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Hosoya H, Carleton M, Tanaka K, Sworder B, Hovanky V, Duran GE, Zhang TY, Khodadoust M, Miklos DB, Arai S, Iberri D, Liedtke M, Sidana S, Kurtz D. Circulating Tumor DNA for Disease Characterization and Response Prediction in Myeloma Patients Undergoing Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy. Transplant Cell Ther 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-6367(23)00070-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Kim GYE, Noshad M, Stehr H, Rojansky R, Gratzinger D, Oak J, Brar R, Iberri D, Kong C, Zehnder J, Chen JH. Machine Learning Predictability of Clinical Next Generation Sequencing for Hematologic Malignancies to Guide High-Value Precision Medicine. AMIA Annu Symp Proc 2022; 2021:641-650. [PMID: 35308914 PMCID: PMC8861666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Advancing diagnostic testing capabilities such as clinical next generation sequencing methods offer the potential to diagnose, risk stratify, and guide specialized treatment, but must be balanced against the escalating costs of healthcare to identify patient cases most likely to benefit from them. Heme-STAMP (Stanford Actionable Mutation Panel for Hematopoietic and Lymphoid Malignancies) is one such next generation sequencing test. Our objective is to assess how well Heme-STAMP pathological variants can be predicted given electronic health records data available at the time of test ordering. The model demonstrated AUROC 0.74 (95% CI: [0.72, 0.76]) with 99% negative predictive value at 6% specificity. A benchmark for comparison is the prevalence of positive results in the dataset at 58.7%. Identifying patients with very low or very high predicted probabilities of finding actionable mutations (positive result) could guide more precise high-value selection of patient cases to test.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Morteza Noshad
- Stanford Center for Biomedical Informatics Research, Stanford, CA
| | | | | | | | - Jean Oak
- Department of Pathology, Stanford, CA
| | | | | | | | - James Zehnder
- Department of Pathology, Stanford, CA
- Department of Hematology, Stanford, CA
| | - Jonathan H Chen
- Stanford Center for Biomedical Informatics Research, Stanford, CA
- Division of Hospital Medicine, Stanford, CA
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Azizi A, Ediriwickrema A, Dutta R, Patel SA, Shomali W, Medeiros B, Iberri D, Gotlib J, Mannis G, Greenberg P, Majeti R, Zhang T. Venetoclax and hypomethylating agent therapy in high risk myelodysplastic syndromes: a retrospective evaluation of a real-world experience. Leuk Lymphoma 2020; 61:2700-2707. [PMID: 32543932 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2020.1775214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Treatment with hypomethylating agents (HMAs) azacitidine or decitabine is the current standard of care for high risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs) but is associated with low rates of response. The limited number of treatment options for patients with high risk MDS highlights a need for new therapeutic options. Venetoclax is an inhibitor of the BCL-2 protein which, when combined with an HMA, has shown high response rates in unfit and previously untreated acute myeloid leukemia. We performed a retrospective study of high risk MDS patients receiving combination HMA plus venetoclax in order to determine their effectiveness in this context. We show that in our cohort, the combination results in high response rates but is associated with a high frequency of myelosuppression. These data highlight the efficacy of combination HMA plus venetoclax in high risk MDS, warranting further prospective evaluation in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armon Azizi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Asiri Ediriwickrema
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ritika Dutta
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Shyam A Patel
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, UMass Memorial Medical Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - William Shomali
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Bruno Medeiros
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - David Iberri
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jason Gotlib
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Gabriel Mannis
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Peter Greenberg
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ravindra Majeti
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Tian Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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Karp Leaf R, Ferreri C, Rangachari D, Mier J, Witteles W, Ansstas G, Anagnostou T, Zubiri L, Piotrowska Z, Oo TH, Iberri D, Yarchoan M, Salama A, Johnson DB, Leavitt AD, Rahma O, Reynolds KL, Leaf DE. Clinical and laboratory features of autoimmune hemolytic anemia associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Am J Hematol 2019; 94:563-574. [PMID: 30790338 PMCID: PMC9552038 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.25448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPis) are a novel class of immunotherapeutic agents that have revolutionized the treatment of cancer; however, these drugs can also cause a unique spectrum of autoimmune toxicity. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is a rare, but often severe, complication of ICPis. We identified 14 patients from nine institutions across the United States who developed ICPi-AIHA. The median interval from ICPi initiation to development of AIHA was 55 days (interquartile range [IQR], 22-110 days). Results from the direct antiglobulin test (DAT) were available for 13 of 14 patients: 8 patients (62%) had a positive DAT and 5 (38%) had a negative DAT. The median pretreatment and nadir hemoglobin concentrations were 11.8 g/dL (IQR, 10.2-12.9 g/dL) and 6.3 g/dL (IQR, 6.1-8.0 g/dL), respectively. Four patients (29%) had a preexisting lymphoproliferative disorder, and two (14%) had a positive DAT prior to initiation of ICPi therapy. All patients were treated with glucocorticoids, with three requiring additional immunosuppressive therapy. Complete and partial recoveries of hemoglobin were achieved in 12 (86%) and 2 (14%) patients, respectively. Seven patients (50%) were rechallenged with ICPis, and one (14%) developed recurrent AIHA. Clinical and laboratory features of ICPi-AIHA were similar in DAT positive and negative patients. ICPi-AIHA shares many clinical features with primary AIHA; however, a unique aspect of ICPi-AIHA is a high incidence of DAT negativity. Glucocorticoids are an effective first-line treatment in the majority of patients with ICPi-AIHA, and most patients who are rechallenged with an ICPi do not appear to develop recurrence of AIHA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Karp Leaf
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | | | - Deepa Rangachari
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - James Mier
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Wesley Witteles
- Divison of Hematology and Oncology, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA
| | - George Ansstas
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Washington University St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | | | - Leyre Zubiri
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Zofia Piotrowska
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Thein H. Oo
- Section of Benign Hematology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - David Iberri
- Division of Hematology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA
| | - Mark Yarchoan
- Division of Oncology, Johns Hopkins Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD
| | - April Salama
- Department of Internal Medicine, Duke University Hospital, Durham, NC
| | - Douglas B. Johnson
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Andrew D. Leavitt
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Osama Rahma
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Kerry Lynn Reynolds
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - David E. Leaf
- Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
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