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Chambers JC, Brown JL, Bradford JB, Board DI, Campbell SB, Clause KJ, Hanberry B, Schlaepfer DR, Urza AK. New indicators of ecological resilience and invasion resistance to support prioritization and management in the sagebrush biome, United States. Front Ecol Evol 2023. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.1009268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Ecosystem transformations to altered or novel ecological states are accelerating across the globe. Indicators of ecological resilience to disturbance and resistance to invasion can aid in assessing risks and prioritizing areas for conservation and restoration. The sagebrush biome encompasses parts of 11 western states and is experiencing rapid transformations due to human population growth, invasive species, altered disturbance regimes, and climate change. We built on prior use of static soil moisture and temperature regimes to develop new, ecologically relevant and climate responsive indicators of both resilience and resistance. Our new indicators were based on climate and soil water availability variables derived from process-based ecohydrological models that allow predictions of future conditions. We asked: (1) Which variables best indicate resilience and resistance? (2) What are the relationships among the indicator variables and resilience and resistance categories? (3) How do patterns of resilience and resistance vary across the area? We assembled a large database (n = 24,045) of vegetation sample plots from regional monitoring programs and derived multiple climate and soil water availability variables for each plot from ecohydrological simulations. We used USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service National Soils Survey Information, Ecological Site Descriptions, and expert knowledge to develop and assign ecological types and resilience and resistance categories to each plot. We used random forest models to derive a set of 19 climate and water availability variables that best predicted resilience and resistance categories. Our models had relatively high multiclass accuracy (80% for resilience; 75% for resistance). Top indicator variables for both resilience and resistance included mean temperature, coldest month temperature, climatic water deficit, and summer and driest month precipitation. Variable relationships and patterns differed among ecoregions but reflected environmental gradients; low resilience and resistance were indicated by warm and dry conditions with high climatic water deficits, and moderately high to high resilience and resistance were characterized by cooler and moister conditions with low climatic water deficits. The new, ecologically-relevant indicators provide information on the vulnerability of resources and likely success of management actions, and can be used to develop new approaches and tools for prioritizing areas for conservation and restoration actions.
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Copeland SM, Bradford JB, Hardegree SP, Schlaepfer DR, Badik KJ. Management and environmental factors associated with simulated restoration seeding barriers in sagebrush steppe. Restor Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.13722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stella M. Copeland
- USDA−Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Oregon Agricultural Research Center, 67826‐A Hwy 205 Burns OR 97720 USA
| | - John B. Bradford
- US Geological Survey, Southwest Biological Science Center, 2255 N. Gemini Dr Flagstaff AZ 86001 USA
| | - Stuart P. Hardegree
- USDA‐Agricultural Research Service, Northwest Watershed Research Center, 251 Front St., Suite 400 Boise ID 83702 USA
| | - Daniel R. Schlaepfer
- US Geological Survey, Southwest Biological Science Center, 2255 N. Gemini Dr Flagstaff AZ 86001 USA
- Center for Adaptable Western Landscapes Northern Arizona University, PO Box 6077 Flagstaff AZ 86011 USA
| | - Kevin J. Badik
- The Nature Conservancy 1 E. 1st St. Suite 1007 Reno NV 89501 USA
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Palmquist KA, Schlaepfer DR, Renne RR, Torbit SC, Doherty KE, Remington TE, Watson G, Bradford JB, Lauenroth WK. Divergent climate change effects on widespread dryland plant communities driven by climatic and ecohydrological gradients. Glob Chang Biol 2021; 27:5169-5185. [PMID: 34189797 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Plant community response to climate change will be influenced by individual plant responses that emerge from competition for limiting resources that fluctuate through time and vary across space. Projecting these responses requires an approach that integrates environmental conditions and species interactions that result from future climatic variability. Dryland plant communities are being substantially affected by climate change because their structure and function are closely tied to precipitation and temperature, yet impacts vary substantially due to environmental heterogeneity, especially in topographically complex regions. Here, we quantified the effects of climate change on big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata Nutt.) plant communities that span 76 million ha in the western United States. We used an individual-based plant simulation model that represents intra- and inter-specific competition for water availability, which is represented by a process-based soil water balance model. For dominant plant functional types, we quantified changes in biomass and characterized agreement among 52 future climate scenarios. We then used a multivariate matching algorithm to generate fine-scale interpolated surfaces of functional type biomass for our study area. Results suggest geographically divergent responses of big sagebrush to climate change (changes in biomass of -20% to +27%), declines in perennial C3 grass and perennial forb biomass in most sites, and widespread, consistent, and sometimes large increases in perennial C4 grasses. The largest declines in big sagebrush, perennial C3 grass and perennial forb biomass were simulated in warm, dry sites. In contrast, we simulated no change or increases in functional type biomass in cold, moist sites. There was high agreement among climate scenarios on climate change impacts to functional type biomass, except for big sagebrush. Collectively, these results suggest divergent responses to warming in moisture-limited versus temperature-limited sites and potential shifts in the relative importance of some of the dominant functional types that result from competition for limiting resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle A Palmquist
- Department of Biological Sciences, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, USA
| | - Daniel R Schlaepfer
- US Geological Survey, Southwest Biological Science Center, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
- Center for Adaptable Western Landscapes, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
- School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Rachel R Renne
- US Geological Survey, Southwest Biological Science Center, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
- School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Stephen C Torbit
- US Fish and Wildlife Service, Mountain-Prairie Region, Lakewood, CO, USA
| | - Kevin E Doherty
- US Fish and Wildlife Service, Mountain-Prairie Region, Lakewood, CO, USA
| | | | - Greg Watson
- US Fish and Wildlife Service, Mountain-Prairie Region, Lakewood, CO, USA
| | - John B Bradford
- US Geological Survey, Southwest Biological Science Center, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
- Center for Adaptable Western Landscapes, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
| | - William K Lauenroth
- School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
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Schlaepfer DR, Bradford JB, Lauenroth WK, Shriver RK. Understanding the future of big sagebrush regeneration: challenges of projecting complex ecological processes. Ecosphere 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.3695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R. Schlaepfer
- Southwest Biological Science Center U.S. Geological Survey Flagstaff Arizona 86001 USA
- Center for Adaptable Western Landscapes Northern Arizona University Flagstaff Arizona 86011 USA
- Yale School of the Environment Yale University New Haven Connecticut 06511 USA
| | - John B. Bradford
- Southwest Biological Science Center U.S. Geological Survey Flagstaff Arizona 86001 USA
| | - William K. Lauenroth
- Yale School of the Environment Yale University New Haven Connecticut 06511 USA
- Department of Botany University of Wyoming Laramie Wyoming 82071 USA
| | - Robert K. Shriver
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Science University of Nevada‐Reno Reno Nevada 89557 USA
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Bradford JB, Schlaepfer DR, Lauenroth WK, Palmquist KA. Robust ecological drought projections for drylands in the 21st century. Glob Chang Biol 2020; 26:3906-3919. [PMID: 32342577 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Dryland ecosystems may be especially vulnerable to expected 21st century increases in temperature and aridity because they are tightly controlled by moisture availability. However, climate impact assessments in drylands are difficult because ecological dynamics are dictated by drought conditions that are difficult to define and complex to estimate from climate conditions alone. In addition, precipitation projections vary substantially among climate models, enhancing variation in overall trajectories for aridity. Here, we constrain this uncertainty by utilizing an ecosystem water balance model to quantify drought conditions with recognized ecological importance, and by identifying changes in ecological drought conditions that are robust among climate models, defined here as when >90% of models agree in the direction of change. Despite limited evidence for robust changes in precipitation, changes in ecological drought are robust over large portions of drylands in the United States and Canada. Our results suggest strong regional differences in long-term drought trajectories, epitomized by chronic drought increases in southern areas, notably the Upper Gila Mountains and South-Central Semi-arid Prairies, and decreases in the north, particularly portions of the Temperate and West-Central Semi-arid Prairies. However, we also found that exposure to hot-dry stress is increasing faster than mean annual temperature over most of these drylands, and those increases are greatest in northern areas. Robust shifts in seasonal drought are most apparent during the cool season; when soil water availability is projected to increase in northern regions and decrease in southern regions. The implications of these robust drought trajectories for ecosystems will vary geographically, and these results provide useful insights about the impact of climate change on these dryland ecosystems. More broadly, this approach of identifying robust changes in ecological drought may be useful for other assessments of climate impacts in drylands and provide a more rigorous foundation for making long-term strategic resource management decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- John B Bradford
- Southwest Biological Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
| | - Daniel R Schlaepfer
- Southwest Biological Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
- School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - William K Lauenroth
- School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Kyle A Palmquist
- Department of Biological Sciences, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, USA
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Renne RR, Schlaepfer DR, Palmquist KA, Bradford JB, Burke IC, Lauenroth WK. Soil and stand structure explain shrub mortality patterns following global change-type drought and extreme precipitation. Ecology 2019; 100:e02889. [PMID: 31509244 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.2889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The probability of extreme weather events is increasing, with the potential for widespread impacts to plants, plant communities, and ecosystems. Reports of drought-related tree mortality are becoming more frequent, and there is increasing evidence that drought accompanied by high temperatures is especially detrimental. Simultaneously, extreme large precipitation events have become more frequent over the past century. Water-limited ecosystems may be more vulnerable to these extreme events than other ecosystems, especially when pushed outside of their historical range of variability. However, drought-related mortality of shrubs-an important component of dryland vegetation-remains understudied relative to tree mortality. In 2014, a landscape-scale die-off of the widespread shrub, big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata Nutt.), was reported in southwest Wyoming, following extreme hot and dry conditions in 2012 and extremely high precipitation in September of 2013. Here we examine how severe drought, extreme precipitation, soil texture and salinity, and shrub-stand characteristics contributed to this die-off event. At 98 plots within and around the die-off, we quantified big sagebrush mortality, characterized soil texture and salinity, and simulated soil-water conditions from 1916 to 2016 using an ecosystem water-balance model. We found that the extreme weather conditions alone did not explain patterns of big sagebrush mortality and did not result in extreme (historically unprecedented) soil-water conditions during the drought. Instead, plots with chronically dry soil conditions experienced greatest mortality following the global change-type (hot) drought in 2012. Furthermore, mortality was greater in locations with high potential run-on and low potential run-off where saturated soil conditions were simulated in September 2013, suggesting that extreme precipitation also played an important role in the die-off in these locations. In locations where drought alone contributed to mortality, stem density negatively impacted big sagebrush. In locations that may have been affected by both drought and saturation, however, mortality was greatest where stem density was lowest, suggesting that these locations may have already been less favorable to big sagebrush. Paradoxically, vulnerability to both extreme events (drought and saturation) was associated with finer-textured soils, and our results highlight the importance of soils in determining local variation of the vulnerability of dryland plants to extreme events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel R Renne
- School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, 06511, USA
| | - Daniel R Schlaepfer
- School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, 06511, USA
| | - Kyle A Palmquist
- Department of Botany, University of Wyoming, 1000 East University Avenue, Laramie, Wyoming, 82071, USA
| | - John B Bradford
- Southwest Biological Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Flagstaff, Arizona, 86001, USA
| | - Ingrid C Burke
- School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, 06511, USA
| | - William K Lauenroth
- School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, 06511, USA.,Department of Botany, University of Wyoming, 1000 East University Avenue, Laramie, Wyoming, 82071, USA
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Bradford JB, Schlaepfer DR, Lauenroth WK, Palmquist KA, Chambers JC, Maestas JD, Campbell SB. Climate-Driven Shifts in Soil Temperature and Moisture Regimes Suggest Opportunities to Enhance Assessments of Dryland Resilience and Resistance. Front Ecol Evol 2019. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2019.00358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Swindon JG, Lauenroth WK, Schlaepfer DR, Burke IC. Spatial Distribution of Roots across Three Dryland Ecosystems and Plant Functional Types. WEST N AM NATURALIST 2019. [DOI: 10.3398/064.079.0203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica G. Swindon
- Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511
| | - William K. Lauenroth
- Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511
| | - Daniel R. Schlaepfer
- Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511
| | - Ingrid C. Burke
- Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511
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Schlaepfer DR, Braschler B, Rusterholz HP, Baur B. Genetic effects of anthropogenic habitat fragmentation on remnant animal and plant populations: a meta-analysis. Ecosphere 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.2488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R. Schlaepfer
- School of Forestry and Environmental Studies; Yale University; New Haven Connecticut 06511 USA
| | - Brigitte Braschler
- Section of Conservation Biology; Department of Environmental Sciences; University of Basel; CH-4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Hans-Peter Rusterholz
- Section of Conservation Biology; Department of Environmental Sciences; University of Basel; CH-4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Bruno Baur
- Section of Conservation Biology; Department of Environmental Sciences; University of Basel; CH-4056 Basel Switzerland
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Palmquist KA, Bradford JB, Martyn TE, Schlaepfer DR, Lauenroth WK. STEPWAT
2: an individual‐based model for exploring the impact of climate and disturbance on dryland plant communities. Ecosphere 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.2394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kyle A. Palmquist
- Department of Botany University of Wyoming Laramie Wyoming 82071 USA
| | - John B. Bradford
- U.S. Geological Survey, Southwest Biological Science Center Flagstaff Arizona 86001 USA
| | - Trace E. Martyn
- School of Biological Sciences The University of Queensland St. Lucia Queensland 4072 Australia
| | - Daniel R. Schlaepfer
- School of Forestry and Environmental Studies Yale University New Haven Connecticut 06511 USA
| | - William K. Lauenroth
- Department of Botany University of Wyoming Laramie Wyoming 82071 USA
- School of Forestry and Environmental Studies Yale University New Haven Connecticut 06511 USA
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11
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Tietjen B, Schlaepfer DR, Bradford JB, Lauenroth WK, Hall SA, Duniway MC, Hochstrasser T, Jia G, Munson SM, Pyke DA, Wilson SD. Climate change-induced vegetation shifts lead to more ecological droughts despite projected rainfall increases in many global temperate drylands. Glob Chang Biol 2017; 23:2743-2754. [PMID: 27976449 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.13598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Drylands occur worldwide and are particularly vulnerable to climate change because dryland ecosystems depend directly on soil water availability that may become increasingly limited as temperatures rise. Climate change will both directly impact soil water availability and change plant biomass, with resulting indirect feedbacks on soil moisture. Thus, the net impact of direct and indirect climate change effects on soil moisture requires better understanding. We used the ecohydrological simulation model SOILWAT at sites from temperate dryland ecosystems around the globe to disentangle the contributions of direct climate change effects and of additional indirect, climate change-induced changes in vegetation on soil water availability. We simulated current and future climate conditions projected by 16 GCMs under RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 for the end of the century. We determined shifts in water availability due to climate change alone and due to combined changes of climate and the growth form and biomass of vegetation. Vegetation change will mostly exacerbate low soil water availability in regions already expected to suffer from negative direct impacts of climate change (with the two RCP scenarios giving us qualitatively similar effects). By contrast, in regions that will likely experience increased water availability due to climate change alone, vegetation changes will counteract these increases due to increased water losses by interception. In only a small minority of locations, climate change-induced vegetation changes may lead to a net increase in water availability. These results suggest that changes in vegetation in response to climate change may exacerbate drought conditions and may dampen the effects of increased precipitation, that is, leading to more ecological droughts despite higher precipitation in some regions. Our results underscore the value of considering indirect effects of climate change on vegetation when assessing future soil moisture conditions in water-limited ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Britta Tietjen
- Institute of Biology, Biodiversity and Ecological Modeling, Freie Universität Berlin, Altensteinstr. 34, D-14195, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), D-14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel R Schlaepfer
- Department of Botany, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, 82071, USA
- Section of Conservation Biology, Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - John B Bradford
- US Geological Survey, Southwest Biological Science Center, Flagstaff, AZ, 86004, USA
| | | | - Sonia A Hall
- Center for Sustaining Agriculture and Natural Resources, Washington State University, Wenatchee, WA, 98801, USA
- SAH Ecologia LLC, Wenatchee, WA, 98801, USA
| | - Michael C Duniway
- US Geological Survey, Southwest Biological Science Center, Moab, UT, 84532, USA
| | - Tamara Hochstrasser
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Gensuo Jia
- CAS Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Seth M Munson
- US Geological Survey, Southwest Biological Science Center, Flagstaff, AZ, 86004, USA
| | - David A Pyke
- US Geological Survey, Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Scott D Wilson
- Department of Biology, University of Regina, Regina, SK, S4S 0A2, Canada
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Climate Impacts Research Centre, Umeå University, 981 07, Abisko, Sweden
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Palmquist KA, Schlaepfer DR, Bradford JB, Lauenroth WK. Spatial and ecological variation in dryland ecohydrological responses to climate change: implications for management. Ecosphere 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.1590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kyle A. Palmquist
- Department of Botany University of Wyoming 1000 East University Avenue Laramie Wyoming 82071 USA
| | - Daniel R. Schlaepfer
- Department of Botany University of Wyoming 1000 East University Avenue Laramie Wyoming 82071 USA
- Section of Conservation Biology Department of Environmental Sciences University of Basel St. Johanns‐Vorstadt 10 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - John B. Bradford
- Southwest Biological Science Center U.S. Geological Survey 2255 North Gemini Drive Flagstaff Arizona 86001 USA
| | - William K. Lauenroth
- Department of Botany University of Wyoming 1000 East University Avenue Laramie Wyoming 82071 USA
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Pennington VE, Schlaepfer DR, Beck JL, Bradford JB, Palmquist KA, Lauenroth WK. Sagebrush, Greater Sage-Grouse, and the Occurrence and Importance of Forbs. WEST N AM NATURALIST 2016. [DOI: 10.3398/064.076.0307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel R. Schlaepfer
- Section of Conservation Biology, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Vorstadt 10, CH-4056, Switzerland
| | - Jeffrey L. Beck
- Department of Ecosystem Science and Management, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY
| | - John B. Bradford
- U.S. Geological Survey, Southwest Biological Science Center, Flagstaff, AZ
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Martyn TE, Bradford JB, Schlaepfer DR, Burke IC, Lauenroth WK. Seed bank and big sagebrush plant community composition in a range margin for big sagebrush. Ecosphere 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.1453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Trace E. Martyn
- Department of Botany University of Wyoming 1000 E. University Avenue Laramie Wyoming 82071 USA
| | - John B. Bradford
- Southwest Biological Science Center US Geological Survey 2255 N. Gemini Drive Flagstaff Arizona 86001 USA
| | - Daniel R. Schlaepfer
- Department of Botany University of Wyoming 1000 E. University Avenue Laramie Wyoming 82071 USA
- Department of Environmental Sciences Section of Conservation Biology University of Basel St. Johanns‐Vorstadt 10 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Ingrid C. Burke
- Department of Botany University of Wyoming 1000 E. University Avenue Laramie Wyoming 82071 USA
- Department of Ecosystem Science and Management University of Wyoming 1000 E. University Avenue Laramie Wyoming 82071 USA
- Haub School of Environment and Natural Resources University of Wyoming Bim Kendall House, 804 E. Fremont Street Laramie Wyoming 82072 USA
| | - William K. Lauenroth
- Department of Botany University of Wyoming 1000 E. University Avenue Laramie Wyoming 82071 USA
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Palmquist KA, Schlaepfer DR, Bradford JB, Lauenroth WK. Mid-latitude shrub steppe plant communities: climate change consequences for soil water resources. Ecology 2016; 97:2342-2354. [PMID: 27859085 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.1457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kyle A. Palmquist
- Department of Botany; University of Wyoming; 1000 E. University Avenue Laramie Wyoming 82071 USA
| | - Daniel R. Schlaepfer
- Department of Botany; University of Wyoming; 1000 E. University Avenue Laramie Wyoming 82071 USA
- Section of Conservation Biology; University of Basel; St. Johanns-Vorstadt 10 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - John B. Bradford
- U.S. Geological Survey; Southwest Biological Science Center; 2255 N. Gemini Dr. Flagstaff Arizona 86001 USA
| | - William K. Lauenroth
- Department of Botany; University of Wyoming; 1000 E. University Avenue Laramie Wyoming 82071 USA
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Moore LM, Lauenroth WK, Bell DM, Schlaepfer DR. Soil Water and Temperature Explain Canopy Phenology and Onset of Spring in a Semiarid Steppe. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1353/gpr.2015.0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Schlaepfer DR, Taylor KA, Pennington VE, Nelson KN, Martyn TE, Rottler CM, Lauenroth WK, Bradford JB. Simulated big sagebrush regeneration supports predicted changes at the trailing and leading edges of distribution shifts. Ecosphere 2015. [DOI: 10.1890/es14-00208.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Schlaepfer DR, Ewers BE, Shuman BN, Williams DG, Frank JM, Massman WJ, Lauenroth WK. Terrestrial water fluxes dominated by transpiration: Comment. Ecosphere 2014. [DOI: 10.1890/es13-00391.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Avirmed O, Burke IC, Mobley ML, Lauenroth WK, Schlaepfer DR. Natural recovery of soil organic matter in 30–90-year-old abandoned oil and gas wells in sagebrush steppe. Ecosphere 2014. [DOI: 10.1890/es13-00272.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Bradford JB, Schlaepfer DR, Lauenroth WK. Ecohydrology of Adjacent Sagebrush and Lodgepole Pine Ecosystems: The Consequences of Climate Change and Disturbance. Ecosystems 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10021-013-9745-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Schlaepfer DR, Glättli M, Fischer M, van Kleunen M. A multi-species experiment in their native range indicates pre-adaptation of invasive alien plant species. New Phytol 2010; 185:1087-1099. [PMID: 19968796 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2009.03114.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
*To understand prerequisites of biological invasions, it is imperative to know whether species have traits that pre-adapt them to become invasive elsewhere. However, few experimental studies have explicitly tested this by comparing traits between invasive and noninvasive species in their native range instead of in the nonnative range. *We used native plant material of 14 European congeneric pairs of herbaceous species that were all introduced to North America, and of which one species per pair is invasive. *In our germination and common garden experiment with and without fertilizer addition, the invasive species germinated faster, produced more biomass and had a higher proportion of flowering plants than the noninvasive congeners. *Our results indicate that species traits, which lead to a high plant performance in the native range, can confer pre-adaptation to become invasive. We suggest that such traits may be especially relevant for use in risk-assessment protocols before introduction elsewhere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R Schlaepfer
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Plant Ecology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
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