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Amadatsu T, Morinaga J, Kawano T, Terada K, Kadomatsu T, Miyata K, Endo M, Kasamo D, Kuratsu JI, Oike Y. Macrophage-Derived Angiopoietin-Like Protein 2 Exacerbates Brain Damage by Accelerating Acute Inflammation after Ischemia-Reperfusion. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0166285. [PMID: 27861531 PMCID: PMC5115716 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0166285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Several reports suggest that acute inflammation after ischemia-reperfusion exacerbates brain damage; however, molecular mechanisms underlying this effect remain unclear. Here, we report that MAC-3-positive immune cells, including infiltrating bone marrow-derived macrophages and activated microglia, express abundant angiopoietin-like protein (ANGPTL) 2 in ischemic mouse brain in a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model. Both neurological deficits and infarct volume decreased in transient MCAO model mice established in Angptl2 knockout (KO) relative to wild-type mice. Acute brain inflammation after ischemia-reperfusion, as estimated by expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF)-α, was significantly suppressed in Angptl2 KO compared to control mice. Moreover, analysis employing bone marrow chimeric models using Angptl2 KO and wild-type mice revealed that infiltrated bone marrow-derived macrophages secreting ANGPTL2 significantly contribute to acute brain injury seen after ischemia-reperfusion. These studies demonstrate that infiltrating bone marrow-derived macrophages promote inflammation and injury in affected brain areas after ischemia-reperfusion, likely via ANGPTL2 secretion in the acute phase of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiro Amadatsu
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate school of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860–8556, Japan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860–8556, Japan
| | - Jun Morinaga
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate school of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860–8556, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kawano
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860–8556, Japan
| | - Kazutoyo Terada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate school of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860–8556, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Kadomatsu
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate school of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860–8556, Japan
| | - Keishi Miyata
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate school of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860–8556, Japan
| | - Motoyoshi Endo
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate school of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860–8556, Japan
| | - Daiki Kasamo
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate school of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860–8556, Japan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860–8556, Japan
| | - Jun-ichi Kuratsu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860–8556, Japan
| | - Yuichi Oike
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate school of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860–8556, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Kawano T, Ohmori Y, Kaku Y, Muta D, Uekawa K, Nakagawa T, Amadatsu T, Kasamo D, Shiraishi S, Kitajima M, Kuratsu JI. Prolonged Mean Transit Time Detected by Dynamic Susceptibility Contrast Magnetic Resonance Imaging Predicts Cerebrovascular Reserve Impairment in Patients with Moyamoya Disease. Cerebrovasc Dis 2016; 42:131-8. [PMID: 27088711 DOI: 10.1159/000445696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evaluating cerebrovascular reserve (CVR) is important for patients with moyamoya disease (MMD). 123I-iodoamphetamine single-photon emission CT (SPECT) with acetazolamide (ACZ) challenge is widely carried out, but using ACZ becomes problematic owing to its off-label use and its adverse effects. Here, we report the efficacy of dynamic susceptibility contrast MRI (DSC-MRI) for the evaluation of CVR in MMD patients. METHODS All 33 MMD patients underwent both SPECT and DSC-MRI at an interval of <10 days from each other (mean age 38.3 years). The region of interest (ROI) was the anterior cerebral artery (ACA) territory, middle cerebral artery (MCA) territory, basal ganglia and cerebellum hemisphere for cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral blood volume (CBV) and mean transit time (MTT) images. The ratios of the ROIs to the ipsilateral cerebellum were calculated for each parameter and evaluated. The CVR was calculated using images acquired by SPECT before and after ACZ administration. The ratios of DSC-MRI parameters and CVR were compared and evaluated for each ROI. RESULTS The MTT of the ACA and MCA territories significantly correlated with CVR (p < 0.0001). However, CBF and CBV had no correlation with CVR. The MTT ratio had a threshold of 1.966, with a sensitivity of 68.4% and a specificity of 91.5% for predicting decreased CVR (<10%). CONCLUSION MTT had a negative correlation with CVR. DSC-MRI is easy, safe and useful for detecting decreased CVR and can be used as a standard examination in MMD patient's care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Kawano
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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Takemoto Y, Hasegawa S, Nagamine M, Kasamo D, Matsumoto J, Miura M, Kuratsu J. A spontaneous superficial temporal artery pseudoaneurysm possibly related to atherosclerosis: Case report and review of literature. Surg Neurol Int 2016; 7:S247-50. [PMID: 27127716 PMCID: PMC4828951 DOI: 10.4103/2152-7806.179586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Spontaneous superficial temporal artery (STA) pseudoaneurysms are very rare; only four cases, including ours, have been reported to date. Therefore, the cause of them has not been studied. Case Description: A 57-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with a pulsatile mass in the left preauricular region. Her medical history included hypertension, dyslipidemia, and angina pectoris. She denied a history of head injury or minor head trauma. Three-dimensional computed tomography angiography showed a well-enhanced saccular aneurysm on the main trunk of the STA. To prevent rupture it was removed surgically. The histological diagnosis was pseudoaneurysm with atherosclerosis. By the 2nd postoperative day, she had completely recovered and was discharged home. There has been no relapse. Conclusions: As all four documented patients were at high risk for atherosclerosis, we posit that a causal factor was weakening of the arterial wall due to atherosclerosis and chronic pressure on the STA from anatomical structures. Here, we present histological evidence to support this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yushin Takemoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kumamoto City Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Shu Hasegawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kumamoto Red Cross Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Michiko Nagamine
- Department of Pathology, Kumamoto Red Cross Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Daiki Kasamo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kumamoto Red Cross Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Jun Matsumoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kumamoto Red Cross Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Masaki Miura
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kumamoto Red Cross Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Junichi Kuratsu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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