1
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Agusi ER, Schön J, Allendorf V, Eze EA, Asala O, Shittu I, Balkema-Buschmann A, Wernike K, Tekki I, Ofua M, Adefegha O, Olubade O, Ogunmolawa O, Dietze K, Globig A, Hoffmann D, Meseko CA. SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV -2 cross-reactive antibodies in domestic animals and wildlife in Nigeria suggest circulation of sarbecoviruses. One Health 2024; 18:100709. [PMID: 38533194 PMCID: PMC10963646 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2024.100709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Anthropogenic exposure of domestic animals, as well as wildlife, can result in zoonotic transmission events with known and unknown pathogens including sarbecoviruses. During the COVID-19 pandemic, SARS-CoV-2 infections in animals, most likely resulting from spill-over from humans, have been documented worldwide. However, only limited information is available for Africa. The anthropozoonotic transmission from humans to animals, followed by further inter- and intraspecies propagation may contribute to viral evolution, and thereby subsequently alter the epidemiological patterns of transmission. To shed light on the possible role of domestic animals and wildlife in the ecology and epidemiology of sarbecoviruses in Nigeria, and to analyze the possible circulation of other, undiscovered, but potentially zoonotic sarbecoviruses in animals, we tested 504 serum samples from dogs, rabbits, bats, and pangolins collected between December 2020 and April 2022. The samples were analyzed using an indirect multi-species enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) based on the receptor binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV -2, respectively. ELISA reactive sera were further analyzed by highly specific virus neutralization test and indirect immunofluorescence assay for confirmation of the presence of antibodies. In this study, we found SARS-CoV reactive antibodies in 16 (11.5%) dogs, 7 (2.97%) rabbits, 2 (7.7%) pangolins and SARS-CoV-2 reactive antibodies in 20 (13.4%) dogs, 6 (2.5%) rabbits and 2 (7.7%) pangolins, respectively. Interestingly, 2 (2.3%) bat samples were positive only for SARS-CoV RBD reactive antibodies. These serological findings of SARS-CoV and/or SARS-CoV-2 infections in both domestic animals and wildlife indicates exposure to sarbecoviruses and requires further One Health-oriented research on the potential reservoir role that different species might play in the ecology and epidemiology of coronaviruses at the human-animal interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebere R Agusi
- National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
- University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Jacob Schön
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Greifswald, Isle of Riems, Germany
| | - Valerie Allendorf
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Greifswald, Isle of Riems, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Anne Balkema-Buschmann
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Greifswald, Isle of Riems, Germany
| | - Kerstin Wernike
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Greifswald, Isle of Riems, Germany
| | - Ishaya Tekki
- National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
| | - Mark Ofua
- SaintMarks-Lagos Urban Forest Sanctuary Initiative (LUFASI), Lagos, Nigeria
| | | | | | | | - Klaas Dietze
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Greifswald, Isle of Riems, Germany
| | - Anja Globig
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Greifswald, Isle of Riems, Germany
| | - Donata Hoffmann
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Greifswald, Isle of Riems, Germany
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Mills MG, Bruce E, Huang ML, Crothers JW, Hyrien O, Oura CAL, Blake L, Brown Jordan A, Hester S, Wehmas L, Mari B, Barby P, Lacoux C, Fassy J, Vial P, Vial C, Martinez JRW, Oladipo OO, Inuwa B, Shittu I, Meseko CA, Chammas R, Santos CF, Dionísio TJ, Garbieri TF, Parisi VA, Mendes-Correa MC, de Paula AV, Romano CM, Góes LGB, Minoprio P, Campos AC, Cunha MP, Vilela APP, Nyirenda T, Mkakosya RS, Muula AS, Dumm RE, Harris RM, Mitchell CA, Pettit S, Botten J, Jerome KR. An international, interlaboratory ring trial confirms the feasibility of an extraction-less "direct" RT-qPCR method for reliable detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in clinical samples. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0261853. [PMID: 35025926 PMCID: PMC8758094 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) is used worldwide to test and trace the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). "Extraction-less" or "direct" real time-reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is a transparent and accessible qualitative method for SARS-CoV-2 detection from nasopharyngeal or oral pharyngeal samples with the potential to generate actionable data more quickly, at a lower cost, and with fewer experimental resources than full RT-qPCR. This study engaged 10 global testing sites, including laboratories currently experiencing testing limitations due to reagent or equipment shortages, in an international interlaboratory ring trial. Participating laboratories were provided a common protocol, common reagents, aliquots of identical pooled clinical samples, and purified nucleic acids and used their existing in-house equipment. We observed 100% concordance across laboratories in the correct identification of all positive and negative samples, with highly similar cycle threshold values. The test also performed well when applied to locally collected patient nasopharyngeal samples, provided the viral transport media did not contain charcoal or guanidine, both of which appeared to potently inhibit the RT-PCR reaction. Our results suggest that direct RT-PCR assay methods can be clearly translated across sites utilizing readily available equipment and expertise and are thus a feasible option for more efficient COVID-19 coronavirus disease testing as demanded by the continuing pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret G. Mills
- Virology Division, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Emily Bruce
- Division of Immunobiology, Department of Medicine, Robert Larner, M.D. College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, United States of America
| | - Meei-Li Huang
- Virology Division, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Jessica W. Crothers
- Division of Immunobiology, Department of Medicine, Robert Larner, M.D. College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, United States of America
| | - Ollivier Hyrien
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Christopher A. L. Oura
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Lemar Blake
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago
| | | | - Susan Hester
- Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Leah Wehmas
- Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Bernard Mari
- Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, FHU-OncoAge, Valbonne, France
| | - Pascal Barby
- Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, FHU-OncoAge, Valbonne, France
| | - Caroline Lacoux
- Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, FHU-OncoAge, Valbonne, France
| | - Julien Fassy
- Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, FHU-OncoAge, Valbonne, France
| | - Pablo Vial
- Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Programa Hantavirus, Instituto de Ciencias e Innovación en Medicina, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cecilia Vial
- Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Programa Hantavirus, Instituto de Ciencias e Innovación en Medicina, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jose R. W. Martinez
- Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Programa Hantavirus, Instituto de Ciencias e Innovación en Medicina, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Bitrus Inuwa
- Infectious and Transboundary Animal Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
| | - Ismaila Shittu
- Infectious and Transboundary Animal Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
| | - Clement A. Meseko
- Infectious and Transboundary Animal Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
| | - Roger Chammas
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Departamento de Radiologia e Oncologia, Centro de Investigação Translacional em Oncologia, Instituto do Cancer do Estado de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos Ferreira Santos
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thiago José Dionísio
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thais Francini Garbieri
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Viviane Aparecida Parisi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Anderson V. de Paula
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Tropical Medicine of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camila M. Romano
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Tropical Medicine of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz Gustavo Bentim Góes
- Scientific Platform Pasteur-USP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Microbiology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paola Minoprio
- Scientific Platform Pasteur-USP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Angelica C. Campos
- Scientific Platform Pasteur-USP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marielton P. Cunha
- Scientific Platform Pasteur-USP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula P. Vilela
- Scientific Platform Pasteur-USP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tonney Nyirenda
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre, Malawi
| | | | - Adamson S. Muula
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - Rebekah E. Dumm
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Rebecca M. Harris
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Constance A. Mitchell
- Health and Environmental Sciences Institute, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Syril Pettit
- Health and Environmental Sciences Institute, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Jason Botten
- Division of Immunobiology, Department of Medicine, Robert Larner, M.D. College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Robert Larner, M.D. College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, United States of America
| | - Keith R. Jerome
- Virology Division, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
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3
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Mills MG, Bruce E, Huang ML, Crothers JW, Hyrien O, Oura CAL, Blake L, Jordan AB, Hester S, Wehmas L, Mari B, Barby P, Lacoux C, Fassy J, Vial P, Vial C, Martinez JRW, Oladipo OO, Inuwa B, Shittu I, Meseko CA, Chammas R, Santos CF, José Dionísio T, Garbieri TF, Parisi VA, Mendes-Correa MC, dePaula AV, Romano CM, Góes LGB, Minoprio P, Campos AC, Cunha MP, Vilela APP, Nyirenda T, Mkakosya RS, Muula AS, Dumm RE, Harris RM, Mitchell CA, Pettit S, Botten J, Jerome KR. An international, interlaboratory ring trial confirms the feasibility of an open-source, extraction-less "direct" RT-qPCR method for reliable detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in clinical samples. medRxiv 2021:2021.04.10.21254091. [PMID: 33880478 PMCID: PMC8057246 DOI: 10.1101/2021.04.10.21254091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) is used worldwide to test and trace the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). "Extraction-less" or "direct" real time-reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is an open-access qualitative method for SARS-CoV-2 detection from nasopharyngeal or oral pharyngeal samples with the potential to generate actionable data more quickly, at a lower cost, and with fewer experimental resources than full RT-qPCR. This study engaged 10 global testing sites, including laboratories currently experiencing testing limitations due to reagent or equipment shortages, in an international interlaboratory ring trial. Participating laboratories were provided a common protocol, common reagents, aliquots of identical pooled clinical samples, and purified nucleic acids and used their existing in-house equipment. We observed 100% concordance across laboratories in the correct identification of all positive and negative samples, with highly similar cycle threshold values. The test also performed well when applied to locally collected patient nasopharyngeal samples, provided the viral transport media did not contain charcoal or guanidine, both of which appeared to potently inhibit the RT-PCR reaction. Our results suggest that open-access, direct RT-PCR assays are a feasible option for more efficient COVID-19 coronavirus disease testing as demanded by the continuing pandemic.
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4
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Muraina IA, Meseko CA, Fasina FO. The potential of putative zinc-binding motifs of haemagglutinin (HA) protein for categorization and prediction of pathogenicity of H5 subtypes of avian influenza virus. Med Hypotheses 2020; 144:109925. [PMID: 32544740 PMCID: PMC7260503 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we used the potential of bioinformatics and computational analysis to predict the existence and biological relevance of zinc finger (ZF) motifs in heamagglutinin (HA) protein of Avian Influenza (AI) virus. Sequence data of Avian Influenza (AI) viruses were retrieved from accessible databases (GenBank, GISAID, IRD) and analyzed for the existence, as well as functional prediction of the putative zinc finger or ''zinc-binding'' motif(s) of HA protein. It is hypothesized that the ZF motif(s) in HA of AI virus can be used as a ''novel'' biomarker for categorization of the virus and/or its virulence. As a model for analysis, we used the H5 subtypes of highly pathogenic, non-pathogenic and low pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI, NPAI and LPAI) viruses of H5N1 and H5N2 of avian and human origins. Interestingly, our method of characterization using the zinc-finger agrees with the existing classification in distinguishing between highly pathogenic and non-pathogenic or low pathogenic subtypes. The new method also clearly distinguished between low and non-pathogenic strains of H5N2 and H5N1 which are indistinguishable by the existing method that utilizes the sequence of the polybasic amino acids of the proteolytic cleavage site for pathogenicity. It is hypothesized that zinc through the activities of zinc-binding proteins modulates the virulence property of the viral subtypes. Our observation further revealed that only the HA protein among the eight encoded proteins of influenza viruses contain high numbers of Cys-His residues. It is expected that the information gathered from the analysis of the data will be useful to generate more research hypotheses/designs that will give further insight towards the identification and control of avian influenza virus through the molecular manipulation of zinc finger motifs present in viral HA protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Issa A Muraina
- Biochemistry Division, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria; Influenza Resource Centre, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Hertfordshire, UK.
| | - Clement A Meseko
- Animal Influenza Division & TADs, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
| | - Folorunso O Fasina
- FAO-ECTAD, Dar es Salam, Tanzania & Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, University of Pretoria, South Africa
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5
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Meseko CA, Heidari A, Odaibo GN, Olaleye DO. Complete genome sequencing of H1N1pdm09 swine influenza isolates from Nigeria reveals likely reverse zoonotic transmission at the human-animal interface in intensive piggery. Infect Ecol Epidemiol 2019; 9:1696632. [PMID: 31839904 PMCID: PMC6896411 DOI: 10.1080/20008686.2019.1696632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Prevailing agro-ecological conditions and intermingling of human and animals in intensive farms in urban and peri-urban areas in Africa favour cross species transmission of pathogens at the human-animal interface. However, molecular epidemiology studies of zoonotic swine influenza viruses in this region are limited. In this study, isolates of pandemic influenza virus (H1N1pdm09) obtained from pigs in Nigeria were fully sequenced. BLAST of swine influenza virus genes from Nigeria was carried out in GenBank and gene alignment was done using MEGA version 7. Maximum likelihood method (PhyML program) was used to determine gene evolutionary relationships with other viruses and phylogenetic trees were constructed to infer genomic clusters and relationship. Swine influenza viruses isolated and sequenced in this study were monophyletic and 99% congenetic with human isolates from Nigeria, Cameroon, Ghana and USA suggesting reverse zoonotic transmission from humans to pigs in intensive husbandry. A Q240R and S31N substitution among others were detected in the haemagglutinin and matrix genes, respectively, indicating potentials for mutations during interspecies co-mingling and transmission. The A/H1N1pdm09 viruses circulating in pigs that are also exposed to avian influenza in the same epidemiological zones could engender emergence of novel viruses with zoonotic or pandemic potential requiring enhanced surveillance and monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Meseko
- Regional Center for Animal Influenza, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
| | - A Heidari
- Formerly, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, (IZSVe), FAO Reference Center for Animal Influenza and Newcastle Disease virus, OIE Reference Laboratory for Avian Influenza and Newcastle Disease virus, OIE Collaborating Laboratory for Diseases at the Human-Animal Interface, Padova, Italy
| | - G N Odaibo
- WHO National Influenza Center, Department of Virology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - D O Olaleye
- WHO National Influenza Center, Department of Virology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
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Welch CN, Shittu I, Abolnik C, Solomon P, Dimitrov KM, Taylor TL, Williams-Coplin D, Goraichuk IV, Meseko CA, Ibu JO, Gado DA, Joannis TM, Afonso CL. Genomic comparison of Newcastle disease viruses isolated in Nigeria between 2002 and 2015 reveals circulation of highly diverse genotypes and spillover into wild birds. Arch Virol 2019; 164:2031-2047. [PMID: 31123963 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-019-04288-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Newcastle disease virus (NDV) has a wide avian host range and a high degree of genetic variability, and virulent strains cause Newcastle disease (ND), a worldwide concern for poultry health. Although NDV has been studied in Nigeria, genetic information about the viruses involved in the endemicity of the disease and the transmission that likely occurs at the poultry-wildlife interface is still largely incomplete. Next-generation and Sanger sequencing was performed to provide complete (n = 73) and partial genomic sequence data (n = 38) for NDV isolates collected from domestic and wild birds in Nigeria during 2002-2015, including the first complete genome sequences of genotype IV and subgenotype VIh from the African continent. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that viruses of seven different genotypes circulated in that period, demonstrating high genetic diversity of NDV for a single country. In addition, a high degree of similarity between NDV isolates from domestic and wild birds was observed, suggesting that spillovers had occurred, including to three species that had not previously been shown to be susceptible to NDV infection. Furthermore, the first spillover of a mesogenic Komarov vaccine virus is documented, suggesting a previous spillover and evolution of this virus. The similarities between viruses from poultry and multiple bird species and the lack of evidence for host adaptation in codon usage suggest that transmission of NDV between poultry and non-poultry birds occurred recently. This is especially significant when considering that some viruses were isolated from species of conservation concern. The high diversity of NDV observed in both domestic and wild birds in Nigeria emphasizes the need for active surveillance and epidemiology of NDV in all bird species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catharine N Welch
- Exotic and Emerging Avian Viral Disease Research Unit, Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory, U.S. National Poultry Research Lab, United States Department of Agriculture, 934 College Station Road, Athens, GA, 30605, USA.,Daniel B. Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, 180 East Green Street, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Ismaila Shittu
- National Veterinary Research Institute, PMB 01 Vom, Plateau State, Nigeria
| | - Celia Abolnik
- Department of Production Animal Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, P/Bag X04, Onderstepoort, 0110, South Africa
| | - Ponman Solomon
- National Veterinary Research Institute, PMB 01 Vom, Plateau State, Nigeria.,Department of Production Animal Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, P/Bag X04, Onderstepoort, 0110, South Africa
| | - Kiril M Dimitrov
- Exotic and Emerging Avian Viral Disease Research Unit, Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory, U.S. National Poultry Research Lab, United States Department of Agriculture, 934 College Station Road, Athens, GA, 30605, USA
| | - Tonya L Taylor
- Exotic and Emerging Avian Viral Disease Research Unit, Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory, U.S. National Poultry Research Lab, United States Department of Agriculture, 934 College Station Road, Athens, GA, 30605, USA
| | - Dawn Williams-Coplin
- Exotic and Emerging Avian Viral Disease Research Unit, Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory, U.S. National Poultry Research Lab, United States Department of Agriculture, 934 College Station Road, Athens, GA, 30605, USA
| | - Iryna V Goraichuk
- Exotic and Emerging Avian Viral Disease Research Unit, Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory, U.S. National Poultry Research Lab, United States Department of Agriculture, 934 College Station Road, Athens, GA, 30605, USA
| | - Clement A Meseko
- National Veterinary Research Institute, PMB 01 Vom, Plateau State, Nigeria
| | - John O Ibu
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Benue, Nigeria
| | - Dorcas A Gado
- National Veterinary Research Institute, PMB 01 Vom, Plateau State, Nigeria.,Department of Production Animal Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, P/Bag X04, Onderstepoort, 0110, South Africa
| | - Tony M Joannis
- National Veterinary Research Institute, PMB 01 Vom, Plateau State, Nigeria
| | - Claudio L Afonso
- Exotic and Emerging Avian Viral Disease Research Unit, Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory, U.S. National Poultry Research Lab, United States Department of Agriculture, 934 College Station Road, Athens, GA, 30605, USA.
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Shittu I, Gado DA, Meseko CA, Nyam DC, Olawuyi KA, Moses GD, Chinyere CN, Joannis TM. Occurrence of infectious bronchitis in layer birds in Plateau state, north central Nigeria. Open Vet J 2019; 9:74-80. [PMID: 31086770 PMCID: PMC6500855 DOI: 10.4314/ovj.v9i1.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A flock of 54 wk-old layer birds exhibiting signs of respiratory distress, greenish diarrhea, and drop in egg production was investigated. A marked drop in egg production (55%) was recorded with eggs appearing white and soft-shelled. Mortality was in the range of 1%–2% with post-mortem lesions revealing cloudy air sacs, frothy, and congested lungs. Viral RNA was extracted from pooled tissue samples (trachea, lungs, spleen, and liver) and tested for Avian influenza virus (AIV), Newcastle disease virus (NDV), and infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). In addition, virus isolation was attempted in 9–11 day-old embryonating chicken eggs (ECE). In order to determine the prevalence of IBV serotype(s) in the flock, serum samples were screened by hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) test using IBV antigens and antisera (Arkansas, Connecticut, and Massachusetts). Neither AIV nor NDV but IBV was detected in the tissue samples by RT-PCR. In addition, virus isolate obtained after four serial passages in ECE produced dwarfed, stunted, and hemorrhagic embryos, and the isolate was confirmed by RT-PCR to be IBV. The serum samples were 100% seropositive for three serotypes with HI titres ranging from 5 to 12 Log2. In this study, IBV was confirmed as the causative agent of the observed respiratory distress and drop in egg production. Also, the evidence of co-circulation of multiple IBV serotypes was established, this to the best of our knowledge is the first of such report in Nigeria. We recommend extensive molecular and sero-epidemiology of circulating IBV genotypes and serotypes in Nigeria with the aim of developing better control strategies, including vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismaila Shittu
- Regional Laboratory for Animal Influenza and other TADs, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
| | - Dorcas A Gado
- Regional Laboratory for Animal Influenza and other TADs, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
| | - Clement A Meseko
- Regional Laboratory for Animal Influenza and other TADs, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
| | - Davou C Nyam
- Regional Laboratory for Animal Influenza and other TADs, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
| | - Kayode A Olawuyi
- Regional Laboratory for Animal Influenza and other TADs, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
| | - Gyang D Moses
- Central Diagnostic Division, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
| | - Chinonoyerem N Chinyere
- Regional Laboratory for Animal Influenza and other TADs, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
| | - Tony M Joannis
- Regional Laboratory for Animal Influenza and other TADs, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
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8
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Asha K, Kumar P, Sanicas M, Meseko CA, Khanna M, Kumar B. Advancements in Nucleic Acid Based Therapeutics against Respiratory Viral Infections. J Clin Med 2018; 8:jcm8010006. [PMID: 30577479 PMCID: PMC6351902 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Several viruses cause pulmonary infections due to their shared tropism with cells of the respiratory tract. These respiratory problems due to viral infection become a public health concern due to rapid transmission through air/aerosols or via direct-indirect contact with infected persons. In addition, the cross-species transmission causes alterations to viral genetic makeup thereby increasing the risk of emergence of pathogens with new and more potent infectivity. With the introduction of effective nucleic acid-based technologies, post translational gene silencing (PTGS) is being increasingly used to silence viral gene targets and has shown promising approach towards management of many viral infections. Since several host factors are also utilized by these viruses during various stages of infection, silencing these host factors can also serve as promising therapeutic tool. Several nucleic acid-based technologies such as short interfering RNAs (siRNA), antisense oligonucleotides, aptamers, deoxyribozymes (DNAzymes), and ribozymes have been studied and used against management of respiratory viruses. These therapeutic nucleic acids can be efficiently delivered through the airways. Studies have also shown efficacy of gene therapy in clinical trials against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) as well as models of respiratory diseases including severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), measles and influenza. In this review, we have summarized some of the recent advancements made in the area of nucleic acid based therapeutics and highlighted the emerging roles of nucleic acids in the management of some of the severe respiratory viral infections. We have also focused on the methods of their delivery and associated challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumari Asha
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA.
| | - Prashant Kumar
- Amity Institute of Virology and Immunology, Amity University, Noida 201303, India.
| | - Melvin Sanicas
- Sanofi Pasteur, Asia and JPAC Region, Singapore 257856, Singapore.
| | - Clement A Meseko
- Regional Centre for Animal Influenza, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom 930010, Nigeria.
| | - Madhu Khanna
- Department of Respiratory Virology, Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India.
| | - Binod Kumar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA.
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Meseko CA, Ehizibolo DO, Nwokike EC, Wungak YS. Serological evidence of equine influenza virus in horse stables in Kaduna, Nigeria. J Equine Sci 2016; 27:99-105. [PMID: 27703404 PMCID: PMC5048356 DOI: 10.1294/jes.27.99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Equine influenza virus (EIV) is a major cause of acute respiratory diseases in horses in most parts of the world that results in severe economic losses.
Information on the epidemiology of EIV in tropical Africa is scanty. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the presence of influenza A
virus nucleoprotein (NP) in 284 horse sera in Kaduna State, Northern Nigeria. The ELISA-positive sera were further examined for hemagglutination inhibition (HI)
antibodies to two strains each of H3N8 and H7N3 subtypes of influenza A virus. The results showed that antibodies against influenza A virus nucleoprotein were
detected in 60.9% (173 of 284) of horses examined by NP-ELISA. Equine H3 and H7 subtypes were detected in 60% (21 of 35) and 20% (7 of 35) of horse sera
respectively across the stables. Adequate quarantine of all imported horses, a national equine influenza surveillance plan and an appropriate EIV control
program in Nigeria are recommended to safeguard the large horse population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clement A Meseko
- Viral Research Division, National Veterinary Research Institute, P.M.B. 01 Vom, Nigeria
| | - David O Ehizibolo
- Viral Research Division, National Veterinary Research Institute, P.M.B. 01 Vom, Nigeria
| | | | - Yiltawe S Wungak
- Viral Research Division, National Veterinary Research Institute, P.M.B. 01 Vom, Nigeria
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Onoja AB, Meseko CA, Tekki SI. Rabies unending malady--Nigeria in perspective. Afr J Med Med Sci 2014; 43 Suppl:105-109. [PMID: 26949787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Rabies has been eradicated from many countries in the developed world. However, an upsurge in the incidence of rabies has been observed in recent times in areas earlier thought to be free. A wide range of animal reservoirs of rabies exist in Africa, partly due to the favorable climate and ecology. Inability to vaccinate a significant number of dogs has led to increased rabies related human deaths from dog bites with attendant socioeconomic and public health impacts. We highlighted the burden of rabies in Nigeria and indeed Africa, the monitoring strategies adopted, steps taken to tackle the problem and diagnosis as an effective prevention and control option.
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Meseko CA, Odaibo GN, Olaleye DO. Detection and isolation of 2009 pandemic influenza A/H1N1 virus in commercial piggery, Lagos Nigeria. Vet Microbiol 2013; 168:197-201. [PMID: 24321146 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Revised: 09/19/2013] [Accepted: 11/04/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
WHO declared pandemic of A/H1N1 influenza in 2009 following global spread of the newly emerged strain of the virus from swine. Presently there is a dearth of data on the ecology of pandemic influenza H1N1 required for planning of intervention measures in sub Saharan Africa. Herein we report isolation of 2009 pandemic influenza A/H1N1 in an intensive mega piggery farms operation in South West Nigeria. Sentinel surveillance was carried out in a cohort of intensively reared pigs over a period of two years. Nasal swab specimens were collected at monthly interval from observed clinical cases of influenza like illness in pigs and pig handlers. Samples were analyzed by real time RT-PCR and isolation in chicken embryonated eggs. A total of 227 clinical cases of influenza like illness were observed among pigs out of which 31 (13.7%) were positive for influenza A matrix gene by real time RT-PCR. Virus isolation yielded 29 (12%) isolates out of which 18 (18%) were identified as influenza A/H1N1 by Heamaglutination Inhibition test using H1 antisera. RT-PCR positive samples were subtyped as 2009 pandemic A/H1N1 with subtype specific primers and probes. This is the first report of detection and isolation of pandemic influenza H1N1 from pigs in Nigeria. Continuous circulation of this virus in pigs may cause reassortments with seasonal influenza or mutations and substitutions in the gene that may result in the emergence of novel or pandemic influenza virus of economic and public health importance. Nigeria is considered a geographical hotspot of zoonotic diseases, which necessitate active surveillance and monitoring of emerging pandemic threats.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Meseko
- Virology Department, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Regional Center for Animal Influenza, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria.
| | - G N Odaibo
- Regional Center for Animal Influenza, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria.
| | - D O Olaleye
- Regional Center for Animal Influenza, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria.
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Joannis TM, Meseko CA, Oladokun AT, Ularamu HG, Egbuji AN, Solomon P, Nyam DC, Gado DA, Luka P, Ogedengbe ME, Yakubu MB, Tyem AD, Akinyede O, Shittu AI, Sulaiman LK, Owolodun OA, Olawuyi AK, Obishakin ET, Fasina FO. Serologic and virologic surveillance of avian influenza in Nigeria, 2006-7. Euro Surveill 2008. [DOI: 10.2807/ese.13.42.19007-en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Binary file ES_Abstracts_Final_ECDC.txt matches
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Affiliation(s)
- T M Joannis
- Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) Regional Laboratory (Western and Central Africa) for Avian Influenza and Newcastle Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
| | - C A Meseko
- Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) Regional Laboratory (Western and Central Africa) for Avian Influenza and Newcastle Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
| | - A T Oladokun
- Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) Regional Laboratory (Western and Central Africa) for Avian Influenza and Newcastle Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
| | - H G Ularamu
- Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) Regional Laboratory (Western and Central Africa) for Avian Influenza and Newcastle Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
| | - A N Egbuji
- Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) Regional Laboratory (Western and Central Africa) for Avian Influenza and Newcastle Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
| | - P Solomon
- Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) Regional Laboratory (Western and Central Africa) for Avian Influenza and Newcastle Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
| | - D C Nyam
- Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) Regional Laboratory (Western and Central Africa) for Avian Influenza and Newcastle Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
| | - D A Gado
- Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) Regional Laboratory (Western and Central Africa) for Avian Influenza and Newcastle Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
| | - P Luka
- Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) Regional Laboratory (Western and Central Africa) for Avian Influenza and Newcastle Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
| | - M E Ogedengbe
- Virology, Biochemistry and Biotechnology Division, National Veterinary Research Institute (NVRI), Nigeria
| | - M B Yakubu
- Virology, Biochemistry and Biotechnology Division, National Veterinary Research Institute (NVRI), Nigeria
| | - A D Tyem
- Virology, Biochemistry and Biotechnology Division, National Veterinary Research Institute (NVRI), Nigeria
| | - O Akinyede
- Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) Regional Laboratory (Western and Central Africa) for Avian Influenza and Newcastle Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
| | - A I Shittu
- Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) Regional Laboratory (Western and Central Africa) for Avian Influenza and Newcastle Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
| | - L K Sulaiman
- Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) Regional Laboratory (Western and Central Africa) for Avian Influenza and Newcastle Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
| | - O A Owolodun
- Virology, Biochemistry and Biotechnology Division, National Veterinary Research Institute (NVRI), Nigeria
| | - A K Olawuyi
- Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) Regional Laboratory (Western and Central Africa) for Avian Influenza and Newcastle Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
| | - E T Obishakin
- Virology, Biochemistry and Biotechnology Division, National Veterinary Research Institute (NVRI), Nigeria
| | - F O Fasina
- Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) Regional Laboratory (Western and Central Africa) for Avian Influenza and Newcastle Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
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Joannis TM, Meseko CA, Oladokun AT, Ularamu HG, Egbuji AN, Solomon P, Nyam DC, Gado DA, Luka P, Ogedengbe ME, Yakubu MB, Tyem AD, Akinyede O, Shittu AI, Sulaiman LK, Owolodun OA, Olawuyi AK, Obishakin ET, Fasina FO. Serologic and virologic surveillance of avian influenza in Nigeria, 2006-7. Euro Surveill 2008; 13:19007. [PMID: 18926110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Since January 2006, H5N1 avian influenza has affected Nigeria's poultry population causing enormous loss of resources. The current circulating virus is a potential candidate for pandemic influenza which may severely affect the human and animal population worldwide especially in the resource-poor countries. In this study, we report on our field and laboratory surveillance efforts in Nigeria. A total of 1,821 tissue samples, 8,638 tracheal swabs, 7,976 cloacal swabs and 7,328 avian sera were analysed over a period of two years, with 312 positive results [corrected] We recovered 299 isolates of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1 mainly from the diagnostic samples of poultry kept in backyard, small scale and free range farms. This finding emphasised the role played by these farming systems in the dissemination of avian influenza in Nigeria and highlights the need for a continued surveillance in humans since human-animal interaction is a key feature in Africa. Furthermore, there is a need for the strengthening of border controls. Since October 2007, there has been no reported and confirmed outbreak of avian influenza in Nigeria.
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Affiliation(s)
- T M Joannis
- Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO), Regional Laboratory (Western and Central Africa) for Avian Influenza and Newcastle Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
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