1
|
Waldrop MA, Chagat S, Storey M, Meyer A, Iammarino M, Reash N, Alfano L, Lowes L, Noritz G, Prochoroff A, Rossman I, Ginsberg M, Mosher K, Broomall E, Bass N, Gushue C, Kotha K, Paul G, Shell R, Tsao CY, Mendell JR, Connolly AM. Continued safety and long-term effectiveness of onasemnogene abeparvovec in Ohio. Neuromuscul Disord 2024; 34:41-48. [PMID: 38142474 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2023.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
5q spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is an autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disease caused by absence of the SMN1 gene with three FDA approved genetic therapies which significantly improve outcomes. The AAV9 mediated gene replacement therapy, onasemnogene abeparvovec, has the greatest potential for side effects. Here we report the safety and outcomes from 46 children treated with onasemnogene abeparvovec in the state of Ohio between December 2018 and January 2023. In our cohort, onasemnogene abeparvovec treatment remained safe and no child experienced any significant adverse events, including thrombotic microangiopathy, liver failure or death. All children experienced benefit, although the benefit in those with 2 copies of SMN2 was variable. 79 % of the children treated when symptomatic had a SMN2 modifying therapy added on. With careful screening and post treatment monitoring, onasemnogene abeparvovec is safe and effective for children with SMA in the state of Ohio, but more work needs to be done to ensure optimal outcomes for all children with 2 copies of SMN2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Megan A Waldrop
- Center for Gene Therapy, Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus OH, 43205, USA; Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus OH, 43205, USA.
| | - Shannon Chagat
- Department of Neurology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - Michael Storey
- Department of Pharmacy, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - Alayne Meyer
- Center for Gene Therapy, Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus OH, 43205, USA
| | - Megan Iammarino
- Center for Gene Therapy, Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus OH, 43205, USA
| | - Natalie Reash
- Center for Gene Therapy, Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus OH, 43205, USA
| | - Lindsay Alfano
- Center for Gene Therapy, Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus OH, 43205, USA
| | - Linda Lowes
- Center for Gene Therapy, Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus OH, 43205, USA
| | - Garey Noritz
- Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - Andre Prochoroff
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Metro Health, Cleveland OH, USA
| | - Ian Rossman
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron OH, USA
| | - Matthew Ginsberg
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron OH, USA
| | - Kathryn Mosher
- Department of Pediatric Physiatry, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron OH, USA
| | - Eileen Broomall
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati OH, USA
| | - Nancy Bass
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland OH, USA
| | - Courtney Gushue
- Departments of Pediatrics and Pulmonology, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus OH 43205, USA
| | - Kavitha Kotha
- Departments of Pediatrics and Pulmonology, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus OH 43205, USA
| | - Grace Paul
- Departments of Pediatrics and Pulmonology, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus OH 43205, USA
| | - Richard Shell
- Departments of Pediatrics and Pulmonology, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus OH 43205, USA
| | - Chang-Yong Tsao
- Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus OH, 43205, USA
| | - Jerry R Mendell
- Center for Gene Therapy, Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus OH, 43205, USA; Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus OH, 43205, USA
| | - Anne M Connolly
- Center for Gene Therapy, Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus OH, 43205, USA; Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus OH, 43205, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sheikh S, Ho ML, Eisner M, Gushue C, Paul G, Holtzlander M, Johnson T, McCoy KS, Lind M. Elexacaftor-Tezacaftor-Ivacaftor Therapy for Chronic Sinus Disease in Cystic Fibrosis. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2023; 149:1075-1082. [PMID: 37676668 PMCID: PMC10485743 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoto.2023.2701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Importance Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a multiorgan genetic disease with progressive upper and lower airway involvement. The effects of CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modifier therapies on CF-related upper airway disease, specifically chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), are not characterized. Objective To determine the outcome of elexacaftor-tezacaftor-ivacaftor (ETI) on CRS as measured by changes in sinus computed tomography (CT) metrics and on clinical parameters in individuals with CF. Design, Setting, and Participants This prospective longitudinal cohort study was conducted at the CF center of a tertiary care hospital between October 1, 2019, and July 31, 2021. A total of 64 participants with CF were included in the analysis. Intervention Sinus CT was obtained within 1 month of initiation of ETI therapy (baseline), and within 1 month of 1 year of ETI therapy. Images were independently analyzed by pulmonology, radiology, and otolaryngology physicians, using the Lund-Mackay and Sheikh-Lind scoring systems. Percent predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 second (ppFEV1), body mass index (BMI), and microbiologic data collected at initiation of ETI therapy and 3-month intervals for 1 year were also measured. Main Outcomes and Measures The study hypothesis was that ETI therapy will improve CRS as measured by changes in sinus CT at initiation and 1 year after ETI therapy and clinical parameters in individuals with CF. Results Among the 64 participants (39 [60.9%] female; median age, 18.5 [IQR, 16.0-28.5] years; 64 [100%] White), improvement in CRS was noted by improvements in sinus CT scans using both sinus CT scoring systems after 1 year of ETI therapy. The reduction in the median total score using the Lund-Mackay sinus CT scoring system (from 5.8 [IQR, 5.0-7.0] to 3.3 [IQR, 2.6-4.2]) and the Sheikh-Lind scoring system (from 3.8 [IQR, 3.0-5.0] to 2.2 [IQR, 2.0-2.5]) was noted. Increases in ppFEV1 and BMI were also observed by 3 months of ETI therapy with persistent improvement through 1 year of treatment. Similarly, after 1 year of ETI therapy, participants with CF had reductions in positivity for Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus in oropharyngeal cultures. Conclusion and Relevance This cohort study found that use of ETI therapy was associated with improved CRS outcomes in participants with CF as quantified by improved sinus CT scans measured by 2 radiographic scoring systems and was also associated with improved clinical outcomes. Despite improvement in CT scan scores, most people with CF continue to have scores that indicate severe sinus disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shahid Sheikh
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
- Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Mai-Lan Ho
- Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
- Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus
| | - Mariah Eisner
- Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
- Biostatistics Resource, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Courtney Gushue
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
- Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Grace Paul
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
- Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Melissa Holtzlander
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
- Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Terri Johnson
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
- Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Karen S. McCoy
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
- Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Meredith Lind
- Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gushue C, Eisner M, Bai S, Johnson T, Holtzlander M, McCoy K, Sheikh S. Impact of Elexacaftor-Tezacaftor-Ivacaftor on lung disease in cystic fibrosis. Pediatr Pulmonol 2023. [PMID: 37222417 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.26485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF), the impact of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulator therapies, such as Elexacaftor-Tezacaftor-Ivacaftor (ETI), on structural changes in the lungs is unclear. OBJECTIVE To determine the impact of ETI on clinical parameters and on structural lung disease as measured by the changes in the chest computed tomography (CT) scans in pwCF. METHODS Percent predicted forced expiratory volume in one second (ppFEV1), body mass index (BMI), and microbiologic data were collected at initiation and 3-month intervals for 1 year. Chest CT scans before starting ETI therapy (baseline) and at 1-year on ETI therapy were compared by two pulmonologists independently. RESULTS The sample size was 67 pwCF, 30 (44.8%) males, median age of 25 (16, 33.5) years. Significant increases in ppFEV1 and BMI observed by 3 months of ETI therapy persisted throughout 1 year of ETI therapy (p < 0.001 at all-time points for both). After 1 year on ETI, pwCF had significant reductions in Pseudomonas aeruginosa (-42%) and MRSA (-42%) positivity. None of the pwCF had worsening of chest CT parameters during 1 year of ETI therapy. Comparing chest CT findings at baseline and at 1-year follow-up, bronchiectasis was present in 65 (97%) pwCF and at 1-year follow-up decreased in 7 (11%). Bronchial wall thickening 64 (97%), decreased in 53 (79%). Mucous plugging in 63 (96%), absent in 11 (17%), and decreased in 50 (77%). Hyperinflation/air trapping in 44 (67%), decreased in 11 (18%), absent in 27 (44%) CONCLUSIONS: ETI significantly improved clinical outcomes and lung disease as documented by improvement in chest CT scans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Courtney Gushue
- Departments of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Mariah Eisner
- Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Biostatistics Resource, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Shasha Bai
- Biostatistics Resource, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Terri Johnson
- Departments of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Melissa Holtzlander
- Departments of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Karen McCoy
- Departments of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Shahid Sheikh
- Departments of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sheikh S, Britt RD, Ryan-Wenger NA, Khan AQ, Lewis BW, Gushue C, Ozuna H, Jaganathan D, McCoy K, Kopp BT. Impact of elexacaftor-tezacaftor-ivacaftor on bacterial colonization and inflammatory responses in cystic fibrosis. Pediatr Pulmonol 2023; 58:825-833. [PMID: 36444736 PMCID: PMC9957929 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.26261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a multisystem disease with progressive deterioration. Recently, CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulator therapies were introduced that repair underlying protein defects. Objective of this study was to determine the impact of elexacaftor-tezacaftor-ivacaftor (ETI) on clinical parameters and inflammatory responses in people with CF (pwCF). METHODS Lung function (FEV1 ), body mass index (BMI) and microbiologic data were collected at initiation and 3-month intervals for 1 year. Blood was analyzed at baseline and 6 months for cytokines and immune cell populations via flow cytometry and compared to non-CF controls. RESULTS Sample size was 48 pwCF, 28 (58.3%) males with a mean age of 28.8 ± 10.7 years. Significant increases in %predicted FEV1 and BMI were observed through 6 months of ETI therapy with no change thereafter. Changes in FEV1 and BMI at 3 months were significantly correlated (r = 57.2, p < 0.01). There were significant reductions in Pseudomonas and Staphylococcus positivity (percent of total samples) in pwCF through 12 months of ETI treatment. Healthy controls (n = 20) had significantly lower levels of circulating neutrophils, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and IL-17A and higher levels of IL-13 compared to pwCF at baseline (n = 48). After 6 months of ETI, pwCF had significant decreases in IL-8, IL-6, and IL-17A levels and normalization of peripheral blood immune cell composition. CONCLUSIONS In pwCF, ETI significantly improved clinical outcomes, reduced systemic pro-inflammatory cytokines, and restored circulating immune cell composition after 6 months of therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shahid Sheikh
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio USA
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio USA
| | - Rodney D. Britt
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio USA
- Center for Perinatal Research, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio USA
| | - Nancy A. Ryan-Wenger
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio USA
| | - Aiman Q. Khan
- Center for Perinatal Research, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio USA
| | - Brandon W. Lewis
- Center for Perinatal Research, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio USA
| | - Courtney Gushue
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio USA
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio USA
| | - Hazel Ozuna
- Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio USA
| | - Devi Jaganathan
- Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio USA
| | - Karen McCoy
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio USA
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio USA
| | - Benjamin T. Kopp
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio USA
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio USA
- Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Paul GR, Gushue C, Kotha K, Shell R. The respiratory impact of novel therapies for spinal muscular atrophy. Pediatr Pulmonol 2021; 56:721-728. [PMID: 33098622 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.25135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The phenotype of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) has been changing with the recent availability of three FDA-approved treatments: intrathecal nusinersen, intravenous onasemnogene abeparvovec-xioi, and enteral risdiplam. The degree of improvement in muscle strength and respiratory health varies with SMA genotype, severity of baseline neuromuscular and pulmonary impairment, medication used, and timing of the first dose. A spectrum of pulmonary outcomes has been reported with these novel medications when used early and in conjunction with proactive multidisciplinary management of comorbidities. In this review, we summarize the reported impact of these novel therapies on pulmonary well-being and the improving trajectory of pulmonary morbidity, compared to the natural history of SMA. The importance of ongoing clinical monitoring albeit the improved phenotype is reiterated. We also discuss the limitations of the current SMA-therapy trials and offer suggestions for future clinical-outcome studies and long-term monitoring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Grace R Paul
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital and The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Courtney Gushue
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Kavitha Kotha
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital and The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Richard Shell
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital and The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Gushue C, Miller R, Sheikh S, Allen ED, Tobias JD, Hayes D, Tumin D. Gaps in health insurance coverage and emergency department use among children with asthma. J Asthma 2018; 56:1070-1078. [PMID: 30365346 DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2018.1523929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Background: Gaps in health insurance coverage may complicate asthma management and increase emergency department (ED) use. Using two nationally-representative surveys, we characterize the prevalence of coverage gaps among children with asthma, and describe their association with ED visits in this population. Methods: De-identified data were obtained from the 2016 National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH) and National Health Interview Survey (NHIS). Among children with asthma, we classified coverage over the past year as: (1) continuous private, (2) continuous public, (3) gap in coverage, and (4) continuously uninsured. The primary outcome was all-cause ED visits in the past year (both surveys). Secondary outcomes included unmet health care needs (NSCH), asthma-related ED visits or hospitalizations (NHIS) and asthma exacerbations (NHIS). Results: The analysis included 3739 (NSCH) and 854 (NHIS) children with asthma, representing a population of 5.5 million children in the US. Estimated prevalence of coverage gaps was 5% in the NSCH and 3% in the NHIS. On multivariable ordinal logistic regression using NSCH data, coverage gaps were associated with increased all-cause ED use (OR = 2.5; 95% CI: 1.3, 4.7, p = 0.005), compared to continuous private coverage. Further analysis confirmed higher odds of unmet health care needs, asthma exacerbations, and asthma-related ED visits among children with coverage gaps. Conclusions: Children with asthma who experience insurance coverage gaps have increased ED use, possibly related to poorer access to appropriate health care. Protecting insurance coverage continuity may reduce ED use and improve clinical outcomes in this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Courtney Gushue
- Section of Pulmonary Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Rebecca Miller
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Shahid Sheikh
- Section of Pulmonary Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Elizabeth D Allen
- Section of Pulmonary Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Joseph D Tobias
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Don Hayes
- Section of Pulmonary Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Dmitry Tumin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|