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Von Nordheim D, Johnson M, Caburnay C, Alleman S, Kreuter M, McQueen A. Describing the Lived Experience and Resource Needs of Individuals With Long COVID. Health Promot Pract 2024:15248399241228823. [PMID: 38361434 DOI: 10.1177/15248399241228823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Individuals with long COVID report diverse symptoms lasting weeks or months after initial infection, causing significant psychosocial distress. Navigating health care interactions are often difficult for these individuals due to the diffuse nature of their symptoms, a lack of effective treatment options, and skepticism from some providers. To better understand these challenges, this study sought to further describe the lived experience of individuals with long COVID. A survey was conducted with individuals evaluated for long COVID at a specialty clinic (n = 200), which included questions about prior conditions, symptoms, use of medical and support services, and information and resource needs. Participants reported a mean of 10.75 persistent symptoms, the most common being fatigue and difficulty concentrating, with broad effects on daily functioning. Participants saw a mean of 5.92 providers for treatment of their symptoms, and 88.5% identified health care providers as a trusted source of information. Interest in research findings (60.5%) and opportunities for participation (47.5%) were moderate and varied by COVID vaccination status. Unvaccinated individuals (n = 27) also reported less trust in government sources of information, less college education, lower household income, and greater likelihood of having public insurance. Our findings suggest that individuals with long COVID experience many ongoing and complex symptoms with diverse effects on daily living; that health care providers are an important source for public health messaging about long COVID; and that unvaccinated individuals are likely to have differing needs and receptiveness to information than vaccinated individuals with long COVID.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sarah Alleman
- Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Amy McQueen
- Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
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Kreuter MW, Butler T, Kinzer H, Carter T, Laker PA, Caburnay C, Olagoke A, Skinner K, Broadus D, Davis MH. Addressing COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy With Community Distribution of Conversation Cards. Am J Public Health 2024; 114:S87-S91. [PMID: 38207273 PMCID: PMC10785187 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2023.307481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
To increase community conversations about COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, we distributed vaccine cardholders and conversation cards to 6000 newly vaccinated adults at vaccination sites and encouraged them to talk with unvaccinated friends and family members. In 257 onsite exit interviews, we found that cardholders and conversation cards were well liked, and most recipients expected to use them. Follow-up surveys two weeks later showed that 51% of respondents used a card to start a conversation and 41% gave a card to an unvaccinated friend or family member. (Am J Public Health. 2024;114(S1):S87-S91. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2023.307481).
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew W Kreuter
- Matthew W. Kreuter, Taylor Butler, Hannah Kinzer, Tyla Carter, Charlene Caburnay, Ayokunle Olagoke, and Karen Skinner are with the Health Communication Research Laboratory, the Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO. Penina Acayo Laker is with the Health Communication Design Studio, Sam Fox School of Design, Washington University in St. Louis. Damon Broadus is with the St. Louis County Department of Public Health, St. Louis, MO. Matifadza Hlatshwayo Davis is with the City of St. Louis Department of Health, St. Louis, MO
| | - Taylor Butler
- Matthew W. Kreuter, Taylor Butler, Hannah Kinzer, Tyla Carter, Charlene Caburnay, Ayokunle Olagoke, and Karen Skinner are with the Health Communication Research Laboratory, the Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO. Penina Acayo Laker is with the Health Communication Design Studio, Sam Fox School of Design, Washington University in St. Louis. Damon Broadus is with the St. Louis County Department of Public Health, St. Louis, MO. Matifadza Hlatshwayo Davis is with the City of St. Louis Department of Health, St. Louis, MO
| | - Hannah Kinzer
- Matthew W. Kreuter, Taylor Butler, Hannah Kinzer, Tyla Carter, Charlene Caburnay, Ayokunle Olagoke, and Karen Skinner are with the Health Communication Research Laboratory, the Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO. Penina Acayo Laker is with the Health Communication Design Studio, Sam Fox School of Design, Washington University in St. Louis. Damon Broadus is with the St. Louis County Department of Public Health, St. Louis, MO. Matifadza Hlatshwayo Davis is with the City of St. Louis Department of Health, St. Louis, MO
| | - Tyla Carter
- Matthew W. Kreuter, Taylor Butler, Hannah Kinzer, Tyla Carter, Charlene Caburnay, Ayokunle Olagoke, and Karen Skinner are with the Health Communication Research Laboratory, the Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO. Penina Acayo Laker is with the Health Communication Design Studio, Sam Fox School of Design, Washington University in St. Louis. Damon Broadus is with the St. Louis County Department of Public Health, St. Louis, MO. Matifadza Hlatshwayo Davis is with the City of St. Louis Department of Health, St. Louis, MO
| | - Penina Acayo Laker
- Matthew W. Kreuter, Taylor Butler, Hannah Kinzer, Tyla Carter, Charlene Caburnay, Ayokunle Olagoke, and Karen Skinner are with the Health Communication Research Laboratory, the Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO. Penina Acayo Laker is with the Health Communication Design Studio, Sam Fox School of Design, Washington University in St. Louis. Damon Broadus is with the St. Louis County Department of Public Health, St. Louis, MO. Matifadza Hlatshwayo Davis is with the City of St. Louis Department of Health, St. Louis, MO
| | - Charlene Caburnay
- Matthew W. Kreuter, Taylor Butler, Hannah Kinzer, Tyla Carter, Charlene Caburnay, Ayokunle Olagoke, and Karen Skinner are with the Health Communication Research Laboratory, the Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO. Penina Acayo Laker is with the Health Communication Design Studio, Sam Fox School of Design, Washington University in St. Louis. Damon Broadus is with the St. Louis County Department of Public Health, St. Louis, MO. Matifadza Hlatshwayo Davis is with the City of St. Louis Department of Health, St. Louis, MO
| | - Ayokunle Olagoke
- Matthew W. Kreuter, Taylor Butler, Hannah Kinzer, Tyla Carter, Charlene Caburnay, Ayokunle Olagoke, and Karen Skinner are with the Health Communication Research Laboratory, the Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO. Penina Acayo Laker is with the Health Communication Design Studio, Sam Fox School of Design, Washington University in St. Louis. Damon Broadus is with the St. Louis County Department of Public Health, St. Louis, MO. Matifadza Hlatshwayo Davis is with the City of St. Louis Department of Health, St. Louis, MO
| | - Karen Skinner
- Matthew W. Kreuter, Taylor Butler, Hannah Kinzer, Tyla Carter, Charlene Caburnay, Ayokunle Olagoke, and Karen Skinner are with the Health Communication Research Laboratory, the Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO. Penina Acayo Laker is with the Health Communication Design Studio, Sam Fox School of Design, Washington University in St. Louis. Damon Broadus is with the St. Louis County Department of Public Health, St. Louis, MO. Matifadza Hlatshwayo Davis is with the City of St. Louis Department of Health, St. Louis, MO
| | - Damon Broadus
- Matthew W. Kreuter, Taylor Butler, Hannah Kinzer, Tyla Carter, Charlene Caburnay, Ayokunle Olagoke, and Karen Skinner are with the Health Communication Research Laboratory, the Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO. Penina Acayo Laker is with the Health Communication Design Studio, Sam Fox School of Design, Washington University in St. Louis. Damon Broadus is with the St. Louis County Department of Public Health, St. Louis, MO. Matifadza Hlatshwayo Davis is with the City of St. Louis Department of Health, St. Louis, MO
| | - Matifadza Hlatshwayo Davis
- Matthew W. Kreuter, Taylor Butler, Hannah Kinzer, Tyla Carter, Charlene Caburnay, Ayokunle Olagoke, and Karen Skinner are with the Health Communication Research Laboratory, the Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO. Penina Acayo Laker is with the Health Communication Design Studio, Sam Fox School of Design, Washington University in St. Louis. Damon Broadus is with the St. Louis County Department of Public Health, St. Louis, MO. Matifadza Hlatshwayo Davis is with the City of St. Louis Department of Health, St. Louis, MO
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Kroll C, McQueen A, De La Vega V, Marsh AK, Poor T, Verdecias N, Caburnay C, Kreuter MW. Trusted sources for COVID-19 testing and vaccination: lessons for future health communication. J Commun Healthc 2023; 16:350-357. [PMID: 37695124 PMCID: PMC10841886 DOI: 10.1080/17538068.2023.2255408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Promoting COVID-19 vaccination (both the primary series and boosters) remains a priority among healthcare professionals and requires understanding the various sources people trust for acquiring COVID-19 information. METHOD From October 2021 to May 2022, we interviewed 150 people who called 2-1-1 helplines in Connecticut and North Carolina about their COVID-19 testing and vaccination experiences in order to (1) better understand where people obtain trusted COVID-19 health information and (2) identify how public health professionals can share emergency health information in the future. We used a mixed methods approach in which semi-structured qualitative interviews and survey data were collected in parallel and analyzed separately. RESULTS Participants were mostly female (74.0%), Black (43.3%) or White (38.0%), and had a high school degree or higher (88.0%). Most had prior COVID-19 testing experience (88.0%) and were vaccinated (82.7%). A variety of information sources were rated as being very trustworthy including medical professionals and social service organizations. We found that repetition of information from multiple sources increased trust; however, perceived inconsistencies in recommendations over time eroded trust in health communication, especially from government-affiliated information sources. Observations such as seeing long lines for COVID-19 testing or vaccination became internalized trusted information. CONCLUSIONS Public health professionals can leverage the reach and strong community ties of existing, reputable non-government organizations, such as physician groups, schools, and pharmacies, to distribute COVID-19 information about vaccination and testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Kroll
- Health Communication Research Laboratory, Washington University, St. Louis, MO
| | - Amy McQueen
- Health Communication Research Laboratory, Washington University, St. Louis, MO
- Department of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO
| | - Victoria De La Vega
- Health Communication Research Laboratory, Washington University, St. Louis, MO
| | - Alexis K. Marsh
- Health Communication Research Laboratory, Washington University, St. Louis, MO
| | - Tim Poor
- Health Communication Research Laboratory, Washington University, St. Louis, MO
| | | | - Charlene Caburnay
- Health Communication Research Laboratory, Washington University, St. Louis, MO
| | - Matthew W. Kreuter
- Health Communication Research Laboratory, Washington University, St. Louis, MO
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Kreuter MW, Garg R, Fu Q, Caburnay C, Thompson T, Roberts C, Sandheinrich D, Javed I, Wolff JM, Butler T, Grimes LM, Carpenter KM, Pokojski R, Engelbrecht K, Howard V, McQueen A. Helping low-income smokers quit: findings from a randomized controlled trial comparing specialized quitline services with and without social needs navigation. Lancet Reg Health Am 2023; 23:100529. [PMID: 37408953 PMCID: PMC10319314 DOI: 10.1016/j.lana.2023.100529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Quitting smoking is especially challenging for low-income smokers due to high stress, high smoking prevalence around them, and limited support for quitting. This study aimed to determine whether any of three interventions designed specifically for low-income smokers would be more effective than standard tobacco quitline services: a specialized quitline, the specialized quitline with social needs navigation, or the standard quitline with social needs navigation. Methods Using a randomized 2 × 2 factorial design, low-income daily cigarette smokers (n = 1944) in Missouri, USA who called a helpline seeking assistance with food, rent or other social needs were assigned to receive Standard Quitline alone (n = 485), Standard Quitline + Social Needs Navigation (n = 484), Specialized Quitline alone (n = 485), or Specialized Quitline + Social Needs Navigation (n = 490). The target sample size was 2000, 500 per group. The main outcome was 7-day self-reported point prevalence abstinence at 6-month follow-up. Multiple imputation was used to impute outcomes for those missing data at 6-month follow-up. Binary logistic regression analyses were used to assess differences between study groups. Findings Participants were recruited from June 2017 to November 2020; most were African American (1111 [58%]) or White (666 [35%]), female (1396 [72%]), and reported <$10,000 (957 [51%]) or <$20,000 (1529 [82%]) annual pre-tax household income. At 6-month follow-up (58% retention), 101 participants in the Standard Quitline group reported 7-day point prevalence abstinence (20.8% of those assigned at baseline, 38.1% after imputation). Quit rates in the Specialized Quitline (90 quitters, 18.6%, 38.1%) and Specialized Quitline + Social Needs Navigation (103 quitters, 21.0%, 39.8%) were not different from the Standard Quitline. Quit rates for Standard Quitline + Social Needs Navigation (74 quitters, 15.3%, 30.1%) were significantly lower than Standard Quitline (OR = 0.70, 95% CI = 0.50-0.98). Interpretation A specialized version of a state tobacco quitline was no more effective than standard quitline services in helping low-income smokers quit. Adding social needs navigation to a standard quitline decreased its effectiveness. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03194958. Funding National Cancer Institute: R01CA201429.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew W. Kreuter
- Health Communication Research Laboratory, Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Rachel Garg
- Health Communication Research Laboratory, Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Qiang Fu
- Department of Community Health, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
| | - Charlene Caburnay
- Health Communication Research Laboratory, Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Tess Thompson
- Health Communication Research Laboratory, Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Christina Roberts
- Health Communication Research Laboratory, Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Dominique Sandheinrich
- Health Communication Research Laboratory, Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Irum Javed
- Health Communication Research Laboratory, Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jennifer M. Wolff
- Health Communication Research Laboratory, Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Taylor Butler
- Health Communication Research Laboratory, Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Lauren M. Grimes
- Health Communication Research Laboratory, Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Robin Pokojski
- Community Partnerships, United Way of Greater St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Valerie Howard
- Tobacco Prevention and Control Program, Missouri Department of Health and Senior Services, Jefferson City, MO, USA
| | - Amy McQueen
- Health Communication Research Laboratory, Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Division of General Medical Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
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5
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Thompson T, Evbuoma-Fike EI, Garg R, McQueen A, Caburnay C, Kreuter MW. Examining Psychosocial Correlates of a Home Smoking Ban Among Low-income Smokers: Analysis of Social Support, Unmet Social Needs, Perceived Stress, and Depressive Symptoms. J Community Health 2022; 47:959-965. [PMID: 35932354 PMCID: PMC9669155 DOI: 10.1007/s10900-022-01094-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Home smoking bans reduce exposure to second-hand smoke. Understanding how psychosocial factors are related to having a home smoking ban may lead to better interventions for populations less likely to have home smoking bans, including low-income smokers. In this study, we used baseline data from 1,944 participants in a randomized trial of low-income smokers in Missouri to explore psychosocial correlates of a total home smoking ban. Using logistic regression, we examined associations between psychosocial variables (social support, unmet social needs [e.g., food, housing], perceived stress, and depressive symptoms) and a total home smoking ban. 72% of participants were female, and 58% were Black/African American; 26% reported a home smoking ban. In unadjusted and adjusted models, greater social support was associated with greater likelihood of a home smoking ban. Stress was negatively associated with a ban in adjusted models only. The fact that most participants did not have a home smoking ban highlights the need for further intervention in this population. Results suggest links between social support and having a home smoking ban, although effect sizes were small. Smoke-free home interventions that increase social connectedness or leverage existing support may be especially effective. Tobacco control planners may also consider partnering with agencies addressing social isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tess Thompson
- Health Communication Research Laboratory, Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Dr, St. Louis, MO 63130
| | - Ebuwa I. Evbuoma-Fike
- Health Communication Research Laboratory, Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Dr, St. Louis, MO 63130
| | - Rachel Garg
- Health Communication Research Laboratory, Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Dr, St. Louis, MO 63130
| | - Amy McQueen
- Health Communication Research Laboratory, Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Dr, St. Louis, MO 63130,Division of General Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, 4523 Clayton Avenue, Campus Box 8005, St. Louis, Missouri 63110
| | - Charlene Caburnay
- Health Communication Research Laboratory, Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Dr, St. Louis, MO 63130
| | - Matthew W. Kreuter
- Health Communication Research Laboratory, Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Dr, St. Louis, MO 63130
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Hayes S, Malone S, Bonty B, Mueller N, Reyes SM, Reyes SA, Evans C, Wilcher-Roberts M, Watterson T, Akuse S, Shelley J, Yuan G, Lackey I, Prater J, Montgomery B, Williams C, Butler-Barnes ST, Harris K, Caburnay C, Dougherty NL, Liu J, Lai A, Neidich J, Fritz S, Newland JG. Correction: Assessing COVID-19 testing strategies in K-12 schools in underserved populations: study protocol for a cluster-randomized trial. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1655. [PMID: 36050666 PMCID: PMC9434065 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14059-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Hayes
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medi- cine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Sara Malone
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medi- cine, St. Louis, MO, USA. .,Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| | - Brittany Bonty
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medi- cine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Nancy Mueller
- Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Summer M Reyes
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medi- cine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Sydney A Reyes
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medi- cine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Christina Evans
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medi- cine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Myisha Wilcher-Roberts
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medi- cine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Tremayne Watterson
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medi- cine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Sewuese Akuse
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medi- cine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jamee Shelley
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medi- cine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Grace Yuan
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medi- cine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ian Lackey
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medi- cine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jasmine Prater
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medi- cine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Brock Montgomery
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medi- cine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Cynthia Williams
- Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Kelly Harris
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Charlene Caburnay
- Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Jingxia Liu
- Department of Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Albert Lai
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Julie Neidich
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Stephanie Fritz
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medi- cine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jason G Newland
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medi- cine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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7
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Hayes S, Malone S, Bonty B, Mueller N, Reyes SM, Reyes SA, Evans C, Wilcher-Roberts M, Watterson T, Akuse S, Shelley J, Yuan G, Lackey I, Prater J, Montgomery B, Williams C, Butler-Barnes ST, Caburnay C, Dougherty NL, Liu J, Lai A, Neidich J, Fritz S, Newland JG. Assessing COVID-19 testing strategies in K-12 schools in underserved populations: study protocol for a cluster-randomized trial. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1177. [PMID: 35698094 PMCID: PMC9189793 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13577-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Since March 2020, COVID-19 has disproportionately impacted communities of color within the United States. As schools have shifted from virtual to in-person learning, continual guidance is necessary to understand appropriate interventions to prevent SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Weekly testing of students and staff for SARS-CoV-2 within K-12 school setting could provide an additional barrier to school-based transmission, especially within schools unable to implement additional mitigation strategies and/or are in areas of high transmission. This study seeks to understand the role that weekly SARS-CoV-2 testing could play in K-12 schools. In addition, through qualitative interviews and listening sessions, this research hopes to understand community concerns and barriers regarding COVID-19 testing, COVID-19 vaccine, and return to school during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods/design Sixteen middle and high schools from five school districts have been randomized into one of the following categories: (1) Weekly screening + symptomatic testing or (2) Symptomatic testing only. The primary outcome for this study will be the average of the secondary attack rate of school-based transmission per case. School-based transmission will also be assessed through qualitative contact interviews with positive contacts identified by the school contact tracers. Lastly, new total numbers of weekly cases and contacts within a school-based quarantine will provide guidance on transmission rates. Qualitative focus groups and interviews have been conducted to provide additional understanding to the acceptance of the intervention and barriers faced by the community regarding SARS-CoV-2 testing and vaccination. Discussion This study will provide greater understanding of the benefit that weekly screening testing can provide in reducing SARS-CoV-2 transmission within K-12 schools. Close collaboration with community partners and school districts will be necessary for the success of this and similar studies. Trial Registration NCT04875520. Registered May 6, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Hayes
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Sara Malone
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA. .,Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| | - Brittany Bonty
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Nancy Mueller
- Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Summer M Reyes
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Sydney A Reyes
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Christina Evans
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Tremayne Watterson
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Sewuese Akuse
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jamee Shelley
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Grace Yuan
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ian Lackey
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jasmine Prater
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Brock Montgomery
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Cynthia Williams
- Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Charlene Caburnay
- Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Jingxia Liu
- Department of Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Albert Lai
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Julie Neidich
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Stephanie Fritz
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jason G Newland
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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Kreuter MW, Garg R, Marsh A, Thompson T, Caburnay C, Teshome E, Kulkarni S, Tanpattana T, Wolff J, McQueen A. Intention to vaccinate children for COVID-19: A segmentation analysis among Medicaid parents in Florida. Prev Med 2022; 156:106959. [PMID: 35065974 PMCID: PMC8772061 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2022.106959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19 vaccines have been granted emergency use authorization for children ages 5 years and older. To understand how racially and ethnically diverse parents of young children enrolled in Medicaid feel about a prospective COVID-19 vaccine for their children, we administered an online survey that included both close-ended and open-ended items to a statewide sample in Florida (n = 1951). We used quantitative responses to conduct a statistical audience segmentation analysis that identified five distinct sub-groups that varied widely in the likelihood that they would get a COVID-19 vaccine for their child. Qualitative responses were used to illustrate differences between the groups. The youngest Black and White mothers were least likely to vaccinate their child (24%), followed by Black and White mothers in their early 30s (36%), younger Hispanic and mixed-race or other race parents (45%), older mothers (48%) and older fathers (71%). Unique challenges to building vaccine confidence emerged for each group. The youngest Black and White mothers were more likely to report their lives being worse during the COVID-19 pandemic, were far more negative and less positive about a COVID-19 vaccine, and were more concerned about paying bills than preventing COVID-19. Younger Hispanic and mixed-race parents were less negative, but more likely to use emotional language (e.g., scared, nervous, worried) talking about a COVID-19 vaccine, and more likely to report that protecting their child's health was their top concern. Recommendations are made for applying the insights gained in outreach and education efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew W Kreuter
- Health Communication Research Laboratory, The Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1196, St. Louis, MO 63130, United States of America.
| | - Rachel Garg
- Health Communication Research Laboratory, The Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1196, St. Louis, MO 63130, United States of America
| | - Alexis Marsh
- Health Communication Research Laboratory, The Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1196, St. Louis, MO 63130, United States of America
| | - Tess Thompson
- Health Communication Research Laboratory, The Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1196, St. Louis, MO 63130, United States of America
| | - Charlene Caburnay
- Health Communication Research Laboratory, The Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1196, St. Louis, MO 63130, United States of America
| | - Enguday Teshome
- Health Communication Research Laboratory, The Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1196, St. Louis, MO 63130, United States of America
| | - Saneel Kulkarni
- Centene Center for Health Transformation, Centene Corporation, 7700 Forsyth Blvd, St. Louis, MO 63015, United States of America
| | | | - Jennifer Wolff
- Health Communication Research Laboratory, The Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1196, St. Louis, MO 63130, United States of America
| | - Amy McQueen
- Health Communication Research Laboratory, The Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1196, St. Louis, MO 63130, United States of America; Division of General Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, 4523 Clayton Ave., Campus Box 8005, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America
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9
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Garg R, McQueen A, Roberts C, Butler T, Grimes LM, Thompson T, Caburnay C, Wolff J, Javed I, Carpenter KM, Wartts JG, Charles C, Howard V, Kreuter MW. Stress, depression, sleep problems and unmet social needs: Baseline characteristics of low-income smokers in a randomized cessation trial. Contemp Clin Trials Commun 2021; 24:100857. [PMID: 34849423 PMCID: PMC8609143 DOI: 10.1016/j.conctc.2021.100857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low-income Americans smoke cigarettes at higher rates and quit less than other groups. METHODS To increase their engagement in and success using evidence-based cessation methods, we tested two interventions using a 2x2 randomized factorial design: (1) telephone navigation to reduce financial strain and address social needs such as food, rent and utility payment; and (2) a specialized tobacco quitline designed for low-income smokers. From June 2017 to November 2020, we enrolled 1,944 low-income smokers in Missouri, USA, recruited through the Missouri 2-1-1 helpline, into the trial. This paper describes recruitment, key characteristics and life circumstances of this high-risk population. RESULTS After eligibility screening, 1,944 participants completed baseline and were randomized. Participants were racially diverse (58% African American), poor (51% < $10,000 annual pre-tax household income) and many reported less than high school education (30%). They reported a mean of 2.5 unmet social needs, especially childcare and paying bills, had high rates of stress, depressive symptoms and sleep problems, and most were in fair or poor health. There were few differences between these variables, and no differences between tobacco use and cessation variables, across the four study groups and between participants recruited pre and during the COVID-19 pandemic. CONCLUSIONS Trial recruitment through the 2-1-1 helpline is feasible for reaching a population of low-income smokers. Low-income smokers face myriad daily challenges beyond quitting smoking. Cessation interventions need to account for and address these life circumstances. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinicaltrials.gov NCT03194958.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Garg
- Health Communication Research Laboratory, Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Amy McQueen
- Health Communication Research Laboratory, Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Division of General Medical Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Christina Roberts
- Health Communication Research Laboratory, Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Taylor Butler
- Health Communication Research Laboratory, Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Lauren M Grimes
- Health Communication Research Laboratory, Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Tess Thompson
- Health Communication Research Laboratory, Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Charlene Caburnay
- Health Communication Research Laboratory, Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jennifer Wolff
- Health Communication Research Laboratory, Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Irum Javed
- Health Communication Research Laboratory, Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Jordyn G Wartts
- Health Communication Research Laboratory, Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Cindy Charles
- Health Communication Research Laboratory, Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Valerie Howard
- Tobacco Prevention and Control Program, Missouri Department of Health and Senior Services, Jefferson City, MO, USA
| | - Matthew W Kreuter
- Health Communication Research Laboratory, Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
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10
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Kreuter M, Garg R, Thompson T, McQueen A, Javed I, Golla B, Caburnay C, Greer R. Assessing The Capacity Of Local Social Services Agencies To Respond To Referrals From Health Care Providers. Health Aff (Millwood) 2021; 39:679-688. [PMID: 32250682 DOI: 10.1377/hlthaff.2019.01256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Health care providers are increasingly screening low-income patients for social needs and making referrals to social services agencies to assist in resolving them. A major assumption of this approach is that local social services providers have the capacity and resources to help. To explore this assumption, we examined 711,613 requests related to fifty different social needs received from callers to 211 helplines in seven states during 2018. Our analyses focused on the proportion of requests for which referrals could not be made because of low capacity in the social services system. We examined the extent to which the capacity of this system varied by type of social need, ZIP code, and time of year, and we classified social needs in a new typology based on prevalence and system capacity. It is clear that health care's current screening and referral approach is appropriate for some social needs but not others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Kreuter
- Matthew Kreuter ( mkreuter@wustl. edu ) is the Kahn Family Professor of Public Health in the Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, in Missouri
| | - Rachel Garg
- Rachel Garg is a PhD student in public health sciences at the Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis
| | - Tess Thompson
- Tess Thompson is a research assistant professor of public health in the Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis
| | - Amy McQueen
- Amy McQueen is an associate professor in the School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis
| | - Irum Javed
- Irum Javed is a data analyst in the Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis
| | - Balaji Golla
- Balaji Golla is a database developer in the Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis
| | - Charlene Caburnay
- Charlene Caburnay is president of Health Communication Impact LLC, in St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Regina Greer
- Regina Greer is senior vice president of community partnerships at United Way of Greater St. Louis, in Missouri
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11
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Purnell JQ, Lobb Dougherty N, Kryzer EK, Bajracharya S, Chaitan VL, Combs T, Ballard E, Simpson A, Caburnay C, Poor TJ, Pearson CJ, Reiter C, Adams KR, Brown M. Research to Translation: The Healthy Schools Toolkit and New Approaches to the Whole School, Whole Community, Whole Child Model. Journal of School Health 2020; 90:948-963. [PMID: 33184882 PMCID: PMC7702139 DOI: 10.1111/josh.12958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Whole School, Whole Community, Whole Child (WSCC) model is an evidence-based comprehensive framework to address health in schools. WSCC model use improves health and educational outcomes, but implementation remains a challenge. METHODS Working with 6 schools in 2 districts in the Midwest, we used a mixed-methods approach to determine the people, systems, and messages needed to activate WSCC implementation. We report on social network analysis and message testing findings and research translation to develop the Healthy Schools Toolkit. RESULTS Social networks for both districts included more than 150 individuals. Both demonstrated network densities less than half of the desirable threshold, with evidence of clustering by role and minimal cross-school relationships, posing challenges for WSCC implementation. Across stakeholder groups, messages that emphasize empathy, teamwork, and action were well-received, especially when shared by trusted individuals through communication channels that align with stakeholder needs. CONCLUSIONS The Healthy Schools Toolkit provides an example of a translational product that helps to bridge research with practice. With features that highlight 6 design principles, the toolkit provides complementary activities that schools and districts can use as they plan for integration of the WSCC model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Q Purnell
- Associate Professor, Brown School|Director, , Health Equity Works, Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1196, St. Louis, MO 63130
| | - Nikole Lobb Dougherty
- Associate Director, , Evaluation Center, Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1196, St. Louis, MO 63130
| | - Emily K Kryzer
- Project Coordinator, , Health Equity Works, Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1196, St. Louis, MO 63130
| | - Smriti Bajracharya
- Project Coordinator, , Center for Public Health Systems Science, Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1196, St. Louis, MO 63130
| | - Veronica L Chaitan
- Data Analyst, , Center for Public Health Systems Science, Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1196, St. Louis, MO 63130
| | - Todd Combs
- Research Assistant Professor|Assistant Director of Research, , Center for Public Health Systems Science, Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1196, St. Louis, MO 63130
| | - Ellis Ballard
- Assistant Professor of Practice|Director, , Social System Design Lab, Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1196, St. Louis, MO 63130
| | - Allie Simpson
- Program Coordinator for K-12 Education, , Social System Design Lab, Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1196, St. Louis, MO 63130
| | - Charlene Caburnay
- Research Assistant Professor|Co-Director, , Health Communication Research Laboratory, Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1196, St. Louis, MO 63130
| | - Timothy J Poor
- Publications Editor, , Health Communication Research Laboratory, Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1196, St. Louis, MO 63130
| | - Charles J Pearson
- (Retired) Superintendent of Schools, , Normandy Schools Collaborative, 8283 Glen Echo Drive, St. Louis, MO 63121
| | - Crystal Reiter
- Director of Curriculum and Instruction, , Normandy Schools Collaborative, 3855 Lucas and Hunt Road, St. Louis, MO 63121
| | - Kelvin R Adams
- Superintendent of Schools, , St. Louis Public Schools, 801 N. 11th Street, St. Louis, MO 63101
| | - Michael Brown
- Deputy Superintendent, , Office of Student Support Services, St. Louis Public Schools, 801 N. 11th Street, St. Louis, MO 63101
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12
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McQueen A, Caburnay C, Kreuter M, Sefko J. Improving Adherence to Colorectal Cancer Screening: A Randomized Intervention to Compare Screener vs. Survivor Narratives. J Health Commun 2019; 24:141-155. [PMID: 30924402 PMCID: PMC6459702 DOI: 10.1080/10810730.2019.1587109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Interventions are needed to increase colorectal cancer screening (CRCS) uptake. Narratives may have advantages over didactic information. We tested different narratives for increasing CRCS intentions and behaviors, and examined their mechanisms of influence. We randomized 477 unscreened adults 50-75 years old to one of three groups: CRCS information only (1) or CRCS information plus a photo and text narrative of a CRC survivor (2) or CRC screener who did not have cancer (3). Photos were tailored on participants' sex, age group, and race/ethnicity. Participants completed online surveys before and after intervention exposure, and 1-, 6-, and 12-months follow-up. Thirty percent of participants completed CRCS. Narrative conditions (vs. information only) were negatively associated with intention, but also positively influenced intentions through greater emotional engagement. Survivor (vs. screener) narratives were positively associated with CRCS, and had mixed effects on intention - positively through emotional engagement and negatively through self-referencing engagement to self-efficacy. Survivor narratives elicited more negative affect, which had positive and negative influences on intention. Continued research using path models to understand the mechanisms of narrative effects will inform theory development and message design. Additional measurement evaluation is needed to adequately capture and then compare the effects of different components of narrative engagement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy McQueen
- Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, 4523 Clayton Ave., Campus Box 8005, St. Louis MO 63110
| | - Charlene Caburnay
- Washington University in St. Louis, School of Social Work, 1 Brookings Dr., Campus Box 1196, St. Louis MO 63130
| | - Matthew Kreuter
- Washington University in St. Louis, School of Social Work, 1 Brookings Dr., Campus Box 1196, St. Louis MO 63130
| | - Julianne Sefko
- Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, 4523 Clayton Ave., Campus Box 8005, St. Louis MO 63110
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13
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McQueen A, Roberts C, Garg R, Caburnay C, Fu Q, Gordon J, Bush T, Pokojski R, Thompson T, Kreuter M. Specialized tobacco quitline and basic needs navigation interventions to increase cessation among low income smokers: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Contemp Clin Trials 2019; 80:40-47. [PMID: 30904596 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2019.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Smoking in the United States follows a clear socioeconomic gradient: low-income Americans smoke more and quit less than those with more education and income. Evidence-based interventions like tobacco quitlines are designed to make effective cessation services available on a population basis to all smokers. However, these interventions do not address many of the unique challenges faced by low-income smokers, including unmet basic needs like food, housing, personal safety and money for necessities that often supersede health needs. Research is needed to maximize the use and effectiveness of tobacco quitlines in low-income populations. This paper details the rationale, design and methods for a 2 × 2 randomized controlled trial currently underway comparing the effects of Standard and Specialized Tobacco Quitlines with and without Basic Needs Navigation on intervention engagement and smoking cessation among low-income smokers. Smokers are recruited from United Way 2-1-1 in Missouri and all participants receive tobacco quitline services from Optum. Quitline and navigation services are provided for 3 months. Participants complete telephone surveys at baseline, 3- and 6-month follow up. The primary study outcome is self-reported 7-day point prevalence abstinence at 6-month follow up. Embedding the study in practice agencies will accelerate dissemination and scalability should our findings demonstrate intervention effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy McQueen
- Washington University, School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, United States of America; Washington University, Brown School, Health Communication Research Laboratory, United States of America.
| | - Christina Roberts
- Washington University, Brown School, Health Communication Research Laboratory, United States of America
| | - Rachel Garg
- Washington University, Brown School, Health Communication Research Laboratory, United States of America
| | - Charlene Caburnay
- Washington University, Brown School, Health Communication Research Laboratory, United States of America
| | - Qiang Fu
- Saint Louis University College for Public Health and Social Justice, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, United States of America
| | - Jacob Gordon
- Washington University, Brown School, Health Communication Research Laboratory, United States of America
| | - Terry Bush
- Optum Center for Wellbeing Research, United States of America
| | - Robin Pokojski
- United Way of Greater St. Louis, United States of America
| | - Tess Thompson
- Washington University, Brown School, Health Communication Research Laboratory, United States of America
| | - Matthew Kreuter
- Washington University, Brown School, Health Communication Research Laboratory, United States of America
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14
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Deal C, Bogdan R, Miller JP, Rodebaugh T, Caburnay C, Yingling M, Hershey T, Schweiger J, Lenze EJ. Effects of Cable News Watching on Older Adults' Physiological and Self-Reported Stress and Cognitive Function. Int J Aging Hum Dev 2017; 87:111-123. [PMID: 29139320 DOI: 10.1177/0091415017729684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Older adults are the largest consumer of cable news, which includes negative and politicized content and may constitute a daily stressor. As older adults are also vulnerable to the negative consequences of stress, we hypothesized that cable news watching could induce a stress reaction and impair cognitive function. We tested exposures to cable news (i.e., Fox News and MSNBC) in a within-subject randomized controlled design in 34 healthy older adults. We also included negative (Public Broadcasting Station) and positive (trier social stress test) controls. Cable news watching had no effect on psychological stress, physiological stress, or cognitive function. This remained true even if the news exposures were discordant with participants' political affiliation. We conclude that brief cable news watching does not induce a physiological or subjective stress response or cognitive impairment among healthy older adults.
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15
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Patterson Silver Wolf DA, Tovar M, Thompson K, Ishcomer J, Kreuter MW, Caburnay C, Boyum S. Speaking out about physical harms from tobacco use: response to graphic warning labels among American Indian/Alaska Native communities. BMJ Open 2016; 6:e008777. [PMID: 27009143 PMCID: PMC4809091 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-008777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Revised: 10/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study is the first to explore the impact of graphic cigarette labels with physical harm images on members of American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) communities. The aim of this article is to investigate how AI/AN respond to particular graphic warning labels. METHODS The parent study recruited smokers, at-risk smokers and non-smokers from three different age groups (youths aged 13-17 years, young adults aged 18-24 years and adults aged 25+ years) and five population subgroups with high smoking prevalence or smoking risk. Using nine graphic labels, this study collected participant data in the field via an iPad-administered survey and card sorting of graphic warning labels. This paper reports on findings for AI/AN participants. RESULTS After viewing graphic warning labels, participants rated their likelihood of talking about smoking risks to friends, parents and siblings higher than their likelihood of talking to teachers and doctors. Further, this study found that certain labels (eg, the label of the toddler in the smoke cloud) made them think about their friends and family who smoke. CONCLUSIONS Given the influence of community social networks on health beliefs and attitudes, health communication using graphic warning labels could effect change in the smoking habits of AI/AN community members. Study findings suggest that graphic labels could serve as stimuli for conversations about the risks of smoking among AI/AN community members, and could be an important element of a peer-to-peer smoking cessation effort.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Molly Tovar
- Kathryn M Buder Center for American Indian Studies, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Kellie Thompson
- Brown School of Social Work, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Jamie Ishcomer
- Kathryn M Buder Center for American Indian Studies, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Matthew W Kreuter
- Health Communication Research Laboratory, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Charlene Caburnay
- Health Communication Research Laboratory, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Sonia Boyum
- Health Communication Research Laboratory, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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Abstract
A national survey of readers of black newspapers shows that whether readers depend on black newspapers for cancer and health information depends on their black newspaper use, black self-identity and general media dependency.
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Froehlich-Grobe K, Andresen EM, Caburnay C, White GW. Measuring health-related quality of life for persons with mobility impairments: an enabled version of the short-form 36 (SF-36E). Qual Life Res 2008; 17:751-70. [DOI: 10.1007/s11136-008-9342-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2007] [Accepted: 03/31/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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