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Hansen H, Spilsberg B, Sevatdal S, Sakariassen T, Hahn C, Mohammad SN, Karlsbakk E. Non-lethal detection of Eubothrium crassum (Cestoda) in farmed Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar, using anal swabs and real-time PCR. J Fish Dis 2024; 47:e13918. [PMID: 38235825 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Detection of intestinal parasites in fish typically requires autopsy, resulting in the sacrifice of the fish. Here, we describe a non-lethal method for detecting the tapeworm Eubothrium crassum in fish using anal swabs and real-time PCR detection. Two assays were developed to detect cytochrome oxidase I (COI) mitochondrial DNA and 18S ribosomal DNA sequences of E. crassum, respectively. The assays were tested on swab samples from confirmed pathogen free Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) and on samples from farmed Atlantic salmon, where the presence and intensity of parasites had been established through autopsy. The COI assay was shown to be specific to E. crassum, while the 18S assay also amplified the closely related E. salvelini, a species infecting Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus L.) in freshwater. The COI assay detected E. crassum in all field samples regardless of parasite load while the 18S assay failed to detect the parasite in two samples. The results thus demonstrates that this non-lethal approach can effectively detect E. crassum and can be a valuable tool in assessing the prevalence of infection in farmed salmon, aiding in treatment decisions and evaluating treatment effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Christoph Hahn
- Institute of Biology, Karl-Franzens University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Egil Karlsbakk
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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Hahn C, Göttker-Schnetmann I, Tzourtzouklis I, Wagner M, Müller AHE, Floudas G, Mecking S, Frey H. Nopadiene: A Pinene-Derived Cyclic Diene as a Styrene Substitute for Fully Biobased Thermoplastic Elastomers. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 38048399 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c08130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
The bicyclic 1,2-substituted, 1,3-diene monomer nopadiene (1R,5S)-2-ethenyl-6,6-dimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene was successfully polymerized by anionic and catalytic polymerization. Nopadiene is produced either through a facile one-step synthesis from myrtenal via Wittig-olefination or via a scalable two-step reaction from nopol (10-hydroxymethylene-2-pinene). Both terpenoids originate from the renewable β-pinene. The living anionic polymerization of nopadiene in apolar and polar solvents at 25 °C using organolithium initiators resulted in homopolymers with well-controlled molar masses in the range of 5.6-103.4 kg·mol-1 (SEC, PS calibration) and low dispersities (Đ) between 1.06 and 1.18. By means of catalytic polymerization with Me4CpSi(Me)2NtBuTiCl2 and (Flu)(Pyr)CH2Lu(CH2TMS)2(THF), the 1,4 and 3,4- microstructures of nopadiene are accessible in excellent selectivity. In pronounced contrast to other 1,3-dienes, the rigid polymers of the sterically demanding nopadiene showed an elevated glass temperature, Tg,∞ = 160 °C (in the limit of very high molar mass, Mn). ABA triblock copolymers with a central polymyrcene block and myrcene content of 60-75 mol %, with molar masses of 100-200 kg/mol were prepared by living anionic polymerization of the pinene-derivable monomers nopadiene and myrcene. This diene copolymerization resulted in thermoplastic elastomers displaying nanophase separation at different molar ratios (DSC, SAXS) and an upper service temperature about 30 K higher than that for traditional petroleum-derived styrenic thermoplastic elastomers due to the high glass temperature of polynopadiene. The materials showed good thermal stability at elevated temperatures under nitrogen (TGA), promising tensile strength and ultimate elongation of up to 1600%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Hahn
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Max-Planck Graduate Center, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Inigo Göttker-Schnetmann
- Chair Materials Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | | | - Manfred Wagner
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Axel H E Müller
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - George Floudas
- Department of Physics, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Materials Science and Computing, University Research Center of Ioannina (URCI), 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Stefan Mecking
- Chair Materials Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Holger Frey
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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Leeming SJ, Hahn C, Koblmüller S, McAllister CT, Vanhove MPM, Kmentová N. Amended diagnosis, mitochondrial genome, and phylogenetic position of Sphyranura euryceae (Neodermata, Monogenea, Polystomatidae), a parasite of the Oklahoma salamander. Parasite 2023; 30:27. [PMID: 37409878 DOI: 10.1051/parasite/2023025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Polystomatidae is a monogenean family whose representatives infect mainly (semi)-aquatic tetrapods. Species of Sphyranura Wright, 1879 exhibit ectoparasitism on salamander hosts, with molecular work supporting their inclusion within Polystomatidae, at an early diverging, yet unresolved, position in the clade of otherwise endoparasitic polystomatid parasites of batrachian hosts. Records of representatives of Sphyranura are scarce with genetic data only available for S. oligorchis Alvey, 1933. Based on detailed morphological examination and comparison with type material, we identified worms belonging to Sphyranura infecting Oklahoma salamander (Eurycea tynerensis) as S. euryceae Hughes & Moore, 1943. Along with an amended diagnosis of Sphyranura, we provide the first molecular data for S. euryceae in the form of a mitochondrial genome and nuclear (18S, 28S rRNA) markers. Close morphological similarity between the two species of Sphyranura is reflected in low genetic divergence. Mitochondrial level comparison reveals instances of tRNA gene rearrangements in polystomatids. Although the phylogenetic reconstruction supports Sphyranura as early branching in the lineage of polystomatid monogeneans infecting batrachians, certain nodes remain unresolved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel J Leeming
- Institute of Biology, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 2, A-8010 Graz, Austria - Research Group Zoology: Biodiversity & Toxicology, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Gebouw D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Christoph Hahn
- Institute of Biology, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 2, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Stephan Koblmüller
- Institute of Biology, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 2, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Chris T McAllister
- Science and Mathematics Division, Eastern Oklahoma State College, 2805 NE Lincoln Road, Idabel, Oklahoma 74745, United States
| | - Maarten P M Vanhove
- Research Group Zoology: Biodiversity & Toxicology, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Gebouw D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Nikol Kmentová
- Research Group Zoology: Biodiversity & Toxicology, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Gebouw D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
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Vorel J, Kmentová N, Hahn C, Bureš P, Kašný M. An insight into the functional genomics and species classification of Eudiplozoon nipponicum (Monogenea, Diplozoidae), a haematophagous parasite of the common carp Cyprinus carpio. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:363. [PMID: 37380941 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09461-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Monogenea (Platyhelminthes, Neodermata) are the most species-rich class within the Neodermata superclass of primarily fish parasites. Despite their economic and ecological importance, monogenean research tends to focus on their morphological, phylogenetic, and population characteristics, while comprehensive omics analyses aimed at describing functionally important molecules are few and far between. We present a molecular characterisation of monogenean representative Eudiplozoon nipponicum, an obligate haematophagous parasite infecting the gills of the common carp. We report its nuclear and mitochondrial genomes, present a functional annotation of protein molecules relevant to the molecular and biochemical aspect of physiological processes involved in interactions with the fish hosts, and re-examinate the taxonomic position of Eudiplozoon species within the Diplozoidae family. RESULTS We have generated 50.81 Gbp of raw sequencing data (Illumina and Oxford Nanopore reads), bioinformatically processed, and de novo assembled them into a genome draft 0.94 Gbp long, consisting of 21,044 contigs (N50 = 87 kbp). The final assembly represents 57% of the estimated total genome size (~ 1.64 Gbp), whereby repetitive and low-complexity regions account for ~ 64% of the assembled length. In total, 36,626 predicted genes encode 33,031 proteins and homology-based annotation of protein-coding genes (PCGs) and proteins characterises 14,785 (44.76%) molecules. We have detected significant representation of functional proteins and known molecular functions. The numbers of peptidases and inhibitors (579 proteins), characterised GO terms (16,016 unique assigned GO terms), and identified KEGG Orthology (4,315 proteins) acting in 378 KEGG pathways demonstrate the variety of mechanisms by which the parasite interacts with hosts on a macromolecular level (immunomodulation, feeding, and development). Comparison between the newly assembled E. nipponicum mitochondrial genome (length of 17,038 bp) and other diplozoid monogeneans confirms the existence of two distinct Eudiplozoon species infecting different fish hosts: Cyprinus carpio and Carassius spp. CONCLUSIONS Although the amount of sequencing data and characterised molecules of monogenean parasites has recently increased, a better insight into their molecular biology is needed. The E. nipponicum nuclear genome presented here, currently the largest described genome of any monogenean parasite, represents a milestone in the study of monogeneans and their molecules but further omics research is needed to understand these parasites' biological nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiří Vorel
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, Brno, 611 37, Czech Republic.
| | - Nikol Kmentová
- Research Group Zoology: Biodiversity and Toxicology, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Gebouw D, Diepenbeek, B-3590, Belgium
| | - Christoph Hahn
- Institute of Biology, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 2, Graz, A-8010, Austria
| | - Petr Bureš
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, Brno, 611 37, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Kašný
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, Brno, 611 37, Czech Republic
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Hahn C, Rauschenbach M, Frey H. Merging Styrene and Diene Structures to a Cyclic Diene: Anionic Polymerization of 1-Vinylcyclohexene (VCH). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023:e202302907. [PMID: 37186346 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202302907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
We report the first anionic polymerization of 1-vinylcyclo-hexene (VCH). This structure may be considered as an intermediate between dienes and styrene. The polymerization of this cyclic 1,2-disubstituted 1,3-diene proceeded quantitatively in cyclohexane at 25 °C with sec-butyllithium as an initiator. The obtained polymers have well-controlled molecular weights in the range of 5 to 142 kg/mol, controlled by the molar ratio of monomer and initiator, with narrow molecular weight distributions (Đ < 1.07-1.20). In situ1H NMR kinetic characteri-zation revealed a weak gradient structure for the copolymers of styrene and VCH, (rSty = 2.55, rVCH = 0.39). P(VCH) obtained in cyclohexane with sec-BuLi as an initiator showed both 1,4- and 3,4-incorporation mode (ratio: 64:36). It was demonstrated that the micro-structure of the resulting P(VCH) can be altered by the addition of a modifier (THF), resulting in increasing 3,4-microstructure (up to 78%) and elevated glass-transition temperature up to 89°C. Thus, the monomer VCH polymerizes carbanionically like a diene, however leading to rigid poly-mers with high glass transition temperature, which provides interesting options for combination with other dienes to well-defined polymer architectures and materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Hahn
- Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, Chemistry, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55099, Mainz, GERMANY
| | - Moritz Rauschenbach
- Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, Chemistry, Duesbergweg 10-14, Mainz, GERMANY
| | - Holger Frey
- Johannes Gutenberg University: Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, Chemistry, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, GERMANY
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Tzourtzouklis I, Hahn C, Frey H, Floudas G. Molecular Dynamics and Viscoelastic Properties of the Biobased 1,4-Polymyrcene. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Christoph Hahn
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz, Mainz 55099, Germany
- Max Planck Graduate Center Mainz, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Holger Frey
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz, Mainz 55099, Germany
| | - George Floudas
- Department of Physics, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece
- University Research Center of Ioannina (URCI) - Institute of Materials Science and Computing, Ioannina 45110, Greece
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Hahn C, Wagner M, Müller AHE, Frey H. Correction to “MyrDOL, a Protected Dihydroxyfunctional Diene Monomer Derived from β-Myrcene: Functional Polydienes from Renewable Resources via Anionic Polymerization”. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Hahn C, Wagner M, Müller AHE, Frey H. MyrDOL, a Protected Dihydroxyfunctional Diene Monomer Derived from β-Myrcene: Functional Polydienes from Renewable Resources via Anionic Polymerization. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Hahn
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Max Planck Graduate Center Mainz, Staudingerweg 9, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Manfred Wagner
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Axel H. E. Müller
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Holger Frey
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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Hahn C, Howard NP, Albach DC. Different Shades of Kale-Approaches to Analyze Kale Variety Interrelations. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13020232. [PMID: 35205277 PMCID: PMC8872201 DOI: 10.3390/genes13020232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Brassica oleracea is a vegetable crop with an amazing morphological diversity. Among the various crops derived from B. oleracea, kale has been in the spotlight globally due to its various health-benefitting compounds and many different varieties. Knowledge of the existing genetic diversity is essential for the improved breeding of kale. Here, we analyze the interrelationships, population structures, and genetic diversity of 72 kale and cabbage varieties by extending our previous diversity analysis and evaluating the use of summed potential lengths of shared haplotypes (SPLoSH) as a new method for such analyses. To this end, we made use of the high-density Brassica 60K SNP array, analyzed SNPs included in an available Brassica genetic map, and used these resources to generate and evaluate the information from SPLoSH data. With our results we could consistently differentiate four groups of kale across all analyses: the curly kale varieties, Italian, American, and Russian varieties, as well as wild and cultivated types. The best results were achieved by using SPLoSH information, thus validating the use of this information in improving analyses of interrelations in kale. In conclusion, our definition of kale includes the curly varieties as the kales in a strict sense, regardless of their origin. These results contribute to a better understanding of the huge diversity of kale and its interrelations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Hahn
- Institute for Biology and Environmental Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany; (N.P.H.); (D.C.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-441-798-3343
| | - Nicholas P. Howard
- Institute for Biology and Environmental Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany; (N.P.H.); (D.C.A.)
- Fresh Forward Breeding & Marketing, 4024 BK Eck en Wiel, The Netherlands
| | - Dirk C. Albach
- Institute for Biology and Environmental Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany; (N.P.H.); (D.C.A.)
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Gierth S, Hartl S, Pollack M, Hasse C, Hofmann U, Zikoridse G, Rautenberg H, Will F, Hahn C, Kureti S. Urea conversion for low‐temperature SCR in a swirled diesel exhaust gas configuration. Chem Eng Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.202100571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandro Gierth
- Institute for Simulation of Reactive Thermo-Fluid Systems TU Darmstadt Darmstadt 64287 Germany
| | - Sandra Hartl
- Institute for Simulation of Reactive Thermo-Fluid Systems TU Darmstadt Darmstadt 64287 Germany
| | - Martin Pollack
- Institute for Simulation of Reactive Thermo-Fluid Systems TU Darmstadt Darmstadt 64287 Germany
| | - Christian Hasse
- Institute for Simulation of Reactive Thermo-Fluid Systems TU Darmstadt Darmstadt 64287 Germany
| | - Uwe Hofmann
- Institute for Efficient and Environmentally Compatible Drive Technologies Argomotive GmbH Gutzkowstraße 30 Dresden 01069 Germany
| | - Gennadi Zikoridse
- Institute for Efficient and Environmentally Compatible Drive Technologies Argomotive GmbH Gutzkowstraße 30 Dresden 01069 Germany
| | - Helge Rautenberg
- Institute of Mechatronic Engineering, Chair of Construction Machinery TU Dresden Dresden 01062 Germany
| | - Frank Will
- Institute of Mechatronic Engineering, Chair of Construction Machinery TU Dresden Dresden 01062 Germany
| | - Christoph Hahn
- Institute of Process Engineering and Chemical Engineering, Chair of Reaction Engineering TU Freiberg Fuchsmühlenweg 9 Freiberg 09596 Germany
| | - Sven Kureti
- Institute of Process Engineering and Chemical Engineering, Chair of Reaction Engineering TU Freiberg Fuchsmühlenweg 9 Freiberg 09596 Germany
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Hahn C, Seidel J, Mertens FO, Kureti S. Study on the kinetics of the adsorption and desorption of NH3 on Fe/H-BEA zeolite. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:7493-7504. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cp05378g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, a Fe/HBEA zeolite (Si/Al: 12.5), representing an effective catalyst for the NH3-SCR process, was physico-chemically characterized and investigated towards the kinetics of the adsorption and desorption of...
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Wieser F, Stryeck S, Lang K, Hahn C, Thallinger G, Feichtinger J, Hack P, Stepponat M, Merchant N, Lindstaedt S, Oberdorfer G. A local platform for user-friendly FAIR data management and reproducible analytics. J Biotechnol 2021; 341:43-50. [PMID: 34400238 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2021.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Collaborative research is common practice in modern life sciences. For most projects several researchers from multiple universities collaborate on a specific topic. Frequently, these research projects produce a wealth of data that requires central and secure storage, which should also allow for easy sharing among project participants. Only under best circumstances, this comes with minimal technical overhead for the researchers. Moreover, the need for data to be analyzed in a reproducible way often poses a challenge for researchers without a data science background and thus represents an overly time-consuming process. Here, we report on the integration of CyVerse Austria (CAT), a new cyberinfrastructure for a local community of life science researchers and provide two examples how it can be used to facilitate FAIR data management and reproducible analytics for teaching and research. In particular, we describe in detail how CAT can be used (i) as a teaching platform with a defined software environment and data management/sharing possibilities, and (ii) to build a data analysis pipeline using the Docker technology tailored to the needs and interests of the researcher.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Wieser
- Institute of Biochemistry, Graz University of Technology, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Sarah Stryeck
- Institute for Interactive Systems and Data Science, Graz University of Technology, 8010, Graz, Austria; Know-Center GmbH, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Konrad Lang
- Institute for Interactive Systems and Data Science, Graz University of Technology, 8010, Graz, Austria; Know-Center GmbH, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Christoph Hahn
- Institute of Biology, University of Graz, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Gerhard Thallinger
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Graz University of Technology, 8010, Graz, Austria; BioTechMed-Graz, Mozartgasse 12/II, 8010, Graz, Styria, Austria
| | - Julia Feichtinger
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, 8010, Graz, Austria; BioTechMed-Graz, Mozartgasse 12/II, 8010, Graz, Styria, Austria
| | - Philipp Hack
- Central Information Technology, Graz University of Technology, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Manfred Stepponat
- Central Information Technology, Graz University of Technology, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Nirav Merchant
- Data Science Institute, University of Arizona, BSRL 200 A, Tucson, AZ, 85721, United States
| | - Stefanie Lindstaedt
- Institute for Interactive Systems and Data Science, Graz University of Technology, 8010, Graz, Austria; Know-Center GmbH, 8010, Graz, Austria.
| | - Gustav Oberdorfer
- Institute of Biochemistry, Graz University of Technology, 8010, Graz, Austria; BioTechMed-Graz, Mozartgasse 12/II, 8010, Graz, Styria, Austria.
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Heuchel L, Hahn C, Pawelke J, Singers B, ørensen S, Dosanjh M, Lühr A. OC-0417 Is a variable proton RBE considered in clinical practice? - ESTRO survey among 25 proton centres. Radiother Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)06904-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Grzesiak S, Pahn M, Schultz-Cornelius M, Harenberg S, Hahn C. Influence of Fiber Addition on the Properties of High-Performance Concrete. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:ma14133736. [PMID: 34279308 PMCID: PMC8269811 DOI: 10.3390/ma14133736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
High performance fiber-reinforced concrete (HPFRC) has been frequently investigated in recent years. Plenty of studies have focused on different materials and types of fibers in combination with the concrete matrix. Experimental tests show that fiber dosage improves the energy absorption capacity of concrete and enhances the robustness of concrete elements. Fiber reinforced concrete has also been illustrated to be a material for developing infrastructure sustainability in RC elements like façade plates, columns, beams, or walls. Due to increasing costs of the produced fiber reinforced concrete and to ensure the serviceability limit state of construction elements, there is a demand to analyze the necessary fiber dosage in the concrete composition. It is expected that the surface and length of used fiber in combination with their dosage influence the structure of fresh and hardened concrete. This work presents an investigation of the mechanical parameters of HPFRC with different polymer fiber dosage. Tests were carried out on a mixture with polypropylene and polyvinyl alcohol fiber with dosages of 15, 25, and 35 kg/m3 as well as with control concrete without fiber. Differences were observed in the compressive strength and in the modulus of elasticity as well as in the flexural and splitting tensile strength. The flexural tensile strength test was conducted on two different element shapes: square panel and beam samples. These mechanical properties could lead to recommendations for designers of façade elements made of HPFRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szymon Grzesiak
- Department of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Kaiserslautern, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany; (S.G.); (M.S.-C.)
| | - Matthias Pahn
- Department of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Kaiserslautern, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany; (S.G.); (M.S.-C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Milan Schultz-Cornelius
- Department of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Kaiserslautern, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany; (S.G.); (M.S.-C.)
| | | | - Christoph Hahn
- Master Builders Solutions Deutschland GmbH, 68199 Mannheim, Germany;
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Konczal M, Przesmycka KJ, Mohammed RS, Hahn C, Cable J, Radwan J. Expansion of frozen hybrids in the guppy ectoparasite, Gyrodactylus turnbulli. Mol Ecol 2021; 30:1005-1016. [PMID: 33345416 PMCID: PMC7986700 DOI: 10.1111/mec.15781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Hybridization is one of the major factors contributing to the emergence of highly successful parasites. Hybrid vigour can play an important role in this process, but subsequent rounds of recombination in the hybrid population may dilute its effects. Increased fitness of hybrids can, however, be frozen by asexual reproduction. Here, we identify invasion of a 'frozen hybrid' genotype in natural populations of Gyrodactylus turnbulli, a facultatively sexual ectoparasitic flatworm that causes significant damage to its fish host. We resequenced genomes of these parasites infecting guppies from six Trinidad and Tobago populations, and found surprisingly high discrepancy in genome-wide nucleotide diversity between islands. The elevated heterozygosity on Tobago is maintained by predominantly clonal reproduction of hybrids formed from two diverged genomes. Hybridization has been followed by spread of the hybrids across the island, implying a selective advantage compared with native genotypes. Our results thus highlight that a single outcrossing event may be independently sufficient to cause pathogen expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Konczal
- Faculty of BiologyEvolutionary Biology GroupAdam Mickiewicz UniversityPoznańPoland
| | | | - Ryan S. Mohammed
- Department of Life SciencesFaculty of Science and TechnologyThe University of the West Indies Zoology Museum, UWISt. AugustineTrinidad and Tobago
- School of BiosciencesCardiff UniversityCardiffUK
| | | | - Jo Cable
- School of BiosciencesCardiff UniversityCardiffUK
| | - Jacek Radwan
- Faculty of BiologyEvolutionary Biology GroupAdam Mickiewicz UniversityPoznańPoland
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16
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Koemans WJ, Houwink A, van der Kaaij RT, Wassenaar ECE, Boerma D, Hahn C, Imhof O, Brandt MG, Ariëns MP, Veenhof AAFA, Hartemink KJ, van Sandick JW. Perioperative Management of Gastric Cancer Patients Treated With (Sub)Total Gastrectomy, Cytoreductive Surgery, and Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy (HIPEC): Lessons Learned. Ann Surg Oncol 2021; 28:4647-4654. [PMID: 33389293 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-020-09465-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The PERISCOPE I study was designed to assess the safety and feasibility of (sub)total gastrectomy, cytoreductive surgery (CRS), and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) with oxaliplatin and docetaxel for gastric cancer patients who have limited peritoneal dissemination. The current analysis investigated changes in perioperative management together with their impact on postoperative outcomes. METHODS Patients with resectable gastric cancer and limited peritoneal dissemination were administered (sub)total gastrectomy, CRS, and HIPEC with oxaliplatin (460 mg/m2) and docetaxel (escalating scheme: 0, 50, 75 mg/m2). Of the 25 patients who completed the study protocol, 14 were treated in the dose-escalation cohort and 11 were treated in the expansion cohort (to optimize perioperative management). RESULTS A significant proportion of the patients in the dose-escalation cohort (n = 7, 50%) had ileus-related complications. In this cohort, enteral nutrition was started immediately after surgery at 20 ml/h, which was increased on day 1 to meet nutritional needs. In the expansion cohort, enteral nutrition was administered at 10 ml/h until day 3, then restricted to 20 ml/h until day 6, supplemented with total parenteral nutrition to meet nutritional needs. Ileus-related complications occurred for two patients (18%) of the expansion cohort. The intensive care unit (ICU) readmission rate decreased from 50 (n = 7) to 9% (n = 1; p = 0.04). CONCLUSION The implementation of a strict nutritional protocol during the PERISCOPE I study was associated with a decrease in postoperative complications. Based on these results, a perioperative care path was described for the gastric cancer HIPEC patients in the PERISCOPE II study.
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Affiliation(s)
- W J Koemans
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A Houwink
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Intensive Care Medicine, The Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - R T van der Kaaij
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - E C E Wassenaar
- Department of Dietetics, The Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - D Boerma
- Department of Dietetics, The Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - C Hahn
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - O Imhof
- Clinical Perfusion, Heartbeat, Eemnes, The Netherlands
| | - M G Brandt
- Department of Surgery, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - M P Ariëns
- Department of Surgery, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - A A F A Veenhof
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - K J Hartemink
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J W van Sandick
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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17
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Weiss SJ, Gonçalves DV, Secci-Petretto G, Englmaier GK, Gomes-Dos-Santos A, Denys GPJ, Persat H, Antonov A, Hahn C, Taylor EB, Froufe E. Global systematic diversity, range distributions, conservation and taxonomic assessments of graylings (Teleostei: Salmonidae; Thymallus spp.). ORG DIVERS EVOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13127-020-00468-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AbstractGraylings (Thymallus) are among the less well-studied groups of salmonid fishes, especially across their Asian distribution range. Here we perform a comprehensive global review of their phylogeography, systematic diversity and range distributions, including biogeographic reconstruction and assessment of both conservation and taxonomic status of each species. Based on a mitogenomic phylogenetic analysis, three approaches to the delineation of molecular operational units, and evaluation of 15 a-priori defined species, we provide biological support for the recognition of 13 grayling species, plus two additional species tentatively. Several instances of paraphyly and its potential effect on systematic inferences are discussed. Overall, the genus displays increasing species diversity and decreasing range size from higher to lower latitudes and ancestral trait reconstruction supports an East Asian origin for extant diversity, most likely centred in the Amur River drainage. Europe’s colonization by Thymallus took place as early as the late Miocene, at least two colonisations of North America are supported, and multiple dispersal events likely took place into Western Siberia. The conservation status for the 15 taxa was estimated to be: 6 least concern, 1 near-threatened, 2 vulnerable, 3 endangered and 3 data deficient.
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18
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Grimison P, Mersiades A, Kirby A, Lintzeris N, Morton R, Haber P, Olver I, Walsh A, McGregor I, Cheung Y, Tognela A, Hahn C, Briscoe K, Aghmesheh M, Fox P, Abdi E, Clarke S, Della-Fiorentina S, Shannon J, Gedye C, Begbie S, Simes J, Stockler M. Oral THC:CBD cannabis extract for refractory chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting: a randomised, placebo-controlled, phase II crossover trial. Ann Oncol 2020; 31:1553-1560. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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19
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Konczal M, Przesmycka KJ, Mohammed RS, Phillips KP, Camara F, Chmielewski S, Hahn C, Guigo R, Cable J, Radwan J. Gene duplications, divergence and recombination shape adaptive evolution of the fish ectoparasite Gyrodactylus bullatarudis. Mol Ecol 2020; 29:1494-1507. [PMID: 32222008 DOI: 10.1111/mec.15421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Determining the molecular basis of parasite adaptation to its host is an important component in understanding host-parasite coevolution and the epidemiology of parasitic infections. Here, we investigate short- and long-term adaptive evolution in the eukaryotic parasite Gyrodactylus bullatarudis infecting Caribbean guppies (Poecilia reticulata), by comparing the reference genome of Tobagonian G. bullatarudis with other Platyhelminthes, and by analysing resequenced samples from local Trinidadian populations. At the macroevolutionary timescale, we observed duplication of G-protein and serine proteases genes, which are probably important in host-parasite arms races. Serine protease also showed strong evidence of ongoing, diversifying selection at the microevolutionary timescale. Furthermore, our analyses revealed that a hybridization event, involving two divergent genomes, followed by recombination has dramatically affected the genetic composition of Trinidadian populations. The recombinant genotypes invaded Trinidad and replaced local parasites in all populations. We localized more than 300 genes in regions fixed in local populations for variants of different origin, possibly due to diversifying selection pressure from local host populations. In addition, around 70 genes were localized in regions identified as heterozygous in some, but not all, individuals. This pattern is consistent with a very recent spread of recombinant parasites. Overall, our results are consistent with the idea that recombination between divergent genomes can result in particularly successful parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Konczal
- Evolutionary Biology Group, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Karolina J Przesmycka
- Evolutionary Biology Group, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Ryan S Mohammed
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, The University of the West Indies Zoology Museum, UWI, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Karl P Phillips
- School of Biological, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,Marine Institute, Newport (Mayo), Ireland
| | - Francisco Camara
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sebastian Chmielewski
- Evolutionary Biology Group, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | | | - Roderic Guigo
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jo Cable
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Jacek Radwan
- Evolutionary Biology Group, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
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20
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Affiliation(s)
- Constanze Jung
- TU Bergakademie FreibergInstitut für Energieverfahrenstechnik und Chemieingenieurwesen, Professur für Reaktionstechnik Fuchsmühlenweg 9 09599 Freiberg Deutschland
| | - Peter Seifert
- TU Bergakademie FreibergInstitut für Energieverfahrenstechnik und Chemieingenieurwesen, Professur für Energieverfahrenstechnik und Thermische Rückstandsbehandlung Fuchsmühlenweg 9 09599 Freiberg Deutschland
| | - Friedemann Mehlhose
- TU Bergakademie FreibergInstitut für Energieverfahrenstechnik und Chemieingenieurwesen, Professur für Energieverfahrenstechnik und Thermische Rückstandsbehandlung Fuchsmühlenweg 9 09599 Freiberg Deutschland
| | - Christoph Hahn
- TU Bergakademie FreibergInstitut für Energieverfahrenstechnik und Chemieingenieurwesen, Professur für Reaktionstechnik Fuchsmühlenweg 9 09599 Freiberg Deutschland
| | - Daniel Schröder
- TU Bergakademie FreibergInstitut für Energieverfahrenstechnik und Chemieingenieurwesen, Professur für Reaktionstechnik Fuchsmühlenweg 9 09599 Freiberg Deutschland
| | - Christian Wolfersdorf
- TU Bergakademie FreibergInstitut für Energieverfahrenstechnik und Chemieingenieurwesen, Professur für Energieverfahrenstechnik und Thermische Rückstandsbehandlung Fuchsmühlenweg 9 09599 Freiberg Deutschland
| | - Sven Kureti
- TU Bergakademie FreibergInstitut für Energieverfahrenstechnik und Chemieingenieurwesen, Professur für Reaktionstechnik Fuchsmühlenweg 9 09599 Freiberg Deutschland
| | - Bernd Meyer
- TU Bergakademie FreibergInstitut für Energieverfahrenstechnik und Chemieingenieurwesen, Professur für Energieverfahrenstechnik und Thermische Rückstandsbehandlung Fuchsmühlenweg 9 09599 Freiberg Deutschland
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21
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Megías-Pérez R, Hahn C, Ruiz-Matute AI, Behrends B, Albach DC, Kuhnert N. Changes in low molecular weight carbohydrates in kale during development and acclimation to cold temperatures determined by chromatographic techniques coupled to mass spectrometry. Food Res Int 2019; 127:108727. [PMID: 31882079 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.108727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Kale (Brassica oleracea) is a cool-season vegetable widely employed in the elaboration of diverse products such as tea and smoothies in USA or in the Northern German cuisine in wintertime. Besides, kale is gaining attention due to the diverse health benefits reported in the literature for its consumption, e.g. antigenotoxic and anticarcinogenic effect, protection of cardiovascular system and gastrointestinal tract. Low molecular weight carbohydrates (LMWC) are compounds directly related with kale flavour and nutritional quality. Despite different studies focusing on the chemical composition of kale, few information on LMWC is available. Thus, in this work a multianalytical approach was conducted in order to perform a comprehensive study of kale LMWC; their evolution during plant development and acclimation to cool temperatures was also evaluated. Gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry allowed the identification of 13 LMWC, being myo-inositol, galactinol, maltose and melibiose described for the first time in kale. Eight major LMWC were quantified in three different commercial kale cultivars using hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry to monitor possible differences in their content during plant development and as consequence of plant acclimation to cold temperatures. Overall, for all types of kales under study, the content of maltose and sucrose decreased during the plant development while the concentration of fructose, melibiose, maltose, raffinose and galactinol was increased in all kale types exposed to low temperatures. These results underline the importance of controlling the temperature during kale cultivation in order to obtain products with a high nutritional value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Megías-Pérez
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Jacobs University Bremen, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
| | - Christoph Hahn
- Institute for Biology and Environmental Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Carl von Ossietzky Strasse 9-11, Oldenburg 26111, Germany
| | | | - Britta Behrends
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Jacobs University Bremen, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
| | - Dirk C Albach
- Institute for Biology and Environmental Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Carl von Ossietzky Strasse 9-11, Oldenburg 26111, Germany
| | - Nikolai Kuhnert
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Jacobs University Bremen, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany.
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22
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Grond J, Płecha M, Hahn C, Wiig Ø, Bachmann L. Mitochondrial genomes of ancient bowhead whales ( Balaena mysticetus) from Svalbard. Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2019; 4:4152-4154. [PMID: 33366359 PMCID: PMC7707676 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2019.1693284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The endangered Spitsbergen stock of bowhead whales (Balaena mysticetus) has once been large with up to estimated 100,000 individuals. Genetic diversity of the extant Spitsbergen stock is unknown. We present 10 complete mitochondrial genomes of heterochronous ancient bowhead whale samples from Svalbard (14C age estimate range: 215-8885 years) obtained via NGS of total genomic DNA extracts. The ten mitogenomes differed by nucleotide substitutions and/or indels, and there was a total of 160 variable positions. The average nucleotide diversity was π = 0.0029. There was no statistically significant correlation between genetic divergence and time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joost Grond
- Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Magdalena Płecha
- Department of Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, Faculty of Biology, Biological and Chemical Research Center, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Christoph Hahn
- Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Biology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Øystein Wiig
- Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lutz Bachmann
- Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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23
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Licka T, Van den Hoven R, Schröder U, Hahn C, Zsoldos R. P.73Correlation of gluteus medius muscle activities at walk and trot with myopathy changes on biopsies of the exact same locations in horses without clinical signs of type 1 polysaccharide storage myopathy. Neuromuscul Disord 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2019.06.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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24
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Koemans WJ, van der Kaaij RT, Boot H, Buffart T, Veenhof AAFA, Hartemink KJ, Grootscholten C, Snaebjornsson P, Retel VP, van Tinteren H, Vanhoutvin S, van der Noort V, Houwink A, Hahn C, Huitema ADR, Lahaye M, Los M, van den Barselaar P, Imhof O, Aalbers A, van Dam GM, van Etten B, Wijnhoven BPL, Luyer MDP, Boerma D, van Sandick JW. Cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy versus palliative systemic chemotherapy in stomach cancer patients with peritoneal dissemination, the study protocol of a multicentre randomised controlled trial (PERISCOPE II). BMC Cancer 2019; 19:420. [PMID: 31060544 PMCID: PMC6501330 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5640-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND At present, palliative systemic chemotherapy is the standard treatment in the Netherlands for gastric cancer patients with peritoneal dissemination. In contrast to lymphatic and haematogenous dissemination, peritoneal dissemination may be regarded as locoregional spread of disease. Administering cytotoxic drugs directly into the peritoneal cavity has an advantage over systemic chemotherapy since high concentrations can be delivered directly into the peritoneal cavity with limited systemic toxicity. The combination of a radical gastrectomy with cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) has shown promising results in patients with gastric cancer in Asia. However, the results obtained in Asian patients cannot be extrapolated to Western patients. The aim of this study is to compare the overall survival between patients with gastric cancer with limited peritoneal dissemination and/or tumour positive peritoneal cytology treated with palliative systemic chemotherapy, and those treated with gastrectomy, CRS and HIPEC after neoadjuvant systemic chemotherapy. METHODS In this multicentre randomised controlled two-armed phase III trial, 106 patients will be randomised (1:1) between palliative systemic chemotherapy only (standard treatment) and gastrectomy, CRS and HIPEC (experimental treatment) after 3-4 cycles of systemic chemotherapy.Patients with gastric cancer are eligible for inclusion if (1) the primary cT3-cT4 gastric tumour including regional lymph nodes is considered to be resectable, (2) limited peritoneal dissemination (Peritoneal Cancer Index < 7) and/or tumour positive peritoneal cytology are confirmed by laparoscopy or laparotomy, and (3) systemic chemotherapy was given (prior to inclusion) without disease progression. DISCUSSION The PERISCOPE II study will determine whether gastric cancer patients with limited peritoneal dissemination and/or tumour positive peritoneal cytology treated with systemic chemotherapy, gastrectomy, CRS and HIPEC have a survival benefit over patients treated with palliative systemic chemotherapy only. TRIAL REGISTRATION clinicaltrials.gov NCT03348150 ; registration date November 2017; first enrolment November 2017; expected end date December 2022; trial status: Ongoing.
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Affiliation(s)
- W J Koemans
- Department of Surgery, The Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, 1066CX, The Netherlands.
| | - R T van der Kaaij
- Department of Surgery, The Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, 1066CX, The Netherlands
| | - H Boot
- Department of Gastro-Intestinal Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, 1066CX, The Netherlands
| | - T Buffart
- Department of Gastro-Intestinal Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, 1066CX, The Netherlands
| | - A A F A Veenhof
- Department of Surgery, The Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, 1066CX, The Netherlands
| | - K J Hartemink
- Department of Surgery, The Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, 1066CX, The Netherlands
| | - C Grootscholten
- Department of Gastro-Intestinal Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, 1066CX, The Netherlands
| | - P Snaebjornsson
- Department of Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, 1066CX, The Netherlands
| | - V P Retel
- Department of Psychosocial Research and Epidomiology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, 1066CX, The Netherlands
| | - H van Tinteren
- Department of Biometrics, The Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, 1066CX, The Netherlands
| | - S Vanhoutvin
- Department of Biometrics, The Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, 1066CX, The Netherlands
| | - V van der Noort
- Department of Biometrics, The Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, 1066CX, The Netherlands
| | - A Houwink
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, 1066CX, The Netherlands
| | - C Hahn
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, 1066CX, The Netherlands
| | - A D R Huitema
- Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, 1066CX, The Netherlands
| | - M Lahaye
- Department of Radiology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M Los
- Department of Oncology, Sint Antonius Hospital, Koekoekslaan 1, Nieuwegein, 3435 CM, The Netherlands
| | - P van den Barselaar
- Clinical perfusion, Heartbeat, Kerkstraat 3A, Eemnes, 3755 CK, The Netherlands
| | - O Imhof
- Clinical perfusion, Heartbeat, Kerkstraat 3A, Eemnes, 3755 CK, The Netherlands
| | - A Aalbers
- Department of Surgery, The Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, 1066CX, The Netherlands
| | - G M van Dam
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen, 9713 GZ, The Netherlands
| | - B van Etten
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen, 9713 GZ, The Netherlands
| | - B P L Wijnhoven
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus Medical Center, Doctor Molewaterplein 40, Rotterdam, 3015 GD, The Netherlands
| | - M D P Luyer
- Department of Surgery, Catharina Hospital, Michelangelolaan 2, Eindhoven, 5623 EJ, The Netherlands
| | - D Boerma
- Department of Surgery, Sint Antonius Hospital, Koekoekslaan 1, Nieuwegein, 3435 CM, The Netherlands
| | - J W van Sandick
- Department of Surgery, The Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, 1066CX, The Netherlands
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25
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Blankenburg J, Maciol K, Hahn C, Frey H. Poly(ethylene glycol) with Multiple Aldehyde Functionalities Opens up a Rich and Versatile Post-Polymerization Chemistry. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b02639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Blankenburg
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Staudinger Weg 9, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Kamil Maciol
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Christoph Hahn
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Holger Frey
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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Abstract
Recent methodological advances have transformed the field of ancient DNA (aDNA). Basic bioinformatics skills are becoming essential requirements to process and analyze the sheer amounts of data generated by current aDNA studies and in biomedical research in general. This chapter is intended as a practical guide to the assembly of ancient mitochondrial genomes, directly from genomic DNA-derived next-generation sequencing (NGS) data, specifically in the absence of closely related reference genomes. In a hands-on tutorial suitable for readers with little to no prior bioinformatics experience, we reconstruct the mitochondrial genome of a woolly mammoth deposited ~45,000 years ago. We introduce key software tools and outline general strategies for mitogenome assembly, including the critical quality assessment of assembly results without a reference genome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Hahn
- Institute of Biology, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 2, 8010, Graz, Austria.
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27
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Mersiades A, Tognela A, Haber P, Stockler M, Lintzeris N, Simes J, McGregor I, Olver I, Allsop D, Gedye C, Kirby A, Morton R, Briscoe K, Fox P, Aghmesheh M, Wong N, Bhardwaj A, Tran A, Hahn C, Grimison P. Pilot and definitive randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trials evaluating an oral cannabinoid-rich THC/CBD cannabis extract for secondary prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV). Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy300.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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28
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Harper LR, Lawson Handley L, Hahn C, Boonham N, Rees HC, Gough KC, Lewis E, Adams IP, Brotherton P, Phillips S, Hänfling B. Needle in a haystack? A comparison of eDNA metabarcoding and targeted qPCR for detection of the great crested newt ( Triturus cristatus). Ecol Evol 2018; 8:6330-6341. [PMID: 29988445 PMCID: PMC6024127 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.4013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis is a rapid, cost-effective, non-invasive biodiversity monitoring tool which utilises DNA left behind in the environment by organisms for species detection. The method is used as a species-specific survey tool for rare or invasive species across a broad range of ecosystems. Recently, eDNA and "metabarcoding" have been combined to describe whole communities rather than focusing on single target species. However, whether metabarcoding is as sensitive as targeted approaches for rare species detection remains to be evaluated. The great crested newt Triturus cristatus is a flagship pond species of international conservation concern and the first UK species to be routinely monitored using eDNA. We evaluate whether eDNA metabarcoding has comparable sensitivity to targeted real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) for T. cristatus detection. Extracted eDNA samples (N = 532) were screened for T. cristatus by qPCR and analysed for all vertebrate species using high-throughput sequencing technology. With qPCR and a detection threshold of 1 of 12 positive qPCR replicates, newts were detected in 50% of ponds. Detection decreased to 32% when the threshold was increased to 4 of 12 positive qPCR replicates. With metabarcoding, newts were detected in 34% of ponds without a detection threshold, and in 28% of ponds when a threshold (0.028%) was applied. Therefore, qPCR provided greater detection than metabarcoding but metabarcoding detection with no threshold was equivalent to qPCR with a stringent detection threshold. The proportion of T. cristatus sequences in each sample was positively associated with the number of positive qPCR replicates (qPCR score) suggesting eDNA metabarcoding may be indicative of eDNA concentration. eDNA metabarcoding holds enormous potential for holistic biodiversity assessment and routine freshwater monitoring. We advocate this community approach to freshwater monitoring to guide management and conservation, whereby entire communities can be initially surveyed to best inform use of funding and time for species-specific surveys.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Christoph Hahn
- School of Environmental SciencesUniversity of HullHullUK
- Institute of ZoologyUniversity of GrazGrazStyriaAustria
| | - Neil Boonham
- FeraSand HuttonYorkUK
- Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK
| | - Helen C. Rees
- ADASSchool of Veterinary Medicine and ScienceThe University of NottinghamLeicestershireUK
| | - Kevin C. Gough
- School of Veterinary Medicine and ScienceThe University of NottinghamLeicestershireUK
| | | | | | | | | | - Bernd Hänfling
- School of Environmental SciencesUniversity of HullHullUK
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Kitson JJN, Hahn C, Sands RJ, Straw NA, Evans DM, Lunt DH. Detecting host–parasitoid interactions in an invasive Lepidopteran using nested tagging DNA metabarcoding. Mol Ecol 2018; 28:471-483. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.14518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James J. N. Kitson
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne UK
- Evolutionary and Environmental Genomics Group School of Environmental Sciences University of Hull Hull UK
| | - Christoph Hahn
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne UK
- Institute of Zoology Karl‐Franzens‐Universität Graz Austria
| | - Richard J. Sands
- Forest Research Centre for Ecosystems, Society and Biosecurity Farnham UK
- Centre for Biological Sciences Highfield Campus The University of Southampton Southampton UK
| | - Nigel A. Straw
- Forest Research Centre for Ecosystems, Society and Biosecurity Farnham UK
| | - Darren M. Evans
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne UK
| | - David H. Lunt
- Evolutionary and Environmental Genomics Group School of Environmental Sciences University of Hull Hull UK
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Hahn C, Hans M, Hein C, Mancinelli RL, Mücklich F, Wirth R, Rettberg P, Hellweg CE, Moeller R. Pure and Oxidized Copper Materials as Potential Antimicrobial Surfaces for Spaceflight Activities. Astrobiology 2017; 17:1183-1191. [PMID: 29116818 DOI: 10.1089/ast.2016.1620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Microbial biofilms can lead to persistent infections and degrade a variety of materials, and they are notorious for their persistence and resistance to eradication. During long-duration space missions, microbial biofilms present a danger to crew health and spacecraft integrity. The use of antimicrobial surfaces provides an alternative strategy for inhibiting microbial growth and biofilm formation to conventional cleaning procedures and the use of disinfectants. Antimicrobial surfaces contain organic or inorganic compounds, such as antimicrobial peptides or copper and silver, that inhibit microbial growth. The efficacy of wetted oxidized copper layers and pure copper surfaces as antimicrobial agents was tested by applying cultures of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus cohnii to these metallic surfaces. Stainless steel surfaces were used as non-inhibitory control surfaces. The production of reactive oxygen species and membrane damage increased rapidly within 1 h of exposure on pure copper surfaces, but the effect on cell survival was negligible even after 2 h of exposure. However, longer exposure times of up to 4 h led to a rapid decrease in cell survival, whereby the survival of cells was additionally dependent on the exposed cell density. Finally, the release of metal ions was determined to identify a possible correlation between copper ions in suspension and cell survival. These measurements indicated a steady increase of free copper ions, which were released indirectly by cells presumably through excreted complexing agents. These data indicate that the application of antimicrobial surfaces in spaceflight facilities could improve crew health and mitigate material damage caused by microbial contamination and biofilm formation. Furthermore, the results of this study indicate that cuprous oxide layers were superior to pure copper surfaces related to the antimicrobial effect and that cell density is a significant factor that influences the time dependence of antimicrobial activity. Key Words: Contact killing-E. coli-S. cohnii-Antimicrobial copper surfaces-Copper oxide layers-Human health-Planetary protection. Astrobiology 17, 1183-1191.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Hahn
- 1 German Aerospace Center (DLR), Institute of Aerospace Medicine , Radiation Biology Department, Cologne (Köln), Germany
| | - M Hans
- 2 Functional Materials, Saarland University , Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - C Hein
- 3 Inorganic Solid State Chemistry, Saarland University , Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - R L Mancinelli
- 4 Bay Area Environmental Research Institute, NASA Ames Research Center , Moffett Field, California, USA
| | - F Mücklich
- 2 Functional Materials, Saarland University , Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - R Wirth
- 5 Microbiology, University of Regensburg , Regensburg, Germany
| | - P Rettberg
- 1 German Aerospace Center (DLR), Institute of Aerospace Medicine , Radiation Biology Department, Cologne (Köln), Germany
| | - C E Hellweg
- 1 German Aerospace Center (DLR), Institute of Aerospace Medicine , Radiation Biology Department, Cologne (Köln), Germany
| | - R Moeller
- 1 German Aerospace Center (DLR), Institute of Aerospace Medicine , Radiation Biology Department, Cologne (Köln), Germany
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Hanche-Olsen S, Matiasek K, Molín J, Rosati M, Hahn C, Hultin Jäderlund K, Gröndahl G. Acquired equine polyneuropathy of Nordic horses: A conspicuous inclusion body schwannopathy. Neuromuscul Disord 2017; 27:931-941. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2017.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2016] [Revised: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Hahn C, Genner MJ, Turner GF, Joyce DA. The genomic basis of cichlid fish adaptation within the deepwater "twilight zone" of Lake Malawi. Evol Lett 2017; 1:184-198. [PMID: 30283648 PMCID: PMC6124600 DOI: 10.1002/evl3.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Deepwater environments are characterized by low levels of available light at narrow spectra, great hydrostatic pressure, and low levels of dissolved oxygen—conditions predicted to exert highly specific selection pressures. In Lake Malawi over 800 cichlid species have evolved, and this adaptive radiation extends into the “twilight zone” below 50 m. We use population‐level RAD‐seq data to investigate whether four endemic deepwater species (Diplotaxodon spp.) have experienced divergent selection within this environment. We identify candidate genes including regulators of photoreceptor function, photopigments, lens morphology, and haemoglobin, many not previously implicated in cichlid adaptive radiations. Colocalization of functionally linked genes suggests coadapted “supergene” complexes. Comparisons of Diplotaxodon to the broader Lake Malawi radiation using genome resequencing data revealed functional substitutions and signatures of positive selection in candidate genes. Our data provide unique insights into genomic adaptation within deepwater habitats, and suggest genome‐level specialization for life at depth as an important process in cichlid radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Hahn
- Evolutionary and Environmental Genomics Group (@EvoHull), School of Environmental Sciences University of Hull Hull HU5 7RX United Kingdom.,Institute of Zoology University of Graz A-8010 Graz Austria
| | - Martin J Genner
- School of Biological Sciences University of Bristol Bristol Life Sciences Building, 24 Tyndall Avenue Bristol BS8 1TQ United Kingdom
| | - George F Turner
- School of Biological Sciences Bangor University Bangor Gwynedd LL57 2UW Wales United Kingdom
| | - Domino A Joyce
- Evolutionary and Environmental Genomics Group (@EvoHull), School of Environmental Sciences University of Hull Hull HU5 7RX United Kingdom
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Singhal D, Wee L, Babic M, Parker W, Moore S, Feng J, Schreiber A, Geoghegan J, Kutyna M, Chhetri R, Nath S, Singhal N, Gowda R, Ross D, To L, D’Andrea R, Lewis I, Hahn C, Scott H, Hiwase D. Therapy Related Myeloid Neoplasms (T-MN) Show High Mutation Frequency and a Spectrum Different from Primary MDS. Leuk Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0145-2126(17)30389-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Poulsen JY, Sado T, Hahn C, Byrkjedal I, Moku M, Miya M. Preservation Obscures Pelagic Deep-Sea Fish Diversity: Doubling the Number of Sole-Bearing Opisthoproctids and Resurrection of the Genus Monacoa (Opisthoproctidae, Argentiniformes). PLoS One 2016; 11:e0159762. [PMID: 27508419 PMCID: PMC4980007 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The family Opisthoproctidae (barreleyes) constitutes one of the most peculiar looking and unknown deep-sea fish groups in terms of taxonomy and specialized adaptations. All the species in the family are united by the possession of tubular eyes, with one distinct lineage exhibiting also drastic shortening of the body. Two new species of the mesopelagic opisthoproctid mirrorbelly genus Monacoa are described based on pigmentation patterns of the "sole"-a unique vertebrate structure used in the reflection and control of bioluminescence in most short-bodied forms. Different pigmentation patterns of the soles, previously noted as intraspecific variations based on preserved specimens, are here shown species-specific and likely used for communication in addition to counter-illumination of down-welling sunlight. The genus Monacoa is resurrected from Opisthoproctus based on extensive morphological synaphomorphies pertaining to the anal fin and snout. Doubling the species diversity within sole-bearing opisthoproctids, including recognition of two genera, is unambiguously supported by mitogenomic DNA sequence data. Regular fixation with formalin and alcohol preservation is shown problematic concerning the retention of species-specific pigmentation patterns. Examination or photos of fresh material before formalin fixation is shown paramount for correct species recognition of sole-bearing opisthoproctids-a relatively unknown issue concerning species diversity in the deep-sea pelagic realm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Yde Poulsen
- Fish Section, Australian Museum, Sydney NSW, Australia
- Department of Fish and Shellfish, Greenland Institute of Natural Resources, Nuuk, Greenland
| | - Tetsuya Sado
- Natural History Museum and Institute, 955-2 Aoba-cho, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Christoph Hahn
- School for Biological, Biomedical and Environmental Science, University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom
| | - Ingvar Byrkjedal
- Natural History Collections, Bergen Museum, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Masatoshi Moku
- Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwano-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masaki Miya
- Natural History Museum and Institute, 955-2 Aoba-cho, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
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Hänfling B, Lawson Handley L, Read DS, Hahn C, Li J, Nichols P, Blackman RC, Oliver A, Winfield IJ. Environmental DNA metabarcoding of lake fish communities reflects long-term data from established survey methods. Mol Ecol 2016; 25:3101-19. [PMID: 27095076 DOI: 10.1111/mec.13660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Revised: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Organisms continuously release DNA into their environments via shed cells, excreta, gametes and decaying material. Analysis of this 'environmental DNA' (eDNA) is revolutionizing biodiversity monitoring. eDNA outperforms many established survey methods for targeted detection of single species, but few studies have investigated how well eDNA reflects whole communities of organisms in natural environments. We investigated whether eDNA can recover accurate qualitative and quantitative information about fish communities in large lakes, by comparison to the most comprehensive long-term gill-net data set available in the UK. Seventy-eight 2L water samples were collected along depth profile transects, gill-net sites and from the shoreline in three large, deep lakes (Windermere, Bassenthwaite Lake and Derwent Water) in the English Lake District. Water samples were assayed by eDNA metabarcoding of the mitochondrial 12S and cytochrome b regions. Fourteen of the 16 species historically recorded in Windermere were detected using eDNA, compared to four species in the most recent gill-net survey, demonstrating eDNA is extremely sensitive for detecting species. A key question for biodiversity monitoring is whether eDNA can accurately estimate abundance. To test this, we used the number of sequence reads per species and the proportion of sampling sites in which a species was detected with eDNA (i.e. site occupancy) as proxies for abundance. eDNA abundance data consistently correlated with rank abundance estimates from established surveys. These results demonstrate that eDNA metabarcoding can describe fish communities in large lakes, both qualitatively and quantitatively, and has great potential as a complementary tool to established monitoring methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernd Hänfling
- Evolutionary and Environmental Genomics Group (@EvoHull), School of Biological, Biomedical and Environmental Sciences, University of Hull (UoH), Cottingham Road, Hull, HU6 7RX, UK
| | - Lori Lawson Handley
- Evolutionary and Environmental Genomics Group (@EvoHull), School of Biological, Biomedical and Environmental Sciences, University of Hull (UoH), Cottingham Road, Hull, HU6 7RX, UK
| | - Daniel S Read
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (CEH), Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, UK
| | - Christoph Hahn
- Evolutionary and Environmental Genomics Group (@EvoHull), School of Biological, Biomedical and Environmental Sciences, University of Hull (UoH), Cottingham Road, Hull, HU6 7RX, UK
| | - Jianlong Li
- Evolutionary and Environmental Genomics Group (@EvoHull), School of Biological, Biomedical and Environmental Sciences, University of Hull (UoH), Cottingham Road, Hull, HU6 7RX, UK
| | - Paul Nichols
- Evolutionary and Environmental Genomics Group (@EvoHull), School of Biological, Biomedical and Environmental Sciences, University of Hull (UoH), Cottingham Road, Hull, HU6 7RX, UK
| | - Rosetta C Blackman
- Evolutionary and Environmental Genomics Group (@EvoHull), School of Biological, Biomedical and Environmental Sciences, University of Hull (UoH), Cottingham Road, Hull, HU6 7RX, UK
| | - Anna Oliver
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (CEH), Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, UK
| | - Ian J Winfield
- Lake Ecosystems Group, Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (CEH), Lancaster Environment Centre, Library Avenue, Bailrigg, Lancaster, LA1 4AP, UK
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Sheng Y, Li T, Yoo S, Yin F, Blitzblau R, Horton J, Palta M, Hahn C, Ge Y, Wu Q. WE-AB-209-05: Development of an Ultra-Fast High Quality Whole Breast Radiotherapy Treatment Planning System. Med Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4957774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Hahn C, Fromm B, Bachmann L. Comparative genomics of flatworms (platyhelminthes) reveals shared genomic features of ecto- and endoparastic neodermata. Genome Biol Evol 2016; 6:1105-17. [PMID: 24732282 PMCID: PMC4040987 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evu078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The ectoparasitic Monogenea comprise a major part of the obligate parasitic flatworm diversity. Although genomic adaptations to parasitism have been studied in the endoparasitic tapeworms (Cestoda) and flukes (Trematoda), no representative of the Monogenea has been investigated yet. We present the high-quality draft genome of Gyrodactylus salaris, an economically important monogenean ectoparasite of wild Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). A total of 15,488 gene models were identified, of which 7,102 were functionally annotated. The controversial phylogenetic relationships within the obligate parasitic Neodermata were resolved in a phylogenomic analysis using 1,719 gene models (alignment length of >500,000 amino acids) for a set of 16 metazoan taxa. The Monogenea were found basal to the Cestoda and Trematoda, which implies ectoparasitism being plesiomorphic within the Neodermata and strongly supports a common origin of complex life cycles. Comparative analysis of seven parasitic flatworm genomes identified shared genomic features for the ecto- and endoparasitic lineages, such as a substantial reduction of the core bilaterian gene complement, including the homeodomain-containing genes, and a loss of the piwi and vasa genes, which are considered essential for animal development. Furthermore, the shared loss of functional fatty acid biosynthesis pathways and the absence of peroxisomes, the latter organelles presumed ubiquitous in eukaryotes except for parasitic protozoans, were inferred. The draft genome of G. salaris opens for future in-depth analyses of pathogenicity and host specificity of poorly characterized G. salaris strains, and will enhance studies addressing the genomics of host–parasite interactions and speciation in the highly diverse monogenean flatworms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Hahn
- Department for Research and Collections, Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Hahn C, Müller A, Kuhnert N, Albach D. Diversity of Kale (Brassica oleracea var. sabellica): Glucosinolate Content and Phylogenetic Relationships. J Agric Food Chem 2016; 64:3215-3225. [PMID: 27028789 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b01000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Recently, kale has become popular due to nutritive components beneficial for human health. It is an important source of phytochemicals such as glucosinolates that trigger associated cancer-preventive activity. However, nutritional value varies among glucosinolates and among cultivars. Here, we start a systematic determination of the content of five glucosinolates in 25 kale varieties and 11 non-kale Brassica oleracea cultivars by HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS(n) and compare the profiles with results from the analysis of SNPs derived from a KASP genotyping assay. Our results demonstrate that the glucosinolate levels differ markedly among varieties of different origin. Comparison of the phytochemical data with phylogenetic relationships revealed that the common name kale refers to at least three different groups. German, American, and Italian kales differ morphologically and phytochemically. Landraces do not show outstanding glucosinolate levels. Our results demonstrate the diversity of kale and the importance of preserving a broad genepool for future breeding purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Hahn
- Institute for Biology and Environmental Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg , Carl von Ossietzky Strasse 9-11, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Anja Müller
- School of Engineering and Science, Jacobs University Bremen , Campus Ring 8, Research III, 28759 Bremen, Germany
| | - Nikolai Kuhnert
- School of Engineering and Science, Jacobs University Bremen , Campus Ring 8, Research III, 28759 Bremen, Germany
| | - Dirk Albach
- Institute for Biology and Environmental Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg , Carl von Ossietzky Strasse 9-11, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany
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Hahn C, Weber G, Märtin R, Höfer S, Kämpfer T, Stöhlker T. CdTe Timepix detectors for single-photon spectroscopy and linear polarimetry of high-flux hard x-ray radiation. Rev Sci Instrum 2016; 87:043106. [PMID: 27131653 DOI: 10.1063/1.4945362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Single-photon spectroscopy of pulsed, high-intensity sources of hard X-rays - such as laser-generated plasmas - is often hampered by the pileup of several photons absorbed by the unsegmented, large-volume sensors routinely used for the detection of high-energy radiation. Detectors based on the Timepix chip, with a segmentation pitch of 55 μm and the possibility to be equipped with high-Z sensor chips, constitute an attractive alternative to commonly used passive solutions such as image plates. In this report, we present energy calibration and characterization measurements of such devices. The achievable energy resolution is comparable to that of scintillators for γ spectroscopy. Moreover, we also introduce a simple two-detector Compton polarimeter setup with a polarimeter quality of (98 ± 1)%. Finally, a proof-of-principle polarimetry experiment is discussed, where we studied the linear polarization of bremsstrahlung emitted by a laser-driven plasma and found an indication of the X-ray polarization direction depending on the polarization state of the incident laser pulse.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Hahn
- Helmholtz Institute Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - G Weber
- Helmholtz Institute Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - R Märtin
- Helmholtz Institute Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - S Höfer
- Helmholtz Institute Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - T Kämpfer
- Helmholtz Institute Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Th Stöhlker
- Helmholtz Institute Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
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Zhang C, Phan P, Geer D, Hahn C, Farmery A. P84 The InspiWave (TM) trial on adult healthy volunteers – insights gleaned from postural studies. Thorax 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2015-207770.221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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41
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Marx-Glowna B, Schulze KS, Uschmann I, Kämpfer T, Weber G, Hahn C, Wille HC, Schlage K, Röhlsberger R, Förster E, Stöhlker T, Paulus GG. Influence of higher harmonics of the undulator in X-ray polarimetry and crystal monochromator design. J Synchrotron Radiat 2015; 22:1151-1154. [PMID: 26289265 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577515011510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/14/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The spectrum of the undulator radiation of beamline P01 at Petra III has been measured after passing a multiple reflection channel-cut polarimeter. Odd and even harmonics up to the 15th order, as well as Compton peaks which were produced by the high harmonics in the spectrum, could been measured. These additional contributions can have a tremendous influence on the performance of the polarimeter and have to be taken into account for further polarimeter designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berit Marx-Glowna
- Institut für Optik und Quantenelektronik, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Max-Wien-Platz 1, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Kai S Schulze
- Institut für Optik und Quantenelektronik, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Max-Wien-Platz 1, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Ingo Uschmann
- Institut für Optik und Quantenelektronik, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Max-Wien-Platz 1, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Tino Kämpfer
- Institut für Optik und Quantenelektronik, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Max-Wien-Platz 1, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Günter Weber
- Helmholtz-Institut Jena, Fröbelstieg 3, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Christoph Hahn
- Institut für Optik und Quantenelektronik, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Max-Wien-Platz 1, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Hans Christian Wille
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kai Schlage
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ralf Röhlsberger
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Eckhart Förster
- Institut für Optik und Quantenelektronik, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Max-Wien-Platz 1, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Thomas Stöhlker
- Helmholtz-Institut Jena, Fröbelstieg 3, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Gerhard G Paulus
- Institut für Optik und Quantenelektronik, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Max-Wien-Platz 1, D-07743 Jena, Germany
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Hahn C, Weiss SJ, Stojanovski S, Bachmann L. Co-Speciation of the Ectoparasite Gyrodactylus teuchis (Monogenea, Platyhelminthes) and Its Salmonid Hosts. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0127340. [PMID: 26080029 PMCID: PMC4469311 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Co-speciation is a fundamental concept of evolutionary biology and intuitively appealing, yet in practice hard to demonstrate as it is often blurred by other evolutionary processes. We investigate the phylogeographic history of the monogenean ectoparasites Gyrodactylus teuchis and G. truttae on European salmonids of the genus Salmo. Mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 and the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 2 were sequenced for 189 Gyrodactylus individuals collected from 50 localities, distributed across most major European river systems, from the Iberian- to the Balkan Peninsula. Despite both anthropogenic and naturally caused admixture of the principal host lineages among major river basins, co-phylogenetic analyses revealed significant global congruence for host and parasite phylogenies, providing firm support for co-speciation of G. teuchis and its salmonid hosts brown trout (S. trutta) and Atlantic salmon (S. salar). The major split within G. teuchis, coinciding with the initial divergence of the hosts was dated to ~1.5 My BP, using a Bayesian framework based on an indirect calibration point obtained from the host phylogeny. The presence of G. teuchis in Europe thus predates some of the major Pleistocene glaciations. In contrast, G. truttae exhibited remarkably low intraspecific genetic diversity. Given the direct life cycle and potentially high transmission potential of gyrodactylids, this finding is interpreted as indication for a recent emergence (<60 ky BP) of G. truttae via a host-switch. Our study thus suggests that instances of two fundamentally different mechanisms of speciation (co-speciation vs. host-switching) may have occurred on the same hosts in Europe within a time span of less than 1.5 My in two gyrodactylid ectoparasite species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Hahn
- Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, 0318, Oslo, Norway
- School for Biological, Biomedical and Environmental Science, University of Hull, Hull, HU6 7RX, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Steven J. Weiss
- Institute of Zoology, Karl-Franzens University of Graz, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Stojmir Stojanovski
- Department of Fish Parasitology, Hydrobiological Institute, 6000, Ohrid, R. Macedonia
| | - Lutz Bachmann
- Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, 0318, Oslo, Norway
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Hahn C, Tyka K, Lenzen S, Gurgul-Convey E. Sphingosine-1-Phosphat-Lyase und zytokinvermittelter ER-Stress in insulinproduzierenden INS1E Zellen. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1549758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Hiwase D, Moore S, Hahn C, Kutyna M, Van Der Hoek M, Fraser R, Chhetri R, Singhal D, Lewis I, Bardy P, To LB, Scott H. 154 TARGETED MUTATION SEQUENCING AND SNP-MICRORRAY CAN IDENTIFY POOR PROGNOSTIC GROUP IN IPSS-LOWER RISK GROUP. Leuk Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0145-2126(15)30155-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Hiwase D, Hahn C, Babic M, Moore S, Singhal D, Kutyna M, Chhetri R, Lopez A, Heatley S, Feng J, Bardy P, Ross D, Lewis I, To B, Schreiber A, Scott H. 153 MULTIPLE MUTATIONS IN THE SAME GENE SUGGEST CLONAL DIVERSITY AND IS ASSOCIATED WITH POOR PROGNOSIS IN MDS. Leuk Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0145-2126(15)30154-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Abstract
Abstract
This paper deals with the kinetic modelling of the adsorption and
desorption of NH3 on Fe/BEA
zeolite. Fe/BEA was recently reported to show high activity
for the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO
x
by
NH3. The NH3 adsorption and desorption kinetics
was examined in the temperature range from 323 to 923 K
using temperature programmed desorption of NH3
(NH3-TPD) and diffuse reflectance infrared fourier transform
spectroscopy (DRIFTS). With these investigations an elementary kinetic
mean field model of the NH3 adsorption and desorption was
constructed employing Arrhenius-based rate expressions. The model
differentiated molecularly bound NH3 and NH4
+
surface species originated from the NH3 chemisorption. For
both kinds of species, the kinetic parameters of the adsorption of
NH3 were adopted from the literature, while that of the
desorption were numerically fitted based upon NH3-TPD
traces. The reliability of the kinetic model was evidenced by
reproduction and prediction of the NH3-TPD profiles as well
as thermodynamic consistency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Hahn
- Technical University of Freiberg, Institute of Energy Process Engineering and Chemical Engineering, Chair of Reaction Engineering, Fuchsmuehlenweg 9, D-09596 Freiberg, Germany
| | - Sven Füger
- Technical University of Freiberg, Institute of Energy Process Engineering and Chemical Engineering, Chair of Reaction Engineering, Fuchsmuehlenweg 9, D-09596 Freiberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Endisch
- Technical University of Freiberg, Institute of Energy Process Engineering and Chemical Engineering, Chair of Reaction Engineering, Fuchsmuehlenweg 9, D-09596 Freiberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Pacher
- Technical University of Freiberg, Institute of Energy Process Engineering and Chemical Engineering, Chair of Reaction Engineering, Fuchsmuehlenweg 9, D-09596 Freiberg, Germany
| | - Sven Kureti
- Technical University of Freiberg, Institute of Energy Process Engineering and Chemical Engineering, Chair of Reaction Engineering, Fuchsmuehlenweg 9, D-09596 Freiberg, Germany
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Hamadeh A, d'Allivy Kelly O, Hahn C, Meley H, Bernard R, Molpeceres AH, Naletov VV, Viret M, Anane A, Cros V, Demokritov SO, Prieto JL, Muñoz M, de Loubens G, Klein O. Full control of the spin-wave damping in a magnetic insulator using spin-orbit torque. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 113:197203. [PMID: 25415921 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.197203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
It is demonstrated that the threshold current for damping compensation can be reached in a 5 μm diameter YIG(20 nm)|Pt(7 nm) disk. The demonstration rests upon the measurement of the ferromagnetic resonance linewidth as a function of I(dc) using a magnetic resonance force microscope (MRFM). It is shown that the magnetic losses of spin-wave modes existing in the magnetic insulator can be reduced or enhanced by at least a factor of 5 depending on the polarity and intensity of an in-plane dc current I(dc) flowing through the adjacent normal metal with strong spin-orbit interaction. Complete compensation of the damping of the fundamental mode by spin-orbit torque is reached for a current density of ∼3×10(11) A·m(-2), in agreement with theoretical predictions. At this critical threshold the MRFM detects a small change of static magnetization, a behavior consistent with the onset of an auto-oscillation regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hamadeh
- Service de Physique de l'État Condensé (CNRS URA 2464), CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - O d'Allivy Kelly
- Unité Mixte de Physique CNRS/Thales and Université Paris Sud 11, 1 avenue Fresnel, 91767 Palaiseau, France
| | - C Hahn
- Service de Physique de l'État Condensé (CNRS URA 2464), CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - H Meley
- Service de Physique de l'État Condensé (CNRS URA 2464), CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - R Bernard
- Unité Mixte de Physique CNRS/Thales and Université Paris Sud 11, 1 avenue Fresnel, 91767 Palaiseau, France
| | - A H Molpeceres
- Unité Mixte de Physique CNRS/Thales and Université Paris Sud 11, 1 avenue Fresnel, 91767 Palaiseau, France
| | - V V Naletov
- Service de Physique de l'État Condensé (CNRS URA 2464), CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France and Unité Mixte de Physique CNRS/Thales and Université Paris Sud 11, 1 avenue Fresnel, 91767 Palaiseau, France and Institute of Physics, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russian Federation
| | - M Viret
- Service de Physique de l'État Condensé (CNRS URA 2464), CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A Anane
- Unité Mixte de Physique CNRS/Thales and Université Paris Sud 11, 1 avenue Fresnel, 91767 Palaiseau, France
| | - V Cros
- Unité Mixte de Physique CNRS/Thales and Université Paris Sud 11, 1 avenue Fresnel, 91767 Palaiseau, France
| | - S O Demokritov
- Department of Physics, University of Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany and Institute of Metal Physics, Ural Division of RAS, Yekaterinburg 620041, Russia
| | - J L Prieto
- Instituto de Sistemas Optoelectrónicos y Microtecnología (UPM), Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - M Muñoz
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Madrid (CNM, CSIC), Madrid 28760, Spain
| | - G de Loubens
- Service de Physique de l'État Condensé (CNRS URA 2464), CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - O Klein
- Service de Physique de l'État Condensé (CNRS URA 2464), CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France and SPINTEC, UMR CEA/CNRS/UJF-Grenoble 1/Grenoble-INP, INAC, 38054 Grenoble, France
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Zuckermann A, Eisen H, See Tai S, Li H, Hahn C, Crespo-Leiro MG. Sirolimus conversion after heart transplant: risk factors for acute rejection and predictors of renal function response. Am J Transplant 2014; 14:2048-54. [PMID: 25307036 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.12833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Revised: 03/26/2014] [Accepted: 03/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
In a randomized, comparative study of cardiac transplant patients with mild-to-moderate renal insufficiency, conversion from calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) to sirolimus improved renal function at 1 year versus continuing CNIs, with an attendant risk of biopsy-confirmed acute rejection (BCAR). Post hoc analyses were conducted to identify predictors of BCAR and GFR improvement associated with conversion. Patients with proteinuria >500 mg/day were excluded. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses tested 13 parameters for BCAR and six for GFR improvement. In 57 sirolimus-treated patients, mean daily mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) dose was lower in those with versus without BCAR (1000 vs. 1420 mg; p = 0.014). Receiver operating characteristic analysis identified MMF dose ≤1000 mg/day as the optimal cutoff to predict BCAR. Multivariate analysis confirmed low MMF dose (odds ratio: 9.94; p = 0.007) and non-white race (odds ratio: 15.3; p = 0.06) were independently associated with BCAR. GFR improvement was evaluated in intent-to-treat patients (n = 116). Significant interaction was detected between treatment effect and preexisting diabetes status (univariate p = 0.077; multivariate p = 0.022), indicating greater beneficial effect of sirolimus in those without preexisting diabetes. These findings suggest that sirolimus is more effective in improving GFR in patients without preexisting diabetes, and adequate MMF doses are needed for sirolimus conversion.
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Guleyupoglu B, Febles N, Minhas P, Hahn C, Bikson M. Reduced discomfort during high-definition transcutaneous stimulation using 6% benzocaine. Front Neuroeng 2014; 7:28. [PMID: 25071548 PMCID: PMC4093654 DOI: 10.3389/fneng.2014.00028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background: High-Definition transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (HD-tDCS) allows for non-invasive neuromodulation using an array of compact (approximately 1 cm2 contact area) “High-Definition” (HD) electrodes, as compared to conventional tDCS (which uses two large pads that are approximately 35 cm2). In a previous transcutaneous study, we developed and validated designs for HD electrodes that reduce discomfort over >20 min session with 2 mA electrode current. Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the use of a chemical pretreatment with 6% benzocaine (topical numbing agent) to further reduce subjective discomfort during transcutaneous stimulation and to allow for better sham controlled studies. Methods: Pre-treatment with 6% benzocaine was compared with control (no pretreatment) for 22 min 2 mA of stimulation, with either CCNY-4 or Lectron II electroconductive gel, for both cathodal and anodal transcutaneous (forearm) stimulation (eight different combinations). Results: Results show that for all conditions and polarities tested, stimulation with HD electrodes is safe and well tolerated and that pretreatment further reduced subjective discomfort. Conclusion: Pretreatment with a mild analgesic reduces discomfort during HD-tDCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berkan Guleyupoglu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Neural Engineering Laboratory, The City College of the City University of New York New York, NY, USA
| | - Nicole Febles
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Neural Engineering Laboratory, The City College of the City University of New York New York, NY, USA
| | - Preet Minhas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Neural Engineering Laboratory, The City College of the City University of New York New York, NY, USA
| | - Christoph Hahn
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Hamburg Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marom Bikson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Neural Engineering Laboratory, The City College of the City University of New York New York, NY, USA
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Fromm B, Burow S, Hahn C, Bachmann L. MicroRNA loci support conspecificity of Gyrodactylus salaris and Gyrodactylus thymalli (Platyhelminthes: Monogenea). Int J Parasitol 2014; 44:787-93. [PMID: 24998346 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2014.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2014] [Revised: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 05/30/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The monogenean flatworm Gyrodactylus salaris is a serious threat to wild and farmed Atlantic salmon stocks in Norway. Morphologically, the closely related but harmless Gyrodactylus thymalli on grayling can hardly be distinguished from G. salaris. Until now, molecular approaches could not resolve unambiguously whether G. salaris and G. thymalli represent just one polytypic species, two polytypic species or a complex of more than two species. In the first known genome-wide analysis utilizing 37 conserved microRNA loci, the genetic differentiation of seven populations of G. salaris and G. thymalli was assessed. The concatenated alignment spanned 21,742bp including 62 variable positions. A neighbor-joining cluster analysis did not support any host-based or mitochondrial haplotype-based grouping of strains. We conclude that a two species concept for G. salaris and G. thymalli does not reflect meaningful biological entities. Instead, G. salaris and G. thymalli are just one species comprising several pathogenic and non-pathogenic strains on various primary hosts. Following the International Code for Zoological Nomenclature, G. salaris Malmberg, 1957 is the valid species name with G. thymalli Žitňan, 1960 becoming the junior synonym. Accordingly, the range of G. salaris is significantly increased, given that formerly G. salaris-free countries such as e.g., Great Britain are now within the species' natural range. The synonymization of G. salaris and G. thymalli implies severe challenges to current disease management routines, which assume that G. salaris and G. thymalli are readily distinguishable. Protocols for reliable identification of pathogenic and non-pathogenic strains of G. salaris need to be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Susann Burow
- Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Norway
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