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Tannous C, Ghali R, Karoui A, Habeichi NJ, Amin G, Booz GW, Mericskay M, Refaat M, Zouein FA. Nicotinamide Riboside Supplementation Restores Myocardial Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Levels, Improves Survival, and Promotes Protective Environment Post Myocardial Infarction. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2023:10.1007/s10557-023-07525-1. [PMID: 37999834 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-023-07525-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Myocardial infarction (MI) is a major cause of death. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is a coenzyme in oxidative phosphorylation and substrate of sirtuins and poly-ADP ribose polymerases, enzymes critical for cardiac remodeling post-MI. Decreased NAD+ is reported in several heart failure models with paradoxically an upregulation of nicotinamide riboside kinase 2, which uses nicotinamide riboside (NR) as substrate in an NAD+ biosynthetic pathway. We hypothesized that stimulating nicotinamide riboside kinase 2 pathway by NR supplementation exerts cardioprotective effects. METHODS AND RESULTS MI was induced by LAD ligation in 2-3-month-old male mice. NR was administered daily (1 µmole/g body weight) over 7 days. RT-PCR showed a 60-fold increase in nicotinamide riboside kinase 2 expression 4 days post-MI with a 60% drop in myocardial NAD+ and overall survival of 61%. NR restored NAD+ levels and improved survival to 92%. Assessment of respiration in cardiac fibers revealed mitochondrial dysfunction post-MI, and NR improved complexes II and IV activities and citrate synthase activity, a measure of mitochondrial content. Additionally, NR reduced elevated PARP1 levels and activated a type 2 cytokine milieu in the damaged heart, consistent with reduced early inflammatory and pro-fibrotic response. CONCLUSION Our data show that nicotinamide riboside could be useful for MI management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Tannous
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Riad El-Solh, Beirut, 1107 2020, Lebanon
- Department of Signaling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, UMR-S 1180, Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, 17 avenue des Sciences, 91 400, Orsay, France
- The Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Excellence, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Riad El-Solh, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rana Ghali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Riad El-Solh, Beirut, 1107 2020, Lebanon
- The Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Excellence, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Riad El-Solh, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ahmed Karoui
- Department of Signaling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, UMR-S 1180, Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, 17 avenue des Sciences, 91 400, Orsay, France
| | - Nada J Habeichi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Riad El-Solh, Beirut, 1107 2020, Lebanon
- Department of Signaling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, UMR-S 1180, Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, 17 avenue des Sciences, 91 400, Orsay, France
- The Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Excellence, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Riad El-Solh, Beirut, Lebanon
- MatriceLab Innove Laboratory, Immeuble Les Gemeaux, 2 Rue Antoine Etex, 94000 Creteil, France
| | - Ghadir Amin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Riad El-Solh, Beirut, 1107 2020, Lebanon
- The Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Excellence, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Riad El-Solh, Beirut, Lebanon
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - George W Booz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Mathias Mericskay
- Department of Signaling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, UMR-S 1180, Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, 17 avenue des Sciences, 91 400, Orsay, France.
| | - Marwan Refaat
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Fouad A Zouein
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Riad El-Solh, Beirut, 1107 2020, Lebanon.
- Department of Signaling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, UMR-S 1180, Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, 17 avenue des Sciences, 91 400, Orsay, France.
- The Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Excellence, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Riad El-Solh, Beirut, Lebanon.
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA.
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Habeichi NJ, Tannous C, Yabluchanskiy A, Altara R, Mericskay M, Booz GW, Zouein FA. Insights into the modulation of the interferon response and NAD + in the context of COVID-19. Int Rev Immunol 2022; 41:464-474. [PMID: 34378474 DOI: 10.1080/08830185.2021.1961768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has resulted in dramatic worldwide mortality. Along with developing vaccines, the medical profession is exploring new strategies to curb this pandemic. A better understanding of the molecular consequences of SARS-CoV-2 cellular infection could lead to more effective and safer treatments. This review discusses the potential underlying impact of SARS-CoV-2 in modulating interferon (IFN) secretion and in causing mitochondrial NAD+ depletion that could be directly linked to COVID-19's deadly manifestations. What is known or surmised about an imbalanced innate immune response and mitochondrial dysfunction post-SARS-CoV-2 infection, and the potential benefits of well-timed IFN treatments and NAD+ boosting therapies in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada J Habeichi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut Faculty of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon.,Department of Signaling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, UMR-S 1180, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Cynthia Tannous
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut Faculty of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Andriy Yabluchanskiy
- Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Raffaele Altara
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,KG Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Mathias Mericskay
- Department of Signaling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, UMR-S 1180, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - George W Booz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Fouad A Zouein
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut Faculty of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon
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Chaaban I, Hafez H, AlZaim I, Tannous C, Ragab H, Hazzaa A, Ketat S, Ghoneim A, Katary M, Abd-Alhaseeb MM, Zouein FA, Albohy A, Amer AN, El-Yazbi AF, Belal ASF. Transforming iodoquinol into broad spectrum anti-tumor leads: Repurposing to modulate redox homeostasis. Bioorg Chem 2021; 113:105035. [PMID: 34091287 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We managed to repurpose the old drug iodoquinol to a series of novel anticancer 7-iodo-quinoline-5,8-diones. Twelve compounds were identified as inhibitors of moderate to high potency on an inhouse MCF-7 cell line, of which 2 compounds (5 and 6) were capable of reducing NAD level in MCF-7 cells in concentrations equivalent to half of their IC50s, potentially due to NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1) inhibition. The same 2 compounds (5 and 6) were capable of reducing p53 expression and increasing reactive oxygen species levels, which further supports the NQO-1 inhibitory activity. Furthermore, 4 compounds (compounds 5-7 and 10) were qualified by the Development Therapeutic Program (DTP) division of the National Cancer Institute (NCI) for full panel five-dose in vitro assay to determine their GI50 on the 60 cell lines. All five compounds showed broad spectrum sub-micromolar to single digit micromolar GI50 against a wide range of cell lines. Cell cycle analysis and dual staining assays with annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide on MCF-7 cells confirmed the capability of the most active compound (compound 5) to induce cell cycle arrest at Pre-G1 and G2/M phases as well as apoptosis. Both cell cycle arrest and apoptosis were affirmed at the molecular level by the ability of compound 5 to enhance the expression levels of caspase-3 and Bax together with suppressing that of CDK1 and Bcl-2. Additionally, an anti-angiogenic effect was evident with compound 5 as supported by the decreased expression of VEGF. Interesting binding modes within NQO-1 active site had been identified and confirmed by both molecular docking and dymanic experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Chaaban
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21521, Egypt
| | - Haidy Hafez
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21521, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim AlZaim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Centre, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Cynthia Tannous
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Centre, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hanan Ragab
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21521, Egypt
| | - Aly Hazzaa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21521, Egypt
| | - Salma Ketat
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22516, Egypt
| | - Asser Ghoneim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22516, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Katary
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22516, Egypt
| | - Mohammad M Abd-Alhaseeb
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22516, Egypt
| | - Fouad A Zouein
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Centre, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Amgad Albohy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt (BUE), El-Sherouk City, Suez Desert Road, Cairo 11837, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Noby Amer
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharos University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ahmed F El-Yazbi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Centre, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21521, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed S F Belal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21521, Egypt.
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Tannous C, Deloux R, Karoui A, Mougenot N, Burkin D, Blanc J, Coletti D, Lavery G, Li Z, Mericskay M. NMRK2 Gene Is Upregulated in Dilated Cardiomyopathy and Required for Cardiac Function and NAD Levels during Aging. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3534. [PMID: 33805532 PMCID: PMC8036583 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a disease of multifactorial etiologies, the risk of which is increased by male sex and age. There are few therapeutic options for patients with DCM who would benefit from identification of common targetable pathways. We used bioinformatics to identify the Nmrk2 gene involved in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotde (NAD) coenzyme biosynthesis as activated in different mouse models and in hearts of human patients with DCM while the Nampt gene controlling a parallel pathway is repressed. A short NMRK2 protein isoform is also known as muscle integrin binding protein (MIBP) binding the α7β1 integrin complex. We investigated the cardiac phenotype of Nmrk2-KO mice to establish its role in cardiac remodeling and function. Young Nmrk2-KO mice developed an eccentric type of cardiac hypertrophy in response to pressure overload rather than the concentric hypertrophy observed in controls. Nmrk2-KO mice developed a progressive DCM-like phenotype with aging, associating eccentric remodeling of the left ventricle and a decline in ejection fraction and showed a reduction in myocardial NAD levels at 24 months. In agreement with involvement of NMRK2 in integrin signaling, we observed a defect in laminin deposition in the basal lamina of cardiomyocytes leading to increased fibrosis at middle age. The α7 integrin was repressed at both transcript and protein level at 24 months. Nmrk2 gene is required to preserve cardiac structure and function, and becomes an important component of the NAD biosynthetic pathways during aging. Molecular characterization of compounds modulating this pathway may have therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Tannous
- Inserm Unit UMR-S 1180 CARPAT, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Paris-Saclay, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France; (C.T.); (R.D.); (A.K.)
- INSERM Unit U1164 / CNRS UMR 8256, Biologie de l’Adaptation et du Vieillissement, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Sorbonne Université, 75006 Paris, France; (J.B.); (D.C.); (Z.L.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon
| | - Robin Deloux
- Inserm Unit UMR-S 1180 CARPAT, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Paris-Saclay, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France; (C.T.); (R.D.); (A.K.)
| | - Ahmed Karoui
- Inserm Unit UMR-S 1180 CARPAT, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Paris-Saclay, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France; (C.T.); (R.D.); (A.K.)
| | - Nathalie Mougenot
- Plateau d’Expérimentation Cœur, Muscle, Vaisseaux PECMV, UMS28, Sorbonne Université, 75013 Paris, France;
| | - Dean Burkin
- Department of Pharmacology, Reno School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89102, USA;
| | - Jocelyne Blanc
- INSERM Unit U1164 / CNRS UMR 8256, Biologie de l’Adaptation et du Vieillissement, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Sorbonne Université, 75006 Paris, France; (J.B.); (D.C.); (Z.L.)
| | - Dario Coletti
- INSERM Unit U1164 / CNRS UMR 8256, Biologie de l’Adaptation et du Vieillissement, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Sorbonne Université, 75006 Paris, France; (J.B.); (D.C.); (Z.L.)
| | - Gareth Lavery
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, 2nd Floor IBR Tower, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK;
| | - Zhenlin Li
- INSERM Unit U1164 / CNRS UMR 8256, Biologie de l’Adaptation et du Vieillissement, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Sorbonne Université, 75006 Paris, France; (J.B.); (D.C.); (Z.L.)
| | - Mathias Mericskay
- Inserm Unit UMR-S 1180 CARPAT, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Paris-Saclay, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France; (C.T.); (R.D.); (A.K.)
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Tannous C, Booz GW, Altara R, Muhieddine DH, Mericskay M, Refaat MM, Zouein FA. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide: Biosynthesis, consumption and therapeutic role in cardiac diseases. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2021; 231:e13551. [PMID: 32853469 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is an abundant cofactor that plays crucial roles in several cellular processes. NAD can be synthesized de novo starting with tryptophan, or from salvage pathways starting with NAD precursors like nicotinic acid (NA), nicotinamide (NAM) or nicotinamide riboside (NR), referred to as niacin/B3 vitamins, arising from dietary supply or from cellular NAD catabolism. Given the interconversion between its oxidized (NAD+ ) and reduced form (NADH), NAD participates in a wide range of reactions: regulation of cellular redox status, energy metabolism and mitochondrial biogenesis. Plus, NAD acts as a signalling molecule, being a cosubstrate for several enzymes such as sirtuins, poly-ADP-ribose-polymerases (PARPs) and some ectoenzymes like CD38, regulating critical biological processes like gene expression, DNA repair, calcium signalling and circadian rhythms. Given the large number of mitochondria present in cardiac tissue, the heart has the highest NAD levels and is one of the most metabolically demanding organs. In several models of heart failure, myocardial NAD levels are depressed and this depression is caused by mitochondrial dysfunction, metabolic remodelling and inflammation. Emerging evidence suggests that regulating NAD homeostasis by NAD precursor supplementation has therapeutic efficiency in improving myocardial bioenergetics and function. This review provides an overview of the latest understanding of the different NAD biosynthesis pathways, as well as its role as a signalling molecule particularly in cardiac tissue. We highlight the significance of preserving NAD equilibrium in various models of heart diseases and shed light on the potential pharmacological interventions aiming to use NAD boosters as therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Tannous
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty of Medicine American University of Beirut Medical Center Beirut Lebanon
| | - George W. Booz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Mississippi Medical Center Jackson MS USA
| | - Raffaele Altara
- Department of Pathology School of Medicine University of Mississippi Medical Center Jackson MS USA
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo Oslo Norway
- KG Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research University of Oslo Oslo Norway
| | - Dina H. Muhieddine
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty of Medicine American University of Beirut Medical Center Beirut Lebanon
| | - Mathias Mericskay
- INSERM Department of Signalling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology UMR‐S 1180 Université Paris‐Saclay Châtenay‐Malabry France
| | - Marwan M. Refaat
- Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of Medicine American University of Beirut Medical Center Beirut Lebanon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Faculty of Medicine American University of Beirut Medical Center Beirut Lebanon
| | - Fouad A. Zouein
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty of Medicine American University of Beirut Medical Center Beirut Lebanon
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Habeichi N, Mroueh A, Kaplan A, Ghali R, Al-Awassi H, Tannous C, Husari A, Jurjus A, Altara R, Booz G, El-Yazbi A, Zouein F. Sex-based differences in myocardial infarction-induced kidney damage following cigarette smoking exposure: more renal protection in premenopausal female mice. Biosci Rep 2020; 40:BSR20193229. [PMID: 32519752 PMCID: PMC7313446 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20193229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The impact of cigarette smoking (CS) on kidney homeostasis in the presence of myocardial infarction (MI) in both males and females remains poorly elucidated. C57BL6/J mice were exposed to 2 weeks of CS prior to MI induction followed by 1 week of CS exposure in order to investigate the impact of CS on kidney damage in the presence of MI. Cardiac hemodynamic analysis revealed a significant decrease in ejection fraction (EF) in CS-exposed MI male mice when compared with the relative female subjects, whereas cardiac output (CO) comparably decreased in CS-exposed MI mice of both sexes. Kidney structural alterations, including glomerular retraction, proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) cross-sectional area, and total renal fibrosis were more pronounced in CS-exposed MI male mice when compared with the relative female group. Although renal reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and glomerular DNA fragmentation significantly increased to the same extent in CS-exposed MI mice of both sexes, alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) significantly increased in CS-exposed MI male mice, only. Metabolically, nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) and nicotinamide riboside-1 (NMRK-1) substantially increased in CS-exposed MI female mice only, whereas sirtuin (SIRT)-1 and SIRT-3 substantially decreased in CS-exposed MI male mice compared with their relative female group. Additionally, renal NAD levels significantly decreased only in CS-exposed MI male mice. In conclusion, MI female mice exhibited pronounced renal protection following CS when compared with the relative male groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada J. Habeichi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut Faculty of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon
- INSERM Department of Signaling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology-UMR-S1180, University Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Ali Mroueh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut Faculty of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Abdullah Kaplan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut Faculty of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rana Ghali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut Faculty of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hiam Al-Awassi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut Faculty of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Cynthia Tannous
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut Faculty of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ahmad Husari
- Department of Internal Medicine, Respiratory Diseases and Sleep Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Abdo Jurjus
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Raffaele Altara
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- KG Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Pathology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, U.S.A
| | - George W. Booz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, U.S.A
| | - Ahmed El-Yazbi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut Faculty of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Fouad A. Zouein
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut Faculty of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon
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Deloux R, Tannous C, Karoui A, Mougenot N, Li Z, Mericksay M. P6274Role of the nicotinamide riboside kinase 2 in NAD metabolism in the heart in basal and pathological condition. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz746.0873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
NAD is a major coenzyme in energy metabolism and a substrate for SIRT1 and PARP1 enzymes involved in the response to energy and oxidative stress. We have shown the beneficial effects of nicotinamide riboside (NR), a new type of vitamin B3, on cardiac function and remodelling in a mouse model of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) triggered by deletion of the SRF transcription factor in the heart (Srf-HKO) (1). This functional improvement correlated with protection of NAD metabolism and a robust increase in cardiac expression of the Nicotinamide Riboside Kinase 2 (NMRK2) that phosphorylates NR to generate nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), an immediate precursor of NAD.
Purpose
We aim to understand the role of the NMRK2-mediated NAD biosynthetic pathway in the heart at baseline and in the DCM context.
Methods
We generated Nmrk2-KO mice that we bred with Srf-HKO to generate double KO mice (db-KO). We analysed cardiac function and remodelling by echocardiography and quantified myocardial NAD levels at baseline and following NR supplementation in food.
Results
Nmrk2KO mice developed a progressive eccentric remodelling of LV and decline in EF with aging. At 24-mo, we observed a reduction of myocardial NAD levels (−40% compared to wild type, p<0.05) and of LVEF (61%, SD 6.3% in Nmrk2-KO vs 78%, SD 1.5% in WT, p<0.05). To assess the contribution of cardiac Nmrk2 induction to NR response in DCM, we compared SrfH-KO and db-KO mice fed with control diet (CD) or NR supplemented diet for 40 days starting at young age (2-mo). NR reduced the extent of LV eccentric remodelling and drop in EF as well as the thinning of the LV posterior wall in both genotypes (2-way ANOVA, diet effect, p<0.01). Myocardial NAD levels were more reduced in db-KO mice under CD diet (−22% compared to control mice, p<0.05) than in Srf-HKO mice (−11%, non-significant), when we previously showed a 25% drop in myocardial NAD in aged SrfHKO mice (1). NR partially preserved cardiac NAD pool in db-KOmice (−10% compared to controls, non-significant). Parallel pathways for NMN synthesis were studied. Nampt gene expression was significantly repressed in db-KO mice fed with CD or NR diet compared to control mice (−50% in average, p<0.01), when there was only a trend toward lower expression in SrfHKO mice (−40% in average, p>0.05). Nmrk1 gene expression trended to increase in all groups compared to wild-type control mice.
Conclusion
We show that NMRK2 pathway plays a role in the maintenance of basal cardiac function and NAD levels when relying on the endogenous myocardial NR pool. In contrast, the beneficial effect of a therapeutic dose of NR is not affected by the lack of NMRK2 suggesting compensation by NMRK1 in the heart and/or that NR beneficial effects on cardiac function could be mediated through its action on systemic metabolism. Aging appears as an aggravating factor for the loss of myocardial NAD coenzyme in DCM.
Acknowledgement/Funding
Agence Nationale pour la Recherche, Fondation de France
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Affiliation(s)
- R Deloux
- INSERM-University Paris-Sud, Chatenay-Malabry, France
| | - C Tannous
- INSERM-University Paris-Sud, Chatenay-Malabry, France
| | - A Karoui
- INSERM-University Paris-Sud, Chatenay-Malabry, France
| | - N Mougenot
- University Pierre & Marie Curie Paris VI, Paris, France
| | - Z Li
- University Pierre & Marie Curie Paris VI, Paris, France
| | - M Mericksay
- INSERM-University Paris-Sud, Chatenay-Malabry, France
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Tannous C, Ghali R, Habeichi N, Jurjus A, Mericskay M, Refaat M, Zouein F. Abstract P2001: Nicotinamide Riboside the New Promising Drug of Myocardial Infarction Management. Hypertension 2019. [DOI: 10.1161/hyp.74.suppl_1.p2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction:
Myocardial infarction (MI) is the major cause of death worldwide. Nicotinamide-Adenine-Dinucleotide (NAD) is emerging as a metabolic target being a major coenzyme in mitochondrial oxidation and oxidative phosphorylation and a substrate of Sirtuins and PARPs, critical enzymes for cardiac remodeling. Altered NAD homeostasis is reported in several models of heart failure including MI with a striking upregulation of Nicotinamide-Riboside-Kinase2 (NMRK2) and a decrease of NAD levels. NMRK2 requires Nicotinamide Riboside (NR) as a substrate to produce NAD. In this study, we hypothesized that stimulating NMRK2 pathway by NR supplementation will upregulate NAD synthesis and subsequently improve metabolic state and cardiac function post-MI.
Methods:
MI was induced by the left anterior descending coronary artery ligation in 2-3 months old male mice. Echocardiography was performed at baseline, day 1, and day 4 following MI. At sacrifice, cardiac genes expression was evaluated by RT-qPCR and myocardial NAD levels were determined using a colorimetric assay. Histologically, Masson-Trichrome was performed on cardiac sections to assess cardiac fibrosis.
Results:
RT-qPCR analysis showed a 60 fold increase of Nmrk2 expression levels (P&it0.01) 4 days following MI. This upregulation was highlighted by the boost of NAD levels (708.81±79.83 pmoles/g of tissue in the MI-NR group vs 394.12 ±84.04 pmoles/g of tissue in the control group (p&it0.05)). Following MI, mitochondrial SIRT3 expression dropped by 40% and NR restored those levels which are critical for mitochondrial biogenesis. NR treatment markedly decreased the expression of PARP1 (1.22±0.34 in MI-NR group vs 2.69±0.45 in MI group (p&it0.05)), a well-known consumer of NAD. Histologically, fibrosis levels significantly dropped 4 days following NR treatment when compared to non-treated MI group (11±2,72 u.a vs 18±1,98 u.a, p&it0.05).
Conclusion:
NR treatment improves myocardial metabolic impairment, but not myocardial function, as early as 4 days following MI when compared to relative control groups. Additional experiments are underway to reveal the impact of NR treatment on cardiac remodeling and function at 7 days post-MI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rana Ghali
- American Univ of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
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Deloux R, Tannous C, Ferry A, Li Z, Mericskay M. Aged Nicotinamide Riboside Kinase 2 Deficient Mice Present an Altered Response to Endurance Exercise Training. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1290. [PMID: 30283350 PMCID: PMC6156423 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Skeletal muscle aging is marked by the development of a sarcopenic phenotype, a global decline of muscle energetic capacities, and an intolerance to exercise. Among the metabolic disorders involved in this syndrome, NAD metabolism was shown to be altered in skeletalmuscle, with an important role for the NAMPT enzyme recycling the nicotinamide precursor. An alternative pathway for NAD biosynthesis has been described for the nicotinamide riboside vitamin B3 precursor used by the NMRK kinases, including the striated muscle-specific NMRK2. Aim: With this study, our goal is to explore the ability of 16-month-old Nmrk2−/− mice to perform endurance exercise and study the consequences on muscle adaptation to exercise. Methods: 10 control and 6 Nmrk2−/− mice were used and randomly assigned to sedentary and treadmill endurance training groups. After 9 weeks of training, heart and skeletal muscle samples were harvested and used for gene expression analysis, NAD levels measurements and immunohistochemistry staining. Results: Endurance training triggered a reduction in the expression of Cpt1b and AcadL genes involved in fatty acid catabolism in the heart of Nmrk2−/− mice, not in control mice. NAD levels were not altered in heart or skeletal muscle, nor at baseline neither after exercise training in any group. Myh7 gene encoding for the slow MHC-I was more strongly induced by exercise in Nmrk2−/− mice than in controls. Moreover, IL-15 expression levels is higher in Nmrk2−/− mice skeletal muscle at baseline compared to controls. No fiber type switch was observed in plantaris after exercise, but fast fibers diameter was reduced in aged control mice, not in Nmrk2−/− mice. No fiber type switch or diameter modification was observed in soleus muscle. Conclusion: In this study, we demonstrated for the first time a phenotype in old Nmrk2−/− mice in response to endurance exercise training. Although NMRK2 seems to be predominantly dispensable to maintain global NAD levels in heart and skeletal muscle, we demonstrated a maladaptive metabolic response to exercise in cardiac and skeletal muscle, showing that NMRK2 has a specific and restricted role in NAD signaling compared to the NAMPT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Deloux
- Signalling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology-UMR-S 1180, Univ. Paris-Sud, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France.,Department of Biology of Adaptation and Ageing, CNRS UMR8256, INSERM U1164, Institute of Biology Paris-Seine, DHU FAST, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | - Cynthia Tannous
- Signalling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology-UMR-S 1180, Univ. Paris-Sud, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France.,Department of Biology of Adaptation and Ageing, CNRS UMR8256, INSERM U1164, Institute of Biology Paris-Seine, DHU FAST, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | - Arnaud Ferry
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Institut de Myologie, UMR-S 794, INSERM, CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | - Zhenlin Li
- Department of Biology of Adaptation and Ageing, CNRS UMR8256, INSERM U1164, Institute of Biology Paris-Seine, DHU FAST, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | - Mathias Mericskay
- Signalling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology-UMR-S 1180, Univ. Paris-Sud, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
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Deloux R, Tannous C, Diguet N, Li Z, Mericskay M. Alternative NAD+ biosynthesis pathway activated by energy stress stimulates glycolysis in cardiac cells. Archives of Cardiovascular Diseases Supplements 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.acvdsp.2018.02.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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11
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Diguet N, Trammell SAJ, Tannous C, Deloux R, Piquereau J, Mougenot N, Gouge A, Gressette M, Manoury B, Blanc J, Breton M, Decaux JF, Lavery GG, Baczkó I, Zoll J, Garnier A, Li Z, Brenner C, Mericskay M. Nicotinamide Riboside Preserves Cardiac Function in a Mouse Model of Dilated Cardiomyopathy. Circulation 2017; 137:2256-2273. [PMID: 29217642 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.116.026099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myocardial metabolic impairment is a major feature in chronic heart failure. As the major coenzyme in fuel oxidation and oxidative phosphorylation and a substrate for enzymes signaling energy stress and oxidative stress response, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is emerging as a metabolic target in a number of diseases including heart failure. Little is known on the mechanisms regulating homeostasis of NAD+ in the failing heart. METHODS To explore possible alterations of NAD+ homeostasis in the failing heart, we quantified the expression of NAD+ biosynthetic enzymes in the human failing heart and in the heart of a mouse model of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) triggered by Serum Response Factor transcription factor depletion in the heart (SRFHKO) or of cardiac hypertrophy triggered by transverse aorta constriction. We studied the impact of NAD+ precursor supplementation on cardiac function in both mouse models. RESULTS We observed a 30% loss in levels of NAD+ in the murine failing heart of both DCM and transverse aorta constriction mice that was accompanied by a decrease in expression of the nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase enzyme that recycles the nicotinamide precursor, whereas the nicotinamide riboside kinase 2 (NMRK2) that phosphorylates the nicotinamide riboside precursor is increased, to a higher level in the DCM (40-fold) than in transverse aorta constriction (4-fold). This shift was also observed in human failing heart biopsies in comparison with nonfailing controls. We show that the Nmrk2 gene is an AMP-activated protein kinase and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α responsive gene that is activated by energy stress and NAD+ depletion in isolated rat cardiomyocytes. Nicotinamide riboside efficiently rescues NAD+ synthesis in response to FK866-mediated inhibition of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase and stimulates glycolysis in cardiomyocytes. Accordingly, we show that nicotinamide riboside supplementation in food attenuates the development of heart failure in mice, more robustly in DCM, and partially after transverse aorta constriction, by stabilizing myocardial NAD+ levels in the failing heart. Nicotinamide riboside treatment also robustly increases the myocardial levels of 3 metabolites, nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide, methylnicotinamide, and N1-methyl-4-pyridone-5-carboxamide, that can be used as validation biomarkers for the treatment. CONCLUSIONS The data show that nicotinamide riboside, the most energy-efficient among NAD precursors, could be useful for treatment of heart failure, notably in the context of DCM, a disease with few therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Diguet
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, Department of Biology of Adaptation and Ageing, CNRS UMR8256, INSERM U1164, Institute of Biology Paris-Seine, DHU FAST, France (N.D., C.T., R.D., A. Gouge, J.B., J.-F.D., Z.L.)
| | - Samuel A J Trammell
- Department of Biochemistry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City (S.A.J.T., C.B.)
| | - Cynthia Tannous
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, Department of Biology of Adaptation and Ageing, CNRS UMR8256, INSERM U1164, Institute of Biology Paris-Seine, DHU FAST, France (N.D., C.T., R.D., A. Gouge, J.B., J.-F.D., Z.L.).,Signalling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, UMR-S 1180, University Paris-Sud, INSERM, Université Paris- Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France (C.T., R.D., J.P., M.G., B.M., M.B., A. Garnier, M.M.)
| | - Robin Deloux
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, Department of Biology of Adaptation and Ageing, CNRS UMR8256, INSERM U1164, Institute of Biology Paris-Seine, DHU FAST, France (N.D., C.T., R.D., A. Gouge, J.B., J.-F.D., Z.L.).,Signalling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, UMR-S 1180, University Paris-Sud, INSERM, Université Paris- Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France (C.T., R.D., J.P., M.G., B.M., M.B., A. Garnier, M.M.)
| | | | - Nathalie Mougenot
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, Plateforme PECMV, UMS28, Paris, France (N.M.)
| | - Anne Gouge
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, Department of Biology of Adaptation and Ageing, CNRS UMR8256, INSERM U1164, Institute of Biology Paris-Seine, DHU FAST, France (N.D., C.T., R.D., A. Gouge, J.B., J.-F.D., Z.L.)
| | - Mélanie Gressette
- Signalling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, UMR-S 1180, University Paris-Sud, INSERM, Université Paris- Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France (C.T., R.D., J.P., M.G., B.M., M.B., A. Garnier, M.M.)
| | - Boris Manoury
- Signalling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, UMR-S 1180, University Paris-Sud, INSERM, Université Paris- Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France (C.T., R.D., J.P., M.G., B.M., M.B., A. Garnier, M.M.)
| | - Jocelyne Blanc
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, Department of Biology of Adaptation and Ageing, CNRS UMR8256, INSERM U1164, Institute of Biology Paris-Seine, DHU FAST, France (N.D., C.T., R.D., A. Gouge, J.B., J.-F.D., Z.L.).,Signalling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, UMR-S 1180, University Paris-Sud, INSERM, Université Paris- Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France (C.T., R.D., J.P., M.G., B.M., M.B., A. Garnier, M.M.)
| | - Marie Breton
- Signalling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, UMR-S 1180, University Paris-Sud, INSERM, Université Paris- Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France (C.T., R.D., J.P., M.G., B.M., M.B., A. Garnier, M.M.)
| | - Jean-François Decaux
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, Department of Biology of Adaptation and Ageing, CNRS UMR8256, INSERM U1164, Institute of Biology Paris-Seine, DHU FAST, France (N.D., C.T., R.D., A. Gouge, J.B., J.-F.D., Z.L.)
| | - Gareth G Lavery
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom (G.G.L.)
| | - István Baczkó
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Szeged, Hungary (I.B.)
| | - Joffrey Zoll
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine and EA3072, Université de Strasbourg, France (J.Z.)
| | - Anne Garnier
- Signalling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, UMR-S 1180, University Paris-Sud, INSERM, Université Paris- Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France (C.T., R.D., J.P., M.G., B.M., M.B., A. Garnier, M.M.)
| | - Zhenlin Li
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, Department of Biology of Adaptation and Ageing, CNRS UMR8256, INSERM U1164, Institute of Biology Paris-Seine, DHU FAST, France (N.D., C.T., R.D., A. Gouge, J.B., J.-F.D., Z.L.)
| | - Charles Brenner
- Department of Biochemistry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City (S.A.J.T., C.B.)
| | - Mathias Mericskay
- Signalling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, UMR-S 1180, University Paris-Sud, INSERM, Université Paris- Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France (C.T., R.D., J.P., M.G., B.M., M.B., A. Garnier, M.M.).
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Houee-Levin C, Tannous C, Jay-Gerin JP. Search for Urbach tails in the optical absorption spectra of solvated electrons in alcohols and water. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/j100357a012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Tannous C, Ray DK, Belakhovsky M. Energy bands of LaAg: applications to magnetic and electronic properties and martensitic transformation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1088/0305-4608/6/11/008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Lopez-Castillo J, Daré A, Jay-Gerin J, Tannous C. Electron delocalization and transfer induced by a time-dependent potential: Exact treatment of a simple model-formalism. Phys Rev A 1991; 43:35-43. [PMID: 9904751 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.43.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Lopez-Castillo J, Tannous C, Jay-Gerin J. Electron tunneling in the presence of phonons: Classical versus quantum oscillating thin potential barrier. Phys Rev A 1990; 41:2273-2276. [PMID: 9903352 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.41.2273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Cox DL, Tannous C, Wilkins JW. Erratum: One-body models for transport properties of valence fluctuators: Exact results. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1986; 34:4374. [PMID: 9940216 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.34.4374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Cox DL, Tannous C, Wilkins JW. One-body models for transport properties of valence fluctuators: Exact results. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1986; 33:2132-2143. [PMID: 9938545 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.33.2132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Rammal R, Tannous C, Breton P, Tremblay A. Flicker (1/f) noise in percolation networks: A new hierarchy of exponents. Phys Rev Lett 1985; 54:1718-1721. [PMID: 10031116 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.54.1718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Rammal R, Tannous C, Tremblay A. 1/f noise in random resistor networks: Fractals and percolating systems. Phys Rev A Gen Phys 1985; 31:2662-2671. [PMID: 9895800 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.31.2662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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