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Dewey FE, Gusarova V, Dunbar RL, O'Dushlaine C, Schurmann C, Gottesman O, McCarthy S, Van Hout CV, Bruse S, Dansky HM, Leader JB, Murray MF, Ritchie MD, Kirchner HL, Habegger L, Lopez A, Penn J, Zhao A, Shao W, Stahl N, Murphy AJ, Hamon S, Bouzelmat A, Zhang R, Shumel B, Pordy R, Gipe D, Herman GA, Sheu WHH, Lee IT, Liang KW, Guo X, Rotter JI, Chen YDI, Kraus WE, Shah SH, Damrauer S, Small A, Rader DJ, Wulff AB, Nordestgaard BG, Tybjærg-Hansen A, van den Hoek AM, Princen HMG, Ledbetter DH, Carey DJ, Overton JD, Reid JG, Sasiela WJ, Banerjee P, Shuldiner AR, Borecki IB, Teslovich TM, Yancopoulos GD, Mellis SJ, Gromada J, Baras A. Genetic and Pharmacologic Inactivation of ANGPTL3 and Cardiovascular Disease. N Engl J Med 2017; 377:211-221. [PMID: 28538136 PMCID: PMC5800308 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1612790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 542] [Impact Index Per Article: 77.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Loss-of-function variants in the angiopoietin-like 3 gene (ANGPTL3) have been associated with decreased plasma levels of triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. It is not known whether such variants or therapeutic antagonism of ANGPTL3 are associated with a reduced risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. METHODS We sequenced the exons of ANGPTL3 in 58,335 participants in the DiscovEHR human genetics study. We performed tests of association for loss-of-function variants in ANGPTL3 with lipid levels and with coronary artery disease in 13,102 case patients and 40,430 controls from the DiscovEHR study, with follow-up studies involving 23,317 case patients and 107,166 controls from four population studies. We also tested the effects of a human monoclonal antibody, evinacumab, against Angptl3 in dyslipidemic mice and against ANGPTL3 in healthy human volunteers with elevated levels of triglycerides or LDL cholesterol. RESULTS In the DiscovEHR study, participants with heterozygous loss-of-function variants in ANGPTL3 had significantly lower serum levels of triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol than participants without these variants. Loss-of-function variants were found in 0.33% of case patients with coronary artery disease and in 0.45% of controls (adjusted odds ratio, 0.59; 95% confidence interval, 0.41 to 0.85; P=0.004). These results were confirmed in the follow-up studies. In dyslipidemic mice, inhibition of Angptl3 with evinacumab resulted in a greater decrease in atherosclerotic lesion area and necrotic content than a control antibody. In humans, evinacumab caused a dose-dependent placebo-adjusted reduction in fasting triglyceride levels of up to 76% and LDL cholesterol levels of up to 23%. CONCLUSIONS Genetic and therapeutic antagonism of ANGPTL3 in humans and of Angptl3 in mice was associated with decreased levels of all three major lipid fractions and decreased odds of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. (Funded by Regeneron Pharmaceuticals and others; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01749878 .).
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederick E Dewey
- From Regeneron Genetics Center (F.E.D., C.O., C.S., O.G., S.M., C.V.V.H., S.B., L.H., A.L., J.P., N.S., A.J.M., J.D.O., J.G.R., A.R.S., I.B.B., T.M.T., G.D.Y., S.J.M., A. Baras) and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals (V.G., H.M.D., A.Z., W.S., N.S., A.J.M., S.H., A. Bouzelmat, R.Z., B.S., R.P., D.G., G.A.H., W.J.S., P.B., G.D.Y., S.J.M., J.G.) Tarrytown, NY; the Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics (R.L.D.), and Departments of Surgery (S.D.) and Genetics and Medicine (A.S., D.J.R.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and Geisinger Health System, Danville (J.B.L., M.F.M., M.D.R., H.L.K., D.H.L., D.J.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L.) and Cardiovascular Center (K.-W.L.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University (W.H.H.S.), School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University (I.-T.L.), and the Department of Medicine, China Medical University (K.-W.L.), Taichung, and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L., K.-W.L.), and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center (W.H.H.S.), Taipei - all in Taiwan; Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G., J.I.R., Y.-D.I.C.); the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Molecular Physiology Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (W.E.K., S.H.S.); the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet (A.B.W., B.G.N., A.T.-H.), the Copenhagen General Population Study (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry (B.G.N.), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, and the Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) - all in Copenhagen; and TNO Metabolic Health Research, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, the Netherlands (A.M.H., H.M.G.P.)
| | - Viktoria Gusarova
- From Regeneron Genetics Center (F.E.D., C.O., C.S., O.G., S.M., C.V.V.H., S.B., L.H., A.L., J.P., N.S., A.J.M., J.D.O., J.G.R., A.R.S., I.B.B., T.M.T., G.D.Y., S.J.M., A. Baras) and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals (V.G., H.M.D., A.Z., W.S., N.S., A.J.M., S.H., A. Bouzelmat, R.Z., B.S., R.P., D.G., G.A.H., W.J.S., P.B., G.D.Y., S.J.M., J.G.) Tarrytown, NY; the Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics (R.L.D.), and Departments of Surgery (S.D.) and Genetics and Medicine (A.S., D.J.R.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and Geisinger Health System, Danville (J.B.L., M.F.M., M.D.R., H.L.K., D.H.L., D.J.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L.) and Cardiovascular Center (K.-W.L.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University (W.H.H.S.), School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University (I.-T.L.), and the Department of Medicine, China Medical University (K.-W.L.), Taichung, and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L., K.-W.L.), and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center (W.H.H.S.), Taipei - all in Taiwan; Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G., J.I.R., Y.-D.I.C.); the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Molecular Physiology Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (W.E.K., S.H.S.); the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet (A.B.W., B.G.N., A.T.-H.), the Copenhagen General Population Study (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry (B.G.N.), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, and the Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) - all in Copenhagen; and TNO Metabolic Health Research, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, the Netherlands (A.M.H., H.M.G.P.)
| | - Richard L Dunbar
- From Regeneron Genetics Center (F.E.D., C.O., C.S., O.G., S.M., C.V.V.H., S.B., L.H., A.L., J.P., N.S., A.J.M., J.D.O., J.G.R., A.R.S., I.B.B., T.M.T., G.D.Y., S.J.M., A. Baras) and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals (V.G., H.M.D., A.Z., W.S., N.S., A.J.M., S.H., A. Bouzelmat, R.Z., B.S., R.P., D.G., G.A.H., W.J.S., P.B., G.D.Y., S.J.M., J.G.) Tarrytown, NY; the Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics (R.L.D.), and Departments of Surgery (S.D.) and Genetics and Medicine (A.S., D.J.R.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and Geisinger Health System, Danville (J.B.L., M.F.M., M.D.R., H.L.K., D.H.L., D.J.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L.) and Cardiovascular Center (K.-W.L.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University (W.H.H.S.), School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University (I.-T.L.), and the Department of Medicine, China Medical University (K.-W.L.), Taichung, and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L., K.-W.L.), and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center (W.H.H.S.), Taipei - all in Taiwan; Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G., J.I.R., Y.-D.I.C.); the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Molecular Physiology Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (W.E.K., S.H.S.); the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet (A.B.W., B.G.N., A.T.-H.), the Copenhagen General Population Study (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry (B.G.N.), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, and the Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) - all in Copenhagen; and TNO Metabolic Health Research, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, the Netherlands (A.M.H., H.M.G.P.)
| | - Colm O'Dushlaine
- From Regeneron Genetics Center (F.E.D., C.O., C.S., O.G., S.M., C.V.V.H., S.B., L.H., A.L., J.P., N.S., A.J.M., J.D.O., J.G.R., A.R.S., I.B.B., T.M.T., G.D.Y., S.J.M., A. Baras) and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals (V.G., H.M.D., A.Z., W.S., N.S., A.J.M., S.H., A. Bouzelmat, R.Z., B.S., R.P., D.G., G.A.H., W.J.S., P.B., G.D.Y., S.J.M., J.G.) Tarrytown, NY; the Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics (R.L.D.), and Departments of Surgery (S.D.) and Genetics and Medicine (A.S., D.J.R.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and Geisinger Health System, Danville (J.B.L., M.F.M., M.D.R., H.L.K., D.H.L., D.J.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L.) and Cardiovascular Center (K.-W.L.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University (W.H.H.S.), School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University (I.-T.L.), and the Department of Medicine, China Medical University (K.-W.L.), Taichung, and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L., K.-W.L.), and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center (W.H.H.S.), Taipei - all in Taiwan; Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G., J.I.R., Y.-D.I.C.); the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Molecular Physiology Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (W.E.K., S.H.S.); the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet (A.B.W., B.G.N., A.T.-H.), the Copenhagen General Population Study (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry (B.G.N.), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, and the Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) - all in Copenhagen; and TNO Metabolic Health Research, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, the Netherlands (A.M.H., H.M.G.P.)
| | - Claudia Schurmann
- From Regeneron Genetics Center (F.E.D., C.O., C.S., O.G., S.M., C.V.V.H., S.B., L.H., A.L., J.P., N.S., A.J.M., J.D.O., J.G.R., A.R.S., I.B.B., T.M.T., G.D.Y., S.J.M., A. Baras) and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals (V.G., H.M.D., A.Z., W.S., N.S., A.J.M., S.H., A. Bouzelmat, R.Z., B.S., R.P., D.G., G.A.H., W.J.S., P.B., G.D.Y., S.J.M., J.G.) Tarrytown, NY; the Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics (R.L.D.), and Departments of Surgery (S.D.) and Genetics and Medicine (A.S., D.J.R.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and Geisinger Health System, Danville (J.B.L., M.F.M., M.D.R., H.L.K., D.H.L., D.J.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L.) and Cardiovascular Center (K.-W.L.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University (W.H.H.S.), School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University (I.-T.L.), and the Department of Medicine, China Medical University (K.-W.L.), Taichung, and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L., K.-W.L.), and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center (W.H.H.S.), Taipei - all in Taiwan; Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G., J.I.R., Y.-D.I.C.); the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Molecular Physiology Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (W.E.K., S.H.S.); the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet (A.B.W., B.G.N., A.T.-H.), the Copenhagen General Population Study (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry (B.G.N.), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, and the Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) - all in Copenhagen; and TNO Metabolic Health Research, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, the Netherlands (A.M.H., H.M.G.P.)
| | - Omri Gottesman
- From Regeneron Genetics Center (F.E.D., C.O., C.S., O.G., S.M., C.V.V.H., S.B., L.H., A.L., J.P., N.S., A.J.M., J.D.O., J.G.R., A.R.S., I.B.B., T.M.T., G.D.Y., S.J.M., A. Baras) and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals (V.G., H.M.D., A.Z., W.S., N.S., A.J.M., S.H., A. Bouzelmat, R.Z., B.S., R.P., D.G., G.A.H., W.J.S., P.B., G.D.Y., S.J.M., J.G.) Tarrytown, NY; the Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics (R.L.D.), and Departments of Surgery (S.D.) and Genetics and Medicine (A.S., D.J.R.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and Geisinger Health System, Danville (J.B.L., M.F.M., M.D.R., H.L.K., D.H.L., D.J.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L.) and Cardiovascular Center (K.-W.L.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University (W.H.H.S.), School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University (I.-T.L.), and the Department of Medicine, China Medical University (K.-W.L.), Taichung, and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L., K.-W.L.), and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center (W.H.H.S.), Taipei - all in Taiwan; Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G., J.I.R., Y.-D.I.C.); the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Molecular Physiology Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (W.E.K., S.H.S.); the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet (A.B.W., B.G.N., A.T.-H.), the Copenhagen General Population Study (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry (B.G.N.), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, and the Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) - all in Copenhagen; and TNO Metabolic Health Research, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, the Netherlands (A.M.H., H.M.G.P.)
| | - Shane McCarthy
- From Regeneron Genetics Center (F.E.D., C.O., C.S., O.G., S.M., C.V.V.H., S.B., L.H., A.L., J.P., N.S., A.J.M., J.D.O., J.G.R., A.R.S., I.B.B., T.M.T., G.D.Y., S.J.M., A. Baras) and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals (V.G., H.M.D., A.Z., W.S., N.S., A.J.M., S.H., A. Bouzelmat, R.Z., B.S., R.P., D.G., G.A.H., W.J.S., P.B., G.D.Y., S.J.M., J.G.) Tarrytown, NY; the Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics (R.L.D.), and Departments of Surgery (S.D.) and Genetics and Medicine (A.S., D.J.R.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and Geisinger Health System, Danville (J.B.L., M.F.M., M.D.R., H.L.K., D.H.L., D.J.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L.) and Cardiovascular Center (K.-W.L.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University (W.H.H.S.), School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University (I.-T.L.), and the Department of Medicine, China Medical University (K.-W.L.), Taichung, and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L., K.-W.L.), and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center (W.H.H.S.), Taipei - all in Taiwan; Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G., J.I.R., Y.-D.I.C.); the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Molecular Physiology Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (W.E.K., S.H.S.); the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet (A.B.W., B.G.N., A.T.-H.), the Copenhagen General Population Study (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry (B.G.N.), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, and the Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) - all in Copenhagen; and TNO Metabolic Health Research, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, the Netherlands (A.M.H., H.M.G.P.)
| | - Cristopher V Van Hout
- From Regeneron Genetics Center (F.E.D., C.O., C.S., O.G., S.M., C.V.V.H., S.B., L.H., A.L., J.P., N.S., A.J.M., J.D.O., J.G.R., A.R.S., I.B.B., T.M.T., G.D.Y., S.J.M., A. Baras) and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals (V.G., H.M.D., A.Z., W.S., N.S., A.J.M., S.H., A. Bouzelmat, R.Z., B.S., R.P., D.G., G.A.H., W.J.S., P.B., G.D.Y., S.J.M., J.G.) Tarrytown, NY; the Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics (R.L.D.), and Departments of Surgery (S.D.) and Genetics and Medicine (A.S., D.J.R.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and Geisinger Health System, Danville (J.B.L., M.F.M., M.D.R., H.L.K., D.H.L., D.J.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L.) and Cardiovascular Center (K.-W.L.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University (W.H.H.S.), School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University (I.-T.L.), and the Department of Medicine, China Medical University (K.-W.L.), Taichung, and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L., K.-W.L.), and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center (W.H.H.S.), Taipei - all in Taiwan; Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G., J.I.R., Y.-D.I.C.); the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Molecular Physiology Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (W.E.K., S.H.S.); the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet (A.B.W., B.G.N., A.T.-H.), the Copenhagen General Population Study (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry (B.G.N.), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, and the Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) - all in Copenhagen; and TNO Metabolic Health Research, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, the Netherlands (A.M.H., H.M.G.P.)
| | - Shannon Bruse
- From Regeneron Genetics Center (F.E.D., C.O., C.S., O.G., S.M., C.V.V.H., S.B., L.H., A.L., J.P., N.S., A.J.M., J.D.O., J.G.R., A.R.S., I.B.B., T.M.T., G.D.Y., S.J.M., A. Baras) and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals (V.G., H.M.D., A.Z., W.S., N.S., A.J.M., S.H., A. Bouzelmat, R.Z., B.S., R.P., D.G., G.A.H., W.J.S., P.B., G.D.Y., S.J.M., J.G.) Tarrytown, NY; the Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics (R.L.D.), and Departments of Surgery (S.D.) and Genetics and Medicine (A.S., D.J.R.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and Geisinger Health System, Danville (J.B.L., M.F.M., M.D.R., H.L.K., D.H.L., D.J.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L.) and Cardiovascular Center (K.-W.L.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University (W.H.H.S.), School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University (I.-T.L.), and the Department of Medicine, China Medical University (K.-W.L.), Taichung, and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L., K.-W.L.), and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center (W.H.H.S.), Taipei - all in Taiwan; Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G., J.I.R., Y.-D.I.C.); the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Molecular Physiology Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (W.E.K., S.H.S.); the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet (A.B.W., B.G.N., A.T.-H.), the Copenhagen General Population Study (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry (B.G.N.), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, and the Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) - all in Copenhagen; and TNO Metabolic Health Research, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, the Netherlands (A.M.H., H.M.G.P.)
| | - Hayes M Dansky
- From Regeneron Genetics Center (F.E.D., C.O., C.S., O.G., S.M., C.V.V.H., S.B., L.H., A.L., J.P., N.S., A.J.M., J.D.O., J.G.R., A.R.S., I.B.B., T.M.T., G.D.Y., S.J.M., A. Baras) and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals (V.G., H.M.D., A.Z., W.S., N.S., A.J.M., S.H., A. Bouzelmat, R.Z., B.S., R.P., D.G., G.A.H., W.J.S., P.B., G.D.Y., S.J.M., J.G.) Tarrytown, NY; the Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics (R.L.D.), and Departments of Surgery (S.D.) and Genetics and Medicine (A.S., D.J.R.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and Geisinger Health System, Danville (J.B.L., M.F.M., M.D.R., H.L.K., D.H.L., D.J.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L.) and Cardiovascular Center (K.-W.L.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University (W.H.H.S.), School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University (I.-T.L.), and the Department of Medicine, China Medical University (K.-W.L.), Taichung, and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L., K.-W.L.), and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center (W.H.H.S.), Taipei - all in Taiwan; Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G., J.I.R., Y.-D.I.C.); the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Molecular Physiology Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (W.E.K., S.H.S.); the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet (A.B.W., B.G.N., A.T.-H.), the Copenhagen General Population Study (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry (B.G.N.), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, and the Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) - all in Copenhagen; and TNO Metabolic Health Research, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, the Netherlands (A.M.H., H.M.G.P.)
| | - Joseph B Leader
- From Regeneron Genetics Center (F.E.D., C.O., C.S., O.G., S.M., C.V.V.H., S.B., L.H., A.L., J.P., N.S., A.J.M., J.D.O., J.G.R., A.R.S., I.B.B., T.M.T., G.D.Y., S.J.M., A. Baras) and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals (V.G., H.M.D., A.Z., W.S., N.S., A.J.M., S.H., A. Bouzelmat, R.Z., B.S., R.P., D.G., G.A.H., W.J.S., P.B., G.D.Y., S.J.M., J.G.) Tarrytown, NY; the Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics (R.L.D.), and Departments of Surgery (S.D.) and Genetics and Medicine (A.S., D.J.R.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and Geisinger Health System, Danville (J.B.L., M.F.M., M.D.R., H.L.K., D.H.L., D.J.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L.) and Cardiovascular Center (K.-W.L.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University (W.H.H.S.), School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University (I.-T.L.), and the Department of Medicine, China Medical University (K.-W.L.), Taichung, and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L., K.-W.L.), and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center (W.H.H.S.), Taipei - all in Taiwan; Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G., J.I.R., Y.-D.I.C.); the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Molecular Physiology Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (W.E.K., S.H.S.); the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet (A.B.W., B.G.N., A.T.-H.), the Copenhagen General Population Study (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry (B.G.N.), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, and the Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) - all in Copenhagen; and TNO Metabolic Health Research, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, the Netherlands (A.M.H., H.M.G.P.)
| | - Michael F Murray
- From Regeneron Genetics Center (F.E.D., C.O., C.S., O.G., S.M., C.V.V.H., S.B., L.H., A.L., J.P., N.S., A.J.M., J.D.O., J.G.R., A.R.S., I.B.B., T.M.T., G.D.Y., S.J.M., A. Baras) and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals (V.G., H.M.D., A.Z., W.S., N.S., A.J.M., S.H., A. Bouzelmat, R.Z., B.S., R.P., D.G., G.A.H., W.J.S., P.B., G.D.Y., S.J.M., J.G.) Tarrytown, NY; the Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics (R.L.D.), and Departments of Surgery (S.D.) and Genetics and Medicine (A.S., D.J.R.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and Geisinger Health System, Danville (J.B.L., M.F.M., M.D.R., H.L.K., D.H.L., D.J.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L.) and Cardiovascular Center (K.-W.L.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University (W.H.H.S.), School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University (I.-T.L.), and the Department of Medicine, China Medical University (K.-W.L.), Taichung, and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L., K.-W.L.), and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center (W.H.H.S.), Taipei - all in Taiwan; Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G., J.I.R., Y.-D.I.C.); the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Molecular Physiology Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (W.E.K., S.H.S.); the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet (A.B.W., B.G.N., A.T.-H.), the Copenhagen General Population Study (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry (B.G.N.), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, and the Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) - all in Copenhagen; and TNO Metabolic Health Research, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, the Netherlands (A.M.H., H.M.G.P.)
| | - Marylyn D Ritchie
- From Regeneron Genetics Center (F.E.D., C.O., C.S., O.G., S.M., C.V.V.H., S.B., L.H., A.L., J.P., N.S., A.J.M., J.D.O., J.G.R., A.R.S., I.B.B., T.M.T., G.D.Y., S.J.M., A. Baras) and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals (V.G., H.M.D., A.Z., W.S., N.S., A.J.M., S.H., A. Bouzelmat, R.Z., B.S., R.P., D.G., G.A.H., W.J.S., P.B., G.D.Y., S.J.M., J.G.) Tarrytown, NY; the Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics (R.L.D.), and Departments of Surgery (S.D.) and Genetics and Medicine (A.S., D.J.R.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and Geisinger Health System, Danville (J.B.L., M.F.M., M.D.R., H.L.K., D.H.L., D.J.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L.) and Cardiovascular Center (K.-W.L.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University (W.H.H.S.), School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University (I.-T.L.), and the Department of Medicine, China Medical University (K.-W.L.), Taichung, and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L., K.-W.L.), and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center (W.H.H.S.), Taipei - all in Taiwan; Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G., J.I.R., Y.-D.I.C.); the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Molecular Physiology Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (W.E.K., S.H.S.); the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet (A.B.W., B.G.N., A.T.-H.), the Copenhagen General Population Study (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry (B.G.N.), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, and the Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) - all in Copenhagen; and TNO Metabolic Health Research, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, the Netherlands (A.M.H., H.M.G.P.)
| | - H Lester Kirchner
- From Regeneron Genetics Center (F.E.D., C.O., C.S., O.G., S.M., C.V.V.H., S.B., L.H., A.L., J.P., N.S., A.J.M., J.D.O., J.G.R., A.R.S., I.B.B., T.M.T., G.D.Y., S.J.M., A. Baras) and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals (V.G., H.M.D., A.Z., W.S., N.S., A.J.M., S.H., A. Bouzelmat, R.Z., B.S., R.P., D.G., G.A.H., W.J.S., P.B., G.D.Y., S.J.M., J.G.) Tarrytown, NY; the Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics (R.L.D.), and Departments of Surgery (S.D.) and Genetics and Medicine (A.S., D.J.R.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and Geisinger Health System, Danville (J.B.L., M.F.M., M.D.R., H.L.K., D.H.L., D.J.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L.) and Cardiovascular Center (K.-W.L.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University (W.H.H.S.), School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University (I.-T.L.), and the Department of Medicine, China Medical University (K.-W.L.), Taichung, and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L., K.-W.L.), and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center (W.H.H.S.), Taipei - all in Taiwan; Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G., J.I.R., Y.-D.I.C.); the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Molecular Physiology Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (W.E.K., S.H.S.); the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet (A.B.W., B.G.N., A.T.-H.), the Copenhagen General Population Study (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry (B.G.N.), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, and the Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) - all in Copenhagen; and TNO Metabolic Health Research, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, the Netherlands (A.M.H., H.M.G.P.)
| | - Lukas Habegger
- From Regeneron Genetics Center (F.E.D., C.O., C.S., O.G., S.M., C.V.V.H., S.B., L.H., A.L., J.P., N.S., A.J.M., J.D.O., J.G.R., A.R.S., I.B.B., T.M.T., G.D.Y., S.J.M., A. Baras) and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals (V.G., H.M.D., A.Z., W.S., N.S., A.J.M., S.H., A. Bouzelmat, R.Z., B.S., R.P., D.G., G.A.H., W.J.S., P.B., G.D.Y., S.J.M., J.G.) Tarrytown, NY; the Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics (R.L.D.), and Departments of Surgery (S.D.) and Genetics and Medicine (A.S., D.J.R.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and Geisinger Health System, Danville (J.B.L., M.F.M., M.D.R., H.L.K., D.H.L., D.J.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L.) and Cardiovascular Center (K.-W.L.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University (W.H.H.S.), School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University (I.-T.L.), and the Department of Medicine, China Medical University (K.-W.L.), Taichung, and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L., K.-W.L.), and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center (W.H.H.S.), Taipei - all in Taiwan; Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G., J.I.R., Y.-D.I.C.); the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Molecular Physiology Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (W.E.K., S.H.S.); the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet (A.B.W., B.G.N., A.T.-H.), the Copenhagen General Population Study (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry (B.G.N.), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, and the Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) - all in Copenhagen; and TNO Metabolic Health Research, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, the Netherlands (A.M.H., H.M.G.P.)
| | - Alex Lopez
- From Regeneron Genetics Center (F.E.D., C.O., C.S., O.G., S.M., C.V.V.H., S.B., L.H., A.L., J.P., N.S., A.J.M., J.D.O., J.G.R., A.R.S., I.B.B., T.M.T., G.D.Y., S.J.M., A. Baras) and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals (V.G., H.M.D., A.Z., W.S., N.S., A.J.M., S.H., A. Bouzelmat, R.Z., B.S., R.P., D.G., G.A.H., W.J.S., P.B., G.D.Y., S.J.M., J.G.) Tarrytown, NY; the Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics (R.L.D.), and Departments of Surgery (S.D.) and Genetics and Medicine (A.S., D.J.R.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and Geisinger Health System, Danville (J.B.L., M.F.M., M.D.R., H.L.K., D.H.L., D.J.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L.) and Cardiovascular Center (K.-W.L.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University (W.H.H.S.), School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University (I.-T.L.), and the Department of Medicine, China Medical University (K.-W.L.), Taichung, and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L., K.-W.L.), and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center (W.H.H.S.), Taipei - all in Taiwan; Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G., J.I.R., Y.-D.I.C.); the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Molecular Physiology Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (W.E.K., S.H.S.); the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet (A.B.W., B.G.N., A.T.-H.), the Copenhagen General Population Study (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry (B.G.N.), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, and the Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) - all in Copenhagen; and TNO Metabolic Health Research, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, the Netherlands (A.M.H., H.M.G.P.)
| | - John Penn
- From Regeneron Genetics Center (F.E.D., C.O., C.S., O.G., S.M., C.V.V.H., S.B., L.H., A.L., J.P., N.S., A.J.M., J.D.O., J.G.R., A.R.S., I.B.B., T.M.T., G.D.Y., S.J.M., A. Baras) and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals (V.G., H.M.D., A.Z., W.S., N.S., A.J.M., S.H., A. Bouzelmat, R.Z., B.S., R.P., D.G., G.A.H., W.J.S., P.B., G.D.Y., S.J.M., J.G.) Tarrytown, NY; the Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics (R.L.D.), and Departments of Surgery (S.D.) and Genetics and Medicine (A.S., D.J.R.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and Geisinger Health System, Danville (J.B.L., M.F.M., M.D.R., H.L.K., D.H.L., D.J.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L.) and Cardiovascular Center (K.-W.L.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University (W.H.H.S.), School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University (I.-T.L.), and the Department of Medicine, China Medical University (K.-W.L.), Taichung, and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L., K.-W.L.), and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center (W.H.H.S.), Taipei - all in Taiwan; Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G., J.I.R., Y.-D.I.C.); the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Molecular Physiology Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (W.E.K., S.H.S.); the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet (A.B.W., B.G.N., A.T.-H.), the Copenhagen General Population Study (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry (B.G.N.), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, and the Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) - all in Copenhagen; and TNO Metabolic Health Research, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, the Netherlands (A.M.H., H.M.G.P.)
| | - An Zhao
- From Regeneron Genetics Center (F.E.D., C.O., C.S., O.G., S.M., C.V.V.H., S.B., L.H., A.L., J.P., N.S., A.J.M., J.D.O., J.G.R., A.R.S., I.B.B., T.M.T., G.D.Y., S.J.M., A. Baras) and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals (V.G., H.M.D., A.Z., W.S., N.S., A.J.M., S.H., A. Bouzelmat, R.Z., B.S., R.P., D.G., G.A.H., W.J.S., P.B., G.D.Y., S.J.M., J.G.) Tarrytown, NY; the Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics (R.L.D.), and Departments of Surgery (S.D.) and Genetics and Medicine (A.S., D.J.R.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and Geisinger Health System, Danville (J.B.L., M.F.M., M.D.R., H.L.K., D.H.L., D.J.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L.) and Cardiovascular Center (K.-W.L.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University (W.H.H.S.), School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University (I.-T.L.), and the Department of Medicine, China Medical University (K.-W.L.), Taichung, and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L., K.-W.L.), and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center (W.H.H.S.), Taipei - all in Taiwan; Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G., J.I.R., Y.-D.I.C.); the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Molecular Physiology Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (W.E.K., S.H.S.); the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet (A.B.W., B.G.N., A.T.-H.), the Copenhagen General Population Study (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry (B.G.N.), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, and the Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) - all in Copenhagen; and TNO Metabolic Health Research, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, the Netherlands (A.M.H., H.M.G.P.)
| | - Weiping Shao
- From Regeneron Genetics Center (F.E.D., C.O., C.S., O.G., S.M., C.V.V.H., S.B., L.H., A.L., J.P., N.S., A.J.M., J.D.O., J.G.R., A.R.S., I.B.B., T.M.T., G.D.Y., S.J.M., A. Baras) and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals (V.G., H.M.D., A.Z., W.S., N.S., A.J.M., S.H., A. Bouzelmat, R.Z., B.S., R.P., D.G., G.A.H., W.J.S., P.B., G.D.Y., S.J.M., J.G.) Tarrytown, NY; the Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics (R.L.D.), and Departments of Surgery (S.D.) and Genetics and Medicine (A.S., D.J.R.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and Geisinger Health System, Danville (J.B.L., M.F.M., M.D.R., H.L.K., D.H.L., D.J.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L.) and Cardiovascular Center (K.-W.L.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University (W.H.H.S.), School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University (I.-T.L.), and the Department of Medicine, China Medical University (K.-W.L.), Taichung, and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L., K.-W.L.), and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center (W.H.H.S.), Taipei - all in Taiwan; Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G., J.I.R., Y.-D.I.C.); the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Molecular Physiology Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (W.E.K., S.H.S.); the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet (A.B.W., B.G.N., A.T.-H.), the Copenhagen General Population Study (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry (B.G.N.), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, and the Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) - all in Copenhagen; and TNO Metabolic Health Research, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, the Netherlands (A.M.H., H.M.G.P.)
| | - Neil Stahl
- From Regeneron Genetics Center (F.E.D., C.O., C.S., O.G., S.M., C.V.V.H., S.B., L.H., A.L., J.P., N.S., A.J.M., J.D.O., J.G.R., A.R.S., I.B.B., T.M.T., G.D.Y., S.J.M., A. Baras) and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals (V.G., H.M.D., A.Z., W.S., N.S., A.J.M., S.H., A. Bouzelmat, R.Z., B.S., R.P., D.G., G.A.H., W.J.S., P.B., G.D.Y., S.J.M., J.G.) Tarrytown, NY; the Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics (R.L.D.), and Departments of Surgery (S.D.) and Genetics and Medicine (A.S., D.J.R.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and Geisinger Health System, Danville (J.B.L., M.F.M., M.D.R., H.L.K., D.H.L., D.J.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L.) and Cardiovascular Center (K.-W.L.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University (W.H.H.S.), School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University (I.-T.L.), and the Department of Medicine, China Medical University (K.-W.L.), Taichung, and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L., K.-W.L.), and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center (W.H.H.S.), Taipei - all in Taiwan; Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G., J.I.R., Y.-D.I.C.); the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Molecular Physiology Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (W.E.K., S.H.S.); the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet (A.B.W., B.G.N., A.T.-H.), the Copenhagen General Population Study (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry (B.G.N.), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, and the Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) - all in Copenhagen; and TNO Metabolic Health Research, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, the Netherlands (A.M.H., H.M.G.P.)
| | - Andrew J Murphy
- From Regeneron Genetics Center (F.E.D., C.O., C.S., O.G., S.M., C.V.V.H., S.B., L.H., A.L., J.P., N.S., A.J.M., J.D.O., J.G.R., A.R.S., I.B.B., T.M.T., G.D.Y., S.J.M., A. Baras) and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals (V.G., H.M.D., A.Z., W.S., N.S., A.J.M., S.H., A. Bouzelmat, R.Z., B.S., R.P., D.G., G.A.H., W.J.S., P.B., G.D.Y., S.J.M., J.G.) Tarrytown, NY; the Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics (R.L.D.), and Departments of Surgery (S.D.) and Genetics and Medicine (A.S., D.J.R.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and Geisinger Health System, Danville (J.B.L., M.F.M., M.D.R., H.L.K., D.H.L., D.J.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L.) and Cardiovascular Center (K.-W.L.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University (W.H.H.S.), School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University (I.-T.L.), and the Department of Medicine, China Medical University (K.-W.L.), Taichung, and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L., K.-W.L.), and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center (W.H.H.S.), Taipei - all in Taiwan; Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G., J.I.R., Y.-D.I.C.); the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Molecular Physiology Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (W.E.K., S.H.S.); the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet (A.B.W., B.G.N., A.T.-H.), the Copenhagen General Population Study (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry (B.G.N.), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, and the Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) - all in Copenhagen; and TNO Metabolic Health Research, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, the Netherlands (A.M.H., H.M.G.P.)
| | - Sara Hamon
- From Regeneron Genetics Center (F.E.D., C.O., C.S., O.G., S.M., C.V.V.H., S.B., L.H., A.L., J.P., N.S., A.J.M., J.D.O., J.G.R., A.R.S., I.B.B., T.M.T., G.D.Y., S.J.M., A. Baras) and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals (V.G., H.M.D., A.Z., W.S., N.S., A.J.M., S.H., A. Bouzelmat, R.Z., B.S., R.P., D.G., G.A.H., W.J.S., P.B., G.D.Y., S.J.M., J.G.) Tarrytown, NY; the Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics (R.L.D.), and Departments of Surgery (S.D.) and Genetics and Medicine (A.S., D.J.R.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and Geisinger Health System, Danville (J.B.L., M.F.M., M.D.R., H.L.K., D.H.L., D.J.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L.) and Cardiovascular Center (K.-W.L.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University (W.H.H.S.), School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University (I.-T.L.), and the Department of Medicine, China Medical University (K.-W.L.), Taichung, and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L., K.-W.L.), and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center (W.H.H.S.), Taipei - all in Taiwan; Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G., J.I.R., Y.-D.I.C.); the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Molecular Physiology Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (W.E.K., S.H.S.); the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet (A.B.W., B.G.N., A.T.-H.), the Copenhagen General Population Study (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry (B.G.N.), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, and the Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) - all in Copenhagen; and TNO Metabolic Health Research, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, the Netherlands (A.M.H., H.M.G.P.)
| | - Aurelie Bouzelmat
- From Regeneron Genetics Center (F.E.D., C.O., C.S., O.G., S.M., C.V.V.H., S.B., L.H., A.L., J.P., N.S., A.J.M., J.D.O., J.G.R., A.R.S., I.B.B., T.M.T., G.D.Y., S.J.M., A. Baras) and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals (V.G., H.M.D., A.Z., W.S., N.S., A.J.M., S.H., A. Bouzelmat, R.Z., B.S., R.P., D.G., G.A.H., W.J.S., P.B., G.D.Y., S.J.M., J.G.) Tarrytown, NY; the Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics (R.L.D.), and Departments of Surgery (S.D.) and Genetics and Medicine (A.S., D.J.R.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and Geisinger Health System, Danville (J.B.L., M.F.M., M.D.R., H.L.K., D.H.L., D.J.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L.) and Cardiovascular Center (K.-W.L.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University (W.H.H.S.), School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University (I.-T.L.), and the Department of Medicine, China Medical University (K.-W.L.), Taichung, and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L., K.-W.L.), and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center (W.H.H.S.), Taipei - all in Taiwan; Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G., J.I.R., Y.-D.I.C.); the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Molecular Physiology Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (W.E.K., S.H.S.); the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet (A.B.W., B.G.N., A.T.-H.), the Copenhagen General Population Study (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry (B.G.N.), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, and the Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) - all in Copenhagen; and TNO Metabolic Health Research, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, the Netherlands (A.M.H., H.M.G.P.)
| | - Rick Zhang
- From Regeneron Genetics Center (F.E.D., C.O., C.S., O.G., S.M., C.V.V.H., S.B., L.H., A.L., J.P., N.S., A.J.M., J.D.O., J.G.R., A.R.S., I.B.B., T.M.T., G.D.Y., S.J.M., A. Baras) and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals (V.G., H.M.D., A.Z., W.S., N.S., A.J.M., S.H., A. Bouzelmat, R.Z., B.S., R.P., D.G., G.A.H., W.J.S., P.B., G.D.Y., S.J.M., J.G.) Tarrytown, NY; the Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics (R.L.D.), and Departments of Surgery (S.D.) and Genetics and Medicine (A.S., D.J.R.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and Geisinger Health System, Danville (J.B.L., M.F.M., M.D.R., H.L.K., D.H.L., D.J.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L.) and Cardiovascular Center (K.-W.L.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University (W.H.H.S.), School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University (I.-T.L.), and the Department of Medicine, China Medical University (K.-W.L.), Taichung, and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L., K.-W.L.), and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center (W.H.H.S.), Taipei - all in Taiwan; Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G., J.I.R., Y.-D.I.C.); the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Molecular Physiology Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (W.E.K., S.H.S.); the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet (A.B.W., B.G.N., A.T.-H.), the Copenhagen General Population Study (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry (B.G.N.), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, and the Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) - all in Copenhagen; and TNO Metabolic Health Research, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, the Netherlands (A.M.H., H.M.G.P.)
| | - Brad Shumel
- From Regeneron Genetics Center (F.E.D., C.O., C.S., O.G., S.M., C.V.V.H., S.B., L.H., A.L., J.P., N.S., A.J.M., J.D.O., J.G.R., A.R.S., I.B.B., T.M.T., G.D.Y., S.J.M., A. Baras) and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals (V.G., H.M.D., A.Z., W.S., N.S., A.J.M., S.H., A. Bouzelmat, R.Z., B.S., R.P., D.G., G.A.H., W.J.S., P.B., G.D.Y., S.J.M., J.G.) Tarrytown, NY; the Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics (R.L.D.), and Departments of Surgery (S.D.) and Genetics and Medicine (A.S., D.J.R.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and Geisinger Health System, Danville (J.B.L., M.F.M., M.D.R., H.L.K., D.H.L., D.J.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L.) and Cardiovascular Center (K.-W.L.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University (W.H.H.S.), School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University (I.-T.L.), and the Department of Medicine, China Medical University (K.-W.L.), Taichung, and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L., K.-W.L.), and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center (W.H.H.S.), Taipei - all in Taiwan; Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G., J.I.R., Y.-D.I.C.); the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Molecular Physiology Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (W.E.K., S.H.S.); the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet (A.B.W., B.G.N., A.T.-H.), the Copenhagen General Population Study (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry (B.G.N.), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, and the Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) - all in Copenhagen; and TNO Metabolic Health Research, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, the Netherlands (A.M.H., H.M.G.P.)
| | - Robert Pordy
- From Regeneron Genetics Center (F.E.D., C.O., C.S., O.G., S.M., C.V.V.H., S.B., L.H., A.L., J.P., N.S., A.J.M., J.D.O., J.G.R., A.R.S., I.B.B., T.M.T., G.D.Y., S.J.M., A. Baras) and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals (V.G., H.M.D., A.Z., W.S., N.S., A.J.M., S.H., A. Bouzelmat, R.Z., B.S., R.P., D.G., G.A.H., W.J.S., P.B., G.D.Y., S.J.M., J.G.) Tarrytown, NY; the Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics (R.L.D.), and Departments of Surgery (S.D.) and Genetics and Medicine (A.S., D.J.R.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and Geisinger Health System, Danville (J.B.L., M.F.M., M.D.R., H.L.K., D.H.L., D.J.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L.) and Cardiovascular Center (K.-W.L.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University (W.H.H.S.), School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University (I.-T.L.), and the Department of Medicine, China Medical University (K.-W.L.), Taichung, and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L., K.-W.L.), and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center (W.H.H.S.), Taipei - all in Taiwan; Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G., J.I.R., Y.-D.I.C.); the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Molecular Physiology Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (W.E.K., S.H.S.); the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet (A.B.W., B.G.N., A.T.-H.), the Copenhagen General Population Study (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry (B.G.N.), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, and the Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) - all in Copenhagen; and TNO Metabolic Health Research, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, the Netherlands (A.M.H., H.M.G.P.)
| | - Daniel Gipe
- From Regeneron Genetics Center (F.E.D., C.O., C.S., O.G., S.M., C.V.V.H., S.B., L.H., A.L., J.P., N.S., A.J.M., J.D.O., J.G.R., A.R.S., I.B.B., T.M.T., G.D.Y., S.J.M., A. Baras) and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals (V.G., H.M.D., A.Z., W.S., N.S., A.J.M., S.H., A. Bouzelmat, R.Z., B.S., R.P., D.G., G.A.H., W.J.S., P.B., G.D.Y., S.J.M., J.G.) Tarrytown, NY; the Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics (R.L.D.), and Departments of Surgery (S.D.) and Genetics and Medicine (A.S., D.J.R.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and Geisinger Health System, Danville (J.B.L., M.F.M., M.D.R., H.L.K., D.H.L., D.J.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L.) and Cardiovascular Center (K.-W.L.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University (W.H.H.S.), School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University (I.-T.L.), and the Department of Medicine, China Medical University (K.-W.L.), Taichung, and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L., K.-W.L.), and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center (W.H.H.S.), Taipei - all in Taiwan; Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G., J.I.R., Y.-D.I.C.); the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Molecular Physiology Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (W.E.K., S.H.S.); the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet (A.B.W., B.G.N., A.T.-H.), the Copenhagen General Population Study (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry (B.G.N.), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, and the Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) - all in Copenhagen; and TNO Metabolic Health Research, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, the Netherlands (A.M.H., H.M.G.P.)
| | - Gary A Herman
- From Regeneron Genetics Center (F.E.D., C.O., C.S., O.G., S.M., C.V.V.H., S.B., L.H., A.L., J.P., N.S., A.J.M., J.D.O., J.G.R., A.R.S., I.B.B., T.M.T., G.D.Y., S.J.M., A. Baras) and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals (V.G., H.M.D., A.Z., W.S., N.S., A.J.M., S.H., A. Bouzelmat, R.Z., B.S., R.P., D.G., G.A.H., W.J.S., P.B., G.D.Y., S.J.M., J.G.) Tarrytown, NY; the Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics (R.L.D.), and Departments of Surgery (S.D.) and Genetics and Medicine (A.S., D.J.R.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and Geisinger Health System, Danville (J.B.L., M.F.M., M.D.R., H.L.K., D.H.L., D.J.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L.) and Cardiovascular Center (K.-W.L.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University (W.H.H.S.), School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University (I.-T.L.), and the Department of Medicine, China Medical University (K.-W.L.), Taichung, and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L., K.-W.L.), and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center (W.H.H.S.), Taipei - all in Taiwan; Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G., J.I.R., Y.-D.I.C.); the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Molecular Physiology Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (W.E.K., S.H.S.); the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet (A.B.W., B.G.N., A.T.-H.), the Copenhagen General Population Study (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry (B.G.N.), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, and the Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) - all in Copenhagen; and TNO Metabolic Health Research, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, the Netherlands (A.M.H., H.M.G.P.)
| | - Wayne H H Sheu
- From Regeneron Genetics Center (F.E.D., C.O., C.S., O.G., S.M., C.V.V.H., S.B., L.H., A.L., J.P., N.S., A.J.M., J.D.O., J.G.R., A.R.S., I.B.B., T.M.T., G.D.Y., S.J.M., A. Baras) and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals (V.G., H.M.D., A.Z., W.S., N.S., A.J.M., S.H., A. Bouzelmat, R.Z., B.S., R.P., D.G., G.A.H., W.J.S., P.B., G.D.Y., S.J.M., J.G.) Tarrytown, NY; the Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics (R.L.D.), and Departments of Surgery (S.D.) and Genetics and Medicine (A.S., D.J.R.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and Geisinger Health System, Danville (J.B.L., M.F.M., M.D.R., H.L.K., D.H.L., D.J.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L.) and Cardiovascular Center (K.-W.L.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University (W.H.H.S.), School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University (I.-T.L.), and the Department of Medicine, China Medical University (K.-W.L.), Taichung, and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L., K.-W.L.), and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center (W.H.H.S.), Taipei - all in Taiwan; Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G., J.I.R., Y.-D.I.C.); the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Molecular Physiology Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (W.E.K., S.H.S.); the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet (A.B.W., B.G.N., A.T.-H.), the Copenhagen General Population Study (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry (B.G.N.), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, and the Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) - all in Copenhagen; and TNO Metabolic Health Research, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, the Netherlands (A.M.H., H.M.G.P.)
| | - I-Te Lee
- From Regeneron Genetics Center (F.E.D., C.O., C.S., O.G., S.M., C.V.V.H., S.B., L.H., A.L., J.P., N.S., A.J.M., J.D.O., J.G.R., A.R.S., I.B.B., T.M.T., G.D.Y., S.J.M., A. Baras) and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals (V.G., H.M.D., A.Z., W.S., N.S., A.J.M., S.H., A. Bouzelmat, R.Z., B.S., R.P., D.G., G.A.H., W.J.S., P.B., G.D.Y., S.J.M., J.G.) Tarrytown, NY; the Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics (R.L.D.), and Departments of Surgery (S.D.) and Genetics and Medicine (A.S., D.J.R.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and Geisinger Health System, Danville (J.B.L., M.F.M., M.D.R., H.L.K., D.H.L., D.J.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L.) and Cardiovascular Center (K.-W.L.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University (W.H.H.S.), School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University (I.-T.L.), and the Department of Medicine, China Medical University (K.-W.L.), Taichung, and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L., K.-W.L.), and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center (W.H.H.S.), Taipei - all in Taiwan; Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G., J.I.R., Y.-D.I.C.); the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Molecular Physiology Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (W.E.K., S.H.S.); the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet (A.B.W., B.G.N., A.T.-H.), the Copenhagen General Population Study (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry (B.G.N.), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, and the Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) - all in Copenhagen; and TNO Metabolic Health Research, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, the Netherlands (A.M.H., H.M.G.P.)
| | - Kae-Woei Liang
- From Regeneron Genetics Center (F.E.D., C.O., C.S., O.G., S.M., C.V.V.H., S.B., L.H., A.L., J.P., N.S., A.J.M., J.D.O., J.G.R., A.R.S., I.B.B., T.M.T., G.D.Y., S.J.M., A. Baras) and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals (V.G., H.M.D., A.Z., W.S., N.S., A.J.M., S.H., A. Bouzelmat, R.Z., B.S., R.P., D.G., G.A.H., W.J.S., P.B., G.D.Y., S.J.M., J.G.) Tarrytown, NY; the Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics (R.L.D.), and Departments of Surgery (S.D.) and Genetics and Medicine (A.S., D.J.R.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and Geisinger Health System, Danville (J.B.L., M.F.M., M.D.R., H.L.K., D.H.L., D.J.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L.) and Cardiovascular Center (K.-W.L.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University (W.H.H.S.), School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University (I.-T.L.), and the Department of Medicine, China Medical University (K.-W.L.), Taichung, and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L., K.-W.L.), and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center (W.H.H.S.), Taipei - all in Taiwan; Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G., J.I.R., Y.-D.I.C.); the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Molecular Physiology Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (W.E.K., S.H.S.); the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet (A.B.W., B.G.N., A.T.-H.), the Copenhagen General Population Study (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry (B.G.N.), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, and the Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) - all in Copenhagen; and TNO Metabolic Health Research, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, the Netherlands (A.M.H., H.M.G.P.)
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- From Regeneron Genetics Center (F.E.D., C.O., C.S., O.G., S.M., C.V.V.H., S.B., L.H., A.L., J.P., N.S., A.J.M., J.D.O., J.G.R., A.R.S., I.B.B., T.M.T., G.D.Y., S.J.M., A. Baras) and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals (V.G., H.M.D., A.Z., W.S., N.S., A.J.M., S.H., A. Bouzelmat, R.Z., B.S., R.P., D.G., G.A.H., W.J.S., P.B., G.D.Y., S.J.M., J.G.) Tarrytown, NY; the Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics (R.L.D.), and Departments of Surgery (S.D.) and Genetics and Medicine (A.S., D.J.R.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and Geisinger Health System, Danville (J.B.L., M.F.M., M.D.R., H.L.K., D.H.L., D.J.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L.) and Cardiovascular Center (K.-W.L.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University (W.H.H.S.), School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University (I.-T.L.), and the Department of Medicine, China Medical University (K.-W.L.), Taichung, and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L., K.-W.L.), and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center (W.H.H.S.), Taipei - all in Taiwan; Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G., J.I.R., Y.-D.I.C.); the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Molecular Physiology Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (W.E.K., S.H.S.); the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet (A.B.W., B.G.N., A.T.-H.), the Copenhagen General Population Study (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry (B.G.N.), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, and the Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) - all in Copenhagen; and TNO Metabolic Health Research, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, the Netherlands (A.M.H., H.M.G.P.)
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- From Regeneron Genetics Center (F.E.D., C.O., C.S., O.G., S.M., C.V.V.H., S.B., L.H., A.L., J.P., N.S., A.J.M., J.D.O., J.G.R., A.R.S., I.B.B., T.M.T., G.D.Y., S.J.M., A. Baras) and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals (V.G., H.M.D., A.Z., W.S., N.S., A.J.M., S.H., A. Bouzelmat, R.Z., B.S., R.P., D.G., G.A.H., W.J.S., P.B., G.D.Y., S.J.M., J.G.) Tarrytown, NY; the Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics (R.L.D.), and Departments of Surgery (S.D.) and Genetics and Medicine (A.S., D.J.R.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and Geisinger Health System, Danville (J.B.L., M.F.M., M.D.R., H.L.K., D.H.L., D.J.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L.) and Cardiovascular Center (K.-W.L.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University (W.H.H.S.), School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University (I.-T.L.), and the Department of Medicine, China Medical University (K.-W.L.), Taichung, and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L., K.-W.L.), and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center (W.H.H.S.), Taipei - all in Taiwan; Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G., J.I.R., Y.-D.I.C.); the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Molecular Physiology Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (W.E.K., S.H.S.); the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet (A.B.W., B.G.N., A.T.-H.), the Copenhagen General Population Study (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry (B.G.N.), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, and the Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) - all in Copenhagen; and TNO Metabolic Health Research, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, the Netherlands (A.M.H., H.M.G.P.)
| | - Yii-Der I Chen
- From Regeneron Genetics Center (F.E.D., C.O., C.S., O.G., S.M., C.V.V.H., S.B., L.H., A.L., J.P., N.S., A.J.M., J.D.O., J.G.R., A.R.S., I.B.B., T.M.T., G.D.Y., S.J.M., A. Baras) and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals (V.G., H.M.D., A.Z., W.S., N.S., A.J.M., S.H., A. Bouzelmat, R.Z., B.S., R.P., D.G., G.A.H., W.J.S., P.B., G.D.Y., S.J.M., J.G.) Tarrytown, NY; the Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics (R.L.D.), and Departments of Surgery (S.D.) and Genetics and Medicine (A.S., D.J.R.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and Geisinger Health System, Danville (J.B.L., M.F.M., M.D.R., H.L.K., D.H.L., D.J.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L.) and Cardiovascular Center (K.-W.L.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University (W.H.H.S.), School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University (I.-T.L.), and the Department of Medicine, China Medical University (K.-W.L.), Taichung, and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L., K.-W.L.), and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center (W.H.H.S.), Taipei - all in Taiwan; Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G., J.I.R., Y.-D.I.C.); the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Molecular Physiology Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (W.E.K., S.H.S.); the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet (A.B.W., B.G.N., A.T.-H.), the Copenhagen General Population Study (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry (B.G.N.), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, and the Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) - all in Copenhagen; and TNO Metabolic Health Research, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, the Netherlands (A.M.H., H.M.G.P.)
| | - William E Kraus
- From Regeneron Genetics Center (F.E.D., C.O., C.S., O.G., S.M., C.V.V.H., S.B., L.H., A.L., J.P., N.S., A.J.M., J.D.O., J.G.R., A.R.S., I.B.B., T.M.T., G.D.Y., S.J.M., A. Baras) and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals (V.G., H.M.D., A.Z., W.S., N.S., A.J.M., S.H., A. Bouzelmat, R.Z., B.S., R.P., D.G., G.A.H., W.J.S., P.B., G.D.Y., S.J.M., J.G.) Tarrytown, NY; the Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics (R.L.D.), and Departments of Surgery (S.D.) and Genetics and Medicine (A.S., D.J.R.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and Geisinger Health System, Danville (J.B.L., M.F.M., M.D.R., H.L.K., D.H.L., D.J.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L.) and Cardiovascular Center (K.-W.L.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University (W.H.H.S.), School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University (I.-T.L.), and the Department of Medicine, China Medical University (K.-W.L.), Taichung, and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L., K.-W.L.), and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center (W.H.H.S.), Taipei - all in Taiwan; Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G., J.I.R., Y.-D.I.C.); the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Molecular Physiology Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (W.E.K., S.H.S.); the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet (A.B.W., B.G.N., A.T.-H.), the Copenhagen General Population Study (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry (B.G.N.), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, and the Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) - all in Copenhagen; and TNO Metabolic Health Research, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, the Netherlands (A.M.H., H.M.G.P.)
| | - Svati H Shah
- From Regeneron Genetics Center (F.E.D., C.O., C.S., O.G., S.M., C.V.V.H., S.B., L.H., A.L., J.P., N.S., A.J.M., J.D.O., J.G.R., A.R.S., I.B.B., T.M.T., G.D.Y., S.J.M., A. Baras) and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals (V.G., H.M.D., A.Z., W.S., N.S., A.J.M., S.H., A. Bouzelmat, R.Z., B.S., R.P., D.G., G.A.H., W.J.S., P.B., G.D.Y., S.J.M., J.G.) Tarrytown, NY; the Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics (R.L.D.), and Departments of Surgery (S.D.) and Genetics and Medicine (A.S., D.J.R.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and Geisinger Health System, Danville (J.B.L., M.F.M., M.D.R., H.L.K., D.H.L., D.J.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L.) and Cardiovascular Center (K.-W.L.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University (W.H.H.S.), School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University (I.-T.L.), and the Department of Medicine, China Medical University (K.-W.L.), Taichung, and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L., K.-W.L.), and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center (W.H.H.S.), Taipei - all in Taiwan; Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G., J.I.R., Y.-D.I.C.); the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Molecular Physiology Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (W.E.K., S.H.S.); the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet (A.B.W., B.G.N., A.T.-H.), the Copenhagen General Population Study (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry (B.G.N.), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, and the Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) - all in Copenhagen; and TNO Metabolic Health Research, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, the Netherlands (A.M.H., H.M.G.P.)
| | - Scott Damrauer
- From Regeneron Genetics Center (F.E.D., C.O., C.S., O.G., S.M., C.V.V.H., S.B., L.H., A.L., J.P., N.S., A.J.M., J.D.O., J.G.R., A.R.S., I.B.B., T.M.T., G.D.Y., S.J.M., A. Baras) and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals (V.G., H.M.D., A.Z., W.S., N.S., A.J.M., S.H., A. Bouzelmat, R.Z., B.S., R.P., D.G., G.A.H., W.J.S., P.B., G.D.Y., S.J.M., J.G.) Tarrytown, NY; the Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics (R.L.D.), and Departments of Surgery (S.D.) and Genetics and Medicine (A.S., D.J.R.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and Geisinger Health System, Danville (J.B.L., M.F.M., M.D.R., H.L.K., D.H.L., D.J.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L.) and Cardiovascular Center (K.-W.L.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University (W.H.H.S.), School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University (I.-T.L.), and the Department of Medicine, China Medical University (K.-W.L.), Taichung, and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L., K.-W.L.), and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center (W.H.H.S.), Taipei - all in Taiwan; Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G., J.I.R., Y.-D.I.C.); the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Molecular Physiology Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (W.E.K., S.H.S.); the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet (A.B.W., B.G.N., A.T.-H.), the Copenhagen General Population Study (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry (B.G.N.), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, and the Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) - all in Copenhagen; and TNO Metabolic Health Research, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, the Netherlands (A.M.H., H.M.G.P.)
| | - Aeron Small
- From Regeneron Genetics Center (F.E.D., C.O., C.S., O.G., S.M., C.V.V.H., S.B., L.H., A.L., J.P., N.S., A.J.M., J.D.O., J.G.R., A.R.S., I.B.B., T.M.T., G.D.Y., S.J.M., A. Baras) and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals (V.G., H.M.D., A.Z., W.S., N.S., A.J.M., S.H., A. Bouzelmat, R.Z., B.S., R.P., D.G., G.A.H., W.J.S., P.B., G.D.Y., S.J.M., J.G.) Tarrytown, NY; the Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics (R.L.D.), and Departments of Surgery (S.D.) and Genetics and Medicine (A.S., D.J.R.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and Geisinger Health System, Danville (J.B.L., M.F.M., M.D.R., H.L.K., D.H.L., D.J.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L.) and Cardiovascular Center (K.-W.L.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University (W.H.H.S.), School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University (I.-T.L.), and the Department of Medicine, China Medical University (K.-W.L.), Taichung, and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L., K.-W.L.), and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center (W.H.H.S.), Taipei - all in Taiwan; Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G., J.I.R., Y.-D.I.C.); the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Molecular Physiology Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (W.E.K., S.H.S.); the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet (A.B.W., B.G.N., A.T.-H.), the Copenhagen General Population Study (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry (B.G.N.), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, and the Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) - all in Copenhagen; and TNO Metabolic Health Research, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, the Netherlands (A.M.H., H.M.G.P.)
| | - Daniel J Rader
- From Regeneron Genetics Center (F.E.D., C.O., C.S., O.G., S.M., C.V.V.H., S.B., L.H., A.L., J.P., N.S., A.J.M., J.D.O., J.G.R., A.R.S., I.B.B., T.M.T., G.D.Y., S.J.M., A. Baras) and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals (V.G., H.M.D., A.Z., W.S., N.S., A.J.M., S.H., A. Bouzelmat, R.Z., B.S., R.P., D.G., G.A.H., W.J.S., P.B., G.D.Y., S.J.M., J.G.) Tarrytown, NY; the Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics (R.L.D.), and Departments of Surgery (S.D.) and Genetics and Medicine (A.S., D.J.R.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and Geisinger Health System, Danville (J.B.L., M.F.M., M.D.R., H.L.K., D.H.L., D.J.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L.) and Cardiovascular Center (K.-W.L.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University (W.H.H.S.), School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University (I.-T.L.), and the Department of Medicine, China Medical University (K.-W.L.), Taichung, and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L., K.-W.L.), and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center (W.H.H.S.), Taipei - all in Taiwan; Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G., J.I.R., Y.-D.I.C.); the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Molecular Physiology Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (W.E.K., S.H.S.); the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet (A.B.W., B.G.N., A.T.-H.), the Copenhagen General Population Study (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry (B.G.N.), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, and the Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) - all in Copenhagen; and TNO Metabolic Health Research, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, the Netherlands (A.M.H., H.M.G.P.)
| | - Anders Berg Wulff
- From Regeneron Genetics Center (F.E.D., C.O., C.S., O.G., S.M., C.V.V.H., S.B., L.H., A.L., J.P., N.S., A.J.M., J.D.O., J.G.R., A.R.S., I.B.B., T.M.T., G.D.Y., S.J.M., A. Baras) and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals (V.G., H.M.D., A.Z., W.S., N.S., A.J.M., S.H., A. Bouzelmat, R.Z., B.S., R.P., D.G., G.A.H., W.J.S., P.B., G.D.Y., S.J.M., J.G.) Tarrytown, NY; the Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics (R.L.D.), and Departments of Surgery (S.D.) and Genetics and Medicine (A.S., D.J.R.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and Geisinger Health System, Danville (J.B.L., M.F.M., M.D.R., H.L.K., D.H.L., D.J.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L.) and Cardiovascular Center (K.-W.L.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University (W.H.H.S.), School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University (I.-T.L.), and the Department of Medicine, China Medical University (K.-W.L.), Taichung, and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L., K.-W.L.), and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center (W.H.H.S.), Taipei - all in Taiwan; Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G., J.I.R., Y.-D.I.C.); the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Molecular Physiology Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (W.E.K., S.H.S.); the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet (A.B.W., B.G.N., A.T.-H.), the Copenhagen General Population Study (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry (B.G.N.), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, and the Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) - all in Copenhagen; and TNO Metabolic Health Research, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, the Netherlands (A.M.H., H.M.G.P.)
| | - Børge G Nordestgaard
- From Regeneron Genetics Center (F.E.D., C.O., C.S., O.G., S.M., C.V.V.H., S.B., L.H., A.L., J.P., N.S., A.J.M., J.D.O., J.G.R., A.R.S., I.B.B., T.M.T., G.D.Y., S.J.M., A. Baras) and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals (V.G., H.M.D., A.Z., W.S., N.S., A.J.M., S.H., A. Bouzelmat, R.Z., B.S., R.P., D.G., G.A.H., W.J.S., P.B., G.D.Y., S.J.M., J.G.) Tarrytown, NY; the Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics (R.L.D.), and Departments of Surgery (S.D.) and Genetics and Medicine (A.S., D.J.R.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and Geisinger Health System, Danville (J.B.L., M.F.M., M.D.R., H.L.K., D.H.L., D.J.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L.) and Cardiovascular Center (K.-W.L.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University (W.H.H.S.), School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University (I.-T.L.), and the Department of Medicine, China Medical University (K.-W.L.), Taichung, and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L., K.-W.L.), and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center (W.H.H.S.), Taipei - all in Taiwan; Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G., J.I.R., Y.-D.I.C.); the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Molecular Physiology Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (W.E.K., S.H.S.); the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet (A.B.W., B.G.N., A.T.-H.), the Copenhagen General Population Study (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry (B.G.N.), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, and the Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) - all in Copenhagen; and TNO Metabolic Health Research, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, the Netherlands (A.M.H., H.M.G.P.)
| | - Anne Tybjærg-Hansen
- From Regeneron Genetics Center (F.E.D., C.O., C.S., O.G., S.M., C.V.V.H., S.B., L.H., A.L., J.P., N.S., A.J.M., J.D.O., J.G.R., A.R.S., I.B.B., T.M.T., G.D.Y., S.J.M., A. Baras) and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals (V.G., H.M.D., A.Z., W.S., N.S., A.J.M., S.H., A. Bouzelmat, R.Z., B.S., R.P., D.G., G.A.H., W.J.S., P.B., G.D.Y., S.J.M., J.G.) Tarrytown, NY; the Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics (R.L.D.), and Departments of Surgery (S.D.) and Genetics and Medicine (A.S., D.J.R.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and Geisinger Health System, Danville (J.B.L., M.F.M., M.D.R., H.L.K., D.H.L., D.J.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L.) and Cardiovascular Center (K.-W.L.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University (W.H.H.S.), School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University (I.-T.L.), and the Department of Medicine, China Medical University (K.-W.L.), Taichung, and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L., K.-W.L.), and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center (W.H.H.S.), Taipei - all in Taiwan; Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G., J.I.R., Y.-D.I.C.); the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Molecular Physiology Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (W.E.K., S.H.S.); the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet (A.B.W., B.G.N., A.T.-H.), the Copenhagen General Population Study (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry (B.G.N.), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, and the Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) - all in Copenhagen; and TNO Metabolic Health Research, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, the Netherlands (A.M.H., H.M.G.P.)
| | - Anita M van den Hoek
- From Regeneron Genetics Center (F.E.D., C.O., C.S., O.G., S.M., C.V.V.H., S.B., L.H., A.L., J.P., N.S., A.J.M., J.D.O., J.G.R., A.R.S., I.B.B., T.M.T., G.D.Y., S.J.M., A. Baras) and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals (V.G., H.M.D., A.Z., W.S., N.S., A.J.M., S.H., A. Bouzelmat, R.Z., B.S., R.P., D.G., G.A.H., W.J.S., P.B., G.D.Y., S.J.M., J.G.) Tarrytown, NY; the Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics (R.L.D.), and Departments of Surgery (S.D.) and Genetics and Medicine (A.S., D.J.R.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and Geisinger Health System, Danville (J.B.L., M.F.M., M.D.R., H.L.K., D.H.L., D.J.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L.) and Cardiovascular Center (K.-W.L.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University (W.H.H.S.), School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University (I.-T.L.), and the Department of Medicine, China Medical University (K.-W.L.), Taichung, and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L., K.-W.L.), and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center (W.H.H.S.), Taipei - all in Taiwan; Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G., J.I.R., Y.-D.I.C.); the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Molecular Physiology Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (W.E.K., S.H.S.); the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet (A.B.W., B.G.N., A.T.-H.), the Copenhagen General Population Study (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry (B.G.N.), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, and the Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) - all in Copenhagen; and TNO Metabolic Health Research, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, the Netherlands (A.M.H., H.M.G.P.)
| | - Hans M G Princen
- From Regeneron Genetics Center (F.E.D., C.O., C.S., O.G., S.M., C.V.V.H., S.B., L.H., A.L., J.P., N.S., A.J.M., J.D.O., J.G.R., A.R.S., I.B.B., T.M.T., G.D.Y., S.J.M., A. Baras) and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals (V.G., H.M.D., A.Z., W.S., N.S., A.J.M., S.H., A. Bouzelmat, R.Z., B.S., R.P., D.G., G.A.H., W.J.S., P.B., G.D.Y., S.J.M., J.G.) Tarrytown, NY; the Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics (R.L.D.), and Departments of Surgery (S.D.) and Genetics and Medicine (A.S., D.J.R.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and Geisinger Health System, Danville (J.B.L., M.F.M., M.D.R., H.L.K., D.H.L., D.J.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L.) and Cardiovascular Center (K.-W.L.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University (W.H.H.S.), School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University (I.-T.L.), and the Department of Medicine, China Medical University (K.-W.L.), Taichung, and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L., K.-W.L.), and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center (W.H.H.S.), Taipei - all in Taiwan; Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G., J.I.R., Y.-D.I.C.); the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Molecular Physiology Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (W.E.K., S.H.S.); the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet (A.B.W., B.G.N., A.T.-H.), the Copenhagen General Population Study (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry (B.G.N.), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, and the Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) - all in Copenhagen; and TNO Metabolic Health Research, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, the Netherlands (A.M.H., H.M.G.P.)
| | - David H Ledbetter
- From Regeneron Genetics Center (F.E.D., C.O., C.S., O.G., S.M., C.V.V.H., S.B., L.H., A.L., J.P., N.S., A.J.M., J.D.O., J.G.R., A.R.S., I.B.B., T.M.T., G.D.Y., S.J.M., A. Baras) and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals (V.G., H.M.D., A.Z., W.S., N.S., A.J.M., S.H., A. Bouzelmat, R.Z., B.S., R.P., D.G., G.A.H., W.J.S., P.B., G.D.Y., S.J.M., J.G.) Tarrytown, NY; the Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics (R.L.D.), and Departments of Surgery (S.D.) and Genetics and Medicine (A.S., D.J.R.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and Geisinger Health System, Danville (J.B.L., M.F.M., M.D.R., H.L.K., D.H.L., D.J.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L.) and Cardiovascular Center (K.-W.L.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University (W.H.H.S.), School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University (I.-T.L.), and the Department of Medicine, China Medical University (K.-W.L.), Taichung, and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L., K.-W.L.), and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center (W.H.H.S.), Taipei - all in Taiwan; Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G., J.I.R., Y.-D.I.C.); the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Molecular Physiology Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (W.E.K., S.H.S.); the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet (A.B.W., B.G.N., A.T.-H.), the Copenhagen General Population Study (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry (B.G.N.), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, and the Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) - all in Copenhagen; and TNO Metabolic Health Research, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, the Netherlands (A.M.H., H.M.G.P.)
| | - David J Carey
- From Regeneron Genetics Center (F.E.D., C.O., C.S., O.G., S.M., C.V.V.H., S.B., L.H., A.L., J.P., N.S., A.J.M., J.D.O., J.G.R., A.R.S., I.B.B., T.M.T., G.D.Y., S.J.M., A. Baras) and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals (V.G., H.M.D., A.Z., W.S., N.S., A.J.M., S.H., A. Bouzelmat, R.Z., B.S., R.P., D.G., G.A.H., W.J.S., P.B., G.D.Y., S.J.M., J.G.) Tarrytown, NY; the Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics (R.L.D.), and Departments of Surgery (S.D.) and Genetics and Medicine (A.S., D.J.R.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and Geisinger Health System, Danville (J.B.L., M.F.M., M.D.R., H.L.K., D.H.L., D.J.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L.) and Cardiovascular Center (K.-W.L.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University (W.H.H.S.), School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University (I.-T.L.), and the Department of Medicine, China Medical University (K.-W.L.), Taichung, and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L., K.-W.L.), and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center (W.H.H.S.), Taipei - all in Taiwan; Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G., J.I.R., Y.-D.I.C.); the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Molecular Physiology Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (W.E.K., S.H.S.); the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet (A.B.W., B.G.N., A.T.-H.), the Copenhagen General Population Study (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry (B.G.N.), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, and the Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) - all in Copenhagen; and TNO Metabolic Health Research, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, the Netherlands (A.M.H., H.M.G.P.)
| | - John D Overton
- From Regeneron Genetics Center (F.E.D., C.O., C.S., O.G., S.M., C.V.V.H., S.B., L.H., A.L., J.P., N.S., A.J.M., J.D.O., J.G.R., A.R.S., I.B.B., T.M.T., G.D.Y., S.J.M., A. Baras) and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals (V.G., H.M.D., A.Z., W.S., N.S., A.J.M., S.H., A. Bouzelmat, R.Z., B.S., R.P., D.G., G.A.H., W.J.S., P.B., G.D.Y., S.J.M., J.G.) Tarrytown, NY; the Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics (R.L.D.), and Departments of Surgery (S.D.) and Genetics and Medicine (A.S., D.J.R.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and Geisinger Health System, Danville (J.B.L., M.F.M., M.D.R., H.L.K., D.H.L., D.J.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L.) and Cardiovascular Center (K.-W.L.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University (W.H.H.S.), School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University (I.-T.L.), and the Department of Medicine, China Medical University (K.-W.L.), Taichung, and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L., K.-W.L.), and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center (W.H.H.S.), Taipei - all in Taiwan; Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G., J.I.R., Y.-D.I.C.); the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Molecular Physiology Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (W.E.K., S.H.S.); the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet (A.B.W., B.G.N., A.T.-H.), the Copenhagen General Population Study (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry (B.G.N.), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, and the Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) - all in Copenhagen; and TNO Metabolic Health Research, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, the Netherlands (A.M.H., H.M.G.P.)
| | - Jeffrey G Reid
- From Regeneron Genetics Center (F.E.D., C.O., C.S., O.G., S.M., C.V.V.H., S.B., L.H., A.L., J.P., N.S., A.J.M., J.D.O., J.G.R., A.R.S., I.B.B., T.M.T., G.D.Y., S.J.M., A. Baras) and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals (V.G., H.M.D., A.Z., W.S., N.S., A.J.M., S.H., A. Bouzelmat, R.Z., B.S., R.P., D.G., G.A.H., W.J.S., P.B., G.D.Y., S.J.M., J.G.) Tarrytown, NY; the Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics (R.L.D.), and Departments of Surgery (S.D.) and Genetics and Medicine (A.S., D.J.R.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and Geisinger Health System, Danville (J.B.L., M.F.M., M.D.R., H.L.K., D.H.L., D.J.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L.) and Cardiovascular Center (K.-W.L.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University (W.H.H.S.), School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University (I.-T.L.), and the Department of Medicine, China Medical University (K.-W.L.), Taichung, and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L., K.-W.L.), and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center (W.H.H.S.), Taipei - all in Taiwan; Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G., J.I.R., Y.-D.I.C.); the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Molecular Physiology Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (W.E.K., S.H.S.); the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet (A.B.W., B.G.N., A.T.-H.), the Copenhagen General Population Study (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry (B.G.N.), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, and the Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) - all in Copenhagen; and TNO Metabolic Health Research, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, the Netherlands (A.M.H., H.M.G.P.)
| | - William J Sasiela
- From Regeneron Genetics Center (F.E.D., C.O., C.S., O.G., S.M., C.V.V.H., S.B., L.H., A.L., J.P., N.S., A.J.M., J.D.O., J.G.R., A.R.S., I.B.B., T.M.T., G.D.Y., S.J.M., A. Baras) and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals (V.G., H.M.D., A.Z., W.S., N.S., A.J.M., S.H., A. Bouzelmat, R.Z., B.S., R.P., D.G., G.A.H., W.J.S., P.B., G.D.Y., S.J.M., J.G.) Tarrytown, NY; the Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics (R.L.D.), and Departments of Surgery (S.D.) and Genetics and Medicine (A.S., D.J.R.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and Geisinger Health System, Danville (J.B.L., M.F.M., M.D.R., H.L.K., D.H.L., D.J.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L.) and Cardiovascular Center (K.-W.L.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University (W.H.H.S.), School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University (I.-T.L.), and the Department of Medicine, China Medical University (K.-W.L.), Taichung, and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L., K.-W.L.), and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center (W.H.H.S.), Taipei - all in Taiwan; Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G., J.I.R., Y.-D.I.C.); the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Molecular Physiology Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (W.E.K., S.H.S.); the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet (A.B.W., B.G.N., A.T.-H.), the Copenhagen General Population Study (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry (B.G.N.), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, and the Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) - all in Copenhagen; and TNO Metabolic Health Research, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, the Netherlands (A.M.H., H.M.G.P.)
| | - Poulabi Banerjee
- From Regeneron Genetics Center (F.E.D., C.O., C.S., O.G., S.M., C.V.V.H., S.B., L.H., A.L., J.P., N.S., A.J.M., J.D.O., J.G.R., A.R.S., I.B.B., T.M.T., G.D.Y., S.J.M., A. Baras) and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals (V.G., H.M.D., A.Z., W.S., N.S., A.J.M., S.H., A. Bouzelmat, R.Z., B.S., R.P., D.G., G.A.H., W.J.S., P.B., G.D.Y., S.J.M., J.G.) Tarrytown, NY; the Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics (R.L.D.), and Departments of Surgery (S.D.) and Genetics and Medicine (A.S., D.J.R.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and Geisinger Health System, Danville (J.B.L., M.F.M., M.D.R., H.L.K., D.H.L., D.J.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L.) and Cardiovascular Center (K.-W.L.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University (W.H.H.S.), School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University (I.-T.L.), and the Department of Medicine, China Medical University (K.-W.L.), Taichung, and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L., K.-W.L.), and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center (W.H.H.S.), Taipei - all in Taiwan; Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G., J.I.R., Y.-D.I.C.); the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Molecular Physiology Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (W.E.K., S.H.S.); the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet (A.B.W., B.G.N., A.T.-H.), the Copenhagen General Population Study (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry (B.G.N.), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, and the Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) - all in Copenhagen; and TNO Metabolic Health Research, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, the Netherlands (A.M.H., H.M.G.P.)
| | - Alan R Shuldiner
- From Regeneron Genetics Center (F.E.D., C.O., C.S., O.G., S.M., C.V.V.H., S.B., L.H., A.L., J.P., N.S., A.J.M., J.D.O., J.G.R., A.R.S., I.B.B., T.M.T., G.D.Y., S.J.M., A. Baras) and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals (V.G., H.M.D., A.Z., W.S., N.S., A.J.M., S.H., A. Bouzelmat, R.Z., B.S., R.P., D.G., G.A.H., W.J.S., P.B., G.D.Y., S.J.M., J.G.) Tarrytown, NY; the Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics (R.L.D.), and Departments of Surgery (S.D.) and Genetics and Medicine (A.S., D.J.R.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and Geisinger Health System, Danville (J.B.L., M.F.M., M.D.R., H.L.K., D.H.L., D.J.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L.) and Cardiovascular Center (K.-W.L.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University (W.H.H.S.), School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University (I.-T.L.), and the Department of Medicine, China Medical University (K.-W.L.), Taichung, and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L., K.-W.L.), and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center (W.H.H.S.), Taipei - all in Taiwan; Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G., J.I.R., Y.-D.I.C.); the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Molecular Physiology Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (W.E.K., S.H.S.); the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet (A.B.W., B.G.N., A.T.-H.), the Copenhagen General Population Study (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry (B.G.N.), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, and the Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) - all in Copenhagen; and TNO Metabolic Health Research, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, the Netherlands (A.M.H., H.M.G.P.)
| | - Ingrid B Borecki
- From Regeneron Genetics Center (F.E.D., C.O., C.S., O.G., S.M., C.V.V.H., S.B., L.H., A.L., J.P., N.S., A.J.M., J.D.O., J.G.R., A.R.S., I.B.B., T.M.T., G.D.Y., S.J.M., A. Baras) and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals (V.G., H.M.D., A.Z., W.S., N.S., A.J.M., S.H., A. Bouzelmat, R.Z., B.S., R.P., D.G., G.A.H., W.J.S., P.B., G.D.Y., S.J.M., J.G.) Tarrytown, NY; the Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics (R.L.D.), and Departments of Surgery (S.D.) and Genetics and Medicine (A.S., D.J.R.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and Geisinger Health System, Danville (J.B.L., M.F.M., M.D.R., H.L.K., D.H.L., D.J.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L.) and Cardiovascular Center (K.-W.L.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University (W.H.H.S.), School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University (I.-T.L.), and the Department of Medicine, China Medical University (K.-W.L.), Taichung, and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L., K.-W.L.), and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center (W.H.H.S.), Taipei - all in Taiwan; Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G., J.I.R., Y.-D.I.C.); the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Molecular Physiology Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (W.E.K., S.H.S.); the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet (A.B.W., B.G.N., A.T.-H.), the Copenhagen General Population Study (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry (B.G.N.), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, and the Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) - all in Copenhagen; and TNO Metabolic Health Research, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, the Netherlands (A.M.H., H.M.G.P.)
| | - Tanya M Teslovich
- From Regeneron Genetics Center (F.E.D., C.O., C.S., O.G., S.M., C.V.V.H., S.B., L.H., A.L., J.P., N.S., A.J.M., J.D.O., J.G.R., A.R.S., I.B.B., T.M.T., G.D.Y., S.J.M., A. Baras) and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals (V.G., H.M.D., A.Z., W.S., N.S., A.J.M., S.H., A. Bouzelmat, R.Z., B.S., R.P., D.G., G.A.H., W.J.S., P.B., G.D.Y., S.J.M., J.G.) Tarrytown, NY; the Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics (R.L.D.), and Departments of Surgery (S.D.) and Genetics and Medicine (A.S., D.J.R.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and Geisinger Health System, Danville (J.B.L., M.F.M., M.D.R., H.L.K., D.H.L., D.J.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L.) and Cardiovascular Center (K.-W.L.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University (W.H.H.S.), School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University (I.-T.L.), and the Department of Medicine, China Medical University (K.-W.L.), Taichung, and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L., K.-W.L.), and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center (W.H.H.S.), Taipei - all in Taiwan; Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G., J.I.R., Y.-D.I.C.); the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Molecular Physiology Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (W.E.K., S.H.S.); the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet (A.B.W., B.G.N., A.T.-H.), the Copenhagen General Population Study (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry (B.G.N.), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, and the Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) - all in Copenhagen; and TNO Metabolic Health Research, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, the Netherlands (A.M.H., H.M.G.P.)
| | - George D Yancopoulos
- From Regeneron Genetics Center (F.E.D., C.O., C.S., O.G., S.M., C.V.V.H., S.B., L.H., A.L., J.P., N.S., A.J.M., J.D.O., J.G.R., A.R.S., I.B.B., T.M.T., G.D.Y., S.J.M., A. Baras) and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals (V.G., H.M.D., A.Z., W.S., N.S., A.J.M., S.H., A. Bouzelmat, R.Z., B.S., R.P., D.G., G.A.H., W.J.S., P.B., G.D.Y., S.J.M., J.G.) Tarrytown, NY; the Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics (R.L.D.), and Departments of Surgery (S.D.) and Genetics and Medicine (A.S., D.J.R.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and Geisinger Health System, Danville (J.B.L., M.F.M., M.D.R., H.L.K., D.H.L., D.J.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L.) and Cardiovascular Center (K.-W.L.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University (W.H.H.S.), School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University (I.-T.L.), and the Department of Medicine, China Medical University (K.-W.L.), Taichung, and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L., K.-W.L.), and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center (W.H.H.S.), Taipei - all in Taiwan; Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G., J.I.R., Y.-D.I.C.); the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Molecular Physiology Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (W.E.K., S.H.S.); the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet (A.B.W., B.G.N., A.T.-H.), the Copenhagen General Population Study (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry (B.G.N.), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, and the Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) - all in Copenhagen; and TNO Metabolic Health Research, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, the Netherlands (A.M.H., H.M.G.P.)
| | - Scott J Mellis
- From Regeneron Genetics Center (F.E.D., C.O., C.S., O.G., S.M., C.V.V.H., S.B., L.H., A.L., J.P., N.S., A.J.M., J.D.O., J.G.R., A.R.S., I.B.B., T.M.T., G.D.Y., S.J.M., A. Baras) and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals (V.G., H.M.D., A.Z., W.S., N.S., A.J.M., S.H., A. Bouzelmat, R.Z., B.S., R.P., D.G., G.A.H., W.J.S., P.B., G.D.Y., S.J.M., J.G.) Tarrytown, NY; the Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics (R.L.D.), and Departments of Surgery (S.D.) and Genetics and Medicine (A.S., D.J.R.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and Geisinger Health System, Danville (J.B.L., M.F.M., M.D.R., H.L.K., D.H.L., D.J.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L.) and Cardiovascular Center (K.-W.L.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University (W.H.H.S.), School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University (I.-T.L.), and the Department of Medicine, China Medical University (K.-W.L.), Taichung, and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L., K.-W.L.), and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center (W.H.H.S.), Taipei - all in Taiwan; Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G., J.I.R., Y.-D.I.C.); the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Molecular Physiology Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (W.E.K., S.H.S.); the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet (A.B.W., B.G.N., A.T.-H.), the Copenhagen General Population Study (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry (B.G.N.), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, and the Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) - all in Copenhagen; and TNO Metabolic Health Research, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, the Netherlands (A.M.H., H.M.G.P.)
| | - Jesper Gromada
- From Regeneron Genetics Center (F.E.D., C.O., C.S., O.G., S.M., C.V.V.H., S.B., L.H., A.L., J.P., N.S., A.J.M., J.D.O., J.G.R., A.R.S., I.B.B., T.M.T., G.D.Y., S.J.M., A. Baras) and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals (V.G., H.M.D., A.Z., W.S., N.S., A.J.M., S.H., A. Bouzelmat, R.Z., B.S., R.P., D.G., G.A.H., W.J.S., P.B., G.D.Y., S.J.M., J.G.) Tarrytown, NY; the Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics (R.L.D.), and Departments of Surgery (S.D.) and Genetics and Medicine (A.S., D.J.R.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and Geisinger Health System, Danville (J.B.L., M.F.M., M.D.R., H.L.K., D.H.L., D.J.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L.) and Cardiovascular Center (K.-W.L.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University (W.H.H.S.), School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University (I.-T.L.), and the Department of Medicine, China Medical University (K.-W.L.), Taichung, and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L., K.-W.L.), and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center (W.H.H.S.), Taipei - all in Taiwan; Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G., J.I.R., Y.-D.I.C.); the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Molecular Physiology Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (W.E.K., S.H.S.); the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet (A.B.W., B.G.N., A.T.-H.), the Copenhagen General Population Study (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry (B.G.N.), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, and the Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) - all in Copenhagen; and TNO Metabolic Health Research, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, the Netherlands (A.M.H., H.M.G.P.)
| | - Aris Baras
- From Regeneron Genetics Center (F.E.D., C.O., C.S., O.G., S.M., C.V.V.H., S.B., L.H., A.L., J.P., N.S., A.J.M., J.D.O., J.G.R., A.R.S., I.B.B., T.M.T., G.D.Y., S.J.M., A. Baras) and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals (V.G., H.M.D., A.Z., W.S., N.S., A.J.M., S.H., A. Bouzelmat, R.Z., B.S., R.P., D.G., G.A.H., W.J.S., P.B., G.D.Y., S.J.M., J.G.) Tarrytown, NY; the Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics (R.L.D.), and Departments of Surgery (S.D.) and Genetics and Medicine (A.S., D.J.R.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and Geisinger Health System, Danville (J.B.L., M.F.M., M.D.R., H.L.K., D.H.L., D.J.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L.) and Cardiovascular Center (K.-W.L.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University (W.H.H.S.), School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University (I.-T.L.), and the Department of Medicine, China Medical University (K.-W.L.), Taichung, and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University (W.H.H.S., I.-T.L., K.-W.L.), and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center (W.H.H.S.), Taipei - all in Taiwan; Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G., J.I.R., Y.-D.I.C.); the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Molecular Physiology Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (W.E.K., S.H.S.); the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet (A.B.W., B.G.N., A.T.-H.), the Copenhagen General Population Study (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry (B.G.N.), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, and the Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) - all in Copenhagen; and TNO Metabolic Health Research, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, the Netherlands (A.M.H., H.M.G.P.)
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