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Ploth D. Walter Reed at Camp Lazear: A Paradigm for Contemporary Clinical Research. Am J Med Sci 2019; 357:7-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.amjms.2018.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Shamir AR, Karembelkar A, Yabes J, Yao Y, Miskulin D, Gassman J, Ploth D, Negrea L, Paine S, Rahman M, Kwong RY, Zager P, Jhamb M. Association of Intradialytic Hypertension with Left Ventricular Mass in Hypertensive Hemodialysis Patients Enrolled in the Blood Pressure in Dialysis (BID) Study. Kidney Blood Press Res 2018; 43:882-892. [PMID: 29870977 PMCID: PMC6487648 DOI: 10.1159/000490336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Intradialytic hypertension (IDH), or paradoxical rise in blood pressure (BP) during hemodialysis (HD) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The association between IDH and increased left ventricular mass (LVM), a well-known risk factor for adverse cardiovascular outcomes in HD patients, has not been studied. The aim of our study is to evaluate the cross-sectional association of intradialytic change in BP with cardiac structure and function measured by cardiac MRI in hypertensive HD patients enrolled in the multi-center Blood Pressure in Dialysis (BID) clinical trial. METHODS Participants in the BID study were categorized into 3 groups based on average change (Δ) in systolic blood pressure (SBP) (post-HD SBP minus pre-HD SBP) during HD over a 1 month period: group 1 - patients with an increase in SBP ≥ 10mm Hg during HD (IDH); group 2 -patients with SBP decrease of greater ≥10mm Hg during HD; group 3 - patients with SBP increase or decrease by < 10mm Hg during HD. LVM index (LVMI) was measured using cardiac MRI, which were centrally read. Baseline characteristics were compared in the 3 groups and multivariable regression models were fitted for the adjusted association of IDH with LVMI. RESULTS Among the 80 participants, 7 (8.8%) had IDH and had average Δ SBP 17.0 ± 10.1 mmHg during HD. Patients with IDH were less likely to be diabetic, had lower pre-dialysis SBP and lower percent interdialytic weight gain as compared to the other 2 groups (p=0.02, p< 0.001 and p=0.02 respectively). In multivariable regression analyses, IDH was significantly associated with LVMI (adjusted mean difference relative to SBP decreased group [95% confidence interval (CI)] = 12.5 [3.6, 21.5], p=0.01) after adjusting for age, sex, diabetes, IDWG%, pre-HD SBP and beta blocker use. Every 1 mm rise in ΔSBP during HD was associated with 0.2 g/m2 increase in LVMI in adjusted models (p=0.04). CONCLUSION IDH is independently associated with higher LVMI in hypertensive HD patients and may contribute to increased cardiovascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amith Roy Shamir
- Renal-Electrolyte Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Jonathan Yabes
- Center for Research on Heath Care, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine and Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yi Yao
- Center for Research on Heath Care, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine and Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Dana Miskulin
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jennifer Gassman
- Quantitative Health Sciences Department, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - David Ploth
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Lavinia Negrea
- Nephrology and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Susan Paine
- Dialysis Clinic, Inc., New Mexico, New Mexico, USA
| | - Mahboob Rahman
- Nephrology and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Raymond Y Kwong
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Philip Zager
- Dialysis Clinic, Inc., New Mexico, New Mexico, USA
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, University of New Mexico, New Mexico, New Mexico, USA
| | - Manisha Jhamb
- Renal-Electrolyte Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA,
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Ku E, Gassman J, Appel LJ, Smogorzewski M, Sarnak MJ, Glidden DV, Bakris G, Gutiérrez OM, Hebert LA, Ix JH, Lea J, Lipkowitz MS, Norris K, Ploth D, Pogue VA, Rostand SG, Siew ED, Sika M, Tisher CC, Toto R, Wright JT, Wyatt C, Hsu CY. BP Control and Long-Term Risk of ESRD and Mortality. J Am Soc Nephrol 2016; 28:671-677. [PMID: 27516235 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2016030326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
We recently showed an association between strict BP control and lower mortality risk during two decades of follow-up of prior participants in the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) trial. Here, we determined the risk of ESRD and mortality during extended follow-up of the African American Study of Kidney Disease and Hypertension (AASK) trial. We linked 1067 former AASK participants with CKD previously randomized to strict or usual BP control (mean arterial pressure ≤92 mmHg or 102-107 mmHg, respectively) to the US Renal Data System and Social Security Death Index; 397 patients had ESRD and 475 deaths occurred during a median follow-up of 14.4 years from 1995 to 2012. Compared with the usual BP arm, the strict BP arm had unadjusted and adjusted relative risks of ESRD of 0.92 (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.75 to 1.12) and 0.95 (95% CI, 0.78 to 1.16; P=0.64), respectively, and unadjusted and adjusted relative risks of death of 0.92 (95% CI, 0.77 to 1.10) and 0.81 (95% CI, 0.68 to 0.98; P=0.03), respectively. In meta-analyses of individual-level data from the MDRD and the AASK trials, unadjusted relative risk of ESRD was 0.88 (95% CI, 0.78 to 1.00) and unadjusted relative risk of death was 0.87 (95% CI, 0.76 to 0.99) for strict versus usual BP arms. Our findings suggest that, during long-term follow-up, strict BP control does not delay the onset of ESRD but may reduce the relative risk of death in CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Ku
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, .,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, and
| | - Jennifer Gassman
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Lawrence J Appel
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Miroslaw Smogorzewski
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Mark J Sarnak
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - David V Glidden
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - George Bakris
- Department of Medicine, Comprehensive Hypertension Center, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Orlando M Gutiérrez
- Departments of Medicine and.,Epidemiology, Division of Nephrology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Lee A Hebert
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Joachim H Ix
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - Janice Lea
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Michael S Lipkowitz
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Georgetown University, Washington DC
| | - Keith Norris
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine and Health Services Research, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - David Ploth
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | | | | | - Edward D Siew
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Mohammed Sika
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - C Craig Tisher
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Hypertension, and Renal Transplantation, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Robert Toto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Jackson T Wright
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio; and
| | - Christina Wyatt
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
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West C, Ploth D, Fonner V, Mbwambo J, Fredrick F, Sweat M. Developing a Screening Algorithm for Type II Diabetes Mellitus in the Resource-Limited Setting of Rural Tanzania. Am J Med Sci 2016; 351:408-15. [PMID: 27079348 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjms.2016.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Noncommunicable diseases are on pace to outnumber infectious disease as the leading cause of death in sub-Saharan Africa, yet many questions remain unanswered with concern toward effective methods of screening for type II diabetes mellitus (DM) in this resource-limited setting. We aim to design a screening algorithm for type II DM that optimizes sensitivity and specificity of identifying individuals with undiagnosed DM, as well as affordability to health systems and individuals. METHODS Baseline demographic and clinical data, including hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), were collected from 713 participants using probability sampling of the general population. We used these data, along with model parameters obtained from the literature, to mathematically model 8 purposed DM screening algorithms, while optimizing the sensitivity and specificity using Monte Carlo and Latin Hypercube simulation. RESULTS An algorithm that combines risk assessment and measurement of fasting blood glucose was found to be superior for the most resource-limited settings (sensitivity 68%, sensitivity 99% and cost per patient having DM identified as $2.94). Incorporating HbA1c testing improves the sensitivity to 75.62%, but raises the cost per DM case identified to $6.04. The preferred algorithms are heavily biased to diagnose those with more severe cases of DM. CONCLUSIONS Using basic risk assessment tools and fasting blood sugar testing in lieu of HbA1c testing in resource-limited settings could allow for significantly more feasible DM screening programs with reasonable sensitivity and specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline West
- College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina.
| | - David Ploth
- Department of Nephrology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Virginia Fonner
- Department of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jessie Mbwambo
- Department of Psychiatry, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Francis Fredrick
- School of Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Michael Sweat
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
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Zager PG, Miskulin D, Gassman J, Ploth D, Jhamb M, Rahman M, Negrea L, Kendrick C. Abstract P632: The Blood Pressure in Dialysis (BID) Pilot Study. Hypertension 2015. [DOI: 10.1161/hyp.66.suppl_1.p632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background:
The optimal blood pressure (BP) target for hypertensive hemodialysis (HD) patients is unknown. Current KDOQI guidelines have been extrapolated from data in the general population. The BID pilot, funded by NIDDK and DCI, is the first trial to randomize hypertensive HD patients to intensive (110-140 mm Hg) vs. usual (155-165 mm Hg) control of systolic blood pressure (SBP). The study’s goal is to assess the feasibility of conducting a full-scale trial.
Methods:
BID consortium consists of 5 clinical centers, a cardiac MRI reading center and a data coordinating center. Standardized predialysis SBP, measured in the dialysis unit in accord with AHA recommendations (SDUSBP), guide therapy. To be eligible for randomization patients needed a 2-week running mean SDUSBP ≥ 155 mm Hg. Home BP measurements (HBPM) are obtained twice on the day after the midweek dialysis. Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring (ABPM) during a 44h interdialytic period is obtained quarterly. We compared SDUSBP, HBPM and ABPM.
Results:
We enrolled 281 and randomized 126 participants. Major reasons for drop out during the baseline period were 2-week mean SDUSBP < 155 mm Hg (40.6%), no cardiac MRI (13.0%) and perception of protocol as burdensome (11.2%). Adherence with prescribed SDUSBP was satisfactory. The percent of patients with ≥ 4, ≥ 8 and ≥12 SBP per month were 96, 88 and 57% in month 1 and 78, 68 and 37% in month 12. In a constant cohort of participants followed ≥ 330 days 2-week mean SDUSBP were 144 ± 17.4 and 156 ± 15.2 mm Hg in the intensive and usual arms, respectively. Major reasons that participants in the intensive arm did not achieve target SBP included large interdialytic weight gain (27.2%), non-adherence with medications or dialysis prescription (40.9%), and intradialytic hypotension (31.9%). Differences between the SDUSBP and both HBPM and ABPM were often ≥ 10 mm Hg. Optimal control of BP requires measurements in and out of the dialysis unit. Rates of adverse events were similar to those in other NIDDK funded ESRD studies.
Conclusion:
The difference in BP between arms was achieved and maintained throughout the study. It is feasible to conduct a full-scale clinical trial of intensive vs. usual treatment of hypertension in HD patients.
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Zager P, Gassman J, Miskulin D, Ploth D, Jhamb M, Negrea L. FP079BLOOD PRESSURE IN DIALYSIS PILOT STUDY DEMONSTRATES FEASIBILITY OF A FULL-SCALE RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL OF INTENSIVE VS. USUAL CONTROL OF BP IN HYPERTENSIVE HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfv169.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Xu H, Huang X, Riserus U, Cederholm T, Lindholm B, Arnlov J, Carrero JJ, Leiba A, Vivante A, Bulednikov Y, Golan E, Skorecki K, Shohat T, Mjoen G, Zannad F, Jardine A, Schmieder R, Fellstrom B, Holdaas H, Zager P, Miskulin D, Gassman J, Kendrick C, Ploth D, Jhamb M, Jankowski V, Schulz A, Mischak H, Zidek W, Jankowski J, Lee YK, Cho A, Kim JK, Choi MJ, Kim SJ, Yoon JW, Koo JR, Kim HJ, Noh JW, Itano S, Satoh M, Kidokoro K, Sasaki T, Kashihara N, Koutroumpas G, Sarafidis P, Georgianos P, Karpetas A, Protogerou A, Syrganis C, Malindretos P, Raptopoulou K, Panagoutsos S, Pasadakis P, Zager P, Miskulin D, Gassman J, Kendrick C, Jhamb M, Ploth D, Vink EE, De Boer A, Verloop WL, Spiering W, Voskuil M, Vonken EJ, Hoogduin JM, Leiner T, Bots ML, Blankestijn PJ, Sarafidis PA, Karpetas AV, Georgianos PI, Bikos A, Sklavenitis-Pistofidis R, Tzimou R, Raptis V, Vakianis P, Tersi M, Liakopoulos V, Lasaridis AN, Protogerou A, Ribeiro S, Fernandes J, Garrido P, Sereno J, Vala H, Bronze Da Rocha E, Belo L, Costa E, Reis F, Santos-Silva A, Kalaitzidis R, Skapinakis P, Karathanos V, Karasavvidou D, Katatsis G, Pappas K, Hatzidakis S, Siamopoulos K, Margulis F, Sabbatiello R, Castro C, Ramallo S, Martinez M, Schiavelli R, Ganem D, Nakhoul F, Roth A, Farber E, Kim CS, Kim HY, Kang YU, Choi JS, Bae EH, Ma SK, Kim SW, Koutroumpas G, Sarafidis P, Georgianos P, Karpetas A, Protogerou A, Malindretos P, Syrganis C, Tzanis G, Panagoutsos S, Pasadakis P, Jankowski M, Kasztan M, Kowalski R, Piwkowska A, Rogacka D, Szczepa Ska-Konkel M, Angielski S, Evangelou D, Naka K, Kalaitzidis R, Lakkas L, Bechlioulis A, Gkirdis I, Nakas G, Zarzoulas F, Kotsia A, Balafa O, Tzeltzes G, Pappas K, Katsouras C, Dounousi E, Michalis L, Siamopoulos K, Maciorkowska D, Zbroch E, Koc-Zorawska E, Malyszko J, Karabay Bayazit A, Yuksekkaya I, Aynaci S, Anarat A, Nakai K, Fujii H, Ishida R, Utaka C, Awata R, Goto S, Ito J, Nishi S, Elsurer R, Afsar B, Lepar Z, Radulescu D, David C, Peride I, Niculae A, Checherita IA, Ciocalteu A, Sungur CI, Kanbay M, Siriopol D, Nistor I, Elcioglu OC, Telci O, Johnson R, Covic A, Vettoretti S, Gallazzi E, Meazza R, Gagliardi V, Villarini A, Alfieri CM, Floreani R, Messa P, Vettoretti S, Alfieri CM, Gallazzi E, Gagliardi V, Villarini A, Meazza R, Floreani R, Messa P, Kotovskaya Y, Villevalde S, Kobalava Z, Circiumaru A, Rusu E, Zilisteanu D, Atasie T, Cirstea F, Ecobici M, Voiculescu M, Rosca M, Tanase C, Baoti I, Vidjak V, Prka in I, Bulum T, Arslan E, Sarlak H, Cakar M, Demirbas S, Akhan M, Kurt O, Balta S, Yesilkaya S, Bulucu F, Chan CK, Lin YH, Wu VC, Wu KD, De Beus E, Bots ML, Van Zuilen AD, Wetzels JF, Blankestijn PJ, Mohaupt M, Straessle K, Baumann M, Raio L, Sirbek D, Nascimento MA, Mouro MG, Punaro GR, Mello MT, Tufik S, Higa EMS. HYPERTENSION. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfu142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Dempsey AM, Lacy E, Janech M, Miller D, Ploth D, Fitzgibbon W. Localization of Facilitated Urea Transporters to Tubular Segments in the Bundle and Sinus Zones of the Kidney of the Euryhaline Stingray,
Dasyatis sabina. FASEB J 2008. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.22.1_supplement.1216.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Eric Lacy
- Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSC
| | | | | | - David Ploth
- Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSC
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Bell PD, Reddington M, Ploth D, Navar LG. Tubuloglomerular feedback-mediated decreases in glomerular pressure in Munich-Wistar rats. Am J Physiol 1984; 247:F877-80. [PMID: 6507627 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.1984.247.6.f877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
These experiments were performed to evaluate directly measured glomerular capillary pressure and single nephron glomerular filtration rate (SNGFR) tubuloglomerular feedback responses in Munich-Wistar rats during increased distal flow rate achieved by infusing an isotonic electrolyte solution into unblocked late proximal tubules. Arterial pressure averaged 114 +/- 2 mmHg and proximal tubule pressure was 14 +/- 1 mmHg. In eight tubules, control SNGFR based on distal tubular fluid collections averaged 22 +/- 3 nl/min, decreased to 15 +/- 2.3 nl/min when 10-12 nl/min of perfusate was infused into the late proximal tubule, and further decreased to 9 +/- 1.7 nl/min at an infusion of 20-24 nl/min. In 22 tubules, control glomerular capillary pressure was 55 +/- 1.6 mmHg, decreased to 43 +/- 2.5 mmHg with addition of perfusate into a late proximal tubule at a rate of 24 nl/min, and returned to 53 +/- 3.1 mmHg when perfusion was stopped. In eight nephrons, glomerular capillary pressure was shown to be responsive to smaller increments in the late proximal infusion rate and was reduced by 4 +/- 0.5 and 7 +/- 1.1 mmHg at the intermediate rates of 10 and 15 nl/min, respectively. These results demonstrate that glomerular pressure decreases during increased distal delivery even when the tubule is not blocked. They are consistent with the hypothesis that increases in afferent arteriolar resistance are primarily responsible for feedback-mediated reductions in glomerular filtration rate.
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Abstract
This review summarizes the historical development and recent resurgence of interest in dietary potassium as a factor in hypertension. Some epidemiologic evidence has suggested that potassium intake by humans may be inversely related to the level of arterial blood pressure. Other studies have suggested that a marked reduction in the Na+/K+ ratio of the human diet reduces the blood pressure of normotensives. Further, the administration of high potassium diets has resulted in a lowering of blood pressure in some animal models of hypertension. Several possible mechanisms for this putative antihypertensive effect are evident. Some observations suggest that potassium could act as a diuretic agent and thereby reduce extracellular fluid volume, which in turn could result in decreased blood pressure. An alternative mechanism of action is that potassium may alter the activity of the renin-angiotensin system and reduce angiotensin influences on vascular, adrenal, or renal receptors. Other evidence supports the possibility that potassium modifies central or the peripheral neural mechanisms that regulate blood pressure. In addition, high potassium diets could reduce blood pressure by relaxing vascular smooth muscle and reducing peripheral vascular resistance directly. Although diets high in potassium content do appear to modify arterial blood pressure under some circumstances, particularly in salt-dependent hypertension, a high potassium intake has not always attenuated blood pressure in all models examined. Further, evaluation of these data do not allow definite conclusions regarding a common mechanism through which potassium exerts these effects.
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Treasure J, Work J, Palmer C, Ploth D. Dietary potassium and the development of hypertension in two-kidney, one clip Goldblatt hypertensive rats. Hypertension 1983; 5:521-8. [PMID: 6345361 DOI: 10.1161/01.hyp.5.4.521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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