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Patel SP, Othus M, Chae YK, Dennis MJ, Gordon S, Mutch D, Samlowski W, Robinson WR“R, Sharon E, Ryan C, Lopez G, Plets M, Blanke C, Kurzrock R. A Phase II Basket Trial of Dual Anti-CTLA-4 and Anti-PD-1 Blockade in Rare Tumors (DART SWOG 1609 Cohort 47) in Patients with Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia. Clin Cancer Res 2024; 30:33-38. [PMID: 37882676 PMCID: PMC10842092 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-23-2293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade in gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) remains uncertain. We report the results of the GTN cohort of SWOG S1609 dual anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 blockade in rare tumors (DART). PATIENTS AND METHODS This prospective, open-label phase II trial evaluated ipilimumab plus nivolumab across multiple rare tumor cohorts, including GTN. Eligible patients received nivolumab 240 mg, i.v. every 2 weeks and ipilimumab 1 mg/kg i.v. every 6 weeks. The primary endpoint was overall response rate [ORR; complete response (CR) + partial response (PR)] by quantitative serum beta human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG); secondary endpoints included progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and toxicity. RESULTS Four patients with refractory GTN enrolled and received therapy. At 11 months of ongoing follow-up, 3 of 4 patients responded [ORR = 75% (CR, 25%, n = 1, tumor mutation burden = 1 mutation/megabase; PD-L1 tumor proportion score = 50%); PR, 50%, n = 2)]. Responders included malignant gestational trophoblastic neoplasm (n = 1, CR, PFS 11+ months) and choriocarcinoma (n = 2, both PRs, PFS 10+ and 6+ months). One patient with epithelioid trophoblastic tumor experienced disease progression. The 6-month PFS was 75% [95% confidence interval (CI), 43%-100%], and the median PFS was not reached (range, 35-339+ days); all 4 patients were alive at last follow-up. Two patients experienced grade 3 immune-related toxicity (arthralgia and colitis); there were no grade ≥4 events. CONCLUSIONS Ipilimumab plus nivolumab demonstrated efficacy in chemotherapy-refractory GTN, an ultra-rare cancer affecting young women. Three of 4 patients achieved ongoing objective responses with a reasonable safety profile at 6-11+ months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandip P. Patel
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of California San Diego Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Megan Othus
- SWOG Statistical and Data Management Center/Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Young Kwang Chae
- Division of Medical Oncology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Michael J. Dennis
- Division of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sarah Gordon
- Virginia Commonwealth University/Massey Cancer Center Division of Hematology, Oncology, Palliative Care, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA (during conduct of trial); Thomas Jefferson University/Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA (current affiliation)
| | - David Mutch
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Wolfram Samlowski
- Division of Medical Oncology, Nevada Cancer Institute, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - William R. “Rusty” Robinson
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Mississippi Medical Center Cancer Center and Research Institute, Jackson, MS, USA (during conduct of trial); Tulane Medical School, New Orleans, LA, USA (current affiliation)
| | - Elad Sharon
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Christopher Ryan
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Oregon Health and Science University Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Gabby Lopez
- SWOG Statistical and Data Management Center/Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Melissa Plets
- SWOG Statistical and Data Management Center/Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Charles Blanke
- SWOG Group Chair’s Office/Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Razelle Kurzrock
- Division of Medical Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin Froedtert Cancer Center, Milwaukee, WI, USA
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Wang QL, Ma C, Yuan C, Shi Q, Wolpin BM, Zhang Y, Fuchs CS, Meyer J, Zemla T, Cheng E, Kumthekar P, Guthrie KA, Couture F, Kuebler P, Kumar P, Tan B, Krishnamurthi S, Goldberg RM, Venook A, Blanke C, Shields AF, O’Reilly EM, Meyerhardt JA, Ng K. Plasma 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels and Survival in Stage III Colon Cancer: Findings from CALGB/SWOG 80702 (Alliance). Clin Cancer Res 2023; 29:2621-2630. [PMID: 37289007 PMCID: PMC10524689 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-23-0447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess whether higher plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] is associated with improved outcomes in colon cancer and whether circulating inflammatory cytokines mediate such association. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Plasma samples were collected from 1,437 patients with stage III colon cancer enrolled in a phase III randomized clinical trial (CALGB/SWOG 80702) from 2010 to 2015, who were followed until 2020. Cox regressions were used to examine associations between plasma 25(OH)D and disease-free survival (DFS), overall survival (OS), and time to recurrence (TTR). Mediation analysis was performed for circulating inflammatory biomarkers of C-reactive protein (CRP), IL6, and soluble TNF receptor 2 (sTNF-R2). RESULTS Vitamin D deficiency [25(OH)D <12 ng/mL] was present in 13% of total patients at baseline and in 32% of Black patients. Compared with deficiency, nondeficient vitamin D status (≥12 ng/mL) was significantly associated with improved DFS, OS, and TTR (all Plog-rank<0.05), with multivariable-adjusted HRs of 0.68 (95% confidence interval, 0.51-0.92) for DFS, 0.57 (0.40-0.80) for OS, and 0.71 (0.52-0.98) for TTR. A U-shaped dose-response pattern was observed for DFS and OS (both Pnonlinearity<0.05). The proportion of the association with survival that was mediated by sTNF-R2 was 10.6% (Pmediation = 0.04) for DFS and 11.8% (Pmediation = 0.05) for OS, whereas CRP and IL6 were not shown to be mediators. Plasma 25(OH)D was not associated with the occurrence of ≥ grade 2 adverse events. CONCLUSIONS Nondeficient vitamin D is associated with improved outcomes in patients with stage III colon cancer, largely independent of circulation inflammations. A randomized trial is warranted to elucidate whether adjuvant vitamin D supplementation improves patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao-Li Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chao Ma
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chen Yuan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Qian Shi
- Alliance Statistics and Data Management Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Brian M. Wolpin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yin Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Charles S. Fuchs
- Genentech and Roche, South San Francisco, CA, USA
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, Smilow Cancer Hospital, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jeffrey Meyer
- Alliance Statistics and Data Management Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Tyler Zemla
- Alliance Statistics and Data Management Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - En Cheng
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Priya Kumthekar
- Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Lou & Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute at the Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Katherine A. Guthrie
- SWOG Statistics and Data Management Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Philip Kuebler
- Columbus NCI Community Oncology Research Program, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | - Benjamin Tan
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Smitha Krishnamurthi
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Alan Venook
- University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Charles Blanke
- SWOG Cancer Research Network Group Chair’s Office, Oregon Health and Science University Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Anthony F. Shields
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Eileen M. O’Reilly
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, and Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jeffrey A. Meyerhardt
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kimmie Ng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Lee S, Ma C, Shi Q, Kumar P, Couture F, Kuebler P, Krishnamurthi S, Lewis D, Tan B, Goldberg RM, Venook A, Blanke C, O'Reilly EM, Shields AF, Meyerhardt JA. Potential Mediators of Oxaliplatin-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy From Adjuvant Therapy in Stage III Colon Cancer: Findings From CALGB (Alliance)/SWOG 80702. J Clin Oncol 2023; 41:1079-1091. [PMID: 36367997 PMCID: PMC9928634 DOI: 10.1200/jco.22.01637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We sought to evaluate the independent and interactive associations of planned treatment duration, celecoxib use, physical activity, body mass index (BMI), diabetes mellitus, and vitamin B6 with oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy (OIPN) among patients with stage III colon cancer enrolled in a clinical trial. METHODS We conducted a prospective, observational study of 2,450 patients with stage III colon cancer enrolled in the CALGB/SWOG 80702 trial, randomly assigned to 6 versus 12 cycles of adjuvant fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin chemotherapy with or without 3 years of celecoxib. OIPN was reported using the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) during and following completion of chemotherapy and the FACT/GOG-NTX-13 15-17 months after random assignment. Multivariate analyses were adjusted for baseline sociodemographic and clinical factors. RESULTS Patients assigned to 12 treatment cycles, relative to 6, were significantly more likely to experience higher-grade CTCAE- and FACT/GOG-NTX-13-reported neuropathy and longer times to resolution, while neither celecoxib nor vitamin B6 intake attenuated OIPN. Exercising ≥ 9 MET-hours per week after treatment relative to < 9 was associated with improvements in FACT/GOG-NTX-13-reported OIPN (adjusted difference in means, 1.47; 95% CI, 0.49 to 2.45; P = .003). Compared with patients with baseline BMIs < 25, those with BMIs ≥ 25 were at significantly greater risk of developing higher-grade CTCAE-reported OIPN during (adjusted odds ratio, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.00 to 1.40; P = .05) and following completion (adjusted odds ratio, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.50; P = .04) of oxaliplatin treatment. Patients with diabetes were significantly more likely to experience worse FACT/GOG-NTX-13-reported neuropathy relative to those without (adjusted difference in means, -2.0; 95% CI, -3.3 to -0.73; P = .002). There were no significant interactions between oxaliplatin treatment duration and any of these potentially modifiable exposures. CONCLUSION Lower physical activity, higher BMI, diabetes, and longer planned treatment duration, but not celecoxib use or vitamin B6 intake, may be associated with significantly increased OIPN severity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chao Ma
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber/Partners CancerCare, Boston, MA
| | - Qian Shi
- Alliance Statistics and Data Management Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Pankaj Kumar
- Heartland Cancer Research NCORP, Illinois CancerCare PC, Peoria, IL
| | | | - Philip Kuebler
- Columbus NCI Community Oncology Research Program, Columbus, OH
| | | | - DeQuincy Lewis
- Southeast Clinical Oncology Research Consortium NCORP, Cone Health Medical Group, Asheboro, NC
| | - Benjamin Tan
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO
| | | | - Alan Venook
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Charles Blanke
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Eileen M. O'Reilly
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY
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Snyder RA, He J, Le-Rademacher J, Ou FS, Dodge AB, Zemla TJ, Paskett ED, Chang GJ, Innocenti F, Blanke C, Lenz HJ, Polite BN, Venook AP. Racial differences in survival and response to therapy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer: A secondary analysis of CALGB/SWOG 80405 (Alliance A151931). Cancer 2021; 127:3801-3808. [PMID: 34374082 PMCID: PMC8478698 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.33649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between self-identified race and overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and response to therapy among patients enrolled in the randomized Cancer and Leukemia Group B (CALGB)/SWOG 80405 trial. METHODS Patients with advanced or metastatic colorectal cancer who were enrolled in the CALGB/SWOG 80405 trial were identified by race. On the basis of covariates (treatment arm, KRAS status, sex, age, and body mass index), each Black patient was exact matched with a White patient. The association between race and OS and PFS was examined using a marginal Cox proportional hazard model for matched pairs. The interaction between KRAS status and race was tested in the model. The association between race and response to therapy and adverse events were examined using a marginal logistic regression model. RESULTS In total, 392 patients were matched and included in the final data set. No difference in OS (hazard ratio [HR], 0.92; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.73-1.16), PFS (HR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.78-1.20), or response to therapy (odds ratio [OR], 1.00; 95% CI, 0.65-1.52) was observed between Black and White patients. Patients with KRAS mutant status (HR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.02-1.67), a performance statusscore of 1 (reference, a performance status of 0; HR, 1.49; 95% CI, 1.18-1.88), or ≥3 metastatic sites (reference, 1 metastatic site; HR, 1.67; 95% CI, 1.22-2.28) experienced worse OS. Black patients experienced lower rates and risk of grade ≥3 fatigue (6.6% vs 13.3%; OR, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.24-0.91) but were equally likely to be treated with a dose reduction (OR, 1.09; 95% CI, 0.72-1.65). CONCLUSIONS No difference in OS, PFS, or response to therapy was observed between Black patients and White patients in an equal treatment setting of the CALGB/SWOG 80405 randomized controlled trial. LAY SUMMARY Despite improvements in screening and treatment, studies have demonstrated worse outcomes in Black patients with colorectal cancer. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there was a difference in cancer-specific outcomes among Black and White patients receiving equivalent treatment on the CALGB/SWOG 80405 randomized clinical trial. In this study, there was no difference in overall survival, progression-free survival, or response to therapy between Black and White patients treated on a clinical trial. These findings suggest that access to care and differences in treatment may be responsible for racial disparities in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca A. Snyder
- Department of Surgery and Public Health, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University. Greenville, North Carolina
| | - Jun He
- Alliance Statistics and Data Center, Mayo Clinic. Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Fang-Shu Ou
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic. Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Andrew B. Dodge
- Alliance Statistics and Data Center, Mayo Clinic. Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Tyler J. Zemla
- Alliance Statistics and Data Center, Mayo Clinic. Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - George J. Chang
- Departments of Surgical Oncology and Health Services Research, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center. Houston, Texas
| | - Federico Innocenti
- Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Charles Blanke
- Southwest Oncology Group Chair’s Office and Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University. Portland, Oregon
| | - Heinz-Josef Lenz
- Department of Preventative Medicine, University of Southern California/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles. Los Angeles, California
| | - Blase N. Polite
- University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer Center. Chicago, Illinois
| | - Alan P. Venook
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco. San Francisco, California
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Wagner MJ, Othus M, Patel SP, Ryan C, Sangal A, Powers B, Budd GT, Victor AI, Hsueh CT, Chugh R, Nair S, Leu KM, Agulnik M, Sharon E, Mayerson E, Plets M, Blanke C, Streicher H, Chae YK, Kurzrock R. Multicenter phase II trial (SWOG S1609, cohort 51) of ipilimumab and nivolumab in metastatic or unresectable angiosarcoma: a substudy of dual anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 blockade in rare tumors (DART). J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:jitc-2021-002990. [PMID: 34380663 PMCID: PMC8330584 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2021-002990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Angiosarcoma is a rare aggressive endothelial cell cancer with high mortality. Isolated reports suggest immune checkpoint inhibition efficacy in angiosarcoma, but no prospective studies have been published. We report results for angiosarcoma treated with ipilimumab and nivolumab as a cohort of an ongoing rare cancer study. Methods This is a prospective, open-label, multicenter phase II clinical trial of ipilimumab (1 mg/kg intravenously every 6 weeks) plus nivolumab (240 mg intravenously every 2 weeks) for metastatic or unresectable angiosarcoma. Primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR) per RECIST 1.1. Secondary endpoints include progression-free (PFS) and overall survival, and toxicity. A two-stage design was used. Results Overall, there were 16 evaluable patients. Median age was 68 years (range, 25–81); median number of prior lines of therapy, 2. Nine patients had cutaneous and seven non-cutaneous primary tumors. ORR was 25% (4/16). Sixty per cent of patients (3/5) with primary cutaneous scalp or face tumors attained a confirmed response. Six-month PFS was 38%. Altogether, 75% of patients experienced an adverse event (AE) (at least possibly related to drug) (25% grade 3–4 AE); 68.8%, an immune-related AE (irAE) (2 (12.5%), grade 3 or 4 irAEs (alanine aminotransferase/aspartate aminotransferase increase and diarrhea)). There were no grade 5 toxicities. One of seven patients in whom tumor mutation burden (TMB) was assessed showed a high TMB (24 mutations/mb); that patient achieved a partial response (PR). Two of three patients with PDL1 immunohistochemistry assessed had high PDL1 expression; one achieved a PR. Conclusion The combination of ipilimumab and nivolumab demonstrated an ORR of 25% in angiosarcoma, with three of five patients with cutaneous tumors of the scalp or face responding. Ipilimumab and nivolumab warrant further investigation in angiosarcoma. Trial registration number NCT02834013.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Wagner
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA .,Medical Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Megan Othus
- SWOG Statistical and Data Management Center/Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Sandip P Patel
- Department of Medicine, UCSD Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Chris Ryan
- Department of Medicine, OHSU, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Ashish Sangal
- Western Regional Medical Center, Goodyear, Arizona, USA
| | - Benjamin Powers
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - G Thomas Budd
- Hematology and Medical Oncology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Adrienne I Victor
- Department of Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | | | - Rashmi Chugh
- Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Suresh Nair
- Lehigh Valley Health Network, Allentown, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kirsten M Leu
- Nebraska Methodist Health System, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Mark Agulnik
- Medical Oncology & Therapeutics Research, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, California, USA.,Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Elad Sharon
- Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Edward Mayerson
- SWOG Statistical and Data Management Center/Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Melissa Plets
- SWOG Statistical and Data Management Center/Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Charles Blanke
- Department of Medicine, OHSU, Portland, Oregon, USA.,SWOG, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Howard Streicher
- Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Young Kwang Chae
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Razelle Kurzrock
- Department of Medicine, UCSD Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, California, USA
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6
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Cohen R, Shi Q, Meyers J, Jin Z, Svrcek M, Fuchs C, Couture F, Kuebler P, Ciombor KK, Bendell J, De Jesus-Acosta A, Kumar P, Lewis D, Tan B, Bertagnolli MM, Philip P, Blanke C, O'Reilly EM, Shields A, Meyerhardt JA. Combining tumor deposits with the number of lymph node metastases to improve the prognostic accuracy in stage III colon cancer: a post hoc analysis of the CALGB/SWOG 80702 phase III study (Alliance) ☆. Ann Oncol 2021; 32:1267-1275. [PMID: 34293461 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In colon cancer, tumor deposits (TD) are considered in assigning prognosis and staging only in the absence of lymph node metastasis (i.e. stage III pN1c tumors). We aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of the presence and the number of TD in patients with stage III, node-positive colon cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS All participants from the CALGB/SWOG 80702 phase III trial were included in this post hoc analysis. Pathology reports were reviewed for the presence and the number of TD, lymphovascular and perineural invasion. Associations with disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were evaluated by multivariable Cox models adjusting for sex, treatment arm, T-stage, N-stage, lymphovascular invasion, perineural invasion and lymph node ratio. RESULTS Overall, 2028 patients were included with 524 (26%) TD-positive and 1504 (74%) TD-negative tumors. Of the TD-positive patients, 80 (15.4%) were node negative (i.e. pN1c), 239 (46.1%) were pN1a/b (<4 positive lymph nodes) and 200 (38.5%) were pN2 (≥4 positive lymph nodes). The presence of TD was associated with poorer DFS [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) = 1.63, 95% CI 1.33-1.98] and OS (aHR = 1.59, 95% CI 1.24-2.04). The negative effect of TD was observed for both pN1a/b and pN2 groups. Among TD-positive patients, the number of TD had a linear negative effect on DFS and OS. Combining TD and the number of lymph node metastases, 104 of 1470 (7.1%) pN1 patients were re-staged as pN2, with worse outcomes than patients confirmed as pN1 (3-year DFS rate: 65.4% versus 80.5%, P = 0.0003; 5-year OS rate: 87.9% versus 69.1%, P = <0.0001). DFS was not different between patients re-staged as pN2 and those initially staged as pN2 (3-year DFS rate: 65.4% versus 62.3%, P = 0.4895). CONCLUSION Combining the number of TD and the number of lymph node metastases improved the prognostication accuracy of tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) staging.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Cohen
- Department of Health Science Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA; Sorbonne Université, Department of Medical Oncology, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité des Microsatellites et Cancer, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Paris, France.
| | - Q Shi
- Alliance Statistics and Data Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA
| | - J Meyers
- Alliance Statistics and Data Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA
| | - Z Jin
- Division of Oncology, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Comprehensive Cancer Center, Rochester, USA
| | - M Svrcek
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité des Microsatellites et Cancer, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Department of Pathology, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Paris, France
| | - C Fuchs
- Genentech, South San Francisco, USA; Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, and Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, USA
| | - F Couture
- Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - P Kuebler
- Columbus NCI Community Clinical Oncology Research Program, Columbus, USA
| | - K K Ciombor
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA
| | - J Bendell
- Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, USA
| | - A De Jesus-Acosta
- Department of Medical Oncology, John Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA
| | - P Kumar
- Illinois Cancercare, P.C., Peoria, USA
| | - D Lewis
- Southeast Clinical Oncology Research, Cone Health Medical Group, Asheboro, USA
| | - B Tan
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, USA
| | - M M Bertagnolli
- Office of the Alliance Group Chair, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - P Philip
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, USA
| | - C Blanke
- SWOG Cancer Research Network Group Chair's Office, Oregon Health and Science University Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, USA
| | - E M O'Reilly
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, and Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - A Shields
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, USA
| | - J A Meyerhardt
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber/Partners Cancer Care, Boston, USA
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Meyerhardt JA, Shi Q, Fuchs CS, Meyer J, Niedzwiecki D, Zemla T, Kumthekar P, Guthrie KA, Couture F, Kuebler P, Bendell JC, Kumar P, Lewis D, Tan B, Bertagnolli M, Grothey A, Hochster HS, Goldberg RM, Venook A, Blanke C, O’Reilly EM, Shields AF. Effect of Celecoxib vs Placebo Added to Standard Adjuvant Therapy on Disease-Free Survival Among Patients With Stage III Colon Cancer: The CALGB/SWOG 80702 (Alliance) Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2021; 325:1277-1286. [PMID: 33821899 PMCID: PMC8025124 DOI: 10.1001/jama.2021.2454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Importance Aspirin and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) inhibitors have been associated with a reduced risk of colorectal polyps and cancer in observational and randomized studies. The effect of celecoxib, a COX-2 inhibitor, as treatment for nonmetastatic colon cancer is unknown. Objective To determine if the addition of celecoxib to adjuvant chemotherapy with fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin (FOLFOX) improves disease-free survival in patients with stage III colon cancer. Design, Setting, and Participants Cancer and Leukemia Group B (Alliance)/Southwest Oncology Group 80702 was a 2 × 2 factorial design, phase 3 trial conducted at 654 community and academic centers throughout the United States and Canada. A total of 2526 patients with stage III colon cancer were enrolled between June 2010 and November 2015 and were followed up through August 10, 2020. Interventions Patients were randomized to receive adjuvant FOLFOX (every 2 weeks) for 3 vs 6 months with or without 3 years of celecoxib (400 mg orally daily; n = 1263) vs placebo (n = 1261). This report focuses on the results of the celecoxib randomization. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary end point was disease-free survival, measured from the time of randomization until documented recurrence or death from any cause. Secondary end points included overall survival, adverse events, and cardiovascular-specific events. Results Of the 2526 patients who were randomized (mean [SD] age, 61.0 years [11 years]; 1134 women [44.9%]), 2524 were included in the primary analysis. Adherence with protocol treatment, defined as receiving celecoxib or placebo for more than 2.75 years or continuing treatment until recurrence, death, or unacceptable adverse events, was 70.8% for patients treated with celecoxib and 69.9% for patients treated with placebo. A total of 337 patients randomized to celecoxib and 363 to placebo experienced disease recurrence or died, and with 6 years' median follow-up, the 3-year disease-free survival was 76.3% for celecoxib-treated patients vs 73.4% for placebo-treated patients (hazard ratio [HR] for disease recurrence or death, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.76-1.03; P = .12). The effect of celecoxib treatment on disease-free survival did not vary significantly according to assigned duration of adjuvant chemotherapy (P for interaction = .61). Five-year overall survival was 84.3% for celecoxib vs 81.6% for placebo (HR for death, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.72-1.04; P = .13). Hypertension (any grade) occurred while treated with FOLFOX in 14.6% of patients in the celecoxib group vs 10.9% of patients in the placebo group, and a grade 2 or higher increase in creatinine levels occurred after completion of FOLFOX in 1.7% vs 0.5% of patients, respectively. Conclusions and Relevance Among patients with stage III colon cancer, the addition of celecoxib for 3 years, compared with placebo, to standard adjuvant chemotherapy did not significantly improve disease-free survival. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01150045.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey A. Meyerhardt
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber/Partners CancerCare, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Qian Shi
- Alliance Statistics and Data Management Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Charles S. Fuchs
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, Smilow Cancer Hospital, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Jeffrey Meyer
- Alliance Statistics and Data Management Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Donna Niedzwiecki
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Tyler Zemla
- Alliance Statistics and Data Management Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Priya Kumthekar
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Katherine A. Guthrie
- SWOG Statistics and Data Management Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | | | - Philip Kuebler
- Columbus NCI Community Oncology Research Program, Columbus, Ohio
| | | | | | | | - Benjamin Tan
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Monica Bertagnolli
- Office of the Alliance Group Chair, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Axel Grothey
- West Cancer Center & Research Institute, Germantown, Tennessee
| | | | | | | | - Charles Blanke
- SWOG Cancer Research Network Group Chair’s Office, Oregon Health and Science University Knight Cancer Institute
| | - Eileen M. O’Reilly
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Anthony F. Shields
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
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Sweet A, Blanke C, Kelly B, Mendz GL, Kissane DW. Letters to the Editor. J Law Med Ethics 2020; 48:800-804. [PMID: 33404335 DOI: 10.1177/1073110520979393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Sweet
- Ashley Sweet M.D., M.B.E., is a general surgery resident and member of the ethics consult service at Oregon Health and Science University in Portland, Oregon. Charles Blanke M.D., FASCO, is a medical oncologist and end-of-life specialist at the Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, in Portland Oregon
| | - Charles Blanke
- Ashley Sweet M.D., M.B.E., is a general surgery resident and member of the ethics consult service at Oregon Health and Science University in Portland, Oregon. Charles Blanke M.D., FASCO, is a medical oncologist and end-of-life specialist at the Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, in Portland Oregon
| | - Brian Kelly
- Brian Kelly, M.D., is a Professor of Psychiatry, Head of School and Dean of Medicine at the School of Medicine & Public Health and a member of the Faculty of Health and Medicine at the University of Newcastle in Australia
| | - George L Mendz
- George L. Mendz Ph.D., M.Bioeth, LicSci is Professor and Head of Research at the School of Medicine, Sydney, The University of Notre Dame Australia. David W. Kissane, A.C., M.D., M.P.M., FRANZCP, FAChPM, FACLP is the Chair of Palliative Care Research at the School of Medicine, Sydney, The University of Notre Dame Australia
| | - David W Kissane
- George L. Mendz Ph.D., M.Bioeth, LicSci is Professor and Head of Research at the School of Medicine, Sydney, The University of Notre Dame Australia. David W. Kissane, A.C., M.D., M.P.M., FRANZCP, FAChPM, FACLP is the Chair of Palliative Care Research at the School of Medicine, Sydney, The University of Notre Dame Australia
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Wagner M, Othus M, Patel S, Ryan C, Sangal A, Powers B, Budd G, Victor A, Hsueh CT, Chugh R, Nair S, Leu K, Agulnik M, Sharon E, Mayerson E, Plets M, Blanke C, Streicher H, Chae YK, Kurzrock R. 795 A multicenter phase II trial (SWOG S1609, cohort 51) of ipilimumab and nivolumab in metastatic or unresectable angiosarcoma: a substudy of dual anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 blockade in rare tumors (DART). J Immunother Cancer 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-sitc2020.0795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundAngiosarcoma is a rare cancer of endothelial cells that can be aggressive and carries a high mortality. A subset of angiosarcomas are characterized by high tumor mutational burden (TMB) and UV light exposure DNA mutational signature. Isolated case reports have suggested clinical efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade in angiosarcoma; no prospective studies of immune checkpoint inhibition in angiosarcoma have been reported. We report efficacy analysis results for patients with advanced or unresectable angiosarcoma treated with ipilimumab and nivolumab as a cohort of an ongoing phase II study for rare cancers (NCT02834013).MethodsThis is a prospective, open-label, multicenter phase II clinical trial of ipilimumab (1mg/kg IV q6weeks) plus nivolumab (240mg IV q2weeks) for patients with metastatic or unresectable angiosarcoma. Primary endpoint is objective response rate as assessed by RECIST v1.1, including measurable cutaneous disease that can be followed by photography. Secondary endpoints include PFS, OS, stable disease at six months, and toxicity. A two-stage design is used with six patients in the first stage and an additional ten patients in the second stage.ResultsAt data cutoff, 16 patients with angiosarcoma were enrolled. Median age was 68 years (25-81 years). Median number of prior lines of therapy was 2 (0-5). 9 patients had cutaneous primary tumors of any cutaneous site, 7 had non-cutaneous primary tumors. ORR for all patients was 25% (4/16, table 1, figure 1). Subgroup analysis revealed that 60% (3/5) of patients with primary cutaneous tumors of the scalp or face had a confirmed objective response. 6-month PFS was 38%. 75% of patients experienced an adverse event (AE), and 25% experienced a grade 3-4 AE. 68.8% experienced an immune related AE (irAE), and 2 (12.5%) developed grade 3 or 4 irAEs. Grade 3-4 irAEs were ALT and AST increase and diarrhea. There were no grade 5 toxicities.ConclusionsThe combination of ipilimumab and nivolumab was well tolerated and had an ORR of 25% in angiosarcoma regardless of primary site, with 3 of 5 patients with cutaneous tumors of the scalp or face responding. Ipilimumab and nivolumab warrant further investigation in angiosarcoma.AcknowledgementsFunding: National Institutes of Health/National Cancer Institute grant awards CA180888, CA180819, CA180868; and in part by Bristol-Myers Squibb CompanyTrial RegistrationNCT02834013Ethics ApprovalThis study was approved by the NCI CIRB.
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Roth ME, Unger JM, O'Mara AM, Lewis MA, Budd T, Johnson RH, Pollock BH, Blanke C, Freyer DR. Cover Image. Cancer Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Roth ME, Unger JM, O'Mara AM, Lewis MA, Budd T, Johnson RH, Pollock BH, Blanke C, Freyer DR. Enrollment of adolescents and young adults onto SWOG cancer research network clinical trials: A comparative analysis by treatment site and era. Cancer Med 2020; 9:2146-2152. [PMID: 32009305 PMCID: PMC7064039 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Few adolescents and young adults (AYAs, 15‐39 years old) enroll onto cancer clinical trials, which hinders research otherwise having the potential to improve outcomes in this unique population. Prior studies have reported that AYAs are more likely to receive cancer care in community settings. The National Cancer Institute (NCI) has led efforts to increase trial enrollment through its network of NCI‐designated cancer centers (NCICC) combined with community outreach through its Community Clinical Oncology Program (CCOP; replaced by the NCI Community Oncology Research Program in 2014). Methods Using AYA proportional enrollment (the proportion of total enrollments who were AYAs) as the primary outcome, we examined enrollment of AYAs onto SWOG therapeutic trials at NCICC, CCOP, and non‐NCICC/non‐CCOP sites from 2004 to 2013 by type of site, study period (2004‐08 vs 2009‐13), and patient demographics. Results Overall, AYA proportional enrollment was 10.1%. AYA proportional enrollment decreased between 2004‐2008 and 2009‐2013 (13.1% vs 8.5%, P < .001), and was higher at NCICCs than at CCOPs and non‐NCICC/non‐CCOPs (14.1% vs 8.3% and 9.2%, respectively; P < .001). AYA proportional enrollment declined significantly at all three site types. Proportional enrollment of AYAs who were Black or Hispanic was significantly higher at NCICCs compared with CCOPs or non‐NCICC/non‐CCOPs (11.5% vs 8.8, P = .048 and 11.5% vs 8.6%, P = .03, respectively). Conclusion Not only did community sites enroll a lower proportion of AYAs onto cancer clinical trials, but AYA enrollment decreased in all study settings. Initiatives aimed at increasing AYA enrollment, particularly in the community setting with attention to minority status, are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael E Roth
- Division of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Joseph M Unger
- SWOG Cancer Research Network Statistics and Data Management Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ann M O'Mara
- Community Oncology and Prevention Trials Research Group, Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Troy Budd
- Community Oncology and Prevention Trials Research Group, Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Rebecca H Johnson
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Mary Bridge Children's Hospital and Health Center and Tacoma General Hospital, Tacoma, WA, USA
| | - Brad H Pollock
- Department of Public Health Sciences and the UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Charles Blanke
- Southwest Oncology Group Chair's Office and Knight Cancer Center Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - David R Freyer
- Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Das R, Ou F, Washburn C, Innocenti F, Nixon A, Lenz H, Blanke C, Niedzwiecki D, Khalil I, Harms B, Venook A. Bayesian machine learning on CALGB/SWOG 80405 (Alliance) and PEAK data identify a heterogeneous landscape of clinical predictors of overall survival (OS) in different populations of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz156.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lee Ellis
- SWOG Executive Advisory Committee, Portland, Oregon
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Abstract
Importance Numerous states have pending physician-aided dying (PAD) legislation. Little research has been done regarding use of PAD, or ways to improve the process and/or results. Objectives To evaluate results of Oregon PAD, the longest running US program; to disseminate results; and to determine promising PAD research areas. Design, Setting, and Participants A retrospective observational cohort study of 991 Oregon residents who had prescriptions written as part of the state's Death with Dignity Act. We reviewed publicly available data from Oregon Health Authority reports from 1998 to 2015, and made a supplemental information request to the Oregon Health Authority. Main Outcomes and Measures Number of deaths from self-administration of lethal medication versus number of prescriptions written. Results A total of 1545 prescriptions were written, and 991 patients died by using legally prescribed lethal medication. Of the 991 patients, 509 (51.4%) were men and 482 (48.6%) were women. The median age was 71 years (range, 25-102 years). The number of prescriptions written increased annually (from 24 in 1998 to 218 in 2015), and the percentage of prescription recipients dying by this method per year averaged 64%. Of the 991 patients using lethal self-medication, 762 (77%) recipients had cancer, 79 (8%) had amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, 44 (4.5%) had lung disease, 26 (2.6%) had heart disease, and 9 (0.9%) had HIV. Of 991 patients, 52 (5.3%) were sent for psychiatric evaluation to assess competence. Most (953; 96.6%) patients were white and 865 (90.5%) were in hospice care. Most (118, 92.2%) patients had insurance and 708 (71.9%) had at least some college education. Most (94%) died at home. The estimated median time between medication intake and coma was 5 minutes (range, 1-38 minutes); to death it was 25 minutes (range, 1-6240 minutes). Thirty-three (3.3%) patients had known complications. The most common reasons cited for desiring PAD were activities of daily living were not enjoyable (89.7%) and losses of autonomy (91.6%) and dignity (78.7%); inadequate pain control contributed in 25.2% of cases. Conclusions and Relevance The number of PAD prescriptions written in Oregon has increased annually since legislation enactment. Patients use PAD for reasons related to quality of life, autonomy, and dignity, and rarely for uncontrolled pain. Many questions remain regarding usage and results, making this area suitable for cancer care delivery research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Blanke
- SWOG Group Chair's Office, Portland, Oregon.,SWOG Executive Advisory Committee, Portland, Oregon
| | | | | | - Lee Ellis
- SWOG Executive Advisory Committee, Portland, Oregon
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Venook AP, Niedzwiecki D, Lenz HJ, Innocenti F, Fruth B, Meyerhardt JA, Schrag D, Greene C, O'Neil BH, Atkins JN, Berry S, Polite BN, O'Reilly EM, Goldberg RM, Hochster HS, Schilsky RL, Bertagnolli MM, El-Khoueiry AB, Watson P, Benson AB, Mulkerin DL, Mayer RJ, Blanke C. Effect of First-Line Chemotherapy Combined With Cetuximab or Bevacizumab on Overall Survival in Patients With KRAS Wild-Type Advanced or Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2017; 317. [PMID: 28632865 PMCID: PMC5545896 DOI: 10.1001/jama.2017.7105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 591] [Impact Index Per Article: 84.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Combining biologic monoclonal antibodies with chemotherapeutic cytotoxic drugs provides clinical benefit to patients with advanced or metastatic colorectal cancer, but the optimal choice of the initial biologic therapy in previously untreated patients is unknown. OBJECTIVE To determine if the addition of cetuximab vs bevacizumab to the combination of leucovorin, fluorouracil, and oxaliplatin (mFOLFOX6) regimen or the combination of leucovorin, fluorouracil, and irinotecan (FOLFIRI) regimen is superior as first-line therapy in advanced or metastatic KRAS wild-type (wt) colorectal cancer. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Patients (≥18 years) enrolled at community and academic centers throughout the National Clinical Trials Network in the United States and Canada (November 2005-March 2012) with previously untreated advanced or metastatic colorectal cancer whose tumors were KRAS wt chose to take either the mFOLFOX6 regimen or the FOLFIRI regimen as chemotherapy and were randomized to receive either cetuximab (n = 578) or bevacizumab (n = 559). The last date of follow-up was December 15, 2015. INTERVENTIONS Cetuximab vs bevacizumab combined with either mFOLFOX6 or FOLFIRI chemotherapy regimen chosen by the treating physician and patient. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary end point was overall survival. Secondary objectives included progression-free survival and overall response rate, site-reported confirmed or unconfirmed complete or partial response. RESULTS Among 1137 patients (median age, 59 years; 440 [39%] women), 1074 (94%) of patients met eligibility criteria. As of December 15, 2015, median follow-up for 263 surviving patients was 47.4 months (range, 0-110.7 months), and 82% of patients (938 of 1137) experienced disease progression. The median overall survival was 30.0 months in the cetuximab-chemotherapy group and 29.0 months in the bevacizumab-chemotherapy group with a stratified hazard ratio (HR) of 0.88 (95% CI, 0.77-1.01; P = .08). The median progression-free survival was 10.5 months in the cetuximab-chemotherapy group and 10.6 months in the bevacizumab-chemotherapy group with a stratified HR of 0.95 (95% CI, 0.84-1.08; P = .45). Response rates were not significantly different, 59.6% vs 55.2% for cetuximab and bevacizumab, respectively (difference, 4.4%, 95% CI, 1.0%-9.0%, P = .13). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Among patients with KRAS wt untreated advanced or metastatic colorectal cancer, there was no significant difference in overall survival between the addition of cetuximab vs bevacizumab to chemotherapy as initial biologic treatment. TRIAL REGISTRATION clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT00265850.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Donna Niedzwiecki
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics and Alliance Statistics and Data Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | | | - Briant Fruth
- Alliance Statistics and Data Center, Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | | | | | - Bert H O'Neil
- Indiana University, Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis
| | - James Norman Atkins
- National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project/NRG Oncology, and Southeastern Medical Oncology Center, Goldsboro, North Carolina
| | - Scott Berry
- Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Blase N Polite
- University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | - Richard M Goldberg
- Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital, Columbus
| | - Howard S Hochster
- Department of Medical Oncology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | | | | | | | - Peter Watson
- Lenoir Memorial Hospital/Kinston Medical Specialists PA, Kinston, North Carolina
| | - Al B Benson
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | | | - Charles Blanke
- Southwest Oncology Group Chair's Office and Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland
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Mack P, Moon J, Herbst R, Kim E, Semrad T, Redman M, Tsai R, Solis L, Gregg J, Hatcher S, Varella-Garcia M, Hirsch FR, Blanke C, Kelly K, Gandara DR. P2.03b-053 Role of KRAS Mutation Status in NSCLC Patients Treated on SWOG S0819, a Phase III Trial of Chemotherapy with or without Cetuximab. J Thorac Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2016.11.1334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Hershman DL, Unger JM, Wright JD, Ramsey S, Till C, Tangen CM, Barlow WE, Blanke C, Thompson IM, Hussain M. Adverse Health Events Following Intermittent and Continuous Androgen Deprivation in Patients With Metastatic Prostate Cancer. JAMA Oncol 2016; 2:453-61. [PMID: 26720308 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2015.4655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Although intermittent androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) has not been associated with better overall survival in prostate cancer (PC), it has the potential for lower adverse effects. To our knowledge, the incidence of long-term adverse health events has not been reported. OBJECTIVE To examine long-term late events in elderly patients randomized to intermittent or continuous ADT to determine whether late cardiovascular and endocrine events would be lower in patients treated with intermittent ADT. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This was a secondary analysis of a multicenter clinical trial using linkage between patient data from S9346, a randomized SWOG trial of intermittent vs continuous ADT in men with metastatic PC, and corresponding Medicare claims. EXPOSURE Intermittent or continuous ADT. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The main outcome was to identify long-term adverse health events by treatment arm. Patients were classified as having an adverse health event if they had any hospital claim--or at least 2 physician or outpatient claims at least 30 days apart--for any of the following diagnoses: ischemic and thrombotic events, endocrine events, sexual dysfunction, dementia, and depression. To incorporate time from beginning of observation through evidence of an event, we determined the cumulative incidence of each event. Competing risks Cox regression was used, adjusting for covariates. RESULTS In total, 1134 eligible US-based male patients with metastatic PC were randomized to continuous vs intermittent ADT in the S9346 trial. A total of 636 of trial participants (56%) had at least 1 year of continuous Medicare parts A and B coverage and no health maintenance organization participation. The median age was 71.3 years. The most common long-term events were hypercholesterolemia (31%) and osteoporosis (19%). The 10-year cumulative incidence of ischemic and thrombotic events differed by arm; 24% for continuous and 33%for intermittent ADT (hazard ratio, 0.69; P = .02). There were no statistically significant differences by arm in any other adverse health events. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Contrary to our hypothesis that intermittent ADT would reduce long-term health-related events compared with continuous ADT, we found that older men assigned to intermittent ADT had no apparent reduction in bone, endocrine, or cognitive events and an increased incidence of ischemic and thrombotic events. TRIAL REGISTRATION clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00002651.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joseph M Unger
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | | | - Scott Ramsey
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Cathee Till
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | | | - William E Barlow
- SWOG Statistical Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Charles Blanke
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland
| | | | - Maha Hussain
- University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ann Arbor
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Lenz H, Niedzwiecki D, Innocenti F, Blanke C, Mahony M, O'Neil B, Shaw J, Polite B, Hochster H, Atkins J, Goldberg R, Mayer R, Schilsky R, Bertagnolli M, Venook A. Calgb/Swog 80405: Phase III Trial of Irinotecan/5-Fu/Leucovorin (Folfiri) or Oxaliplatin/5-Fu/Leucovorin (Mfolfox6) with Bevacizumab (Bv) or Cetuximab (Cet) for Patients (Pts) with Expanded Ras Analyses Untreated Metastatic Adenocarcinoma of the Colon Or Rectum (Mcrc). Ann Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu438.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Venook A, Niedzwiecki D, Lenz H, Mahoney M, Innocenti F, O'Neil B, Hochster H, Goldberg R, Schilsky R, Mayer R, Polite B, Atkins J, Shaw J, Bertagnolli M, Blanke C. Calgb/Swog 80405: Analysis of Patients Undergoing Surgery As Part of Treatment Strategy. Ann Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu438.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Abstract
The influence of Diethylstilboestrol (DES), Dihydro-DES, and some steroids on the enzymatic activity of glutamate dehydrogenase (GluDH) from beef liver was studied. In relation to the enzyme concentration in mg/ml the activity shows a maximum. This maximum fails when the turnover number is used as a measure for the enzyme activity. 10-5 M DES inhibits the GluDH activity almost completely, Dihydro-DES, Cyproterone and Cyproterone-acetate show no inhibition. The influence of Progesterone and Testosterone is about 20% and 10% respectively of that of DES. Dialysis will overcome the inhibition completely, to a smaller rate (about 30%) the addition of 10-3 M ADP too. It seems not to be necessary to suggest that there are two kinds of subunits of GluDH, the one corresponding to simple dilution, the other to treatment with DES.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Kempfle
- Physikalisch-chemische Abteilung des physiologisch-chemischen Instituts der Universität Bonn
| | - K.-O. Mosebach
- Physikalisch-chemische Abteilung des physiologisch-chemischen Instituts der Universität Bonn
| | - C. Blanke
- Physikalisch-chemische Abteilung des physiologisch-chemischen Instituts der Universität Bonn
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Venook A, Niedzwiecki D, Lenz H, Innocenti F, Mahoney M, O'Neil B, Shaw J, Polite B, Hochster H, Atkins J, Goldberg R, Mayer R, Schilsky R, Bertagnolli M, Blanke C. CALGB/SWOG 80405: Phase III Trial of Irinotecan/5-FU/Leucovorin (FOLFIRI) or Oxaliplatin/5-FU/Leucovorin (MFOLFOX6) with Bevacizumab (BV) or Cetuximab (CET) for Patients (PTS) with KRAS Wild-Type (WT) Untreated Metastatic Adenocarcinoma of the Colon. Ann Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu193.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Butts C, Kamel–Reid S, Batist G, Chia S, Blanke C, Moore M, Sawyer M, Desjardins C, Dubois A, Pun J, Bonter K, Ashbury F. Benefits, issues, and recommendations for personalized medicine in oncology in Canada. Curr Oncol 2013; 20:e475-83. [PMID: 24155644 PMCID: PMC3805416 DOI: 10.3747/co.20.1253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The burden of cancer for Canadian citizens and society is large. New technologies have the potential to increase the use of genetic information in clinical decision-making, furthering prevention, surveillance, and safer, more effective drug therapies for cancer patients. Personalized medicine can have different meanings to different people. The context for personalized medicine in the present paper is genetic testing, which offers the promise of refining treatment decisions for those diagnosed with chronic and life-threatening illnesses. Personalized medicine and genetic characterization of tumours can also give direction to the development of novel drugs. Genetic testing will increasingly become an essential part of clinical decision-making. In Canada, provinces are responsible for health care, and most have unique policies and programs in place to address cancer control. The result is inconsistency in access to and delivery of therapies and other interventions, beyond the differences expected because of demographic factors and clinical education. Inconsistencies arising from differences in resources, policy, and application of evidence-informed personalized cancer medicine exacerbate patient access to appropriate testing and quality care. Geographic variations in cancer incidence and mortality rates in Canada-with the Atlantic provinces and Quebec having higher rates, and British Columbia having the lowest rates-are well documented. Our purpose here is to provide an understanding of current and future applications of personalized medicine in oncology, to highlight the benefits of personalized medicine for patients, and to describe issues and opportunities for improvement in the coordination of personalized medicine in Canada. Efficient and more rapid adoption of personalized medicine in oncology in Canada could help overcome those issues and improve cancer prevention and care. That task might benefit from the creation of a National Genetics Advisory Panel that would review research and provide recommendations on tests for funding or reimbursement, guidelines, service delivery models, laboratory quality assurance, education, and communication. More has to be known about the current state of personalized cancer medicine in Canada, and strategies have to be developed to inform and improve understanding and appropriate coordination and delivery. Our hope is that the perspectives emphasized in this paper will stimulate discussion and further research to create a more informed response.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Butts
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB
| | - S. Kamel–Reid
- Department of Pathology, Division of Molecular Diagnostics, The University Health Network, Toronto, ON
| | - G. Batist
- Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, QC
| | - S. Chia
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC
| | - C. Blanke
- Medical Oncology, Vancouver General Hospital and the University of British Columbia, and Systemic Therapy, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC
| | - M. Moore
- Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, and Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON
| | - M.B. Sawyer
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB
| | - C. Desjardins
- Centre of Excellence in Personalised Medicine, Montreal, QC
| | - A. Dubois
- Centre of Excellence in Personalised Medicine, Montreal, QC
| | - J. Pun
- Intelligent Improvement Consultants, Inc., Toronto, ON
| | - K. Bonter
- Centre of Excellence in Personalised Medicine, Montreal, QC
| | - F.D. Ashbury
- lllawarra Health Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia; Division of Preventive Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB; Department of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, and Intelligent Improvement Consultants, Inc., Toronto, ON
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Van Loon K, Wigler D, Niedzwiecki D, Venook AP, Fuchs C, Blanke C, Saltz L, Goldberg RM, Meyerhardt JA. Comparison of dietary and lifestyle habits among stage III and metastatic colorectal cancer patients: findings from CALGB 89803 and CALGB 80405. Clin Colorectal Cancer 2013; 12:95-102. [PMID: 23317558 PMCID: PMC3790266 DOI: 10.1016/j.clcc.2012.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2012] [Revised: 11/19/2012] [Accepted: 11/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Self-administered questionnaires were completed by patients undergoing chemotherapy for stage III colon cancer (n=1095) and metastatic colorectal cancer (n=875). We describe the prevalence of a wide-range of health-related dietary patterns and lifestyle behaviors among colorectal cancer patients with stage III and metastatic disease and report notable similarities in these 2 cohorts. BACKGROUND Cancer patients often pursue lifestyle and dietary changes with the aim to improve outcomes. Using data from 2 large National Cancer Institute-sponsored clinical trials, we report on the dietary and lifestyle practices of patients receiving therapy for stage III colon or metastatic colorectal cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS Self-administered questionnaires were completed by patients undergoing chemotherapy for stage III colon cancer (n=1095) and metastatic colorectal cancer (n=875). Descriptive statistical analyses were performed to evaluate anthropometrics, diet, and lifestyle in each cohort. RESULTS Median body mass index was comparable for stage III and metastatic patients (27.3 vs. 26.5 kg/m2). Stage III patients reported a modestly higher median level of physical activity than metastatic patients (4.6 vs. 3.4 metabolic equivalent task-hours per week). Ten percent of stage III and 9% of metastatic patients reported ongoing cigarette use. Avoidance of alcohol was reported by 47% of stage III and 43% of metastatic patients. Dietary patterns for both groups were comparable with more than 80% of stage III and metastatic patients failing to meet the recommended daily intake of vegetables, fruits, and milk products. Usage of at least 2 multivitamins per week was reported by 49% of stage III and 40% of metastatic patients. Two percent of stage III and 5% of metastatic patients reported vitamin D supplement use. CONCLUSIONS We observed notable similarities in dietary and lifestyle behaviors between stage III colon and metastatic colorectal cancer patients actively receiving chemotherapy. Future research should aim to elucidate the effect of these behaviors on patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Van Loon
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA.
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Hubbard J, Thomas DM, Yothers G, Green E, Blanke C, O'Connell MJ, Labianca R, Shi Q, Bleyer A, de Gramont A, Sargent D. Benefits and adverse events in younger versus older patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy for colon cancer: findings from the Adjuvant Colon Cancer Endpoints data set. J Clin Oncol 2012; 30:2334-9. [PMID: 22614981 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.41.1975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Limited data exist regarding the outcomes of adjuvant therapy in younger patients with stage II and III colon cancer. We examined disease-free survival (DFS), overall survival (OS), recurrence-free interval (RFI), and grade 3+ adverse events (AEs) in younger patients in the 33,574 patient Adjuvant Colon Cancer Endpoints Group data set. PATIENTS AND METHODS Individual patient data from 24 randomized phase III clinical trials were obtained for survival outcomes, which included 10 clinical trials for AE outcomes. Two age-based cutoff points were used to define younger patients: age younger than 40 years and younger than 50 years. Adjuvant therapy benefit analyses were limited to the nine clinical trials in which the investigational chemotherapeutic arm demonstrated benefit. RESULTS One thousand seven hundred fifty-eight patients (5.2%) were younger than 40 years, 5,817 patients (17.3%) were younger than 50 years, and only 299 patients (0.9%) were younger than 30 years. No meaningful differences in sex or stage were noted in younger versus older patients. Younger and older patients did not differ in RFI (age, < 40 years: hazard ratio [HR], 1.0; P = .62 and age < 50 years: HR, 1.02; P = .35). Younger patients (both cutoff points), had longer OS and DFS than older patients. In trials demonstrating adjuvant therapy benefit, similar DFS benefit was observed by age. Younger patients experienced less leukopenia and stomatitis, but more frequent nausea/vomiting. CONCLUSION Among patients on clinical trials, younger and older patients with stage II and III colon cancer had similar RFI and adjuvant therapy benefit. Younger patients have longer OS and DFS, which is likely primarily because of fewer competing causes of death. Adjuvant therapy is beneficial for colon cancer in patients younger than 50 years who meet typical clinical trial eligibility criteria.
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Blanke C, Rankin C, Benjamin R, Raymond A, Heinrich M, Fletcher C, Crowley J, Borden E, Demetri G, Baker L. 9404 ORAL Long-term Survival on S0033 – a Phase III Randomized, Intergroup Trial Assessing Imatinib Mesylate at Two Dose Levels in Patients With Unresectable or Metastatic Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumours (GISTs). Eur J Cancer 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(11)72548-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Andrew M. Lowy
- Moore's Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA
| | - Charles Blanke
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Blanke C. Current management of GISTs. Clin Adv Hematol Oncol 2010; 8:334. [PMID: 20551892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Charles Blanke
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Renouf D, Blay JY, Blanke C. Accomplishments in 2008 in the management of gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Gastrointest Cancer Res 2009; 3:S67-72. [PMID: 20011569 PMCID: PMC2791388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Overview of the Disease ProcessIncidencePrognosisPredictive MarkersCurrent General Therapy Standards in North America and EuropeLocalized or Potentially Resectable DiseaseUnresectable or Metastatic DiseaseAccomplishments During the YearTherapySurgical Issues and Perioperative TherapyImatinibSunitinibNew DrugsBiomarkersBasic and Other Translational ScienceWhat Needs to Be DoneFuture DirectionsComments on ResearchObstacles to Progress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Charles Blanke
- Address correspondence to: Dr. Charles Blanke, 600 W. 10th Ave, Rm 4455, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4E6 Canada. Phone: 604-877-6098; Fax: 604-877-0585; E-mail:
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Leichman L, Goldman BH, Benedetti JK, Billingsley KG, Thomas CR, Iqbal S, Lenz H, Blanke C, Gold PJ, Corless CL. Oxaliplatin (OXP) plus protracted infusion 5-fluorouracil (PIFU) and external beam radiation (EBRT) prior to surgery (S) for potentially curable esophageal adenocarcinoma (EA): A Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG) phase II trial with molecular correlates (S0356). J Clin Oncol 2009. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.4513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
4513 Background: Although neoadjuvant combined modality therapy (NACMTX) has become a standard of care in the United States, median overall survival (OS) for patients (PTS) with EA has changed little over the past 25 years. Progression free survival (PFS) and OS after NACMTX depend on extent of primary tumor response. New regimens to increase pathologic complete response (pCR) are needed. Based on phase I data, SWOG designed a phase II trial (S0356) to test OXP with PI5FU and EBRT for PTS with EA. Objectives included pCR rate ≥ 25%, acceptable toxicity (TOX), PFS, OS and exploration of molecular parameters relevant to pCR. Methods: Eligibility: clinical stage II/III EA, ≥ 18 years, Zubrod PS ≤ 2, standard hematologic/non-hematologic values, and tumor < 2 cm into the gastric cardia. OXP 85 mg/m2 was given day (d) 1, 15 and 29; PI5FU 180 mg/m2/d was given d 8-d43. EBRT 180 cGy/d started d 8 x 25 fractions, 5 d/week to total dose 4500 cGy. S was planned 2–4 weeks after NACMTX, with a second cycle of OXP/ PI5FU after S. Central pathology review of surgical specimens was mandated. The trial used a 2-stage design; the trial was halted at 45 PTS to review pCR rate; it reopened to full accrual. Results: 98 PTS enrolled between 9/15/04 and 8/18/08. 6 PTS were ineligible; 2 PTS did not receive therapy (TX). 90 PTS, 84 men (93%), median age 61.7 years, were analyzed. 4 deaths (4.5%) were due to protocol TX; 2 due to NACMTX, 2 to S. 43% and 18% of PTS had grade 3/4 toxicity, respectively: 39% GI, 22% flu-like/fatigue, 17% pulmonary, 16% hematologic, 14% mucositis and 3% neurologic. 77 PTS (86%) underwent S. 30 PTS (33%) had pCR. 9 PTS (10%) had in-situ cancer or T1N0M0. <50% received postoperative CTX. Conclusions: OXP, PI5FU and EBRT for PTS with EA has produced the highest pCR rate reported to date for a cooperative group trial. Significant but manageable non-hematologic TOX was observed. S mortality is acceptable. Future trials built on this platform should plan to complete all TX before S. Tumor molecular profiles (analyses in progress) may predict benefit from this treatment. Data on PFS and OS will follow. [Table: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Leichman
- Desert Regional Medical Center, Palm Springs, CA; Southwest Oncology Group, Seattle, WA; Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA
| | - B. H. Goldman
- Desert Regional Medical Center, Palm Springs, CA; Southwest Oncology Group, Seattle, WA; Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA
| | - J. K. Benedetti
- Desert Regional Medical Center, Palm Springs, CA; Southwest Oncology Group, Seattle, WA; Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA
| | - K. G. Billingsley
- Desert Regional Medical Center, Palm Springs, CA; Southwest Oncology Group, Seattle, WA; Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA
| | - C. R. Thomas
- Desert Regional Medical Center, Palm Springs, CA; Southwest Oncology Group, Seattle, WA; Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA
| | - S. Iqbal
- Desert Regional Medical Center, Palm Springs, CA; Southwest Oncology Group, Seattle, WA; Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA
| | - H. Lenz
- Desert Regional Medical Center, Palm Springs, CA; Southwest Oncology Group, Seattle, WA; Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA
| | - C. Blanke
- Desert Regional Medical Center, Palm Springs, CA; Southwest Oncology Group, Seattle, WA; Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA
| | - P. J. Gold
- Desert Regional Medical Center, Palm Springs, CA; Southwest Oncology Group, Seattle, WA; Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA
| | - C. L. Corless
- Desert Regional Medical Center, Palm Springs, CA; Southwest Oncology Group, Seattle, WA; Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA
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Sarff M, Rogers W, Blanke C, Vetto JT. Evaluation of the tumor board as a Continuing Medical Education (CME) activity: is it useful? J Cancer Educ 2008; 23:51-56. [PMID: 18444047 DOI: 10.1080/08858190701818226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although it has been previously reported that offering continuing medical education (CME) credit is not a major factor in tumor board attendance, the results/utility of the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education mandated evaluations of those tumor boards offering CME credit has not been studied. METHODS We reviewed the CME evaluations of our University Gastrointestinal Tumor Board; this meeting was chosen because it is multidisciplinary, well attended, and offers CME credit contingent on completing a standard CME evaluation form each session. RESULTS Of the 2736 attendees, 660 (24%) at the 79 consecutive conferences studied completed the evaluation for CME credit. Reported satisfaction was high; the average response on the 4-question satisfaction survey was 5 (Excellent) on a 5-point Likert scale, only 6% of attendees perceived any commercial bias, and only 3 attendees stated that the conference did not achieve the stated objectives. Of the respondents, 42% indicated that the tumor board information would change their practice, although few specific examples were given. A minority of responders provided specific feedback. CONCLUSIONS A minority of attendees at this tumor board utilized CME credit. Although satisfaction and impact ratings were high, potential response set bias, lack of specific feedback, and nonresponse bias were limitations to the evaluations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryclare Sarff
- Division of Surgical, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland
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31
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Allegra C, Blanke C, Buyse M, Goldberg R, Grothey A, Meropol NJ, Saltz L, Venook A, Yothers G, Sargent D. End Points in Advanced Colon Cancer Clinical Trials: A Review and Proposal. J Clin Oncol 2007; 25:3572-5. [PMID: 17704403 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.12.1368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Agaimy A, Pelz AF, Corless C, Wünsch P, Heinrich M, Hofstaedter F, Dietmaier W, Blanke C, Wieacker P, Roessner A, Hartmann A, Schneider-Stock R. Epithelioid gastric stromal tumours of the antrum in young females with the Carney triad: A report of three new cases with mutational analysis and comparative genomic hybridization. Oncol Rep 2007. [DOI: 10.3892/or.18.1.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Chang H, Azuma M, Goldman B, Nagashima F, Iqbal S, Danenberg K, Benedetti J, Zhang W, Blanke C, Lenz H. Gene expression levels of HER2 and IL-8 and polymorphism in IL-8 associated with clinical outcome in advanced or metastatic gastric cancer treated with lapatinib in SWOG 0413 trial. J Clin Oncol 2007. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.4647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
4647 Background: Lapatinib (GW572016) is a dual tyrosine kinase inhibitor of EGFR and HER2. In SWOG0413 trial, advanced or metastatic gastric cancer patients were treated with lapatinib. In this study, we investigated whether gene expressions and polymorphisms of EGF and angiogenesis pathway genes were associated with clinical outcome in the patients enrolled in SWOG0413 trial. Methods: A total of 46 patients were enrolled in SWOG0413 trial and treated with lapatinib. Blood and tissue samples were available from 42 and 37 patients, respectively. RT-PCR was performed for intratumoral gene expression levels of EGFR, HER2, VEGF, IL-8, COX2 and cyclin D1 genes. We also analyzed 8 polymorphisms in the EGF, EGFR, HER2, VEGF, IL-8, COX2 and cyclin D1 genes by PCR-RFLP. Results: Patients who have lower IL-8 [median overall survival (OS), 6 vs 3 months, p=0.03] and higher HER2 (6 vs 3 months, p=0.005) gene expression levels showed better OS. According to gene polymorphisms, patients who have A allele of IL-8 T251A polymorphism showed improved OS (A/A, 10 months vs T/A, 5 months vs T/T 3 months, p=0.04). And patients with A allele of IL-8 T251A and T allele of VEGF C936T polymorphisms showed better response rates (p<0.01, p<0.01, respectively). All other polymorphisms and gene expressions did not show significant association with clinical outcome. Conclusions: Our results suggest that intratumoral gene expression levels of HER2 and IL-8 and polymorphism in IL-8 are potential molecular predictors for survival in patients with advanced or metastatic gastric cancer treated with lapatinib. And polymorphisms in IL-8 and VEGF genes may be potential markers in predicting response in this population. A larger prospective study is needed to validate and confirm these preliminary findings. [Table: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Chang
- University of Southern California/Norris Comprehen, Los Angeles, CA; Southwest Oncology Group, Seattle, WA; Response Genetics Inc., Los Angeles, CA; Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | - M. Azuma
- University of Southern California/Norris Comprehen, Los Angeles, CA; Southwest Oncology Group, Seattle, WA; Response Genetics Inc., Los Angeles, CA; Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | - B. Goldman
- University of Southern California/Norris Comprehen, Los Angeles, CA; Southwest Oncology Group, Seattle, WA; Response Genetics Inc., Los Angeles, CA; Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | - F. Nagashima
- University of Southern California/Norris Comprehen, Los Angeles, CA; Southwest Oncology Group, Seattle, WA; Response Genetics Inc., Los Angeles, CA; Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | - S. Iqbal
- University of Southern California/Norris Comprehen, Los Angeles, CA; Southwest Oncology Group, Seattle, WA; Response Genetics Inc., Los Angeles, CA; Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | - K. Danenberg
- University of Southern California/Norris Comprehen, Los Angeles, CA; Southwest Oncology Group, Seattle, WA; Response Genetics Inc., Los Angeles, CA; Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | - J. Benedetti
- University of Southern California/Norris Comprehen, Los Angeles, CA; Southwest Oncology Group, Seattle, WA; Response Genetics Inc., Los Angeles, CA; Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | - W. Zhang
- University of Southern California/Norris Comprehen, Los Angeles, CA; Southwest Oncology Group, Seattle, WA; Response Genetics Inc., Los Angeles, CA; Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | - C. Blanke
- University of Southern California/Norris Comprehen, Los Angeles, CA; Southwest Oncology Group, Seattle, WA; Response Genetics Inc., Los Angeles, CA; Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | - H. Lenz
- University of Southern California/Norris Comprehen, Los Angeles, CA; Southwest Oncology Group, Seattle, WA; Response Genetics Inc., Los Angeles, CA; Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
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Blanke C, Pisters PW, Trent JC, von Mehren M, Levine E, Ruxer R, Earley M, Hochwald SN, McWhorter LT, Williams D. Analysis of a United States observational registry of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) patients (pts): reGISTry. J Clin Oncol 2007. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.20508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
20508 Background: Most data on treatment of GIST pts were derived from clinical studies, reflecting practice at academic referral centers. The reGISTry, an observational, internet-based database initiated in 2004, was designed to characterize evolving patterns of care for pts with GIST in both community and university practice settings. It also provides site feedback to allow comparison of site management practices to the aggregate reGISTry data. Methods: Physicians may serially enter data on any enrolled pt with confirmed GIST. Pts must give written informed consent. Collected data include pt demographics, clinical characteristics, clinical/economic outcomes and therapy provided for GIST. Analyses are performed every 6 months. Results: As of Oct 2006, there were 353 pts enrolled from 78 centers. 228 pts (65%) were from community-based practices; 184 pts (52%) were male, and 283 pts (80%) were Caucasian, with a median age of 65 years (range 18–92). Median time from diagnosis to enrollment was 1.1 years (range 0–11.7). At diagnosis, 282 pts (80%) had a localized tumor and 71 (20%) presented with metastatic disease. 335 pts (95%) had immunohistochemical KIT testing, and 1% had genotyping. 274 pts had surgery as first-line treatment (78%), including 84% of pts with primary disease and 52% with metastatic cancer. 14 % and 42% of pts with localized and metastatic disease respectively had systemic therapy as initial treatment. Of the 202 pts with follow-up, 170 (82%) retained the same primary decision-maker, usually the medical oncologist and/or surgeon (57%, 56% respectively). 3 patients reported missing days from work or school due to GIST in their first year since diagnosis. Therapeutic efficacy was assessed by tumor size on CT (53%), tumor size and radiodensity on CT (33%), clinical assessment only (14%) and PET (9%). 161 pts (46%) had been treated with imatinib mesylate and 20 pts (6%) sunitinib malate. Conclusions: The reGISTry remains a useful tool for determining evolving patterns in the management of GIST, and it points out important differences in official practice guidelines and community standards. KIT testing is common in the community, but mutational analysis is rare. Assessment by CT is customary, but PET imaging is rarely utilized in clinical practice. [Table: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Blanke
- OHSU Cancer Institute, Portland, OR; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA; Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC; Texas Oncology, Fort Worth, TX; Georgia Cancer Specialists, Atlanta, GA; University of Florida, Gainesville, FL; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ
| | - P. W. Pisters
- OHSU Cancer Institute, Portland, OR; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA; Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC; Texas Oncology, Fort Worth, TX; Georgia Cancer Specialists, Atlanta, GA; University of Florida, Gainesville, FL; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ
| | - J. C. Trent
- OHSU Cancer Institute, Portland, OR; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA; Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC; Texas Oncology, Fort Worth, TX; Georgia Cancer Specialists, Atlanta, GA; University of Florida, Gainesville, FL; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ
| | - M. von Mehren
- OHSU Cancer Institute, Portland, OR; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA; Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC; Texas Oncology, Fort Worth, TX; Georgia Cancer Specialists, Atlanta, GA; University of Florida, Gainesville, FL; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ
| | - E. Levine
- OHSU Cancer Institute, Portland, OR; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA; Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC; Texas Oncology, Fort Worth, TX; Georgia Cancer Specialists, Atlanta, GA; University of Florida, Gainesville, FL; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ
| | - R. Ruxer
- OHSU Cancer Institute, Portland, OR; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA; Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC; Texas Oncology, Fort Worth, TX; Georgia Cancer Specialists, Atlanta, GA; University of Florida, Gainesville, FL; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ
| | - M. Earley
- OHSU Cancer Institute, Portland, OR; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA; Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC; Texas Oncology, Fort Worth, TX; Georgia Cancer Specialists, Atlanta, GA; University of Florida, Gainesville, FL; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ
| | - S. N. Hochwald
- OHSU Cancer Institute, Portland, OR; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA; Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC; Texas Oncology, Fort Worth, TX; Georgia Cancer Specialists, Atlanta, GA; University of Florida, Gainesville, FL; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ
| | - L. T. McWhorter
- OHSU Cancer Institute, Portland, OR; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA; Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC; Texas Oncology, Fort Worth, TX; Georgia Cancer Specialists, Atlanta, GA; University of Florida, Gainesville, FL; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ
| | - D. Williams
- OHSU Cancer Institute, Portland, OR; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA; Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC; Texas Oncology, Fort Worth, TX; Georgia Cancer Specialists, Atlanta, GA; University of Florida, Gainesville, FL; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ
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Philip PA, Benedetti J, Fenoglio-Preiser C, Zalupski M, Lenz H, O'Reilly E, Wong R, Atkins J, Abruzzese J, Blanke C. Phase III study of gemcitabine [G] plus cetuximab [C] versus gemcitabine in patients [pts] with locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma [PC]: SWOG S0205 study. J Clin Oncol 2007. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.lba4509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
LBA4509 Background: Epidermal growth factor receptor [EGFR] pathway is a rational target for therapeutic intervention. This study tested the efficacy of an anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody and gemcitabine [G] combination in the Phase III setting in patients with advanced PC. Methods: Eligibility included locally advanced unresectable or metastatic PC; adequacy of organ function; performance status (PS) 0- 2; no prior EGFR therapy; no prior systemic chemotherapy except for adjuvant chemotherapy; and submission of tumor for EGFR immunostaining. The primary endpoint was overall survival. Secondary endpoints included objective response, time to progression, pain control, and quality of life. Assuming 6 months median survival, the study was designed to detect a median improvement to 8 months (1.33 hazard ratio) with 90% power, based on a one-sided 0.0125 test, and 704 eligible patients. Primary analyses used a Cox regression model, stratified for factors used in the randomization. Patients were stratified by PS, stageand prior pancreatectomy, and randomized to either G alone or G plus C. G was given at a dose of 1,000 mg/m2/wk for seven weeks out of 8, then 3 weeks on and one week off. C was given as a loading dose of 400 mg/m2 on week 1 and then 250 mg/m2 weekly. Results: 766 pts (735 eligible) with a median age of 64 (30–91) were enrolled by SWOG and CTSU between January 2004 and April 2006. Of those, 51% were males, 21.5% had locally advanced disease, and 13% had PS of 2. The study closed with full accrual. The median survival was 6 months in the G arm and 6.5 months in the G plus C arm for an overall HR of 1.09 (95% CI 0.93–1.27, p= 0.14) . The corresponding PFS was 3 months and 3.5 months, for G and G+C arms, respectively (HR =1.13, 95%CI .97–1.3, p=.058). The confirmed response probabilities were 7 % in each arm, and inclusion of unconfirmed responses yielded 14% in the G arm and 12% in the G + C arm.702 pts were evaluable for toxicity. 90 pts experienced at least one grade 4 toxicity; 14% on the G plus C, 11% on G alone. Conclusions: This study failed to demonstrate a clinically significant advantage of the addition of cetuximab to gemcitabine for overall survival, PFS and response in advanced PC. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. A. Philip
- Karmanos Cancer Inst, Detroit, MI; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH; University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; USC Norris Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada; Southeastern Med/Onc Center, Goldsboro, NC; OHSU Hem/Med Onc, Portland, OR
| | - J. Benedetti
- Karmanos Cancer Inst, Detroit, MI; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH; University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; USC Norris Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada; Southeastern Med/Onc Center, Goldsboro, NC; OHSU Hem/Med Onc, Portland, OR
| | - C. Fenoglio-Preiser
- Karmanos Cancer Inst, Detroit, MI; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH; University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; USC Norris Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada; Southeastern Med/Onc Center, Goldsboro, NC; OHSU Hem/Med Onc, Portland, OR
| | - M. Zalupski
- Karmanos Cancer Inst, Detroit, MI; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH; University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; USC Norris Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada; Southeastern Med/Onc Center, Goldsboro, NC; OHSU Hem/Med Onc, Portland, OR
| | - H. Lenz
- Karmanos Cancer Inst, Detroit, MI; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH; University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; USC Norris Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada; Southeastern Med/Onc Center, Goldsboro, NC; OHSU Hem/Med Onc, Portland, OR
| | - E. O'Reilly
- Karmanos Cancer Inst, Detroit, MI; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH; University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; USC Norris Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada; Southeastern Med/Onc Center, Goldsboro, NC; OHSU Hem/Med Onc, Portland, OR
| | - R. Wong
- Karmanos Cancer Inst, Detroit, MI; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH; University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; USC Norris Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada; Southeastern Med/Onc Center, Goldsboro, NC; OHSU Hem/Med Onc, Portland, OR
| | - J. Atkins
- Karmanos Cancer Inst, Detroit, MI; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH; University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; USC Norris Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada; Southeastern Med/Onc Center, Goldsboro, NC; OHSU Hem/Med Onc, Portland, OR
| | - J. Abruzzese
- Karmanos Cancer Inst, Detroit, MI; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH; University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; USC Norris Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada; Southeastern Med/Onc Center, Goldsboro, NC; OHSU Hem/Med Onc, Portland, OR
| | - C. Blanke
- Karmanos Cancer Inst, Detroit, MI; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH; University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; USC Norris Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada; Southeastern Med/Onc Center, Goldsboro, NC; OHSU Hem/Med Onc, Portland, OR
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Huse DM, von Mehren M, Lenhart G, Joensuu H, Blanke C, Feng W, Finkelstein S, Demetri G. Cost effectiveness of imatinib mesylate in the treatment of advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumours. Clin Drug Investig 2007; 27:85-93. [PMID: 17217313 DOI: 10.2165/00044011-200727020-00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Imatinib mesylate is the first effective therapy for advanced unresectable gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GIST). Adoption of this therapy in clinical practice is partly dependent on reimbursement by third-party payers in many countries. The objective of this study was to estimate the cost effectiveness of imatinib mesylate in the treatment of GIST. METHODS A cost-effectiveness model of GIST treatment was developed. Long- term survival and duration of imatinib mesylate benefit were projected by fitting curves to 52-month follow-up data from a phase II clinical trial of imatinib and projecting weekly probabilities of survival and continued treatment over 10 years. Weekly cost estimates in 2005 US dollars included cost of imatinib mesylate 400 mg/day ($US685), other medical services for imatinib mesylate-treated patients ($US359) and palliative care for patients in the end stage of GIST ($US2575). Utility associated with successful treatment was estimated at 0.935 and that of treatment failure and progressive disease at 0.875. Costs, life-years and quality- adjusted life-years (QALYs) were calculated over the 10-year time horizon and discounted to treatment initiation at an annual rate of 3%. RESULTS Imatinib mesylate therapy for unresectable GIST was projected to increase life expectancy to 5.8 years, an increase of 2.7 years over the control group. This translated into an increase of 1.9 QALYs at a marginal cost of $US74 369, yielding a cost-effectiveness ratio of $US38 723 per QALY. Cost effectiveness was not very sensitive to model parameters other than the cost of imatinib mesylate itself. CONCLUSION The cost effectiveness of imatinib mesylate in the treatment of GIST is within the commonly accepted range for life-saving interventions, based on US data.
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Blanke C. Current and future management of GIST. Clin Adv Hematol Oncol 2006; 4:582-3. [PMID: 17099615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Charles Blanke
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
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Blackstein ME, Rankin C, Fletcher C, Heinrich M, Benjamin R, von Mehren M, Blanke C, Fletcher JA, Borden E, Demetri G. Clinical benefit of imatinib in patients (pts) with metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) negative for the expression of CD117 in the S0033 trial. J Clin Oncol 2005. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2005.23.16_suppl.9010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M. E. Blackstein
- Univ of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; SWOG Statistical Ctr, Seattle, WA; Brigham & Women’s Hosp, Boston, MA; OHSU, Portland, OR; M.D. Anderson Cancer Ctr, Houston, TX; Fox Chase Cancer Ctr, Philadelphia, PA; Harvard Medcl Sch, Boston, MA; Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH; Dana-Farber Cancer Ctr, Boston, MA
| | - C. Rankin
- Univ of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; SWOG Statistical Ctr, Seattle, WA; Brigham & Women’s Hosp, Boston, MA; OHSU, Portland, OR; M.D. Anderson Cancer Ctr, Houston, TX; Fox Chase Cancer Ctr, Philadelphia, PA; Harvard Medcl Sch, Boston, MA; Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH; Dana-Farber Cancer Ctr, Boston, MA
| | - C. Fletcher
- Univ of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; SWOG Statistical Ctr, Seattle, WA; Brigham & Women’s Hosp, Boston, MA; OHSU, Portland, OR; M.D. Anderson Cancer Ctr, Houston, TX; Fox Chase Cancer Ctr, Philadelphia, PA; Harvard Medcl Sch, Boston, MA; Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH; Dana-Farber Cancer Ctr, Boston, MA
| | - M. Heinrich
- Univ of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; SWOG Statistical Ctr, Seattle, WA; Brigham & Women’s Hosp, Boston, MA; OHSU, Portland, OR; M.D. Anderson Cancer Ctr, Houston, TX; Fox Chase Cancer Ctr, Philadelphia, PA; Harvard Medcl Sch, Boston, MA; Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH; Dana-Farber Cancer Ctr, Boston, MA
| | - R. Benjamin
- Univ of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; SWOG Statistical Ctr, Seattle, WA; Brigham & Women’s Hosp, Boston, MA; OHSU, Portland, OR; M.D. Anderson Cancer Ctr, Houston, TX; Fox Chase Cancer Ctr, Philadelphia, PA; Harvard Medcl Sch, Boston, MA; Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH; Dana-Farber Cancer Ctr, Boston, MA
| | - M. von Mehren
- Univ of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; SWOG Statistical Ctr, Seattle, WA; Brigham & Women’s Hosp, Boston, MA; OHSU, Portland, OR; M.D. Anderson Cancer Ctr, Houston, TX; Fox Chase Cancer Ctr, Philadelphia, PA; Harvard Medcl Sch, Boston, MA; Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH; Dana-Farber Cancer Ctr, Boston, MA
| | - C. Blanke
- Univ of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; SWOG Statistical Ctr, Seattle, WA; Brigham & Women’s Hosp, Boston, MA; OHSU, Portland, OR; M.D. Anderson Cancer Ctr, Houston, TX; Fox Chase Cancer Ctr, Philadelphia, PA; Harvard Medcl Sch, Boston, MA; Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH; Dana-Farber Cancer Ctr, Boston, MA
| | - J. A. Fletcher
- Univ of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; SWOG Statistical Ctr, Seattle, WA; Brigham & Women’s Hosp, Boston, MA; OHSU, Portland, OR; M.D. Anderson Cancer Ctr, Houston, TX; Fox Chase Cancer Ctr, Philadelphia, PA; Harvard Medcl Sch, Boston, MA; Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH; Dana-Farber Cancer Ctr, Boston, MA
| | - E. Borden
- Univ of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; SWOG Statistical Ctr, Seattle, WA; Brigham & Women’s Hosp, Boston, MA; OHSU, Portland, OR; M.D. Anderson Cancer Ctr, Houston, TX; Fox Chase Cancer Ctr, Philadelphia, PA; Harvard Medcl Sch, Boston, MA; Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH; Dana-Farber Cancer Ctr, Boston, MA
| | - G. Demetri
- Univ of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; SWOG Statistical Ctr, Seattle, WA; Brigham & Women’s Hosp, Boston, MA; OHSU, Portland, OR; M.D. Anderson Cancer Ctr, Houston, TX; Fox Chase Cancer Ctr, Philadelphia, PA; Harvard Medcl Sch, Boston, MA; Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH; Dana-Farber Cancer Ctr, Boston, MA
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Reichardt P, Pink D, Lindner T, Heinrich MC, Cohen PS, Wang Y, Yu R, Tsyrlova A, Dimitrijevic S, Blanke C. A phase I/II trial of the oral PKC-inhibitor PKC412 (PKC) in combination with imatinib mesylate (IM) in patients (pts) with gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) refractory to IM. J Clin Oncol 2005. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2005.23.16_suppl.3016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- P. Reichardt
- Charité Campus Buch, Berlin, Germany; OHSU Cancer Institute and Portland VAMC, Portland, OR; Novartis Pharm Corp, East Hanover, NJ
| | - D. Pink
- Charité Campus Buch, Berlin, Germany; OHSU Cancer Institute and Portland VAMC, Portland, OR; Novartis Pharm Corp, East Hanover, NJ
| | - T. Lindner
- Charité Campus Buch, Berlin, Germany; OHSU Cancer Institute and Portland VAMC, Portland, OR; Novartis Pharm Corp, East Hanover, NJ
| | - M. C. Heinrich
- Charité Campus Buch, Berlin, Germany; OHSU Cancer Institute and Portland VAMC, Portland, OR; Novartis Pharm Corp, East Hanover, NJ
| | - P. S. Cohen
- Charité Campus Buch, Berlin, Germany; OHSU Cancer Institute and Portland VAMC, Portland, OR; Novartis Pharm Corp, East Hanover, NJ
| | - Y. Wang
- Charité Campus Buch, Berlin, Germany; OHSU Cancer Institute and Portland VAMC, Portland, OR; Novartis Pharm Corp, East Hanover, NJ
| | - R. Yu
- Charité Campus Buch, Berlin, Germany; OHSU Cancer Institute and Portland VAMC, Portland, OR; Novartis Pharm Corp, East Hanover, NJ
| | - A. Tsyrlova
- Charité Campus Buch, Berlin, Germany; OHSU Cancer Institute and Portland VAMC, Portland, OR; Novartis Pharm Corp, East Hanover, NJ
| | - S. Dimitrijevic
- Charité Campus Buch, Berlin, Germany; OHSU Cancer Institute and Portland VAMC, Portland, OR; Novartis Pharm Corp, East Hanover, NJ
| | - C. Blanke
- Charité Campus Buch, Berlin, Germany; OHSU Cancer Institute and Portland VAMC, Portland, OR; Novartis Pharm Corp, East Hanover, NJ
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Dileo P, Rankin CJ, Benjamin RS, von Mehren M, Blanke C, Bramwell V, Maki R, Fletcher C, Borden EC, Demetri GD. Incidence and reasons for dose modification of standard-dose vs. high-dose imatinib mesylate (IM) in the Phase III Intergroup Study S0033 of patients (pts) with unresectable or metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST). J Clin Oncol 2005. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2005.23.16_suppl.9032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- P. Dileo
- Dana-Farber Cancer Inst, Boston, MA; The Sarcoma Group and SWOG Statistical Ctr, Seattle, WA; M. D. Anderson Cancer Ctr and Intergroup, Houston, TX; Fox Chase Cancer Ctr, Philadelphia, PA; Oregon Health Sciences Univ, Portland, OR; NCI Canada, London, London, ON, Canada; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Inst, New York, NY; Brigham & Women’s Hosp, Boston, MA; Taussig Cancer Ctr, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - C. J. Rankin
- Dana-Farber Cancer Inst, Boston, MA; The Sarcoma Group and SWOG Statistical Ctr, Seattle, WA; M. D. Anderson Cancer Ctr and Intergroup, Houston, TX; Fox Chase Cancer Ctr, Philadelphia, PA; Oregon Health Sciences Univ, Portland, OR; NCI Canada, London, London, ON, Canada; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Inst, New York, NY; Brigham & Women’s Hosp, Boston, MA; Taussig Cancer Ctr, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - R. S. Benjamin
- Dana-Farber Cancer Inst, Boston, MA; The Sarcoma Group and SWOG Statistical Ctr, Seattle, WA; M. D. Anderson Cancer Ctr and Intergroup, Houston, TX; Fox Chase Cancer Ctr, Philadelphia, PA; Oregon Health Sciences Univ, Portland, OR; NCI Canada, London, London, ON, Canada; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Inst, New York, NY; Brigham & Women’s Hosp, Boston, MA; Taussig Cancer Ctr, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - M. von Mehren
- Dana-Farber Cancer Inst, Boston, MA; The Sarcoma Group and SWOG Statistical Ctr, Seattle, WA; M. D. Anderson Cancer Ctr and Intergroup, Houston, TX; Fox Chase Cancer Ctr, Philadelphia, PA; Oregon Health Sciences Univ, Portland, OR; NCI Canada, London, London, ON, Canada; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Inst, New York, NY; Brigham & Women’s Hosp, Boston, MA; Taussig Cancer Ctr, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - C. Blanke
- Dana-Farber Cancer Inst, Boston, MA; The Sarcoma Group and SWOG Statistical Ctr, Seattle, WA; M. D. Anderson Cancer Ctr and Intergroup, Houston, TX; Fox Chase Cancer Ctr, Philadelphia, PA; Oregon Health Sciences Univ, Portland, OR; NCI Canada, London, London, ON, Canada; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Inst, New York, NY; Brigham & Women’s Hosp, Boston, MA; Taussig Cancer Ctr, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - V. Bramwell
- Dana-Farber Cancer Inst, Boston, MA; The Sarcoma Group and SWOG Statistical Ctr, Seattle, WA; M. D. Anderson Cancer Ctr and Intergroup, Houston, TX; Fox Chase Cancer Ctr, Philadelphia, PA; Oregon Health Sciences Univ, Portland, OR; NCI Canada, London, London, ON, Canada; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Inst, New York, NY; Brigham & Women’s Hosp, Boston, MA; Taussig Cancer Ctr, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - R. Maki
- Dana-Farber Cancer Inst, Boston, MA; The Sarcoma Group and SWOG Statistical Ctr, Seattle, WA; M. D. Anderson Cancer Ctr and Intergroup, Houston, TX; Fox Chase Cancer Ctr, Philadelphia, PA; Oregon Health Sciences Univ, Portland, OR; NCI Canada, London, London, ON, Canada; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Inst, New York, NY; Brigham & Women’s Hosp, Boston, MA; Taussig Cancer Ctr, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - C. Fletcher
- Dana-Farber Cancer Inst, Boston, MA; The Sarcoma Group and SWOG Statistical Ctr, Seattle, WA; M. D. Anderson Cancer Ctr and Intergroup, Houston, TX; Fox Chase Cancer Ctr, Philadelphia, PA; Oregon Health Sciences Univ, Portland, OR; NCI Canada, London, London, ON, Canada; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Inst, New York, NY; Brigham & Women’s Hosp, Boston, MA; Taussig Cancer Ctr, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - E. C. Borden
- Dana-Farber Cancer Inst, Boston, MA; The Sarcoma Group and SWOG Statistical Ctr, Seattle, WA; M. D. Anderson Cancer Ctr and Intergroup, Houston, TX; Fox Chase Cancer Ctr, Philadelphia, PA; Oregon Health Sciences Univ, Portland, OR; NCI Canada, London, London, ON, Canada; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Inst, New York, NY; Brigham & Women’s Hosp, Boston, MA; Taussig Cancer Ctr, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - G. D. Demetri
- Dana-Farber Cancer Inst, Boston, MA; The Sarcoma Group and SWOG Statistical Ctr, Seattle, WA; M. D. Anderson Cancer Ctr and Intergroup, Houston, TX; Fox Chase Cancer Ctr, Philadelphia, PA; Oregon Health Sciences Univ, Portland, OR; NCI Canada, London, London, ON, Canada; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Inst, New York, NY; Brigham & Women’s Hosp, Boston, MA; Taussig Cancer Ctr, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
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Blanke C. Low dose versus high dose imatinib for gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Nat Clin Pract Gastroenterol Hepatol 2005; 2:76-7. [PMID: 16265122 DOI: 10.1038/ncpgasthep0086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2004] [Accepted: 12/13/2004] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
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Holdsworth CH, Manola J, Badawi RD, Israel DA, Blanke C, Von Mehren M, Joensuu HT, Dimitrijevic S, Demetri GD, Van Den Abbeele AD. Use of computerized tomography (CT) as an early prognostic indicator of response to imatinib mesylate (IM) in patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST). J Clin Oncol 2004. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2004.22.90140.3011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C. H. Holdsworth
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR; Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA; Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Novartis Pharma AG, Basle, Switzerland
| | - J. Manola
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR; Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA; Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Novartis Pharma AG, Basle, Switzerland
| | - R. D. Badawi
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR; Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA; Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Novartis Pharma AG, Basle, Switzerland
| | - D. A. Israel
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR; Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA; Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Novartis Pharma AG, Basle, Switzerland
| | - C. Blanke
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR; Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA; Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Novartis Pharma AG, Basle, Switzerland
| | - M. Von Mehren
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR; Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA; Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Novartis Pharma AG, Basle, Switzerland
| | - H. T. Joensuu
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR; Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA; Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Novartis Pharma AG, Basle, Switzerland
| | - S. Dimitrijevic
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR; Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA; Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Novartis Pharma AG, Basle, Switzerland
| | - G. D. Demetri
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR; Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA; Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Novartis Pharma AG, Basle, Switzerland
| | - A. D. Van Den Abbeele
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR; Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA; Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Novartis Pharma AG, Basle, Switzerland
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Rankin C, Von Mehren M, Blanke C, Benjamin R, Fletcher CDM, Bramwell V, Crowley J, Borden E, Demetri GD. Dose effect of imatinib (IM) in patients (pts) with metastatic GIST - Phase III Sarcoma Group Study S0033. J Clin Oncol 2004. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2004.22.90140.9005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C. Rankin
- The Sarcoma Group and SWOG Statistical Center, Seattle, WA; Fox Chase Cancer Ctr, ECOG, and The Sarcoma Group, Philadelphia, PA; OHSU, SWOG, and The Sarcoma Group, Portland, OR; MD Anderson Cancer Ctr and The Sarcoma Group, Houston, TX; Brigham and Women's Hospital and The Sarcoma Group, Boston, MA; NCI Canada and The Sarcoma Group, Calgary, SK, Canada; Cleveland Clinic, SWOG, and The Sarcoma Group, Cleveland, OH; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, CALGB, Sarcoma Group, Boston, MA
| | - M. Von Mehren
- The Sarcoma Group and SWOG Statistical Center, Seattle, WA; Fox Chase Cancer Ctr, ECOG, and The Sarcoma Group, Philadelphia, PA; OHSU, SWOG, and The Sarcoma Group, Portland, OR; MD Anderson Cancer Ctr and The Sarcoma Group, Houston, TX; Brigham and Women's Hospital and The Sarcoma Group, Boston, MA; NCI Canada and The Sarcoma Group, Calgary, SK, Canada; Cleveland Clinic, SWOG, and The Sarcoma Group, Cleveland, OH; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, CALGB, Sarcoma Group, Boston, MA
| | - C. Blanke
- The Sarcoma Group and SWOG Statistical Center, Seattle, WA; Fox Chase Cancer Ctr, ECOG, and The Sarcoma Group, Philadelphia, PA; OHSU, SWOG, and The Sarcoma Group, Portland, OR; MD Anderson Cancer Ctr and The Sarcoma Group, Houston, TX; Brigham and Women's Hospital and The Sarcoma Group, Boston, MA; NCI Canada and The Sarcoma Group, Calgary, SK, Canada; Cleveland Clinic, SWOG, and The Sarcoma Group, Cleveland, OH; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, CALGB, Sarcoma Group, Boston, MA
| | - R. Benjamin
- The Sarcoma Group and SWOG Statistical Center, Seattle, WA; Fox Chase Cancer Ctr, ECOG, and The Sarcoma Group, Philadelphia, PA; OHSU, SWOG, and The Sarcoma Group, Portland, OR; MD Anderson Cancer Ctr and The Sarcoma Group, Houston, TX; Brigham and Women's Hospital and The Sarcoma Group, Boston, MA; NCI Canada and The Sarcoma Group, Calgary, SK, Canada; Cleveland Clinic, SWOG, and The Sarcoma Group, Cleveland, OH; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, CALGB, Sarcoma Group, Boston, MA
| | - C. D. M. Fletcher
- The Sarcoma Group and SWOG Statistical Center, Seattle, WA; Fox Chase Cancer Ctr, ECOG, and The Sarcoma Group, Philadelphia, PA; OHSU, SWOG, and The Sarcoma Group, Portland, OR; MD Anderson Cancer Ctr and The Sarcoma Group, Houston, TX; Brigham and Women's Hospital and The Sarcoma Group, Boston, MA; NCI Canada and The Sarcoma Group, Calgary, SK, Canada; Cleveland Clinic, SWOG, and The Sarcoma Group, Cleveland, OH; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, CALGB, Sarcoma Group, Boston, MA
| | - V. Bramwell
- The Sarcoma Group and SWOG Statistical Center, Seattle, WA; Fox Chase Cancer Ctr, ECOG, and The Sarcoma Group, Philadelphia, PA; OHSU, SWOG, and The Sarcoma Group, Portland, OR; MD Anderson Cancer Ctr and The Sarcoma Group, Houston, TX; Brigham and Women's Hospital and The Sarcoma Group, Boston, MA; NCI Canada and The Sarcoma Group, Calgary, SK, Canada; Cleveland Clinic, SWOG, and The Sarcoma Group, Cleveland, OH; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, CALGB, Sarcoma Group, Boston, MA
| | - J. Crowley
- The Sarcoma Group and SWOG Statistical Center, Seattle, WA; Fox Chase Cancer Ctr, ECOG, and The Sarcoma Group, Philadelphia, PA; OHSU, SWOG, and The Sarcoma Group, Portland, OR; MD Anderson Cancer Ctr and The Sarcoma Group, Houston, TX; Brigham and Women's Hospital and The Sarcoma Group, Boston, MA; NCI Canada and The Sarcoma Group, Calgary, SK, Canada; Cleveland Clinic, SWOG, and The Sarcoma Group, Cleveland, OH; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, CALGB, Sarcoma Group, Boston, MA
| | - E. Borden
- The Sarcoma Group and SWOG Statistical Center, Seattle, WA; Fox Chase Cancer Ctr, ECOG, and The Sarcoma Group, Philadelphia, PA; OHSU, SWOG, and The Sarcoma Group, Portland, OR; MD Anderson Cancer Ctr and The Sarcoma Group, Houston, TX; Brigham and Women's Hospital and The Sarcoma Group, Boston, MA; NCI Canada and The Sarcoma Group, Calgary, SK, Canada; Cleveland Clinic, SWOG, and The Sarcoma Group, Cleveland, OH; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, CALGB, Sarcoma Group, Boston, MA
| | - G. D. Demetri
- The Sarcoma Group and SWOG Statistical Center, Seattle, WA; Fox Chase Cancer Ctr, ECOG, and The Sarcoma Group, Philadelphia, PA; OHSU, SWOG, and The Sarcoma Group, Portland, OR; MD Anderson Cancer Ctr and The Sarcoma Group, Houston, TX; Brigham and Women's Hospital and The Sarcoma Group, Boston, MA; NCI Canada and The Sarcoma Group, Calgary, SK, Canada; Cleveland Clinic, SWOG, and The Sarcoma Group, Cleveland, OH; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, CALGB, Sarcoma Group, Boston, MA
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Blanke
- Oregon Health Science University, 3181 Southwest Sam Jackson Park Rd., Portland, OR 97201, USA.
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Blanke C. Current management of GIST. Clin Adv Hematol Oncol 2004; 2:280, 283. [PMID: 17682286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
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Masters GA, Declerck L, Blanke C, Sandler A, DeVore R, Miller K, Johnson D. Phase II trial of gemcitabine in refractory or relapsed small-cell lung cancer: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Trial 1597. J Clin Oncol 2003; 21:1550-5. [PMID: 12697880 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2003.09.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Gemcitabine has shown a broad range of activity in solid tumors, including previously untreated small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). The objective of this phase II trial was to investigate the activity of gemcitabine in patients with relapsed SCLC. PATIENTS AND METHODS SCLC patients with measurable disease who had experienced treatment failure with one prior chemotherapy regimen were considered eligible. Patients were required to have Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0 to 2 and adequate organ function; signed informed consent was also required. Treatment consisted of gemcitabine 1,000 mg/m2 on days 1, 8, and 15 of a 28-day cycle. Patients were stratified according to their previous response to first-line chemotherapy (primary refractory v primary sensitive disease). RESULTS Forty-six patients were enrolled onto this phase II trial (20 refractory and 26 sensitive patients). Forty-two of these patients were assessable for response and survival, and 44 were assessable for toxicity. Median patient age was 60 years, and median ECOG performance status was 1. Principal grade 3/4 hematologic toxicities included neutropenia (27%) and thrombocytopenia (27%). The main grade 3/4 nonhematologic toxicities were pulmonary (9%) and neurologic toxicity (14%). Objective responses occurred in 11.9% of patients overall, including one patient with refractory SCLC (5.6%) and four patients with sensitive SCLC (16.7%). Median survival for the overall group was 7.1 months. Survival was not significantly different for patients with refractory versus sensitive disease. CONCLUSION Gemcitabine has modest activity in previously treated SCLC patients. The favorable toxicity profile warrants further investigation, either in combination chemotherapy regimens or with targeted biologic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory A Masters
- Helen Graham Cancer Center, 4701 Ogletown-Stanton Rd, Ste 2200, Newark, DE 19713, USA.
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Karamlou TB, Vetto JT, Corless C, Deloughery T, Faigel D, Blanke C. Metastatic breast cancer manifested as refractory anemia and gastric polyps. South Med J 2002; 95:922-5. [PMID: 12190233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
Gastric metastasis from breast cancer is uncommon and typically occurs in patients with disseminated disease. The vast majority of patients with gastric lesions have a known preexisting diagnosis of breast cancer. In contrast, we describe a case in which a minimal breast cancer was found to be the primary tumor during the workup of a patient first diagnosed with carcinoma of unknown primary and subsequently presumed to have metastatic gastric cancer. Our case illustrates that a diagnosis of breast cancer metastatic to the stomach may require a high index of suspicion, as well as a meticulous breast workup. It also emphasizes that even tiny breast cancers have a small but real risk of metastatic spread. Determination of the correct primary source in these cases may not be only an academic exercise, since the treatment and prognosis of metastatic breast cancer (especially receptor positive) and metastatic gastric cancer are different.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara B Karamlou
- Department of Surgery, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland 97201-3098, USA
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Saltz LB, Cox JV, Blanke C, Rosen LS, Fehrenbacher L, Moore MJ, Maroun JA, Ackland SP, Locker PK, Pirotta N, Elfring GL, Miller LL. Irinotecan plus fluorouracil and leucovorin for metastatic colorectal cancer. Irinotecan Study Group. N Engl J Med 2000; 343:905-14. [PMID: 11006366 DOI: 10.1056/nejm200009283431302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2190] [Impact Index Per Article: 91.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The combination of fluorouracil and leucovorin has until recently been standard therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer. Irinotecan prolongs survival in patients with colorectal cancer that is refractory to treatment with fluorouracil and leucovorin. In a multicenter trial, we compared a combination of irinotecan, fluorouracil and leucovorin with bolus doses of fluorouracil and leucovorin as first-line therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer. A third group of patients received irinotecan alone. METHODS Patients were randomly assigned to receive irinotecan (125 mg per square meter of body-surface area intravenously), fluorouracil (500 mg per square meter as an intravenous bolus), and leucovorin (20 mg per square meter as an intravenous bolus) weekly for four weeks every six weeks; fluorouracil (425 mg per square meter as an intravenous bolus) and leucovorin (20 mg per square meter as an intravenous bolus) daily for five consecutive days every four weeks; or irinotecan alone (125 mg per square meter intravenously) weekly for four weeks every six weeks. End points included progression-free survival and overall survival. RESULTS Of 683 patients, 231 were assigned to receive irinotecan, fluorouracil, and leucovorin; 226 to receive fluorouracil and leucovorin; and 226 to receive irinotecan alone. In an intention-to-treat analysis, as compared with treatment with fluorouracil and leucovorin, treatment with irinotecan, fluorouracil, and leucovorin resulted in significantly longer progression-free survival (median, 7.0 vs. 4.3 months; P=0.004), a higher rate of confirmed response (39 percent vs. 21 percent, P<0.001), and longer overall survival (median, 14.8 vs. 12.6 months; P=0.04). Results for irinotecan alone were similar to those for fluorouracil and leucovorin. Grade 3 (severe) diarrhea was more common during treatment with irinotecan, fluorouracil, and leucovorin than during treatment with fluorouracil and leucovorin, but the incidence of grade 4 (life-threatening) diarrhea was similar in the two groups (<8 percent). Grade 3 or 4 mucositis, grade 4 neutropenia, and neutropenic fever were less frequent during treatment with irinotecan, fluorouracil, and leucovorin. Adding irinotecan to the regimen of fluorouracil and leucovorin did not compromise the quality of life. CONCLUSIONS Weekly treatment with irinotecan plus fluorouracil and leucovorin is superior to a widely used regimen of fluorouracil and leucovorin for metastatic colorectal cancer in terms of progression-free survival and overall survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- L B Saltz
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA
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Miller KD, Picus J, Blanke C, John W, Clark J, Shulman LN, Thornton D, Rowinsky E, Loehrer PJ. Phase II study of the multitargeted antifolate LY231514 (ALIMTA, MTA, pemetrexed disodium) in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. Ann Oncol 2000. [PMID: 10690396 DOI: 10.1023/a: 1008305205159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the safety and activity of LY231514 (ALIMTA, MTA, pemetrexed disodium, Eli Lilly and Co., Indianapolis, IN) in chemotherapy-naïve patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with unresectable or metastatic pancreatic cancer received LY231514 600 mg/m2 as a 10-minute infusion every three weeks. RESULTS Forty-two patients were enrolled in this phase II trial. The median age was 60.3 (range 37-77) years; 79% had metastatic disease. Neutropenia was common (40% of patients > or = grade 3) but infectious complications were rare. Significant anemia or thrombocytopenia occurred in < 20% of patients. Non-hematologic toxicities included grade 2 or 3 skin reaction which was ameliorated by dexamethasone. Elevations of bilirubin or transaminases were infrequent (< 25% of patients) and did not require dose reductions or treatment delays. Thirty-five patients received two cycles of therapy and were evaluable for response. One complete (duration 16.2 months) and one partial (duration 6.9 months) were observed resulting in an objective response rate of 5.7% for evaluable patients. In addition, 17 patients (40%) had stable disease that lasted > or = 6 months in 5 patients. The median survival was 6.5 months, with 28% of patients alive at one year. CONCLUSIONS LY231514 is a well-tolerated agent with minimal objective antitumor activity in pancreatic cancer. The median and one year survival times, which may be important indicators in phase II trials of new agents, are of interest. Combination trials of LY231514 in pancreatic cancer are planned.
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Affiliation(s)
- K D Miller
- Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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