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Mowers KL, Fullerton JB, Hicks D, Singh GK, Johnson MC, Anwar S. 3D Echocardiography Provides Highly Accurate 3D Printed Models in Congenital Heart Disease. Pediatr Cardiol 2021; 42:131-141. [PMID: 33083888 DOI: 10.1007/s00246-020-02462-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac 3D printing is mainly performed from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) 3D datasets, though anatomic detail of atrioventricular (AV) valves may be limited. 3D echo provides excellent visualization of AV valves. Thus, we tested the feasibility and accuracy of 3D printing from 3D echo in this pilot series of subjects with congenital heart disease (CHD), with a focus on valve anatomy. Five subjects with CHD were identified. 3D echo data were converted to 3D printable files and printed in collaboration with 3D Systems Healthcare (Golden, Colorado). A novel technique for valve modeling was utilized using commercially available software. Two readers (KM, SA) independently measured valve structures from 3D models and compared to source echo images. 3D printing was feasible for all cases. Table 1 shows measurements comparing 2D echo to 3D models. Bland Altman analysis showed close agreement and no significant bias between 2D and digital 3D models (mean difference 0.0, 95% CI 1.1 to - 1.1) or 2D vs printed 3D models, though with wider limits of agreement (mean difference - 0.3, 95% CI 1.9 to - 2.6). Accuracy of 3D models compared to 2D was within < 0.5 mm. This pilot study shows 3D echo datasets can be used to reliably print AV and semilunar valve structures in CHD. The 3D models are highly accurate compared to the source echo images. This is a novel and value-added technique that adds incremental information on cardiac anatomy over current methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- K L Mowers
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - D Hicks
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - G K Singh
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - M C Johnson
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - S Anwar
- School of Medicine, University of California, 1975 4th Street Second Floor, Room# A2421, UCSF Box 4029, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.
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Hicks D, Rafiee G, Schwalbe EC, Howell CI, Lindsey JC, Hill RM, Smith AJ, Adidharma P, Steel C, Richardson S, Pease L, Danilenko M, Crosier S, Joshi A, Wharton SB, Jacques TS, Pizer B, Michalski A, Williamson D, Bailey S, Clifford SC. The molecular landscape and associated clinical experience in infant medulloblastoma: prognostic significance of second-generation subtypes. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2020; 47:236-250. [PMID: 32779246 DOI: 10.1111/nan.12656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Biomarker-driven therapies have not been developed for infant medulloblastoma (iMB). We sought to robustly sub-classify iMB, and proffer strategies for personalized, risk-adapted therapies. METHODS We characterized the iMB molecular landscape, including second-generation subtyping, and the associated retrospective clinical experience, using large independent discovery/validation cohorts (n = 387). RESULTS iMBGrp3 (42%) and iMBSHH (40%) subgroups predominated. iMBGrp3 harboured second-generation subtypes II/III/IV. Subtype II strongly associated with large-cell/anaplastic pathology (LCA; 23%) and MYC amplification (19%), defining a very-high-risk group (0% 10yr overall survival (OS)), which progressed rapidly on all therapies; novel approaches are urgently required. Subtype VII (predominant within iMBGrp4 ) and subtype IV tumours were standard risk (80% OS) using upfront CSI-based therapies; randomized-controlled trials of upfront radiation-sparing and/or second-line radiotherapy should be considered. Seventy-five per cent of iMBSHH showed DN/MBEN histopathology in discovery and validation cohorts (P < 0.0001); central pathology review determined diagnosis of histological variants to WHO standards. In multivariable models, non-DN/MBEN pathology was associated significantly with worse outcomes within iMBSHH . iMBSHH harboured two distinct subtypes (iMBSHH-I/II ). Within the discriminated favourable-risk iMBSHH DN/MBEN patient group, iMBSHH-II had significantly better progression-free survival than iMBSHH-I , offering opportunities for risk-adapted stratification of upfront therapies. Both iMBSHH-I and iMBSHH-II showed notable rescue rates (56% combined post-relapse survival), further supporting delay of irradiation. Survival models and risk factors described were reproducible in independent cohorts, strongly supporting their further investigation and development. CONCLUSIONS Investigations of large, retrospective cohorts have enabled the comprehensive and robust characterization of molecular heterogeneity within iMB. Novel subtypes are clinically significant and subgroup-dependent survival models highlight opportunities for biomarker-directed therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Hicks
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - G Rafiee
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,School of Electronics, Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - E C Schwalbe
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,Department of Applied Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - C I Howell
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - J C Lindsey
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - R M Hill
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - A J Smith
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - P Adidharma
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - C Steel
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - S Richardson
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - L Pease
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - M Danilenko
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - S Crosier
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - A Joshi
- Department of Neuropathology, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle University Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - S B Wharton
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | | | - B Pizer
- Institute of Translational Research, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | | | - D Williamson
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - S Bailey
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - S C Clifford
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Stock A, Mynarek M, Pietsch T, Pfister SM, Clifford SC, Goschzik T, Sturm D, Schwalbe EC, Hicks D, Rutkowski S, Bison B, Pham M, Warmuth-Metz M. Imaging Characteristics of Wingless Pathway Subgroup Medulloblastomas: Results from the German HIT/SIOP-Trial Cohort. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2019; 40:1811-1817. [PMID: 31649159 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a6286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE In addition to the 4 histopathologically defined entities of medulloblastoma, 4 distinct genetically defined subgroups have been included in the World Health Organization classification of 2016. The smallest subgroup is the medulloblastoma with activated wingless pathway. The goal of this study was to identify a typical MR imaging morphology in a larger number of pediatric patients with wingless pathway medulloblastoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS From January 2001 to October 2017, of 75 patients with histologically confirmed and molecularly subgrouped wingless pathway medulloblastomas recruited to the German Pediatric Brain Tumor (HIT) trials, 38 patients (median age, 12.8 ± 4.6 years at diagnosis; 24 [63.2%] female) had preoperative imaging that passed the entry criteria for this study. Images were rated by the local standardized imaging criteria of the National Reference Center of Neuroradiology. Additionally, a modified laterality score was used to determine tumor localization and extension. RESULTS Twenty-eight of 38 (73.7%) were primary midline tumors but with a lateral tendency in 39.3%. One extensively eccentric midline tumor was rated by the laterality score as in an off-midline position. Five tumors were found in the cerebellopontine angle; 3, in the deep white matter; and 2, in a cerebellar hemisphere. Leptomeningeal dissemination was rare (11.5%). In 60.5%, intratumoral blood-degradation products were found, and 26.3% showed cysts with blood contents. CONCLUSIONS According to our observations, wingless pathway medulloblastomas are not preferentially off-midline tumors as postulated in previous studies with smaller wingless pathway medulloblastoma cohorts. Dense intratumoral blood-degradation products and cysts with blood contents are frequently found and might help to differentiate wingless pathway medulloblastoma from other medulloblastoma subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Stock
- From the Department of Neuroradiology (A.S., B.B., M.P., M.W.-M.), University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - M Mynarek
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology (M.M., S.R.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - T Pietsch
- Institute of Neuropathology (T.P., T.G.), DGNN Brain Tumor Reference Center, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany
| | - S M Pfister
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology (S.M.P.), Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Pediatric Neurooncology (S.M.P.), German Cancer Consortium, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany.,Hopp Children's Cancer Heidelberg (S.M.P., D.S.), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - S C Clifford
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre (S.C.C., E.C.S., D.H.), Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - T Goschzik
- Institute of Neuropathology (T.P., T.G.), DGNN Brain Tumor Reference Center, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany
| | - D Sturm
- Hopp Children's Cancer Heidelberg (S.M.P., D.S.), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - E C Schwalbe
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre (S.C.C., E.C.S., D.H.), Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,Department of Applied Sciences (E.C.S.), Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - D Hicks
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre (S.C.C., E.C.S., D.H.), Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - S Rutkowski
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology (M.M., S.R.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - B Bison
- From the Department of Neuroradiology (A.S., B.B., M.P., M.W.-M.), University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - M Pham
- From the Department of Neuroradiology (A.S., B.B., M.P., M.W.-M.), University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - M Warmuth-Metz
- From the Department of Neuroradiology (A.S., B.B., M.P., M.W.-M.), University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
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Ciupek A, Acharya R, Moore A, Shaw S, Hicks D, Leduc D, King J. P2.16-23 Rates of Support and Care Offerings Among Patients in an Advocacy Organization Sponsored Lung Cancer Patient Registry. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.1890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Buscaglia B, Turner B, Goda H, Huang W, Leitzel K, Natori T, Nakano Y, Okada H, Sperinde J, Ali S, Vasekar M, D'Aguiar M, McMahon L, Henry J, Lipton A, Hicks D. Abstract P1-03-02: ASCO/CAP human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) in situ hybridization (ISH) categories evaluated by quantitative HER2 protein diagnostic methodologies: A comparative analysis. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p1-03-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: In 2013, the ASCO/CAP consensus panel published updated guidelines for HER2 testing in breast cancer that modified the definition of HER2 amplification by in situ hybridization (ISH), creating five new prognostic categories (group 1: classic amplified, group 2: monosomy, group 3: co-amplified (polysomy), group 4: equivocal, and group 5: classic non-amplified). Patients determined to be ISH amplified, were considered eligible for HER2-directed therapy. Concern over whether patients from non-classic groups 2-4 would benefit from treatment has led to the recent publication of the 2018 HER2 focused update. This update has modified the criteria for interpreting these ISH categories, recommending that the final diagnosis take into consideration a combination of HER2 immunohistochemistry (IHC) and ISH results. With increased emphasis on the HER2 protein assessment, it has prompted us to quantitatively examine HER2 protein expression in the ISH categories, using two different novel technologies. Materials & Methods: A cohort of 170 cases (URMC) and 102 cases (PSHMC) of invasive breast cancers, which had previously undergone HER2 IHC and ISH testing, were selected for this study. Cases were sorted and categorized into the HER2 ISH categories defined by ASCO/CAP. HER2 protein expression was quantitatively measured in the URMC and PSHMC cohorts using a novel immunodetection methodology (streptavidin-coated Phosphor-Integrated Dot (PID) fluorescent nanoparticles), and a novel dual-antibody, proximity-binding immunoassay (HERmark® Breast Cancer Assay, Monogram Biosciences, South San Francisco, California), respectively. HER2 protein expression was compared to the HER2 FISH and IHC results by ASCO/CAP category. Results: Cases in group 1 had a significantly (p < 0.01) higher average PID/cell and HERmark compared to cases in groups 2-5 (Table 1). Cases in groups 2-4 showed lower quantitative levels of HER2 protein expression, similar to the classic non-amplified cases (group 5). Group 1 was further divided into three subgroups (Table 2): Group A - ISH high-level amplified (ratio > 2, HER2 > 6, CEP17 < 2.7), Group B - amplified with elevated CEP17 (ratio > 2, CEP17 > 2.7), and Group C - low-level amplified (ratio > 2, HER2 > 4 and < 6). Group A and B had a significantly (p < 0.01) higher average PID/cell and HERmark compared to Group C. Group C was more comparable to cases in groups 2-5 (Table 1). Conclusion: Our results suggest that quantitative assessment of HER2 protein expression may help to further classify cases for HER2 status for targeted therapy, supporting the 2018 ASCO/CAP recommendation that non-classic ISH results might be resolved by evaluating protein expression. Follow up studies with a larger patient cohort and dual quantitative assessment are warranted.
Average PID/cell and HERmark in ASCO category groupsASCO category groupN (URMC)PID/cell (URMC)*N (PSHMC)HERmark (PSHMC)*18888.07761.521011.20N/A32016.0213.84238.5315.95296.3208.3*averageTable 2:Average PID/cell and HERmark in subgroups of Group 1SubgroupN (URMC)PID/cell (URMC)*N (PSHMC)HERmark (PSHMC)*A24157.66465.7B34101.61044.1C3016.9329.8*average
Citation Format: Buscaglia B, Turner B, Goda H, Huang W, Leitzel K, Natori T, Nakano Y, Okada H, Sperinde J, Ali S, Vasekar M, D'Aguiar M, McMahon L, Henry J, Lipton A, Hicks D. ASCO/CAP human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) in situ hybridization (ISH) categories evaluated by quantitative HER2 protein diagnostic methodologies: A comparative analysis [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-03-02.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Buscaglia
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY; Konica Minolta, Hino-shi, Tokyo, Japan; Monogram Biosciences, South San Francisco, CA; Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA; Lebanon VA Medical Center, Lebanon, PA
| | - B Turner
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY; Konica Minolta, Hino-shi, Tokyo, Japan; Monogram Biosciences, South San Francisco, CA; Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA; Lebanon VA Medical Center, Lebanon, PA
| | - H Goda
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY; Konica Minolta, Hino-shi, Tokyo, Japan; Monogram Biosciences, South San Francisco, CA; Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA; Lebanon VA Medical Center, Lebanon, PA
| | - W Huang
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY; Konica Minolta, Hino-shi, Tokyo, Japan; Monogram Biosciences, South San Francisco, CA; Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA; Lebanon VA Medical Center, Lebanon, PA
| | - K Leitzel
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY; Konica Minolta, Hino-shi, Tokyo, Japan; Monogram Biosciences, South San Francisco, CA; Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA; Lebanon VA Medical Center, Lebanon, PA
| | - T Natori
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY; Konica Minolta, Hino-shi, Tokyo, Japan; Monogram Biosciences, South San Francisco, CA; Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA; Lebanon VA Medical Center, Lebanon, PA
| | - Y Nakano
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY; Konica Minolta, Hino-shi, Tokyo, Japan; Monogram Biosciences, South San Francisco, CA; Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA; Lebanon VA Medical Center, Lebanon, PA
| | - H Okada
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY; Konica Minolta, Hino-shi, Tokyo, Japan; Monogram Biosciences, South San Francisco, CA; Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA; Lebanon VA Medical Center, Lebanon, PA
| | - J Sperinde
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY; Konica Minolta, Hino-shi, Tokyo, Japan; Monogram Biosciences, South San Francisco, CA; Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA; Lebanon VA Medical Center, Lebanon, PA
| | - S Ali
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY; Konica Minolta, Hino-shi, Tokyo, Japan; Monogram Biosciences, South San Francisco, CA; Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA; Lebanon VA Medical Center, Lebanon, PA
| | - M Vasekar
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY; Konica Minolta, Hino-shi, Tokyo, Japan; Monogram Biosciences, South San Francisco, CA; Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA; Lebanon VA Medical Center, Lebanon, PA
| | - M D'Aguiar
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY; Konica Minolta, Hino-shi, Tokyo, Japan; Monogram Biosciences, South San Francisco, CA; Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA; Lebanon VA Medical Center, Lebanon, PA
| | - L McMahon
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY; Konica Minolta, Hino-shi, Tokyo, Japan; Monogram Biosciences, South San Francisco, CA; Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA; Lebanon VA Medical Center, Lebanon, PA
| | - J Henry
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY; Konica Minolta, Hino-shi, Tokyo, Japan; Monogram Biosciences, South San Francisco, CA; Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA; Lebanon VA Medical Center, Lebanon, PA
| | - A Lipton
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY; Konica Minolta, Hino-shi, Tokyo, Japan; Monogram Biosciences, South San Francisco, CA; Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA; Lebanon VA Medical Center, Lebanon, PA
| | - D Hicks
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY; Konica Minolta, Hino-shi, Tokyo, Japan; Monogram Biosciences, South San Francisco, CA; Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA; Lebanon VA Medical Center, Lebanon, PA
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Abstract
During a study of the sources of the dusts in South Wales coal mines, carried out on behalf of the Industrial Pulmonary Disease Committee of the Medical Research Council, a mineral of the mica group was found as the main constituent of the shales overlying the coal in several mines. Of six shales investigated four were associated with anthracite, one with semi-bituminous, and one with bituminous coal. Between the coal seam itself and the shale which forms its roof there usually occurs a more coaly shale referred to locally as ‘clod’. Five of the samples investigated were isolated from ‘clods’ and one from a roof.
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Serrero G, Hawkins D, Hicks D, Rosenblatt P, Tait N, Yue B, Tkaczuk K. Abstract P2-02-10: Circulating level of GP88/Progranulin is associated with clinical outcome and overall survival in stage 4 breast cancer patients. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs17-p2-02-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Monitoring of disease status in metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients is a necessary step for an optimal management of patients during and post-therapy. Imaging technologies are the methods of choice in the standard of care to monitor therapy response and disease status in MBC patients. These methods are expensive, time-consuming and have limited sensitivity for real time monitoring. Measurements of circulating tumor markers CA15-3, CA125 and CEA have contributed, albeit with limitation, minimally invasive methods for MBC disease management. It is our hypothesis that measuring biomarkers involved in tumor biological processes may provide better evaluation of the disease state and thus aid real-time clinical management of MBC patients. Thus, addition of such new circulating disease biomarkers may improve the management of MBC patients. The 88kDa glycoprotein Progranulin (GP88/PGRN) fit these criteria. GP88/PGRN is expressed in tumor tissue and not in normal mammary tissue counterpart and secreted in the circulation of BC patients. Biological studies have established GP88/PGRN as a critical driver of BC cell proliferation, survival, invasiveness and drug resistance. Clinical studies have demonstrated that high tumor GP88/PGRN expression was prognostic for recurrence and that breast cancer patients had a statistically elevated GP88/PGRN serum level compared to healthy individuals. In the present study, we examined whether GP88/PGRN serum levels were elevated in MBC patients and whether GP88/PGRN circulating levels were correlated with patient clinical outcome and overall survival.
Under an IRB approved protocol at the University of Maryland Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, 101 stage 4 BC patients undergoing standard of care therapy and meeting the inclusion criteria were consented and enrolled. MBC patients' demographics, clinical and disease characteristics and therapies were collected as part of the study. Blood samples were collected from each patient at specific times at follow-up visits during and post-therapy. The prepared serum was stored at -80C until tested for GP88 using a GP88 enzyme linked immunoassay developed in our laboratory.
Statistical analysis using Kaplan-Meier functions established whether there was a correlation between GP88/PGRN serum level and overall survival in MBC patients. MBC patients with distinct survival characteristics (P=0.0002) could be stratified based on their circulating GP88/PGRN levels. Analysis of this association was carried out in MBC patients based on their age, race, tumor characteristics, receptor status and metastatic burden (number and sites of metastasis) and will be reported. We conclude that circulating levels of GP88/PGRN in MBC patients are correlated with overall survival and that monitoring circulating GP88/PGRN levels would provide additional information and valuable insight into real-time MBC disease status.
This work was supported by grant R43 CA 210817-01A1 to GS.
Citation Format: Serrero G, Hawkins D, Hicks D, Rosenblatt P, Tait N, Yue B, Tkaczuk K. Circulating level of GP88/Progranulin is associated with clinical outcome and overall survival in stage 4 breast cancer patients [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2017 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-02-10.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Serrero
- A&G Pharmaceutical Inc., Columbia, MD; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of Maryland Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD
| | - D Hawkins
- A&G Pharmaceutical Inc., Columbia, MD; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of Maryland Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD
| | - D Hicks
- A&G Pharmaceutical Inc., Columbia, MD; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of Maryland Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD
| | - P Rosenblatt
- A&G Pharmaceutical Inc., Columbia, MD; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of Maryland Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD
| | - N Tait
- A&G Pharmaceutical Inc., Columbia, MD; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of Maryland Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD
| | - B Yue
- A&G Pharmaceutical Inc., Columbia, MD; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of Maryland Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD
| | - K Tkaczuk
- A&G Pharmaceutical Inc., Columbia, MD; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of Maryland Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD
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Fine L, Hicks D. P3.11-003 Addario Lung Cancer Foundation Patient Education Handbooks Fill a Health Literacy Void for Patients and Nurse Navigators. J Thorac Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2017.09.1730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Hicks D, Walia G. MS 22.02 The Cost-Benefit of Lung Cancer Care from a Patient's Perspective. J Thorac Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2017.09.272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Schwalbe EC, Hicks D, Rafiee G, Bashton M, Gohlke H, Enshaei A, Potluri S, Matthiesen J, Mather M, Taleongpong P, Chaston R, Silmon A, Curtis A, Lindsey JC, Crosier S, Smith AJ, Goschzik T, Doz F, Rutkowski S, Lannering B, Pietsch T, Bailey S, Williamson D, Clifford SC. Minimal methylation classifier (MIMIC): A novel method for derivation and rapid diagnostic detection of disease-associated DNA methylation signatures. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13421. [PMID: 29044166 PMCID: PMC5647382 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13644-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Rapid and reliable detection of disease-associated DNA methylation patterns has major potential to advance molecular diagnostics and underpin research investigations. We describe the development and validation of minimal methylation classifier (MIMIC), combining CpG signature design from genome-wide datasets, multiplex-PCR and detection by single-base extension and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, in a novel method to assess multi-locus DNA methylation profiles within routine clinically-applicable assays. We illustrate the application of MIMIC to successfully identify the methylation-dependent diagnostic molecular subgroups of medulloblastoma (the most common malignant childhood brain tumour), using scant/low-quality samples remaining from the most recently completed pan-European medulloblastoma clinical trial, refractory to analysis by conventional genome-wide DNA methylation analysis. Using this approach, we identify critical DNA methylation patterns from previously inaccessible cohorts, and reveal novel survival differences between the medulloblastoma disease subgroups with significant potential for clinical exploitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- E C Schwalbe
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - D Hicks
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - G Rafiee
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Queen's University,, Belfast, BT7 1NN, UK
| | - M Bashton
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | | | - A Enshaei
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - S Potluri
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - J Matthiesen
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - M Mather
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - P Taleongpong
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | | | - A Silmon
- NewGene, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - A Curtis
- NewGene, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - J C Lindsey
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - S Crosier
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - A J Smith
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - T Goschzik
- Department of Neuropathology, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany
| | - F Doz
- Institut Curie and University Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - S Rutkowski
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - B Lannering
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Gothenburg and the Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - T Pietsch
- Department of Neuropathology, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany
| | - S Bailey
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - D Williamson
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - S C Clifford
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
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Hicks D, Rafiee G, Schwalbe E, Howell C, Lindsey J, Hill R, Smith A, Crosier S, Joshi A, Robson K, Wharton S, Jacques T, Williamson D, Bailey S, Clifford S. MEDU-09. SUBGROUP-DIRECTED STRATIFICATION OF DISEASE RISK IN INFANT MEDULLOBLASTOMA. Neuro Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nox083.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Haan SW, Atherton J, Clark DS, Hammel BA, Callahan DA, Cerjan CJ, Dewald EL, Dixit S, Edwards MJ, Glenzer S, Hatchett SP, Hicks D, Jones OS, Landen OL, Lindl JD, Marinak MM, Macgowan BJ, Mackinnon AJ, Meezan NB, Milovich JL, Munro DH, Robey HF, Salmonson JD, Spears BK, Suter LJ, Town RP, Weber SV, Kline JL, Wilson DC. NIF Ignition Campaign Target Performance and Requirements: Status May 2012. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst13-tfm20-31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. W. Haan
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - J. Atherton
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - D. S. Clark
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - B. A. Hammel
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - D. A. Callahan
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - C. J. Cerjan
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - E. L. Dewald
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - S. Dixit
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - M. J. Edwards
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - S. Glenzer
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - S. P. Hatchett
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - D. Hicks
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - O. S. Jones
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - O. L. Landen
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - J. D. Lindl
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - M. M. Marinak
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - B. J. Macgowan
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - A. J. Mackinnon
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - N. B. Meezan
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - J. L. Milovich
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - D. H. Munro
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - H. F. Robey
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - J. D. Salmonson
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - B. K. Spears
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - L. J. Suter
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - R. P. Town
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - S. V. Weber
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - J. L. Kline
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545
| | - D. C. Wilson
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545
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Serrero G, Hawkins DM, Bejarano PA, Ioffe O, Tkaczuk KR, Elliott RE, Head JF, Phillips J, Godwin AK, Weaver J, Hicks D, Yue B. Abstract P1-03-06: Improvement in risk predictive value of Nottingham prognostic index by determining GP88 tumor tissue expression for estrogen receptor positive breast cancer patients. Cancer Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs16-p1-03-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: The Nottingham Prognostic Index (NPI), which includes nodal status, tumor size and histological grade was established to provide predictive value information on post-surgery survival for primary breast cancer patients. Attempts to improve NPI's performance have included addition of other biomarker expression and morphological features such as vascular invasion. In the present study, we investigated whether expression of the autocrine growth and survival factor GP88 (progranulin), known to be overexpressed in breast cancer, whereas it is negative in normal mammary tissue, would improve NPI's predictive value.
Methods: We examined the tumor tissue GP88 expression by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue sections from 508 cases of estrogen receptor positive (ER+) invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) with known clinical outcomes (disease-free and overall survivals) and with known NPI. GP88 IHC tumor tissue expression was determined using an anti-GP88 antibody (clone 6B3) developed in our laboratory. GP88 expression was scored (0, 1+, 2+, 3+) by two board certified pathologists and classified into two IHC score groups of GP88 < 3+ (0, 1+, 2+) and GP88 = 3+. The correlation between GP88 scoring, NPI and disease-free (DFS) and overall survival (OS) outcomes was then examined by Kaplan Meier analysis, Cox proportional Hazard (CPH) ratio and Pearson's C2 test.
Results: Kaplan-Meier survival graphs categorized by NPI scores (< 3.4, 3.4-5.4, and >5.4) and by GP88 expression (< 3+ and 3+) showed that for each NPI subgroup, patients with GP88 IHC score of 3+ had a worse disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) than patients within the same NPI subgroup with tumors that had GP88 IHC score < 3+. When adjusted for NPI, high GP88 score was highly significantly associated with recurrence with a hazard ratio of 3.30 (95% CI 2.12 to 5.14).
Conclusions: The data suggest that measuring GP88 tumor tissue expression by IHC at time of diagnosis for breast cancer patients with primary ER+ IDC could provide recurrence prediction and survival information complementary to that provided by the determination of NPI alone and thus may be useful for risk management of patients diagnosed with breast cancer.
Citation Format: Serrero G, Hawkins DM, Bejarano PA, Ioffe O, Tkaczuk KR, Elliott RE, Head JF, Phillips J, Godwin AK, Weaver J, Hicks D, Yue B. Improvement in risk predictive value of Nottingham prognostic index by determining GP88 tumor tissue expression for estrogen receptor positive breast cancer patients [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2016 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2016 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-03-06.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Serrero
- A&G Pharmaceutical Inc., Columbia, MD; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, FL; University of Maryland Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD; EEH Breast Cancer Research and Treatment Center, Baton Rouge, LA; University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - DM Hawkins
- A&G Pharmaceutical Inc., Columbia, MD; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, FL; University of Maryland Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD; EEH Breast Cancer Research and Treatment Center, Baton Rouge, LA; University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - PA Bejarano
- A&G Pharmaceutical Inc., Columbia, MD; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, FL; University of Maryland Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD; EEH Breast Cancer Research and Treatment Center, Baton Rouge, LA; University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - O Ioffe
- A&G Pharmaceutical Inc., Columbia, MD; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, FL; University of Maryland Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD; EEH Breast Cancer Research and Treatment Center, Baton Rouge, LA; University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - KR Tkaczuk
- A&G Pharmaceutical Inc., Columbia, MD; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, FL; University of Maryland Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD; EEH Breast Cancer Research and Treatment Center, Baton Rouge, LA; University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - RE Elliott
- A&G Pharmaceutical Inc., Columbia, MD; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, FL; University of Maryland Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD; EEH Breast Cancer Research and Treatment Center, Baton Rouge, LA; University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - JF Head
- A&G Pharmaceutical Inc., Columbia, MD; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, FL; University of Maryland Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD; EEH Breast Cancer Research and Treatment Center, Baton Rouge, LA; University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - J Phillips
- A&G Pharmaceutical Inc., Columbia, MD; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, FL; University of Maryland Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD; EEH Breast Cancer Research and Treatment Center, Baton Rouge, LA; University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - AK Godwin
- A&G Pharmaceutical Inc., Columbia, MD; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, FL; University of Maryland Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD; EEH Breast Cancer Research and Treatment Center, Baton Rouge, LA; University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - J Weaver
- A&G Pharmaceutical Inc., Columbia, MD; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, FL; University of Maryland Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD; EEH Breast Cancer Research and Treatment Center, Baton Rouge, LA; University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - D Hicks
- A&G Pharmaceutical Inc., Columbia, MD; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, FL; University of Maryland Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD; EEH Breast Cancer Research and Treatment Center, Baton Rouge, LA; University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - B Yue
- A&G Pharmaceutical Inc., Columbia, MD; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, FL; University of Maryland Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD; EEH Breast Cancer Research and Treatment Center, Baton Rouge, LA; University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
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Serrero G, Hawkins DM, Yue B, Hicks D, Tait N, Tkaczuk KR. Abstract P1-02-12: Determination of a serum progranulin (GP88/PGRN) level associated with overall survival in metastatic breast cancer patients. Cancer Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs16-p1-02-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Imaging technologies are the methods of choice in the standard of care (SOC) to monitor therapy response in metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients. However, such methods are expensive and have limited sensitivity to detect disease response in a timely manner. Measurement of the circulating tumor markers such as CA15-3, CA27.29 and CEA has provided additional minimally invasive methods in disease management of MBC patients. While useful, they have limitations in providing clinicians with a reliable insight into real-time disease monitoring. Understanding of real-time biological processes may provide better biomarkers of the disease state and thus aid real-time clinical management of MBC patients by identifying circulating disease associated biomarkers. Thus, addition of such new circulating biomarkers may improve the management of MBC patients. We have characterized a target biomarker that would fit these criteria, the 88kDa glycoprotein Progranulin (GP88). GP88 is expressed in tumor tissue and not in normal mammary tissue counterpart and is secreted in the circulation of BC patients. Biological studies have established GP88 as one of the critical drivers for breast cancer cell proliferation, survival, invasiveness and drug resistance. Clinical studies have demonstrated that elevated GP88 tumor levels were prognostic for recurrence and that breast cancer patients had a statistically elevated GP88 serum level than healthy individuals. Using tissue and serum tests to detect and quantify GP88 could provide an new strategies for identifying patients at high risk of recurrence and monitoring disease progression in BC patients undergoing therapy. In the present study, we examined whether GP88 serum levels were elevated in MBC patients and whether GP88 serum levels were correlated to patient overall survival.
Under an IRB approved protocol, 92 MBC patients that met the inclusion criteria and were undergoing therapy at the UMGCCC Breast Clinic were consented and enrolled. Clinical and disease characteristics along with serum CA15-3 values were collected as part of the study. Serum samples were collected from each patient during therapy and subsequently the patients were monitored. The serum was stored at -80C until tested for GP88 using a GP88 enzyme linked immunoassay developed in our laboratory.
Statistical analysis using Kaplan-Meier functions established whether there was a correlation between GP88 serum level and overall survival in MBC patients. By analyzing the KM plots at different GP88 cut points, we identified two populations with distinct survival characteristics. When examined more thoroughly the difference in overall survival of patients with <60ng/ml and >60ng/ml was statistically significant (P=0.0002). Correlation analysis of serum GP88 and CA15-3 were performed and will be presented.
We conclude that circulating levels of GP88 in MBC patients are correlated with overall survival. It would appear that patients that can be managed to have a GP88 below 60ng/ml will survive longer. Thus measuring circulating GP88 levels would provide additional information to that available in today's SOC for monitoring. This valuable insight into real-time disease status will assist clinicians in patient management.
Citation Format: Serrero G, Hawkins DM, Yue B, Hicks D, Tait N, Tkaczuk KR. Determination of a serum progranulin (GP88/PGRN) level associated with overall survival in metastatic breast cancer patients [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2016 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2016 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-02-12.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Serrero
- A&G Pharmaceutical Inc., Columbia, MD; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of Maryland Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD
| | - DM Hawkins
- A&G Pharmaceutical Inc., Columbia, MD; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of Maryland Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD
| | - B Yue
- A&G Pharmaceutical Inc., Columbia, MD; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of Maryland Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD
| | - D Hicks
- A&G Pharmaceutical Inc., Columbia, MD; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of Maryland Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD
| | - N Tait
- A&G Pharmaceutical Inc., Columbia, MD; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of Maryland Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD
| | - KR Tkaczuk
- A&G Pharmaceutical Inc., Columbia, MD; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of Maryland Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD
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Núñez A, Sutton D, Mayers J, Hicks D, Brookes S, Londt B, Brown I. Comparative Infection of Newcastle Disease Virus in Chickens, Pheasants and Partridges. J Comp Pathol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2016.11.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Schwalbe E, Hicks D, Rafiee G, Bashton M, Gohlke H, Enshaei A, Potluri S, Matthiesen J, Mather M, Taleongpong P, Chaston R, Crosier S, Smith A, Williamson D, Bailey S, Clifford S. Routine molecular subgrouping of medulloblastoma: Bridging the divide between research and the clinic using low-cost, mass spectrometry-based DNA methylomics. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw367.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Morrison MM, Williams MM, Vaught DB, Hicks D, Lim J, McKernan C, Aurisicchio L, Ciliberto G, Simion C, Sweeney C, Cook RS. Decreased LRIG1 in fulvestrant-treated luminal breast cancer cells permits ErbB3 upregulation and increased growth. Oncogene 2016; 35:1206. [PMID: 26935538 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Lassiale S, Valamanesh F, Klein C, Hicks D, Abitbol M, Versaux-Botteri C. Changes in aquaporin-4 and Kir4.1 expression in rats with inherited retinal dystrophy. Exp Eye Res 2016; 148:33-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2016.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2015] [Revised: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Kolicheski A, Johnson GS, O'Brien DP, Mhlanga-Mutangadura T, Gilliam D, Guo J, Anderson-Sieg TD, Schnabel RD, Taylor JF, Lebowitz A, Swanson B, Hicks D, Niman ZE, Wininger FA, Carpentier MC, Katz ML. Australian Cattle Dogs with Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis are Homozygous for a CLN5 Nonsense Mutation Previously Identified in Border Collies. J Vet Intern Med 2016; 30:1149-58. [PMID: 27203721 PMCID: PMC5084771 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.13971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Revised: 04/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCL), a fatal neurodegenerative disease, has been diagnosed in young adult Australian Cattle Dogs. Objective Characterize the Australian Cattle Dog form of NCL and determine its molecular genetic cause. Animals Tissues from 4 Australian Cattle Dogs with NCL‐like signs and buccal swabs from both parents of a fifth affected breed member. Archived DNA samples from 712 individual dogs were genotyped. Methods Tissues were examined by fluorescence, electron, and immunohistochemical microscopy. A whole‐genome sequence was generated for 1 affected dog. A TaqMan allelic discrimination assay was used for genotyping. Results The accumulation of autofluorescent cytoplasmic storage material with characteristic ultrastructure in tissues from the 4 affected dogs supported a diagnosis of NCL. The whole‐genome sequence contained a homozygous nonsense mutation: CLN5:c.619C>T. All 4 DNA samples from clinically affected dogs tested homozygous for the variant allele. Both parents of the fifth affected dog were heterozygotes. Archived DNA samples from 346 Australian Cattle Dogs, 188 Border Collies, and 177 dogs of other breeds were homozygous for the reference allele. One archived Australian Cattle Dog sample was from a heterozygote. Conclusions and Clinical Importance The homozygous CLN5 nonsense is almost certainly causal because the same mutation previously had been reported to cause a similar form of NCL in Border Collies. Identification of the molecular genetic cause of Australian Cattle Dog NCL will allow the use of DNA tests to confirm the diagnosis of NCL in this breed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kolicheski
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
| | - G S Johnson
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
| | - D P O'Brien
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
| | | | - D Gilliam
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
| | - J Guo
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
| | - T D Anderson-Sieg
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
| | - R D Schnabel
- Division of Animal Sciences and Informatics Institute, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
| | - J F Taylor
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
| | - A Lebowitz
- Animal Medical Center of New York, New York, NY
| | - B Swanson
- Animal Medical Center of New York, New York, NY
| | - D Hicks
- Blue Pearl Veterinary Hospital, Tacoma, WA
| | - Z E Niman
- Chicago Veterinary Specialty Group, Chicago, IL
| | - F A Wininger
- Veterinary Specialty Services Neurology Department, Manchester, MO
| | - M C Carpentier
- Veterinary Specialty Services Neurology Department, Manchester, MO
| | - M L Katz
- Mason Eye Institute, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
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Dewald EL, Tommasini R, Mackinnon A, MacPhee A, Meezan N, Olson R, Hicks D, LePape S, Izumi N, Fournier K, Barrios MA, Ross S, Pak A, Döppner T, Kalantar D, Opachich K, Rygg R, Bradley D, Bell P, Hamza A, Dzenitis B, Landen OL, MacGowan B, LaFortune K, Widmayer C, Van Wonterghem B, Kilkenny J, Edwards MJ, Atherton J, Moses EI. Capsule Ablator Inflight Performance Measurements Via Streaked Radiography Of ICF Implosions On The NIF*. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/688/1/012014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Tkaczuk KHR, Campassi C, Kesmodel S, Bellavance E, Rosenblatt P, Nichols E, Feigenberg SJ, Coughlin P, Drogula C, Urban B, Galandak J, Dromi S, Kuo L, Yue B, Hicks D, Serrero G. Abstract OT3-03-03: A prospective study of glycoprotein 88 (GP-88) blood test in healthy women undergoing screening for breast cancer (BC) with mammography (MM). Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs15-ot3-03-03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Population based BC screening with XRAY mammography (MM) has been widely accepted as standard of care for women aged 40+ with average risk of developing BC. Sensitivity and specificity of MM is dependent on breast tissue density and up to ∼20% of BC are undetected by MM. The development of a dependable, low cost blood-based BC screening test to increase the sensitivity and specificity of currently existing BC screening methods is needed.
Rationale: GP88 is expressed & secreted by BC cells & is not expressed by normal mammary epithelial cells, 2 retrospective randomized multi-site trials (a training study & a validation study of 300 cases each) demonstrated that elevated GP88 expression in estrogen positive (ER+) invasive BC was statistically correlated with a 4-fold increase in the risk of 5-yr BC recurrence. GP88 was an independent predictor of BC recurrence in multivariate analysis of other factors such as PR expression, tumor size, grade, lymph node status & stage. The quantitative GP88 EIA was developed to determine the amount of GP88 in biological fluids. The blood based EIA assay is highly specific for GP88 & both sensitive & linear over a wide dynamic range, i.e. detection of GP88 concentrations from 0.1 to 20ng/ml. A baseline GP-88 level of28.4 ± 5 ng/ml was established by us for healthy volunteers (HV). In BC pts a statistically significant increase of serum GP88 was observed in early stage pts (40.7 ± 16 ng/ml; p=0.007). Stratification of BC pts according to their clinical outcomes shows that pts having no evidence of disease (NED) have serum GP88 levels within the range of HV. These data suggest that pts with breast tumors express & secrete high levels of GP88.
Objectives: 1. To determine prospectively GP-88 blood levels in HV at average risk of developing BC screened by MM & in women with recently biopsy-confirmed BC. 2. To establish the statistical distribution of GP88 serum levels in subjects by baseline BIRAD classification (1-6). 3. To determine if the initial GP88 level is predictive of change in BIRADS classification from baseline to 12-mos follow-up. 4. To determine if baseline GP88 level is predictive of the appearance of BC at 12 mos follow-up in HV who were cancer-free at study entry.
Inclusion Criteria: Female, aged >=40 yrs old, presenting for screening or diagnostic MM or diagnostic workup and/or biopsy due to abnormal MM <= to 12 wks before study entry.
Study procedures: Serum levels of GP88 in subjects with average BC risk factors will be measured prospectively at baseline; 3-6 mos & 6-12 mos & correlated with BIRADS reading of the screening MM, BIRADS 1-6; GP88 serum level will be correlated with pathologic results of breast biopsies performed on subjects with suspicious BIRADS (4 & 5) MM & final pathologically confirmed diagnosis of breast cancer as BIRADS 6.
Study Progress: The study is ongoing; currently we have 308 subjects enrolled, the total number of subjects will be up to 725 & screened up to 1400. Study is UM IRB approved & is conducted at the University od Maryland Medical Center (UMMC) and UM Baltimore Washington Medical Center (BWMC). Funding is provided by Maryland Industry Partnership Grant (MIPS)& Avon Grant No. 02-2013-018.
Citation Format: Tkaczuk KHR, Campassi C, Kesmodel S, Bellavance E, Rosenblatt P, Nichols E, Feigenberg SJ, Coughlin P, Drogula C, Urban B, Galandak J, Dromi S, Kuo L, Yue B, Hicks D, Serrero G. A prospective study of glycoprotein 88 (GP-88) blood test in healthy women undergoing screening for breast cancer (BC) with mammography (MM). [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr OT3-03-03.
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Affiliation(s)
- KHR Tkaczuk
- University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; A&G Pharma, Columbia, MD; University of Maryland Baltimore Washington Medical Center, Glen Burnie, MD
| | - C Campassi
- University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; A&G Pharma, Columbia, MD; University of Maryland Baltimore Washington Medical Center, Glen Burnie, MD
| | - S Kesmodel
- University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; A&G Pharma, Columbia, MD; University of Maryland Baltimore Washington Medical Center, Glen Burnie, MD
| | - E Bellavance
- University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; A&G Pharma, Columbia, MD; University of Maryland Baltimore Washington Medical Center, Glen Burnie, MD
| | - P Rosenblatt
- University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; A&G Pharma, Columbia, MD; University of Maryland Baltimore Washington Medical Center, Glen Burnie, MD
| | - E Nichols
- University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; A&G Pharma, Columbia, MD; University of Maryland Baltimore Washington Medical Center, Glen Burnie, MD
| | - SJ Feigenberg
- University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; A&G Pharma, Columbia, MD; University of Maryland Baltimore Washington Medical Center, Glen Burnie, MD
| | - P Coughlin
- University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; A&G Pharma, Columbia, MD; University of Maryland Baltimore Washington Medical Center, Glen Burnie, MD
| | - C Drogula
- University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; A&G Pharma, Columbia, MD; University of Maryland Baltimore Washington Medical Center, Glen Burnie, MD
| | - B Urban
- University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; A&G Pharma, Columbia, MD; University of Maryland Baltimore Washington Medical Center, Glen Burnie, MD
| | - J Galandak
- University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; A&G Pharma, Columbia, MD; University of Maryland Baltimore Washington Medical Center, Glen Burnie, MD
| | - S Dromi
- University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; A&G Pharma, Columbia, MD; University of Maryland Baltimore Washington Medical Center, Glen Burnie, MD
| | - L Kuo
- University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; A&G Pharma, Columbia, MD; University of Maryland Baltimore Washington Medical Center, Glen Burnie, MD
| | - B Yue
- University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; A&G Pharma, Columbia, MD; University of Maryland Baltimore Washington Medical Center, Glen Burnie, MD
| | - D Hicks
- University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; A&G Pharma, Columbia, MD; University of Maryland Baltimore Washington Medical Center, Glen Burnie, MD
| | - G Serrero
- University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; A&G Pharma, Columbia, MD; University of Maryland Baltimore Washington Medical Center, Glen Burnie, MD
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Serrero G, Dong J, Yue B, Hicks D, Hayashi J. Abstract P3-05-12: Combination of anti-progranulin (GP88/PGRN) antibody and letrozole inhibits tumor formation of letrozole resistant breast cancer cell lines. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs15-p3-05-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The 88 kDa glycoprotein GP88 (Progranulin, PCDGF, acrogranin) is the largest member of the granulin/epithelin family of growth modulators identified as a driver of tumorigenesis. GP88 (PGRN) was also shown to be overexpressed in invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC)whereas it was negative in benign tumors and normal mammry epithelial tissue, thereby establishing GP88 as a therapeutic and diagnostic target in breast cancer (BC). Our laboratory has developed validated tools to measure GP88 in tumor biopsies and biological fluids as well as blocking its action. WE showed that GP88 was secreted and detected in the serum of BC patients at an increased level when compared to healthy subjects. Pathological studies with 530 cases of ER+ IDC with clinical outcomes showed that GP88 tumor expression was an independent prognostic indicator of recurrence in early stage BC patients. Training study followed by an independent validation study demonstrated that high GP88 tissue expression (GP88 3+) was associated with a 4-fold increase in risk of recurrence at 5 years. A neutralizing anti-GP88 antibody AG1 was expressed in a high yield CHO cell line was developed. The present study examined the effect of AG1 in letrozole resistant cell line AGLetR developed by long term selection in letrozole supplemented medium. This cell line showed decreased letrozole responsiveness in vivo and therefore constituted an excellent model for investigating letrozole resistance in vitro as well as in vivo. Here we report the results of studies investigating the effect of various doses of AG1 on LetR tumor development in combination with letrozole for AGLetR. We show that treatment with AG1 (10 mg/kg i.p.) in combination with letrozole was efficient to maintain long term responsiveness and inhibit tumor growth. Letrozole alone (5mg/kg) was unable to inhibit tumor growth and showed a doubling of tumor volume. Interestingly, long term combination treatment lead to tumor regression and inhibited tumor growth.
These data suggest that inhibiting GP88 could provide a novel and alternative therapeutic strategy for patients with resistance to anti-estrogen therapy, being tamoxifen or letrozole.
This works is supported by 2R44CA124179, HHSN 261201200060C, and HHSN2612014400C from NCI.
Citation Format: Serrero G, Dong J, Yue B, Hicks D, Hayashi J. Combination of anti-progranulin (GP88/PGRN) antibody and letrozole inhibits tumor formation of letrozole resistant breast cancer cell lines. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-05-12.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Serrero
- A&G Pharmaceutical Inc., Columbia, MD; Precision Antibody, Columbia, MD
| | - J Dong
- A&G Pharmaceutical Inc., Columbia, MD; Precision Antibody, Columbia, MD
| | - B Yue
- A&G Pharmaceutical Inc., Columbia, MD; Precision Antibody, Columbia, MD
| | - D Hicks
- A&G Pharmaceutical Inc., Columbia, MD; Precision Antibody, Columbia, MD
| | - J Hayashi
- A&G Pharmaceutical Inc., Columbia, MD; Precision Antibody, Columbia, MD
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Viale G, Dell'Orto P, Falzon M, Fält A, Hicks D, Hoff K, Jakobsen K, Jensen LB, Levy YY, McMahon L, Miller K, Russo L. Abstract P1-01-16: Performance evaluation of two ready-to-use antibodies under development for the Dako Omnis automated staining platform on breast carcinoma specimens: Anti-estrogen receptor α clone EP1 and anti-progesterone receptor clone PgR 1294. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs15-p1-01-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: The expression of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and progesterone receptor (PR) in breast carcinomas is a strong predictor of the efficacy of hormonal therapy for breast cancer patients as well as providing a degree of prognostic information. Anti-ERα (clone EP1) and anti-PR (clone PgR 1294) configured as FLEX ready-to-use antibodies have been tested on the Dako Omnis automated staining platform. These products are in performance evaluation and are not commercially available. A series of concordance studies were performed to evaluate the performance characteristics of these monoclonal antibodies on breast cancer tissue specimens: anti-ERα clone EP1/Dako Omnis was compared to (a) anti-ERα clone EP1/Autostainer Link 48 (238 specimens) and to (b) anti-ERα clone SP1/Autostainer (116 specimens), and anti-PR clone PgR 1294/Dako Omnis was compared to (a) anti-PR clone PgR 636/Autostainer Link 48 (289 specimens) and to (b) anti-PR clone 16 (Leica Biosystems, Newcastle, UK) (144 specimens). In addition, the specificity of the ER and PR antibodies for Dako Omnis was evaluated on a set of normal tissue specimens.
Methods: Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) human breast carcinoma specimens and normal tissues were obtained from commercial providers or local hospitals. The specimens had no associated personal information and were not traceable back to the tissue donors. Tissue pretreatment and immunohistochemical staining were performed using the recommended protocol for each antibody and staining platform. The stained slides were evaluated for nuclear ER or PR expression according to ASCO/CAP guidelines (≥1% cut-off for positive) by pathologists who were blinded from the staining method and specimen ID. The concordance studies included breast cancer specimens covering the clinical range of ER or PR expression with approximately half the specimens in the negative (<1%) category, and at least 10% of the specimens in the weakly positive (≥1 ≤10%) category in each study. Two-sided Wilson Score 95% Confidence Intervals were calculated using JMP software (SAS Institute, USA). For the analytical specificity studies the presence or absence of specific staining in the various normal tissue types was recorded.
Results: High concordance rates were observed with both anti-ERα clone EP1/Dako Omnis and anti-PR clone PgR 1294/Dako Omnis compared to the other ER/PR antibodies, with overall agreement rates exceeding 95% in all of the comparative studies. On a set of normal tissues, specific positive nuclear staining was observed only in tissue types known to express ERα or PR.
Conclusions: Monoclonal antibodies anti-ERα clone EP1 and anti-PR clone PgR 1294 configured as FLEX ready-to-use on Dako Omnis are sensitive and specific assays for detecting estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor in FFPE tissues. In comparison testing for assessment of hormonal receptor status on breast carcinoma specimens, anti-ERα clone EP1/Dako Omnis and anti-PR clone PgR 1294/Dako Omnis were highly concordant with commercially-available ER or PR antibodies.
Citation Format: Viale G, Dell'Orto P, Falzon M, Fält A, Hicks D, Hoff K, Jakobsen K, Jensen LB, Levy YY, McMahon L, Miller K, Russo L. Performance evaluation of two ready-to-use antibodies under development for the Dako Omnis automated staining platform on breast carcinoma specimens: Anti-estrogen receptor α clone EP1 and anti-progesterone receptor clone PgR 1294. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-01-16.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Viale
- University of Milan and Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan, Italy; UCL Advanced Diagnostics, London, United Kingdom; Dako Denmark A/S, Glostrup, Denmark; University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
| | - P Dell'Orto
- University of Milan and Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan, Italy; UCL Advanced Diagnostics, London, United Kingdom; Dako Denmark A/S, Glostrup, Denmark; University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
| | - M Falzon
- University of Milan and Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan, Italy; UCL Advanced Diagnostics, London, United Kingdom; Dako Denmark A/S, Glostrup, Denmark; University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
| | - A Fält
- University of Milan and Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan, Italy; UCL Advanced Diagnostics, London, United Kingdom; Dako Denmark A/S, Glostrup, Denmark; University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
| | - D Hicks
- University of Milan and Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan, Italy; UCL Advanced Diagnostics, London, United Kingdom; Dako Denmark A/S, Glostrup, Denmark; University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
| | - K Hoff
- University of Milan and Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan, Italy; UCL Advanced Diagnostics, London, United Kingdom; Dako Denmark A/S, Glostrup, Denmark; University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
| | - K Jakobsen
- University of Milan and Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan, Italy; UCL Advanced Diagnostics, London, United Kingdom; Dako Denmark A/S, Glostrup, Denmark; University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
| | - LB Jensen
- University of Milan and Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan, Italy; UCL Advanced Diagnostics, London, United Kingdom; Dako Denmark A/S, Glostrup, Denmark; University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
| | - YY Levy
- University of Milan and Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan, Italy; UCL Advanced Diagnostics, London, United Kingdom; Dako Denmark A/S, Glostrup, Denmark; University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
| | - L McMahon
- University of Milan and Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan, Italy; UCL Advanced Diagnostics, London, United Kingdom; Dako Denmark A/S, Glostrup, Denmark; University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
| | - K Miller
- University of Milan and Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan, Italy; UCL Advanced Diagnostics, London, United Kingdom; Dako Denmark A/S, Glostrup, Denmark; University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
| | - L Russo
- University of Milan and Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan, Italy; UCL Advanced Diagnostics, London, United Kingdom; Dako Denmark A/S, Glostrup, Denmark; University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
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O'Hare JP, Hanif W, Millar-Jones D, Bain S, Hicks D, Leslie RD, Barnett AH. NICE guidelines for Type 2 diabetes: revised but still not fit for purpose. Diabet Med 2015; 32:1398-403. [PMID: 26331592 DOI: 10.1111/dme.12952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J P O'Hare
- University of Warwick Medical School, Coventry and University Hospitals, Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - W Hanif
- University Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- South Asian Health Foundation-Diabetes, Birmingham, UK
| | - D Millar-Jones
- Royal Gwent Hospital, Newport, UK
- Oak Street Surgery, Cwmbran, UK
- Primary Care Diabetes Society, London, UK
| | - S Bain
- Swansea University, Port Talbot, UK
- Abertawe Bro Morgannwg University Health Board, Port Talbot, UK
| | - D Hicks
- Barnet, Enfield and Haringey Mental Health Trust, Birmingham, UK
- Training, Research and Education for Nurses in Diabetes (TREND-UK), Birmingham, UK
| | - R D Leslie
- Queen Mary, University of London, Birmingham, UK
- St Bartholomews Hospital London, Birmingham, UK
| | - A H Barnett
- University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
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Barry V, Lynch ME, Tran DQ, Antun A, Cohen HG, DeBalsi A, Hicks D, Mattis S, Ribeiro MJA, Stein SF, Truss CL, Tyson K, Kempton CL. Distress in patients with bleeding disorders: a single institutional cross-sectional study. Haemophilia 2015; 21:e456-64. [DOI: 10.1111/hae.12748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V. Barry
- Division of Hematology/Oncology; Department of Pediatrics; Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta Georgia USA
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center; Children's Healthcare of Atlanta; Atlanta Georgia USA
| | - M. E. Lynch
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Services; Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta Georgia USA
| | - D. Q. Tran
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology; Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta Georgia USA
| | - A. Antun
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology; Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta Georgia USA
| | - H. G. Cohen
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University; Atlanta Georgia USA
| | - A. DeBalsi
- Division of Hematology/Oncology; Department of Pediatrics; Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta Georgia USA
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center; Children's Healthcare of Atlanta; Atlanta Georgia USA
| | - D. Hicks
- Division of Hematology/Oncology; Department of Pediatrics; Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta Georgia USA
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center; Children's Healthcare of Atlanta; Atlanta Georgia USA
| | - S. Mattis
- Division of Hematology/Oncology; Department of Pediatrics; Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta Georgia USA
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center; Children's Healthcare of Atlanta; Atlanta Georgia USA
| | - M. J. A. Ribeiro
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology; Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta Georgia USA
| | - S. F. Stein
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology; Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta Georgia USA
| | - C. L. Truss
- Division of Hematology/Oncology; Department of Pediatrics; Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta Georgia USA
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center; Children's Healthcare of Atlanta; Atlanta Georgia USA
| | - K. Tyson
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center; Children's Healthcare of Atlanta; Atlanta Georgia USA
| | - C. L. Kempton
- Division of Hematology/Oncology; Department of Pediatrics; Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta Georgia USA
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center; Children's Healthcare of Atlanta; Atlanta Georgia USA
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology; Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta Georgia USA
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Artz JH, White SN, Zadvornyy OA, Fugate CJ, Hicks D, Gauss GH, Posewitz MC, Boyd ES, Peters JW. Biochemical and Structural Properties of a Thermostable Mercuric Ion Reductase from Metallosphaera sedula. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2015. [PMID: 26217660 PMCID: PMC4500099 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2015.00097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Mercuric ion reductase (MerA), a mercury detoxification enzyme, has been tuned by evolution to have high specificity for mercuric ions (Hg2+) and to catalyze their reduction to a more volatile, less toxic elemental form. Here, we present a biochemical and structural characterization of MerA from the thermophilic crenarchaeon Metallosphaera sedula. MerA from M. sedula is a thermostable enzyme, and remains active after extended incubation at 97°C. At 37°C, the NADPH oxidation-linked Hg2+ reduction specific activity was found to be 1.9 μmol/min⋅mg, increasing to 3.1 μmol/min⋅mg at 70°C. M. sedula MerA crystals were obtained and the structure was solved to 1.6 Å, representing the first solved crystal structure of a thermophilic MerA. Comparison of both the crystal structure and amino acid sequence of MerA from M. sedula to mesophillic counterparts provides new insights into the structural determinants that underpin the thermal stability of the enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob H Artz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University , Bozeman, MT , USA
| | - Spencer N White
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University , Bozeman, MT , USA
| | - Oleg A Zadvornyy
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University , Bozeman, MT , USA
| | - Corey J Fugate
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University , Bozeman, MT , USA
| | - Danny Hicks
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University , Bozeman, MT , USA
| | - George H Gauss
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University , Bozeman, MT , USA
| | - Matthew C Posewitz
- Department of Chemistry and Geochemistry, Colorado School of Mines , Golden, CO , USA
| | - Eric S Boyd
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University , Bozeman, MT , USA ; Thermal Biology Institute, Montana State University , Bozeman, MT , USA
| | - John W Peters
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University , Bozeman, MT , USA
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Lopez Pineiro C, Hicks D. Reception of Spanish sociology by domestic and foreign audiences differs and has consequences for evaluation. Research Evaluation 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/reseval/rvu030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Ahsan S, Leung JY, Hicks D. TACKLING KNIFE CRIME–A JOINT VENTURE BETWEEN ED AND POLICE IN REDBRIDGE TO IDENTIFY PATTERNS OF ATTENDANCE OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE VICTIMS. Arch Emerg Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/emermed-2013-203113.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Sarkozy A, Hicks D, Hudson J, Laval S, Barresi R, Guglieri M, Harris E, Straub V, Bushby K, Lochmuller H. P.5.9 Clinical and molecular analysis of a large cohort of patients with anoctaminopathy. Neuromuscul Disord 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2013.06.461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Hicks D, Farsani GT, Laval S, Collins J, Martoni E, Shah A, Zou Y, Koch M, Bonnemann C, Lochmuller H, Bushby K, Roberts M, Straub V. O.1 Collagen XII as a new disease gene for Bethlem-like myopathy. Neuromuscul Disord 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2013.06.379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Torabi Farsani G, Hicks D, laval S, Salih M, Seidhamed M, Cossins J, Beeson D, Straub V, Lochmüller H, Bushby K. P.1.6 Investigating collagen VI biosynthesis and assembly in the context of ALG2 impairment in Ullrich/CMS-like family. Neuromuscul Disord 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2013.06.390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Ma T, Patel PK, Izumi N, Springer PT, Key MH, Atherton LJ, Benedetti LR, Bradley DK, Callahan DA, Celliers PM, Cerjan CJ, Clark DS, Dewald EL, Dixit SN, Döppner T, Edgell DH, Epstein R, Glenn S, Grim G, Haan SW, Hammel BA, Hicks D, Hsing WW, Jones OS, Khan SF, Kilkenny JD, Kline JL, Kyrala GA, Landen OL, Le Pape S, MacGowan BJ, Mackinnon AJ, MacPhee AG, Meezan NB, Moody JD, Pak A, Parham T, Park HS, Ralph JE, Regan SP, Remington BA, Robey HF, Ross JS, Spears BK, Smalyuk V, Suter LJ, Tommasini R, Town RP, Weber SV, Lindl JD, Edwards MJ, Glenzer SH, Moses EI. Onset of hydrodynamic mix in high-velocity, highly compressed inertial confinement fusion implosions. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 111:085004. [PMID: 24010449 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.085004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Deuterium-tritium inertial confinement fusion implosion experiments on the National Ignition Facility have demonstrated yields ranging from 0.8 to 7×10(14), and record fuel areal densities of 0.7 to 1.3 g/cm2. These implosions use hohlraums irradiated with shaped laser pulses of 1.5-1.9 MJ energy. The laser peak power and duration at peak power were varied, as were the capsule ablator dopant concentrations and shell thicknesses. We quantify the level of hydrodynamic instability mix of the ablator into the hot spot from the measured elevated absolute x-ray emission of the hot spot. We observe that DT neutron yield and ion temperature decrease abruptly as the hot spot mix mass increases above several hundred ng. The comparison with radiation-hydrodynamic modeling indicates that low mode asymmetries and increased ablator surface perturbations may be responsible for the current performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Ma
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
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Anderson C, Hicks D, Scarborough H, Vanderlinden L, Tabakoff B, Behbakht K, Spillman M. Neuropathic pain inhibitor Kindolor augments efficacy of gemcitabine and paclitaxel in ovarian cancer cell lines, allowing reduced chemotherapy concentration. Gynecol Oncol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2013.04.369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Robey H, Celliers P, Kline J, Mackinnon A, Boehly T, Landen O, Eggert J, Hicks D, Pape SL, Farley D, Bowers M, Krauter K, Munro D, Jones O, Milovich J, Clark D, Spears B, Town RJ, Haan SW, Dixit S, Schneider M, Dewald E, Widmann K, Moody J, Döppner T, Radousky H, Nikroo A, Kroll J, Hamza A, Horner J, Bhandarkar S, Dzenitis E, Alger E, Giraldez E, Castro C, Moreno K, Haynam C, LaFortune K, Widmayer C, Shaw M, Jancaitis K, Parham T, Holunga D, Walters C, Haid B, Malsbury T, Trummer D, Coffee K, Burr B, Berzins L, Choate C, Brereton S, Azevedo S, Chandrasekaran H, Glenzer S, Caggiano J, Knauer J, Frenje J, Casey D, Johnson MG, Séguin FH, Young B, Edwards M, Wonterghem BV, Kilkenny J, MacGowan B, Atherton L, Lindl J, Meyerhofer D, Moses E. Shock timing on the National Ignition Facility: The first precision tuning series. EPJ Web of Conferences 2013. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20135902005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Weber S, Callahan D, Cerjan C, Edwards M, Haan S, Hicks D, Jones O, Kyrala G, Meezan N, Olson R, Robey H, Spears B, Springer P, Town R. NIF capsule performance modeling. EPJ Web of Conferences 2013. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20135902011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Neelov IM, Janaszewska A, Klajnert B, Bryszewska M, Makova NZ, Hicks D, Pearson HA, Vlasov GP, Ilyash MY, Vasilev DS, Dubrovskaya NM, Tumanova NL, Zhuravin IA, Turner AJ, Nalivaeva NN. Molecular properties of lysine dendrimers and their interactions with Aβ-peptides and neuronal cells. Curr Med Chem 2013; 20:134-143. [PMID: 23033946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2012] [Revised: 06/06/2012] [Accepted: 09/27/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Prevention of amyloidosis by chemical compounds is a potential therapeutic strategy in Alzheimer's, prion and other neurodegenerative diseases. Regularly branched dendrimers and less regular hyperbranched polymers have been suggested as promising inhibitors of amyloid aggregation. As demonstrated in our previous studies, some widely used dendrimers (PAMAM, PPI) could not only inhibit amyloid aggregation in solution but also dissolve mature fibrils. In this study we have performed computer simulation of polylysine dendrimers of 3rd and 5th generations (D3 and D5) and analysed the effect of these dendrimers and some hyperbranched polymers on a lysine base (HpbK) on aggregation of amyloid peptide in solution. The effects of dendrimers on cell viability and their protective action against Aβ-induced cytotoxicity and alteration of K+channels was also analysed using human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. In addition, using fluorescence microscopy, we analysed uptake of FITC-conjugated D3 by SH-SY5Y cells and its distribution in the brain after intraventricular injections to rats. Our results demonstrated that dendrimers D3 and D5 inhibited amyloid aggregation in solution while HpbK enhanced amyloid aggregation. Cell viability and patch-clamp studies have shown that D3 can protect cells against Aβ-induced cytotoxicity and K+channel modulation. In contrast, HpbK had no protective effect against Aβ. Fluorescence microscopy studies demonstrated that FITC-D3 accumulates in the vacuolar compartments of the cells and can be detected in various brain structures and populations of cells after injections to the brain. As such, polylysine dendrimers D3 and D5 can be proposed as compounds for developing antiamyloidogenic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- I M Neelov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, FIN00014, A.I.Virtasen Aukio 1, Helsinki, Finland
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Neelov I, Janaszewska A, Klajnert B, Bryszewska M, Makova N, Hicks D, Pearson H, Vlasov G, Ilyash M, Vasilev D, Dubrovskaya N, Tumanova N, Zhuravin I, Turner A, Nalivaeva N. Molecular Properties of Lysine Dendrimers and their Interactions with Aβ-Peptides and Neuronal Cells. Curr Med Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867311302010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Rinderknecht HG, Johnson MG, Zylstra AB, Sinenian N, Rosenberg MJ, Frenje JA, Waugh CJ, Li CK, Sèguin FH, Petrasso RD, Rygg JR, Kimbrough JR, MacPhee A, Collins GW, Hicks D, Mackinnon A, Bell P, Bionta R, Clancy T, Zacharias R, Döppner T, Park HS, LePape S, Landen O, Meezan N, Moses EI, Glebov VU, Stoeckl C, Sangster TC, Olson R, Kline J, Kilkenny J. A novel particle time of flight diagnostic for measurements of shock- and compression-bang times in D3He and DT implosions at the NIF. Rev Sci Instrum 2012; 83:10D902. [PMID: 23126906 DOI: 10.1063/1.4731000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The particle-time-of-flight (pTOF) diagnostic, fielded alongside a wedge range-filter (WRF) proton spectrometer, will provide an absolute timing for the shock-burn weighted ρR measurements that will validate the modeling of implosion dynamics at the National Ignition Facility (NIF). In the first phase of the project, pTOF has recorded accurate bang times in cryogenic DT, DT exploding pusher, and D(3)He implosions using DD or DT neutrons with an accuracy better than ±70 ps. In the second phase of the project, a deflecting magnet will be incorporated into the pTOF design for simultaneous measurements of shock- and compression-bang times in D(3)He-filled surrogate implosions using D(3)He protons and DD-neutrons, respectively.
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Aranday-Cortes E, Bull NC, Villarreal-Ramos B, Gough J, Hicks D, Ortiz-Peláez Á, Vordermeier HM, Salguero FJ. Upregulation of IL-17A, CXCL9 and CXCL10 in Early-Stage Granulomas Induced byMycobacterium bovisin Cattle. Transbound Emerg Dis 2012; 60:525-37. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1865-1682.2012.01370.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Aranday-Cortes
- TB Research Group; Department of Bacteriology; Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency, AHVLA - Weybridge; New Haw Addlestone Surrey UK
| | - N. C. Bull
- TB Research Group; Department of Bacteriology; Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency, AHVLA - Weybridge; New Haw Addlestone Surrey UK
- Pathology Unit; Department of Specialist Scientific Support; Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency, AHVLA - Weybridge; New Haw Addlestone Surrey UK
| | - B. Villarreal-Ramos
- TB Research Group; Department of Bacteriology; Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency, AHVLA - Weybridge; New Haw Addlestone Surrey UK
| | - J. Gough
- Pathology Unit; Department of Specialist Scientific Support; Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency, AHVLA - Weybridge; New Haw Addlestone Surrey UK
| | - D. Hicks
- Pathology Unit; Department of Specialist Scientific Support; Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency, AHVLA - Weybridge; New Haw Addlestone Surrey UK
| | - Á. Ortiz-Peláez
- Centre for Epidemiology and Risk Analysis; Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency, AHVLA - Weybridge; New Haw Addlestone Surrey UK
| | - H. M. Vordermeier
- TB Research Group; Department of Bacteriology; Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency, AHVLA - Weybridge; New Haw Addlestone Surrey UK
| | - F. J. Salguero
- Pathology Unit; Department of Specialist Scientific Support; Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency, AHVLA - Weybridge; New Haw Addlestone Surrey UK
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41
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Robey HF, Celliers PM, Kline JL, Mackinnon AJ, Boehly TR, Landen OL, Eggert JH, Hicks D, Le Pape S, Farley DR, Bowers MW, Krauter KG, Munro DH, Jones OS, Milovich JL, Clark D, Spears BK, Town RPJ, Haan SW, Dixit S, Schneider MB, Dewald EL, Widmann K, Moody JD, Döppner TD, Radousky HB, Nikroo A, Kroll JJ, Hamza AV, Horner JB, Bhandarkar SD, Dzenitis E, Alger E, Giraldez E, Castro C, Moreno K, Haynam C, LaFortune KN, Widmayer C, Shaw M, Jancaitis K, Parham T, Holunga DM, Walters CF, Haid B, Malsbury T, Trummer D, Coffee KR, Burr B, Berzins LV, Choate C, Brereton SJ, Azevedo S, Chandrasekaran H, Glenzer S, Caggiano JA, Knauer JP, Frenje JA, Casey DT, Johnson MG, Séguin FH, Young BK, Edwards MJ, Van Wonterghem BM, Kilkenny J, MacGowan BJ, Atherton J, Lindl JD, Meyerhofer DD, Moses E. Precision shock tuning on the national ignition facility. Phys Rev Lett 2012; 108:215004. [PMID: 23003273 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.215004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2011] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Ignition implosions on the National Ignition Facility [J. D. Lindl et al., Phys. Plasmas 11, 339 (2004)] are underway with the goal of compressing deuterium-tritium fuel to a sufficiently high areal density (ρR) to sustain a self-propagating burn wave required for fusion power gain greater than unity. These implosions are driven with a very carefully tailored sequence of four shock waves that must be timed to very high precision to keep the fuel entropy and adiabat low and ρR high. The first series of precision tuning experiments on the National Ignition Facility, which use optical diagnostics to directly measure the strength and timing of all four shocks inside a hohlraum-driven, cryogenic liquid-deuterium-filled capsule interior have now been performed. The results of these experiments are presented demonstrating a significant decrease in adiabat over previously untuned implosions. The impact of the improved shock timing is confirmed in related deuterium-tritium layered capsule implosions, which show the highest fuel compression (ρR~1.0 g/cm(2)) measured to date, exceeding the previous record [V. Goncharov et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 165001 (2010)] by more than a factor of 3. The experiments also clearly reveal an issue with the 4th shock velocity, which is observed to be 20% slower than predictions from numerical simulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H F Robey
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA
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Anderson C, Bemis L, Medlin E, Manning N, Dye W, Hicks D, Spillman M. Differential estrogen regulation of ovarian cancer MicroRNAs integrates BRCA1 and progesterone receptor pathways. Gynecol Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2011.12.314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Panicker J, Lochmuller H, Bushby K, Straub V, Hicks D, Sarkozy A, Ray P. 165 Novel ANO5 gene mutations, c.989dupT and c.2018A→G causing Limb Girdle Muscular dystrophy 2L. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2011-301993.207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Hicks D, Martoni E, Straub V, Lochmüller H, Laval S, Bushby K. P79 Identification of novel variants in patients with non-collagen VI Bethlem myopathy by the emerging technology of exomic sequencing. Neuromuscul Disord 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0960-8966(12)70087-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Johnson N, Brookes S, Healy D, Spencer Y, Hicks D, Nunez A, Wells G, Fooks A. Pathology Associated with a Human Case of Rabies in the United Kingdom Caused by European Bat Lyssavirus Type-2. Intervirology 2012; 55:391-4. [DOI: 10.1159/000333019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2011] [Accepted: 07/21/2011] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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Dabbs DJ, Hicks D, Tubbs R, Bhargava R, Brufsky A. P4-09-22: Multicenter Quality Assurance Profile Review of Lobular Breast Carcinomas Versus the 21 Gene Recurrence Score: Assessment of Clinical Relevance. Cancer Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs11-p4-09-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
The oncotype dx (ODX) 21 gene recurrence score (RS), was intended to predict the 10 year risk of breast cancer recurrence for estrogen receptor positive, lymph node negative disease (NEJM 2004;351:2817–26). The proportions of patients that were reported as low, intermediate and high risk were 51%/22%, 27%. This population of patients was dominated by ductal carcinomas (DCA), with a paucity of classical lobular carcinomas (CLCA), which are ER-rich and low grade histology. To date, there is dearth of data regarding the relationship of the RS and CLCA, and the clinical relevance regarding the ODX RS in CLCA has not been studied.
Methods
As part of quality assurance review at three institutions, the ODX RS for all CLCA were reviewed in order to determine the perceived clinical relevance of the ODX RS compared to the proportions of RS reported (NEJM 2004;351:2817–26).
Results
A total of 219 cases of ODX were performed on CLCA. The low/intermediate/high risk profile was 58%/40%/2%.
Conclusions (1) The risk profile of ODX for CLCA is very different from the original DCA dominant population previously reported. (2) If the goal of ODX is to identify candidates for chemotherapy, then a high RS is a rare event for CLCA, and as such, the judgment to administer chemotherapy to an individual patient would most likely depend upon factors other than the ODX, because 98 percent of patients are combined low/intermediate risk RS.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-09-22.
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Affiliation(s)
- DJ Dabbs
- 1University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA; University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY; Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - D Hicks
- 1University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA; University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY; Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - R Tubbs
- 1University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA; University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY; Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - R Bhargava
- 1University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA; University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY; Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - A Brufsky
- 1University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA; University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY; Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
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Peppone L, Rickles A, Huston A, Sprod L, Hicks D, Mustian K, Skinner K. The Association between Prognostic Demographic and Tumor Characteristics of Breast Carcinomas with Serum 25-OH Vitamin D Levels. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2011. [DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-11-0089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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48
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Sparrow JR, Hicks D, Hamel CP. The retinal pigment epithelium in health and disease. Curr Mol Med 2011; 10:802-23. [PMID: 21091424 DOI: 10.2174/156652410793937813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 397] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2010] [Accepted: 09/13/2010] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPE) constitute a simple layer of cuboidal cells that are strategically situated behind the photoreceptor (PR) cells. The inconspicuousness of this monolayer contrasts sharply with its importance [1]. The relationship between the RPE and PR cells is crucial to sight; this is evident from basic and clinical studies demonstrating that primary dysfunctioning of the RPE can result in visual cell death and blindness. RPE cells carry out many functions including the conversion and storage of retinoid, the phagocytosis of shed PR outer segment membrane, the absorption of scattered light, ion and fluid transport and RPE-PR apposition. The magnitude of the demands imposed on this single layer of cells in order to execute these tasks, will become apparent to the reader of this review as will the number of clinical disorders that take origin from these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Sparrow
- Department of Ophthalmology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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Frid A, Hirsch L, Gaspar R, Hicks D, Kreugel G, Liersch J, Letondeur C, Sauvanet JP, Tubiana-Rufi N, Strauss K. The Third Injection Technique Workshop in Athens (TITAN). Diabetes Metab 2010; 36 Suppl 2:S19-29. [PMID: 20933206 DOI: 10.1016/s1262-3636(10)70003-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The first Injection Technique workshop brought together endocrinologists and injection experts from around the world in Strasbourg in 1997. From its work came groundbreaking recommendations which advanced best practices in areas such as the use of a skin fold when injecting. The second Injection Technique workshop, with an expanded format including nurses and diabetes educators, took place in Barcelona in 2000. The initial stimulus to use shorter injecting needles can be said to date from this meeting. The third Injection Technique workshop was held in Athens in September 2009 and involved 127 experts from across the globe. After a comprehensive review of all publications since 2000 as well as several unpublished studies, the attendees divided into smaller groups to debate and draft new injecting recommendations based on the new data and their collective experience. This paper summarizes all the formal presentations given at this practical consensus workshop.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Frid
- Endocrinologist, Clinic of Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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Frid A, Hirsch L, Gaspar R, Hicks D, Kreugel G, Liersch J, Letondeur C, Sauvanet JP, Tubiana-Rufi N, Strauss K. New injection recommendations for patients with diabetes. Diabetes Metab 2010; 36 Suppl 2:S3-18. [PMID: 20933208 DOI: 10.1016/s1262-3636(10)70002-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIM Injections administered by patients are one of the mainstays of diabetes management. Proper injection technique is vital to avoiding intramuscular injections, ensuring appropriate delivery to the subcutaneous tissues and avoiding common complications such as lipohypertrophy. Yet few formal guidelines have been published summarizing all that is known about best practice. We propose new injection guidelines which are thoroughly evidence-based, written and vetted by a large group of international injection experts. METHODS A systematic literature study was conducted for all peer-reviewed studies and publications which bear on injections in diabetes. An international group of experts met regularly over a two-year period to review this literature and draft the recommendations. These were then presented for review and revision to 127 experts from 27 countries at the TITAN workshop in September, 2009. RESULTS Of 292 articles reviewed, 157 were found to meet the criteria of relevance to the recommendations. Each recommendation was graded by the weight it should have in daily practice and by its degree of support in the medical literature. The topics covered include The Role of the Professional, Psychological Challenges, Education, Site Care, Storage, Suspension and Priming, Injecting Process, Proper Use of Pens and Syringes, Insulin analogues, Human and Pre-mixed Insulins, GLP-1 analogs, Needle Length, Skin Folds, Lipohypertrophy, Rotation, Bleeding and Bruising, Pregnancy, Safety and Disposal. CONCLUSION These injecting recommendations provide practical guidance and fill an important gap in diabetes management. If followed, they should help ensure comfortable, effective and largely complication-free injections.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Frid
- Endocrinologist, Clinic of Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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