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Abstract
Background Teledermatology (TD) has emerged as a critical way of delivering care remotely in the COVID-19 pandemic. Objective We conducted a systematic review to assess how TD has been implemented worldwide. Methods We searched PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for articles on the use of TD for patient care, written in English and published from December 1, 2019, to October 15, 2020. Results Twenty-seven studies were included, involving 16,981 patients. There was significant uptake of TD during the pandemic. Synchronous TD appeared to be more commonly implemented than asynchronous TD. Common ambulatory dermatoses such as acne or eczema were reported to be more amenable to TD assessment and management. TD also appeared to be useful for the diagnosis of cutaneous involvement of COVID-19 infection and follow-up of stable oncodermatology cases. Limitations A pooled analysis of all relevant outcomes was not always possible due to the heterogeneity in the methodologies of included studies. Conclusion TD is a useful and convenient tool for the management of common ambulatory dermatoses in the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Loh
- Department of Dermatology, Singapore General Hospital
| | - Y C Tam
- Education Resource Centre, Singapore General Hospital
| | - C C Oh
- Department of Dermatology, Singapore General Hospital.,Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
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2
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Teh F, Oh CC. Calcium gluconate extravasation injury with good response to sodium thiosulfate treatment. Clin Exp Dermatol 2020; 46:984-986. [PMID: 33145844 DOI: 10.1111/ced.14485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F Teh
- Department of Dermatology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - C C Oh
- Department of Dermatology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
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Oh CC, Jin AZ, Yuan JM, Koh WP. Fish intake and risk of nonmelanoma skin cancer in a Chinese population: the Singapore Chinese Health Study. Clin Exp Dermatol 2019; 45:461-463. [PMID: 31580505 DOI: 10.1111/ced.14112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C C Oh
- Department of Dermatology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - A-Z Jin
- Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - J-M Yuan
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - W-P Koh
- Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.,Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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Tan S, Tay T, Teo P, Fook-Chong S, Oh CC, Balakrishnan T. An overview of lower limb cellulitis in an acute medical ward-a few lessons we can learn. Acute Med 2019; 18:8-13. [PMID: 32608387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Lower limb cellulitis is a common cause for hospital admissions. In this retrospective study, we assessed the characteristics and outcome of patients admitted in an acute medical unit. The mean duration of treatment was 10.48 days, with 95.5% receiving antibiotics for more than 5 days. Mean length of stay (LOS) was 5.19 days. 12-month readmission rate was higher in patients with diabetes, chronic kidney disease (CKD) and previous stroke. Diabetes, CKD, previous stroke, and elevated procalcitonin levels were independently associated with prolonged admission (>3 days).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shm Tan
- MBBS (Singapore), MRCP (UK), Department of Internal Medicine, Singapore General Hospital Singapore
| | - Tej Tay
- MBBS (Singapore), MRCP (UK), Department of Internal Medicine, Singapore, General Hospital
| | - Pse Teo
- BSc, MSc (Public Health Research), Health Services Research Unit, Singapore General Hospital
| | - S Fook-Chong
- MSc (Statistics), CStat, Senior Research Scientist, Health Services Research Unit, Singapore General Hospital
| | - C C Oh
- MBBS, MRCP (UK), FAMS (Dermatology), Department of Dermatology, Singapore General Hospital
| | - T Balakrishnan
- MD (Canada), MMED (Singapore), MRCP (UK), FAMS, Department of Internal Medicine, Singapore General Hospital
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Narine KY, Oh CC, Fuchs HE, Van Mater D. Calvarial mass as a presenting feature of neurofibromatosis type 2 in a pediatric patient. Am J Med Genet A 2017; 176:246-247. [PMID: 29130639 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.38505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kalindi Y Narine
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Christopher C Oh
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Herbert E Fuchs
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - David Van Mater
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
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Tham WY, Oh CC, Koh HY. Pernicious anaemia presenting as hyperpigmentation. Clin Exp Dermatol 2015; 40:626-8. [PMID: 25787771 DOI: 10.1111/ced.12600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
An adult East Asian woman presented with sudden onset of hyperpigmented macules on her oral mucosal surfaces, palms and soles, in association with hypoguesia and loss of weight. This was found to be associated with underlying severe vitamin B12 deficiency secondary to pernicious anaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Y Tham
- Department of Internal Medicine, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - C C Oh
- Department of Dermatology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - H Y Koh
- Department of Dermatology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
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Affiliation(s)
- P Y Tiew
- Department of Dermatology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Pineal cysts, both simple and complex, are commonly encountered in children. More cysts are being detected with MR technology; however, nearly all pineal cysts are benign and require no follow-up. OBJECTIVE To discover the prevalence of pineal cysts in children at our institution who have undergone high-resolution 3-T MRI. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively reviewed 100 consecutive 3-T brain MRIs in children ages 1 month to 17 years (mean 6.8 ± 5.1 years). We evaluated 3-D volumetric T1-W imaging, axial T2-W imaging, axial T2-W FLAIR (fluid attenuated inversion recovery) and coronal STIR (short tau inversion recovery) sequences. Pineal parenchymal and cyst volumes were measured in three planes. Cysts were analyzed for the presence and degree of complexity. RESULTS Pineal cysts were present in 57% of children, with a mean maximum linear dimension of 4.2 mm (range 1.5-16 mm). Of these cysts, 24.6% showed thin septations or fluid levels reflecting complexity. None of the cysts demonstrated complete T2/FLAIR signal suppression. No cyst wall thickening or nodularity was present. There was no significant difference between the ages of children with and without cysts. Cysts were more commonly encountered in girls than boys (67% vs. 52%; P = 0.043). There was a slight trend toward increasing pineal gland volume with age. CONCLUSION Pineal cysts are often present in children and can be incidentally detected by 3-T MRI. Characteristic-appearing pineal cysts in children are benign, incidental findings, for which follow-up is not required if there are no referable symptoms or excessive size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew T Whitehead
- Department of Radiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA,
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Ng CT, Tan CK, Oh CC, Chang PE. Successful extracorporeal liver dialysis for the treatment of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole-induced fulminant hepatic failure. Singapore Med J 2013; 54:e113-6. [DOI: 10.11622/smedj.2013067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Oh CC, Low AS, Takano AM. Weight loss in an Asian man. Gastroenterology 2010; 138:e9-10. [PMID: 20434506 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2009.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2009] [Revised: 08/05/2009] [Accepted: 08/07/2009] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C C Oh
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Singapore General Hospital
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Oh CC, Click RL, Orszulak TA, Sinak LJ, Oh JK. Role of intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography in determining aortic annulus diameter in homograft insertion. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 1998; 11:638-42. [PMID: 9657403 DOI: 10.1016/s0894-7317(98)70040-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The sizing of aortic valve (AV) homografts for optimum function requires an accurate measurement of the aortic annulus. Typically, this measurement is obtained directly with sizers in the open aorta. We describe the use of intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography (IOTEE) to measure the aortic annulus and select the appropriate AV homograft before cardiopulmonary bypass and aortic cross-clamping. Thirty-two patients underwent AV homograft insertion between March 1993 and March 1996 and had IOTEE. There were 13 women and 19 men. Mean age was 58 +/- 14 years. IOTEE measurements were satisfactory in sizing in all patients, and no extraordinary surgical measures were necessary to insert the AV homografts. Early postoperative follow-up showed trivial or mild regurgitation of all homografts. Prebypass IOTEE is reliable in guiding the selection of optimal AV homografts.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Oh
- Department of Cardiology and Internal Medicine, Oregon Health Sciences Center, Portland, USA
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Oh CC, Midthun DE. 30-year-old man with recurrent episodes of dyspnea. Mayo Clin Proc 1996; 71:893-6. [PMID: 8790268 DOI: 10.4065/71.9.893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C C Oh
- Mayo Graduate School of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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Baxter CF, Oh CC, Wasterlain CG, Ozaki LK, Baldwin RA. Alterations of GABA metabolism and seizure susceptibility in the substantia nigra of the kindled rat acclimating to changes in osmotic state. Neurochem Res 1991; 16:269-78. [PMID: 1780028 DOI: 10.1007/bf00966090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Seizure susceptibility and GABA metabolism were altered in the substantia nigra [SN] of adult male Sprague Dawley rats when these animals were acclimating to an altered plasma osmolality. Changes in GABA metabolism were measured in vivo in SN of the freely moving rat. Suitable precautions were taken to avoid any post-mortem flux of glutamate to GABA and to correct for the underestimation of GABA build up in SN due to the finite diffusion rate of gamma-vinyl GABA [GVG] after stereotaxic injection of small amounts into one side of the brain. Control experiments provided evidence that changes in osmolality, within a normal physiological range, did not affect significantly gamma-aminobutyric acid transaminase [GABA-T]. Also kindling via the medial septum [MS], in the absence of electrical stimulation did not alter GABA metabolism in SN, thus providing a stable baseline for studies of osmotic effects. Hyperosmolality was associated with a rise in seizure thresholds, with a marked reduction of the rate of GABA synthesis in SN, and with a substantial increase in turnover time of the GABA pool. Hypoosmolality, of a degree known to be associated with mild cerebral edema and swelling localized to astrocytes, markedly reduced seizure threshold, and reduced GABA pool size in SN, but did not alter the rate of GABA synthesis significantly. These results demonstrate by new and independent means the relationship between GABA metabolism in the SN and seizure susceptibility in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- C F Baxter
- Neurochemistry Laboratory V.A. Medical Center, Sepulveda, California 91343
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Baxter CF, Parsons JE, Oh CC, Wasterlain CG, Baldwin RA. Changes of amino acid gradients in brain tissues induced by microwave irradiation and other means. Neurochem Res 1989; 14:909-13. [PMID: 2594149 DOI: 10.1007/bf00964823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Focused microwave irradiation to the head (FMI) has been used extensively by neurochemists for rapid inactivation of enzymatic activity in brain tissues and the preservation, for in vitro analysis, of in vivo substrate concentrations. Periodically the suitability of this technique for regional studies has been questioned. Evidence has now been obtained, on the basis of altered concentration gradients for GABA and taurine from the Substantia Nigra (SN) to an Adjacent Dorsal Area (ADJ), that FMI not only inactivates enzymes, but also facilitates rapid diffusion of small molecules from areas of high concentrations to adjacent areas of lower concentration. To a lesser extent, the implantation of plastic injection cannulas also decreased these concentration gradients. These results offer clear evidence that FMI is ill suited and unreliable for studies designed to map and compare the "in vivo" regional concentrations of diffusible organic molecules (such as amino acids) in brain tissues. Any invasive technique that compromises membrane barriers is likely to produce smaller similar effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- C F Baxter
- Neurochem. Labs, V.A. Med. Ctr. Sepulveda, CA 91343
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