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Doherty AJ, Benedetto V, Harris C, Ridley J, O'Donoghue A, James-Jenkinson L, Fidler D, Clegg A. Preventing falls at home among people with intellectual disabilities: A scoping review. J Appl Res Intellect Disabil 2023. [PMID: 37076958 DOI: 10.1111/jar.13104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Falls are common among people with intellectual disabilities. Many falls happen within the home. Our scoping review aimed to identify evidence for falls-risk factors and falls-prevention interventions for this population. METHOD We conducted a multi-database search to identify any type of published study that explored falls-risk factors or falls-prevention interventions for people with intellectual disabilities. Following a process of (i) title & abstract and (ii) full-text screening, data was extracted from the included studies and described narratively. RESULTS Forty-one studies were included. Risks are multifactorial. There was limited evidence of medical, behavioural/psychological, or environmental interventions to address modifiable risk factors, and no evidence of the interventions' cost-effectiveness. CONCLUSIONS Clinically and cost effective, acceptable and accessible falls-prevention pathways should be available for people with intellectual disabilities who are at risk of falls from an earlier age than the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison J Doherty
- Institute for Global Health and Wellbeing, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK
- Synthesis, Economic Evaluation and Decision Science (SEEDS) Group, Health Technology Assessment (HTA) Unit, Applied Health Research hub, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK
- Methodological Innovation, Development, Adaptation and Support (MIDAS) Theme, National Institute for Health and Care Research Applied Research Collaboration North West Coast (NIHR ARC NWC), based at the University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK
| | - Valerio Benedetto
- Institute for Global Health and Wellbeing, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK
- Synthesis, Economic Evaluation and Decision Science (SEEDS) Group, Health Technology Assessment (HTA) Unit, Applied Health Research hub, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK
- Methodological Innovation, Development, Adaptation and Support (MIDAS) Theme, National Institute for Health and Care Research Applied Research Collaboration North West Coast (NIHR ARC NWC), based at the University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK
| | - Catherine Harris
- Institute for Global Health and Wellbeing, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK
- Synthesis, Economic Evaluation and Decision Science (SEEDS) Group, Health Technology Assessment (HTA) Unit, Applied Health Research hub, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK
- Methodological Innovation, Development, Adaptation and Support (MIDAS) Theme, National Institute for Health and Care Research Applied Research Collaboration North West Coast (NIHR ARC NWC), based at the University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK
| | - Julie Ridley
- Institute for Global Health and Wellbeing, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK
- Centre for Citizenship and Community, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK
| | | | | | - Dave Fidler
- Pathways Associates (Community Interest Company), Accrington, UK
| | - Andrew Clegg
- Institute for Global Health and Wellbeing, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK
- Synthesis, Economic Evaluation and Decision Science (SEEDS) Group, Health Technology Assessment (HTA) Unit, Applied Health Research hub, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK
- Methodological Innovation, Development, Adaptation and Support (MIDAS) Theme, National Institute for Health and Care Research Applied Research Collaboration North West Coast (NIHR ARC NWC), based at the University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK
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Soltani A, Schworer EK, Jacobson LA, Channell MM, Lee NR, Faught GG, Grzadzinski R, Fidler D, Esbensen AJ. Confirmatory factor analysis of the BRIEF2 in a sample of youth with Down syndrome. J Intellect Disabil Res 2023; 67:148-158. [PMID: 36573033 PMCID: PMC9839560 DOI: 10.1111/jir.13000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The factor structure of the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function, second edition (BRIEF2) has been widely examined in both typically developing children and specific clinical samples. Despite the frequent use of the BRIEF2 for measuring executive functioning in individuals with Down syndrome, no study has investigated the factorial validity or dimensionality of the BRIEF2 in this population. This study aimed to address this notable gap in the literature. METHODS Parents of 407 children and youth with Down syndrome aged 6-18 years completed the BRIEF2 as part of different studies led by six sites. Three competing models proposed by previous studies were analysed using Confirmatory Factor Analysis: the theoretical structure of the BRIEF2 where the scales were constrained to load on three factors labelled as Cognitive, Behavioral, and Emotional Regulation, a two-factor correlated model with the merged Behavioral and Emotional regulation, and a single-factor model. RESULTS The three-factor model provided a better fit than the one- and two-factor models, yet a large correlation was observed between Behavioural and Emotional regulation factors. The results provide meaningful explanatory value for the theoretical structure of the BRIEF2. However, the Behavioral and Emotional regulation factors might be less differentiated and the two-factor structure of the BRIEF2 may also make theoretical and empirical sense. CONCLUSIONS Although more studies are needed to further examine the factor structure of the BRIEF2 in youth with Down syndrome, this investigation provides preliminary support for the interpretation of the three executive function index scores provided by the BRIEF2: Cognitive, Behavioral, and Emotional Regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Soltani
- Department of Educational Psychology, Kerman BranchIslamic Azad UniversityKermanIran
| | - E. K. Schworer
- Division of Developmental and Behavioral PediatricsCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOHUSA
- Waisman CenterUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWIUSA
| | - L. A. Jacobson
- Department of Neuropsychology, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesJohn Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - M. M. Channell
- Department of Speech and Hearing ScienceUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignChampaign, ILUSA
| | - N. R. Lee
- Department of Psychological and Brain SciencesDrexel UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA
| | - G. G. Faught
- Department of PsychologyThe University of AlabamaTuscaloosaALUSA
| | - R. Grzadzinski
- Carolina Institute for Developmental DisabilitiesUniversity of North CarolinaCarrboroNCUSA
| | - D. Fidler
- Department of Human Development and Family StudiesColorado State UniversityFort CollinsCOUSA
| | - A. J. Esbensen
- Division of Developmental and Behavioral PediatricsCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOHUSA
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of Cincinnati College of MedicineCincinnatiOHUSA
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Tomaszewski B, Fidler D, Talapatra D, Riley K. Adaptive behaviour, executive function and employment in adults with Down syndrome. J Intellect Disabil Res 2018; 62:41-52. [PMID: 29214700 DOI: 10.1111/jir.12450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals with Down syndrome (DS) demonstrate difficulties with aspects of executive function (EF) and adaptive behaviour across the lifespan. There is a current lack of information regarding how these difficulties relate to employment outcomes in adulthood. This study evaluated the adaptive behaviour and EF profiles of individuals with DS during early adulthood and the association between these areas of functioning and employment status. METHODS Parents or caregivers of primarily young adults with DS (n = 31; mean chronological age = 25.9 years; SD = 5.92) completed the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales - Second Edition the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function - Adult version and a demographic questionnaire that requested information regarding adult employment status. RESULTS Findings indicated a distinct pattern of relative strengths and challenges in adaptive behaviour and EF. In addition, the EF sub-domain of working memory was a significant predictor of employment status. CONCLUSIONS Specific aspects of the DS cognitive profile may have an important influence on employment status in primarily young adults with DS. Implications for interventions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Tomaszewski
- Frank Porter Graham Child Development Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Human Development and Family Studies, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - D Fidler
- Human Development and Family Studies, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - D Talapatra
- Morgridge College of Education, University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA
| | - K Riley
- Morgridge College of Education, University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA
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