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Padyab N, Gallas G, Lozoya M, Veltri C, Hernandez J. Disruption of Metal Homeostasis and its Effect on Bacterial Growth and Antibiotic Resistance. FASEB J 2020. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2020.34.s1.06234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Metastasio A, Prevete E, Singh D, Grundmann O, Prozialeck WC, Veltri C, Bersani G, Corazza O. Can Kratom ( Mitragyna speciosa) Alleviate COVID-19 Pain? A Case Study. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:594816. [PMID: 33329145 PMCID: PMC7717955 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.594816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Among the symptoms of COVID-19 fever, general malaise, pain and aches, myalgia, fatigue, and headache can affect the quality of life of patients, even after the end of the acute phase of the infection and can be long lasting. The current treatment of these symptoms, also because COVID-19 patients have been asked not to use non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), in particular ibuprofen are often unsatisfactory. Among the above mentioned symptoms malaise and fatigue seem the most difficult to treat. In this case report we describe the use of kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) by a patient with confirmed COVID-19 infection. What we observed was a fast and sustained relieve of the above mentioned symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Metastasio
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, United Kingdom.,NHS Camden and Islington Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elisabeth Prevete
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Darshan Singh
- Centre for Drug Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, Malaysia
| | - Oliver Grundmann
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Walter C Prozialeck
- Department of Pharmacology, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL, United States
| | - Charles Veltri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ, United States
| | - Giuseppe Bersani
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Ornella Corazza
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, United Kingdom.,Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Singh D, Brown PN, Cinosi E, Corazza O, Henningfield JE, Garcia-Romeu A, McCurdy CR, McMahon LR, Prozialeck WC, Smith KE, Swogger MT, Veltri C, Walsh Z, Grundmann O. Current and Future Potential Impact of COVID-19 on Kratom ( Mitragyna speciosa Korth.) Supply and Use. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:574483. [PMID: 33324252 PMCID: PMC7726130 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.574483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa Korth., Rubiaceae) is native to and has traditional use in Southeast Asia. The number of kratom users outside of Southeast Asia has increased significantly in recent decades with use spreading to the Unites States (US) and Europe. Because of its reputed opioid-like psychoactive effects at higher doses, kratom has been regulated in several countries and is subject to an import ban by the US Food and Drug Administration. Nonetheless, in the US it is estimated that 10-15 million people consume kratom primarily for the self-treatment of pain, psychiatric disorders, to mitigate withdrawal from or dependence on opioids, and to self-treat opioid use disorder or other substance use disorders (SUDs). Due to the global COVID-19 pandemic, a shortage in the supply of kratom products may place unexpected burdens on kratom users, potentially influencing some who use kratom for SUD self-treatment to regress to harmful drug use, hence increasing the likelihood of adverse outcomes, including overdose. Inadequate treatment, treatment barriers, and increases in the sales of adulterated kratom products on the internet or in convenience stores could exacerbate circumstances further. Although there are currently no verified indications of kratom scarcity, researchers and clinicians should be aware of and remain vigilant to this unanticipated possibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darshan Singh
- Centre for Drug Research, University Sains Malaysia, George Town, Malaysia
| | - Paula N Brown
- Centre for Applied Research and Innovation, British Columbia Institute of Technology, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Eduardo Cinosi
- Department of Clinical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, United Kingdom.,Hertfordshire Partnership National Health Service University Foundation Trust, St Albans, United Kingdom
| | - Ornella Corazza
- Department of Clinical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, United Kingdom
| | - Jack E Henningfield
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Pinney Associates, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Albert Garcia-Romeu
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Christopher R McCurdy
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Florida, FL, United States
| | - Lance R McMahon
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Florida, FL, United States
| | - Walter C Prozialeck
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL, United States
| | - Kirsten E Smith
- National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Marc T Swogger
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Charles Veltri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ, United States
| | - Zach Walsh
- Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - Oliver Grundmann
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Florida, FL, United States
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Abstract
The leaves from the tree Mitragyna speciosa, commonly known as Kratom, in the coffee plant family (Rubiaceae) are commonly used in their native habitat of Southeast Asia as a stimulant to sustain energy during hard day labor and as an opioid-like analgesic and sedative. Traditional and modern uses overlap based on the effects of the leaf extract which has also gained popularity in the United States and Europe in the last two decades. Kratom has and is being used for the mitigation of opioid withdrawal symptoms and as a harm reduction agent with a minority of users subsequently developing a dependence on the extract. The respective demographic use patterns of Kratom differ between Southeast Asia and the Western world. While pure Kratom is primarily used by day laborers and misused in conjunction with cough medicine by youth in Southeast Asia, a majority of users in the United States is middle-aged, has at least middle income, private health insurance, and completed some college. Deaths attributed to the use of Kratom have been reported in Europe and the United States but not in Southeast Asia. Although Kratom was detected as the alkaloid mitragynine in the blood of the decedents, causality could not be established in almost all cases because of poly-drug exposures. It is notable that Kratom can cause herb–drug interactions, especially with other central nervous system -active substances. Given the mostly unregulated market for Kratom products in Western countries, consumers may be exposed to adulterated or contaminated products, especially if purchased through websites or the darknet. A number of countries have scheduled Kratom because of its stimulant- and opioid-like effects and the established interaction of the alkaloid mitragynine with opioid receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Veltri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ 85308, USA
| | - Oliver Grundmann
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ 85308, USA.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
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Veltri C, Grundmann O. Association of Kratom Use with Impairment: Many Legal Questions Remain. J Anal Toxicol 2019; 43:e8-e9. [DOI: 10.1093/jat/bkz012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Charles Veltri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Midwestern University, Glendale AZ, USA
| | - Oliver Grundmann
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Midwestern University, Glendale AZ, USA
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville FL, USA
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Rowles J, Veltri C. Performance on Interdisciplinary Topics in an Integrated Pharmacy Course. Innov Pharm 2017. [DOI: 10.24926/iip.v8i1.486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Many colleges and schools of Pharmacy combine interdisciplinary topics such as pathophysiology, pharmacology, medicinal chemistry and therapeutics into one integrated course. Our main aim for this study is to determine if students pass integrated courses and yet fail to pass interdisciplinary sections of those courses.
Methods: Two representative integrated sequence courses were evaluated without any study-imposed intervention. Individual student examination scores (~140 students) were evaluated for overall performance as well as for performance on the interdisciplinary topics of pathophysiology/pharmacology, medicinal chemistry, and therapeutics. The degree of difficulty of the examination questions, as well as the test item discrimination, were also measured.
Results: There were students that passed the course but failed one, or more, of the interdisciplinary topics. Combining data from both courses, medicinal chemistry was the most frequently failed discipline (29 students), followed closely by pharmacology (22 students), and distantly by therapeutics (1 student). The examination questions for medicinal chemistry were not more difficult nor more discriminatory than the questions for the other disciplines.
Conclusions: These data indicate that students pass integrated courses, but fail to pass interdisciplinary sections of those courses, especially the pharmaceutical sciences. It is not known if these results are consistent, nor what long-term adverse consequences may result. These results inform curricular and assessment aspects of the pharmacy academy as pertains to establishing the scientific foundation required by the CAPE 2013 Educational Outcomes.
Type: Original Research
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Rowles J, Veltri C. Performance on Interdisciplinary Topics in an Integrated Pharmacy Course. Innov Pharm 2017. [DOI: 10.24926/21550417.1298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Lavano A, Volpentesta G, Aloisi M, Veltri C, Piragine G, Signorelli CD. Use of chronic sacral nerve stimulation in neurological voiding disorders. J Neurosurg Sci 2004; 48:157-9. [PMID: 15876984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
AIM Neurogenic low urinary tract dysfunctions unresponsive to medical and conservative therapy are difficult to manage. Nowadays they can be treated with Sacral Nerve Stimulation (SNS), even if clinical experiences reported in literature are still limited. METHODS We performed SNS in 6 patients with neurogenic bladder: 3 patients had incontinence-urgency (1 myelitis, 1 multiple sclerosis, 1 autonomic polineuropathy) and 3 patients had urinary retention (1 incomplete spinal cord lesion, 1 operation for discal hernia T5-T6, 1 hysterectomy). RESULTS Among cases with incontinence-urgency we achieved complete control of the bladder in 2 patients while in 1 patient the number of urinary losses was reduced of the 80%. In 2 patients with urinary retention we obtained complete recovery of the bladder function, while in 1 patient the number of cateterisms/die reduced of 50%, the urinary volume for micturion increased and residual urinary volume decreased. Results were unchanged during the follow-up (maximum 26 months), except for 1 patient in which a partial loss of effectiveness occurred. CONCLUSIONS Chronic electric stimulation of S3 sacral roots via an implanted neuroprotesis is therefore an effectiveness, save and promising therapeutic option in treatment of neurogenic bladder dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lavano
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, G. Salvatore, Faculty of Medicine, Magna Graecia, University of Catanzaro, Italy.
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Lavano A, Volpentesta G, Chirchiglia D, Signorelli F, Ferraro G, Veltri C, Aloisi M, Piragine G, Iorio LE. New Treatments for Severe Intractable Dystonia: Intrathecal Baclofen Therapy (IBT) and Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) of GPi. Neuromodulation 2003. [DOI: 10.1046/j.1525-1403.2003.03027_28.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Signorelli CD, Lavano A, Volpentesta G, Chirchiglia D, Signorelli F, Sibille M, Ferraro G, Veltri C, Aloisi M, Piragine G, Zappia M, Arabia G, Pardatcher S, Pardatcher K, Santangelo E. [Deep brain stimulation in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Our experience]. J Neurosurg Sci 2003; 47:19-23. [PMID: 14631669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C D Signorelli
- Cattedra di Neurochirurgia, Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia Università degli Studi Magna Graecia di Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
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Signorelli CD, Lavano A, Volpentesta G, Chirchiglia D, Signorelli F, Bono F, Ferraro G, Sibille M, Veltri C, Aloisi M, Piragine G, Serra S, Scola P, Pardatcher S, Pardatcher K, Santangelo E. [Intrathecal baclofen in the treatment of spasticity. Our experience]. J Neurosurg Sci 2003; 47:65-7. [PMID: 14631678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C D Signorelli
- Cattedra di Neurochirurgia, Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia Università degli Studi Magna Graecia di Catanzaro, Via T. Campanella 115, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
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Signorelli CD, Lavano A, Volpentesta G, Chirchiglia D, Signorelli F, Sibille M, Ferraro G, Veltri C, Aloisi M, Piragine G, Santangelo E, Pardatcher S, Pardatcher K. [Spinal cord stimulation in chronic lumbar pain]. J Neurosurg Sci 2003; 47:41-5. [PMID: 14631673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C D Signorelli
- Cattedra di Neurochirurgia, Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia Università degli Studi Magna Graecia di Catanzaro, Via T. Campanella 115, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
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Affiliation(s)
- R Lagonigro
- Dipartimento di Scienze Animali Vegetali e dell'Ambiente, Universit del Molise, Campobasso, Italy
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Veltri C, Mamoli A. [A case of Guillain-Barré syndrome complicated by diabetes insipidus]. Riv Neurobiol 1968; 14:590-605. [PMID: 5738410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Veltri C, Santagati G, Sartori S, Giraldi M. [Considerations on cardiopathy due to corticosteroids, salts and stress]. Arch De Vecchi Anat Patol 1967; 49:459-66. [PMID: 5608910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Santagati G, Veltri C, Sartori S, Giraldi M. [Influence of nicotine and phenelzine on experimental cardiopathy induced by corticosteroids, salts and stress]. Arch De Vecchi Anat Patol 1967; 49:467-79. [PMID: 5629432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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