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Gilchrist CA, Chelimo C, Tatnell R, Atatoa Carr P, Camargo CA, Morton S, Grant CC. Vaccination information fathers receive during pregnancy and determinants of infant vaccination timeliness. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2021; 17:5214-5225. [PMID: 34797748 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2021.1932212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The information fathers receive about infant vaccination may influence their decision to vaccinate. We describe fathers' sources of vaccination information and paternal determinants of timely infant vaccinations. Participants were from a child cohort study in New Zealand. The child cohort was established by enrolling pregnant women and their partners. During pregnancy, fathers (n = 4017) of the cohort children born 2009-2010 described information sources that encouraged or discouraged infant vaccination. The National Immunization Register provided infant vaccination data. Independent associations of the vaccination information received by fathers with the timeliness of their infant's vaccination were determined using multivariable logistic regression. Associations were described using adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. One-third of fathers (1430/4017 [36%]) recalled receiving vaccination information, 64% of which encouraged vaccination. Most infants (2900/4017 [72%]) received all their vaccinations on time, however only 58% of Māori infants were vaccinated on time. Paternal determinants of vaccination timeliness were the father receiving discouraging or conflicting information about vaccination, father's ethnicity, father's vaccination hesitancy, and whether the mother received vaccination information. To improve vaccination uptake and timeliness, a vaccination conversation with mothers, fathers and whānau could be included in routine antenatal care, informing and supporting decision-making, and addressing concerns. Vaccination education should address present and historic distrust of the health system. Framing vaccination within a Māori model of health and including fathers and whānau in decision-making will address vaccination inequities in New Zealand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine A Gilchrist
- Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Carol Chelimo
- Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Ryan Tatnell
- General Paediatrics, Starship Children's Health, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Polly Atatoa Carr
- Growing up in New Zealand, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,National Institute of Demographic and Economic Analysis, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Carlos A Camargo
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Susan Morton
- Growing up in New Zealand, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Centre for Longitudinal Research - He Ara Ki Mua, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Cameron C Grant
- Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,General Paediatrics, Starship Children's Health, Auckland, New Zealand.,Centre for Longitudinal Research - He Ara Ki Mua, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Findlay R, Hamm L, Anstice N, Chelimo C, Grant CC, Bowden N, Kokaua J, Black J. Vision screening in New Zealand pre-school children: Is it equitable? J Paediatr Child Health 2021; 57:1594-1599. [PMID: 33969914 DOI: 10.1111/jpc.15548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to investigate the variability by ethnicity, socio-economic status and location in coverage and testability of the universal B4 School Check vision screening in children aged 4-5 years in New Zealand. METHODS Aggregated data from 1 July 2011 to 30 June 2015 were sourced from the Statistics New Zealand Integrated Data Infrastructure. Sourced data were attendance at vision screening and record of visual acuity measurement stratified by ethnicity, socio-economic status and region. Children who attended screening were compared with the eligible population (n = 252 279) to calculate coverage. Testability was determined by comparing the children with a recorded visual acuity measurement in each eye with those who attended screening. RESULTS Overall vision screening coverage was 89.5% and testability was 97.8%. Ethnic differences were evident for coverage (85.7% in Pacific children, 92.5% in European children) and testability (96.4% in Māori children, 98.4% in European children). Socio-economic differences were also observed for coverage (86.4% in most deprived areas, 92.4% in least deprived), testability (most deprived 96.3%, least deprived 98.7%) and by region (coverage range of 80.4-96.4% and testability range of 93.2-99.3%). CONCLUSIONS Significant disparities exist in vision screening coverage and testability for New Zealand pre-school children. Equity-focused initiatives are required to improve outcomes for children from Māori and Pacific families, and those from households in lower socio-economic areas. Understanding region-specific challenges and successes could support more equitable access to vision screening between regions. Further research is required to determine sources of inequities and to investigate interactions between ethnicity, socio-economic status and location.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Findlay
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Lisa Hamm
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Nicola Anstice
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Caring Futures Institute, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Carol Chelimo
- Department of Paediatrics - Child and Youth Health, School of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Cameron C Grant
- Department of Paediatrics - Child and Youth Health, School of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,General Paediatrics, Starship Children's Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Nicholas Bowden
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Dunedin School of Medicine, Health Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,A Better Start - National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jesse Kokaua
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Dunedin School of Medicine, Health Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,A Better Start - National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand.,Centre for Pacific Health, Va'a O Tautai, Health Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Joanna Black
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Findlay R, Black J, Goodman L, Chelimo C, Grant CC, Anstice N. Diagnostic accuracy of the Parr vision test, single crowded Lea symbols and Spot vision screener for vision screening of preschool children aged 4-5 years in Aotearoa/New Zealand. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2021; 41:541-552. [PMID: 33813777 DOI: 10.1111/opo.12816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Preschool children in New Zealand undergo vision screening to detect amblyopia at 4-5 years of age. The current test, the Parr vision test, does not meet international visual acuity chart guidelines and has not been validated against other commonly used paediatric vision tests. New Zealand vision screening protocols are also not targeted for detecting other eye conditions such as uncorrected refractive error, which may affect school performance. We compared the Parr vision test with the single crowded Lea symbols and the Spot vision screener for detecting ocular pathology, refractive error and amblyopic risk factors in preschool children. METHODS A cross-sectional diagnostic accuracy study recruited children aged 4-5 years via convenience sampling from the University of Auckland Optometry Clinic and through primary schools in Auckland, New Zealand. Participants received vision screening with the three different instruments administered by a lay screener. Comprehensive eye examinations were completed by a paediatric optometrist to determine the presence of vision disorders. RESULTS Of 197 children who received a comprehensive eye examination, 14 (7.1%) had amblyopic risk factors and 43 (21.8%) had significant refractive error (15.7% with astigmatism, 9.1% with hyperopia). The sensitivity for detecting any ocular condition did not differ significantly between the tests (50.0% for Parr, 43.5% for Lea, 42.5% for Spot). Specificity was significantly lower for the Parr vision test (80.8%) than for the Lea symbols (93.4%) and Spot vision screener (98.0%). Adding the Spot vision screener to measurements of visual acuity significantly improved sensitivity in detecting any ocular condition with the Parr vision test (67.5% for Parr/Spot vs 50% for Parr alone), but not with the Lea symbols (52.5% for Lea/Spot vs 43.5% for Lea alone). CONCLUSION The sensitivity of the Parr vision test for detecting ocular conditions in preschool children does not vary significantly from that achieved by the Lea symbols or the Spot vision screener. However, current New Zealand vision screening protocols could be improved by expanding the target conditions to include significant refractive error and incorporating the use of the Spot vision screener to increase the accuracy with which children with refractive error are identified. Future research should include longitudinal studies to determine the effect of preschool vision screening on later ocular and academic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Findlay
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Joanna Black
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Lucy Goodman
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Carol Chelimo
- Department of Paediatrics - Child and Youth Health, School of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Cameron C Grant
- Department of Paediatrics - Child and Youth Health, School of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,General Paediatrics, Starship Children's Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Nicola Anstice
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Caring Futures Institute, College of Nursing and Health Science, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Dubovyi A, Chelimo C, Schierding W, Bisyuk Y, Camargo CA, Grant CC. A systematic review of asthma case definitions in 67 birth cohort studies. Paediatr Respir Rev 2021; 37:89-98. [PMID: 32653466 DOI: 10.1016/j.prrv.2019.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Birth cohort studies are a valuable source of information about potential risk factors for childhood asthma. To better understand similarities and variations in findings between birth cohort studies, the methodologies used to measure asthma require consideration. OBJECTIVE To review and appraise the definitions of "asthma" used in birth cohort studies. METHODS A literature search, conducted in December 2017 in the MEDLINE database and birth cohort repositories, identified 1721 citations published since 1990. Information extracted included: study name, year of publication, sample size, sample age, prevalence of asthma (%), study region, source of information about asthma, measured outcome, and asthma case definition. A meta-analysis evaluated whether asthma prevalence in cohorts from Europe and North America varied by the studies' definition of asthma and by their data sources. RESULTS The final review included 67 birth cohorts, of which 48 (72%) were from Europe, 14 (21%) from North America, 3 (5%) from Oceania, 1 (1%) from Asia and 1 (1%) from South America. We identified three measured outcomes: "asthma ever", "current asthma", and "asthma" without further specification. Definitions of "asthma ever" were primarily based upon an affirmative parental response to the question whether the child had ever been diagnosed with asthma by a physician. The most frequently used definition of "current asthma" was "asthma ever" and either asthma symptoms or asthma medications in the last 12 months. This definition of "current asthma" was used in 16 cohorts. There was no statistically significant difference in the pooled asthma prevalence in European and North American cohorts that used questionnaire alone versus other data sources to classify asthma. CONCLUSION There is substantial heterogeneity in childhood asthma definitions in birth cohort studies. Standardisation of asthma case definitions will improve the comparability and utility of future cohort studies and enable meta-analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Dubovyi
- Centre for Longitudinal Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Department of Paediatrics: Child & Youth Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Carol Chelimo
- Department of Paediatrics: Child & Youth Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Yuriy Bisyuk
- Shupyk National Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Carlos A Camargo
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Cameron C Grant
- Centre for Longitudinal Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Department of Paediatrics: Child & Youth Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; General Paediatrics, Starship Children's Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand.
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McMilin CR, Chelimo C, Camargo CA, Morton SM, Grant CC. HOSPITALISATION TRENDS FOR ACUTE ALLERGIC REACTION IN NEW ZEALAND CHILDREN. J Paediatr Child Health 2020; 56:992-993. [PMID: 32567768 DOI: 10.1111/jpc.14951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Colleen R McMilin
- Department of Health and Human Development, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, United States.,Centre for Longitudinal Research - He Ara ki Mua, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Carol Chelimo
- Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Carlos A Camargo
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Susan Mb Morton
- Centre for Longitudinal Research - He Ara ki Mua, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Cameron C Grant
- Centre for Longitudinal Research - He Ara ki Mua, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Abstract
IMPORTANCE Antibiotic exposures in early life may affect weight by altering gut microbiota, potentially increasing the likelihood of childhood obesity. OBJECTIVE To examine whether repeated antibiotic exposure by age 48 months is associated with higher body mass index (BMI) at age 54 months. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This research was undertaken within a prospective cohort study in New Zealand (Growing Up in New Zealand) that recruited 6853 children antenatally during 2009 to 2010. At the 54-month follow-up, 5734 of 6156 children (93%) had their weight and height measured. Community pharmacy antibiotic dispensing data were obtained from the New Zealand Pharmaceutical Collection database for children whose parents consented to external data linkage. The analytic sample comprised singletons with 54-month weight and height measurements, community antibiotic dispensing and birth weight data, gestational age greater than 27 weeks, and no congenital anomalies. Data analysis took place from 2017 to 2018. EXPOSURES Antibiotic exposure (yes or no), the number of dispensings, age at first exposure, and timing (age) of exposures between birth and age 48 months. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES World Health Organization BMI-for-age z scores; and International Obesity Task Force overweight and obesity cutoff points that pass through adult BMI values of 25 and 30. RESULTS Of the 5128 singletons (2622 [51%] male; mean [SD] birth weight of 3527 [542] g), 4886 (95%) had an antibiotic prescription by age 48 months and 437 (9%) had obesity at age 54 months. Adjusted mean (SE) BMI-for-age z scores increased significantly with the number of antibiotic dispensings for 4 to 6, 7 to 9, and more than 9 dispensings (unexposed, 0.87 [0.09]; 1-3 exposures, 0.92 [0.06] [P = .57]; 4-6 exposures, 1.06 [0.06] [P = .02]; 7-9 exposures, 1.06 [0.06] [P = .02]; >9 exposures, 1.08 [0.05] [P = .01]). Additionally, receiving more than 9 dispensings was associated with greater likelihood of obesity compared with no exposure (adjusted odds ratio, 2.41; 95% CI, 1.07-5.41). Children whose exposure began in the first year of life had a higher adjusted mean (SD) BMI-for-age z score than those not exposed (1.06 [0.05] vs 0.89 [0.09]; P = .03), whereas those whose exposure commenced after the first year of life did not (1.02 [0.06] vs 0.89 [0.09]; P = .10). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this study, repeated antibiotic exposure in early childhood was associated with higher mean BMI-for-age z score and an increased likelihood of obesity. Future research could examine whether interventions such as antibiotic stewardship programs, which are designed to reduce overprescribing of antibiotics, also reduce early childhood obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol Chelimo
- Department of Paediatrics: Child & Youth Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Centre for Longitudinal Research–He Ara Ki Mua, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Carlos A. Camargo
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston
| | - Susan M. B. Morton
- Centre for Longitudinal Research–He Ara Ki Mua, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Cameron C. Grant
- Department of Paediatrics: Child & Youth Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Centre for Longitudinal Research–He Ara Ki Mua, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- General Paediatrics, Starship Children’s Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
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Hobbs MR, Grant CC, Ritchie SR, Chelimo C, Morton SMB, Berry S, Thomas MG. Antibiotic consumption by New Zealand children: exposure is near universal by the age of 5 years. J Antimicrob Chemother 2017; 72:1832-1840. [PMID: 28333294 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkx060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Increasing concerns about antibiotic resistance and microbiome disruption have stimulated interest in describing antibiotic consumption in young children. Young children are an age group for whom antibiotics are frequently prescribed. Objectives To describe community antibiotic dispensing during the first 5 years of life in a large, socioeconomically and ethnically diverse cohort of children, and to determine how antibiotic dispensing varied between population subgroups. Methods This study was performed within the Growing Up in New Zealand longitudinal cohort study ( www.growingup.co.nz ) with linkage to national administrative antibiotic dispensing data. Descriptive statistics and univariate and multivariable associations were determined. Results The 5581 cohort children received 53 052 antibiotic courses, of which 54% were amoxicillin. By age 5 years, 97% of children had received one or more antibiotic courses, and each child had received a median of eight antibiotic courses (IQR 4-13). The mean incidence of antibiotic dispensing was 1.9 courses/child/year. Multivariable negative binomial regression showed that Māori and Pacific children received more antibiotic courses than European children, as did children in the most-deprived compared with the least-deprived areas. A distinct seasonal pattern was noted. Conclusions This study provided a detailed description of antibiotic dispensing within a large and diverse child cohort. Antibiotic exposure was near universal by age 5 years. The predominance of amoxicillin use and the seasonal pattern suggest much antibiotic use may have been for self-limiting respiratory infections. There is a need for safe and effective interventions to improve antibiotic prescribing practices for New Zealand children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark R Hobbs
- Growing Up in New Zealand, Centre for Longitudinal Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Cameron C Grant
- Growing Up in New Zealand, Centre for Longitudinal Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Department of Paediatrics: Child & Youth Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,General Paediatrics, Starship Children's Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Stephen R Ritchie
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Carol Chelimo
- Growing Up in New Zealand, Centre for Longitudinal Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Department of Paediatrics: Child & Youth Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Susan M B Morton
- Growing Up in New Zealand, Centre for Longitudinal Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Sarah Berry
- Growing Up in New Zealand, Centre for Longitudinal Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Mark G Thomas
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Cronin RS, Chelimo C, Mitchell EA, Okesene-Gafa K, Thompson J, Taylor RS, Hutchison BL, McCowan LM. Modification of Maternal Sleep Position to Optimise Fetal Well-being in Late Pregnancy: A Survey in a Multicultural New Zealand Region. J Midwifery Womens Health 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/jmwh.12689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Veerasingam P, Grant CC, Chelimo C, Philipson K, Gilchrist CA, Berry S, Carr PA, Camargo CA, Morton S. Vaccine Education During Pregnancy and Timeliness of Infant Immunization. Pediatrics 2017; 140:peds.2016-3727. [PMID: 28821625 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2016-3727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Pregnant women routinely receive information in support of or opposing infant immunization. We aimed to describe immunization information sources of future mothers' and determine if receiving immunization information is associated with infant immunization timeliness. METHODS We analyzed data from a child cohort born 2009-2010 in New Zealand. Pregnant women (N = 6822) at a median gestation of 39 weeks described sources of information encouraging or discouraging infant immunization. Immunizations received by cohort infants were determined through linkage with the National Immunization Register (n = 6682 of 6853 [98%]). Independent associations of immunization information received with immunization timeliness were described by using adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS Immunization information sources were described by 6182 of 6822 (91%) women. Of these, 2416 (39%) received information encouraging immunization, 846 (14%) received discouraging information, and 565 (9%) received both encouraging and discouraging information. Compared with infants of women who received no immunization information (71% immunized on-time), infants of women who received discouraging information only (57% immunized on time, OR = 0.49, 95% CI 0.38-0.64) or encouraging and discouraging information (61% immunized on time, OR = 0.51, 95% CI 0.42-0.63) were at decreased odds of receiving all immunizations on time. Receipt of encouraging information only was not associated with infant immunization timeliness (73% immunized on time, OR = 1.00, 95% CI 0.87-1.15). CONCLUSIONS Receipt, during pregnancy, of information against immunization was associated with delayed infant immunization regardless of receipt of information supporting immunization. In contrast, receipt of encouraging information is not associated with infant immunization timeliness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Veerasingam
- General Paediatrics, Starship Children's Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Cameron C Grant
- General Paediatrics, Starship Children's Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand; .,Growing Up in New Zealand.,Center for Longitudinal Research - He Ara ki Mua, and.,Department of Paediatrics, Child and Youth Health, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; and
| | - Carol Chelimo
- Growing Up in New Zealand.,Center for Longitudinal Research - He Ara ki Mua, and.,Department of Paediatrics, Child and Youth Health, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; and
| | - Kathryn Philipson
- Department of Paediatrics, Child and Youth Health, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; and
| | - Catherine A Gilchrist
- Department of Paediatrics, Child and Youth Health, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; and
| | - Sarah Berry
- Growing Up in New Zealand.,Center for Longitudinal Research - He Ara ki Mua, and
| | - Polly Atatoa Carr
- Growing Up in New Zealand.,Center for Longitudinal Research - He Ara ki Mua, and
| | - Carlos A Camargo
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Susan Morton
- Growing Up in New Zealand.,Center for Longitudinal Research - He Ara ki Mua, and
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10
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Chelimo C, Morton S, Grant C. P2305Repeated antibiotic exposure up to age 4 years is related to higher body mass at age 4.5 years: longitudinal findings from the growing up in New Zealand cohort. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx502.p2305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Cronin RS, Chelimo C, Mitchell EA, Okesene-Gafa K, Thompson JMD, Taylor RS, Hutchison BL, McCowan LME. Survey of maternal sleep practices in late pregnancy in a multi-ethnic sample in South Auckland, New Zealand. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2017. [PMID: 28623890 PMCID: PMC5474014 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-017-1378-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Auckland Stillbirth study demonstrated a two-fold increased risk of late stillbirth for women who did not go to sleep on their left side. Two further studies have confirmed an increased risk of late stillbirth with supine sleep position. As sleep position is modifiable, we surveyed self-reported late pregnancy sleep position, knowledge about sleep position, and views about changing going-to-sleep position. Methods Participants in this 2014 survey were pregnant women (n = 377) in their third trimester from South Auckland, New Zealand, a multi-ethnic and predominantly low socio-economic population. An ethnically-representative sample was obtained using random sampling. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify factors independently associated with non-left sided going-to-sleep position in late pregnancy. Results Respondents were 28 to 42 weeks’ gestation. Reported going-to-sleep position in the last week was left side (30%), right side (22%), supine (3%), either side (39%) and other (6%). Two thirds (68%) reported they had received advice about sleep position. Non-left sleepers were asked if they would be able to change to their left side if it was better for their baby; 87% reported they would have little or no difficulty changing. Women who reported a non-left going-to-sleep position were more likely to be of Maori (aOR 2.64 95% CI 1.23–5.66) or Pacific (aOR 2.91 95% CI 1.46–5.78) ethnicity; had a lower body mass index (BMI) (aOR 0.93 95% CI 0.89–0.96); and were less likely to sleep on the left-hand side of the bed (aOR 3.29 95% CI 2.03–5.32). Conclusions Maternal going-to-sleep position in the last week was side-lying in 91% of participants. The majority had received advice to sleep on their side or avoid supine sleep position. Sleeping on the left-hand side of the bed was associated with going-to-sleep on the left side. Most non-left sleepers reported their sleeping position could be modified to the left side suggesting a public health intervention about sleep position is likely to be feasible in other multi-ethnic communities. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12884-017-1378-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin S Cronin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand.
| | - Carol Chelimo
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Edwin A Mitchell
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Kara Okesene-Gafa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - John M D Thompson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Rennae S Taylor
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - B Lynne Hutchison
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Lesley M E McCowan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
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Hobbs MR, Morton SM, Atatoa-Carr P, Ritchie SR, Thomas MG, Saraf R, Chelimo C, Harnden A, Camargo CA, Grant CC. Ethnic disparities in infectious disease hospitalisations in the first year of life in New Zealand. J Paediatr Child Health 2017; 53:223-231. [PMID: 27714893 DOI: 10.1111/jpc.13377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Revised: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM Infectious disease (ID) hospitalisation rates are increasing in New Zealand (NZ), especially in pre-school children, and Māori and Pacific people. We aimed to identify risk factors for ID hospitalisation in infancy within a birth cohort of NZ children, and to identify differences in risk factors between ethnic groups. METHODS We investigated an established cohort of 6846 NZ children, born in 2009-2010, with linkage to a national data set of hospitalisations. We used multivariable logistic regression to obtain odds ratios (OR) for factors associated with ID hospitalisation in the first year of life, firstly for all children, and then separately for Māori or Pacific children. RESULTS In the whole cohort, factors associated with ID hospitalisation were Māori (OR: 1.49, 95% CI: 1.17-1.89) or Pacific (2.51; 2.00-3.15) versus European maternal ethnicity, male gender (1.32; 1.13-1.55), low birthweight (1.94, 1.39-2.66), exclusive breastfeeding for <4 months (1.22, 1.04-1.43), maternal experience of health-care racism (1.60, 1.19-2.12), household deprivation (most vs. least deprived quintile of households (1.50, 1.12-2.02)), day-care attendance (1.43, 1.12-1.81) and maternal smoking (1.55, 1.26-1.91). Factors associated with ID hospitalisation for Māori infants were high household deprivation (2.16, 1.06-5.02) and maternal smoking (1.48, 1.02-2.14); and for Pacific infants were delayed immunisation (1.72, 1.23-2.38), maternal experience of health-care racism (2.20, 1.29-3.70) and maternal smoking (1.59, 1.10-2.29). CONCLUSIONS Māori and Pacific children in NZ experience a high burden of ID hospitalisation. Some risk factors, for example maternal smoking, are shared, while others are ethnic-specific. Interventions aimed at preventing ID hospitalisations should address both shared and ethnic-specific factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark R Hobbs
- Centre for Longitudinal Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Susan Mb Morton
- Centre for Longitudinal Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Polly Atatoa-Carr
- Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Stephen R Ritchie
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Mark G Thomas
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Rajneeta Saraf
- Centre for Longitudinal Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Carol Chelimo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Anthony Harnden
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Carlos A Camargo
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Cameron C Grant
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Okesene-Gafa K, Chelimo C, Chua S, Henning M, McCowan L. Knowledge and beliefs about nutrition and physical activity during pregnancy in women from South Auckland region, New Zealand. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol 2016; 56:471-483. [DOI: 10.1111/ajo.12456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Karaponi Okesene-Gafa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; South Auckland Clinical School; University of Auckland; and Middlemore Hospital; South Auckland New Zealand
| | - Carol Chelimo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; School of Medicine; University of Auckland; Auckland New Zealand
| | - Shireen Chua
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; School of Medicine; University of Auckland; Auckland New Zealand
| | - Marcus Henning
- Centre of Medical Science Education; School of Medicine; University of Auckland; Auckland New Zealand
| | - Lesley McCowan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences; South Auckland Clinical School and Auckland School of Medicine; University of Auckland; Auckland New Zealand
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Wells S, Riddell T, Kerr A, Pylypchuk R, Chelimo C, Marshall R, Exeter DJ, Mehta S, Harrison J, Kyle C, Grey C, Metcalf P, Warren J, Kenealy T, Drury PL, Harwood M, Bramley D, Gala G, Jackson R. Cohort Profile: The PREDICT Cardiovascular Disease Cohort in New Zealand Primary Care (PREDICT-CVD 19). Int J Epidemiol 2015; 46:22. [DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyv312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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15
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Chelimo C, Elwood JM. Sociodemographic differences in the incidence of oropharyngeal and oral cavity squamous cell cancers in New Zealand. Aust N Z J Public Health 2015; 39:162-7. [DOI: 10.1111/1753-6405.12352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2014] [Revised: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 11/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Carol Chelimo
- Section of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences; University of Auckland; New Zealand
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine; University of Auckland; New Zealand
| | - J. Mark Elwood
- Section of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences; University of Auckland; New Zealand
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16
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Corbett S, Chelimo C, Okesene-Gafa K. Barriers to early initiation of antenatal care in a multi-ethnic sample in South Auckland, New Zealand. N Z Med J 2014; 127:53-61. [PMID: 25331312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
AIM To identify barriers to early initiation of antenatal care amongst pregnant women in South Auckland, New Zealand. METHOD Women in late pregnancy (>37 weeks gestation) or who had recently delivered (<6 weeks postnatal) completed a questionnaire about their antenatal care. Logistic regression analysis evaluated whether late booking for antenatal care was associated with demographic factors and potential barriers to accessing care. RESULTS Of the 826 women who participated, 137 (17%) booked for antenatal care at >18 weeks (late bookers). The ethnic composition of the sample was: 43% Pacific Peoples, 20% Maori, 14% Asian, and 21% European or other ethnicities. The multivariate analysis indicated that women were significantly more likely to book late for antenatal care if they had limited resources (OR=1.86; 95% CI=1.17-2.93), no tertiary education (OR=1.96; 95% CI=1.23-3.15), or were not living with a husband/partner (OR=2.34; 95% CI=1.48-3.71). In addition, the odds of late booking for antenatal care was almost six times higher among Maori (OR=5.70; 95% CI=2.57-12.64) and Pacific (OR=5.90; 95% CI=2.83-12.29) women compared to those of European and other ethnicities. CONCLUSION Late booking for antenatal care in the Counties Manukau District Health Board area (South Auckland) is associated with sociodemographic factors, social deprivation, and inadequate social support.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kara Okesene-Gafa
- South Auckland Clinical School, Middlemore Hospital, Private Bag 93311, Otahuhu, Auckland 1640, New Zealand.
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17
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Kool B, King V, Chelimo C, Dalziel S, Shepherd M, Neutze J, Chambers N, Wells S. Mild traumatic brain injury in children: management practices in the acute care setting. Emerg Med Australas 2014; 26:376-83. [PMID: 24931699 DOI: 10.1111/1742-6723.12255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Accurate diagnosis, treatment and follow up of children suffering mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) is important as post-concussive symptoms and long-term disability might occur. This research explored the decisions clinicians make in their assessment and management of children with MTBI in acute care settings, and identified barriers and enablers to the delivery of best-practice care. METHODS A purposeful sample of 29 clinicians employed in two metropolitan paediatric EDs and one Urgent Care clinic was surveyed using a vignette-based questionnaire that also included domains of guideline awareness, attitudes to MTBI care, use of clinical decision support systems, and knowledge and skills for practising evidence-based healthcare. RESULTS Overall, the evaluation and management of children presenting acutely with MTBI generally followed best-practice guidelines, particularly in relation to identifying intracranial injuries that might require surgical intervention, observation for potential deterioration, adequate pain management and the provision of written head injury advice on discharge. Larger variation emerged in regard to follow-up care and referral pathways. Potential barriers to best- practice were lack of guideline awareness, attitudes to MTBI, and lack of time or other priorities. CONCLUSIONS Opportunities exist to improve care for children who present in acute care settings following mild traumatic brain injury. These include having up-to-date guidelines that are consistent across acute care settings; providing clearer pathways for referral and follow up; targeting continuing medical education towards potential complications; and providing computerised decision support so that assessment and management are conducted systematically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridget Kool
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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18
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McCowan L, Chelimo C. Small-for-gestational-age pregnancies are at cumulative increased risk of stillbirth for each week pregnancy continues beyond 37 weeks. Evid Based Nurs 2014; 18:26. [PMID: 24809940 DOI: 10.1136/eb-2014-101732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lesley McCowan
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Carol Chelimo
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Elwood JM, Youlden DR, Chelimo C, Ioannides SJ, Baade PD. Comparison of oropharyngeal and oral cavity squamous cell cancer incidence and trends in New Zealand and Queensland, Australia. Cancer Epidemiol 2014; 38:16-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2013.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Revised: 12/03/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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20
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Glover M, Hadwen G, Chelimo C, Scragg R, Bullen C, Gentles D, Nosa V, McCool J. Parent versus child reporting of tobacco smoke exposure at home and in the car. N Z Med J 2013; 126:37-47. [PMID: 23824023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To compare self-reported exposure to tobacco smoke in the home or in cars between parents and their pre-adolescent children. METHODS We analysed data on self-reported exposure to secondhand smoke from 3,645 matched pairs of children at baseline (aged between 10 and 13 years) and their parents whether smokers or not, who were participants in Keeping Kids Smokefree (KKS), a community-based study in South Auckland, New Zealand from 2007-2009. The study aimed to reduce children's smoking initiation through parental behaviour change. The responses of the parent-child pairs were analysed using proportions, Kappa scores, and McNemar's Chi-squared test. Additionally, 679 children were biochemically tested for smoking exposure using exhaled carbon monoxide. RESULTS There was approximately a 30% discordance between the self-reports of children and their parents, with parents reporting less smoking in homes or cars than their children. Kappa scores for parent-child agreement by ethnicity ranged from 0.15 to 0.41 for smoking at home and 0.17 to 0.54 for smoking in cars. Biochemical testing suggested that around 30% of children had been exposed to secondhand smoke, corroborating their self-reported proportion of 37% (baseline in the home) whereas few parents (11%) reported smoking in home or cars. CONCLUSION Parents were significantly less likely than children to report smoking inside the home or car. Biochemical testing indicated that children's reporting is more accurate. This has implications for future studies relying on self-reporting by children and/or their caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marewa Glover
- Centre for Tobacco Control Research, School of Population Health, University of Auckland, New Zealand.
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21
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Kool B, Chelimo C, Ameratunga S. Head Injury Incidence and Mortality in New Zealand over 10 Years. Neuroepidemiology 2013; 41:189-97. [DOI: 10.1159/000354782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2013] [Accepted: 07/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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22
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Chelimo C, Wouldes TA, Cameron LD, Elwood JM. Risk factors for and prevention of human papillomaviruses (HPV), genital warts and cervical cancer. J Infect 2012; 66:207-17. [PMID: 23103285 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2012.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2012] [Accepted: 10/21/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Genital HPV infection is associated with development of cervical cancer, cervical neoplasia, anogenital warts, and other anogenital cancers. A number of reviews have primarily addressed the role of HPV infection in cervical carcinogenesis, and differences in human papillomavirus (HPV) subtypes found in cervical cancer cases by histology and geographical region. This review provides an informative summary of the broad body of literature on the burden of HPV, the risk factors for HPV infection, genital warts and cervical cancer, and preventive measures against these conditions in females. Studies have identified the main risk factors for genital HPV infection in females as follows: acquisition of new male partners; an increasing number of lifetime sexual partners both in females and their male partners; and having non-monogamous male partners. Cervical cancer screening and HPV vaccination are the primary measures currently recommended to prevent cervical cancer. There is also an ongoing debate and conflicting findings on whether male circumcision and condom use protect against HPV infection and subsequent development of HPV-related illnesses in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol Chelimo
- Section of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
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Kool B, Chelimo C, Robinson E, Ameratunga S. Deaths and hospital admissions as a result of home injuries among young and middle-aged New Zealand adults. N Z Med J 2011; 124:16-26. [PMID: 22237564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
AIM New Zealand lacks a comprehensive national profile of home injuries, this information is necessary to develop effective targeted injury prevention initiatives. This study describes the epidemiology of unintentional home injuries resulting in death or admission to hospital among young and middle-age New Zealanders. METHOD Cases were selected from Ministry of Health public hospital discharge (2000-2009) and mortality data (1998-2007), and included all 20-64 year olds where the place of injury occurrence was classified as 'home'. Only initial hospitalisations with a stay of 24 hours or longer were included. The circumstances of injury were coded according to the ICD-10 external cause categories. Mean annual rates of death or hospitalisation were calculated using census and intercensal denominator data. RESULTS On average 4000 young and middle-age adults are admitted to hospital and 60 die annually as a result of unintentional injuries sustained at home. Overall, mortality rates were highest amongst males, older adults (50 to 64 years), and Māori. The leading causes of unintentional home injury deaths were poisoning, falls, and burns. Hospitalisation rates were highest among males, the older age groups (> 40 years), and Maori. As age increased so did the incidence of hospital admission. The leading contributors resulting in admission to hospital were falls, cutting or piercing, overexertion, and poisoning. Injuries due to falls had the highest median length of hospital stay and in-hospital mortality rate. As deprivation increased so did the frequency of hospital admissions due to fall and cutting or piercing injuries. CONCLUSION Poisonings and falls are the leading causes of unintentional home injury death among young and middle-aged New Zealanders. In addition, falls are a significant contributor to home injury resulting in admission to hospital. The large numbers of home injuries occurring each year in New Zealand, mean that even moderately successful injury prevention interventions could have large impacts at the population level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridget Kool
- Section of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population Health, The University of Auckland, New Zealand.
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Boyd M, Broad JB, Kerse N, Foster S, von Randow M, Lay-Yee R, Chelimo C, Whitehead N, Connolly MJ. Twenty-Year Trends in Dependency in Residential Aged Care in Auckland, New Zealand: A Descriptive Study. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2011; 12:535-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2011.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2010] [Revised: 01/27/2011] [Accepted: 01/27/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Broad JB, Boyd M, Kerse N, Whitehead N, Chelimo C, Lay-Yee R, von Randow M, Foster S, Connolly MJ. Residential aged care in Auckland, New Zealand 1988-2008: do real trends over time match predictions? Age Ageing 2011; 40:487-94. [PMID: 21628389 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afr056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND in Auckland, New Zealand in 1988, 7.7% of those aged over 65 years lived in licenced residential aged care. Age-specific rates approximately doubled for each 5-year age group after the age of 65 years. Even with changes in policies and market forces since 1988, population increases are forecast to drive large growth in demand. This study shows previously unrecognised 20-year trends in rates of care in a geographically defined population. METHODS four cross-sectional surveys of all facilities (rest homes and hospitals) licenced for long-term care of older people were conducted in Auckland, New Zealand in 1988, 1993, 1998 and 2008. Facility staff completed survey forms for each resident. Numbers of licenced and occupied beds and trends in age-specific and age-standardised rates in residential aged care are reported. RESULTS over the 20-year period, Auckland's population aged over 65 years increased by 43% (from 91,000 to 130,000) but actual numbers in care reduced slightly. Among those aged over 65 years, the proportion living in care facilities reduced from 1 in 13 to 1 in 18. Age-standardised rates in rest-home level care reduced from 65 to 33 per thousand, and in hospital level care, from 29 to 23 per thousand. Had rates remained stable, over 13,200 people, 74% more than observed, would have been in care in 2008. CONCLUSION growth predicted in the residential aged care sector is not yet evident. The introduction of standardised needs assessments before entry, increased availability of home-based services, and growth in retirement villages may have led to reduced utilisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna B Broad
- Freemasons' Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Auckland, New Zealand.
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Chelimo C, Wouldes TA, Cameron LD. Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine acceptance and perceived effectiveness, and HPV infection concern among young New Zealand university students. Sex Health 2010; 7:394-6. [PMID: 20719233 DOI: 10.1071/sh10005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2010] [Accepted: 03/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Two-hundred undergraduate students completed an anonymous questionnaire after viewing a human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine television commercial. Eight-four percent of participants would accept a free HPV vaccine, whereas 47% were unconcerned about future personal HPV infection risk. Males were less likely to accept a free HPV vaccine and to be concerned about future personal HPV infection risk. Perceived HPV vaccine effectiveness was significantly greater among participants who had previously heard of the vaccine and who knew that HPV is sexually transmitted. More education on the role of sexual behavioural characteristics of both males and females in HPV transmission is necessary to promote awareness and concern of personal HPV infection risk and acceptance of HPV vaccination.
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Chelimo C, Wouldes TA. Human papillomavirus knowledge and awareness among undergraduates in healthcare training in New Zealand. N Z Med J 2009; 122:33-45. [PMID: 19859090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To describe knowledge of HPV and its transmission, knowledge of the HPV vaccine, and awareness of free HPV vaccine for 12-18 year old New Zealand females; and to assess whether there are significant age and gender differences in HPV-related knowledge. METHODS Undergraduate university students were invited to complete an anonymous questionnaire, after viewing a brief HPV vaccine TV commercial. RESULTS Compared to 19 year olds, 18 years olds were more likely to have heard of HPV (OR=3.78; 95%CI=1.66-8.65) and the HPV vaccine (OR=3.94; 95%CI=1.85-8.39), know about sexual transmission of HPV (OR=2.79; 95%CI=1.34-5.77), and be aware of the free HPV vaccine (OR=4.00; 95%CI=1.81-8.84). Participants who knew someone ever diagnosed with cervical cancer were more likely to have heard of the HPV vaccine (OR=2.98; 95%CI=1.09-8.13). Male participants were less likely to be aware of the free vaccine (OR=0.16; 95%CI=0.07-0.40). CONCLUSION Average levels of basic knowledge of HPV and HPV vaccine most likely represent minimal awareness as more specific knowledge on sexual transmission of HPV is low. HPV vaccination should be complimented with public education on the link between sexual behaviour, HPV infection and cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol Chelimo
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, New Zealand
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Wolff MS, Teitelbaum SL, Windham G, Pinney SM, Britton JA, Chelimo C, Godbold J, Biro F, Kushi LH, Pfeiffer CM, Calafat AM. Pilot study of urinary biomarkers of phytoestrogens, phthalates, and phenols in girls. Environ Health Perspect 2007; 115:116-21. [PMID: 17366830 PMCID: PMC1797844 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.9488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2006] [Accepted: 10/19/2006] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hormonally active environmental agents have been measured among U.S. children using exposure biomarkers in urine. However, little is known about their variation by race, age, sex, and geography, and no data exist for newly developed biomarkers. OBJECTIVE Our goal was to characterize relevant, prevalent exposures for a study of female pubertal development. METHODS In a pilot study among 90 girls from New York City, New York, Cincinnati, Ohio, and northern California, we measured 25 urinary analytes representing 22 separate agents from three chemical families: phytoestrogens, phthalates, and phenols. Exposures occur chiefly from the diet and from household or personal care products. RESULTS Participants represented four racial/ethnic groups (Asian, black, Hispanic, white), with mean age of 7.77 years. Most analytes were detectable in > 94% of samples. The highest median concentrations for individual analytes in each family were for enterolactone (298 microg/L), monoethylphthalate (MEP; 83.2 microg/L), and benzophenone-3 (BP3; 14.7 microg/L). Few or no data have been reported previously for four metabolites: mono(2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl) phthalate, tridosan, bisphenol A (BPA), and BP3; these were detected in 67-100% of samples with medians of 1.8-53.2 microg/L. After multivariate adjustment, two analytes, enterolactone and BPA, were higher among girls with body mass index < 85th reference percentile than those at or above the 85th percentile. Three phthalate metabolites differed by race/ethnicity [MEP, mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, and mono-3-carboxypropylphthalate]. CONCLUSIONS A wide spectrum of hormonally active exposure biomarkers were detectable and variable among young girls, with high maximal concentrations (> 1,000 microg/L) found for several analytes. They varied by characteristics that may be relevant to development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary S Wolff
- Mount Sinai School of Medicine, Division of Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Community and Preventive Medicine, New York, New York 10029, USA.
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Belogolovkin V, Engel S, Savitz D, Chelimo C, Siega-Riz AM, Sperling R. Weight gain velocity in relation to the development of gestational hypertension and or preeclampsia. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2006.10.434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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