Saraiva
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Luize G Lima
- National Cancer Institute, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20230-240, Brazil
| | - Carla Andreia Abreu
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Fernanda G De Felice
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil.,Centre for Neuroscience Studies and Department of Psychiatry, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Antonio Galina
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Rosalia Mendez-Otero
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil. .,National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-590, Brazil.
| | - Sergio T Ferreira
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil. .,Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil.
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Lani R, Dias MS, Abreu CA, Araújo VG, Gonçalo T, Nascimento-Dos-Santos G, Dantas AM, Allodi S, Fiorani M, Petrs-Silva H, Linden R. A subacute model of glaucoma based on limbal plexus cautery in pigmented rats. Sci Rep 2019; 9:16286. [PMID: 31705136 PMCID: PMC6841973 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52500-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive functional impairment and degeneration of the retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and their axons, and is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. Current management of glaucoma is based on reduction of high intraocular pressure (IOP), one of its most consistent risk factors, but the disease proceeds in almost half of the patients despite such treatments. Several experimental models of glaucoma have been developed in rodents, most of which present shortcomings such as high surgical invasiveness, slow learning curves, damage to the transparency of the optic media which prevents adequate functional assessment, and variable results. Here we describe a novel and simple method to induce ocular hypertension in pigmented rats, based on low-temperature cauterization of the whole circumference of the limbal vascular plexus, a major component of aqueous humor drainage and easily accessible for surgical procedures. This simple, low-cost and efficient method produced a reproducible subacute ocular hypertension with full clinical recovery, followed by a steady loss of retinal ganglion cells and optic axons, accompanied by functional changes detected both by electrophysiological and behavioral methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Lani
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Mariana S Dias
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carla Andreia Abreu
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Victor G Araújo
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Thais Gonçalo
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Silvana Allodi
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mario Fiorani
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Hilda Petrs-Silva
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Rafael Linden
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Abreu CA, De Lima SV, Mendonça HR, Goulart CDO, Martinez AMB. Absence of galectin-3 promotes neuroprotection in retinal ganglion cells after optic nerve injury. Histol Histopathol 2016; 32:253-262. [PMID: 27255346 DOI: 10.14670/hh-11-788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A trauma to the mature central nervous system (CNS) often leads to persistent deficits, due to the inability of axons to regenerate after being injured. Increasing evidence suggests that pro-inflammatory and pro-apoptotic genes can present a major obstacle to promoting neuroprotection of retinal ganglion cells and consequently succeed in axonal regeneration. This study evaluated the effect of the absence of galectin-3 (Gal-3) on retinal ganglion cells (RGC) survival and axonal regeneration/degeneration after optic nerve crush injury. Two weeks after crush there was a 2.6 fold increase in the rate of cell survival in Gal-3-/- mice (1283±79.15) compared to WT animals (495.4±53.96). However, no regeneration was observed in the Gal-3-/- mice two weeks after lesion. Furthermore, axonal degeneration presented a particular pattern on those mice; Electron Microscopy (EM) analysis showed incomplete axon degeneration while the WT mice presented an advanced stage of degeneration. This suggests that the removal of the nerve fibers in the Gal 3-/- mice could be deficient and this would cause a delay in the process of Wallerian degeneration once there is a decrease in the number of macrophages/microglia in the nerve. This study demonstrates how the absence of Gal-3 can affect RGC survival and optic nerve regeneration/degeneration after lesion. Our results suggest that the absence of Gal-3 plays an important role in the survival of RGC and thus can be a potential target for therapeutic intervention in RGC neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Andreia Abreu
- Department of Pathology, Medical College, HUCFF, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Laboratory of Neurodegeneration and Repair, Medical College, HUCFF, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Silmara Veline De Lima
- Laboratory of Neurodegeneration and Repair, Medical College, HUCFF, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Henrique Rocha Mendonça
- Department of Pathology, Medical College, HUCFF, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Laboratory of Neurodegeneration and Repair, Medical College, HUCFF, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Camila de Oliveira Goulart
- Department of Pathology, Medical College, HUCFF, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Laboratory of Neurodegeneration and Repair, Medical College, HUCFF, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Blanco Martinez
- Postgraduate in Anatomical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Medical College, HUCFF, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Laboratory of Neurodegeneration and Repair, Medical College, HUCFF, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Puga AP, Abreu CA, Melo LCA, Paz-Ferreiro J, Beesley L. Cadmium, lead, and zinc mobility and plant uptake in a mine soil amended with sugarcane straw biochar. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2015; 22:17606-14. [PMID: 26146374 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-4977-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation of heavy metals in unconsolidated soils can prove toxic to proximal environments, if measures are not taken to stabilize soils. One way to minimize the toxicity of metals in soils is the use of materials capable of immobilizing these contaminants by sorption. Biochar (BC) can retain large amounts of heavy metals due to, among other characteristics, its large surface area. In the current experiment, sugarcane-straw-derived biochar, produced at 700 °C, was applied to a heavy-metal-contaminated mine soil at 1.5, 3.0, and 5.0% (w/w). Jack bean and Mucuna aterrima were grown in pots containing a mine contaminated soil and soil mixed with BC. Pore water was sampled to assess the effects of biochar on zinc solubility, while soils were analyzed by DTPA extraction to confirm available metal concentrations. The application of BC decreased the available concentrations of Cd, Pb, and Zn in the mine contaminated soil leading to a consistent reduction in the concentration of Zn in the pore water. Amendment with BC reduced plant uptake of Cd, Pb, and Zn with the jack bean uptaking higher amounts of Cd and Pb than M. aterrima. This study indicates that biochar application during mine soil remediation could reduce plant concentrations of heavy metals. Coupled with this, symptoms of heavy metal toxicity were absent only in plants growing in pots amended with biochar. The reduction in metal bioavailability and other modifications to the substrate induced by the application of biochar may be beneficial to the establishment of a green cover on top of mine soil to aid remediation and reduce risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Puga
- Instituto Agronômico de Campinas, Campinas, SP, 13020-902, Brazil.
| | - C A Abreu
- Instituto Agronômico de Campinas, Campinas, SP, 13020-902, Brazil
| | - L C A Melo
- Universidade Federal de Lavras, Campus Universitário, Lavras, MG, 37200-000, Brazil
| | - J Paz-Ferreiro
- School of Civil, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
| | - L Beesley
- The James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen, AB158QH, UK
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Puga AP, Abreu CA, Melo LCA, Beesley L. Biochar application to a contaminated soil reduces the availability and plant uptake of zinc, lead and cadmium. J Environ Manage 2015; 159:86-93. [PMID: 26048395 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Revised: 05/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals in soil are naturally occurring but may be enhanced by anthropogenic activities such as mining. Bio-accumulation of heavy metals in the food chain, following their uptake to plants can increase the ecotoxicological risks associated with remediation of contaminated soils using plants. In the current experiment sugar cane straw-derived biochar (BC), produced at 700 °C, was applied to a heavy metal contaminated mine soil at 1.5%, 3.0% and 5.0% (w/w). Jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis) and Mucuna aterrima were grown in pots containing soil and biochar mixtures, and control pots without biochar. Pore water was sampled from each pot to confirm the effects of biochar on metal solubility, whilst soils were analyzed by DTPA extraction to confirm available metal concentrations. Leaves were sampled for SEM analysis to detect possible morphological and anatomical changes. The application of BC decreased the available concentrations of Cd, Pb and Zn in 56, 50 and 54% respectively, in the mine contaminated soil leading to a consistent reduction in the concentration of Zn in the pore water (1st collect: 99 to 39 μg L(-1), 2nd: 97 to 57 μg L(-1) and 3rd: 71 to 12 μg L(-1)). The application of BC reduced the uptake of Cd, Pb and Zn by plants with the jack bean translocating high proportions of metals (especially Cd) to shoots. Metals were also taken up by Mucuna aterrima but translocation to shoot was more limited than for jack bean. There were no differences in the internal structures of leaves observed by scanning electron microscopy. This study indicates that biochar application during mine soil remediation reduce plant concentrations of potential toxic metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Puga
- Instituto Agronômico de Campinas, Avenida Barão de Itapura 1481, Campinas, SP, 13020-902, Brazil.
| | - C A Abreu
- Instituto Agronômico de Campinas, Avenida Barão de Itapura 1481, Campinas, SP, 13020-902, Brazil.
| | - L C A Melo
- Universidade Federal de Lavras, Campus Universitário, Lavras, MG, 37200-000, Brazil.
| | - L Beesley
- The James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen, AB158QH, UK.
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