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Kastner U, Javaheripour N, Arand J, Schönherr D, Sobanski T, Fehler S, Walter M, Wagner G. Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on suicide attempts in a rural region in Germany, a 5-year observational study. J Affect Disord 2022; 318:393-399. [PMID: 36113687 PMCID: PMC9472680 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic and public life restrictions may have a negative impact on people's mental health. Therefore, we analyzed whether this condition affected the occurrence of suicide attempts (SA) over 20 months during the pandemic period. METHODS We included patient records according to DSM-5 criteria for suicidal behavior disorders (n = 825) between Jan 1, 2017, and Dec 31, 2021. We applied interrupted time-series Poisson regression models to investigate the effect of the pandemic on SA occurrence, time trends, and seasonal patterns in the whole group of patients as well as stratified by age and gender. RESULTS There was no significant effect of the pandemic on the occurrence of SA in the overall group. However, we observed a significant impact of the pandemic on the seasonal pattern of SA, also the variance differed significantly (pre-pandemic mean ± variance: 13.33 ± 15.75, pandemic: mean ± variance: 13.86 ± 7.26), indicating less periodic variation in SA during the pandemic. Male patients and young adults mainly contributed to this overall effect. Subgroup analysis revealed a significant difference in SA trends during the pandemic in older adults (>55 years) compared with younger adults (18-35 years); SA numbers increased in older adults and decreased in younger adults as the pandemic progressed. LIMITATIONS A few patients may have received initial care in an emergency department after SA without being referred to psychiatry. CONCLUSIONS In general, the COVID-19 pandemic and related measures did not significantly affect the occurrence of SA but did significantly affect the dynamics. In addition, the pandemic appeared to affect suicidal behavior differently across age groups as it progressed. Particularly for the older adult group, negative long-term effects of the pandemic on suicidal behavior can be derived from the present results, indicating the need to strengthen suicide prevention for the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- U.W. Kastner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Helios Fachkliniken Hildburghausen, Eisfelder Str.41, 98646 Hildburghausen, Germany,Correspondence to: U.W. Kastner, Helios Fachkliniken Hildburghausen, Eisfelder Str.41, 98646 Hildburghausen, Germany
| | - N. Javaheripour
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - J. Arand
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Helios Fachkliniken Hildburghausen, Eisfelder Str.41, 98646 Hildburghausen, Germany
| | - D. Schönherr
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Helios Fachkliniken Hildburghausen, Eisfelder Str.41, 98646 Hildburghausen, Germany
| | - T. Sobanski
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatic Medicine, Thueringen-Kliniken GmbH, 07318 Saalfeld, Germany
| | - S.W. Fehler
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Helios Fachkliniken Hildburghausen, Eisfelder Str.41, 98646 Hildburghausen, Germany
| | - M. Walter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - G. Wagner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany,Correspondence to: G. Wagner, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Philosophenweg 3, 07743 Jena, Germany
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Markovic L, Schönherr D, Zandonella M, Gil-Salmeron A, Smith L, McDermott D, Yang L, Dorner TE, Mües H, Grabovac I. Associations between workplace characteristics and 'outness' in LGBTI workers in Austria. Occup Environ Med 2021; 79:10-16. [PMID: 34039754 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2020-107345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex (LGBTI) individuals are often subjected to negative attitudes in the workplace, which may lead to non-disclosure of their sexual orientation and/or gender identities. We aimed to determine the prevalence of workplace disclosure of sexual or gender identity (ie, 'outness'; being 'out') and to examine its associations with workplace characteristics in LGBTI workers in Austria. METHODS This cross-sectional study analysed sociodemographic, work-related and well-being-related data from self-identifying gender and/or sexual minority participants elicited by an online questionnaire between February and June 2017. From the initial 1268 respondents, 1177 (93%) provided complete data and were included in the subsequent analyses. RESULTS The largest proportion of the sample were 26-35 years old (39.1%), cisgender gay men (40.0%) in full-time employment (63.9%). Overall, 51.7% of the sample were 'out' at the workplace. Being bisexual (OR=0.46, 95% CI 0.27 to 0.81), the provision of antidiscrimination guidelines in the workplace (OR=0.53, 95% CI 0.32 to 0.90), living alone (OR=0.50, 95% CI 0.32 to 0.79) and in shared households (OR=0.49, 95% CI 0.25 to 0.96) were associated with a decreased likelihood of being 'out' at work.Factors associated with being 'out' at work were being middle aged (36-45 years old; OR=1.74, 95% CI 1.07 to 2.85), having been in employment for >10 years (OR=2.03, 95% CI 1.08 to 3.81), an LGBTI-friendly work environment (OR 1.61, 95% CI 1.36 to 1.91), labour-management antidiscrimination contract (OR=2.02, 95% CI 1.23 to 3.32) and work council protections (OR=1.56, 95% CI 1.04 to 2.36). CONCLUSIONS Instating antidiscrimination protections might facilitate 'outness' of LGBTI workers and lead to a better promotion of diversity in the workplace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lovro Markovic
- Department of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation and Occupational Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria .,Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Centre for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniel Schönherr
- SORA Institute for Social Research and Consulting, Ogris & Hofinger GmbH, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martina Zandonella
- SORA Institute for Social Research and Consulting, Ogris & Hofinger GmbH, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Lee Smith
- Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Daragh McDermott
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Cancer Care Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Departments of Oncology & Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Thomas E Dorner
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Centre for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Health Promotion Facility Sitzenberg-Reidling, Social Insurance Fund for Public Service, Railway and Mining Industries, Sitzenberg-Reidling, Austria
| | - Hanna Mües
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Igor Grabovac
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Centre for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Altmann U, Schönherr D, Paulick J, Deisenhofer AK, Schwartz B, Rubel J, Stangier U, Lutz W, Strauß B. Nonverbale Synchronie von Bewegungen und Therapieerfolg: Ein Vergleich von psychodynamisch-orientierter Therapie und Verhaltenstherapie bei sozialen Phobien. Psychother Psychosom Med Psychol 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1667969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- U Altmann
- Universitätsklinikum Jena, Institut für Psychosoziale Medizin und Psychotherapie, Jena, Deutschland
| | - D Schönherr
- Universitätsklinikum Jena, Institut für Psychosoziale Medizin und Psychotherapie, Jena, Deutschland
| | - J Paulick
- Universität Trier, Abteilung für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie, Trier, Deutschland
| | - AK Deisenhofer
- Universität Trier, Abteilung für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie, Trier, Deutschland
| | - B Schwartz
- Universität Trier, Abteilung für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie, Trier, Deutschland
| | - J Rubel
- Universität Trier, Abteilung für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie, Trier, Deutschland
| | - U Stangier
- Goethe Universität Frankfurt am Main, Abteilung für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie, Frankfurt am Main, Deutschland
| | - W Lutz
- Universität Trier, Abteilung für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie, Trier, Deutschland
| | - B Strauß
- Universitätsklinikum Jena, Institut für Psychosoziale Medizin und Psychotherapie, Jena, Deutschland
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Schönherr D, Paulick J, Strauß B, Schwartz B, Deisenhofer AK, Rubel J, Lutz W, Stangier U, Altmann U. Nonverbale Synchronie von Bewegungen als Prädiktor für einen Therapieabbruch bei Patienten mit Sozialer Phobie. Psychother Psychosom Med Psychol 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1667970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D Schönherr
- Universitätsklinikum Jena, Institut für Psychosoziale Medizin und Psychotherapie, Jena, Deutschland
| | - J Paulick
- Universität Trier, Abteilung für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie, Trier, Deutschland
| | - B Strauß
- Universitätsklinikum Jena, Institut für Psychosoziale Medizin und Psychotherapie, Jena, Deutschland
| | - B Schwartz
- Universität Trier, Abteilung für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie, Trier, Deutschland
| | - AK Deisenhofer
- Universität Trier, Abteilung für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie, Trier, Deutschland
| | - J Rubel
- Universität Trier, Abteilung für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie, Trier, Deutschland
| | - W Lutz
- Universität Trier, Abteilung für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie, Trier, Deutschland
| | - U Stangier
- Goethe Universität Frankfurt am Main, Abteilung für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie, Frankfurt am Main, Deutschland
| | - U Altmann
- Universitätsklinikum Jena, Institut für Psychosoziale Medizin und Psychotherapie, Jena, Deutschland
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Worrack S, Schönherr D, Guntinas-Lichius O, Volk GF, Strauß B, Altmann U. Nonverbale Synchronie emotionaler Expressionen in gesundheitsrelevanten Interaktionen: Prädiktoren und Zusammenhänge mit der Patientenzufriedenheit. Psychother Psych Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1667968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Worrack
- Universitätsklinikum Jena, Institut für Psychosoziale Medizin und Psychotherapie, Jena, Deutschland
| | - D Schönherr
- Universitätsklinikum Jena, Institut für Psychosoziale Medizin und Psychotherapie, Jena, Deutschland
| | - O Guntinas-Lichius
- Universitätsklinikum Jena, Klinik für Hals-, Nasen- und Ohrenheilkunde, Jena, Deutschland
| | - GF Volk
- Universitätsklinikum Jena, Klinik für Hals-, Nasen- und Ohrenheilkunde, Jena, Deutschland
| | - B Strauß
- Universitätsklinikum Jena, Institut für Psychosoziale Medizin und Psychotherapie, Jena, Deutschland
| | - U Altmann
- Universitätsklinikum Jena, Institut für Psychosoziale Medizin und Psychotherapie, Jena, Deutschland
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Schönherr D, Wollatz U, Haznar-Garbacz D, Hanke U, Box KJ, Taylor R, Ruiz R, Beato S, Becker D, Weitschies W. Characterisation of selected active agents regarding pKa values, solubility concentrations and pH profiles by SiriusT3. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2015; 92:155-70. [PMID: 25758123 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2015.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Revised: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to determine pKa values and solubility properties of 34active agents using the SiriusT3 apparatus. The selected drug substances belong to the groups of ACE-inhibitors, β-blockers, antidiabetics and lipid lowering substances. Experimentally obtained pKa and intrinsic solubility values were compared to calculated values (program ACD/ChemSketch) and pKa values to published data as well. Solubility-pH profiles were generated to visualise the substance solubility over the gastrointestinal pH range. The relationship between the solubility characteristic of a substance, its bioavailability and categorisation according to the Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) was examined as well. The results showed a good agreement between experimentally obtained, calculated and published pKa values. The measured and calculated intrinsic solubility values indicated several major deviations. All solubility-pH profiles showed the expected shape and appearance for acids, bases or zwitterionic substances. The obtained results for the pKa and solubility measurements of the examined active agents may help to predict their physicochemical behaviour in vivo, and to understand the bioavailability of the substances according to their BCS categorisation. The easy and reproducible determination of pKa and solubility values makes the SiriusT3 apparatus a useful tool in early stages of drug and formulation development.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Schönherr
- University of Greifswald, Center of Drug Absorption and Transport, Institute of Pharmacy, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - U Wollatz
- University of Greifswald, Center of Drug Absorption and Transport, Institute of Pharmacy, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - D Haznar-Garbacz
- University of Greifswald, Center of Drug Absorption and Transport, Institute of Pharmacy, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - U Hanke
- University of Greifswald, Center of Drug Absorption and Transport, Institute of Pharmacy, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - K J Box
- Sirius Analytical Ltd., Forest Row, East Sussex RH18 5DW, UK
| | - R Taylor
- Sirius Analytical Ltd., Forest Row, East Sussex RH18 5DW, UK
| | - R Ruiz
- Sirius Analytical Ltd., Forest Row, East Sussex RH18 5DW, UK
| | - S Beato
- Novartis Pharma AG, Technical Research & Development, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - D Becker
- Vivo Drug Delivery GmbH, 8832 Wollerau, Switzerland
| | - W Weitschies
- University of Greifswald, Center of Drug Absorption and Transport, Institute of Pharmacy, 17487 Greifswald, Germany.
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Deninger AJ, Göbel T, Schönherr D, Kinder T, Roggenbuck A, Köberle M, Lison F, Müller-Wirts T, Meissner P. Precisely tunable continuous-wave terahertz source with interferometric frequency control. Rev Sci Instrum 2008; 79:044702. [PMID: 18447539 DOI: 10.1063/1.2905033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We realized a tunable continuous-wave terahertz source with megahertz frequency resolution. The system is based on optical heterodyning of two near-infrared distributed feedback diode lasers, each laser being stabilized by electronic feedback from a low-finesse quadrature interferometer. The control loop permits precisely linear laser frequency scans over >1200 GHz, and a beat signal linewidth of 1 MHz at 80 ms time scale. Using GaAs photomixers and log-periodic antennae, we achieve a signal-to-noise ratio of the terahertz power of >70 dB at 100 GHz and 100 ms integration time, and still approximately 30 dB at 1 THz. As an example for high-resolution terahertz spectroscopy, we characterize the transmission properties of a subwavelength metal grating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anselm J Deninger
- TOPTICA Photonics AG, Lochhamer Schlag 19, D-82166 Gräfelfing, Germany
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