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Laing CC, Kim D, Park J, Shen J, Hadar I, Hoffman JM, He J, Shin B, Wolverton C, Kanatzidis MG. Solution-processable mixed-anion cluster chalcohalide Rb 6Re 6S 8I 8 in a light-emitting diode. Nat Mater 2024; 23:230-236. [PMID: 38172544 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-023-01740-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Rhenium chalcohalide cluster compounds are a photoluminescent family of mixed-anion chalcohalide cluster materials. Here we report the new material Rb6Re6S8I8, which crystallizes in the cubic space group Fm[Formula: see text]m and contains isolated [Re6S8I6]4- clusters. Rb6Re6S8I8 has a band gap of 2.06(5) eV and an ionization energy of 5.51(3) eV, and exhibits broad photoluminescence (PL) ranging from 1.01 eV to 2.12 eV. The room-temperature PL exhibits a PL quantum yield of 42.7% and a PL lifetime of 77 μs (99 μs at 77 K). Rb6Re6S8I8 is found to be soluble in multiple polar solvents including N,N-dimethylformamide, which enables solution processing of the material into films with thickness under 150 nm. Light-emitting diodes based on films of Rb6Re6S8I8 were fabricated, demonstrating the potential for this family of materials in optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig C Laing
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Daehan Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Jinu Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiahong Shen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Ido Hadar
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Justin M Hoffman
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- X-Ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | - Jiangang He
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Byungha Shin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chris Wolverton
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Mercouri G Kanatzidis
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA.
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Cuthriell SA, Panuganti S, Laing CC, Quintero MA, Guzelturk B, Yazdani N, Traore B, Brumberg A, Malliakas CD, Lindenberg AM, Wood V, Katan C, Even J, Zhang X, Kanatzidis MG, Schaller RD. Nonequilibrium Lattice Dynamics in Photoexcited 2D Perovskites. Adv Mater 2022; 34:e2202709. [PMID: 36062547 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202202709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Interplay between structural and photophysical properties of metal halide perovskites is critical to their utility in optoelectronics, but there is limited understanding of lattice response upon photoexcitation. Here, 2D perovskites butylammonium lead iodide, (BA)2 PbI4 , and phenethylammonium lead iodide, (PEA)2 PbI4 , are investigated using ultrafast transient X-ray diffraction as a function of optical excitation fluence to discern structural dynamics. Both powder X-ray diffraction and time-resolved photoluminescence linewidths narrow over 1 ns following optical excitation for the fluence range studied, concurrent with slight redshifting of the optical bandgaps. These observations are attributed to transient relaxation and ordering of distorted lead iodide octahedra stimulated mainly by electron-hole pair creation. The c axis expands up to 0.37% over hundreds of picoseconds; reflections sampling the a and b axes undergo one tenth of this expansion with the same timescale. Post-photoexcitation appearance of the (110) reflection in (BA)2 PbI4 would suggest a transient phase transition, however, through new single-crystal XRD, reflections are found that violate glide plane conditions in the reported Pbca structure. The static structure space group is reassigned as P21 21 21 . With this, a nonequilibrium phase transition is ruled out. These findings offer increased understanding of remarkable lattice response in 2D perovskites upon excitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelby A Cuthriell
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 N. Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Shobhana Panuganti
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 N. Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Craig C Laing
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 N. Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Michael A Quintero
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 N. Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Burak Guzelturk
- X-Ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Nuri Yazdani
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
- Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland
| | - Boubacar Traore
- Univ Rennes, ENSCR, INSA Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR 6226, Rennes, F-35000, France
| | - Alexandra Brumberg
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 N. Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Christos D Malliakas
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 N. Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Aaron M Lindenberg
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Vanessa Wood
- Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland
| | - Claudine Katan
- Univ Rennes, ENSCR, INSA Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR 6226, Rennes, F-35000, France
| | - Jacky Even
- Univ Rennes, INSA Rennes, CNRS, Institut FOTON - UMR 6082, Rennes, F-35000, France
| | - Xiaoyi Zhang
- X-Ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Mercouri G Kanatzidis
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 N. Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Richard D Schaller
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 N. Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
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Friedrich D, Quintero MA, Hao S, Laing CC, Wolverton C, Kanatzidis MG. AInSn 2S 6 ( A = K, Rb, Cs)─Layered Semiconductors Based on the SnS 2 Structure. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:13525-13531. [PMID: 35960253 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c02157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
RbInSn2S6 and CsInSn2S6 are yellow two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors featuring anionic SnS2-type layers of edge-sharing (In/Sn)S6 octahedra. These structures are directly derived from the parent structure of SnS2 by replacement of Sn4+ atoms with A+ and In3+ atoms. The compounds crystallize, isotypic to the ion-exchange material KInSn2S6. They adopt the triclinic space group R3̅m (no. 166). The compounds have similar indirect optical band gaps of 2.31(5) eV for Rb and 2.47(5) eV Cs. The measured work functions for each material are ∼5.38 eV. The density functional theory-calculated effective mass values exhibit strong anisotropy due to the 2D nature of the crystal structures and in the case of CsInSn2S6 for hole carriers along the a, b, and c crystallographic directions are 0.30 m0, 0.34 m0, and 2.54 m0, respectively, while for electrons are 0.06 m0, 0.07 m0, and 0.47 m0, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Friedrich
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Michael A Quintero
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Shiqiang Hao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Craig C Laing
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Christopher Wolverton
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Mercouri G Kanatzidis
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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Quintero MA, Shen J, Laing CC, Wolverton C, Kanatzidis MG. Cubic Stuffed-Diamond Semiconductors LiCu 3TiQ 4 (Q = S, Se, and Te). J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:12789-12799. [PMID: 35797169 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c03501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Lithium chalcogenides have been understudied, owing to the difficulty in managing the chemical reactivity of lithium. These materials are of interest as potential ion conductors and thermal neutron detectors. In this study, we describe three new cubic lithium copper chalcotitanates that crystallize in the P4̅3m space group. LiCu3TiS4, a = 5.5064(6) Å, and LiCu3TiSe4, a = 5.7122(7) Å, represent two members of a new stuffed diamond-type crystal structure, while LiCu3TiTe4, a = 5.9830(7) Å crystallized into a similar structure exhibiting lithium and copper mixed occupancy. These structures can be understood as hybrids of the zinc-blende and sulvanite structure types. In situ powder X-ray diffraction was utilized to construct a "panoramic" reaction map for the preparation of LiCu3TiTe4, facilitating the design of a rational synthesis and uncovering three new transient phases. LiCu3TiS4 and LiCu3TiSe4 are thermally stable up to 1000 °C under vacuum, while LiCu3TiTe4 partially decomposes when slowly cooled to 400 °C. Density functional theory calculations suggest that these compounds are indirect band gap semiconductors. The measured work functions are 4.77(5), 4.56(5), and 4.69(5) eV, and the measured band gaps are 2.23(5), 1.86(5), and 1.34(5) eV for the S, Se, and Te analogues, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Quintero
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Jiahong Shen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Craig C Laing
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Christopher Wolverton
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Mercouri G Kanatzidis
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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McClain R, Laing CC, Shen J, Wolverton C, Kanatzidis MG. Mixed Anion Semiconductor In 8S 2.82Te 6.18(Te 2) 3. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:9040-9046. [PMID: 35658449 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c00265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The new heteroanionic compound In8S2.82Te6.18(Te2)3 crystallizes in the monoclinic space group C2/c with lattice parameters a = 14.2940(6) Å, b = 14.3092(4) Å, c = 14.1552(6) Å, and β = 90.845(3)°. The three-dimensional (3D) framework of In8S2.82Te6.18(Te2)3 is composed of a complex 3D network of corner-connected InQ4 tetrahedra with three Te22- dumbbell dimers per formula unit. The optical bandgap is 1.12(2) eV and the work function is 5.15(5) eV. First-principles electronic structure calculations using density functional theory (DFT) indicate that this material has potential as a p-type thermoelectric material as it is a narrow bandgap semiconductor, incorporates several heavy elements, and has multiple overlapping bands near the valence band maximum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca McClain
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Chicago, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Craig C Laing
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Chicago, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Jiahong Shen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Chicago, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Christopher Wolverton
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Chicago, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Mercouri G Kanatzidis
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Chicago, Illinois 60208, United States
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