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Cumplido-Mayoral I, Brugulat-Serrat A, Sánchez-Benavides G, González-Escalante A, Anastasi F, Milà-Alomà M, López-Martos D, Akinci M, Falcón C, Shekari M, Cacciaglia R, Arenaza-Urquijo EM, Minguillón C, Fauria K, Molinuevo JL, Suárez-Calvet M, Grau-Rivera O, Vilaplana V, Gispert JD. The mediating role of neuroimaging-derived biological brain age in the association between risk factors for dementia and cognitive decline in middle-aged and older individuals without cognitive impairment: a cohort study. Lancet Healthy Longev 2024; 5:e276-e286. [PMID: 38555920 DOI: 10.1016/s2666-7568(24)00025-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroimaging-based brain-age delta has been shown to be a mediator linking cardiovascular risk factors to cognitive function. We aimed to assess the mediating role of brain-age delta in the association between modifiable risk factors of dementia and longitudinal cognitive decline in middle-aged and older individuals who are asymptomatic, stratified by Alzheimer's disease pathology. We also explored whether the mediation effect is specific to cognitive domain. METHODS In this cohort study, we included participants from the ALFA+ cohort aged between 45 years and 65 years who were cognitively unimpaired and who had available structural MRI, cerebrospinal fluid β-amyloid (Aβ)42 and Aβ40 measurements obtained within 1 year of each other, modifiable risk factors assessment, and cognitive evaluation over 3 years. Participants were recruited from the Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (Barcelona, Spain). Included individuals underwent a first assessment between Oct 25, 2016, and Jan 28, 2020, and a follow-up cognitive assessment 3·28 (SD 0·27) years later. We computed brain-age delta and composites of different cognitive function domains (preclinical Alzheimer's cognitive composite [PACC], attention, executive function, episodic memory, visual processing, and language). We used partial least squares path modelling to explore mediation effects in the associations between modifiable risk factors (including cardiovascular, mental health, mood, metabolic or endocrine history, and alcohol use) and changes in cognitive composites. To assess the role of Alzheimer's disease pathology, we computed separate models for Aβ-negative and Aβ-positive individuals. FINDINGS Of the 419 participants enrolled in ALFA+, 302 met our inclusion criteria, of which 108 participants were classified as Aβ-positive and 194 as Aβ-negative. In Aβ-positive individuals, brain-age delta partially mediated (percent mediation proportion 15·73% [95% CI 14·22-16·66]) the association between modifiable risk factors and decline in overall cognition (across cognitive domains). Brain-age delta fully mediated (mediation proportion 28·03% [26·25-29·21]) the effect of modifiable risk factors on the PACC, wherein increased values for risk factors correlated with an older brain-age delta, and, consequently, an older brain-age delta was linked to greater PACC decline. This effect appears to be primarily driven by memory decline. Mediation was not significant in Aβ-negative individuals (3·52% [0·072-4·17]) on PACC, although path coefficients were not significantly different from those in the Aβ-positive group. INTERPRETATION Our findings suggest that brain-age delta captures the association between modifiable risk factors and longitudinal cognitive decline in middle-aged and older people. In asymptomatic middle-aged and older individuals who are Aβ-positive, the pathology might be the strongest driver of cognitive decline, whereas the effect of risk factors is smaller. Our results highlight the potential of brain-age delta as an objective outcome measure for preventive lifestyle interventions targeting cognitive decline. FUNDING La Caixa Foundation, the TriBEKa Imaging Platform, and the Universities and Research Secretariat of the Catalan Government. TRANSLATION For the Spanish translation of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Cumplido-Mayoral
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center, Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain; Biomedicine, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; Neuroimagen de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas y Envejecimiento Saludable, Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Brugulat-Serrat
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center, Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain; Neuroimagen de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas y Envejecimiento Saludable, Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Global Brain Health Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Gonzalo Sánchez-Benavides
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center, Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain; Neuroimagen de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas y Envejecimiento Saludable, Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Armand González-Escalante
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center, Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain; Biomedicine, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; Neuroimagen de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas y Envejecimiento Saludable, Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Federica Anastasi
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center, Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain; Neuroimagen de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas y Envejecimiento Saludable, Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Centre for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Milà-Alomà
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center, Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Northern California Institute for Research and Education, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Radiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - David López-Martos
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center, Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain; Neuroimagen de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas y Envejecimiento Saludable, Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Muge Akinci
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center, Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain; Biomedicine, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; Neuroimagen de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas y Envejecimiento Saludable, Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Barcelona Institute of Global Health, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carles Falcón
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center, Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mahnaz Shekari
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center, Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain; Biomedicine, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; Neuroimagen de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas y Envejecimiento Saludable, Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raffaele Cacciaglia
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center, Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain; Neuroimagen de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas y Envejecimiento Saludable, Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Carolina Minguillón
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center, Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain; Neuroimagen de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas y Envejecimiento Saludable, Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Karine Fauria
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center, Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain; Neuroimagen de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas y Envejecimiento Saludable, Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Luis Molinuevo
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center, Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain; H Lundbeck, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marc Suárez-Calvet
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center, Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain; Neuroimagen de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas y Envejecimiento Saludable, Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Servei de Neurologia, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oriol Grau-Rivera
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center, Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain; Neuroimagen de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas y Envejecimiento Saludable, Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Servei de Neurologia, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Verónica Vilaplana
- Department of Signal Theory and Communications, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Domingo Gispert
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center, Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain; Neuroimagen de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas y Envejecimiento Saludable, Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain.
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Cacciaglia R, Operto G, Falcón C, de Echavarri-Gómez JMG, Sánchez-Benavides G, Brugulat-Serrat A, Milà-Alomà M, Blennow K, Zetterberg H, Molinuevo JL, Suárez-Calvet M, Gispert JD. Genotypic effects of APOE-ε4 on resting-state connectivity in cognitively intact individuals support functional brain compensation. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:2748-2760. [PMID: 35753703 PMCID: PMC10016049 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhac239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The investigation of resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) in asymptomatic individuals at genetic risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD) enables discovering the earliest brain alterations in preclinical stages of the disease. The APOE-ε4 variant is the major genetic risk factor for AD, and previous studies have reported rsFC abnormalities in carriers of the ε4 allele. Yet, no study has assessed APOE-ε4 gene-dose effects on rsFC measures, and only a few studies included measures of cognitive performance to aid a clinical interpretation. We assessed the impact of APOE-ε4 on rsFC in a sample of 429 cognitively unimpaired individuals hosting a high number of ε4 homozygotes (n = 58), which enabled testing different models of genetic penetrance. We used independent component analysis and found a reduced rsFC as a function of the APOE-ε4 allelic load in the temporal default-mode and the medial temporal networks, while recessive effects were found in the extrastriate and limbic networks. Some of these results were replicated in a subsample with negative amyloid markers. Interaction with cognitive data suggests that such a network reorganization may support cognitive performance in the ε4-homozygotes. Our data indicate that APOE-ε4 shapes the functional architecture of the resting brain and favor the idea of a network-based functional compensation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Cacciaglia
- Corresponding author: Raffaele Cacciaglia and Juan Domingo Gispert López, Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center, Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Wellington 30, 08005 Barcelona, Spain. ;
| | - Grégory Operto
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Wellington 30, 08005 Barcelona, Spain
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), 08005 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), 28089 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carles Falcón
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Wellington 30, 08005 Barcelona, Spain
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), 08005 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBERBBN), 28089 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Maria González de Echavarri-Gómez
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Wellington 30, 08005 Barcelona, Spain
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), 08005 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), 28089 Madrid, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Sánchez-Benavides
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Wellington 30, 08005 Barcelona, Spain
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), 08005 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), 28089 Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna Brugulat-Serrat
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Wellington 30, 08005 Barcelona, Spain
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), 08005 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), 28089 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Milà-Alomà
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Wellington 30, 08005 Barcelona, Spain
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), 08005 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), 28089 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08002 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, 41390 Mölndal, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 41390 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, 41390 Mölndal, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 41390 Mölndal, Sweden
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, WC1E 6BT London, United Kingdom
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, WC1N 3BG London, United Kingdom
- Honk Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Marc Suárez-Calvet
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Wellington 30, 08005 Barcelona, Spain
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), 08005 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), 28089 Madrid, Spain
- Servei de Neurologia, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Domingo Gispert
- Corresponding author: Raffaele Cacciaglia and Juan Domingo Gispert López, Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center, Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Wellington 30, 08005 Barcelona, Spain. ;
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Falcón C, Gascon M, Molinuevo JL, Operto G, Cirach M, Gotsens X, Fauria K, Arenaza‐Urquijo EM, Pujol J, Sunyer J, Nieuwenhuijsen MJ, Gispert JD, Crous‐Bou M. Brain correlates of urban environmental exposures in cognitively unimpaired individuals at increased risk for Alzheimer's disease: A study on Barcelona's population. Alzheimers Dement (Amst) 2021; 13:e12205. [PMID: 34258378 PMCID: PMC8256622 DOI: 10.1002/dad2.12205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Urban environmental exposures might contribute to the incidence of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Our aim was to identify structural brain imaging correlates of urban environmental exposures in cognitively unimpaired individuals at increased risk of AD. METHODS Two hundred twelve participants with brain scans and residing in Barcelona, Spain, were included. Land use regression models were used to estimate residential exposure to air pollutants. The daily average noise level was obtained from noise maps. Residential green exposure indicators were also generated. A cerebral 3D-T1 was acquired to obtain information on brain morphology. Voxel-based morphometry statistical analyses were conducted to determine the areas of the brain in which regional gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) volumes were associated with environmental exposures. RESULTS Exposure to nitrogen dioxide was associated with lower GM volume in the precuneus and greater WM volume in the splenium of the corpus callosum and inferior longitudinal fasciculus. In contrast, exposure to fine particulate matter was associated with greater GM in cerebellum and WM in the splenium of corpus callosum, the superior longitudinal fasciculus, and cingulum cingulate gyrus. Noise was positively associated with WM volume in the body of the corpus callosum. Exposure to greenness was associated with greater GM volume in the middle frontal, precentral, and the temporal pole. DISCUSSION In cognitively unimpaired adults with increased risk of AD, exposure to air pollution, noise, and green areas are associated with GM and WM volumes of specific brain areas known to be affected in AD, thus potentially conferring a higher vulnerability to the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carles Falcón
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC)Pasqual Maragall FoundationBarcelonaSpain
- CIBER Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBERBBN)MadridSpain
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Mireia Gascon
- ISGlobalBarcelonaSpain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF)BarcelonaSpain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)MadridSpain
| | - José Luis Molinuevo
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC)Pasqual Maragall FoundationBarcelonaSpain
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute)BarcelonaSpain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF)BarcelonaSpain
- CIBER Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES)MadridSpain
| | - Grégory Operto
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC)Pasqual Maragall FoundationBarcelonaSpain
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute)BarcelonaSpain
- CIBER Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES)MadridSpain
| | - Marta Cirach
- ISGlobalBarcelonaSpain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF)BarcelonaSpain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)MadridSpain
| | - Xavier Gotsens
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC)Pasqual Maragall FoundationBarcelonaSpain
| | - Karine Fauria
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC)Pasqual Maragall FoundationBarcelonaSpain
- CIBER Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES)MadridSpain
| | - Eider M. Arenaza‐Urquijo
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC)Pasqual Maragall FoundationBarcelonaSpain
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute)BarcelonaSpain
- CIBER Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES)MadridSpain
| | - Jesús Pujol
- MRI Research Unit, Department of RadiologyHospital del MarBarcelonaSpain
- CIBER Salud Mental (CIBERSAM G21)MadridSpain
| | - Jordi Sunyer
- ISGlobalBarcelonaSpain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF)BarcelonaSpain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)MadridSpain
| | - Mark J. Nieuwenhuijsen
- ISGlobalBarcelonaSpain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF)BarcelonaSpain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)MadridSpain
| | - Juan Domingo Gispert
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC)Pasqual Maragall FoundationBarcelonaSpain
- CIBER Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBERBBN)MadridSpain
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute)BarcelonaSpain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Marta Crous‐Bou
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC)Pasqual Maragall FoundationBarcelonaSpain
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research ProgramCatalan Institute of Oncology (ICO)–Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de LlobregatBarcelonaSpain
- Department of EpidemiologyHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonMassachusettsUSA
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Sala-Vila A, Arenaza-Urquijo EM, Sánchez-Benavides G, Suárez-Calvet M, Milà-Alomà M, Grau-Rivera O, González-de-Echávarri JM, Crous-Bou M, Minguillón C, Fauria K, Operto G, Falcón C, Salvadó G, Cacciaglia R, Ingala S, Barkhof F, Schröder H, Scarmeas N, Gispert JD, Molinuevo JL. DHA intake relates to better cerebrovascular and neurodegeneration neuroimaging phenotypes in middle-aged adults at increased genetic risk of Alzheimer disease. Am J Clin Nutr 2021; 113:1627-1635. [PMID: 33733657 PMCID: PMC8168359 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The number of APOE-ε4 alleles is a major nonmodifiable risk factor for sporadic Alzheimer disease (AD). There is increasing evidence on the benefits of dietary DHA (22:6n-3) before the onset of AD symptoms, particularly in APOE-ε4 carriers. Brain alterations in the preclinical stage can be detected by structural MRI. OBJECTIVES We aimed, in middle-aged cognitively unimpaired individuals at increased risk of AD, to cross-sectionally investigate whether dietary DHA intake relates to cognitive performance and to MRI-based markers of cerebral small vessel disease and AD-related neurodegeneration, exploring the effect modification by APOE-ε4 status. METHODS In 340 participants of the ALFA (ALzheimer and FAmilies) study, which is enriched for APOE-ε4 carriership (n = 122, noncarriers; n = 157, 1 allele; n = 61, 2 alleles), we assessed self-reported DHA intake through an FFQ. We measured cognitive performance by administering episodic memory and executive function tests. We performed high-resolution structural MRI to assess cerebral small vessel disease [white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) and cerebral microbleeds (CMBs)] and AD-related brain atrophy (cortical thickness in an AD signature). We constructed regression models adjusted for potential confounders, exploring the interaction DHA × APOE-ε4. RESULTS We observed no significant associations between DHA and cognitive performance or WMH burden. We observed a nonsignificant inverse association between DHA and prevalence of lobar CMBs (OR: 0.446; 95% CI: 0.195, 1.018; P = 0.055). DHA was found to be significantly related to greater cortical thickness in the AD signature in homozygotes but not in nonhomozygotes (P-interaction = 0.045). The association strengthened when analyzing homozygotes and nonhomozygotes matched for risk factors. CONCLUSIONS In cognitively unimpaired APOE-ε4 homozygotes, dietary DHA intake related to structural patterns that may result in greater resilience to AD pathology. This is consistent with the current hypothesis that those subjects at highest risk would obtain the largest benefits from DHA supplementation in the preclinical stage.This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01835717.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eider M Arenaza-Urquijo
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain,Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain,Center for Biomedical Research Network on Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Sánchez-Benavides
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain,Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain,Center for Biomedical Research Network on Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marc Suárez-Calvet
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain,Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain,Center for Biomedical Research Network on Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain,Neurology Service, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Milà-Alomà
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain,Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain,Center for Biomedical Research Network on Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Oriol Grau-Rivera
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain,Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain,Neurology Service, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José M González-de-Echávarri
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain,Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain,Center for Biomedical Research Network on Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Crous-Bou
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain,Center for Biomedical Research Network on Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA,Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO)–Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carolina Minguillón
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain,Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Karine Fauria
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Grégory Operto
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain,Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain,Center for Biomedical Research Network on Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carles Falcón
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain,Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain,Center for Biomedical Research Network on Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine (CIBERBBN), Madrid, Spain,Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Salvadó
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain,Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain,Center for Biomedical Research Network on Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Raffaele Cacciaglia
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain,Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain,Center for Biomedical Research Network on Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Silvia Ingala
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Frederik Barkhof
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands,Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom,Institute of Healthcare Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Helmut Schröder
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain,Center for Biomedical Research Network on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nikolaos Scarmeas
- 1st Department of Neurology, Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece,Department of Neurology, The Gertrude H Sergievsky Center, Taub Institute for Research in Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Juan-Domingo Gispert
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain,Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain,Center for Biomedical Research Network on Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine (CIBERBBN), Madrid, Spain,Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain
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Arenaza-Urquijo EM, Salvadó G, Operto G, Minguillón C, Sánchez-Benavides G, Crous-Bou M, Grau-Rivera O, Sala-Vila A, Falcón C, Suárez-Calvet M, Zetterberg H, Blennow K, Gispert JD, Molinuevo JL. Association of years to parent's sporadic onset and risk factors with neural integrity and Alzheimer biomarkers. Neurology 2020; 95:e2065-e2074. [PMID: 32737076 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000010527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the hypothesis that proximity to parental age at onset (AAO) in sporadic Alzheimer disease (AD) is associated with greater AD and neural injury biomarker alterations during midlife and to assess the role of nonmodifiable and modifiable factors. METHODS This observational study included 290 cognitively unimpaired (CU) participants with a family history (FH) of clinically diagnosed sporadic AD (age 49-73 years) from the Alzheimer's and Families (ALFA) study. [18F]flutemetamol-PET standardized uptake value ratios, CSF β-amyloid42/40 ratio, and phosphorylated tau were used as AD biomarkers. Hippocampal volumes and CSF total tau were used as neural injury biomarkers. Mental and vascular health proxies were calculated. In multiple regression models, we assessed the effect of proximity to parental AAO and its interaction with age on AD and neural injury biomarkers. Then, we evaluated the effects of FH load (number of parents affected), sex, APOE ε4, education, and vascular and mental health. RESULTS Proximity to parental AAO was associated with β-amyloid, but not with neural injury biomarkers, and interacted with sex and age, showing that women and older participants had increased β-amyloid. FH load and APOE ε4 showed independent contributions to β-amyloid load. Education and vascular and mental health proxies were not associated with AD biomarkers. However, lower mental health proxies were associated with decreased hippocampal volumes with age. CONCLUSION The identification of the earliest biomarker changes and modifiable factors to be targeted in early interventions is crucial for AD prevention. Proximity to parental AAO may offer a timeline for detection of incipient β-amyloid changes in women. In risk-enriched middle-aged cohorts, mental health may be a target for early interventions. CLINICALTRIALSGOV IDENTIFIER NCT02485730. CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE This study provides Class II evidence that in CU adults with FH of sporadic AD, proximity to parental AAO was associated with β-amyloid but not with neural injury biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eider M Arenaza-Urquijo
- From the Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (E.M.A.-U., G.S., G.O., C.M., G.S.-B., M.C.-B., O.G.-R., A.S.-V, C.F., M.S.-C., J.D.G., J.L.M.), Pasqual Maragall Foundation; IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute) (E.M.A.-U., G.S., G.O., C.M., G.S.-B., M.C.-B., O.G.-R., A.S.-V, C.F., M.S.-C., J.D.G., J.L.M.), Barcelona; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (E.M.A.-U., G.S., G.O., C.M., G.S.-B., M.C.-B., O.G.-R., M.S.-C., J.L.M.), Madrid, Spain; Department of Epidemiology (M.C.-B.), Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Servei de Neurologia (O.G.-R., M.S.-C.), Hospital del Mar, Barcelona; Investigación Biomédica en Red Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (C.F., J.D.G.), Madrid, Spain; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (H.Z., K.B.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal; Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry (H.Z., K.B.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden; Department of Neurodegenerative Disease (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square; UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL (H.Z.), London; and Universitat Pompeu Fabra (J.D.G., J.L.M.), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Gemma Salvadó
- From the Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (E.M.A.-U., G.S., G.O., C.M., G.S.-B., M.C.-B., O.G.-R., A.S.-V, C.F., M.S.-C., J.D.G., J.L.M.), Pasqual Maragall Foundation; IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute) (E.M.A.-U., G.S., G.O., C.M., G.S.-B., M.C.-B., O.G.-R., A.S.-V, C.F., M.S.-C., J.D.G., J.L.M.), Barcelona; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (E.M.A.-U., G.S., G.O., C.M., G.S.-B., M.C.-B., O.G.-R., M.S.-C., J.L.M.), Madrid, Spain; Department of Epidemiology (M.C.-B.), Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Servei de Neurologia (O.G.-R., M.S.-C.), Hospital del Mar, Barcelona; Investigación Biomédica en Red Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (C.F., J.D.G.), Madrid, Spain; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (H.Z., K.B.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal; Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry (H.Z., K.B.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden; Department of Neurodegenerative Disease (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square; UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL (H.Z.), London; and Universitat Pompeu Fabra (J.D.G., J.L.M.), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gregory Operto
- From the Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (E.M.A.-U., G.S., G.O., C.M., G.S.-B., M.C.-B., O.G.-R., A.S.-V, C.F., M.S.-C., J.D.G., J.L.M.), Pasqual Maragall Foundation; IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute) (E.M.A.-U., G.S., G.O., C.M., G.S.-B., M.C.-B., O.G.-R., A.S.-V, C.F., M.S.-C., J.D.G., J.L.M.), Barcelona; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (E.M.A.-U., G.S., G.O., C.M., G.S.-B., M.C.-B., O.G.-R., M.S.-C., J.L.M.), Madrid, Spain; Department of Epidemiology (M.C.-B.), Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Servei de Neurologia (O.G.-R., M.S.-C.), Hospital del Mar, Barcelona; Investigación Biomédica en Red Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (C.F., J.D.G.), Madrid, Spain; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (H.Z., K.B.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal; Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry (H.Z., K.B.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden; Department of Neurodegenerative Disease (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square; UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL (H.Z.), London; and Universitat Pompeu Fabra (J.D.G., J.L.M.), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carolina Minguillón
- From the Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (E.M.A.-U., G.S., G.O., C.M., G.S.-B., M.C.-B., O.G.-R., A.S.-V, C.F., M.S.-C., J.D.G., J.L.M.), Pasqual Maragall Foundation; IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute) (E.M.A.-U., G.S., G.O., C.M., G.S.-B., M.C.-B., O.G.-R., A.S.-V, C.F., M.S.-C., J.D.G., J.L.M.), Barcelona; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (E.M.A.-U., G.S., G.O., C.M., G.S.-B., M.C.-B., O.G.-R., M.S.-C., J.L.M.), Madrid, Spain; Department of Epidemiology (M.C.-B.), Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Servei de Neurologia (O.G.-R., M.S.-C.), Hospital del Mar, Barcelona; Investigación Biomédica en Red Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (C.F., J.D.G.), Madrid, Spain; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (H.Z., K.B.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal; Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry (H.Z., K.B.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden; Department of Neurodegenerative Disease (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square; UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL (H.Z.), London; and Universitat Pompeu Fabra (J.D.G., J.L.M.), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Sánchez-Benavides
- From the Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (E.M.A.-U., G.S., G.O., C.M., G.S.-B., M.C.-B., O.G.-R., A.S.-V, C.F., M.S.-C., J.D.G., J.L.M.), Pasqual Maragall Foundation; IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute) (E.M.A.-U., G.S., G.O., C.M., G.S.-B., M.C.-B., O.G.-R., A.S.-V, C.F., M.S.-C., J.D.G., J.L.M.), Barcelona; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (E.M.A.-U., G.S., G.O., C.M., G.S.-B., M.C.-B., O.G.-R., M.S.-C., J.L.M.), Madrid, Spain; Department of Epidemiology (M.C.-B.), Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Servei de Neurologia (O.G.-R., M.S.-C.), Hospital del Mar, Barcelona; Investigación Biomédica en Red Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (C.F., J.D.G.), Madrid, Spain; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (H.Z., K.B.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal; Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry (H.Z., K.B.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden; Department of Neurodegenerative Disease (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square; UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL (H.Z.), London; and Universitat Pompeu Fabra (J.D.G., J.L.M.), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Crous-Bou
- From the Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (E.M.A.-U., G.S., G.O., C.M., G.S.-B., M.C.-B., O.G.-R., A.S.-V, C.F., M.S.-C., J.D.G., J.L.M.), Pasqual Maragall Foundation; IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute) (E.M.A.-U., G.S., G.O., C.M., G.S.-B., M.C.-B., O.G.-R., A.S.-V, C.F., M.S.-C., J.D.G., J.L.M.), Barcelona; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (E.M.A.-U., G.S., G.O., C.M., G.S.-B., M.C.-B., O.G.-R., M.S.-C., J.L.M.), Madrid, Spain; Department of Epidemiology (M.C.-B.), Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Servei de Neurologia (O.G.-R., M.S.-C.), Hospital del Mar, Barcelona; Investigación Biomédica en Red Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (C.F., J.D.G.), Madrid, Spain; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (H.Z., K.B.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal; Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry (H.Z., K.B.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden; Department of Neurodegenerative Disease (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square; UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL (H.Z.), London; and Universitat Pompeu Fabra (J.D.G., J.L.M.), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oriol Grau-Rivera
- From the Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (E.M.A.-U., G.S., G.O., C.M., G.S.-B., M.C.-B., O.G.-R., A.S.-V, C.F., M.S.-C., J.D.G., J.L.M.), Pasqual Maragall Foundation; IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute) (E.M.A.-U., G.S., G.O., C.M., G.S.-B., M.C.-B., O.G.-R., A.S.-V, C.F., M.S.-C., J.D.G., J.L.M.), Barcelona; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (E.M.A.-U., G.S., G.O., C.M., G.S.-B., M.C.-B., O.G.-R., M.S.-C., J.L.M.), Madrid, Spain; Department of Epidemiology (M.C.-B.), Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Servei de Neurologia (O.G.-R., M.S.-C.), Hospital del Mar, Barcelona; Investigación Biomédica en Red Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (C.F., J.D.G.), Madrid, Spain; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (H.Z., K.B.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal; Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry (H.Z., K.B.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden; Department of Neurodegenerative Disease (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square; UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL (H.Z.), London; and Universitat Pompeu Fabra (J.D.G., J.L.M.), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aleix Sala-Vila
- From the Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (E.M.A.-U., G.S., G.O., C.M., G.S.-B., M.C.-B., O.G.-R., A.S.-V, C.F., M.S.-C., J.D.G., J.L.M.), Pasqual Maragall Foundation; IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute) (E.M.A.-U., G.S., G.O., C.M., G.S.-B., M.C.-B., O.G.-R., A.S.-V, C.F., M.S.-C., J.D.G., J.L.M.), Barcelona; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (E.M.A.-U., G.S., G.O., C.M., G.S.-B., M.C.-B., O.G.-R., M.S.-C., J.L.M.), Madrid, Spain; Department of Epidemiology (M.C.-B.), Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Servei de Neurologia (O.G.-R., M.S.-C.), Hospital del Mar, Barcelona; Investigación Biomédica en Red Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (C.F., J.D.G.), Madrid, Spain; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (H.Z., K.B.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal; Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry (H.Z., K.B.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden; Department of Neurodegenerative Disease (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square; UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL (H.Z.), London; and Universitat Pompeu Fabra (J.D.G., J.L.M.), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carles Falcón
- From the Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (E.M.A.-U., G.S., G.O., C.M., G.S.-B., M.C.-B., O.G.-R., A.S.-V, C.F., M.S.-C., J.D.G., J.L.M.), Pasqual Maragall Foundation; IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute) (E.M.A.-U., G.S., G.O., C.M., G.S.-B., M.C.-B., O.G.-R., A.S.-V, C.F., M.S.-C., J.D.G., J.L.M.), Barcelona; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (E.M.A.-U., G.S., G.O., C.M., G.S.-B., M.C.-B., O.G.-R., M.S.-C., J.L.M.), Madrid, Spain; Department of Epidemiology (M.C.-B.), Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Servei de Neurologia (O.G.-R., M.S.-C.), Hospital del Mar, Barcelona; Investigación Biomédica en Red Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (C.F., J.D.G.), Madrid, Spain; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (H.Z., K.B.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal; Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry (H.Z., K.B.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden; Department of Neurodegenerative Disease (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square; UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL (H.Z.), London; and Universitat Pompeu Fabra (J.D.G., J.L.M.), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marc Suárez-Calvet
- From the Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (E.M.A.-U., G.S., G.O., C.M., G.S.-B., M.C.-B., O.G.-R., A.S.-V, C.F., M.S.-C., J.D.G., J.L.M.), Pasqual Maragall Foundation; IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute) (E.M.A.-U., G.S., G.O., C.M., G.S.-B., M.C.-B., O.G.-R., A.S.-V, C.F., M.S.-C., J.D.G., J.L.M.), Barcelona; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (E.M.A.-U., G.S., G.O., C.M., G.S.-B., M.C.-B., O.G.-R., M.S.-C., J.L.M.), Madrid, Spain; Department of Epidemiology (M.C.-B.), Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Servei de Neurologia (O.G.-R., M.S.-C.), Hospital del Mar, Barcelona; Investigación Biomédica en Red Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (C.F., J.D.G.), Madrid, Spain; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (H.Z., K.B.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal; Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry (H.Z., K.B.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden; Department of Neurodegenerative Disease (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square; UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL (H.Z.), London; and Universitat Pompeu Fabra (J.D.G., J.L.M.), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- From the Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (E.M.A.-U., G.S., G.O., C.M., G.S.-B., M.C.-B., O.G.-R., A.S.-V, C.F., M.S.-C., J.D.G., J.L.M.), Pasqual Maragall Foundation; IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute) (E.M.A.-U., G.S., G.O., C.M., G.S.-B., M.C.-B., O.G.-R., A.S.-V, C.F., M.S.-C., J.D.G., J.L.M.), Barcelona; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (E.M.A.-U., G.S., G.O., C.M., G.S.-B., M.C.-B., O.G.-R., M.S.-C., J.L.M.), Madrid, Spain; Department of Epidemiology (M.C.-B.), Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Servei de Neurologia (O.G.-R., M.S.-C.), Hospital del Mar, Barcelona; Investigación Biomédica en Red Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (C.F., J.D.G.), Madrid, Spain; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (H.Z., K.B.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal; Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry (H.Z., K.B.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden; Department of Neurodegenerative Disease (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square; UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL (H.Z.), London; and Universitat Pompeu Fabra (J.D.G., J.L.M.), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kaj Blennow
- From the Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (E.M.A.-U., G.S., G.O., C.M., G.S.-B., M.C.-B., O.G.-R., A.S.-V, C.F., M.S.-C., J.D.G., J.L.M.), Pasqual Maragall Foundation; IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute) (E.M.A.-U., G.S., G.O., C.M., G.S.-B., M.C.-B., O.G.-R., A.S.-V, C.F., M.S.-C., J.D.G., J.L.M.), Barcelona; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (E.M.A.-U., G.S., G.O., C.M., G.S.-B., M.C.-B., O.G.-R., M.S.-C., J.L.M.), Madrid, Spain; Department of Epidemiology (M.C.-B.), Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Servei de Neurologia (O.G.-R., M.S.-C.), Hospital del Mar, Barcelona; Investigación Biomédica en Red Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (C.F., J.D.G.), Madrid, Spain; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (H.Z., K.B.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal; Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry (H.Z., K.B.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden; Department of Neurodegenerative Disease (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square; UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL (H.Z.), London; and Universitat Pompeu Fabra (J.D.G., J.L.M.), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Domingo Gispert
- From the Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (E.M.A.-U., G.S., G.O., C.M., G.S.-B., M.C.-B., O.G.-R., A.S.-V, C.F., M.S.-C., J.D.G., J.L.M.), Pasqual Maragall Foundation; IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute) (E.M.A.-U., G.S., G.O., C.M., G.S.-B., M.C.-B., O.G.-R., A.S.-V, C.F., M.S.-C., J.D.G., J.L.M.), Barcelona; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (E.M.A.-U., G.S., G.O., C.M., G.S.-B., M.C.-B., O.G.-R., M.S.-C., J.L.M.), Madrid, Spain; Department of Epidemiology (M.C.-B.), Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Servei de Neurologia (O.G.-R., M.S.-C.), Hospital del Mar, Barcelona; Investigación Biomédica en Red Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (C.F., J.D.G.), Madrid, Spain; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (H.Z., K.B.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal; Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry (H.Z., K.B.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden; Department of Neurodegenerative Disease (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square; UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL (H.Z.), London; and Universitat Pompeu Fabra (J.D.G., J.L.M.), Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Luis Molinuevo
- From the Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (E.M.A.-U., G.S., G.O., C.M., G.S.-B., M.C.-B., O.G.-R., A.S.-V, C.F., M.S.-C., J.D.G., J.L.M.), Pasqual Maragall Foundation; IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute) (E.M.A.-U., G.S., G.O., C.M., G.S.-B., M.C.-B., O.G.-R., A.S.-V, C.F., M.S.-C., J.D.G., J.L.M.), Barcelona; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (E.M.A.-U., G.S., G.O., C.M., G.S.-B., M.C.-B., O.G.-R., M.S.-C., J.L.M.), Madrid, Spain; Department of Epidemiology (M.C.-B.), Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Servei de Neurologia (O.G.-R., M.S.-C.), Hospital del Mar, Barcelona; Investigación Biomédica en Red Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (C.F., J.D.G.), Madrid, Spain; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (H.Z., K.B.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal; Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry (H.Z., K.B.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden; Department of Neurodegenerative Disease (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square; UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL (H.Z.), London; and Universitat Pompeu Fabra (J.D.G., J.L.M.), Barcelona, Spain
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Cacciaglia R, Molinuevo JL, Falcón C, Arenaza-Urquijo EM, Sánchez-Benavides G, Brugulat-Serrat A, Blennow K, Zetterberg H, Gispert JD. APOE-ε4 Shapes the Cerebral Organization in Cognitively Intact Individuals as Reflected by Structural Gray Matter Networks. Cereb Cortex 2020; 30:4110-4120. [PMID: 32163130 PMCID: PMC7264689 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaa034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Gray matter networks (GMn) provide essential information on the intrinsic organization of the brain and appear to be disrupted in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Apolipoprotein E (APOE)-ε4 represents the major genetic risk factor for AD, yet the association between APOE-ε4 and GMn has remained unexplored. Here, we determine the impact of APOE-ε4 on GMn in a large sample of cognitively unimpaired individuals, which was enriched for the genetic risk of AD. We used independent component analysis to retrieve sources of structural covariance and analyzed APOE group differences within and between networks. Analyses were repeated in a subsample of amyloid-negative subjects. Compared with noncarriers and heterozygotes, APOE-ε4 homozygotes showed increased covariance in one network including primarily right-lateralized, parietal, inferior frontal, as well as inferior and middle temporal regions, which mirrored the formerly described AD-signature. This result was confirmed in a subsample of amyloid-negative individuals. APOE-ε4 carriers showed reduced covariance between two networks encompassing frontal and temporal regions, which constitute preferential target of amyloid deposition. Our data indicate that, in asymptomatic individuals, APOE-ε4 shapes the cerebral organization in a way that recapitulates focal morphometric alterations observed in AD patients, even in absence of amyloid pathology. This suggests that structural vulnerability in neuronal networks associated with APOE-ε4 may be an early event in AD pathogenesis, possibly upstream of amyloid deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Cacciaglia
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, 08005 Barcelona, Spain.,Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), 08005 Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), 28089 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Luis Molinuevo
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, 08005 Barcelona, Spain.,Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), 08005 Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), 28089 Madrid, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08002 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carles Falcón
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, 08005 Barcelona, Spain.,Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), 08005 Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBERBBN), 28089 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eider M Arenaza-Urquijo
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, 08005 Barcelona, Spain.,Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), 08005 Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), 28089 Madrid, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Sánchez-Benavides
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, 08005 Barcelona, Spain.,Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), 08005 Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), 28089 Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna Brugulat-Serrat
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, 08005 Barcelona, Spain.,Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), 08005 Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), 28089 Madrid, Spain.,Global Brain Health Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, 41390 Mölndal, Sweden.,Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 41390 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, 41390 Mölndal, Sweden.,Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 41390 Mölndal, Sweden.,UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, WC1E 6BT London, UK.,Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, WC1N 3BG London, UK
| | - Juan Domingo Gispert
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, 08005 Barcelona, Spain.,Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), 08005 Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08002 Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBERBBN), 28089 Madrid, Spain
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7
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Grau-Rivera O, Operto G, Falcón C, Sánchez-Benavides G, Cacciaglia R, Brugulat-Serrat A, Gramunt N, Salvadó G, Suárez-Calvet M, Minguillon C, Iranzo Á, Gispert JD, Molinuevo JL. Association between insomnia and cognitive performance, gray matter volume, and white matter microstructure in cognitively unimpaired adults. Alzheimers Res Ther 2020; 12:4. [PMID: 31907066 PMCID: PMC6945611 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-019-0547-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mounting evidence links poor sleep quality with a higher risk of late-life dementia. However, the structural and cognitive correlates of insomnia are still not well understood. The study aims were to characterize the cognitive performance and brain structural pattern of cognitively unimpaired adults at increased risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD) with insomnia. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 1683 cognitively unimpaired middle/late-middle-aged adults from the ALFA (ALzheimer and FAmilies) study who underwent neuropsychological assessment, T1-weighted structural imaging (n = 366), and diffusion-weighted imaging (n = 334). The World Health Organization's World Mental Health Survey Initiative version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview was used to define the presence or absence of insomnia. Multivariable regression models were used to evaluate differences in cognitive performance between individuals with and without insomnia, as well as potential interactions between insomnia and the APOE genotype. Voxel-based morphometry and tract-based spatial statistics were used to assess between-group differences and potential interactions between insomnia and the APOE genotype in gray matter volume and white matter diffusion metrics. RESULTS Insomnia was reported by 615 out of 1683 participants (36.5%), including 137 out of 366 (37.4%) with T1-weighted structural imaging available and 119 out of 334 (35.6%) with diffusion-weighted imaging. Individuals with insomnia (n = 615) performed worse in executive function tests than non-insomniacs and displayed lower gray matter volume in left orbitofrontal and right middle temporal cortex, bilateral precuneus, posterior cingulate cortex and thalamus, higher gray matter volume in the left caudate nucleus, and widespread reduction of mean and axial diffusivity in right hemisphere white matter tracts. Insomnia interacted with the APOE genotype, with APOE-ε4 carriers displaying lower gray matter volumes when insomnia was present, but higher volumes when insomnia was not present, in several gray matter regions, including the left angular gyrus, the bilateral superior frontal gyri, the thalami, and the right hippocampus. CONCLUSIONS Insomnia in cognitively unimpaired adults at increased risk for AD is associated to poorer performance in some executive functions and volume changes in cortical and subcortical gray matter, including key areas involved in Alzheimer's disease, as well as decreased white matter diffusivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oriol Grau-Rivera
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Wellington 30, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.,Servei de Neurologia, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Grégory Operto
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Wellington 30, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carles Falcón
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Wellington 30, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Sánchez-Benavides
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Wellington 30, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Raffaele Cacciaglia
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Wellington 30, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Brugulat-Serrat
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Wellington 30, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nina Gramunt
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Wellington 30, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Gemma Salvadó
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Wellington 30, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marc Suárez-Calvet
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Wellington 30, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.,Servei de Neurologia, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carolina Minguillon
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Wellington 30, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Álex Iranzo
- Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona and Institut D'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Domingo Gispert
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Wellington 30, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Luis Molinuevo
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Wellington 30, 08003, Barcelona, Spain. .,CIBER Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain. .,Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain. .,IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain.
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8
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Cacciaglia R, Gispert JD, Operto G, Falcón C, Gramunt N, Sánchez-Benavides G, Brugulat-Serrat A, Suárez-Calvet M, Grau-Rivera O, Blennow K, Zetterberg H, Molinuevo JL. O3-02-01: APOE -
ε4 ALLELIC LOAD MODULATES THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN CSF BETA-AMYLOID AND GRAY MATTER VOLUME IN COGNITIVELY UNIMPAIRED INDIVIDUALS. Alzheimers Dement 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2019.06.4630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Cacciaglia
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC); Pasqual Maragall Foundation; Barcelona Spain
| | - Juan Domingo Gispert
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC); Pasqual Maragall Foundation; Barcelona Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra; Barcelona Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería; Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN); Madrid Spain
| | - Grégory Operto
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC); Pasqual Maragall Foundation; Barcelona Spain
| | - Carles Falcón
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC); Pasqual Maragall Foundation; Barcelona Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería; Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN); Madrid Spain
| | - Nina Gramunt
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC); Pasqual Maragall Foundation; Barcelona Spain
| | | | - Anna Brugulat-Serrat
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC); Pasqual Maragall Foundation; Barcelona Spain
| | - Marc Suárez-Calvet
- BarcelonaBeta Brain Research Center (BBRC); Pasqual Maragall Foundation; Barcelona Spain
| | - Oriol Grau-Rivera
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC); Pasqual Maragall Foundation; Barcelona Spain
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory; Sahlgrenska University Hospital; Mölndal Sweden
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory; Sahlgrenska University Hospital; Mölndal Sweden
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology; Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg; Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Jose Luis Molinuevo
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC); Pasqual Maragall Foundation; Barcelona Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra; Barcelona Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES); Madrid Spain
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9
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Cacciaglia R, Molinuevo JL, Falcón C, Sánchez-Benavides G, Brugulat-Serrat A, Gramunt N, Gispert JD. P1-396: APOE
-ε4 RISK VARIANT FOR ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE IMPACTS ON BRAIN STRUCTURAL NETWORKS IN COGNITIVELY UNIMPAIRED MIDDLE-AGED INDIVIDUALS. Alzheimers Dement 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2019.06.1001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Cacciaglia
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC); Pasqual Maragall Foundation; Barcelona Spain
| | - Jose Luis Molinuevo
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC); Pasqual Maragall Foundation; Barcelona Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra; Barcelona Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES); Madrid Spain
| | - Carles Falcón
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC); Pasqual Maragall Foundation; Barcelona Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN); Madrid Spain
| | | | - Anna Brugulat-Serrat
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC); Pasqual Maragall Foundation; Barcelona Spain
| | - Nina Gramunt
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC); Pasqual Maragall Foundation; Barcelona Spain
| | - Juan Domingo Gispert
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC); Pasqual Maragall Foundation; Barcelona Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra; Barcelona Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN); Madrid Spain
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10
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Cacciaglia R, Molinuevo JL, Operto G, Falcón C, Gispert JD. P2-330: IMPACT OF THE APOE-ε4 RISK VARIANT FOR AD ON THE FUNCTIONAL ARCHITECTURE OF THE RESTING BRAIN IN COGNITIVELY UNIMPAIRED INDIVIDUALS. Alzheimers Dement 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2019.06.2737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Cacciaglia
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC); Pasqual Maragall Foundation; Barcelona Spain
| | - Jose Luis Molinuevo
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC); Pasqual Maragall Foundation; Barcelona Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra; Barcelona Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES); Madrid Spain
| | - Grégory Operto
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC); Pasqual Maragall Foundation; Barcelona Spain
| | - Carles Falcón
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC); Pasqual Maragall Foundation; Barcelona Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN); Madrid Spain
| | - Juan Domingo Gispert
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC); Pasqual Maragall Foundation; Barcelona Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra; Barcelona Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN); Madrid Spain
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11
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Monté-Rubio GC, Falcón C, Pomarol-Clotet E, Ashburner J. A comparison of various MRI feature types for characterizing whole brain anatomical differences using linear pattern recognition methods. Neuroimage 2018; 178:753-768. [PMID: 29864520 PMCID: PMC6202442 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.05.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a widespread interest in applying pattern recognition methods to anatomical neuroimaging data, but so far, there has been relatively little investigation into how best to derive image features in order to make the most accurate predictions. In this work, a Gaussian Process machine learning approach was used for predicting age, gender and body mass index (BMI) of subjects in the IXI dataset, as well as age, gender and diagnostic status using the ABIDE and COBRE datasets. MRI data were segmented and aligned using SPM12, and a variety of feature representations were derived from this preprocessing. We compared classification and regression accuracy using the different sorts of features, and with various degrees of spatial smoothing. Results suggested that feature sets that did not ignore the implicit background tissue class, tended to result in better overall performance, whereas some of the most commonly used feature sets performed relatively poorly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma C Monté-Rubio
- FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Avda. Jordà 8, 08035, Barcelona, Spain; Fundació ACE. Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Marqués de Sentmenat 57, 08029, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Carles Falcón
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center, Pasqual Maragall Foundation. Barcelona, Carrer de Wellington 30, 08005, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER en Bioingenieria, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain.
| | - Edith Pomarol-Clotet
- FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Avda. Jordà 8, 08035, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - John Ashburner
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, UCL Institute of Neurology, 12 Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK.
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12
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Cacciaglia R, Molinuevo JL, Sánchez-Benavides G, Falcón C, Gramunt N, Brugulat-Serrat A, Grau O, Gispert JD. Episodic memory and executive functions in cognitively healthy individuals display distinct neuroanatomical correlates which are differentially modulated by aging. Hum Brain Mapp 2018; 39:4565-4579. [PMID: 29972619 PMCID: PMC6220988 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The neuroanatomical bases of episodic memory (EM) and executive functions (EFs) have been widely addressed in patients with brain damage and in individuals with neurologic disorders. These studies reported that larger brain structures support better outcomes in both cognitive domains, thereby supporting the “bigger is better” account. However, relatively few studies have explored the cerebral morphological properties underlying EM and EFs in cognitively healthy individuals and current findings indicate no unitary theoretical explanation for the structure–function relationship. Moreover, existing studies have typically restricted the analyses to a priori defined regions of interest. Here we conducted unbiased voxel‐wise analysis of the associations between regional gray as well as white matter volumes (GMv; WMv) and performance in both cognitive domains in a sample of 463 cognitively intact individuals. We found that efficiency in EM was predicted by lower GMv in brain areas belonging to the default‐mode network (DMN). By contrast, EFs performance was predicted by larger GMv in a distributed set of regions, which overlapped with the executive control network (ECN). Volume of white matter bundles supporting both cross‐cortical and interhemispheric connections was positively related to processing speed. Furthermore, aging modulated the relationship between regional volumes and cognitive performance in several areas including the hippocampus and frontal cortex. Our data extend the critical role of the DMN and ECN by showing that variability in their morphological properties, and not only their activation patterns, affects EM and EFs, respectively. Moreover, our finding that aging reverts these associations supports previously advanced theories of cognitive neurodevelopment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Cacciaglia
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center, Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Luis Molinuevo
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center, Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Carles Falcón
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center, Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Nina Gramunt
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center, Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna Brugulat-Serrat
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center, Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oriol Grau
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center, Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Domingo Gispert
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center, Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
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13
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Palma-Gudiel H, Córdova-Palomera A, Tornador C, Falcón C, Bargalló N, Deco G, Fañanás L. Increased methylation at an unexplored glucocorticoid responsive element within exon 1 D of NR3C1 gene is related to anxious-depressive disorders and decreased hippocampal connectivity. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2018; 28:579-588. [PMID: 29650294 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2018.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Among the major psychiatric disorders, anxious-depressive disorders stand out as one of the more prevalent and more frequently associated with hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis abnormalities. Methylation at the exon 1F of the glucocorticoid receptor gene NR3C1 has been associated with both early stress exposure and risk for developing a psychiatric disorder; however, other NR3C1 promoter regions have been underexplored. Exon 1D emerges as a suggestive new target in stress-related disorders epigenetically sensitive to early adversity. After assessment of 48 monozygotic twin pairs (n=96 subjects) informative for lifetime history of anxious-depressive disorders, they were classified as concordant, discordant or healthy in function of whether both, one or neither twin in each pair had a lifetime diagnosis of anxious-depressive disorders. DNA for epigenetic analysis was extracted from peripheral blood. Exon 1F and exon 1D CpG-specific methylation was analysed by means of pyrosequencing technology. Functional magnetic resonance imaging was available for 54 subjects (n=27 twin pairs). Exon 1D CpG-specific methylation within a glucocorticoid responsive element (GRE) was correlated with familial burden of anxious-depressive disorders (r=0.35, z=2.26, p=0.02). Right hippocampal connectivity was significantly associated with CpG-specific GRE methylation (β=-2.33, t=-2.85, p=0.01). Exon 1F was uniformly hypomethylated across all subgroups of the present sample. GRE hypermethylation at exon 1D of the NR3C1 gene in monozygotic twins concordant for anxious-depressive disorders suggests this region plays a role in increasing vulnerability to psychosocial stress, partly mediated by altered hippocampal connectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Palma-Gudiel
- Anthropology Section, Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Biomedicine Institute (IBUB), University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Center of Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Aldo Córdova-Palomera
- Anthropology Section, Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Biomedicine Institute (IBUB), University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Center of Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristian Tornador
- Center for Brain and Cognition, Computational Neuroscience Group, Department of Information and Communication Technologies, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carles Falcón
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Bioingeniería, Biomedicina y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Zaragoza, Spain; BarcelonaBeta Brain Research Center, Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain; Medical Image Core facility, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria Bargalló
- Medical Image Core facility, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Diagnóstico por Imagen, Hospital Clínico, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gustavo Deco
- Center for Brain and Cognition, Computational Neuroscience Group, Department of Information and Communication Technologies, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; Institució Catalana de la Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lourdes Fañanás
- Anthropology Section, Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Biomedicine Institute (IBUB), University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Center of Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain.
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14
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Sampedro F, Vilaplana E, de Leon MJ, Alcolea D, Pegueroles J, Montal V, Carmona-Iragui M, Sala I, Sánchez-Saudinos MB, Antón-Aguirre S, Morenas-Rodríguez E, Camacho V, Falcón C, Pavía J, Ros D, Clarimón J, Blesa R, Lleó A, Fortea J. APOE-by-sex interactions on brain structure and metabolism in healthy elderly controls. Oncotarget 2016; 6:26663-74. [PMID: 26397226 PMCID: PMC4694943 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The APOE effect on Alzheimer Disease (AD) risk is stronger in women than in men but its mechanisms have not been established. We assessed the APOE-by-sex interaction on core CSF biomarkers, brain metabolism and structure in healthy elderly control individuals (HC). Methods Cross-sectional study. HC from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative with available CSF (n = 274) and/or 3T-MRI (n = 168) and/or a FDG-PET analyses (n = 328) were selected. CSF amyloid-β1–42 (Aβ1–42), total-tau (t-tau) and phospho-tau (p-tau181p) levels were measured by Luminex assays. We analyzed the APOE-by-sex interaction on the CSF biomarkers in an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). FDG uptake was analyzed by SPM8 and cortical thickness (CTh) was measured by FreeSurfer. FDG and CTh difference maps were derived from interaction and group analyses. Results APOE4 carriers had lower CSF Aβ1–42 and higher CSF p-tau181p values than non-carriers, but there was no APOE-by-sex interaction on CSF biomarkers. The APOE-by-sex interaction on brain metabolism and brain structure was significant. Sex stratification showed that female APOE4 carriers presented widespread brain hypometabolism and cortical thinning compared to female non-carriers whereas male APOE4 carriers showed only a small cluster of hypometabolism and regions of cortical thickening compared to male non-carriers. Conclusions The impact of APOE4 on brain metabolism and structure is modified by sex. Female APOE4 carriers show greater hypometabolism and atrophy than male carriers. This APOE-by-sex interaction should be considered in clinical trials in preclinical AD where APOE4 status is a selection criterion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederic Sampedro
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau - Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau - Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, CIBERNED, Madrid, Spain.,Nuclear Medicine Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau - Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau - Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduard Vilaplana
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau - Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau - Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, CIBERNED, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mony J de Leon
- New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Daniel Alcolea
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau - Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau - Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, CIBERNED, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jordi Pegueroles
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau - Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau - Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, CIBERNED, Madrid, Spain
| | - Victor Montal
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau - Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau - Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, CIBERNED, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Carmona-Iragui
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau - Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau - Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, CIBERNED, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Sala
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau - Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau - Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, CIBERNED, Madrid, Spain
| | - María-Belén Sánchez-Saudinos
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau - Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau - Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, CIBERNED, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sofía Antón-Aguirre
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau - Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau - Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, CIBERNED, Madrid, Spain
| | - Estrella Morenas-Rodríguez
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau - Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau - Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, CIBERNED, Madrid, Spain
| | - Valle Camacho
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau - Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau - Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carles Falcón
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques I, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona - IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine - CIBER-BBN, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Pavía
- Nuclear Medicine Department. Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine - CIBER-BBN, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Domènec Ros
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques I, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona - IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine - CIBER-BBN, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Clarimón
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau - Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau - Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, CIBERNED, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Blesa
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau - Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau - Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, CIBERNED, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Lleó
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau - Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau - Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, CIBERNED, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Fortea
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau - Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau - Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, CIBERNED, Madrid, Spain
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Demirtaş M, Tornador C, Falcón C, López-Solà M, Hernández-Ribas R, Pujol J, Menchón JM, Ritter P, Cardoner N, Soriano-Mas C, Deco G. Dynamic functional connectivity reveals altered variability in functional connectivity among patients with major depressive disorder. Hum Brain Mapp 2016; 37:2918-30. [PMID: 27120982 PMCID: PMC5074271 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Revised: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Resting-state fMRI (RS-fMRI) has become a useful tool to investigate the connectivity structure of mental health disorders. In the case of major depressive disorder (MDD), recent studies regarding the RS-fMRI have found abnormal connectivity in several regions of the brain, particularly in the default mode network (DMN). Thus, the relevance of the DMN to self-referential thoughts and ruminations has made the use of the resting-state approach particularly important for MDD. The majority of such research has relied on the grand averaged functional connectivity measures based on the temporal correlations between the BOLD time series of various brain regions. We, in our study, investigated the variations in the functional connectivity over time at global and local level using RS-fMRI BOLD time series of 27 MDD patients and 27 healthy control subjects. We found that global synchronization and temporal stability were significantly increased in the MDD patients. Furthermore, the participants with MDD showed significantly increased overall average (static) functional connectivity (sFC) but decreased variability of functional connectivity (vFC) within specific networks. Static FC increased to predominance among the regions pertaining to the default mode network (DMN), while the decreased variability of FC was observed in the connections between the DMN and the frontoparietal network. Hum Brain Mapp 37:2918-2930, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Demirtaş
- Department of Information and Communication Technologies, Center for Brain and Cognition, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristian Tornador
- Department of Information and Communication Technologies, Center for Brain and Cognition, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carles Falcón
- BarcelonaBeta Brain Research Center, Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER-BBN, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marina López-Solà
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado
- MRI Research Unit, CRC Mar, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa Hernández-Ribas
- Carlos III Health Institute, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain
- Psychiatry Department, Bellvitge University Hospital, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jesús Pujol
- Department of Radiology, MRI Research Unit, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José M Menchón
- Carlos III Health Institute, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain
- Psychiatry Department, Bellvitge University Hospital, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Petra Ritter
- Max-Planck Institute for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Narcis Cardoner
- Mental Health Department, Depression and Anxiety Program, Parc Taulí Sabadell, Barcelona, Spain
- Hospital Universitari Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Universitat Autònoma De Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carles Soriano-Mas
- Carlos III Health Institute, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain
- Psychiatry Department, Bellvitge University Hospital, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Psychobiology and Methodology of Health Sciences, Universitat Autònoma De Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gustavo Deco
- Department of Information and Communication Technologies, Center for Brain and Cognition, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Barcelona, Spain
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16
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Aparicio J, Carreño M, Bargalló N, Setoain X, Rubí S, Rumià J, Falcón C, Calvo A, Martí-Fuster B, Padilla N, Boget T, Pintor L, Donaire A. Combined 18F-FDG-PET and diffusion tensor imaging in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis. Neuroimage Clin 2016; 12:976-989. [PMID: 27995064 PMCID: PMC5153605 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2016.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Revised: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Several studies using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (18F-FDG-PET) or diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) have found both temporal and extratemporal abnormalities in patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with ipsilateral hippocampal sclerosis (MTLE-HS), but data are lacking about the findings of both techniques in the same patients. We aimed to determine whether the extent of 18F-FDG-PET hypometabolism is related to DTI abnormalities. Methods Twenty-one patients with MTLE-HS underwent comprehensive preoperative evaluation; 18 (86%) of these underwent epilepsy surgery. We analyzed and compared the pattern of white matter (WM) alterations on DTI and cortical hypometabolism on 18F-FDG-PET. Results We found widespread temporal and extratemporal 18F-FDG-PET and DTI abnormalities. Patterns of WM abnormalities and cortical glucose hypometabolism involved similar brain regions, being more extensive in the left than the right MTLE-HS. We classified patients into three groups according to temporal 18F-FDG-PET patterns: hypometabolism restricted to the anterior third (n = 7), hypometabolism extending to the middle third (n = 7), and hypometabolism extending to the posterior third (n = 7). Patients with anterior temporal hypometabolism showed DTI abnormalities in anterior association and commissural tracts while patients with posterior hypometabolism showed WM alterations in anterior and posterior tracts. Conclusions Patients with MTLE-HS have widespread metabolic and microstructural abnormalities that involve similar regions. The distribution patterns of these gray and white matter abnormalities differ between patients with left or right MTLE, but also with the extent of the 18F-FDG-PET hypometabolism along the epileptogenic temporal lobe. These findings suggest a variable network involvement among patients with MTLE-HS. There are widespread metabolic and microstructural abnormalities in MTLE-HS. Diffusion tensor imaging alterations differ with pattern of temporal hypometabolism. This study suggests a variable network involvement among patients with MTLE-HS. (MTLE-HS: mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with ipsilateral hippocampal sclerosis)
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Aparicio
- Hospital Clínic, Epilepsy Program, Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Institute, CP 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mar Carreño
- Hospital Clínic, Epilepsy Program, Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Institute, CP 08036, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), CP 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria Bargalló
- Hospital Clínic, Epilepsy Program, Department of Radiology, CDIC, CP 08036, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), CP 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Setoain
- Hospital Clínic, Epilepsy Program, Department of Nuclear Medicine, CDIC, CP 08036, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), CP 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sebastià Rubí
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Palma, CP 07010, Palma, Spain
| | - Jordi Rumià
- Hospital Clínic, Epilepsy Program, Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Institute, CP 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carles Falcón
- BarcelonaBeta Brain Research Center, Pasqual Maragall Foundation, CP 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Calvo
- Institut d'investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), CP 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Berta Martí-Fuster
- Grupo de Imagen Biomédica de la Universidad de Barcelona (GIB-UB), Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), CP 08036, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Physiological Sciences I - Biophysics and Bioengineering Unit, University of Barcelona, CP, O8036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nelly Padilla
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Teresa Boget
- Institut d'investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), CP 08036, Barcelona, Spain; Hospital Clínic, Epilepsy Program, Department of Neuropsychology, Neuroscience Institute, CP 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luís Pintor
- Institut d'investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), CP 08036, Barcelona, Spain; Hospital Clínic, Epilepsy Program, Department of Psychiatry, Neuroscience Institute, CP 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Donaire
- Hospital Clínic, Epilepsy Program, Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Institute, CP 08036, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), CP 08036, Barcelona, Spain
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Gallego J, Niñerola-Baizán A, Cot A, Aguiar P, Crespo C, Falcón C, Lomeña F, Sempau J, Pavía J, Ros D. Validation of semi-quantitative methods for DAT SPECT: influence of anatomical variability and partial volume effect. Phys Med Biol 2015; 60:5925-38. [PMID: 26184983 DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/60/15/5925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to evaluate the influence of anatomical variability between subjects and of the partial volume effect (PVE) on the standardized Specific Uptake Ratio (SUR) in [(123)I]FP-bib SPECT studies. To this end, magnetic resonance (MR) images of 23 subjects with differences in the striatal volume of up to 44% were segmented and used to generate a database of 138 Monte Carlo simulated SPECT studies. Data included normal uptakes and pathological cases. Studies were reconstructed by filtered back projection (FBP) and the ordered-subset expectation-maximization algorithm. Quantification was carried out by applying a reference method based on regions of interest (ROIs) derived from the MR images and ROIs derived from the Automated Anatomical Labelling map. Our results showed that, regardless of anatomical variability, the relationship between calculated and true SUR values for caudate and putamen could be described by a multiple linear model which took into account the spill-over phenomenon caused by PVE (R² ≥ 0.963 for caudate and ≥0.980 for putamen) and also by a simple linear model (R(2) ≥ 0.952 for caudate and ≥0.973 for putamen). Calculated values were standardized by inverting both linear systems. Differences between standardized and true values showed that, although the multiple linear model was the best approach in terms of variability (X² ≥ 11.79 for caudate and ≤7.36 for putamen), standardization based on a simple linear model was also suitable (X² ≥ 12.44 for caudate and ≤12.57 for putamen).
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Affiliation(s)
- J Gallego
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques I, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona-IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain. Institut de Tècniques Energètiques, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
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Córdova-Palomera A, Tornador C, Falcón C, Bargalló N, Nenadic I, Deco G, Fañanás L. Altered amygdalar resting-state connectivity in depression is explained by both genes and environment. Hum Brain Mapp 2015; 36:3761-76. [PMID: 26096943 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.22876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2015] [Revised: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent findings indicate that alterations of the amygdalar resting-state fMRI connectivity play an important role in the etiology of depression. While both depression and resting-state brain activity are shaped by genes and environment, the relative contribution of genetic and environmental factors mediating the relationship between amygdalar resting-state connectivity and depression remain largely unexplored. Likewise, novel neuroimaging research indicates that different mathematical representations of resting-state fMRI activity patterns are able to embed distinct information relevant to brain health and disease. The present study analyzed the influence of genes and environment on amygdalar resting-state fMRI connectivity, in relation to depression risk. High-resolution resting-state fMRI scans were analyzed to estimate functional connectivity patterns in a sample of 48 twins (24 monozygotic pairs) informative for depressive psychopathology (6 concordant, 8 discordant and 10 healthy control pairs). A graph-theoretical framework was employed to construct brain networks using two methods: (i) the conventional approach of filtered BOLD fMRI time-series and (ii) analytic components of this fMRI activity. Results using both methods indicate that depression risk is increased by environmental factors altering amygdalar connectivity. When analyzing the analytic components of the BOLD fMRI time-series, genetic factors altering the amygdala neural activity at rest show an important contribution to depression risk. Overall, these findings show that both genes and environment modify different patterns the amygdala resting-state connectivity to increase depression risk. The genetic relationship between amygdalar connectivity and depression may be better elicited by examining analytic components of the brain resting-state BOLD fMRI signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldo Córdova-Palomera
- Unidad de Antropología, Departamento de Biología Animal, Facultad de Biología and Instituto de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristian Tornador
- Center for Brain and Cognition, Computational Neuroscience Group, Department of Information and Communication Technologies, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carles Falcón
- Medical Image Core facility, the Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Bioingeniería, Biomedicina y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Nuria Bargalló
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain.,Medical Image Core facility, the Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Diagnóstico por Imagen, Hospital Clínico, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Igor Nenadic
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Gustavo Deco
- Center for Brain and Cognition, Computational Neuroscience Group, Department of Information and Communication Technologies, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.,Institució Catalana de la Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lourdes Fañanás
- Unidad de Antropología, Departamento de Biología Animal, Facultad de Biología and Instituto de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
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Córdova-Palomera A, Fatjó-Vilas M, Falcón C, Bargalló N, Alemany S, Crespo-Facorro B, Nenadic I, Fañanás L. Birth Weight and Adult IQ, but Not Anxious-Depressive Psychopathology, Are Associated with Cortical Surface Area: A Study in Twins. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0129616. [PMID: 26086820 PMCID: PMC4472844 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous research suggests that low birth weight (BW) induces reduced brain cortical surface area (SA) which would persist until at least early adulthood. Moreover, low BW has been linked to psychiatric disorders such as depression and psychological distress, and to altered neurocognitive profiles. Aims We present novel findings obtained by analysing high-resolution structural MRI scans of 48 twins; specifically, we aimed: i) to test the BW-SA association in a middle-aged adult sample; and ii) to assess whether either depression/anxiety disorders or intellectual quotient (IQ) influence the BW-SA link, using a monozygotic (MZ) twin design to separate environmental and genetic effects. Results Both lower BW and decreased IQ were associated with smaller total and regional cortical SA in adulthood. Within a twin pair, lower BW was related to smaller total cortical and regional SA. In contrast, MZ twin differences in SA were not related to differences in either IQ or depression/anxiety disorders. Conclusion The present study supports findings indicating that i) BW has a long-lasting effect on cortical SA, where some familial and environmental influences alter both foetal growth and brain morphology; ii) uniquely environmental factors affecting BW also alter SA; iii) higher IQ correlates with larger SA; and iv) these effects are not modified by internalizing psychopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldo Córdova-Palomera
- Unidad de Antropología, Departamento de Biología Animal, Facultad de Biología and Instituto de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal, 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), C/Doctor Esquerdo, 46, 28007, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mar Fatjó-Vilas
- Unidad de Antropología, Departamento de Biología Animal, Facultad de Biología and Instituto de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal, 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), C/Doctor Esquerdo, 46, 28007, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carles Falcón
- Medical Image Core Facility, the Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS); C/Rosselló, 149–153, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Bioingeniería, Biomedicina y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), C/ Poeta Mariano Esquillor, s/n., 50018, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Nuria Bargalló
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), C/Doctor Esquerdo, 46, 28007, Madrid, Spain
- Medical Image Core Facility, the Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS); C/Rosselló, 149–153, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Diagnóstico por Imagen, Hospital Clínico, C/Villarroel, 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Silvia Alemany
- Unidad de Antropología, Departamento de Biología Animal, Facultad de Biología and Instituto de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal, 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), C/Doctor Esquerdo, 46, 28007, Madrid, Spain
| | - Benedicto Crespo-Facorro
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), C/Doctor Esquerdo, 46, 28007, Madrid, Spain
- University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Av. Valdecilla, s/n, 39008, Santander, Cantabria, Spain
- IFIMAV, Instituto de Formación e Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla, Av. Valdecilla, s/n, 39008, Santander, Cantabria, Spain
| | - Igor Nenadic
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 3, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Lourdes Fañanás
- Unidad de Antropología, Departamento de Biología Animal, Facultad de Biología and Instituto de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal, 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), C/Doctor Esquerdo, 46, 28007, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
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20
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Vidal-Piñeiro D, Martín-Trias P, Falcón C, Bargalló N, Clemente IC, Valls-Solé J, Junqué C, Pascual-Leone A, Bartrés-Faz D. Neurochemical Modulation in Posteromedial Default-mode Network Cortex Induced by Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation. Brain Stimul 2015; 8:937-44. [PMID: 25981159 DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2015.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Revised: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Default Mode Network (DMN) is severely compromised in several psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders where plasticity alterations are observed. Glutamate and GABA are the major excitatory and inhibitory brain neurotransmitters respectively and are strongly related to plasticity responses and large-scale network expression. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether regional Glx (Glutamate + Glutamine) and GABA could be modulated within the DMN after experimentally-controlled induction of plasticity and to study the effect of intrinsic connectivity over brain responses to stimulation. METHODS We applied individually-guided neuronavigated Theta Burst Stimulation (TBS) to the left inferior parietal lobe (IPL) in-between two magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) acquisitions to 36 young subjects. A resting-state fMRI sequence was also acquired before stimulation. RESULTS After intermittent TBS, distal GABA increases in posteromedial DMN areas were observed. Instead, no significant changes were detected locally, in left IPL areas. Neurotransmitter modulation in posteromedial areas was related to baseline fMRI connectivity between this region and the TBS-targeted area. CONCLUSIONS The prediction of neurotransmitter modulation by connectivity highlights the relevance of connectivity patterns to understand brain responses to plasticity-inducing protocols. The ability to modulate GABA in a key core of the DMN by means of TBS may open new avenues to evaluate plasticity mechanisms in a key area for major neurodegenerative and psychiatric conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dídac Vidal-Piñeiro
- Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pablo Martín-Trias
- Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carles Falcón
- Medical Imaging Group, University of Barcelona, CIBER-BBN, Spain
| | - Núria Bargalló
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Spain; Neuroradiology Section, Radiology Service, Centre de Diagnòstic per la Imatge, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Imma C Clemente
- Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Valls-Solé
- EMG Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carme Junqué
- Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Spain
| | - Alvaro Pascual-Leone
- Berenson-Allen Center for Noninvasive Brain Stimulation, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Institut Universitari de Neurorehabilitació Guttmann, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
| | - David Bartrés-Faz
- Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Spain.
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Fernández S, Donaire A, Serès E, Setoain X, Bargalló N, Falcón C, Sanmartí F, Maestro I, Rumià J, Pintor L, Boget T, Aparicio J, Carreño M. PET/MRI and PET/MRI/SISCOM coregistration in the presurgical evaluation of refractory focal epilepsy. Epilepsy Res 2015; 111:1-9. [PMID: 25769367 DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2014.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2014] [Revised: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the usefulness of coregistration of positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings (PET/MRI) and of coregistration of PET/MRI with subtraction ictal single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) coregistered to MRI (SISCOM) (PET/MRI/SISCOM) in localizing the potential epileptogenic zone in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy. We prospectively included 35 consecutive patients with refractory focal epilepsy whose presurgical evaluation included a PET study. Separately acquired PET and structural MRI images were coregistered for each patient. When possible, ictal SPECT and SISCOM were obtained and coregistered with PET/MRI. The potential location of the epileptogenic zone determined by neuroimaging was compared with the seizure onset zone determined by long-term video-EEG monitoring and with invasive EEG studies in patients who were implanted. Structural MRI showed no lesions in 15 patients. In these patients, PET/MRI coregistration showed a hypometabolic area in 12 (80%) patients that was concordant with seizure onset zone on EEG in 9. In 7 patients without MRI lesions, PET/MRI detected a hypometabolism that was undetected on PET alone. SISCOM, obtained in 25 patients, showed an area of hyperperfusion concordant with the seizure onset zone on EEG in 7 (58%) of the 12 of these patients who had normal MRI findings. SISCOM hyperperfusion was less extensive than PET hypometabolism. A total of 19 patients underwent surgery; 11 of these underwent invasive-EEG monitoring and the seizure onset zone was concordant with PET/MRI in all cases. PET/MRI/SISCOM coregistration, performed in 4 of these patients, was concordant in 3 (75%). After epilepsy surgery, 13 (68%) patients are seizure-free after a mean follow-up of 4.5 years. PET/MRI and PET/MRI/SISCOM coregistration are useful for determining the potential epileptogenic zone and thus for planning invasive EEG studies and surgery more precisely, especially in patients without lesions on MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Fernández
- Epilepsy Unit, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Neurology Unit, Medical Division, Hospital Plató, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - A Donaire
- Epilepsy Unit, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - E Serès
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - X Setoain
- Epilepsy Unit, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - N Bargalló
- Epilepsy Unit, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - C Falcón
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - F Sanmartí
- Pediatric Epilepsy Unit, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - I Maestro
- Epilepsy Unit, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - J Rumià
- Epilepsy Unit, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - L Pintor
- Epilepsy Unit, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - T Boget
- Epilepsy Unit, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - J Aparicio
- Epilepsy Unit, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - M Carreño
- Epilepsy Unit, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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Córdova-Palomera A, Alemany S, Falcón C, Bargalló N, Goldberg X, Crespo-Facorro B, Nenadic I, Fañanás L. Cortical thickness correlates of psychotic experiences: examining the effect of season of birth using a genetically informative design. J Psychiatr Res 2014; 56:144-9. [PMID: 24923523 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2014.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2013] [Revised: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 05/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Season of birth has been shown to influence risk for several neuropsychiatric diseases. Furthermore, it has been suggested that season of birth modifies a number of brain morphological traits. Since cortical thickness alterations have been reported across some levels of the psychosis-spectrum, this study was aimed at i) assessing the scarcely explored relationship between cortical thickness and severity of subclinical psychotic experiences (PEs) in healthy subjects, and ii) evaluating the potential impact of season of birth in the preceding thickness-PEs relationship. As both PEs and brain cortical features are heritable, the current work used monozygotic twins to separately evaluate familial and unique environmental factors. High-resolution structural MRI scans of 48 twins (24 monozygotic pairs) were analyzed to estimate cortical thickness using FreeSurfer. They were then examined in relation to PEs, accounting for the effects of birth season; putative differential relationships between PEs and cortical thickness depending on season of birth were also tested. Current results support previous findings indicative of cortical thickening in healthy individuals with high psychometrically assessed psychosis scores, probably in line with theories of compensatory aspects of brain features in non-clinical populations. Additionally, they suggest distinct patterns of cortical thickness-PEs relationships depending on birth seasonality. Familial factors underlying the presence of PEs may drive these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Córdova-Palomera
- Unidad de Antropología, Departamento de Biología Animal, Facultad de Biología and Instituto de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal, 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), C/Doctor Esquerdo, 46, 28007 Madrid, Spain
| | - S Alemany
- Unidad de Antropología, Departamento de Biología Animal, Facultad de Biología and Instituto de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal, 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), C/Doctor Esquerdo, 46, 28007 Madrid, Spain
| | - C Falcón
- Medical Image Core Facility, the Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), C/Rosselló, 149-153, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Bioingeniería, Biomedicina y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), C/Poeta Mariano Esquillor, s/n, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - N Bargalló
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), C/Doctor Esquerdo, 46, 28007 Madrid, Spain; Medical Image Core Facility, the Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), C/Rosselló, 149-153, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Diagnóstico por Imagen, Hospital Clínico, C/Villarroel, 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - X Goldberg
- Unidad de Antropología, Departamento de Biología Animal, Facultad de Biología and Instituto de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal, 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), C/Doctor Esquerdo, 46, 28007 Madrid, Spain
| | - B Crespo-Facorro
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), C/Doctor Esquerdo, 46, 28007 Madrid, Spain; University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Av. Valdecilla, s/n, 39008 Santander, Cantabria, Spain; IFIMAV, Instituto de Formación e Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla, Av. Valdecilla, s/n, 39008 Santander, Cantabria, Spain
| | - I Nenadic
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 3, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - L Fañanás
- Unidad de Antropología, Departamento de Biología Animal, Facultad de Biología and Instituto de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal, 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), C/Doctor Esquerdo, 46, 28007 Madrid, Spain.
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23
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Clerc MG, Falcón C, García-Ñustes MA, Odent V, Ortega I. Emergence of spatiotemporal dislocation chains in drifting patterns. Chaos 2014; 24:023133. [PMID: 24985447 DOI: 10.1063/1.4883650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
One-dimensional patterns subjected to counter-propagative flows or speed jumps exhibit a rich and complex spatiotemporal dynamics, which is characterized by the perpetual emergence of spatiotemporal dislocation chains. Using a universal amplitude equation of drifting patterns, we show that this behavior is a result of a combination of a phase instability and an advection process caused by an inhomogeneous drift force. The emergence of spatiotemporal dislocation chains is verified in numerical simulations on an optical feedback system with a non-uniform intensity pump. Experimentally this phenomenon is also observed in a tilted quasi-one-dimensional fluidized shallow granular bed mechanically driven by a harmonic vertical vibration.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Clerc
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad de Chile, Casilla, 487-3 Santiago, Chile
| | - C Falcón
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad de Chile, Casilla, 487-3 Santiago, Chile
| | - M A García-Ñustes
- Instituto de Fisica, Pontificia Universidad Catlica de Valparaso Avenida Brasil, 2950 Valparaso, Chile
| | - V Odent
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad de Chile, Casilla, 487-3 Santiago, Chile
| | - I Ortega
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad de Chile, Casilla, 487-3 Santiago, Chile
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Bartés-Serrallonga M, Adan A, Solé-Casals J, Caldú X, Falcón C, Pérez-Pàmies M, Bargalló N, Serra-Grabulosa JM. Cerebral networks of sustained attention and working memory: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study based on the Continuous Performance Test. Rev Neurol 2014; 58:289-295. [PMID: 24677151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION One of the most used paradigms in the study of attention is the Continuous Performance Test (CPT). The identical pairs version (CPT-IP) has been widely used to evaluate attention deficits in developmental, neurological and psychiatric disorders. However, the specific locations and the relative distribution of brain activation in networks identified with functional imaging, varies significantly with differences in task design. AIM To design a task to evaluate sustained attention using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and thus to provide data for research concerned with the role of these functions. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Forty right-handed, healthy students (50% women; age range: 18-25 years) were recruited. A CPT-IP implemented as a block design was used to assess sustained attention during the fMRI session. RESULTS The behavioural results from the CPT-IP task showed a good performance in all subjects, higher than 80% of hits. fMRI results showed that the used CPT-IP task activates a network of frontal, parietal and occipital areas, and that these are related to executive and attentional functions. CONCLUSIONS In relation to the use of the CPT to study of attention and working memory, this task provides normative data in healthy adults, and it could be useful to evaluate disorders which have attentional and working memory deficits.
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25
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Odent V, Clerc MG, Falcón C, Bortolozzo U, Louvergneaux E, Residori S. Photo-isomerization fronts in dye-doped nematic liquid crystals. Opt Lett 2014; 39:1861-1864. [PMID: 24686624 DOI: 10.1364/ol.39.001861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
An experimental study of the photo-isomerization dynamics in dye-doped nematic crystals is reported, which shows that, when the sample is illuminated by a Gaussian beam, and for high enough input power, a transition from the nematic to the isotropic phase takes place in the illuminated area. The two phases are spatially connected via a front propagating outward from the center of the beam and following the local intensity profile and thus inducing a photo-controlled optical aperture. The optical intensity and temperature fields on the sample follow the same dynamical profile. The front dynamics is described by a phenomenological bi-stable model with an inhomogeneous control parameter, directly related to the beam intensity profile.
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26
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Vidal-Piñeiro D, Martin-Trias P, Arenaza-Urquijo EM, Sala-Llonch R, Clemente IC, Mena-Sánchez I, Bargalló N, Falcón C, Pascual-Leone Á, Bartrés-Faz D. Task-dependent activity and connectivity predict episodic memory network-based responses to brain stimulation in healthy aging. Brain Stimul 2014; 7:287-96. [PMID: 24485466 DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2013.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2013] [Revised: 12/17/2013] [Accepted: 12/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) can affect episodic memory, one of the main cognitive hallmarks of aging, but the mechanisms of action remain unclear. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the behavioral and functional impact of excitatory TMS in a group of healthy elders. METHODS We applied a paradigm of repetitive TMS - intermittent theta-burst stimulation - over left inferior frontal gyrus in healthy elders (n = 24) and evaluated its impact on the performance of an episodic memory task with two levels of processing and the associated brain activity as captured by a pre and post fMRI scans. RESULTS In the post-TMS fMRI we found TMS-related activity increases in left prefrontal and cerebellum-occipital areas specifically during deep encoding but not during shallow encoding or at rest. Furthermore, we found a task-dependent change in connectivity during the encoding task between cerebellum-occipital areas and the TMS-targeted left inferior frontal region. This connectivity change correlated with the TMS effects over brain networks. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that the aged brain responds to brain stimulation in a state-dependent manner as engaged by different tasks components and that TMS effect is related to inter-individual connectivity changes measures. These findings reveal fundamental insights into brain network dynamics in aging and the capacity to probe them with combined behavioral and stimulation approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dídac Vidal-Piñeiro
- Department de Psiquiatria i Psicobiologia Clinica, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pablo Martin-Trias
- Department de Psiquiatria i Psicobiologia Clinica, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eider M Arenaza-Urquijo
- Department de Psiquiatria i Psicobiologia Clinica, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roser Sala-Llonch
- Department de Psiquiatria i Psicobiologia Clinica, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Imma C Clemente
- Department de Psiquiatria i Psicobiologia Clinica, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour (IR3C), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isaias Mena-Sánchez
- Department de Psiquiatria i Psicobiologia Clinica, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria Bargalló
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain; Secció de Neuroradiologia, Servei de Radiologia, Centre de Diagnòstic per la Imatge, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carles Falcón
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER-BBN, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Álvaro Pascual-Leone
- Berenson-Allen Center for Noninvasive Brain Stimulation, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Institut Universitari de Neurorehabilitació Guttmann-UAB, Badalona, Spain
| | - David Bartrés-Faz
- Department de Psiquiatria i Psicobiologia Clinica, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain.
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27
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Pereira JB, Valls-Pedret C, Ros E, Palacios E, Falcón C, Bargalló N, Bartrés-Faz D, Wahlund LO, Westman E, Junque C. Regional vulnerability of hippocampal subfields to aging measured by structural and diffusion MRI. Hippocampus 2013; 24:403-14. [PMID: 24339261 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.22234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2013] [Revised: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 12/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
In the past few years, there has been an increasing awareness of the regional vulnerability of the hippocampus to age-related processes. However, to date, no studies have assessed the effects of age on different structural magnetic resonance parameters in the specific hippocampal subfields. In this study, we measured volume, mean diffusivity (MD) and fractional anisotropy (FA) in the presubiculum, subiculum, fimbria, cornu ammonis (CA) 1,2-3,4-DG and the whole hippocampus in fifty cognitively intact elder adults between 50 and 75 years of age (20 men, 30 women). Segmentation of hippocampal subfields was performed using FreeSurfer. Individual MD and FA images were coregistered to T1-weighted volumes using FLIRT of FSL. Linear regression analyses were performed to assess the effects of age on the anatomical measures of each subfield. In addition, multiple regression analyses were also carried out to assess which of the anatomical measures that showed a correlation with age in the previous analyses, were the best age predictors in the hippocampus. In agreement with previous studies, our results showed a significant association between age and volume (P < 0.001) as well as MD (P < 0.001) in the whole hippocampus. Regarding the specific hippocampal subfields, we found that age had a significant negative effect on volume in CA2-3 (P < 0.001) and CA4-DG (P < 0.001). Importantly, we found a positive effect of age on MD in CA2-3 (P < 0.001) and fimbria (P < 0.001) as well as a negative age effect on FA in the subiculum (P < 0.001). Multiple regression analyses revealed that the best overall predictors of age in the hippocampus were MD in the fimbria and volume of CA2-3, which explained 73.8% of the age variance. These results indicate that age has an effect both on volume and diffusion tensor imaging measures in different subfields, suggesting they provide complementary information on age-related processes in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana B Pereira
- Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Biomedical Research August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Lázaro L, Andrés S, Calvo A, Cullell C, Moreno E, Plana MT, Falcón C, Bargalló N, Castro-Fornieles J. Normal gray and white matter volume after weight restoration in adolescents with anorexia nervosa. Int J Eat Disord 2013; 46:841-8. [PMID: 23904101 DOI: 10.1002/eat.22161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine whether treated, weight-stabilized adolescents with anorexia nervosa (AN) present brain volume differences in comparison with healthy controls. METHOD Thirty-five adolescents with weight-recovered AN and 17 healthy controls were assessed by means of psychopathology scales and magnetic resonance imaging. Axial three-dimensional T1-weighted images were obtained in a 1.5 Tesla scanner and analyzed using optimized voxel-based morphometry (VBM). RESULTS There were no significant differences between controls and weight-stabilized AN patients with regard to global volumes of either gray or white brain matter, or in the regional VBM study. Differences were not significant between patients with psychopharmacological treatment and without, between those with amenorrhea and without, as well as between patients with restrictive versus purgative AN. DISCUSSION The present findings reveal no global or regional gray or white matter abnormalities in this sample of adolescents following weight restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Lázaro
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clínic Universitari, Barcelona, Spain; IDIBAPS (Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain
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Macías JE, Clerc MG, Falcón C, García-Ñustes MA. Spatially modulated kinks in shallow granular layers. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2013; 88:020201. [PMID: 24032762 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.88.020201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2013] [Revised: 06/30/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We report on the experimental observation of spatially modulated kinks in a shallow one-dimensional fluidized granular layer subjected to a periodic air flow. We show the appearance of these solutions as the layer undergoes a parametric instability. Due to the inherent fluctuations of the granular layer, the kink profile exhibits an effective wavelength, a precursor, which modulates spatially the homogeneous states and drastically modifies the kink dynamics. We characterize the average and fluctuating properties of this solution. Finally, we show that the temporal evolution of these kinks is dominated by a hopping dynamics, related directly to the underlying spatial structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Macías
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 487-3, Santiago, Chile
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Sierra-Marcos A, Maestro I, Falcón C, Donaire A, Setoain J, Aparicio J, Rumià J, Pintor L, Boget T, Carreño M, Bargalló N. Ictal EEG-fMRI in localization of epileptogenic area in patients with refractory neocortical focal epilepsy. Epilepsia 2013; 54:1688-98. [DOI: 10.1111/epi.12329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alba Sierra-Marcos
- Institute of Neurosciences; Hospital Clinic I Provincial; Barcelona Spain
| | - Iratxe Maestro
- Department of Neurophysiology; Hospital Cruces; Bilbao Spain
| | - Carles Falcón
- Medical Image Core Facility; August Pi I Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS); Barcelona Spain
- CIBER-BBN; Barcelona Spain
| | - Antonio Donaire
- Institute of Neurosciences; Hospital Clinic I Provincial; Barcelona Spain
| | - Javier Setoain
- Image Diagnosis Center; Hospital Clinic; Barcelona Spain
| | - Javier Aparicio
- Institute of Neurosciences; Hospital Clinic I Provincial; Barcelona Spain
| | - Jordi Rumià
- Institute of Neurosciences; Hospital Clinic I Provincial; Barcelona Spain
| | - Luis Pintor
- Institute of Neurosciences; Hospital Clinic I Provincial; Barcelona Spain
| | - Teresa Boget
- Institute of Neurosciences; Hospital Clinic I Provincial; Barcelona Spain
| | - Mar Carreño
- Institute of Neurosciences; Hospital Clinic I Provincial; Barcelona Spain
| | - Núria Bargalló
- Medical Image Core Facility; August Pi I Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS); Barcelona Spain
- Image Diagnosis Center; Hospital Clinic; Barcelona Spain
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Alemany S, Mas A, Goldberg X, Falcón C, Fatjó-Vilas M, Arias B, Bargalló N, Nenadic I, Gastó C, Fañanás L. Regional gray matter reductions are associated with genetic liability for anxiety and depression: an MRI twin study. J Affect Disord 2013; 149:175-81. [PMID: 23433857 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2013.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2012] [Revised: 12/23/2012] [Accepted: 01/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The influence of genetic and/or environmental factors on the volumetric brain changes observed in subjects affected by anxiety and depression disorders remains unclear. The current study aimed to investigate whether genetic and environmental liabilities make different contributions to abnormalities in gray matter volume (GMV) in anxiety and depression using a concordant and discordant MZ twin pairs design. METHODS Fifty-three magnetic resonance imaging (3T) brain scans were obtained from monozygotic (MZ) twins concordant (6 pairs) and discordant (10 pairs) for lifetime anxiety and depression disorders and from healthy twins (21 subjects). We applied voxel-based morphometry to analyse GMV differences. Concordant affected twins were compared to healthy twins and within-pairs comparisons were performed in the discordant group. RESULTS GMV reductions in bilateral fusiform gyrus and amygdala were observed in concordant affected twins for anxiety and depression compared to healthy twins. No intrapair differences were found in GMV between discordant affected twins and their healthy co-twins. LIMITATIONS The sample size was modest. This might explain why no intrapair differences were found in the discordant MZ twin group. CONCLUSIONS As concordant affected MZ twins are believed to have a particularly high genetic liability for the disorder, our findings suggest that fusiform gyrus and amygdala gray matter reductions are related to a genetic risk for anxiety and depression. Discrepancies in regard to brain abnormalities in anxiety and depression may be related to the admixture of patients with GMV abnormalities mainly accounted for by genetic factors with patients presenting GMV mainly accounted for by environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Alemany
- Unidad de Antropología, Departamento de Biología Animal, Facultad de Biología and Instituto de Biomedicina, Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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32
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Valduvieco Ruiz I, Verger Fransoy E, Pujol T, Falcón C, Herreros A, Caral L, Graus F, Pineda E, Oleaga L. Best oral presentation: Glioblastomas with complete resection: Changes in relative cerebral blood volume in white matter irradiated. Rep Pract Oncol Radiother 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rpor.2013.03.730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Pereira JB, Junqué C, Bartrés-Faz D, Martí MJ, Sala-Llonch R, Compta Y, Falcón C, Vendrell P, Pascual-Leone Á, Valls-Solé J, Tolosa E. Modulation of verbal fluency networks by transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in Parkinson’s disease. Brain Stimul 2013; 6:16-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2012.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2011] [Revised: 12/26/2011] [Accepted: 01/17/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Lázaro L, Bargalló N, Andrés S, Falcón C, Morer A, Junqué C, Castro-Fornieles J. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder: longitudinal study before and after treatment. Psychiatry Res 2012; 201:17-24. [PMID: 22281202 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2011.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2009] [Revised: 01/22/2011] [Accepted: 01/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Abnormalities in neurochemical compounds in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) may help increase our knowledge of neurobiological abnormalities in the fronto-subcortical circuits. The aims of this exploratory study were to identify with in vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H-MRS) the possible alterations in neurometabolites in a group of drug naïve children and adolescents with OCD in comparison with a control group and to determine whether there was any effect of treatment on the metabolite levels. Eleven OCD children and adolescents (age range 9-17 years; 6 male, 5 female) and twelve healthy subjects with similar age, sex and estimated intellectual quotient were studied. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 1.5 T was used. We placed 3 voxels, one bilaterally located involving anterior cingulate-medial frontal regions, and one in each striatal region involving the caudate and putaminal regions. Concentrations of creatine (Cr), myo-inositol (mI), total Cho (glycerophosphocholine+phosphocholine), total NAA (N-acetyl aspartate+N-acetyl aspartylglutamate), and total Glx (glutamate+glutamine) were calculated. We found significantly lower concentrations of total Cho in left striatum in OCD patients compared with healthy subjects. The difference in Cho concentrations in left striatum between the two groups did not change over time and persisted at follow-up assessment. Like the control subjects, OCD patients undergoing pharmacological treatment and clinical recovery showed no significant changes in neurometabolic activity between the first and second evaluations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Lázaro
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology Department, Universitari of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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Lázaro L, Castro-Fornieles J, Cullell C, Andrés S, Falcón C, Calvo R, Bargalló N. A voxel-based morphometric MRI study of stabilized obsessive-compulsive adolescent patients. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2011; 35:1863-9. [PMID: 21840363 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2011.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2011] [Revised: 07/29/2011] [Accepted: 07/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to determine whether treated stabilized adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) present brain structure differences in comparison with healthy control subjects. METHODS Twenty-seven adolescents with already-treated OCD and 27 healthy controls matched by age, sex and estimated intellectual level were assessed by means of psychopathological scales and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Axial three-dimensional T1-weighted images were obtained in a 1.5 T scanner and analyzed using optimized voxel-based morphometry (VBM). RESULTS Compared with controls, stabilized patients with OCD did not present any statistical differences in the whole brain. However, a small volume correction analysis yielded significant results that survived correction for multiple comparisons, showing decreased white matter (WM) volume in a small area of the parietal cortex (t=3.39, p=0.045 FWE (family wise error)-corrected) of OCD patients in comparison with healthy controls. There was no significant correlation between decreased WM volume in the parietal cortex and obsessive-compulsive symptomatology. CONCLUSION There were no global significant differences in either gray matter (GM) or WM. Small differences were found between adolescent patients with stabilized OCD and healthy controls as regards in WM volume in right parietal areas. The parietal lobe may play a role in the pathophysiology of OCD, even in clinically stabilized patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Lázaro
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clínic Universitari, Barcelona, Spain.
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Peña-Gómez C, Sala-Lonch R, Junqué C, Clemente IC, Vidal D, Bargalló N, Falcón C, Valls-Solé J, Pascual-Leone Á, Bartrés-Faz D. Modulation of large-scale brain networks by transcranial direct current stimulation evidenced by resting-state functional MRI. Brain Stimul 2011; 5:252-263. [PMID: 21962981 DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2011.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2011] [Revised: 08/03/2011] [Accepted: 08/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain areas interact mutually to perform particular complex brain functions such as memory or language. Furthermore, under resting-state conditions several spatial patterns have been identified that resemble functional systems involved in cognitive functions. Among these, the default-mode network (DMN), which is consistently deactivated during task periods and is related to a variety of cognitive functions, has attracted most attention. In addition, in resting-state conditions some brain areas engaged in focused attention (such as the anticorrelated network, AN) show a strong negative correlation with DMN; as task demand increases, AN activity rises, and DMN activity falls. OBJECTIVE We combined transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate these brain network dynamics. METHODS Ten healthy young volunteers underwent four blocks of resting-state fMRI (10-minutes), each of them immediately after 20 minutes of sham or active tDCS (2 mA), on two different days. On the first day the anodal electrode was placed over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) (part of the AN) with the cathode over the contralateral supraorbital area, and on the second day, the electrode arrangement was reversed (anode right-DLPFC, cathode left-supraorbital). RESULTS After active stimulation, functional network connectivity revealed increased synchrony within the AN components and reduced synchrony in the DMN components. CONCLUSIONS Our study reveals a reconfiguration of intrinsic brain activity networks after active tDCS. These effects may help to explain earlier reports of improvements in cognitive functions after anodal-tDCS, where increasing cortical excitability may have facilitated reconfiguration of functional brain networks to address upcoming cognitive demands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cleofé Peña-Gómez
- Departament de Psiquiatria i Psicobiologia Clínica, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roser Sala-Lonch
- Departament de Psiquiatria i Psicobiologia Clínica, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carme Junqué
- Departament de Psiquiatria i Psicobiologia Clínica, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Immaculada C Clemente
- Departament de Psiquiatria i Psicobiologia Clínica, Facultat de Psicologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dídac Vidal
- Departament de Psiquiatria i Psicobiologia Clínica, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria Bargalló
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain; Centre de Diagnòstic per la Imatge, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carles Falcón
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER-BBN, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Josep Valls-Solé
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain; Laboratori d'Exploracions Neurofuncionals, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Álvaro Pascual-Leone
- Berenson-Allen Center for Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Institut Universitari de Neurorehabilitació Guttmann-UAB, Badalona, Spain
| | - David Bartrés-Faz
- Departament de Psiquiatria i Psicobiologia Clínica, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain.
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Horga G, Parellada E, Lomeña F, Fernández-Egea E, Mané A, Font M, Falcón C, Konova AB, Pavia J, Ros D, Bernardo M. Differential brain glucose metabolic patterns in antipsychotic-naïve first-episode schizophrenia with and without auditory verbal hallucinations. J Psychiatry Neurosci 2011; 36:312-21. [PMID: 21266125 PMCID: PMC3163647 DOI: 10.1503/jpn.100085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Auditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs) are a core symptom of schizophrenia. Previous reports on neural activity patterns associated with AVHs are inconsistent, arguably owing to the lack of an adequate control group (i.e., patients with similar characteristics but without AVHs) and neglect of the potential confounding effects of medication. METHODS The current study was conducted in a homogeneous group of patients with schizophrenia to assess whether the presence or absence of AVHs was associated with differential regional cerebral glucose metabolic patterns. We investigated differences between patients with commenting AVHs and patients without AVHs among a group of dextral antipsychotic-naive inpatients with acute first-episode schizophrenia examined with [(18)F]fluoro-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) at rest. Univariate and multivariate approaches were used to establish between-group differences. RESULTS We included 9 patients with AVHs and 7 patients without AVHs in this study. Patients experiencing AVHs during FDG uptake had significantly higher metabolic rates in the left superior and middle temporal cortices, bilateral superior medial frontal cortex and left caudate nucleus (cluster level p < 0.005, family wise error-corrected, and bootstrap ratio > 3.3, respectively). Additionally, the multivariate method identified hippocampal-parahippocampal, cerebellar and parietal relative hypoactivity during AVHs in both hemispheres (bootstrap ratio < -3.3). LIMITATIONS The FDG-PET imaging technique does not provide information regarding the temporal course of neural activity. The limited sample size may have increased the risk of false-negative findings. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that AVHs in patients with schizophrenia may be mediated by an alteration of neural pathways responsible for normal language function. Our findings also point to the potential role of the dominant caudate nucleus and the parahippocampal gyri in the pathophysiology of AVHs. We discuss the relevance of phenomenology-based grouping in the study of AVHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Horga
- Clinic Schizophrenia Program, Psychiatry Department, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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Fernández S, Donaire A, Maestro I, Seres E, Setoain X, Bargalló N, Rumià J, Boget T, Falcón C, Carreño M. Functional neuroimaging in startle epilepsy: Involvement of a mesial frontoparietal network. Epilepsia 2011; 52:1725-32. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2011.03172.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Pino F, Roé N, Orero A, Falcón C, Rojas S, Benlloch JM, Ros D, Pavía J. Development of a variable-radius pinhole SPECT system with a portable gamma camera. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 30:286-91. [PMID: 21640439 DOI: 10.1016/j.remn.2011.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2011] [Accepted: 03/02/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop a small-animal SPECT system using a low cost commercial portable gamma camera equipped with a pinhole collimator, a continuous scintillation crystal and a position-sensitive photomultiplier tube. MATERIAL AND METHODS The gamma camera was attached to a variable radius system, which enabled us to optimize sensitivity and resolution by adjusting the radius of rotation to the size of the object. To investigate the capability of the SPECT system for small animal imaging, the dependence of resolution and calibration parameters on radius was assessed and acquisitions of small phantoms and mice were carried out. RESULTS Resolution values, ranging from 1.0mm for a radius of 21.4mm and 1.4mm for a radius of 37.2mm were obtained, thereby justifying the interest of a variable radius SPECT system. CONCLUSIONS The image quality of phantoms and animals were satisfactory, thus confirming the usefulness of the system for small animal SPECT imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Pino
- Unitat de Biofísica, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain.
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Padilla N, Falcón C, Sanz-Cortés M, Figueras F, Bargallo N, Crispi F, Eixarch E, Arranz A, Botet F, Gratacós E. Differential effects of intrauterine growth restriction on brain structure and development in preterm infants: A magnetic resonance imaging study. Brain Res 2011; 1382:98-108. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2011.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2010] [Revised: 01/10/2011] [Accepted: 01/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Castro-Fornieles J, Caldú X, Andrés-Perpiñá S, Lázaro L, Bargalló N, Falcón C, Plana MT, Junqué C. A cross-sectional and follow-up functional MRI study with a working memory task in adolescent anorexia nervosa. Neuropsychologia 2010; 48:4111-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2010.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2010] [Revised: 09/07/2010] [Accepted: 10/01/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Serra-Grabulosa JM, Adan A, Falcón C, Bargalló N. Glucose and caffeine effects on sustained attention: an exploratory fMRI study. Hum Psychopharmacol 2010; 25:543-52. [PMID: 21312288 DOI: 10.1002/hup.1150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2010] [Accepted: 08/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Caffeine and glucose can have beneficial effects on cognitive performance. However, neural basis of these effects remain unknown. Our objective was to evaluate the effects of caffeine and glucose on sustained attention, using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). METHODS Forty young right-handed, healthy, low caffeine-consuming subjects participated in the study. In a double-blind, randomised design, subjects received one of the following beverages: vehicle (water, 150 ml); vehicle plus 75 g of glucose; vehicle plus 75 mg of caffeine; vehicle plus 75 g of glucose and 75 mg of caffeine. Participants underwent two scanning fMRI sessions (before and 30 min after of the administration of the beverage). A continuous performance test was used to assess sustained attention. RESULTS Participants who received combined caffeine and glucose had similar performance to the others but had a decrease in activation in the bilateral parietal and left prefrontal cortex. CONCLUSIONS Since these areas have been related to the sustained attention and working memory processes, results would suggest that combined caffeine and glucose could increase the efficiency of the attentional system. However, more studies using larger samples and different levels of caffeine and glucose are necessary to better understand the combined effects of both substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josep M Serra-Grabulosa
- Departament de Psiquiatria i Psicobiologia Clínica, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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Castro-Fornieles J, Garcia AI, Lazaro L, Andrés-Perpiñá S, Falcón C, Plana MT, Bargallo N. Prefrontal brain metabolites in short-term weight-recovered adolescent anorexia nervosa patients. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2010; 34:1049-53. [PMID: 20580920 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2010.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2010] [Revised: 05/19/2010] [Accepted: 05/19/2010] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Various neuroimaging techniques have revealed morphological and functional alterations in anorexia nervosa (AN), although few spectroscopic magnetic resonance studies have examined short-term weight-recovered AN patients. Subjects were 32 female adolescent patients (between 13 and 18 years old) seen consecutively in our department and who met DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for AN. All of them had received a minimum of six months of treatment and were short-term weight-recovered (for one to three months) with a body mass index ranging from 18 to 23. A group of 20 healthy female volunteer controls of similar age were also included. All subjects were assessed with psychopathological scales and magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Total choline (Cho) (p=0.007) and creatine (Cr) (p=0.008) levels were significantly higher in AN patients than in controls. AN patients receiving psychopharmacological treatment with SSRIs (N=9) had metabolite levels similar to control subjects, but patients without this treatment did not. The present study shows abnormalities in brain neurometabolites related to Cho compounds and Cr in the prefrontal cortex in short-term weight-recovered adolescent AN patients, principally in patients not undergoing psychopharmacological treatment. More studies with larger samples are necessary to test the generalizability of the present results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josefina Castro-Fornieles
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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Segura B, Jurado MA, Freixenet N, Falcón C, Junqué C, Arboix A. Microstructural white matter changes in metabolic syndrome: a diffusion tensor imaging study. Neurology 2009; 73:438-44. [PMID: 19667318 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0b013e3181b163cd] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although metabolic syndrome is associated with cardiovascular disease and stroke, limited information is available on specific brain damage in patients with this syndrome. We investigated the relationship of the syndrome with white matter (WM) alteration using a voxel-based approach with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). METHODS We compared fractional anisotropy (FA) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measurements of DTI in 19 patients with metabolic syndrome aged between 50 and 80 years and 19 age-matched controls without any vascular risk factors for the syndrome. RESULTS Patients with metabolic syndrome showed an anterior-posterior pattern of deterioration in WM with reduced FA and increased ADC values compared with controls. WM changes were not related to any isolated vascular risk factor. CONCLUSION Although the mechanism of this damage is not clear, the results indicate microstructural white matter alterations in patients with metabolic syndrome, mainly involving the frontal lobe.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Segura
- Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Menéndez-Colino LM, Traserra J, Falcón C, Berenguer J, Pujol T, Doménech J, Bernal-Sprekelsen M. Resultados en el estudio del córtex auditivo mediante resonancia magnética funcional (I): características generales y resultados individuales. Acta Otorrinolaringológica Española 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0001-6519(09)71225-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Bosch B, Bartrés-Faz D, Rami L, Arenaza-Urquijo EM, Fernández-Espejo D, Junqué C, Solé-Padullés C, Sánchez-Valle R, Bargalló N, Falcón C, Molinuevo JL. Cognitive reserve modulates task-induced activations and deactivations in healthy elders, amnestic mild cognitive impairment and mild Alzheimer's disease. Cortex 2009; 46:451-61. [PMID: 19560134 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2009.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2008] [Revised: 04/20/2009] [Accepted: 05/06/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cognitive reserve (CR) reflects the capacity of the brain to endure neuropathology in order to minimize clinical manifestations. Previous studies showed that CR modulates the patterns of brain activity in both healthy and clinical populations. In the present study we sought to determine whether reorganizations of functional brain resources linked to CR could already be observed in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (a-MCI) and mild Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients when performing a task corresponding to an unaffected cognitive domain. We further investigated if activity in regions showing task-induced deactivations, usually identified as pertaining to the default-mode network (DMN), was also influenced by CR. METHODS Fifteen healthy elders, 15 a-MCI and 15 AD patients underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during a speech comprehension task. Differences in the regression of slopes between CR proxies and blood-oxygen-level dependent (BOLD) signals across clinical groups were investigated for activation and deactivation areas. Correlations between significant fMRI results and a language comprehension test were also computed. RESULTS Among a-MCI and AD we observed positive correlations between CR measures and BOLD signals in task-induced activation areas directly processing speech, as well as greater deactivations in regions of the DMN. These relationships were inverted in healthy elders. We found no evidence that these results were mediated by gray matter volumes. Increased activity in left frontal areas and decreased activity in the anterior cingulate were related to better language comprehension in clinical evaluations. CONCLUSIONS The present findings provide evidence that the neurofunctional reorganizations related to CR among a-MCI and AD patients can be seen even when considering a preserved cognitive domain, being independent of gray matter atrophy. Areas showing both task-induced activations and deactivations are modulated by CR in an opposite manner when considering healthy elders versus patients. Brain reorganizations facilitated by CR may reflect behavioral compensatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Bosch
- Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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Menéndez-Colino LM, Traserra J, Falcón C, Berenguer J, Pujol T, Doménech J, Bernal-Sprekelsen M. [Results of a functional magnetic resonance study of the primary auditory cortex (I): general characteristics and individual outcomes]. Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp 2009; 60:160-168. [PMID: 19558901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To demonstrate and investigate the activation patterns of the primary auditory cortex (Heschl's gyrus) using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). MATERIAL AND METHODS Pure tone stimuli at 750 Hz and 2000 Hz were delivered to the right and left ear of 32 normal-hearing volunteers (18-49 years old) in 20-second on-off cycles. The fMRI data were obtained using a 1.5 Tesla scanner and processed with SPM2. RESULTS For both tone frequencies, bilateral hemispheric activation was identified in the transverse temporal gyrus (Heschl's gyrus) in 29 subjects (90.62 %) in response to pure tone stimuli with a probability level of p < 0.001. For monaural stimulation, bilateral hemispheric activation was observed with generally greater extent of activation in the Heschl's gyrus (HG) contralateral to the stimulated ear. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that fMRI is a useful imaging technique to investigate the auditory cortex. The contralateral auditory cortex is more responsive than the ipsilateral cortex to tones presented monaurally.
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Bartrés-Faz D, Solé-Padullés C, Junqué C, Rami L, Bosch B, Bargalló N, Falcón C, Sánchez-Valle R, Molinuevo JL. Interactions of cognitive reserve with regional brain anatomy and brain function during a working memory task in healthy elders. Biol Psychol 2009; 80:256-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2008.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2008] [Revised: 10/10/2008] [Accepted: 10/19/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Crespo C, Gallego J, Cot A, Falcón C, Bullich S, Pareto D, Aguiar P, Sempau J, Lomeña F, Calviño F, Pavía J, Ros D. Quantification of dopaminergic neurotransmission SPECT studies with 123I-labelled radioligands. A comparison between different imaging systems and data acquisition protocols using Monte Carlo simulation. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2008; 35:1334-42. [DOI: 10.1007/s00259-007-0711-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2007] [Accepted: 12/26/2007] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Aguiar P, Pareto D, Gispert JD, Crespo C, Falcón C, Cot A, Lomeña F, Pavía J, Ros D. Effect of anatomical variability, reconstruction algorithms and scattered photons on the SPM output of brain PET studies. Neuroimage 2007; 39:1121-8. [PMID: 18042402 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.09.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2007] [Revised: 09/09/2007] [Accepted: 09/22/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Statistical parametric mapping (SPM) has become the standard technique to statistically evaluate differences between functional images. The aim of this paper was to assess the effect of anatomical variability of skull, the reconstruction algorithm and the scattering of photons in the brain on the output of an SPM analysis of brain PET studies. To this end, Monte Carlo simulation was used to generate suitable PET sinograms and bootstrap techniques were employed to increase the reliability of the conclusions. Activity distribution maps were obtained by segmenting thirty nine T1-weighted magnetic resonance images. Foci were placed on the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) and the superior temporal cortex (STC) and activation factors ranging between -25% and +25% were simulated. Preprocessing of the reconstructed images and statistical analysis were performed using SPM2. Our findings show that intersubject anatomical differences can cause the minimum sample size to increase between 10 and 42% for posterior cingulate Cortex and between 40 and 80% for superior temporal cortex. Ideal scatter correction (ISC) allowed us to diminish the sample size up to 18% and fully 3D reconstruction reduced the minimum sample size between 8 and 33%. Detection sensitivity was higher for hypo-activation than for hyper-activation situations and higher for superior temporal cortex than for posterior cingulate cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Aguiar
- Unitat Biofísica, Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques I, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona--IDIBAPS, Spain
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