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Prieto M, Carocca A, Fullerton C, Hidalgo A, Diaz J, San Martin P, Godoy M, Nuño M, De Leon A, Rodriguez J, Sanchez R, Batiz F, Castillo A, Cuellar-Barboza A, Biernacka J, Frye M. Clinical Correlates of Cardiac Conduction in Bipolar Disorder. Eur Psychiatry 2022. [PMCID: PMC9566191 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.1019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction
Patients with bipolar disorder (BD) have an increased risk for cardiovascular morbimortality. Clinical risk factors, specifically for arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death remain understudied. Objectives This study was conducted to assess differences in cardiac conduction among BD patients. Methods We included patients with BD in a cross-sectional design, confirmed by structured interview, age 18 through 80. Clinical characteristics were obtained using a structured questionnaire or medical records review. ECG intervals duration and morphology were manually assessed by cardiologists and compared among clinical subgroups using Chi-square, Mann-Whitney, and Kruskall-Wallis tests. Exploratory multivariable linear and logistic regression models were fitted to adjust for potential confounders. Results We included 117 patients (60.7% women, 76.9% bipolar I, 50% history of psychosis, 22.6% suicide attempts). We found a significantly longer QTc interval in BD patients with hypertension (difference: 9.5 ms, p=0.006), obesity (difference: 25 ms, p=0.001), and metabolic syndrome (difference: 13 ms, p=0.007). Hypertension remained a significant predictor of longer QTc after adjusting for age, gender, and antipsychotic use (estimate 17.718, p=0.018). We observed a significantly shorter PR interval in women (difference: 6 ms, p=0.029), early age of onset (difference 6 ms, p=0.025), non-users of lithium (difference 4 ms, p=0.002), and early trauma (difference 4 ms, p=0.038). Finally, we identified significant correlations between symptom severity, blood glucose and PR interval (r=0.298, p=0.001; r=0.278, p=0.003; respectively). Conclusions Patients with BD and hypertension may have an increased risk for QTc prolongation. Careful cardiovascular monitoring may be warranted. Disclosure No significant relationships.
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Iannetta D, Inglis EC, Fullerton C, Passfield L, Murias JM. Metabolic and performance-related consequences of exercising at and slightly above MLSS. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2018; 28:2481-2493. [PMID: 30120803 DOI: 10.1111/sms.13280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Exercising at the maximal lactate steady state (MLSS) results in increased but stable metabolic responses. We tested the hypothesis that even a slight increase above MLSS (10 W), by altering the metabolic steady state, would reduce exercise performance capacity. Eleven trained men in our study performed: one ramp-incremental tests; two to four 30-minute constant-load cycling exercise trials to determine the PO at MLSS (MLSSp ), and ten watts above MLSS (MLSSp+10 ), which were immediately followed by a time-to-exhaustion test; and a time-to-exhaustion test with no-prior exercise. Pulmonary O2 uptake V.O2 ) and blood lactate concentration ([La- ]b ) as well as local muscle O2 extraction ([HHb]) and muscle activity (EMG) of the vastus lateralis (VL) and rectus femoris (RF) muscles were measured during the testing sessions. When exercising at MLSSp+10 , although V.O2 was stable, there was an increase in ventilatory responses and EMG activity, along with a non-stable [La- ]b response (P < 0.05). The [HHb] of VL muscle achieved its apex at MLSSp with no additional increase above this intensity, whereas the [HHb] of RF progressively increased during MLSSp+10 and achieved its apex during the time-to-exhaustion trials. Time-to-exhaustion performance was decreased after exercising at MLSSp (37.3 ± 16.4%) compared to the no-prior exercise condition, and further decreased after exercising at MLSSp+10 (64.6 ± 6.3%) (P < 0.05). In summary, exercising for 30 min slightly above MLSS led to significant alterations of metabolic responses which disproportionately compromised subsequent exercise performance. Furthermore, the [HHb] signal of VL seemed to achieve a "ceiling" at the intensity of exercise associated with MLSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo Iannetta
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | | | - Louis Passfield
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK
| | - Juan M Murias
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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Centeno M, Fullerton C. ISQUA17-1986QUALITY IMPROVEMENT EFFORTS TO REDUCE SEVERE HYPOGLYCEMIA IN A LARGE HOSPITAL SYSTEM. Int J Qual Health Care 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/intqhc/mzx125.77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Devonport TJ, Nicholls W, Fullerton C. A systematic review of the association between emotions and eating behaviour in normal and overweight adult populations. J Health Psychol 2017; 24:3-24. [DOI: 10.1177/1359105317697813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
A systematic review was completed according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A comprehensive search of four electronic databases (2004–2015) yielded 60,017 articles, of which 29 met inclusion criteria. Included studies performed poorly on data quality analysis in terms of randomisation and controlling for confounding factors. Participant’s body mass index scores range from 19.73 (standard deviation = 1.54) to 28.4 (standard deviation = 1.4) kg/m2. Where positive and negative affects were compared, food was more likely to be consumed in response to positive affect. With regard to discrete emotions; stress, depression and sadness consistently elicited eating behaviours that fall outside of nutritional recommendations (e.g. increased food intake or poor nutritional food choices). The role of moderators including individual differences in dietary restraint and emotional eating, as well as methodological considerations, such as means of eliciting and measuring emotions, may account for equivocality with regard to some emotion and eating associations. This article concludes with recommendations for future research and implications for practice.
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Centeno M, Fullerton C. ISQUA16-2242GOT PILLS? A PHARMACIST'S IMPACT ON CHRONIC DISEASE AND OLDER ADULTS IN TRANSITIONS OF CARE. Int J Qual Health Care 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/intqhc/mzw104.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Fullerton C. Evidence–Based Applied Sport Psychology: A Practitioner's Manual. J Sports Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2013.830453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Kilbourne AM, Fullerton C, Dausey D, Pincus HA, Hermann RC. A framework for measuring quality and promoting accountability across silos: the case of mental disorders and co-occurring conditions. Qual Saf Health Care 2010; 19:113-6. [PMID: 20142404 DOI: 10.1136/qshc.2008.027706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quality measures can be effective tools for improving delivery of care and patient outcomes. Co-occurring conditions (COCs), including general medical conditions and substance use disorders, are the rule rather than the exception in patients with serious mental health disorders and lead to substantial morbidity and mortality burden. COCs among persons with mental health disorders are often treated by separate systems ("silos") in the US healthcare system, making it difficult to establish expectations for performance, assign accountability for measure results and ultimately improve quality of care for this group. OBJECTIVES A framework for measuring quality of care for COCs is proposed by reviewing the current state of quality for COCs and examples of quality measures based on the Donabedian model. METHODS AND FRAMEWORK The framework will also be applied to better define which providers are accountable for quality improvement, to ultimately ensure that quality measures have an impact on improving care for COCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Kilbourne
- Department of Psychiatry, VA Ann Arbor National Serious Mental Illness Treatment Research and Evaluation Center, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
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Abstract
Hypochondriasis is frequently defined as a chronic condition distinct from anxiety and depressive disorders. Consecutive primary care attenders (n=25,916) were screened using the General Health Questionnaire and a stratified random sample (n=5447) completed a baseline diagnostic assessment. All patients with significant psychiatric symptoms and a random sample of remaining patients (n=3201) were asked to complete a follow-up diagnostic assessment 12 months later. Of patients meeting an abridged definition of hypochondriasis at baseline, 18% continued to do so at follow-up and an additional 16% continued to report hypochondriacal worries. 45% of those with hypochondriasis at follow-up also met criteria for DSM-IV anxiety or depressive disorder. Follow-up anxiety or depressive disorder was significantly associated with both onset and persistence of hypochondriasis. Hypochondriasis is moderately stable over time. The clear distinction between hypochondriasis and anxiety/depressive disorders suggested by ICD-10 and DSM-IV may be difficult to accomplish in practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- G E Simon
- Center for Health Studies, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, Washington, USA.
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Fullerton C, Florenzano R, Acuña J. [Comorbidity of chronic diseases and psychiatric disorders among patients attending public primary care]. Rev Med Chil 2000; 128:729-34. [PMID: 11050833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a part of the World Health Organization multicentric study of emotional disorders in general medical care, we studied patients who had a chronic medical ailment and a psychiatric disorder, according to ICD-10. AIM To report the prevalence of patients with coexisting medical and psychiatric disorders. PATIENTS AND METHODS All patients, aged 15 to 65 years old, consulting in primary care outpatient clinics, were interviewed using a general health questionnaire. In a second phase, patients with chronic medical disorders were subjected to the World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Instrument. RESULTS Sixty nine percent of interviewed Chilean patients had a medical condition, compared to 60.3% of the global study group. Of these, 66% had a coexisting psychiatric diagnosis, compared to 31% of the global study group. The most frequent diagnoses in the Chilean sample were somatization disorders in 25%, harmful alcohol use in 14%, depression in 35% and hypochondriasis in 6%. There was a higher prevalence and odds ratio for psychiatric diagnoses among Chilean women. CONCLUSIONS Patients with chronic medical disorders should be considered a high risk group for the coexistence of psychiatric disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Fullerton
- Departamento de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile
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Florenzano R, Altuzarra R, Carvajal C, Weil K, Dörr A, Fullerton C, Gottlieb B, Baeza H, Ramírez L, Barcos P, Cerda X, Donoso R. [Improving the quality of clinical interview teaching: evaluation of an intervention with medical students]. Rev Med Chil 2000; 128:294-300. [PMID: 10962871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quality of clinical interview is a key issue both for patient satisfaction and for diagnostic efficiency. Its adequacy relates to better clinical diagnosis treatment plans and patient compliance. AIM To measure the quality of interviews performed by medical students in three Chilean medical schools before receiving specific training on the subject and to compare the scores obtained after introductory courses on interview. MATERIAL AND METHODS The interviews were videotaped and then evaluated using an objective scale, that measures 33 skills grouped in six areas: opening, problem exploration, non verbal facilitation, interpersonal patient reaction and closing. The students were assigned to an experimental group that received an interactive workshop with role-plays, vignettes and videotape feedback, and to a non intervention group that received the usual bedside training on medical interviews. RESULTS Both groups shared the same skill level before the training, with better scores on nonverbal, patient reaction and problem exploration, and worse ones on closing and interpersonal skills. Comparing pre and post-test results, the overall score improved in the experimental group (from 33.2 to 38.3, p = 0.002) and worsened among non intervened students. There were statistically significant changes for opening (p < 0.002), problem exploration (p < 0.05), non verbal facilitation (p < 0.0001) and closing (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS It is important to train students not only in specific knowledge contents but in the process of interview. This training should encourage the development of empathy and closing skills.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND METHODS Patients with depression, particularly those seen by primary care physicians, may report somatic symptoms, such as headache, constipation, weakness, or back pain. Some previous studies have suggested that patients in non-Western countries are more likely to report somatic symptoms than are patients in Western countries. We used data from the World Health Organization's study of psychological problems in general health care to examine the relation between somatic symptoms and depression. The study, conducted in 1991 and 1992, screened 25,916 patients at 15 primary care centers in 14 countries on 5 continents. Of the patients in the original sample, 5447 underwent a structured assessment of depressive and somatoform disorders. RESULTS A total of 1146 patients (weighted prevalence, 10.1 percent) met the criteria for major depression. The range of patients with depression who reported only somatic symptoms was 45 to 95 percent (overall prevalence, 69 percent; P=0.002 for the comparison among centers). A somatic presentation was more common at centers where patients lacked an ongoing relationship with a primary care physician than at centers where most patients had a personal physician (odds ratio, 1.8; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.2 to 2.7). Half the depressed patients reported multiple unexplained somatic symptoms, and 11 percent denied psychological symptoms of depression on direct questioning. Neither of these proportions varied significantly among the centers. Although the overall prevalence of depressive symptoms varied markedly among the centers, the frequencies of psychological and physical symptoms were similar. CONCLUSIONS Somatic symptoms of depression are common in many countries, but their frequency varies depending on how somatization is defined. There is substantial variation in how frequently patients with depression present with strictly somatic symptoms. In part, this variation may reflect characteristics of physicians and health care systems, as well as cultural differences among patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- G E Simon
- Center for Health Studies, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA 98101-1448, USA.
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Retamal P, Fullerton C. [Lithium and bipolar disorders]. Rev Med Chil 1999; 127:1274-6. [PMID: 10835746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
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Florenzano R, Acuña J, Fullerton C, Castro C. [Comparative study of the frequency and features of emotional disturbances in patients in primary care clinics]. Rev Med Chil 1998; 126:397-405. [PMID: 9699370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychological problems are a frequent cause of consultation in primary care outpatient clinics. AIM To report the results for Santiago de Chile of the World Health Organisation multicentric collaborative study on Psychological Symptoms in General Health Care. PATIENTS AND METHODS The results of 1453 patients that attended three primary care clinics in East Metropolitan Santiago were compared with those of patients studied in 15 other centers throughout the world. Two hundred fifty three cases were studied in detail with a structured diagnostic interview (CIDI-PHC). The capacity of general physicians to recognise emotional disorders as well as their management of psychological cases was also assessed. RESULTS Among the 253 patients studied in detail, 53% of patients had a definite psychiatric diagnosis, compared with 24% of patients, as an average, in other countries. There was a higher prevalence of depression, generalised anxiety disorder, neurasthenia and harmful use of alcohol. Chilean physicians recognised 74.1% of patients with psychiatric conditions, as compared with 48.9% of physicians abroad. Tranquilizing agents were the most often prescribed medications (40%) followed by antidepressants (18%). CONCLUSIONS There is a high prevalence of emotional disorders in patients consulting at the primary care level.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Florenzano
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile
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Roizblatt A, Humphrey D, Fullerton C. [Patients cared for at the mental health unit of a primary care office: morbidity study]. Acta Psiquiatr Psicol Am Lat 1993; 39:231-7. [PMID: 8296569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Establishing the frequency of mental disorders among patients cared for at the mental health unit of a primary care outpatient clinic of Santiago, Chile, is intended. In this connection, 618 medical records have been screened retrospectively (i.e. a whole universe excepting patients under age 15). A great majority of patients--with an absolute ratio of female patients (88.8%) were referrals from physicians' offices. The most frequent disorders were anxiety disorders and adjustment disorders. Comments are made on (a): the scarcity of referrals from larger general hospitals, and (b) the need for mechanisms apt at an early detection of the most frequent disorders to be set up.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Roizblatt
- Universidad de Chile, Fac. de Medicina Oriente, Depto de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental, Las Condes, Santiago
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Florenzano R, Labra JF, Riquelme F, Fullerton C, Marchandon A, Rocco C. [Psychiatric patients from general hospitals: pathways followed before consultation]. Rev Med Chil 1992; 120:651-6. [PMID: 1341795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A survey of all patients who consulted at the Psychiatric Service of a general hospital during a one month period was used to evaluate factors influencing the referral of the patient to the specialist. A preponderance of young females was observed. Patients presenting with somatic symptoms, anxiety or depression were usually referred from another physician, while patients with psychotic disorders and problems related to alcohol abuse were first seen by the specialist. Almost half of the patients had been previously treated, usually with anxiolytic drugs and the median time between the first consult and the referral was 52 weeks. Better systems for derivation of these patients must be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Florenzano
- Departamento de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago
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Abstract
AbstractIndividual infant guinea pigs were tested oncde a week during the first 4 weeks of life in a square enclosure which was separated from a smaller enclosure (confinement cage) by a wire-mesh partition. In the Experimental condition (E) the mother and siblings of the subject were present in the confinement cage during testing - while in the Control condition (C) the confinement cage was empty during testing. The young guinea pigs tested in the presence of the mother and siblings displayed a much greater level of activity (i.e. exploratory behaviour) than did those tested with the empty confinement cage. They thus appeared to use the mother and/or siblings as a base from which to explore a novel environment. Exploratory behaviour in condition E showed a significant increase between weeks I and 2 (possibly due to the waning of an initial immobility reaction), and a gradual decline over weeks 3 and 4 (believed to be due to habituation to the test enclosure). In condition C, there were no significant differences in activity between trials. The guinea pigs tested in the presence of the mother and siblings spent significantly more time near the wire partition separating the test enclosure from the confinement cage than did the control subjects - for whom the confinement cage was empty. Subjects in condition E spent significantly more time in the proximity of the mother and siblings during weeks 2-4 as compared to week I. The responsiveness of the young guinea pigs to conspecifics therefore appears to have increased over the first 2 weeks post-partum. The possible adaptive significance of the interaction between exploration and attachment behaviour was discussed.
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Fullerton C, Cowley JJ. The differential effect of the presence of adult male and female mice on the growth and development of the young. J Genet Psychol 1971; 119:89-98. [PMID: 5118846 DOI: 10.1080/00221325.1971.10532630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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