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Fan LY, Sun CL, Chen YH, Gao GS. [GNB2L1 gene expression and clinical value in hepatocellular carcinoma based on bioinformatics]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 2022; 30:954-961. [PMID: 36299189 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20211014-00509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-2-like 1 (GNB2L1) expression based on bioinformatics, so as to evaluate its role and its relationship with survival rate during the occurrence and development of hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods: GEPIA, UALCAN and HPA databases were used to analyze the expression level of GNB2L1 and its relationship with HCC survival rate. Mutations in the GNB2L1 gene and their impact on survival were analyzed using the cBioPortal database. LinkedOmics database was used to analyze GNB2L1-related genes in HCC. Gene Ontology (GO) functional annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis were performed simultaneously. STEING database was used to construct the GNB2L1 protein interaction network. TIMER database was used to analyze the relationship between GNB2L1 gene expression and immune infiltration in hepatocellular carcinoma. Differential expression of GNB2L1 in plasma platelets of HCC patients and healthy controls was analyzed using mRNA-based sequencing technology. Data between groups were compared using an independent-samples t-test. Results: GNB2L1 expression level was significantly increased in HCC tissues (P<0.05), and its expression was significantly correlated with body weight, classification and stage (P<0.05). The overall survival rate was higher in GNB2L1 low expression group (P<0.001). GNB2L1 and its related genes were related to biological process regulation, metabolic process, protein binding, oxidative phosphorylation, JAK-STAT signaling pathway, Ras signaling pathway and so on. GNB2L1 had interaction with RPS12, RPS11 and RPL19, and participated in multiple biological processes such as liver regeneration and positive regulation of endogenous apoptotic signaling pathway. GNB2L1 expression was significantly positively correlated with the infiltration degree of various immune cells in HCC (P<0.05). Cox regression analysis showed that GNB2L1 was an independent risk factor for lower survival rate in patients with HCC [Hazard ratio (95% confidence interval)=1.456 (1.034~2.051), P=0.031]. GNB2L1expression levels were significantly higher in platelets of HCC patients than that of healthy controls (10.40±1.36 vs. 9.58±0.51, t=2.194, P=0.037). Conclusion: GNB2L1 has high expression and close relationship to survival rate in HCC. Therefore, GNB2L1 may be a potential biomarker of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Y Fan
- Huamei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis, Treatment and Research of Digestive System Tumors, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - C L Sun
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Haining 314400, China
| | - Y H Chen
- Atlanta Emory University, Atlanta 30322, USA
| | - G S Gao
- Huamei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis, Treatment and Research of Digestive System Tumors, Ningbo 315010, China
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Sun CL, Lai SY, Tsai KJ, Wang J, Zhou J, Chen HY. Application of nanoporous core–shell structured multi-walled carbon nanotube–graphene oxide nanoribbons in electrochemical biosensors. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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3
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Sun CL, Lin CH, Kuo CH, Huang CW, Nguyen DD, Chou TC, Chen CY, Lu YJ. Visible-Light-Assisted Photoelectrochemical Biosensing of Uric Acid Using Metal-Free Graphene Oxide Nanoribbons. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2021; 11:nano11102693. [PMID: 34685134 PMCID: PMC8538689 DOI: 10.3390/nano11102693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we demonstrate the visible-light-assisted photoelectrochemical (PEC) biosensing of uric acid (UA) by using graphene oxide nanoribbons (GONRs) as PEC electrode materials. Specifically, GONRs with controlled properties were synthesized by the microwave-assisted exfoliation of multi-walled carbon nanotubes. For the detection of UA, GONRs were adopted to modify either a screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) or a glassy carbon electrode (GCE). Cyclic voltammetry analyses indicated that all Faradaic currents of UA oxidation on GONRs with different unzipping/exfoliating levels on SPCE increased by more than 20.0% under AM 1.5 irradiation. Among these, the GONRs synthesized under a microwave power of 200 W, namely GONR(200 W), exhibited the highest increase in Faradaic current. Notably, the GONR(200 W)/GCE electrodes revealed a remarkable elevation (~40.0%) of the Faradaic current when irradiated by light-emitting diode (LED) light sources under an intensity of illumination of 80 mW/cm2. Therefore, it is believed that our GONRs hold great potential for developing a novel platform for PEC biosensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Liang Sun
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 333323, Taiwan; (C.-H.L.); (C.-H.K.); (C.-W.H.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City 333423, Taiwan
- Correspondence: or (C.-L.S.); (Y.-J.L.)
| | - Cheng-Hsuan Lin
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 333323, Taiwan; (C.-H.L.); (C.-H.K.); (C.-W.H.)
| | - Chia-Heng Kuo
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 333323, Taiwan; (C.-H.L.); (C.-H.K.); (C.-W.H.)
| | - Chia-Wei Huang
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 333323, Taiwan; (C.-H.L.); (C.-H.K.); (C.-W.H.)
| | - Duc Dung Nguyen
- Center for High Technology Development, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam;
| | - Tsu-Chin Chou
- Institute of Analytical and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan;
| | - Cheng-Ying Chen
- Center for Plasma and Thin Film Technologies (CPTFT), Department of Materials Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City 243303, Taiwan;
| | - Yu-Jen Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City 333423, Taiwan
- Correspondence: or (C.-L.S.); (Y.-J.L.)
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Wang LC, Gu AQ, Sun CL, Xu H, Ni XS, Wang RJ, Zhao XY, Wang QC. Cross-sectional study of factors correlated to quality of life in patients with coronary artery disease and diabetic retinopathy. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2020; 34:1235-1240. [PMID: 32959642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- L C Wang
- Cardiology Unit, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - A Q Gu
- Cardiology Unit, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - C L Sun
- Cardiology Unit, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - H Xu
- Cardiology Unit, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - X S Ni
- Cardiology Unit, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - R J Wang
- Cardiology Unit, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - X Y Zhao
- Cardiology Unit, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Q C Wang
- Cardiology Unit, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
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Chou HY, Wang HMD, Kuo CH, Lu PH, Wang L, Kang W, Sun CL. Antioxidant Graphene Oxide Nanoribbon as a Novel Whitening Agent Inhibits Microphthalmia-Associated Transcription Factor-Related Melanogenesis Mechanism. ACS Omega 2020; 5:6588-6597. [PMID: 32258894 PMCID: PMC7114877 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b04316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
In the melanin synthesis process, oxidative reactions play an essential role, and it is a good strategy to inhibit melanin production by reducing oxidative stress. Fullerene and its derivatives, or the complexes, were considered as strong free-radical scavengers, and we further applied multilayered sp2 nanocarbons to discover melanin synthesis inhibitory mechanisms. In the present study, we used novel nanomaterials, such as multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), short-type MWCNTs, graphene oxide nanoribbons (GONRs), and short-type GONRs, as anti-oxidative agents to regulate melanin production. The results showed that GONRs had better anti-oxidative capabilities in intracellular and extracellular oxidative stress analysis platforms than others. We proposed that GONRs have oxygen-containing functional groups. In the 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate assay, we found out GONR could chelate metal ions to scavenge reactive oxygen species. In the molecular insight view, we observed that these nanomaterials downregulated the melanin synthesis by decreasing microphthalmia-associated transcription factor-related gene expressions, and there were similar consequences in protein expressions. To sum up, GONRs is a potential agent as a novel antioxidant and skin-whitening cosmetology material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Yu Chou
- Ph.D.
Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City 402, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Min David Wang
- Ph.D.
Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City 402, Taiwan
- Graduate
Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National
Chung Hsing University, Taichung
City 402, Taiwan
- Graduate
Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan
- Department
of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, China Medical University, Taichung
City 404, Taiwan
- College
of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei
University, Xiamen 361021, PR China
| | - Chia-Heng Kuo
- Department
of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Chang
Gung University, Taoyuan
City 333, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Hsuan Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Department of Dermatology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan
- Taipei
Arts Plastic Clinic, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Lin Wang
- College
of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F
University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR
China
| | - Wenyi Kang
- Joint
International Research Laboratory of Food & Medicine Resource
Function, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Chia-Liang Sun
- Department
of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Chang
Gung University, Taoyuan
City 333, Taiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Department of Dermatology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan
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Sun CL, Guo DN, Shen J, Du XD. [A clinical analysis of 27 cases of simultaneous bilateral sudden sensorineural hearing loss]. Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2019; 33:1134-1137. [PMID: 31914259 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2019.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Objective:To compare the clinical characteristics and therapeutic effects between simultaneous bilateral sudden sensorineural hearing loss(Si-BSSHL) and unilateral sudden sensorineural hearing loss(USSHL). Method:The clinical data of 27 cases of Si-BSSHL were retrospectively analyzed, including the characteristics of the disease, clinical manifestations, audiological examination, hematological examination, and therapeutic effect, and compared with those of 139 cases of USSHL. Result:There was a statistically significant difference in the age(65.85±9.17 vs 56.95±13.18, P<0.01) and no significant difference in sex ratio(P>0.05) between the two groups. The proportion of Si-BSSHL patients with vertigo, ear fullness, hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease and stroke had no statistical difference compared with those of USSHL(P>0.05), the proportion of patients with tinnitus in Si-BSSHL group was significantly lower than that in USSHL group(P<0.05). The distribution of hearing loss degree and the type of audiometry in Si-BSSHL group were significantly different from those in USSHL group, PTA before treatment and the proportion of profound hearing loss in Si-BSSHL group was significantly lower than that in USSHL group(P<0.05), descending audiometry type was more common in Si-BSSHL group compared to USSHL(P<0.01). Fibrinogen in Si-BSSHL group was significantly higher than that in USSHL group(P<0.05). No significant difference was found between the two groups with respect to mean platelet volume, blood lipid and folic acid(P>0.05). The total treatment effective rate in Si-BSSHL group was 44.44%, while that in USSHL group was 41.73%, there was no significant difference between the two groups(P>0.05). Conclusion:Si-BSSHL has a female preponderance and tends to occur in advanced age in our cohort. Compared to USSHL patients, Si-BSSHL patients have less profound hearing loss and more descending audiograms, and the proportion of patients with extremely severe deafness is relatively small. There is no significant difference in the therapeutic effect between the two groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- C L Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University,Wuxi,214062,China
| | - D N Guo
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University,Wuxi,214062,China
| | - J Shen
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University,Wuxi,214062,China
| | - X D Du
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University,Wuxi,214062,China
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Su CH, Sun CL, Peng SY, Wu JJ, Huang YH, Liao YC. High performance non-enzymatic graphene-based glucose fuel cell operated under moderate temperatures and a neutral solution. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2018.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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8
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Li XY, Sun CL, Du XD. [The role of ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT for detecting nodal metastases in cN0 head neck cancer patients:a Meta-analysis]. Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018; 32:700-704. [PMID: 29771090 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2018.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective:The aim of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT(¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT) for the diagnosis of cervical node metastases in cN0 head neck cancer patients. Method:An electronic database search(PubMed,EMBASE,Cochrane Library,WanFang and CNKI databases)was performed. Updated quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies-2(QUADAS-2) was used to assess study quality. Data analyses were performed with Meta-Disc1.4. Result:Eight studies were included in the present Meta-analysis. For patient-specific data,the pooled sensitivity,specificity,diagnostic odds ratio(DOR),positive likelihood ratio(PLR),and negative likelihood(NLR)for ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT were 0.61(95%CI0.52-0.69),0.74(95%CI0.68-0.78),9.62(95%CI2.49-37.22),3.22(95%CI1.55-6.71),and 0.42(95%CI0.24-0.37),respectively. The area under the curve(AUC)was 0.804 1.The evaluation of heterogeneity,calculated the pooled diagnostic odds ratio,gave aQvalue of 21.26(P<0.05)and an I²of 81.2%. Conclusion:The results of meta-analysis suggested that ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT did not provide better diagnostic accuracy than CT/MRI in detecting cervical node metastases in cN0 head and neck cancer. Considering the high heterogeneity of the included studies,potential value of PET/CT needs to be validated in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Y Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery,Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University,the Fourth People's Hospital of Wuxi,Wuxi,214000,China
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Lin TE, Lu YJ, Sun CL, Pick H, Chen JP, Lesch A, Girault HH. Weiche elektrochemische Sonden zum Abbilden der Verteilung von Biomarkern und injizierten Nanomaterialien in tierischem und menschlichem Gewebe. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201709271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-En Lin
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Physique et Analytique; École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne; EPFL Valais Wallis; 1951 Sitten Schweiz
| | - Yu-Jen Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery; Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital; Guishan Taoyuan 33305 Taiwan
- Chang Gung University College of Medicine; Guishan Taoyuan 33302 Taiwan
| | - Chia-Liang Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery; Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital; Guishan Taoyuan 33305 Taiwan
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering; Chang Gung University; Guishan Taoyuan 33302 Taiwan
| | - Horst Pick
- Laboratory of Biophysical Chemistry of Macromolecules; École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL; 1015 Lausanne Schweiz
| | - Jyh-Ping Chen
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering; Chang Gung University; Guishan Taoyuan 33302 Taiwan
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery and Craniofacial Research Center; Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital; Guishan Taoyuan 33305 Taiwan
| | - Andreas Lesch
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Physique et Analytique; École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne; EPFL Valais Wallis; 1951 Sitten Schweiz
| | - Hubert H. Girault
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Physique et Analytique; École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne; EPFL Valais Wallis; 1951 Sitten Schweiz
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Lin TE, Lu YJ, Sun CL, Pick H, Chen JP, Lesch A, Girault HH. Soft Electrochemical Probes for Mapping the Distribution of Biomarkers and Injected Nanomaterials in Animal and Human Tissues. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:16498-16502. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201709271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-En Lin
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Physique et Analytique; École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne; EPFL Valais Wallis; 1951 Sion Switzerland
| | - Yu-Jen Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery; Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital; Guishan Taoyuan 33305 Taiwan
- Chang Gung University College of Medicine; Guishan Taoyuan 33302 Taiwan
| | - Chia-Liang Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery; Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital; Guishan Taoyuan 33305 Taiwan
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering; Chang Gung University; Guishan Taoyuan 33302 Taiwan
| | - Horst Pick
- Laboratory of Biophysical Chemistry of Macromolecules; École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL; 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Jyh-Ping Chen
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering; Chang Gung University; Guishan Taoyuan 33302 Taiwan
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery and Craniofacial Research Center; Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital; Guishan Taoyuan 33305 Taiwan
| | - Andreas Lesch
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Physique et Analytique; École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne; EPFL Valais Wallis; 1951 Sion Switzerland
| | - Hubert H. Girault
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Physique et Analytique; École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne; EPFL Valais Wallis; 1951 Sion Switzerland
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Su CH, Sun CL, Liao YC. Printed Combinatorial Sensors for Simultaneous Detection of Ascorbic Acid, Uric Acid, Dopamine, and Nitrite. ACS Omega 2017; 2:4245-4252. [PMID: 30023719 PMCID: PMC6044958 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b00681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, an effective and simple direct printing method was developed to create sensing devices on screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs) to detect multiple species simultaneously. Two sensing materials, graphene oxide nanoribbons (GONRs) and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS), were printed on one SPCE for detection of multiple biochemical substances. Printed layers of the GONRs and PEDOT:PSS mixture (GONRs & PEDOT:PSS) on SPCE showed embedment of GONRs in the PEDOT:PSS layer and diminished the electrochemical activity of GONRs. In contrast, by printing the GONRs and PEDOT:PSS at separate locations (GONRs + PEDOT:PSS) on the same SPCE, the electrochemical activities of both GONRs and PEDOT:PSS can be preserved. Thus, without synthesizing new materials, the modified electrode is able to simultaneously detect ascorbic acid (AA), uric acid (UA), dopamine (DA), and nitrite (NO2-), with high anodic oxidation currents and well-separated voltammetric peaks, in differential pulse voltammetry measurements. The detection limits for the four analytes are 41 nM (AA), 30 nM (DA), 11 nM (UA), and 18 nM (NO2-), respectively. The electrode can either detect single species separately or simultaneously determine specific concentrations of the four species in aqueous mixtures, and this can be further extended for many other electrochemical sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Hao Su
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan
University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Liang Sun
- Department
of Chemical and Materials Engineering and Biosensor Group, Biomedical Engineering
Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Department
of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Linkou
Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chih Liao
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan
University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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Monyoncho EA, Ntais S, Brazeau N, Wu JJ, Sun CL, Baranova EA. Inside Cover: Role of the Metal-Oxide Support in the Catalytic Activity of Pd Nanoparticles for Ethanol Electrooxidation in Alkaline Media (ChemElectroChem 2/2016). ChemElectroChem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201600015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Evans Angwenyi Monyoncho
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation (CCRI); University of Ottawa, 161; Louis-Pasteur St. Ottawa ON K1N 6N5 Canada
| | - Spyridon Ntais
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation (CCRI); University of Ottawa, 161; Louis-Pasteur St. Ottawa ON K1N 6N5 Canada
| | - Nicolas Brazeau
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation (CCRI); University of Ottawa, 161; Louis-Pasteur St. Ottawa ON K1N 6N5 Canada
| | - Jhing-Jhou Wu
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering; Chang Gung University; Tao-Yuan 333 Taiwan
| | - Chia-Liang Sun
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering; Chang Gung University; Tao-Yuan 333 Taiwan
| | - Elena A. Baranova
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation (CCRI); University of Ottawa, 161; Louis-Pasteur St. Ottawa ON K1N 6N5 Canada
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Monyoncho EA, Ntais S, Brazeau N, Wu JJ, Sun CL, Baranova EA. Role of the Metal-Oxide Support in the Catalytic Activity of Pd Nanoparticles for Ethanol Electrooxidation in Alkaline Media. ChemElectroChem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201500432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Evans Angwenyi Monyoncho
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation (CCRI); University of Ottawa, 161; Louis-Pasteur St. Ottawa ON K1N 6N5 Canada
| | - Spyridon Ntais
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation (CCRI); University of Ottawa, 161; Louis-Pasteur St. Ottawa ON K1N 6N5 Canada
| | - Nicolas Brazeau
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation (CCRI); University of Ottawa, 161; Louis-Pasteur St. Ottawa ON K1N 6N5 Canada
| | - Jhing-Jhou Wu
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering; Chang Gung University; Tao-Yuan 333 Taiwan
| | - Chia-Liang Sun
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering; Chang Gung University; Tao-Yuan 333 Taiwan
| | - Elena A. Baranova
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation (CCRI); University of Ottawa, 161; Louis-Pasteur St. Ottawa ON K1N 6N5 Canada
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Zhang R, Sun CL, Lu YJ, Chen W. Graphene Nanoribbon-Supported PtPd Concave Nanocubes for Electrochemical Detection of TNT with High Sensitivity and Selectivity. Anal Chem 2015; 87:12262-9. [PMID: 26568380 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b03390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
In this work, PtPd concave nanocubes anchored on graphene nanoribbons (PtPd-rGONRs) were successfully fabricated through a hydrothermal process. The structural characterizations confirmed that PtPd concave cubes with an average size of around 11 nm have been successfully synthesized and they are uniformly assembled on the surface of rGONRs. The electrochemical measurements demonstrated that the PtPd-rGONRs composite-modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) shows much enhanced current signals for TNT reduction, which is 4 and 12-fold higher than rGONRs and bare glassy carbon electrode, respectively. The PtPd-rGONRs exhibited a wide linear range for TNT detection from 0.01 to 3 ppm with the sensing limit of 0.8 ppb. Moreover, the PtPd-rGONRs showed excellent detection stability for the determination of TNT. Most importantly, the PtPd-rGONRs-based electrochemical detection platform can be successfully applied to TNT detection in tap water and real lake water samples. The present study indicates that graphene nanoribbon-supported nanocrystals are promising in designing high performance electrochemical sensors for explosives detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruizhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022, Jilin, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100039, China
| | | | - Yu-Jen Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital , No. 5, Fu-Shing Road, Guishan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022, Jilin, China
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Sun CL, Su CH, Wu JJ. Synthesis of short graphene oxide nanoribbons for improved biomarker detection of Parkinson's disease. Biosens Bioelectron 2015; 67:327-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2014.08.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Revised: 08/16/2014] [Accepted: 08/20/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Lin CW, Wei KC, Liao SS, Huang CY, Sun CL, Wu PJ, Lu YJ, Yang HW, Ma CCM. A reusable magnetic graphene oxide-modified biosensor for vascular endothelial growth factor detection in cancer diagnosis. Biosens Bioelectron 2015; 67:431-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2014.08.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Revised: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 08/27/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Sun CL, Tang JS, Brazeau N, Wu JJ, Ntais S, Yin CW, Chou HL, Baranova EA. Particle size effects of sulfonated graphene supported Pt nanoparticles on ethanol electrooxidation. Electrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2014.12.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Sun CL, Su JS, Tang JH, Lin MC, Wu JJ, Pu NW, Shi GN, Ger MD. Investigation of the adsorption of size-selected Pt colloidal nanoparticles on high-surface-area graphene powders for methanol oxidation reaction. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2013.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Wang CH, Wu CH, Wu JW, Lee MT, Chang JK, Ger MD, Sun CL. The effects of ionic liquid on the electrochemical sensing performance of graphene- and carbon nanotube-based electrodes. Analyst 2014; 138:576-82. [PMID: 23172364 DOI: 10.1039/c2an36263e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The electrochemical sensing properties of graphene-based and carbon nanotube (CNT)-based electrodes towards ascorbic acid, dopamine, uric acid, and glucose are systematically compared. Nano-sized Pd catalyst particles are uniformly dispersed on both carbon supports using a supercritical fluid deposition technique to increase the sensing performance. The CNT/Pd electrode shows higher detection current than that of the graphene/Pd electrode, which is attributed to the three-dimensional architecture interwoven by the CNTs that creates a larger number of reaction sites. With the incorporation of ionic liquid (IL), the detection sensitivity of the IL/graphene/Pd electrode significantly increases, becoming noticeably higher than that of the IL/CNT/Pd counterpart. The synergistic interactions between graphene and IL that lead to the superior sensing performance are demonstrated and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chueh-Han Wang
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, 300 Jhongda Road, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan
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Yeh MH, Lin LY, Su JS, Leu YA, Vittal R, Sun CL, Ho KC. Nanocomposite Graphene/Pt Electrocatalyst as Economical Counter Electrode for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. ChemElectroChem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201300081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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21
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Sun CL, Pao CW, Tsai HM, Chiou JW, Ray SC, Wang HW, Hayashi M, Chen LC, Lin HJ, Lee JF, Chang L, Tsai MH, Chen KH, Pong WF. Atomistic nucleation sites of Pt nanoparticles on N-doped carbon nanotubes. Nanoscale 2013; 5:6812-6818. [PMID: 23765234 DOI: 10.1039/c3nr01234d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The atomistic nucleation sites of Pt nanoparticles (Pt NPs) on N-doped carbon nanotubes (N-CNTs) were investigated using C and N K-edge and Pt L3-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES)/extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy. Transmission electron microscopy and XANES/EXAFS results revealed that the self-organized Pt NPs on N-CNTs are uniformly distributed because of the relatively high binding energies of the adsorbed Pt atoms at the imperfect sites. During the atomistic nucleation process of Pt NPs on N-CNTs, stable Pt-C and Pt-N bonds are presumably formed, and charge transfer occurs at the surface/interface of the N-CNTs. The findings in this study were consistent with density functional theory calculations performed using cluster models for the undoped, substitutional-N-doped and pyridine-like-N-doped CNTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Liang Sun
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan.
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Sun CL, Yeh SZ, Chang YJ, Chang HY, Chu SL. Reproductive biology of female bigeye tuna Thunnus obesus in the western Pacific Ocean. J Fish Biol 2013; 83:250-271. [PMID: 23902305 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.12161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2013] [Accepted: 04/26/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The reproductive biology of female bigeye tuna Thunnus obesus was assessed by examining 888 fish (ranging from 84·9 to 174·4 cm fork length, LF ) caught by Taiwanese offshore longliners in the western Pacific Ocean from November 1997 to November 1998 and November to December 1999 and 258 gonad samples from these fish. The overall sex ratio of the catch during the sampling differed significantly from 0·5, but males were predominant in sizes >140 cm LF . Reproductive activity (assessed by histology), a gonado-somatic index, and the size-frequency distributions of whole oocytes indicated that spawning occurred throughout the year and the major spawning season appeared to be from February to September. The estimated sizes at 50% maturity (LF50 ) of females was 102·85 cm (95% c.i.: 90·79-110·21 cm) and the smallest mature female was 99·7 cm LF . They are multiple spawners and oocytes develop asynchronously. The proportion of mature (0·63) and reproductively active (0·70) females with ovaries containing postovulatory follicles indicated that they spawn almost daily. Batch fecundity for 15 females with the most advanced oocytes (>730 µm) ranged from 0·84 to 8·56 million eggs (mean ± s.d. = 3·06 ± 2·09). The relationships between batch fecundity (FB , in millions of eggs) and LF (cm) and round mass (MR , kg) were FB=9·91×10-14LF6·38 (r(2) = 0·84) and FB=8·89×10-4MR2·05 (r(2) = 0·80), respectively. The parameters estimated in this study are key information for stock assessments of T. obesus in the western Pacific Ocean and will contribute to the conservation and sustainable yield of this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- C L Sun
- Institute of Oceanography, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
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Sun CL, Cheng WL, Hsu TK, Chang CW, Chang JL, Zen JM. Ultrasensitive and highly stable nonenzymatic glucose sensor by a CuO/graphene-modified screen-printed carbon electrode integrated with flow-injection analysis. Electrochem commun 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2013.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifeng Wang
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering; University of Michigan; Ann Arbor; MI; 48109
| | - Ralph T. Yang
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering; University of Michigan; Ann Arbor; MI; 48109
| | - Chia-Liang Sun
- Dept. of Chemical and Materials Engineering; Chang Gung University; Kwei-Shan; Tao-Yuan 333; Taiwan
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Chen J, Sun CL, Chen Z, Xiao HJ, Qi T, Li XM, Tao X, Zhang B. Separation, culture and identification of SD rat corpus cavernosal endothelial cells. Andrologia 2012; 44:250-5. [PMID: 22300279 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0272.2012.01274.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study is to investigate the methods of separation, culture and identification of Sprague Dawley (SD) rat corpus cavernosal vascular endothelial cells (CCECs). Cavernosal tissues were isolated from male SD rats. Enzymatic digestion was applied to separate CCECs. Purified cells were obtained using immunomagnetic beads and flow cytometric cell sorting and subcultured in EMG-2 medium. The growth curve of CCECs was measured by the tetrazolium salt 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. The cells were identified by von Willebrand factor (vWF) using immunofluorescence, and the positive percentage of vWF expression was detected by flow cytometry. The monomorphic cobblestone-like cells were observed by microscopy. High purification was obtained using immunomagnetic beads. After 2 days of incubation, cells entered the logarithmic growth phase and reached a plateau on the fifth day. The vWF expression in cytoplasm was positive. The purity of cells was 95.8%, which was tested by flow cytometry. SD rat CCECs can be separated and cultured successfully by the method of enzymatic digestion, immunomagnetic beads and flow cytometric cell sorting.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Chen
- Department of Infertility and Sexual Medicine, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Sun CL, Chang CT, Lee HH, Zhou J, Wang J, Sham TK, Pong WF. Microwave-assisted synthesis of a core-shell MWCNT/GONR heterostructure for the electrochemical detection of ascorbic acid, dopamine, and uric acid. ACS Nano 2011; 5:7788-95. [PMID: 21910421 DOI: 10.1021/nn2015908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, graphene oxide nanoribbons (GONRs) were synthesized from the facile unzipping of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with the help of microwave energy. A core-shell MWCNT/GONR-modified glassy carbon (MWCNT/GONR/GC) electrode was used to electrochemically detect ascorbic acid (AA), dopamine (DA), and uric acid (UA). In cyclic voltammograms, the MWCNT/GONR/GC electrode was found to outperform the MWCNT- and graphene-modified GC electrodes in terms of peak current. For the simultaneous sensing of three analytes, well-separated voltammetric peaks were obtained using a MWCNT/GONR/GC electrode in differential pulse voltammetry measurements. The corresponding peak separations were 229.9 mV (AA to DA), 126.7 mV (DA to UA), and 356.6 mV (AA to UA). This excellent electrochemical performance can be attributed to the unique electronic structure of MWCNTs/GONRs: a high density of unoccupied electronic states above the Fermi level and enriched oxygen-based functionality at the edge of the graphene-like structures, as revealed by X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy, obtained using scanning transmission X-ray microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Liang Sun
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan.
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27
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Lam KH, Sun CL, Kwok KW, Chan HLW. Piezoelectric dispenser based on a piezoelectric-metal-cavity actuator. Rev Sci Instrum 2009; 80:075110. [PMID: 19655984 DOI: 10.1063/1.3187220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A piezoelectric dispenser has been fabricated based on the idea of a piezoelectric-metal-cavity (PMC) actuator. The PMC actuator consists of a metal ring sandwiched between two identical piezoelectric unimorphs. The radial contraction of the piezoelectric ceramic is converted into a flextensional motion of the unimorph, causing a large flexural displacement in the center part of the actuator. With the PMC actuator as a fluid chamber, the large flexural actuation can be used to produce the displacement needed to eject fluid. By applying an appropriate voltage to the piezoelectric unimorphs, a drop-on-demand ejection of ink or water can be achieved. The efficiency of fluid ejection can be enhanced after installing a valve in the fluid chamber. With the simple PMC structure, the dispenser can be operated with a low driving voltage of 12-15 V.
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Affiliation(s)
- K H Lam
- Department of Applied Physics and Materials Research Centre, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hunghom, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
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Yang M, Sun Y, Xu AH, Lu XY, Du HZ, Sun CL, Li C. Catalytic wet air oxidation of coke-plant wastewater on ruthenium-based eggshell catalysts in a bubbling bed reactor. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2007; 79:66-70. [PMID: 17593307 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-007-9150-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2007] [Accepted: 03/19/2007] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic wet air of coke-plant wastewater was studied in a bubbling bed reactor. Two types of supported Ru-based catalysts, eggshell and uniform catalysts, were employed. Compared with the results in the wet air oxidation of coke-plant wastewater, supported Ru uniform catalysts showed high activity for chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonia/ammonium compounds (NH3-N) removal at temperature of 250 degrees C and pressure of 4.8 MPa, and it has been demonstrated that the catalytic activity of uniform catalyst depended strongly on the distribution of active sites of Ru on catalyst. Compared to the corresponding uniform catalysts with the same Ru loading (0.25 wt.% and 0.1 wt.%, respectively), the eggshell catalysts showed higher activities for CODcr removal and much higher activities for NH3-N degradation. The high activity of eggshell catalyst for treatment of coke-plant wastewater can be attributed to the higher density of active Ru sites in the shell layer than that of the corresponding uniform catalyst with the same Ru loading. It has been also evidenced that the active Ru sites in the internal core of uniform catalyst have very little or no contribution to CODcr and NH3-N removal in the total oxidation of coke-plant wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
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Abstract
In this article, a multilayer piezoelectric transformer based on lead-free Mn-doped 0.94(Bi(12)Na(12))TiO(3)-0.06BaTiO(3) ceramics is presented. This piezoelectric transformer, with a multilayered construction in the thickness direction, is 8.3 mm long, 8.3 mm wide, and 2.3 mm thick. It operates in the second thickness extensional vibration mode. For a temperature rise of 20 degrees C, the transformer has an output power of >0.3 W. With a matching load resistance of 10 Omega, its maximum efficiency approaches 81.5%, and the maximum voltage gain is 0.14. It has potential to be used in low voltage power supply units such as low power adapter and other electronic circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingsen Guo
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hunghom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
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Abstract
We present the N-doping induced atomic-scale structural deformation in N-doped carbon nanotubes by using density functional theory calculations. For substitutional N-doped nanotube clusters, the N dopant with an excess electron lone pair exhibits the high negative charge, and the homogeneously distributed dopants enlarge the tube diameter in both zigzag and armchair cases. On the other hand, in pyridine-like N-doped ones, the concentrated N atoms result in a positively curved graphene layer and, thus, can be responsible for tube wall roughness and the formation of interlinked structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Liang Sun
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
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Fang WC, Sun CL, Huang JH, Chen LC, Chyan O, Chen KH, Papakonstantinou P. Enhanced Electrochemical Properties of Arrayed CN[sub x] Nanotubes Directly Grown on Ti-Buffered Silicon Substrates. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1149/1.2166507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Lee J, Lee EN, Kim EY, Lee HJ, Park HJ, Sun CL, Lee SK, Joh JW, Lee KW, Kwon GY, Kim SJ. 4-1BB promotes long-term survival in skin allografts treated with anti-CD45RB and anti-CD40L monoclonal antibodies. Transplant Proc 2005; 37:123-5. [PMID: 15808569 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2005.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
4-1BB (CD137) is a T-cell co-stimulatory molecule that promotes T cell activation. Using a skin transplantation model, we observed that simultaneous administration of monoclonal antibodies (mAb) targeting CD45RB and CD40L prolonged skin allograft in co-stimulation blockade (CTLA4-Ig and anti-CD40L mAb)-resistant mice, because of reducing CD8(+) T cells and CD4(+) CD45RB(high) T cells. Anti-CD45RB mAb (45RB) blocks the activation of T helper 1 (Th1) cells and generates regulatory T cells (T(reg)). The experimental design included five groups: group 1, control; group 2, 45RB-MR1; group 3, 45B-MR1 + 4-IBBL; group 4, anti-CD4 mAb plus group 3 treatment; group 5, anti-CD8 mAb plus group 3 treatment. In this study we highlight the involvement of 4-1BB/4-1BBL in the development of T-cell responses. C57BL/6 recipients of BALB/c skin grafts were treated with 45RB, anti-CD40L mAb (MR1), and antagonistic anti-4-1BBL mAb (4-1BBL) on days 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 posttransplantation. Additional 4-1BBL further prolonged skin graft survival, although the percentage of splenocyte-derived CD8(+) T cells was reduced similarly in both groups. Use of 4-1BBL seems to have additive effects on T(reg) cells, which play a major role in the maintenance of tolerance. Even after immunosuppressive therapy in combination with CD4(+) T-cell depletion, we did not achieve prolonged graft survival, possibly because of the absense of T(reg) cells, which require CD4-independent CD8(+) T cells, based on the observation of increasing proportion of CD8(+) T cells in similar degree as the control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lee
- Transplantation Research Center, Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, 135-710
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Affiliation(s)
- S X Liu
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, The Chinese Academy of Science, Dalian, People's Republic of China
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Abstract
In this letter, we show that decomposition methods with alpha seeding are extremely useful for solving a sequence of linear support vector machines (SVMs) with more data than attributes. This strategy is motivated by Keerthi and Lin (2003), who proved that for an SVM with data not linearly separable, after C is large enough, the dual solutions have the same free and bounded components. We explain why a direct use of decomposition methods for linear SVMs is sometimes very slow and then analyze why alpha seeding is much more effective for linear than nonlinear SVMs. We also conduct comparisons with other methods that are efficient for linear SVMs and demonstrate the effectiveness of alpha seeding techniques in model selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chun Kao
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Min Chung
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Liang Sun
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Jen Lin
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
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Abstract
An important approach for efficient support vector machine (SVM) model selection is to use differentiable bounds of the leave-one-out (loo) error. Past efforts focused on finding tight bounds of loo (e.g., radius margin bounds, span bounds). However, their practical viability is still not very satisfactory. Duan, Keerthi, and Poo (2003) showed that radius margin bound gives good prediction for L2-SVM, one of the cases we look at. In this letter, through analyses about why this bound performs well for L2-SVM, we show that finding a bound whose minima are in a region with small loo values may be more important than its tightness. Based on this principle, we propose modified radius margin bounds for L1-SVM (the other case) where the original bound is applicable only to the hard-margin case. Our modification for L1-SVM achieves comparable performance to L2-SVM. To study whether L1- or L2-SVM should be used, we analyze other properties, such as their differentiability, number of support vectors, and number of free support vectors. In this aspect, L1-SVM possesses the advantage of having fewer support vectors. Their implementations are also different, so we discuss related issues in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Min Chung
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
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Abstract
Inhibition of caspase-3-mediated apoptosis has been hypothesized to be associated with chemoresistance. Investigations of apoptosis revealed that cytosolic cytochrome c is associated with a complex of apoptotic protease activating factor-1 (Apaf-1), an adapter molecule, and caspase-9 to activate caspase-3. However, whether these apoptotic molecules are involved in acquired cisplatin resistance is not understood. The present work shows reduced activation of caspase-3 and apoptosis in a cisplatin-selected HeLa cell line. Ac-DEVD-CHO, a caspase-3 inhibitor, inhibited cisplatin-induced apoptosis about 60-70% in both cell lines. Ac-LEHD-CHO, a caspase-9 inhibitor or Ac-IETD-CHO, a caspase-8 inhibitor, inhibited cisplatin-induced caspase-3 activation and apoptosis similarly in both cell lines. In addition, cisplatin induced the activation of caspase-9, the upstream activator of caspase-3, in a dose-dependent manner, and the activation of caspase-9 was less induced in resistant cells. The accumulation of cytosolic cytochrome c, an activator of caspase-9, and the induction of the mitochondrial membrane-associated voltage-dependent anion channel were also reduced in cisplatin-resistant cells. However, the concentration of Bcl-2 family proteins in cisplatin-resistant cells was normal. The concentration of Apaf-1 was unaltered in both cell lines. Increasing the cellular concentration of Apaf-1 through the transient expression of the gene increased the induction of apoptosis in resistant cells, associated with enhanced activation of caspase-9, caspase-3 and DNA fragmentation factor. Regression analysis reveals that the modification factor, the ratio of the slope in the linear range of the dose-response curve with Apaf-1 to the slope without Apaf-1, is 1.5 and 4.75 in the HeLa and cisplatin-resistant HeLa cells, respectively. These results indicate that apoptosis and caspases are less induced in cisplatin-selected HeLa cells. They also suggest that ectopic overexpression of Apaf-1 may partially reverse the acquired cisplatin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Kamarajan
- Tumor Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33332, Taiwan, ROC
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Mark HF, Brown S, Sun CL, Samy M, Afify A. Fluorescent in situ hybridization detection of HER-2/neu gene amplification in rhabdomyosarcoma. Pathobiology 2000; 66:59-63. [PMID: 9645628 DOI: 10.1159/000027997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common malignant soft-tissue tumor in childhood, comprising 45-50% of childhood sarcomas. Cytogenetic studies of this tumor are rare. In view of the paucity of cytogenetic data on this cancer and based on the finding of HER-2/neu gene amplification in a number of cancers that was detected mostly using the traditional technique of immunohistochemistry, we decided to conduct a pilot study to investigate whether HER-2/neu gene amplification in this tumor can be detected using the newer technique of fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). Archival tissues of rhabdomyosarcoma were retrieved and FISH using an HER-2/neu probe was undertaken on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sections using a protocol optimized for our laboratory at Rhode Island Hospital. Out of 9 cases of rhabdomyosarcoma studied to date, 1 case clearly showed HER-2/neu gene amplification. Thus, FISH is a sensitive technique suitable for the detection of oncogene amplification and the delineation of tumor heterogeneity in this tumor. Future experiments utilizing additional specimens from our centers as well as from other laboratories will be needed to extend the finding in the present pilot study.
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Affiliation(s)
- H F Mark
- Lifespan Academic Medical Center, Department of Pathology, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence 02903, USA
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Mark HF, Feldman D, Das S, Samy M, Sun CL, Mark S. Assessment of chromosomal trisomies in prostate cancer using fluorescent in situ hybridization. Exp Mol Pathol 1999; 67:109-17. [PMID: 10527762 DOI: 10.1006/exmp.1999.2262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In a previous study, we observed a low frequency of HER-2/neu oncogene amplification in prostate cancer using fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). In our continued effort to identify prognostic biomarkers in prostate cancer, we analyzed 74 cases of prostate cancer to assess the presence of chromosomal trisomies in this cohort of patients. Previous results from this laboratory have implicated a role of chromosomal trisomies in various cancers. FISH using a chromosome 7 and a chromosome 8 centromere probe was utilized to study abnormal chromosome copy numbers together with data from a chromosome 17 control. The frequency of trisomy 7 was found to be 58.1% (43 of 74 informative cases), while the frequency of trisomy 8 was found to be 9.5% (7 of 74 informative cases). The frequency of cells showing chromosome 17 trisomy was 18.5% (15 of 81 cases successfully studied). While chromosome 8 trisomy did not seem to play as significant a role here as in other cancers that we studied, the results of chromosome 7 trisomy are consistent with those reported in the literature. Further exploration of selected trisomies as biomarkers in prostate cancer using a larger study sample size is warranted to establish their clinical utilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- H F Mark
- Department of Pathology, Rhode Island Hospital and Brown University School of Medicine, Providence 02903, Rhode Island
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Mark HF, Feldman D, Das S, Sun CL, Samy M, Lathrop J. HER-2/neu oncogene amplification in cervical cancer studied by fluorescent in situ hybridization. Genet Test 1999; 3:237-42. [PMID: 10464675 DOI: 10.1089/gte.1999.3.237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Oncogene amplification, such as HER-2/neu (C-erbB-2), is a manifestation of genetic instability often associated with the genesis and progression of cancer, including cervical cancer. Oncogene overexpression is traditionally studied using immunohistochemistry. We previously reported studies of oncogene amplification in breast cancer using fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), where the data support the hypothesis that HER-2/neu is a prognostic marker of poor outcome. To explore further the possible significance of HER-2/neu oncogene amplification in cervical cancer, we conducted a pilot study of 24 cervical cancer cases. The HER-2/neu FISH probe (Vysis, Inc., Downers Grove, IL) was used to measure gene amplification, with a chromosome 17 centromeric probe as an internal control. Out of 24 cases studied, 23 were informative. Of the 23 informative cases, 2 (8.7%) were found to be amplified. The rest (21 out of 23 or 91.3%) were nonamplified. Both amplified cases were invasive adenocarcinoma. Although the sample size of this pilot study may be somewhat small, the data obtained so far clearly demonstrated that detection of oncogene amplification in cervical cancer is not only feasible but is very sensitive, and suggest that further exploration using a larger sample size may be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- H F Mark
- Lifespan Academic Medical Center Cytogenetics Laboratory, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, USA
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Mark HF, Feldman D, Das S, Kye H, Mark S, Sun CL, Samy M. Fluorescence in situ hybridization study of HER-2/neu oncogene amplification in prostate cancer. Exp Mol Pathol 1999; 66:170-8. [PMID: 10409446 DOI: 10.1006/exmp.1999.2242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is a serious disease affecting men worldwide and treatment compromises the quality of life of prostate cancer patients. We conducted a study of 88 cases of prostate cancer in an attempt to identify prognostic biomarkers that can distinguish aggressive cases that must be treated immediately. HER-2/neu oncogene amplification was initially studied because amplification of this gene has been reported in many other cancers, including those studied in this laboratory. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using a HER-2/neu gene probe with a chromosome 17 centromere control probe was performed on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues. Of a total of 86 cases successfully analyzed, only 8 (9.3%) were found to be amplified. This frequency was lower than the frequency of amplification found in other cancers studied. Furthermore, no case was found where the level of amplification can be considered high. Only one case was found to have moderate amplification. The rest of the positive cases can all be classified as low amplification. Thus, while we have demonstrated that FISH is a sensitive technique for detecting oncogene amplification, the frequency and level of HER-2/neu amplification detected in prostate cancer seem to be lower than those in most cancers that we studied. In view of the fact that HER-2/neu amplification does not seem to play as significant a role, exploration of other biomarkers in prostate cancer is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- H F Mark
- Lifespan Academic Medical Center Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Rhode Island Hospital and Brown University School of Medicine, Providence, Rhode Island, 02903, USA
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Mark HF, Aswad B, Bassily N, Taylor W, Brown S, Sun CL, Samy M, Zolnierz K, Wong E, Bland KI, Hsu PH. HER-2/neu gene amplification in stages I-IV breast cancer detected by fluorescent in situ hybridization. Genet Med 1999; 1:98-103. [PMID: 11336460 DOI: 10.1097/00125817-199903000-00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Approximately 25-30% of breast and ovarian carcinomas have amplification of the HER-2/neu oncogene. The aim of the present study was to focus on HER-2/neu gene amplification in different clinical stages of breast cancer in order to (1) determine if fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) can be used to detect HER-2/neu gene amplification in different clinical stages of breast cancer, (2) establish whether HER-2/neu gene amplification characterizes a subset of breast cancer in each of these stages, and (3) determine whether a trend for correlation of amplification with the clinical stage of the disease can be detected using the FISH technology. METHODS A total of 40 specimens of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded breast cancer tissues were analyzed cytogenetically, in a blinded fashion, for HER-2/neu gene amplification using FISH and the Vysis LSI HER-2/neu Orange and CEP 17 Green DNA dual color probe. The criterion for "high amplification" was an amplification ratio of >4.0, that for "moderate amplification" a ratio between 2.1 and 4.0, and that for "low amplification" a ratio of 1.5-2.0. RESULTS Using a cutoff point of > or =1.5, the overall frequency of HER-2/neu gene amplification among stage I tumors was 30% (3 out of 10). Of these, one-third (1 out of 3) showed low amplification, one-third (1 out of 3) were moderately amplified, and one-third (1 out of 3) were highly amplified. The overall frequency of HER-2/neu gene amplification among stage II tumors was 0% (0 out of 10). The overall frequency of HER-2/neu gene amplification among stage III tumors was 10% (1 out of 10). The sole tumor found positive was classified as moderately amplified by our criteria. The overall frequency of HER-2/neu gene amplification among stage IV tumors was 50% (5 out of 10). Four of the 5 tumors found positive were highly amplified. The overall frequency of gene amplification in the 40 cases studied was 22.5% (9 out of 40 tumors studied). CONCLUSION Although a linear correlation between HER-2/neu amplification and clinical stage cannot be established at this time, it is interesting to note that when stages I and II, and when stages III and IV are combined, respectively, the latter category has a higher amplification frequency than the former. Furthermore, stage IV has the highest frequency (5 out of 10) of HER-2/neu gene amplification than all three lower stages combined (4 out of 30). This is no doubt due to the high frequency of gene amplification observed in stage IV tumors, which, interestingly, also demonstrate high level amplification of HER-2/neu gene copy numbers. Although the biologic and clinical basis for gene amplification is not clear, given the observation that the most aggressive disease stage is associated with the highest frequency of gene amplification and the most high level amplification, further exploration of HER-2/neu as a prognostic marker of poor outcome using FISH is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- H F Mark
- Lifespan Academic Medical Center Cytogenetics Laboratory, Rhode Island Hospital, Brown University School of Medicine, Providence 02903, USA
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Mark HF, Brown S, Taylor W, Bassily N, Sun CL, Samy M, Bland KI. Study of chromosome 12 copy number in breast cancer using fluorescence in situ hybridization. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1999; 108:26-31. [PMID: 9973920 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-4608(98)00104-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Trisomy 12 is the most frequent numerical chromosomal abnormality reported in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Its significance in other cancers, however, has not been extensively investigated until recently. Less than 20 cases of polysomy for chromosome 12 have been studied thus far. The most recent data in the literature suggest that gain of chromosome 12 may be a recurrent and sometimes early event in breast carcinogenesis. To test the hypothesis that a subset of breast cancer may be characterized by chromosome 12 trisomy, we conducted a retrospective study of 40 specimens. Of these, ten were stage I, ten were stage II, ten were stage III, and ten were stage IV. Out of the total sample, 12 cases (30%) were found to be presumably trisomic, if a conservative cutoff point of greater than or equal to 15% cells with three signals is adopted. Furthermore, some, but not all, of the 12 cases were found to be likely triploid, when data from a control chromosome 17 probe were taken into account. Thus, our data support the hypothesis that a subset of breast cancer exists which is characterized by an abnormal copy of chromosome 12, in either a diploid or a triploid background.
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Affiliation(s)
- H F Mark
- Lifespan Academic Medical Center Cytogenetics Laboratory, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence 02903, USA
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Mark HF, Taylor W, Brown S, Samy M, Sun CL, Santoro K, Bland KI. Abnormal chromosome 8 copy number in stage I to stage IV breast cancer studied by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1999; 108:1-5. [PMID: 9973916 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-4608(98)00112-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
To test the hypothesis that the frequency of abnormal chromosome 8 copy number increases with the severity of the disease as defined by an increase in clinical stage, we conducted a fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) study of a sample of 42 breast cancer specimens utilizing a protocol that was optimized by our laboratory. Cytogenetic results, obtained from blinded analyses of archival specimens, demonstrated that the higher clinical stages (i.e., stages III and IV) yield higher frequencies of abnormal chromosome 8 copy number. Specifically, 45.45% and 50% of the stage I and stage II cases, respectively, were abnormal, whereas 63.64% and 60% of the stage III and stage IV cases, respectively, were abnormal for chromosome 8 copy number. The overall frequency of abnormal chromosome 8 copy number was 54.76% (23 of 42 tumors studied). When the results of a control probe were taken into account, 34.78% (8 of 23) of the abnormal cases were trisomic, whereas the remaining cases were likely triploid. Thus, the present data not only established that chromosome 8 trisomy is a recurrent finding in breast cancer, but also confirmed a higher frequency of occurrence of abnormal chromosome 8 copy number with the higher clinical stages. Future experiments utilizing additional specimens in this laboratory and from other laboratories are necessary to confirm and extend the findings of the present study.
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Affiliation(s)
- H F Mark
- Lifespan Academic Medical Center Cytogenetics Laboratory, Providence, USA
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Wang AJ, Yang YZ, Wu YM, Xie H, Hu MX, Gao N, Hong J, Sun CL. [Effect of intrahippocampal microinjection of enkephalin on cellular immune function and brain IL-1 alpha gene expression in rat]. Sheng Li Xue Bao 1996; 48:348-54. [PMID: 9389197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The effect of intrahippocampal microinjection of enkephalin on cellular immune function and hippocampal IL-1 alpha gene expression was studied in rats. The results showed that: (1) The proliferation activity of splenic lymphocytes stimulated by Con A was significantly increased with microinjection of Leu-enkephalin 1 microliter (18 mmol/L) or Met-enkephalin 1 microliter (18 mmol/L) into bilateral hippocampus, but was inhibited by Lipopolysaccharide 1 microliter (50 ng/microliter). The proliferative response of splenic lymphocytes to Leu-enkephalin still persisted after bilateral adrenalectomy. Low doses of Leu- or Met-enkephalin (10(-10), 10(-11) mol/L) were also capable of causing proliferative activity of the Con A- stimulated cultured splenic lymphocytes in vitro. (2) Using RT-PCR technique, IL-1 alpha gene expression was detected in hippocampus 90 min after bilateral intrahippocampal injection of LPS. The LPS-induced IL-1 alpha gene expression in hippocampus could no longer be detected 30 min after microinjection of Met- or Leu-enkephalin into hippocampus. The above results suggested that intrahippocampal enkephalin might play an important role in neuro-immunomodulation by enhancing the inhibition of IL-1 alpha gene expression in hippocampal formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Wang
- Research Center of Experimental Medicine, Tongji Medical University, Wuhan
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Wang AJ, Hu MX, Xie H, Fan YZ, Sun CL, Ru LQ, Lin CY. [Improvement of memory function of fornix-fimbria transected rats by transplantation of the superior cervical ganglion into hippocampus]. Sheng Li Xue Bao 1994; 46:90-4. [PMID: 8085175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Memory impairments of passive avoidance response were observed in 38 Wistar rats with bilateral fornix-fimbria transection. After fornix-fimbria lesions the degree of performance decreased from 65.3% to 13.6% (P < 0.01). Autotransplantation of superior cervical ganglion (SCG) into bilateral dorsal hippocampi improved memory function to a considerable extent. In the end of the behavioral experiments, implanted rats were sacrificed for histofluorescence study of grafts and measurement of norepinephrine (NA) content in the hippocampus. These experiments showed that the hippocampal NA content in implanted rats was considerably higher than that in untransplanted fornix-fimbria transected rats and consequently suggested that improvement of memory function was to some extent due to supplement of monoamine transmitter by the transplanted SCG.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Wang
- Research Center of Experimental Medicine, Tongji Medical University, Wuhan
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Hui FW, Sun CL, Hanig JP. Opiate mixed agonist-antagonist interactions with histamine antagonists vs. morphine. Neurobehav Toxicol Teratol 1985; 7:443-7. [PMID: 4080063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Anecdotal reports of polydrug abuse in humans using tripelennamine and pentazocine prompted our investigation of drug interactions between tripelennamine, morphine and various synthetic mixed agonist-antagonists in mice. Pentazocine, nalbuphene and butorphanol, at doses of 4.0-8.0 mg/kg, all showed frank or borderline intrinsic antinociceptive activity and potentiated the tripelennamine response, whereas cyclazocine, an experimental compound with very strong mixed agonist-antagonist qualities at 5.0 mg/kg, showed intrinsic antinociceptive activity but was not potentiated by tripelennamine and actually blocked the tripelennamine response. In a comparative study, pentazocine, butorphanol and nalbuphene had no effect on morphine antinociception whereas cyclazocine completely abolished the antinociceptive effects of morphine. Cimetidine blocked the response of cyclazocine, but not nalbuphene, pentazocine or butorphanol. Our findings demonstrate that the mechanism of action of cyclazocine is significantly different from that of the other mixed agonist-antagonists studied. They also suggest possible histaminergic involvement in antinociception, as well as a locus for antinociception separate from the opiate receptor.
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Sun CL, Huo XC. [Management of the respiratory tract after brain injury]. Zhonghua Hu Li Za Zhi 1985; 20:148-9. [PMID: 3849354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Abstract
Antinociception was assessed in male CD-1 mice by a modification of Haffner's tail-clamp procedure. The H1 blockers, including an ethylenediamine (pyrilamine), an ethanolamine (diphenhydramine), a phenothiazine (methdilazine), a piperazine (cyclizine) and an alkylamine (chlorpheniramine), all produced antinociception when given alone to mice and also caused potentiation when combined with morphine.
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Sun CL, Thompson TJ, Hanig JP. The effect of week-long infusion of propranolol, via an osmotic minipump, on blood pressure, heart rate and vascular responses in spontaneously hypertensive rats. J Pharm Pharmacol 1984; 36:401-3. [PMID: 6146674 DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.1984.tb04408.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Propranolol was infused in SHR subcutaneously for 7 days at two concentrations (either 3.75 or 7.5 mg kg-1 day) via a minipump. Mean blood pressure and heart rate measured under pentobarbitone anaesthesia on day 7 after implantation showed a significant dose-dependent decrease in both propranolol-treated groups. In the low-dose propranolol-treated rats, there was no change in contractile responses to phenylephrine over controls. In rats receiving the higher dose of propranolol there was a significant increase in the response to phenylephrine. There was no change in the relaxation response of any of the groups to isoprenaline. The results indicate that propranolol, while lowering blood pressure and heart rate, is also modifying the alpha-receptor response of the vascular wall in the spontaneously hypertensive rat.
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Sun CL, Hanig JP. Alteration of sensitivity of adrenergic vascular responses after prolonged exposure to agonists via osmotic minipump. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1983; 172:440-4. [PMID: 6302712 DOI: 10.3181/00379727-172-41584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A study was performed to determine whether a constant 1-week exposure to either alpha or beta agonists in vivo would allow alteration or manipulation of the responses of rat aortic alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptors. Osmotic minipumps delivering either phenylephrine, isoproterenol, or propranolol for 7 days at a dose of 3.2, 4.2, or 5.2 mg/kg/day, respectively, were implanted in male Holtzman rats under halothane anesthesia. Seven days later, rats were killed and aortic ring preparations were used to measure alpha- and beta-adrenergic responses. In phenylephrine-pretreated rats, alpha-adrenergic responses, as measured by contractions induced by phenylephrine, were markedly reduced (P less than 0.05) across a dose range of 10(-9) to 10(-6) M. In contrast, in these same phenylephrine-pretreated preparations, the beta-adrenergic responses involving isoproterenol-induced relaxation were significantly increased (P less than 0.05) across a dose range of 10(-7) to 10(-5) M. Isoproterenol pretreatment for 7 days resulted in a statistically significant reduction of beta-adrenergic aortic relaxation, whereas the alpha-adrenergic responses to phenylephrine remained unchanged compared with controls. Propranolol pretreatment had no effect on either alpha- or beta-adrenergic responses. These findings indicate that the alpha agonist-induced response after in vivo pretreatment induces reciprocal changes in the functionally related beta-adrenergic apparatus, and also suggest linkage between these two receptors. In contrast, the beta response appears to desensitize or downregulate in response to beta agonist exposure in a manner that seems to be independent of or to operate in the absence of an alteration of the alpha response.
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