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Mondanaro A, Di Febbraro M, Castiglione S, Melchionna M, Serio C, Girardi G, Belfiore AM, Raia P.
ENphylo
: A new method to model the distribution of extremely rare species. Methods Ecol Evol 2023. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.14066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mirko Di Febbraro
- Department of Biosciences and Territory University of Molise Pesche Italy
| | - Silvia Castiglione
- Department of Earth Sciences, Environment and Resources University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
| | - Marina Melchionna
- Department of Earth Sciences, Environment and Resources University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
| | - Carmela Serio
- Research Centre in Evolutionary Anthropology and Palaeoecology, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences Liverpool John Moores University Liverpool UK
| | - Giorgia Girardi
- Department of Earth Sciences, Environment and Resources University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
| | - Arianna Morena Belfiore
- Department of Earth Sciences, Environment and Resources University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
| | - Pasquale Raia
- Department of Earth Sciences, Environment and Resources University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
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Castiglione S, Mondanaro A, Di Febbraro M, Melchionna M, Serio C, Girardi G, Belfiore AM, Raia P. Testing for changes in rate of evolution and position of the climatic niche of clades. Mamm Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/mam.12303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Castiglione
- Department of Earth Sciences, Environment and Resources University of Naples Federico II 80138 Naples Italy
| | | | - Mirko Di Febbraro
- Department of Biosciences and Territory University of Molise C. da Fonte Lappone, 15 86090 Pesche IS Italy
| | - Marina Melchionna
- Department of Earth Sciences, Environment and Resources University of Naples Federico II 80138 Naples Italy
| | - Carmela Serio
- Research Centre in Evolutionary Anthropology and Palaeoecology, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences Liverpool John Moores University Liverpool UK
| | - Giorgia Girardi
- Department of Earth Sciences, Environment and Resources University of Naples Federico II 80138 Naples Italy
| | - Arianna Morena Belfiore
- Department of Earth Sciences, Environment and Resources University of Naples Federico II 80138 Naples Italy
| | - Pasquale Raia
- Department of Earth Sciences, Environment and Resources University of Naples Federico II 80138 Naples Italy
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Castiglione S, Serio C, Tamagnini D, Melchionna M, Mondanaro A, Di Febbraro M, Profico A, Piras P, Barattolo F, Raia P. Correction: A new, fast method to search for morphological convergence with shape data. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0252264. [PMID: 34015026 PMCID: PMC8136625 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Castiglione S, Serio C, Piccolo M, Mondanaro A, Melchionna M, Di Febbraro M, Sansalone G, Wroe S, Raia P. The influence of domestication, insularity and sociality on the tempo and mode of brain size evolution in mammals. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blaa186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The ability to develop complex social bonds and an increased capacity for behavioural flexibility in novel environments have both been forwarded as selective forces favouring the evolution of a large brain in mammals. However, large brains are energetically expensive, and in circumstances in which selective pressures are relaxed, e.g. on islands, smaller brains are selected for. Similar reasoning has been offered to explain the reduction of brain size in domestic species relative to their wild relatives. Herein, we assess the effect of domestication, insularity and sociality on brain size evolution at the macroevolutionary scale. Our results are based on analyses of a 426-taxon tree, including both wild species and domestic breeds. We further develop the phylogenetic ridge regression comparative method (RRphylo) to work with discrete variables and compare the rates (tempo) and direction (mode) of brain size evolution among categories within each of three factors (sociality, insularity and domestication). The common assertion that domestication increases the rate of brain size evolution holds true. The same does not apply to insularity. We also find support for the suggested but previously untested hypothesis that species living in medium-sized groups exhibit faster rates of brain size evolution than either solitary or herding taxa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Castiglione
- Department of Earth Sciences, Environment and Resources, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Carmela Serio
- Research Centre in Evolutionary Anthropology and Palaeoecology, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Martina Piccolo
- Department of Earth Sciences, Environment and Resources, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Alessandro Mondanaro
- Department of Earth Sciences, Environment and Resources, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Marina Melchionna
- Department of Earth Sciences, Environment and Resources, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Mirko Di Febbraro
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, C. da Fonte Lappone, 15, Pesche, IS, Italy
| | - Gabriele Sansalone
- Function, Evolution & Anatomy Research Lab, Zoology Division, School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia
| | - Stephen Wroe
- Function, Evolution & Anatomy Research Lab, Zoology Division, School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia
| | - Pasquale Raia
- Department of Earth Sciences, Environment and Resources, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
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5
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Mondanaro A, Melchionna M, Di Febbraro M, Castiglione S, Holden PB, Edwards NR, Carotenuto F, Maiorano L, Modafferi M, Serio C, Diniz-Filho JAF, Rangel T, Rook L, O'Higgins P, Spikins P, Profico A, Raia P. A Major Change in Rate of Climate Niche Envelope Evolution during Hominid History. iScience 2020; 23:101693. [PMID: 33163945 PMCID: PMC7607486 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Homo sapiens is the only species alive able to take advantage of its cognitive abilities to inhabit almost all environments on Earth. Humans are able to culturally construct, rather than biologically inherit, their occupied climatic niche to a degree unparalleled within the animal kingdom. Precisely, when hominins acquired such an ability remains unknown, and scholars disagree on the extent to which our ancestors shared this same ability. Here, we settle this issue using fine-grained paleoclimatic data, extensive archaeological data, and phylogenetic comparative methods. Our results indicate that whereas early hominins were forced to live under physiologically suitable climatic conditions, with the emergence of H. heidelbergensis, the Homo climatic niche expanded beyond its natural limits, despite progressive harshening in global climates. This indicates that technological innovations providing effective exploitation of cold and seasonal habitats predated the emergence of Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens oversteps our ecological niche limits by means of culture The origin of Homo niche-construction ability is unknown We found Homo species other than H. sapiens were able to construct their own niche
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Mondanaro
- Department of Earth, Environmental and Resources Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples 80126, Italy.,Department of Earth Science. University of Florence, Florence 50121, Italy
| | - Marina Melchionna
- Department of Earth, Environmental and Resources Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples 80126, Italy
| | - Mirko Di Febbraro
- Department of Bioscience and Territory. University of Molise, Pesche, Isernia 86090, Italy
| | - Silvia Castiglione
- Department of Earth, Environmental and Resources Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples 80126, Italy
| | - Philip B Holden
- School of Environment, Earth and Ecosystem Sciences, The Open University, Milton Keynes MK7 6BJ, UK
| | - Neil R Edwards
- School of Environment, Earth and Ecosystem Sciences, The Open University, Milton Keynes MK7 6BJ, UK
| | - Francesco Carotenuto
- Department of Earth, Environmental and Resources Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples 80126, Italy
| | - Luigi Maiorano
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies Charles Darwin, University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Maria Modafferi
- Department of Earth, Environmental and Resources Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples 80126, Italy
| | - Carmela Serio
- Research Centre in Evolutionary Anthropology and Palaeoecology, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK
| | - Josè A F Diniz-Filho
- Department of Ecology, ICB, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia 74968-755, Brasil
| | - Thiago Rangel
- Department of Ecology, ICB, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia 74968-755, Brasil
| | - Lorenzo Rook
- Department of Earth Science. University of Florence, Florence 50121, Italy
| | - Paul O'Higgins
- Department of Archaeology and Hull York Medical School, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Penny Spikins
- Department of Archaeology and Hull York Medical School, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Antonio Profico
- Department of Archaeology and Hull York Medical School, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Pasquale Raia
- Department of Earth, Environmental and Resources Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples 80126, Italy
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Sansalone G, Allen K, Ledogar JA, Ledogar S, Mitchell DR, Profico A, Castiglione S, Melchionna M, Serio C, Mondanaro A, Raia P, Wroe S. Variation in the strength of allometry drives rates of evolution in primate brain shape. Proc Biol Sci 2020; 287:20200807. [PMID: 32635870 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2020.0807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Large brains are a defining feature of primates, as is a clear allometric trend between body mass and brain size. However, important questions on the macroevolution of brain shape in primates remain unanswered. Here we address two: (i), does the relationship between the brain size and its shape follow allometric trends and (ii), is this relationship consistent over evolutionary time? We employ three-dimensional geometric morphometrics and phylogenetic comparative methods to answer these questions, based on a large sample representing 151 species and most primate families. We found two distinct trends regarding the relationship between brain shape and brain size. Hominoidea and Cercopithecinae showed significant evolutionary allometry, whereas no allometric trends were discernible for Strepsirrhini, Colobinae or Platyrrhini. Furthermore, we found that in the taxa characterized by significant allometry, brain shape evolution accelerated, whereas for taxa in which such allometry was absent, the evolution of brain shape decelerated. We conclude that although primates in general are typically described as large-brained, strong allometric effects on brain shape are largely confined to the order's representatives that display more complex behavioural repertoires.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Sansalone
- Function, Evolution and Anatomy Research Lab, Zoology Division, School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, NSW 2351, Armidale, Australia
| | - K Allen
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Anthropology, Washington University in St Louis, Washington, MO, USA
| | - J A Ledogar
- Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - S Ledogar
- Function, Evolution and Anatomy Research Lab, Zoology Division, School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, NSW 2351, Armidale, Australia.,Department of Archaeology and Palaeoanthropology, School of Humanities, University of New England, NSW 2351, Armidale, Australia
| | - D R Mitchell
- Function, Evolution and Anatomy Research Lab, Zoology Division, School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, NSW 2351, Armidale, Australia.,Department of Anthropology, University of Arkansas, Old Main 330, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| | - A Profico
- Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italy
| | - S Castiglione
- Department of Earth Sciences, Environment and Resources, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, L.go San Marcellino 10, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - M Melchionna
- Department of Earth Sciences, Environment and Resources, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, L.go San Marcellino 10, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - C Serio
- Department of Earth Sciences, Environment and Resources, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, L.go San Marcellino 10, 80138, Naples, Italy.,Research Centre in Evolutionary Anthropology and Palaeoecology, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - A Mondanaro
- Department of Earth Sciences, Environment and Resources, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, L.go San Marcellino 10, 80138, Naples, Italy.,Department of Earth Sciences, University of Florence, Italy
| | - P Raia
- Department of Earth Sciences, Environment and Resources, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, L.go San Marcellino 10, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - S Wroe
- Function, Evolution and Anatomy Research Lab, Zoology Division, School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, NSW 2351, Armidale, Australia
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Carotenuto F, Di Febbraro M, Mondanaro A, Castiglione S, Serio C, Melchionna M, Rook L, Raia P. MInOSSE: A new method to reconstruct geographic ranges of fossil species. Methods Ecol Evol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.13423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Carotenuto
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra dell'Ambiente e delle RisorseUniversità degli Studi di Napoli Federico Napoli Italy
| | - Mirko Di Febbraro
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze e Territorio University of Molise Campobasso Italy
| | | | - Silvia Castiglione
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra dell'Ambiente e delle RisorseUniversità degli Studi di Napoli Federico Napoli Italy
| | - Carmela Serio
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra dell'Ambiente e delle RisorseUniversità degli Studi di Napoli Federico Napoli Italy
| | - Marina Melchionna
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra dell'Ambiente e delle RisorseUniversità degli Studi di Napoli Federico Napoli Italy
| | - Lorenzo Rook
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra Università di Firenze Firenze Italy
| | - Pasquale Raia
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra dell'Ambiente e delle RisorseUniversità degli Studi di Napoli Federico Napoli Italy
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Silvestro D, Castiglione S, Mondanaro A, Serio C, Melchionna M, Piras P, Di Febbraro M, Carotenuto F, Rook L, Raia P. A 450 million years long latitudinal gradient in age-dependent extinction. Ecol Lett 2019; 23:439-446. [PMID: 31854097 PMCID: PMC7027860 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Leigh Van Valen famously stated that under constant conditions extinction probability is independent of species age. To test this 'law of constant extinction', we developed a new method using deep learning to infer age‐dependent extinction and analysed 450 myr of marine life across 21 invertebrate clades. We show that extinction rate significantly decreases with age in > 90% of the cases, indicating that most species died out soon after their appearance while those which survived experienced ever decreasing extinction risk. This age‐dependent extinction pattern is stronger towards the Equator and holds true when the potential effects of mass extinctions and taxonomic inflation are accounted for. These results suggest that the effect of biological interactions on age‐dependent extinction rate is more intense towards the tropics. We propose that the latitudinal diversity gradient and selection at the species level account for this exceptional, yet little recognised, macroevolutionary and macroecological pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Silvestro
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Silvia Castiglione
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell'Ambiente e delle Risorse, Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cinthia, 21, 80126, Napoli, Italy
| | - Alessandro Mondanaro
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell'Ambiente e delle Risorse, Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cinthia, 21, 80126, Napoli, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Via G. La Pira, 4, 50121, Firenze, Italy
| | - Carmela Serio
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell'Ambiente e delle Risorse, Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cinthia, 21, 80126, Napoli, Italy
| | - Marina Melchionna
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell'Ambiente e delle Risorse, Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cinthia, 21, 80126, Napoli, Italy
| | - Paolo Piras
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cardiovascolari, Respiratorie, Nefrologiche, Anestesiologiche e Geriatriche, "Sapienza", Rome, Italy.,Dipartimento di Ingegneria Strutturale e Geotecnica, Sapienza, Università di Roma, Via Eudossiana 18, 00100, Rome, Italy.,Università di Roma, Via del Policlinico 155, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Mirko Di Febbraro
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze e Territorio, University of Molise, C. da Fonte Lappone 15, 86090, Pesche, IS, Italy
| | - Francesco Carotenuto
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell'Ambiente e delle Risorse, Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cinthia, 21, 80126, Napoli, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Rook
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Via G. La Pira, 4, 50121, Firenze, Italy
| | - Pasquale Raia
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell'Ambiente e delle Risorse, Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cinthia, 21, 80126, Napoli, Italy
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Melchionna M, Mondanaro A, Serio C, Castiglione S, Di Febbraro M, Rook L, Diniz-Filho JAF, Manzi G, Profico A, Sansalone G, Raia P. Macroevolutionary trends of brain mass in Primates. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blz161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A distinctive trait in primate evolution is the expansion in brain mass. The potential drivers of this trend and how and whether encephalization influenced diversification dynamics in this group are hotly debated. We assembled a phylogeny accounting for 317 primate species, including both extant and extinct taxa, to identify macroevolutionary trends in brain mass evolution. Our findings show that Primates as a whole follow a macroevolutionary trend for an increase in body mass, relative brain mass and speciation rate over time. Although the trend for increased encephalization (brain mass) applies to all Primates, hominins stand out for their distinctly higher rates. Within hominins, this unique trend applies linearly over time and starts with Australopithecus africanus. The increases in both speciation rate and encephalization begin in the Oligocene, suggesting the two variables are causally associated. The substitution of early, stem Primates belonging to plesiadapiforms with crown Primates seems to be responsible for these macroevolutionary trends. However, our findings also suggest that cognitive capacities favoured speciation in hominins.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Melchionna
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell’Ambiente e delle Risorse, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Italy
| | - A Mondanaro
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell’Ambiente e delle Risorse, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Italy
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Florence, Italy
| | - C Serio
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell’Ambiente e delle Risorse, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Italy
| | - S Castiglione
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell’Ambiente e delle Risorse, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Italy
| | - M Di Febbraro
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze e Territorio, University of Molise, C. da Fonte Lappone, 15, 86090 Pesche, IS, Italy
| | - L Rook
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Florence, Italy
| | - J A F Diniz-Filho
- Departamento de Ecologia, ICB, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - G Manzi
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - A Profico
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - G Sansalone
- Department of Environmental and Rural Sciences, FEARlab, University of New England, Armidale, 2351, NSW, Australia
| | - P Raia
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell’Ambiente e delle Risorse, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Italy
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Serio C, Castiglione S, Tesone G, Piccolo M, Melchionna M, Mondanaro A, Di Febbraro M, Raia P. Macroevolution of Toothed Whales Exceptional Relative Brain Size. Evol Biol 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11692-019-09485-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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12
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Dipineto L, Raia P, Varriale L, Borrelli L, Botta V, Serio C, Capasso M, Rinaldi L. Bacteria and parasites in Podarcis sicula and P. sicula klemmerii. BMC Vet Res 2018; 14:392. [PMID: 30526580 PMCID: PMC6288892 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-018-1708-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background New epidemiological data on bacterial and parasitic infections in 24 Italian wall lizards, namely Podarcis sicula (mainland population) and P. sicula klemmerii (insular population) in southern Italy were provided. To achieve this goal, samples were collected from individuals belonging to the two populations and analysed by microbiological and parasitological methods. Results A wide range of bacteria (e.g. Pantoea spp., Citrobacter spp., Morganella spp., Pseudomonas, Enterobacter spp., Staphylococcus spp. and Escherichia coli) and parasites (e.g. Ophionyssus natricis, coccidia, Dicrocoelidae) were detected in both P. sicula and P. sicula klemmerii individuals. Insular population presented similar bacterial and parasitic diversity to its mainland counterpart. Ampicillin was the antimicrobial with the highest resistance rate. Conclusion This study highlighted various bacteria and parasites, some of them potentially zoonotic. Further studies are needed to better understand the epidemiology and transmission routes of these pathogens along with their impact on the welfare and behaviour of Italian wall lizards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludovico Dipineto
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Produzioni Animali, Università di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy.
| | - Pasquale Raia
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell'Ambiente e delle Risorse, Università di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Lorena Varriale
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Produzioni Animali, Università di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Luca Borrelli
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Produzioni Animali, Università di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Vittorio Botta
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Produzioni Animali, Università di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Carmela Serio
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell'Ambiente e delle Risorse, Università di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Capasso
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Produzioni Animali, Università di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Laura Rinaldi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Produzioni Animali, Università di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
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13
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Raia P, Boggioni M, Carotenuto F, Castiglione S, Di Febbraro M, Di Vincenzo F, Melchionna M, Mondanaro A, Papini A, Profico A, Serio C, Veneziano A, Vero VA, Rook L, Meloro C, Manzi G. Unexpectedly rapid evolution of mandibular shape in hominins. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7340. [PMID: 29743608 PMCID: PMC5943523 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25309-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Members of the hominins - namely the so-called 'australopiths' and the species of the genus Homo - are known to possess short and deep mandibles and relatively small incisors and canines. It is commonly assumed that this suite of traits evolved in early members of the clade in response to changing environmental conditions and increased consumption of though food items. With the emergence of Homo, the functional meaning of mandible shape variation is thought to have been weakened by technological advancements and (later) by the control over fire. In contrast to this expectation, we found that mandible shape evolution in hominins is exceptionally rapid as compared to any other primate clade, and that the direction and rate of shape change (from the ape ancestor) are no different between the australopiths and Homo. We deem several factors including the loss of honing complex, canine reduction, and the acquisition of different diets may have concurred in producing such surprisingly high evolutionary rates. This study reveals the evolution of mandibular shape in hominins has strong morpho-functional and ecological significance attached.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Raia
- Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Department of Earth Sciences, Environment and Resources, L.go San Marcellino 10, 80138, Naples, Italy.
| | - M Boggioni
- Università degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza, Department of Environmental Biology, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 5, 00185, Roma, Italy
| | - F Carotenuto
- Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Department of Earth Sciences, Environment and Resources, L.go San Marcellino 10, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - S Castiglione
- Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Department of Earth Sciences, Environment and Resources, L.go San Marcellino 10, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - M Di Febbraro
- Università degli Studi del Molise, Department of Biosciences and The Territory, Contrada Fonte Lappone, 86090, Pesche, Isernia, Italy
| | - F Di Vincenzo
- Università degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza, Department of Environmental Biology, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 5, 00185, Roma, Italy.,Istituto Italiano di Paleontologia Umana, Via Ulisse Aldrovandi, 18, 00197, Roma, Italy
| | - M Melchionna
- Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Department of Earth Sciences, Environment and Resources, L.go San Marcellino 10, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - A Mondanaro
- Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Department of Earth Sciences, Environment and Resources, L.go San Marcellino 10, 80138, Naples, Italy.,Università degli Studi di Firenze, Department of Earth Sciences, Via Giorgio La Pira, 4, 50121, Florence, Italy
| | - A Papini
- Università degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza, Department of Environmental Biology, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 5, 00185, Roma, Italy
| | - A Profico
- Università degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza, Department of Environmental Biology, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 5, 00185, Roma, Italy
| | - C Serio
- Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Department of Earth Sciences, Environment and Resources, L.go San Marcellino 10, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - A Veneziano
- Università degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza, Department of Environmental Biology, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 5, 00185, Roma, Italy
| | - V A Vero
- Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Department of Earth Sciences, Environment and Resources, L.go San Marcellino 10, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - L Rook
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Department of Earth Sciences, Via Giorgio La Pira, 4, 50121, Florence, Italy
| | - C Meloro
- Liverpool John Moores University, School of Natural Science and Psychology, Byrom Street, L3 3AF, Liverpool, UK
| | - G Manzi
- Università degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza, Department of Environmental Biology, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 5, 00185, Roma, Italy
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14
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Rea T, Simeone S, Annunziata M, Serio C, Esposito MR, Gargiulo G, Guillari A. [Effectiveness of the Situation-Background-Assessment-Recommendation (SBAR) methodology in patient handovers between nurses, Italy]. Ig Sanita Pubbl 2018; 74:279-293. [PMID: 30235468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Exchange of information between healthcare professionals involved in the care of patients is essential for providing effective care. Use of the Situation-BackgroundAssessment-Recommendation (SBAR) methodology is increasingly indicated in the health sector to facilitate communication during handovers of patients between clinicians or clinical teams. The present review of the literature aims to determine the effectiveness of the SBAR methodology in the handover of nursing documentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Rea
- Infermiere A.O.U. Federico II, Napoli, Italia
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15
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Castiglione S, Tesone G, Piccolo M, Melchionna M, Mondanaro A, Serio C, Di Febbraro M, Raia P. A new method for testing evolutionary rate variation and shifts in phenotypic evolution. Methods Ecol Evol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.12954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Castiglione
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terradell'Ambiente e delle RisorseUniversità di Napoli “Federico II” Napoli Italy
| | - Gianmarco Tesone
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terradell'Ambiente e delle RisorseUniversità di Napoli “Federico II” Napoli Italy
| | - Martina Piccolo
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terradell'Ambiente e delle RisorseUniversità di Napoli “Federico II” Napoli Italy
| | - Marina Melchionna
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terradell'Ambiente e delle RisorseUniversità di Napoli “Federico II” Napoli Italy
| | - Alessandro Mondanaro
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terradell'Ambiente e delle RisorseUniversità di Napoli “Federico II” Napoli Italy
| | - Carmela Serio
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terradell'Ambiente e delle RisorseUniversità di Napoli “Federico II” Napoli Italy
| | - Mirko Di Febbraro
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze e TerritorioUniversità degli Studi del Molise Pesche, Isernia Italy
| | - Pasquale Raia
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terradell'Ambiente e delle RisorseUniversità di Napoli “Federico II” Napoli Italy
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16
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Castiglione S, Mondanaro A, Melchionna M, Serio C, Di Febbraro M, Carotenuto F, Raia P. Diversification Rates and the Evolution of Species Range Size Frequency Distribution. Front Ecol Evol 2017. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2017.00147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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17
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Raia P, Carotenuto F, Mondanaro A, Castiglione S, Passaro F, Saggese F, Melchionna M, Serio C, Alessio L, Silvestro D, Fortelius M. Progress to extinction: increased specialisation causes the demise of animal clades. Sci Rep 2016; 6:30965. [PMID: 27507121 PMCID: PMC4978992 DOI: 10.1038/srep30965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal clades tend to follow a predictable path of waxing and waning during their existence, regardless of their total species richness or geographic coverage. Clades begin small and undifferentiated, then expand to a peak in diversity and range, only to shift into a rarely broken decline towards extinction. While this trajectory is now well documented and broadly recognised, the reasons underlying it remain obscure. In particular, it is unknown why clade extinction is universal and occurs with such surprising regularity. Current explanations for paleontological extinctions call on the growing costs of biological interactions, geological accidents, evolutionary traps, and mass extinctions. While these are effective causes of extinction, they mainly apply to species, not clades. Although mass extinctions is the undeniable cause for the demise of a sizeable number of major taxa, we show here that clades escaping them go extinct because of the widespread tendency of evolution to produce increasingly specialised, sympatric, and geographically restricted species over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Raia
- Department of Earth Science, Environment and Resources, University of Naples Federico II, 80138 Napoli, Italy
| | - F Carotenuto
- Department of Earth Science, Environment and Resources, University of Naples Federico II, 80138 Napoli, Italy
| | - A Mondanaro
- Department of Earth Science, Environment and Resources, University of Naples Federico II, 80138 Napoli, Italy
| | - S Castiglione
- Department of Earth Science, Environment and Resources, University of Naples Federico II, 80138 Napoli, Italy
| | - F Passaro
- Department of Earth Science, Environment and Resources, University of Naples Federico II, 80138 Napoli, Italy
| | - F Saggese
- Department of Earth Science, Environment and Resources, University of Naples Federico II, 80138 Napoli, Italy
| | - M Melchionna
- Department of Earth Science, Environment and Resources, University of Naples Federico II, 80138 Napoli, Italy
| | - C Serio
- Department of Earth Science, Environment and Resources, University of Naples Federico II, 80138 Napoli, Italy
| | - L Alessio
- Department of Earth Science, Environment and Resources, University of Naples Federico II, 80138 Napoli, Italy
| | - D Silvestro
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, 413 19 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - M Fortelius
- Department of Geosciences and Geography, P.O. Box 64, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland.,Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1066 Blindern, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway
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18
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Nicchia A, Paradiso F, Russo C, Saturnino P, Serio C. Surveillance of surgical site infection. Eur J Hosp Pharm 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/ejhpharm-2012-000074.235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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19
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21
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Serio C, Lubrano AM, Romano F, Shimoda H. Cloud Detection Over Sea Surface by use of Autocorrelation Functions of Upwelling Infrared Spectra in the 800-900-cm(-1) Window Region. Appl Opt 2000; 39:3565-3572. [PMID: 18349927 DOI: 10.1364/ao.39.003565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A new algorithm for cloud detection over sea surface has been developed that makes use of autocorrelation and cross correlation between a real spectrum and either a synthetic or a laboratory spectrum. The scheme is intended for high-spectral-resolution satelliteborne infrared sensors that will measure the Earth's entire emission spectrum rather than the upwelling radiance in a few channels. A new index is defined with which one can determine quantitatively the degree of homogeneity of two spectra in the 800-900-cm(-1) (11.11-12.5 mum) window region. The index makes use of only the observed spectrum along with a reference synthetic spectrum and, therefore, may form the basis for an operational stand-alone cloud-detection algorithm for next-generation high-spectral-resolution infrared sensors. Application both to synthetic spectra obtained in simulation and to sea-surface real spectra recorded through the interferometric monitor for greenhouse gases is considered.
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Amato U, De Canditiis D, Serio C. Effect of apodization on the retrieval of geophysical parameters from fourier-transform spectrometers. Appl Opt 1998; 37:6537-6543. [PMID: 18286162 DOI: 10.1364/ao.37.006537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The problem of the effect of apodization on the retrieval of geophysical parameters from infrared radiances recorded by Fourier transform spectrometers has been analytically and numerically addressed. Exploiting a matrix representation of apodization, we first derive a general analytical expression for the apodized covariance matrix and then show that apodization, when properly applied, has no effect on retrievals. The methodology has been applied to investigate the effect of Gaussian apodization on the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer currently under development at the laboratories of the French Space Agency.
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23
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Amato U, Di Bello D, Esposito F, Serio C, Pavese G, Romano F. Intercomparing the Twomey method with a multimodal lognormal approach to retrieve the aerosol size distribution. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1029/95jd02603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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24
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Esposito F, Serio C, Horvath H, Romano F. Vertical and horizontal aerosol spectral extinction at a rural location in southern Italy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1029/96jd00696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Abstract
Retrieval of the aerosol size distribution from optical measurements at ground level is well known to be a difficult problem. Nowadays objective techniques that can give a solution without the intervention of the researcher do not exist. We propose several objective methods that are well based in the mathematical and physical points of view. Their accuracy is evaluated and the top performance of the objective inversion techniques is presented. Moreover physical and experimental suggestions can be drawn to improve the accuracy. Inversions with experimental optical depths are also shown.
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Macchiato M, Serio C, Lapenna V, La Rotonda L. Parametric Time Series Analysis of Cold and Hot Spells in Daily Temperature: An Application in Southern Italy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1993. [DOI: 10.1175/1520-0450(1993)032<1270:ptsaoc>2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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28
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Amato U, Cuomo V, Fontana F, Serio C. Statistical Predictability and Parametric Models of Daily Ambient Temperature and Solar Irradiance: An Analysis in the Italian Climate. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1989. [DOI: 10.1175/1520-0450(1989)028<0711:spapmo>2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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29
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Goi G, Fabi A, Lombardo A, Bairati C, Bovati L, Burlina AB, Agosti S, Serio C, Tettamanti G. The lysosomal beta-D-N-acetylglucosaminidase isozymes in human plasma during pregnancy: separation and quantification by a simple automated procedure. Clin Chim Acta 1989; 179:327-40. [PMID: 2714006 DOI: 10.1016/0009-8981(89)90096-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
beta-D-N-Acetylglucosaminidase isozymes were separated and assayed in the plasma of control healthy individuals and pregnant women by an automated method consisting in chromatofocusing on polybuffer exchanger PBE-94 column, flow-through fluorimetric determination of activity and computer assisted quantification. Under the established optimal conditions the method fractionated beta-D-N-acetylglucosaminidase into four isozymes. A, I2, I1 and B, with the analytical coefficients of variation of 1.8, 2.2, 6.4 and 4.1%, respectively. Duration of a single analysis was 25 min including washing, and 10-15 successive runs could be performed on the same column with good reproducibility. A linear activity response was observed from 1-5 microliters of plasma (depending on the individual isozyme) to 50 microliters, and the detection limit was 0.016 mUnits. Isozyme A was heat labile. Upon sialidase treatment, isozymes A, I2 and I1 released sialic acid and were eluted from the column at less acidic pHs. In healthy individuals isozymes A, I2, I1 and B covered about 62.8, 6.9, 15.0 and 15.1% of the total beta-D-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase activity, respectively. During pregnancy the plasma concentration of all isozymes increased. Isozyme I2 showed the highest enhancement (30-fold), followed by I1 (8-fold), B (5.6-fold) and A (3-fold). Interruption of pregnancy by either physiological delivery or ambulatory abortion was followed by a sharp fall of the concentration of all isozymes reaching, in a few days, the control levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Goi
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Milan, Italy
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Amato U, Cuomo V, Guzzi R, Macchiato M, Rizzi R, Serio C. A simple method to calculate average spectra of clear sky solar radiation and their dependence on the atmospheric parameters. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1985. [DOI: 10.1051/rphysap:01985002002010900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Serio C, Gandour DM, Walker WS. Macrophage functional heterogeneity: evidence for different antibody-dependent effector cell activities and expression of Fc-receptors among macrophage subpopulations. J Reticuloendothel Soc 1979; 25:197-206. [PMID: 439098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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