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Ensinck I, Sideri T, Modic M, Capitanchik C, Vivori C, Toolan-Kerr P, van Werven FJ. m6A-ELISA, a simple method for quantifying N6-methyladenosine from mRNA populations. RNA 2023; 29:705-712. [PMID: 36759126 PMCID: PMC10159001 DOI: 10.1261/rna.079554.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is a widely studied and abundant RNA modification. The m6A mark regulates the fate of RNAs in various ways, which in turn drives changes in cell physiology, development, and disease pathology. Over the last decade, numerous methods have been developed to map and quantify m6A sites genome-wide through deep sequencing. Alternatively, m6A levels can be quantified from a population of RNAs using techniques such as liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry or thin layer chromatography. However, many methods for quantifying m6A levels involve extensive protocols and specialized data analysis, and often only a few samples can be handled in a single experiment. Here, we developed a simple method for determining relative m6A levels in mRNA populations from various sources based on an enzyme-linked immunosorbent-based assay (m6A-ELISA). We have optimized various steps of m6A-ELISA, such as sample preparation and the background signal resulting from the primary antibody. We validated the method using mRNA populations from budding yeast and mouse embryonic stem cells. The full protocol takes less than a day, requiring only 25 ng of mRNA. The m6A-ELISA protocol is quick, cost-effective, and scalable, making it a valuable tool for determining relative m6A levels in samples from various sources that could be adapted to detect other mRNA modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imke Ensinck
- The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, United Kingdom
| | | | - Miha Modic
- The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, United Kingdom
- Dementia Research Institute at KCL, London SE5 9RX, United Kingdom
- National Institute of Chemistry, SI-1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | - Claudia Vivori
- The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, United Kingdom
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Rogalska ME, Vivori C, Valcárcel J. Regulation of pre-mRNA splicing: roles in physiology and disease, and therapeutic prospects. Nat Rev Genet 2023; 24:251-269. [PMID: 36526860 DOI: 10.1038/s41576-022-00556-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The removal of introns from mRNA precursors and its regulation by alternative splicing are key for eukaryotic gene expression and cellular function, as evidenced by the numerous pathologies induced or modified by splicing alterations. Major recent advances have been made in understanding the structures and functions of the splicing machinery, in the description and classification of physiological and pathological isoforms and in the development of the first therapies for genetic diseases based on modulation of splicing. Here, we review this progress and discuss important remaining challenges, including predicting splice sites from genomic sequences, understanding the variety of molecular mechanisms and logic of splicing regulation, and harnessing this knowledge for probing gene function and disease aetiology and for the design of novel therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malgorzata Ewa Rogalska
- Genome Biology Program, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Claudia Vivori
- Genome Biology Program, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Juan Valcárcel
- Genome Biology Program, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain.
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Wu ACK, Vivori C, Patel H, Sideri T, Moretto F, van Werven FJ. RSC and GRFs confer promoter directionality by restricting divergent noncoding transcription. Life Sci Alliance 2022; 5:5/12/e202201394. [PMID: 36114005 PMCID: PMC9481977 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202201394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The directionality of gene promoters—the ratio of protein-coding over divergent noncoding transcription—is highly variable. How promoter directionality is controlled remains poorly understood. Here, we show that the chromatin remodelling complex RSC and general regulatory factors (GRFs) dictate promoter directionality by attenuating divergent transcription relative to protein-coding transcription. At gene promoters that are highly directional, depletion of RSC leads to a relative increase in divergent noncoding transcription and thus to a decrease in promoter directionality. We find that RSC has a modest effect on nucleosome positioning upstream in promoters at the sites of divergent transcription. These promoters are also enriched for the binding of GRFs such as Reb1 and Abf1. Ectopic targeting of divergent transcription initiation sites with GRFs or the dCas9 DNA-binding protein suppresses divergent transcription. Our data suggest that RSC and GRFs play a pervasive role in limiting divergent transcription relative to coding direction transcription. We propose that any DNA-binding factor, when stably associated with cryptic transcription start sites, forms a barrier which represses divergent transcription, thereby promoting promoter directionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew CK Wu
- Cell Fate and Gene Regulation Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Claudia Vivori
- Cell Fate and Gene Regulation Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Harshil Patel
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Theodora Sideri
- Cell Fate and Gene Regulation Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Fabien Moretto
- Cell Fate and Gene Regulation Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), Foundation for Research and Technology–Hellas (FORTH), Heraklion, Greece
| | - Folkert J van Werven
- Cell Fate and Gene Regulation Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
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Blackwell DL, Fraser SD, Caluseriu O, Vivori C, Tyndall AV, Lamont RE, Parboosingh JS, Innes AM, Bernier FP, Childs SJ. Hnrnpul1 controls transcription, splicing, and modulates skeletal and limb development in vivo. G3 Genes|Genomes|Genetics 2022; 12:6553027. [PMID: 35325113 PMCID: PMC9073674 DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkac067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in RNA-binding proteins can lead to pleiotropic phenotypes including craniofacial, skeletal, limb, and neurological symptoms. Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs) are involved in nucleic acid binding, transcription, and splicing through direct binding to DNA and RNA, or through interaction with other proteins in the spliceosome. We show a developmental role for Hnrnpul1 in zebrafish, resulting in reduced body and fin growth and missing bones. Defects in craniofacial tendon growth and adult-onset caudal scoliosis are also seen. We demonstrate a role for Hnrnpul1 in alternative splicing and transcriptional regulation using RNA-sequencing, particularly of genes involved in translation, ubiquitination, and DNA damage. Given its cross-species conservation and role in splicing, it would not be surprising if it had a role in human development. Whole-exome sequencing detected a homozygous frameshift variant in HNRNPUL1 in 2 siblings with congenital limb malformations, which is a candidate gene for their limb malformations. Zebrafish Hnrnpul1 mutants suggest an important developmental role of hnRNPUL1 and provide motivation for exploring the potential conservation of ancient regulatory circuits involving hnRNPUL1 in human development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle L Blackwell
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Sherri D Fraser
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Oana Caluseriu
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Claudia Vivori
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona 08003, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona 08002, Spain
| | - Amanda V Tyndall
- Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Ryan E Lamont
- Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Jillian S Parboosingh
- Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - A Micheil Innes
- Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - François P Bernier
- Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Sarah J Childs
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
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Martín E, Vivori C, Rogalska M, Herrero-Vicente J, Valcárcel J. Alternative splicing regulation of cell-cycle genes by SPF45/SR140/CHERP complex controls cell proliferation. RNA 2021; 27:1557-1576. [PMID: 34544891 PMCID: PMC8594467 DOI: 10.1261/rna.078935.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The regulation of pre-mRNA processing has important consequences for cell division and the control of cancer cell proliferation, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. We report that three splicing factors, SPF45, SR140, and CHERP, form a tight physical and functionally coherent complex that regulates a variety of alternative splicing events, frequently by repressing short exons flanked by suboptimal 3' splice sites. These comprise alternative exons embedded in genes with important functions in cell-cycle progression, including the G2/M key regulator FOXM1 and the spindle regulator SPDL1. Knockdown of either of the three factors leads to G2/M arrest and to enhanced apoptosis in HeLa cells. Promoting the changes in FOXM1 or SPDL1 splicing induced by SPF45/SR140/CHERP knockdown partially recapitulates the effects on cell growth, arguing that the complex orchestrates a program of alternative splicing necessary for efficient cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Martín
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona 08003, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Claudia Vivori
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona 08003, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Malgorzata Rogalska
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Jorge Herrero-Vicente
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona 08003, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Juan Valcárcel
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona 08003, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona 08003, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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Vivori C, Papasaikas P, Stadhouders R, Di Stefano B, Rubio AR, Balaguer CB, Generoso S, Mallol A, Sardina JL, Payer B, Graf T, Valcárcel J. Dynamics of alternative splicing during somatic cell reprogramming reveals functions for RNA-binding proteins CPSF3, hnRNP UL1, and TIA1. Genome Biol 2021; 22:171. [PMID: 34082786 PMCID: PMC8173870 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-021-02372-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Somatic cell reprogramming is the process that allows differentiated cells to revert to a pluripotent state. In contrast to the extensively studied rewiring of epigenetic and transcriptional programs required for reprogramming, the dynamics of post-transcriptional changes and their associated regulatory mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here we study the dynamics of alternative splicing changes occurring during efficient reprogramming of mouse B cells into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells and compare them to those occurring during reprogramming of mouse embryonic fibroblasts. RESULTS We observe a significant overlap between alternative splicing changes detected in the two reprogramming systems, which are generally uncoupled from changes in transcriptional levels. Correlation between gene expression of potential regulators and specific clusters of alternative splicing changes enables the identification and subsequent validation of CPSF3 and hnRNP UL1 as facilitators, and TIA1 as repressor of mouse embryonic fibroblasts reprogramming. We further find that these RNA-binding proteins control partially overlapping programs of splicing regulation, involving genes relevant for developmental and morphogenetic processes. CONCLUSIONS Our results reveal common programs of splicing regulation during reprogramming of different cell types and identify three novel regulators of this process and their targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Vivori
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Carrer del Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Carrer del Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Present address: The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT UK
| | - Panagiotis Papasaikas
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Carrer del Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Present address: Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Maulbeerstrasse 66/Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ralph Stadhouders
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Carrer del Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Present address: Departments of Pulmonary Medicine and Cell Biology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bruno Di Stefano
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Carrer del Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Present address: Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Alkek Bldg Room N1020, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Anna Ribó Rubio
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Carrer del Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Clara Berenguer Balaguer
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Carrer del Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Present address: Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Carretera de Can Ruti, Camí de les Escoles, s/n, 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Serena Generoso
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Carrer del Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Carrer del Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Mallol
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Carrer del Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Luis Sardina
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Carrer del Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Present address: Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Carretera de Can Ruti, Camí de les Escoles, s/n, 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Bernhard Payer
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Carrer del Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Carrer del Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Thomas Graf
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Carrer del Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Carrer del Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Valcárcel
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Carrer del Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Carrer del Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Passeig Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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Gaviraghi M, Vivori C, Tonon G. How Cancer Exploits Ribosomal RNA Biogenesis: A Journey beyond the Boundaries of rRNA Transcription. Cells 2019; 8:cells8091098. [PMID: 31533350 PMCID: PMC6769540 DOI: 10.3390/cells8091098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The generation of new ribosomes is a coordinated process essential to sustain cell growth. As such, it is tightly regulated according to cell needs. As cancer cells require intense protein translation to ensure their enhanced growth rate, they exploit various mechanisms to boost ribosome biogenesis. In this review, we will summarize how oncogenes and tumor suppressors modulate the biosynthesis of the RNA component of ribosomes, starting from the description of well-characterized pathways that converge on ribosomal RNA transcription while including novel insights that reveal unexpected regulatory networks hacked by cancer cells to unleash ribosome production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Gaviraghi
- Experimental Imaging Center; Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy.
- Functional Genomics of Cancer Unit, Division of Experimental Oncology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy.
| | - Claudia Vivori
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Giovanni Tonon
- Functional Genomics of Cancer Unit, Division of Experimental Oncology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy.
- Center for Translational Genomics and Bioinformatics, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy.
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Carbonell C, Ulsamer A, Vivori C, Papasaikas P, Böttcher R, Joaquin M, Miñana B, Tejedor JR, de Nadal E, Valcárcel J, Posas F. Functional Network Analysis Reveals the Relevance of SKIIP in the Regulation of Alternative Splicing by p38 SAPK. Cell Rep 2019; 27:847-859.e6. [PMID: 30995481 PMCID: PMC6484779 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.03.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Alternative splicing is a prevalent mechanism of gene regulation that is modulated in response to a wide range of extracellular stimuli. Stress-activated protein kinases (SAPKs) play a key role in controlling several steps of mRNA biogenesis. Here, we show that osmostress has an impact on the regulation of alternative splicing (AS), which is partly mediated through the action of p38 SAPK. Splicing network analysis revealed a functional connection between p38 and the spliceosome component SKIIP, whose depletion abolished a significant fraction of p38-mediated AS changes. Importantly, p38 interacted with and directly phosphorylated SKIIP, thereby altering its activity. SKIIP phosphorylation regulated AS of GADD45α, the upstream activator of the p38 pathway, uncovering a negative feedback loop involving AS regulation. Our data reveal mechanisms and targets of SAPK function in stress adaptation through the regulation of AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Carbonell
- Cell Signaling Research Group, Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Arnau Ulsamer
- Cell Signaling Research Group, Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Claudia Vivori
- Gene Regulation, Stem Cells and Cancer Program, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Panagiotis Papasaikas
- Gene Regulation, Stem Cells and Cancer Program, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - René Böttcher
- Cell Signaling Research Group, Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac, 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manel Joaquin
- Cell Signaling Research Group, Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac, 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Belén Miñana
- Gene Regulation, Stem Cells and Cancer Program, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Ramón Tejedor
- Gene Regulation, Stem Cells and Cancer Program, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eulàlia de Nadal
- Cell Signaling Research Group, Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac, 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Juan Valcárcel
- Gene Regulation, Stem Cells and Cancer Program, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Passeig Lluis Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Francesc Posas
- Cell Signaling Research Group, Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac, 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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9
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Gaviraghi M, Vivori C, Pareja Sanchez Y, Invernizzi F, Cattaneo A, Santoliquido BM, Frenquelli M, Segalla S, Bachi A, Doglioni C, Pelechano V, Cittaro D, Tonon G. Tumor suppressor PNRC1 blocks rRNA maturation by recruiting the decapping complex to the nucleolus. EMBO J 2018; 37:embj.201899179. [PMID: 30373810 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201899179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Focal deletions occur frequently in the cancer genome. However, the putative tumor-suppressive genes residing within these regions have been difficult to pinpoint. To robustly identify these genes, we implemented a computational approach based on non-negative matrix factorization, NMF, and interrogated the TCGA dataset. This analysis revealed a metagene signature including a small subset of genes showing pervasive hemizygous deletions, reduced expression in cancer patient samples, and nucleolar function. Amid the genes belonging to this signature, we have identified PNRC1, a nuclear receptor coactivator. We found that PNRC1 interacts with the cytoplasmic DCP1α/DCP2 decapping machinery and hauls it inside the nucleolus. PNRC1-dependent nucleolar translocation of the decapping complex is associated with a decrease in the 5'-capped U3 and U8 snoRNA fractions, hampering ribosomal RNA maturation. As a result, PNRC1 ablates the enhanced proliferation triggered by established oncogenes such as RAS and MYC These observations uncover a previously undescribed mechanism of tumor suppression, whereby the cytoplasmic decapping machinery is hauled within nucleoli, tightly regulating ribosomal RNA maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Gaviraghi
- Functional Genomics of Cancer Unit, Division of Experimental Oncology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Vivori
- Functional Genomics of Cancer Unit, Division of Experimental Oncology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Yerma Pareja Sanchez
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Francesca Invernizzi
- Pathology Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Angela Cattaneo
- Functional Proteomics Program, Istituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare (IFOM), Milan, Italy
| | - Benedetta Maria Santoliquido
- Functional Genomics of Cancer Unit, Division of Experimental Oncology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Michela Frenquelli
- Functional Genomics of Cancer Unit, Division of Experimental Oncology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Segalla
- Functional Genomics of Cancer Unit, Division of Experimental Oncology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Angela Bachi
- Functional Proteomics Program, Istituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare (IFOM), Milan, Italy
| | - Claudio Doglioni
- Pathology Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Vicent Pelechano
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Davide Cittaro
- Center for Translational Genomics and Bioinformatics, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Tonon
- Functional Genomics of Cancer Unit, Division of Experimental Oncology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy .,Center for Translational Genomics and Bioinformatics, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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