1
|
Montayre J, Alananzeh I, Bail K, Barnewall K, Beament T, Campbell S, Carmody C, Chan A, Donnelly F, Duff J, Ferguson C, Gibson J, Harbour P, Ireland CJ, Liu XL, Luyke P, Maneze D, McDonall J, McTier L, Mulquiney T, O'Brien J, Pelentsov LJ, Ramjan LM, Reedy N, Richards GM, Roche MA, Smith BW, Benjamin JY, Theobald KA, Tori KE, Wall P, Wallis E, Yokota L, Zugai J, Salamonson Y. Development and psychometric testing of the gender misconceptions of men in nursing (GEMINI) scale among nursing students. Contemp Nurse 2022; 58:253-263. [PMID: 35881770 DOI: 10.1080/10376178.2022.2107041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Misconceptions about men in nursing may influence recruitment and retention, further perpetuating the gender diversity imbalance in the nursing workforce. Identifying misconceptions and implementing early intervention strategies to address these deep-rooted stereotypes remain challenging but is considered critical to support students who are commencing a nursing career. OBJECTIVE To develop and evaluate the psychometric properties of the 'Gender Misconceptions of meN in nursIng (GEMINI) Scale. DESIGN Cross-sectional survey. METHODS Pre-registration nursing students enrolled in undergraduate nursing programs across 16 nursing institutions in Australia were surveyed from July to September 2021. The 17-item self-report GEMINI Scale measured the gender misconceptions of men in nursing. RESULTS Of the 1410 completed surveys, data from 683 (45%) women were used for exploratory factor analysis showing a one factor structure, while data from 727 men (47%) were used for confirmatory factor analysis of the 17-item GEMINI Scale, which showed a good model fit. The scale demonstrated high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha of 0.892). Men were found to have higher gender misconceptions (p < 0.001) while respondents who: a) identified nursing as their first career choice (p = 0.002); b) were in their final year of program enrolment (p = 0.016); and c) engaged in health-related paid work (p = 0.002) had lower gender misconceptions. CONCLUSION The GEMINI Scale is a robust, valid, reliable, and easy to administer tool to assess misconceptions about men in nursing, which may potentially influence academic performance and retention. Identifying and addressing specific elements of misconceptions could inform targeted strategies to support retention and decrease attrition among these students. IMPACT STATEMENT Genderism harms nursing, as well as the men and women working in the profession. Recruitment and retention of men into nursing is needed to cultivate male role models and diversify the workforce, however this is impeded by negative portrayals in popular culture and misconceptions entrenched in society.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jed Montayre
- Senior Lecturer, Western Sydney University, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith NSW 2751, , Twitter: @JedMontayre
| | | | - Kasia Bail
- Associate Professor, University of Canberra, Discipline of Nursing, Ageing Research Group,
| | - Kate Barnewall
- Lecturer, Griffith University, School of Nursing and Midwifery,
| | - Tania Beament
- Director International, Edith Cowan University, School of Nursing and Midwifery,
| | - Steve Campbell
- Professor of Clinical Redesign, Nursing, University of Tasmania, School of Nursing, College of Health and Medicine,
| | - Cathy Carmody
- Lecturer, Griffith University, School of Nursing and Midwifery,
| | - Alex Chan
- Lecturer, University of Wollongong, School of Nursing,
| | - Frank Donnelly
- Head of School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide Nursing School,
| | - Jed Duff
- Chair of Nursing Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Queensland University of Technology, Centre for Healthcare Transformation,
| | - Caleb Ferguson
- Associate Head of School (Research), University of Wollongong, School of Nursing,
| | - Jo Gibson
- Senior Lecturer - Nursing, University of Canberra, School of Nursing, Midwifery & Public Health,
| | - Peta Harbour
- Deputy Head of School, Australian Catholic University, School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedicine,
| | - Colin J Ireland
- Lecturer, University of South Australia, Clinical and Health Sciences,
| | - Xian-Liang Liu
- Undergraduate Honours Academic Lead
- Charles Darwin University, College of Nursing and Midwifery,
| | - Patricia Luyke
- Associate Lecturer, University of Southern Queensland, School of Nursing and Midwifery,
| | - Della Maneze
- Research Associate, Western Sydney University, School of Nursing and Midwifery,
| | - Jo McDonall
- Director of Undergraduate Studies, Deakin University, School of Nursing and Midwifery,
| | - Lauren McTier
- Associate Head of School (Teaching and Learning), Deakin University, School of Nursing and Midwifery,
| | - Tameeka Mulquiney
- Lecturer, Charles Sturt University, School of Nursing, Paramedicine and Healthcare Sciences,
| | - Jane O'Brien
- Lecturer, University of Tasmania, School of Nursing, College of Health and Medicine,
| | - Lemuel J Pelentsov
- Program Director, University of South Australia, Clinical and Health Sciences,
| | - Lucie M Ramjan
- Associate Professor, Western Sydney University, School of Nursing and Midwifery,
| | - Natasha Reedy
- Bachelor of Nursing Program Director, University of Southern Queensland, School of Nursing and Midwifery,
| | - Gina M Richards
- Adjunct Lecturer, Edith Cowan University, School of Nursing and Midwifery,
| | - Michael A Roche
- Professor, University of Canberra, Faculty of Health, Adjunct Professor, University of Technology Sydney, School of Nursing and Midwifery,
| | - Brandon W Smith
- Research Assistant, Western Sydney University, School of Nursing and Midwifery,
| | - Jing-Yu Benjamin
- Associate Dean Research, Charles Darwin University, College of Nursing and Midwifery,
| | - Karen A Theobald
- Academic Lead Education, Queensland University of Technology, School of Nursing,
| | - Kathleen E Tori
- Associate Professor, University of Tasmania, School of Nursing,
| | - Peter Wall
- Lecturer, Murdoch University, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education,
| | - Emily Wallis
- Senior Lecturer, University of Canberra, School of Nursing, Midwifery and Public Health,
| | - Luke Yokota
- Inaugural Chair, Australian College of Nursing, Men in Nursing Working Party,
| | - Joel Zugai
- Lecturer, The University of Notre Dame, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Midwifery and Health Sciences,
| | - Yenna Salamonson
- Professor, Western Sydney University, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith NSW 2751, , Twitter: @salamonson
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ireland CJ, Gordon AL, Thompson SK, Watson DI, Whiteman DC, Reed RL, Esterman A. Validation of a risk prediction model for Barrett's esophagus in an Australian population. Clin Exp Gastroenterol 2018; 11:135-142. [PMID: 29628770 PMCID: PMC5878665 DOI: 10.2147/ceg.s158627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Esophageal adenocarcinoma is a disease that has a high mortality rate, the only known precursor being Barrett's esophagus (BE). While screening for BE is not cost-effective at the population level, targeted screening might be beneficial. We have developed a risk prediction model to identify people with BE, and here we present the external validation of this model. Materials and methods A cohort study was undertaken to validate a risk prediction model for BE. Individuals with endoscopy and histopathology proven BE completed a questionnaire containing variables previously identified as risk factors for this condition. Their responses were combined with data from a population sample for analysis. Risk scores were derived for each participant. Overall performance of the risk prediction model in terms of calibration and discrimination was assessed. Results Scores from 95 individuals with BE and 636 individuals from the general population were analyzed. The Brier score was 0.118, suggesting reasonable overall performance. The area under the receiver operating characteristic was 0.83 (95% CI 0.78-0.87). The Hosmer-Lemeshow statistic was p=0.14. Minimizing false positives and false negatives, the model achieved a sensitivity of 74% and a specificity of 73%. Conclusion This study has validated a risk prediction model for BE that has a higher sensitivity than previous models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Colin J Ireland
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Division of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Andrea L Gordon
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, Division of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Sarah K Thompson
- Discipline of Surgery, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - David I Watson
- Department of Surgery, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
| | - David C Whiteman
- Population Health Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Richard L Reed
- Discipline of General Practice, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
| | - Adrian Esterman
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Division of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ireland CJ, Fielder AL, Thompson SK, Laws TA, Watson DI, Esterman A. Development of a risk prediction model for Barrett's esophagus in an Australian population. Dis Esophagus 2017; 30:1-8. [PMID: 28881896 DOI: 10.1093/dote/dox033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Esophageal adenocarcinoma has poor 5-year survival rates. Increased survival might be achieved with earlier treatment, but requires earlier identification of the precursor, Barrett's esophagus. Population screening is not cost effective, this may be improved by targeted screening directed at individuals more likely to have Barrett's esophagus. To develop a risk prediction tool for Barrett's esophagus, this study compared individuals with Barrett's esophagus against population controls. Participants completed a questionnaire comprising 35 questions addressing medical history, symptom history, lifestyle factors, anthropomorphic measures, and demographic details. Statistical analysis addressed differences between cases and controls, and entailed initial variable selection, checking of model assumptions, and establishing calibration and discrimination. The area under the curve (AUC) was used to assess overall accuracy. One hundred and twenty individuals with Barrett's esophagus and 235 population controls completed the questionnaire. Significant differences were identified for age, gender, reflux history, family reflux history, history of hypertension, alcoholic drinks per week, and body mass index. These were used to develop a risk prediction model. The AUC was 0.82 (95% CI 0.78-0.87). Good calibration between predicted and observed risk was noted (Hosmer-Lemeshow test P = 0.67). At the point minimizing false positives and false negatives, the model achieved a sensitivity of 84.96% and a specificity of 66%. A well-calibrated risk prediction model with good discrimination has been developed to identify patients with Barrett's esophagus. The model needs to be externally validated before consideration for clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - A L Fielder
- Schools of Nursing and Midwifery.,Pharmacy and Medical Science, University of South Australia
| | - S K Thompson
- Discipline of Surgery, University of Adelaide, Adelaide
| | - T A Laws
- Schools of Nursing and Midwifery.,School of Nursing and Midwifery, Keele University, Keele, UK
| | - D I Watson
- Department of Surgery, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia
| | - A Esterman
- Schools of Nursing and Midwifery.,Centre for Chronic Disease Prevention, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland
| |
Collapse
|