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Cormier SA, Taranova AG, Bedient C, Nguyen T, Protheroe C, Pero R, Dimina D, Ochkur SI, O’Neill K, Colbert D, Lombari TR, Constant S, McGarry MP, Lee JJ, Lee NA. Pivotal Advance: eosinophil infiltration of solid tumors is an early and persistent inflammatory host response. J Leukoc Biol 2006; 79:1131-9. [PMID: 16617160 PMCID: PMC3496422 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.0106027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated eosinophilia has been observed in numerous human cancers and several tumor models in animals; however, the details surrounding this eosinophilia remain largely undefined and anecdotal. We used a B16-F10 melanoma cell injection model to demonstrate that eosinophil infiltration of tumors occurred from the earliest palpable stages with significant accumulations only in the necrotic and capsule regions. Furthermore, the presence of diffuse extracellular matrix staining for eosinophil major basic protein was restricted to the necrotic areas of tumors, indicating that eosinophil degranulation was limited to this region. Antibody-mediated depletion of CD4+ T cells and adoptive transfer of eosinophils suggested, respectively, that the accumulation of eosinophils is not associated with T helper cell type 2-dependent immune responses and that recruitment is a dynamic, ongoing process, occurring throughout tumor growth. Ex vivo migration studies have identified what appears to be a novel chemotactic factor(s) released by stressed/dying melanoma cells, suggesting that the accumulation of eosinophils in tumors occurs, in part, through a unique mechanism dependent on a signal(s) released from areas of necrosis. Collectively, these studies demonstrate that the infiltration of tumors by eosinophils is an early and persistent response that is spatial-restricted. It is more important that these data also show that the mechanism(s) that elicit this host response occur, independent of immune surveillance, suggesting that eosinophils are part of an early inflammatory reaction at the site of tumorigenesis.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- CD4 Antigens/immunology
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Cells, Cultured
- Chemotactic Factors/metabolism
- Chemotaxis/drug effects
- Chemotaxis/physiology
- Culture Media, Conditioned/chemistry
- Culture Media, Conditioned/pharmacology
- Eosinophilia/etiology
- Eosinophilia/physiopathology
- Eosinophils/immunology
- Eosinophils/transplantation
- Immunologic Surveillance
- Immunotherapy, Adoptive
- Inflammation/immunology
- Inflammation/pathology
- Injections, Subcutaneous
- Interleukin-5/genetics
- Lymphocyte Depletion
- Melanoma, Experimental/complications
- Melanoma, Experimental/immunology
- Melanoma, Experimental/metabolism
- Melanoma, Experimental/pathology
- Melanoma, Experimental/therapy
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Transgenic
- Microscopy, Confocal
- Necrosis
- Neoplasm Transplantation
- Th2 Cells/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephania A. Cormier
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, 13400 East Shea Boulevard Scottsdale, AZ 85259
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, 202 Life Sciences Annex, Baton Rouge, LA 70803
| | - Anna G. Taranova
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, 13400 East Shea Boulevard Scottsdale, AZ 85259
| | - Carrie Bedient
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, 13400 East Shea Boulevard Scottsdale, AZ 85259
| | - Thanh Nguyen
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, 13400 East Shea Boulevard Scottsdale, AZ 85259
| | - Cheryl Protheroe
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, 13400 East Shea Boulevard Scottsdale, AZ 85259
| | - Ralph Pero
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, 13400 East Shea Boulevard Scottsdale, AZ 85259
| | - Dawn Dimina
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, 13400 East Shea Boulevard Scottsdale, AZ 85259
| | - Sergei I. Ochkur
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, 13400 East Shea Boulevard Scottsdale, AZ 85259
| | - Katie O’Neill
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, 13400 East Shea Boulevard Scottsdale, AZ 85259
| | - Dana Colbert
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, 13400 East Shea Boulevard Scottsdale, AZ 85259
| | - Theresa R. Lombari
- Laboratory Animal Research Core (LARC) Facility, Mayo Clinic Arizona, 13400 East Shea Boulevard Scottsdale, AZ 85259
| | - Stephanie Constant
- Department of Microbiology and Tropical Medicine, George Washington University, 2300 Eye Street NW, Washington, DC 20037
| | - Michael P. McGarry
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, 13400 East Shea Boulevard Scottsdale, AZ 85259
| | - James J. Lee
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, 13400 East Shea Boulevard Scottsdale, AZ 85259
| | - Nancy A. Lee
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, 13400 East Shea Boulevard Scottsdale, AZ 85259
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Erskin J, Dimina D, Protheroe C, O'Neill K, Lenkiewicz E, Lee J, Cormier S. Pulmonary remodeling is observed in weanling mice exposed to RSV and allergen. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2004.12.578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Lee JJ, Dimina D, Macias MP, Ochkur SI, McGarry MP, O'Neill KR, Protheroe C, Pero R, Nguyen T, Cormier SA, Lenkiewicz E, Colbert D, Rinaldi L, Ackerman SJ, Irvin CG, Lee NA. Defining a link with asthma in mice congenitally deficient in eosinophils. Science 2004; 305:1773-6. [PMID: 15375267 DOI: 10.1126/science.1099472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 531] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Eosinophils are often dominant inflammatory cells present in the lungs of asthma patients. Nonetheless, the role of these leukocytes remains poorly understood. We have created a transgenic line of mice (PHIL) that are specifically devoid of eosinophils, but otherwise have a full complement of hematopoietically derived cells. Allergen challenge of PHIL mice demonstrated that eosinophils were required for pulmonary mucus accumulation and the airway hyperresponsiveness associated with asthma. The development of an eosinophil-less mouse now permits an unambiguous assessment of a number of human diseases that have been linked to this granulocyte, including allergic diseases, parasite infections, and tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- James J Lee
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA.
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Young HWJ, Molina JG, Dimina D, Zhong H, Jacobson M, Chan LNL, Chan TS, Lee JJ, Blackburn MR. A3 adenosine receptor signaling contributes to airway inflammation and mucus production in adenosine deaminase-deficient mice. J Immunol 2004; 173:1380-9. [PMID: 15240734 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.173.2.1380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Adenosine signaling has been implicated in chronic lung diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; however, the specific roles of the various adenosine receptors in processes central to these disorders are not well understood. In this study, we have investigated the role(s) of the A(3) adenosine receptor in adenosine-dependent pulmonary inflammation observed in adenosine deaminase (ADA)-deficient mice. The A(3) receptor (A(3)R) was found to be expressed in eosinophils and mucus-producing cells in the airways of ADA-deficient mice. Treatment of ADA-deficient mice with MRS 1523, a selective A(3)R antagonist, prevented airway eosinophilia and mucus production. Similar findings were seen in the lungs of ADA/A(3) double knockout mice. Although eosinophils were decreased in the airways of ADA-deficient mice following antagonism or removal of the A(3)R, elevations in circulating and lung interstitial eosinophils persisted, suggesting signaling through the A(3)R is needed for the migration of eosinophils into the airways. These findings identify an important role for the A(3)R in regulating lung eosinophilia and mucus production in an environment of elevated adenosine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hays W J Young
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas-Houston Medical School, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Cormier SA, Yuang S, Dimina D, Lee NA, Lee JJ. Th2 mediated pulmonary inflammation induces the differential expression of a unique eosinophil-associated ribonuclease gene. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0091-6749(02)81628-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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