1
|
Kumar Kushwaha R, Rakshitha V, Kumar Jain S, Kumar Yadav D. A new method for extracting flower antigen in "as is" form. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2024; 0:1-2. [PMID: 38595001 DOI: 10.25259/ijdvl_805_2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Kumar Kushwaha
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Government Medical College, Rangbari, Kota, India
| | - V Rakshitha
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Government Medical College, Rangbari, Kota, India
| | - Suresh Kumar Jain
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Government Medical College, Rangbari, Kota, India
| | - Devendra Kumar Yadav
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Government Medical College, Rangbari, Kota, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kulkarni K, Dhua AK, Goel P, Jain V, Yadav DK, Agarwala S, Kandasamy D. Successful Laparoscopic Management of Zinner Syndrome in a Pediatric Patient. J Indian Assoc Pediatr Surg 2024; 29:180-182. [PMID: 38616843 PMCID: PMC11014169 DOI: 10.4103/jiaps.jiaps_249_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Zinner syndrome, a rare congenital anomaly affecting males, is characterized by atresia of the ejaculatory duct, seminal vesicle cysts, and ipsilateral renal agenesis. This case report details a 2-year-old boy successfully treated with laparoscopic excision of a dilated vas deferens and seminal vesicle cyst. The rarity of Zinner syndrome in pediatric patients underscores the importance of understanding its diagnosis and minimally invasive surgical management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Prabudh Goel
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - Vishesh Jain
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Joseph DT, Bajpai M, Yadav DK, Sharma S, Anand S, Khan MA. Plasma GDNF levels in spinal dysraphism and its relation with neurological impairment in children: A point of care study. J Pediatr Urol 2024; 20:46.e1-46.e8. [PMID: 37858511 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2023.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
AIMS GDNF plays a crucial role in the stimulation of recovery, neuroplasticity and synaptic reorganization after spinal cord injury providing neuroprotection and neuroregeneration. Plasma GDNF levels are upregulated in cases of spina bifida owing to the intrauterine damage of the exposed spinal cord. Our aim was to compare the plasma GDNF levels in patients of spina bifida with non-spina bifida cases and assess the correlation with neurological impairment at one year of follow up. METHODS Single centre prospective analysis of cases of spina bifida from 2020 to 2022 at presentation and after one year of follow up post-surgery. Cases with hernia and hydrocele without any other disorders were recruited into the control group. Plasma GDNF levels were assessed with immunoassay kits and compared with neurological involvement. RESULTS 85 cases were included in the study. GDNF levels were elevated in cases compared to controls (mean 6.62 vs 1.76) with significant p value (<0.01). Same was observed for open and closed defects (mean 7.63 vs 4.86: p < 0.01). At follow up of 52 cases post-surgery cases with neurogenic bladder with abnormal urodynamic studies, sphincter involvement and motor impairment had significantly elevated baseline levels of GDNF compared with those who did not have this neurological impairment (p < 0.01). DISCUSSION The neurotrophic factor up-regulation can reflect an endogenous attempt at neuroprotection against the biochemical and molecular cascades triggered by the spinal cord damage. This upregulation can be represented as important biochemical markers of severe spinal cord damage and can be associated with severity of spine injury in MMC patients. Our results are in keeping with these findings, that, there were increased levels of plasma GDNF levels in cases of spinal dysraphism compared to control population. Also, the type of lesion reflecting the severity whether a closed or an open dysraphism, showed significant difference in levels between them suggesting, yet again, more damage in open defect as expected. The levels were higher with involvement of bladder, sphincter and lower limb power. CONCLUSION There is significant elevation of plasma GDNF levels in cases of spina bifida and this elevation is proportional to the degree of spinal damage and hence the neurological impairment. GDNF levels are a good predictor for assessing the severity of the lesion and thus the outcome in these cases. Additional prospective and long-term studies with a larger cohort are needed for a better understanding of neurotrophin pattern modulation in MMC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Delona Treesa Joseph
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India.
| | - Minu Bajpai
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India.
| | - D K Yadav
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India.
| | - Shilpa Sharma
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India.
| | - Sachit Anand
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India.
| | - M A Khan
- Department of Biostatistics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Nandan R, Yadav DK. Gastric duplication cyst mimicking pancreatic pseudocyst in a child with situs inversus totalis. BMJ Case Rep 2024; 17:e256871. [PMID: 38199658 PMCID: PMC10806963 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2023-256871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ruchira Nandan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Devendra Kumar Yadav
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi, Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Krishnan N, Pakkasjärvi N, Kainth D, Danielson J, Verma A, Yadav DK, Goel P, Anand S. Role of Magnetic Compression Anastomosis in Long-Gap Esophageal Atresia: A Systematic Review. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A 2023; 33:1223-1230. [PMID: 37603306 DOI: 10.1089/lap.2023.0295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Magnetic compression anastomosis (MCA) is an alternative technique for patients with long-gap esophageal atresia (EA). It allows for preservation of the native esophagus. We aimed to systematically summarize the current literature on MCA in EA. Methods: Studies where neonates with EA were treated with MCA devices were included, while studies on esophageal stenosis were excluded. All clinical studies, including comparative studies, case series, and case reports, were eligible for inclusion. Methodological quality assessment was performed using a validated tool. Results: Twelve studies with a total of 42 patients were included in this review. There was a wide variation among these studies with regard to the time of initiation of MCA (1 day to 7 months), procedure time (13-320 minutes), and magnet characteristics (strength, size, and shape of the magnets used). The time to achieve anastomosis ranged from 1 to 12 days. Stricture at the anastomotic site was reported in almost all the patients, which required multiple endoscopic dilatations (median no. of dilatations/patient = 9.8). Stent placement for refractory stricture was required in 9 (21%) patients, and surgery for stricture was required in 6 (14%) patients. Long-term outcomes included esophageal dysmotility (n = 3) and recurrent pulmonary infections (n = 3) were reported in only four studies. Conclusion: As per the findings of this review, neonates with long-gap EA undergoing MCA would invariably require multiple sittings of endoscopic dilatations (median no. of dilatations/patient = 9.8). Also, there is a wide variation among the included studies in terms of the procedure of MCA. Future studies with a standardized procedure for achieving MCA are needed to determine additional outcomes in this fragile patient population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nellai Krishnan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Niklas Pakkasjärvi
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Children's Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Deepika Kainth
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Johan Danielson
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Children's Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ajay Verma
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Devendra Kumar Yadav
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Prabudh Goel
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sachit Anand
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Nandan R, Samie AU, Acharya SK, Goel P, Jain V, Dhua AK, Khan MA, Yadav DK. Pediatric Appendicitis Score or Ultrasonography? In Search of a Better Diagnostic Tool in Indian Children with Lower Abdominal Pain. Indian J Pediatr 2023; 90:1204-1209. [PMID: 35794512 DOI: 10.1007/s12098-022-04226-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To prospectively assess the performance of pediatric appendicitis score (PAS) in diagnosing acute appendicitis in the children with lower abdominal pain and correlated with ultrasound findings; and to assess the impact of the PAS on clinical outcome and its efficacy in differentiating between complicated and uncomplicated appendicitis. METHODS A prospective study was done which included cases of lower abdominal pain. Appendectomy was done for PAS ≥ 6, and diagnosis was confirmed on histopathology. A receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve was created to assess the PAS performance. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of ultrasonography in diagnosing appendicitis were assessed, and analysis of agreement between ultrasonography and PAS score was done by kappa statistics. RESULTS Of 260 cases with lower abdominal pain, 205 were suspected of having appendicitis. One hundred fifty-nine had PAS ≥ 6. There were 2/159 (1.26%) cases of negative appendectomies and 2/46 (4.34%) cases of missed appendicitis. The mean PAS was significantly higher in patients with appendicitis than in those without appendicitis. The area under the ROC curve was 0.9925. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive value of PAS were 98.74%, 95.65%, 95.7% and 95.65%, respectively. Complicated appendicitis had significantly more PAS, fever, and cough tenderness than uncomplicated appendicitis. The sensitivity and specificity of ultrasonography were 86.79% and 17.39%, respectively. Agreement between ultrasonography-proven appendicitis and PAS-dependent appendicitis was weak. CONCLUSION PAS has high efficacy in diagnosing acute appendicitis. Clinical outcome was more favorable with the use of PAS. Ultrasonography should be used judiciously and in combination with clinical judgment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruchira Nandan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Amat Us Samie
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, VMMC and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Samir Kant Acharya
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, VMMC and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Prabudh Goel
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Vishesh Jain
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Anjan Kumar Dhua
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Maroof Ahmad Khan
- Department of Biostatistics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Devendra Kumar Yadav
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Dhua AK, Garg M, Yadav DK, Goel P, Jain V, Anand S, Verma A. Bibliometric Analysis and Visualization of the Extrahepatic Portal Venous Obstruction Publication Landscape. J Indian Assoc Pediatr Surg 2023; 28:497-507. [PMID: 38173644 PMCID: PMC10760604 DOI: 10.4103/jiaps.jiaps_61_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction A scientometric analysis was conducted to characterize the global research publications in extrahepatic portal venous obstruction (EHPVO), and state-of-the-art visualization graphics were generated to provide insight into specific bibliometric variables. Materials and Methods The Web of Science database was accessed for research productivity and bibliometric variables of countries, institutions, authors, journals, and content analysis of top-20 cited documents were performed. Collaborative networks and co-occurrence of keywords map were generated using VOSviewer software. Results Two hundred and sixteen records were retrieved with an annual growth rate of 2.53%. India is the leading country in productivity (n = 4339), followed by the USA and China. Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, was the top productive institute. Sarin SK was the most prolific author, having the highest citations received and h-index. The hotspot topics were "portal hypertension," "cirrhosis," "children," "biliopathy/cholangiopathy," "liver fibrosis," and "liver transplantation" as per keyword co-occurrence networking. J Gastroenterol Hepatol had the most publications of EHPVO research as well the h-index. Regarding collaborative network mapping, the USA and Primignani M were the significant nodes among country and author, respectively. Conclusion EHPVO research publication volume is low but is gradually progressing with dominant contributions from Indian institutes and authors. Most highly cited articles are of low level of evidence, and multi-institutional collaborative research can be the way forward.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohit Garg
- Central Library, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Prabudh Goel
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - Vishesh Jain
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - Sachit Anand
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - Ajay Verma
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sehgal M, Jain V, Agarwala S, Dhua A, Goel P, Yadav DK, Bakhshi S, Kalaivani M. Looking Beyond Toxicities: Other Health-related Morbidities Noted in Childhood Solid Tumor Survivors. J Indian Assoc Pediatr Surg 2023; 28:472-478. [PMID: 38173641 PMCID: PMC10760608 DOI: 10.4103/jiaps.jiaps_104_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim In addition to the well-known toxicities of treatment, survivors of pediatric solid tumors can also develop other health-related conditions. They may either be an indirect consequence of therapy or could be unrelated to their prior history of malignancy. We aim to evaluate the nontoxicity related health conditions in survivors of pediatric solid tumors. Materials and Methods The study included a cohort of hepatoblastoma (HB), Wilm's tumor (WT), and malignant germ cell tumors (MGCT) survivors registered at pediatric surgical-oncology clinic from 1994 to 2016. Follow-up was done according to standard protocols and children were evaluated at each visit for any health-related conditions. Results Of the survivors, 318 survivors, comprising of 48, 81, and 189 survivors of HB, MGCT, and WT, respectively, were included in the analysis. We found 20.8% of patients with HB, 11.1% of patients with MGCT, and 16.4% of patients with WT to report nontoxicity-related health issues. A high prevalence of surgical conditions (3.4%), secondary malignancies (1.2%), gynecological conditions in girls (16.9%), tuberculosis (1.2%), gallstone disease (0.9%), pelvi-ureteral junction obstruction (0.9%), and neurological issues (0.9%) was noted. Two presumed survivors had died, one due to a late recurrence and the other due to a secondary malignancy. Conclusions A high prevalence of medically or surgically manageable conditions makes it imperative to keep these children under follow-up to address any health-related conditions they may subsequently develop.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehak Sehgal
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vishesh Jain
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sandeep Agarwala
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Anjan Dhua
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Prabudh Goel
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Devendra Kumar Yadav
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sameer Bakhshi
- Department of Medical Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Mani Kalaivani
- Department of Biostatistics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Choudhury P, Phugat S, Jain V, Yadav DK, Dhua AK, Verma V, Verma A, Anand S, Singh S, Goel P. Defining the Indications of PATIO Technique for Urethrocutaneous Fistula Repair. J Indian Assoc Pediatr Surg 2023; 28:375-386. [PMID: 37842208 PMCID: PMC10569280 DOI: 10.4103/jiaps.jiaps_25_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Despite the advancements in technique and technology, urethrocutaneous fistula (UCF) formation continues to be the most common complication after hypospadias repair. Objective The objective of the current synthesis is to define the indications of PATIO technique for UCF repair. Materials and Methods The review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. PubMed, Scopus, Ovid, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were interrogated for studies presenting primary data upon UCF repair by the PATIO technique. Data analysis was performed on MedCalc and R software. Results Eighteen studies were identified relevant to the current context: inversion of UCF tract has been described in 13 and ligation in 5. There were 2 duplications (abstract and manuscript). The overall success for PATIO is 88.2% (314/356). The success rate was variable between classic PATIO (inversion at 87.2%), ligation-inversion at 86.9%, and ligation alone at 88.9%. The success rate was not improvised upon by supplementing inversion of UCF tract with ligation (p = 0.957) or addition of a waterproofing layer (p = 0.622). PATIO has been used for single or multiple UCFs post hypospadias repair, genital piercing, and genitoplasty in cis- or transgender population for UCF up to 5 mm in size. The success rates were best for UCF <2 mm and worst for those approaching 5 mm. The results were, however, unaffected by the location of UCF along the penile shaft. Besides, the use of urethral catheter is optional and may be eliminated with shorter hospitalization. Conclusions PATIO repair may be considered for repair of UCFs (a) with diverse etiologies, (b) located anywhere along the penile shaft included coronal UCF, (c) preferably <4 mm in size, (d) single or multiple in number; multiple PATIOs may be done in the same setting, (e) in patients unwilling for prolonged hospitalization, (f) in patients unwilling for a urethral catheter, and (g) in hypospadias cripples wherein mobilization of distant tissues such as tunica vaginalis flap or a buccal mucosal graft may be required for supplementing the UCF repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prativa Choudhury
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Shivani Phugat
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vishesh Jain
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Devendra Kumar Yadav
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Anjan Kumar Dhua
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vivek Verma
- Department of Biostatistics, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India
| | - Ajay Verma
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sachit Anand
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sanchita Singh
- Department of Health Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Prabudh Goel
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Sehgal M, Jain V, Agarwala S, Dhua A, Goel P, Yadav DK, Bakhshi S, Kalaivani M. Anthropometric Outcomes in Survivors of Pediatric Solid Tumors. Nutr Cancer 2023; 75:1795-1802. [PMID: 37545131 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2023.2242104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Nutritional status is an important aspect of childhood cancer, with a bearing on the disease and subsequent survivorship. We sought to evaluate the long-term anthropometric outcomes in a cohort of pediatric solid tumor survivors treated between 1994 and 2016. Anthropometry was noted at the time of presentation, after completion of therapy, and at the last follow-up. The z-scores for weight-for-age, height-for-age, and BMI-for-age were calculated using WHO growth charts for ages <5 years and the Indian Academy of Pediatrics growth charts for age >/= 5 years. BMI was calculated for adult survivors. We included 317 survivors, comprising 48, 81, and 188 survivors of Hepatoblastoma (HB), Malignant Germ cell Tumor (MGCT), and Wilms Tumor (WT) respectively. The median age at diagnosis was 24.5 (IQR 59-13.2) months, with a follow-up ranging from 5 to 19.54 years. The z-scores of the collective cohort and individual cohorts of HB, MGCT, and WT showed an improving trend from diagnosis to the last follow-up. The difference in the prevalence of malnutrition was found to be statistically significant when any two-time points were compared. Of the 28 adult survivors, 43% were noted to be underweight. Thus, anthropometric measures improve during follow-up, however, up to 15% of children persist in being malnourished.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehak Sehgal
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vishesh Jain
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sandeep Agarwala
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Anjan Dhua
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Prabudh Goel
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Devendra Kumar Yadav
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sameer Bakhshi
- Department of Medical Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Mani Kalaivani
- Department of Biostatistics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Choudhury P, Saroya KK, Jain V, Yadav DK, Dhua AK, Anand S, Mawar S, Verma V, Kapahtia S, Acharya SK, Shah R, Bajpai M, Goel P. 'Waterproofing layers' for urethrocutaneous fistula repair after hypospadias surgery: evidence synthesis with systematic review and meta-analysis. Pediatr Surg Int 2023; 39:165. [PMID: 37010625 DOI: 10.1007/s00383-023-05405-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To summarize the available evidence and to quantitatively evaluate the global results of different waterproofing layers in substantiating the UCF repair. MATERIAL AND METHODS After defining the study protocol, the review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines by a team comprising experts in hypospadiology, systematic reviews and meta-analysis, epidemiology, biostatistics and data science. Studies published from 2000 onwards, reporting on the results of UCF closure after hypospadias repair were searched for on PUBMED, Embase and Google Scholar. Study quality was assessed using Joanna Briggs Checklist (JBI) critical appraisal tool. The results with different techniques were compared with the two samples independent proportions test with the help of Microsoft Excel, MedCalc software and an online calculator. RESULTS Seventy-three studies were shortlisted for the synthesis; the final analysis included 2886 patients (71 studies) with UCF repair failure in 539. A summary of various dimensions involved with the UCF repair has been generated including time gap after last surgery, stent-vs-no stent, supra-pubic catheterization, suture material, suturing technique, associated anomalies, complications, etc. The success rates associated with different techniques were calculated and compared: simple catheterization (100%), simple primary closure (73.2%), dartos (78.8%), double dartos flaps (81%), scrotal flaps (94.6%), tunica vaginalis (94.3%), PATIO repair (93.5%), biomaterials or dermal substitutes (92%), biocompatible adhesives (56.5%) and skin-based flaps (54.5%). Several techniques were identified as solitary publications and discussed. CONCLUSIONS Tunica vaginalis and scrotal flaps offer the best results after UCF closure in the synthesis. However, it is not possible to label any technique as ideal or perfect. Almost all popular waterproofing layers have depicted absolute (100%) success sometimes. There are a vast number of other factors (patient's local anatomy, surgeon's expertise and technical perspectives) which influence the final outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prativa Choudhury
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Komal Kaur Saroya
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vishesh Jain
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Devendra Kumar Yadav
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Anjan Kumar Dhua
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sachit Anand
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Shashi Mawar
- College of Nursing, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Siddharth Kapahtia
- Division of Non-Communicable Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Rasik Shah
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, SRCC Children's Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - Minu Bajpai
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Prabudh Goel
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Jain V, Krishnan N, Agarwala S, Bishoi AK, Dhua A, Bakhshi S, Chauhan S, Biswas A, Srinivas M, Iyer VK, Jana M, Kandasamy D, Yadav DK, Bajpai M. Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Outcomes in Children With Wilms Tumor With Caval Thrombus: A Single Center Experience. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2023; 45:130-136. [PMID: 36031191 DOI: 10.1097/mph.0000000000002510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of our study is to present our experience in the management and outcome of Wilms tumor with intracaval thrombus. MATERIALS AND METHODS All children with Wilms tumor with intracaval thrombus who presented to us from July 2000 to December 2017 were reviewed retrospectively. We evaluated the tumor stage, management, and outcomes in these patients. RESULTS Thirty-four patients were included in the study. The median age of presentation was 48 months (11 to 84 mo). Preoperative chemotherapy was given in 32 (94%), with a median duration of 8 weeks. Intracaval thrombus completely resolved in 9 (26%) children after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Surgical intervention for residual inferior vena cava (IVC) thrombus was performed in 32 patients. The median follow-up was 30 months (5 to 150 mo). At the last follow-up, 24 patients (70%) were alive and disease free. The 5-year overall survival (OS) and event-free survival were 67% (95% confidence interval, 50% to 84%) and 59% (95% confidence interval, 42% to 76%). The OS in children with nonmetastatic disease (94%) was significantly higher than those with metastases (29%; P <0.01). The OS in children with complete resolution of IVC thrombus (100%) was significantly higher than those with persistent thrombus (48%; P =0.025). Analysis of survival outcomes in children with nonmetastatic disease (stage III) revealed no significant difference on comparison with cohort with stage III disease with absence of IVC thrombus. The P -value was 0.224 and 0.53 for 5-year OS and event-free survival, respectively. CONCLUSION The management of Wilms tumor can be complicated by the presence of caval thrombus. Patients with metastasis have a significantly poor outcome. Patients in whom, there is complete resolution of intracaval thrombus on neoadjuvant chemotherapy have a significantly higher OS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ahitagni Biswas
- Department of Radiotherapy, Dr. B.R.A Institute-Rotary Cancer Hospital
| | | | | | - Manisha Jana
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Mahajan D, Goel P, Jain V, Dhua AK, Yadav DK, Verma A, Sharma A, Gupta S, Chaturvedi PK, Kalaivani M, Agarwala S, Bajpai M. Role of Procalcitonin as a Biomarker in Early Identification of Adverse Events Following Esophageal Atresia Surgery. J Indian Assoc Pediatr Surg 2023; 28:93-102. [PMID: 37197237 PMCID: PMC10185041 DOI: 10.4103/jiaps.jiaps_156_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Surgical complication following esophageal atresia repair is one of the several factors known to influence the final outcomes. Early identification of such complications may help in timely institution of therapeutic measures and translate into improved prognosis. Objective The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of procalcitonin in early prediction of the adverse events after surgery in patients of esophageal atresia and the temporal relationship with clinical manifestations and other inflammatory biomarkers such as C-reactive protein (CRP). Materials and Methods This was a prospective study on consecutive patients of esophageal atresia (n = 23). Serum procalcitonin and CRP levels were assessed at baseline (prior to surgery) and on postoperative days (POD) 1, 3, 5, 7, and 14. The trends in the biomarker values and temporal relationships of deviation in trend with the clinical and conventional laboratory parameters and patient outcomes were analyzed. Results Baseline serum procalcitonin was elevated (n = 23; 1.7 ng/ml: min: 0.07 ng/ml-max: 24.36 ng/ml) in 18/23 (78.3%) patients. Procalcitonin nearly doubled on POD-1 (n = 22; 3.28 ng/ml: min: 0.64 ng/ml-max: 16.51 ng/ml) followed by a gradual decline. CRP was also elevated on POD-1 (three times the baseline) and depicted a delayed peak at POD-3. POD-1 procalcitonin and CRP levels correlated with survival. POD-1 procalcitonin cutoff at 3.28 ng/ml predicted mortality with a sensitivity and specificity of 100% and 57.9% (P = 0.05). Serum procalcitonin and CRP were higher for patients who sustained complications, so was the time required for hemodynamic stabilization. Procalcitonin (baseline and POD-5) and CRP (POD-3 and POD-5) values correlated with the clinical course after surgery. Baseline procalcitonin cutoff at 2.91 ng/ml predicted the possibility of a major complication with a sensitivity of 71.4% and a specificity of 93.3%. POD-5 procalcitonin cutoff at 1.38 ng/ml predicted the possibility of a major complication with a sensitivity of 83.3% and a specificity of 93.3%. Patients who sustained major complications depicted a change in serum procalcitonin trend 24-48 h ahead of clinical manifestation of an adverse event. Conclusions Procalcitonin is a good indicator to identify the adverse events in neonates after surgery for esophageal atresia. The procalcitonin levels in patients who sustained a major complication depicted a reversal in trend 24-48 h of clinical manifestation. POD-1 procalcitonin correlated with survival while the baseline and POD-5 serum procalcitonin predicted the clinical course.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dhruv Mahajan
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Prabudh Goel
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vishesh Jain
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Anjan Kumar Dhua
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Devendra Kumar Yadav
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ajay Verma
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashok Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Surabhi Gupta
- Department of Reproductive Biology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Mani Kalaivani
- Department of Biostatistics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sandeep Agarwala
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Minu Bajpai
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Khurana A, Garg S, Ravindra SG, Kumar Yadav D, Jain V, Bajpai M, Agarwala S, Bal C, Kumar R. Multi-time point imaging in 99m Tc-pertechnetate scintigraphy of ectopic gastric mucosa in duplication cysts: value-added services. Nucl Med Commun 2023; 44:12-17. [PMID: 36378619 DOI: 10.1097/mnm.0000000000001629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of our study was to describe the scintigraphic patterns of 99m Tc-pertechnetate uptake in patients who were referred to the department of nuclear medicine for evaluating and diagnosing ectopic gastric mucosa in foregut and midgut duplication cysts. MATERIALS AND METHODS This hospital-based, retrospective cum prospective research spans a period of 8 years from April 2014 to January 2022. Previous hospital medical records were analyzed and subsequently, a database was prepared which included the age, sex, clinical indication of a 99m Tc-pertechnetate scan, and the planar and SPECT-computed tomography (CT) imaging findings. Postoperative histopathological reports were available for 21 patients. Dynamic and planar static imaging was performed. We included SPECT-CT in suspected duplication cysts to increase the sensitivity and specificity which is a tradeoff for a small amount of additional radiation exposure. A total of 69 patients were subjected to a 99m Tc-pertechnetate scan for suspected foregut or midgut duplication cysts. All were subjected to dynamic planar and delayed static images up to 24 h or until focal uptake of radiotracer was noted which corroborated the anatomical findings, whichever was earlier. SPECT-CT was performed along with the planar study in 31 patients which confirmed the findings. Previously performed CT scans were used for anatomical correlation in the remaining ones. RESULTS Duplication cysts were localized in a total of 28 patients (19 foregut duplication cysts and 12 small bowel duplications - 3 patients had dual duplication cysts, both foregut, and midgut). Forty-one patients had no scintigraphic evidence of ectopic gastric mucosa. Of these 69 patients, histopathological diagnosis was available for 21 patients (22 lesions). The report was concordant with the scan findings in 15 patients (16 lesions) and 6 patients showed discordance in histopathological diagnosis and scan findings. CONCLUSION In conclusion, multi-time point imaging is the key to diagnosing ectopic gastric mucosa of various sizes and in various locations. An abnormal radiotracer uptake in dynamic sequences, even before the appearance of the stomach in the region of the small bowel is indicative of intestinal duplication, and delayed radiotracer visualization in the region of the thorax is characteristic of intrathoracic foregut duplication cyst.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Vishesh Jain
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - Minu Bajpai
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Dhua AK, Garg M, Mishra AK, Goel P, Jain V, Yadav DK. A Bibliometric Study of the Pediatric Inguinal Hernia Publication Landscape from the Web of Science Database. J Indian Assoc Pediatr Surg 2022; 27:689-698. [PMID: 36714482 PMCID: PMC9878508 DOI: 10.4103/jiaps.jiaps_27_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The number of times a research work gets cited by another article is one of the article-level metrics for assessing the quality of a research publication. Citation analysis by bibliometric review has been performed in several disciplines. The current study was aimed to systematically review the literature available on pediatric inguinal hernia since 1960 in terms of the 25 most cited articles in this field and analyze the bibliometric variables author and organizational collaborative patterns. Methods Thomson Reuters Web of Science citation indexing database and research platform were used to retrieve the most cited articles in pediatric inguinal hernia (PIH) using appropriate search strings. The characteristics (name of authors, the total number of authors, the title of publication, journal of publication, year of publication, etc.) of the 25 top-cited articles were recorded. Specific bibliographical parameters were derived and analyzed. Visualization maps were generated using VOSviewer software. Results The analysis revealed that the Journal of Pediatric Surgery was leading the choice of journal for publication. While most of the publications originated from the United States of America, Schier was the most influential author. Five of the eight top-productive authors are also the most connected. Conclusion Articles on laparoscopic repair in PIH have been heavily cited. Following the United States of America, Turkey stands out as the topmost productive country in PIH. The publications on PIH show that "collaboration" is the bridging force between productivity and influence on the academic community.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anjan Kumar Dhua
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Mohit Garg
- Central Library, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India
| | | | - Prabudh Goel
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Vishesh Jain
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Devendra Kumar Yadav
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Dhua AK, Anand S, Goel P, Yadav DK, Jain V, Verma A. Publication landscape of Posterior urethral valve- A scientometric study. J Pediatr Urol 2022; 18:650-660. [PMID: 36167650 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2022.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED To assess the global research landscape in the field of Posterior urethral valve (PUV), a scientometric study was conducted to determine the quantity and quality of the research output and get insight into the key research areas and pattern of collaboration in the research community. METHODS Primary data was acquired from the Scopus® database. Various parameters like the total research productivity, citations, citations per publication, citations per year, citations per publication per year, the scientific output of countries, institutions, authors, and journals were calculated. Key research areas were inferred by examining the top-cited articles (citations >150). Collaborative maps were generated by calculating co-authorship links amongst countries and authors using VOSviewer software. RESULTS One thousand seven hundred fourteen results were found published from 1913 to 2019, receiving a total of 27,253 citations, authored by 5138 authors from 125 countries. The top three countries were the United States of America (USA), India, and the United Kingdom (UK). The leading institutes were the Children's Hospital Boston, USA (n = 48), All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS, Delhi), India (n = 38), and Great Ormond Street Hospital, UK (n- = 27). The journals which published the most articles on PUV were the Journal of Urology (n = 278), Journal of Pediatric Urology (n = 121), followed by Urology (n = 86). Leading authors were Glassberg, K. L and Bajpai M (n = 17, each), Canning DA & Kajbafzadeh, AM (n = 16, each), followed by Peters CA with 14 manuscripts. The top-cited documents (n = 10) received 2104 citations and were published between 1986 and 2010. The key areas of interest found were "long-term outcomes" (n = 4) and "fetal surgery" (n = 2). The most productive countries were also the most collaborative countries (the USA and UK). CONCLUSION In the research landscape of PUV, the USA, Children's Hospital Boston, and Glassberg, K. L, along with Bajpai, M were the top contributors in terms of the country, organization, and authors, respectively. The "Journal of Urology" and "Pediatric Nephrology" stands out in terms of bibliometric parameters considered. The hotspot topics based on the number of citations received were "long-term outcomes" and "fetal surgery" in PUV. The most productive countries were also the most collaborative countries (the USA and UK).
Collapse
|
17
|
Khurana A, Ravindra SG, Garg S, Jaleel J, Yadav DK, Kumar R. Lower Gastrointestinal Bleed Playing Hide and Seek. Indian J Nucl Med 2022; 37:404-405. [PMID: 36817191 PMCID: PMC9930449 DOI: 10.4103/ijnm.ijnm_127_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
A 13-year-old adolescent male presented with an episode of rectal bleed. He has had five such episodes in the past year where he witnessed black tarry stools mixed with fresh blood, painless, not associated with fever or hematemesis. Clinical examination revealed pallor and a soft, non-tender abdomen. Vitals were stable. Blood investigations revealed haemoglobin of 102g/L, WBC count of 10 X 109/L and platelet count of 165 × 109/L. The clotting screen was normal. Upper GI endoscopy and colonoscopy revealed no abnormality. The patient underwent Tc-99m pertechnetate scintigraphy to look for Meckel's Diverticulum in view of painless lower GI bleed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Khurana
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Shubha Gadde Ravindra
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sumit Garg
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Jasim Jaleel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Devendra Kumar Yadav
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Sehgal M, Jain D, Goel P, Jain V, Yadav DK, Verma V, Dhua AK. An Exploratory Study on Pediatric Inguinal Hernia Videos on the YouTube Platform. J Indian Assoc Pediatr Surg 2022; 27:588-593. [PMID: 36530818 PMCID: PMC9757786 DOI: 10.4103/jiaps.jiaps_240_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM A study was conducted to explore the characteristics of the videos on pediatric inguinal hernia repair on YouTube and compare the most popular videos (MPV) with the least popular ones in terms of educative value vis-a-vis their popularity. MATERIALS AND METHODS The term "Pediatric inguinal hernia repair" was searched for on YouTube on August 15, 2021, with the filter set to "view rate." Pertinent data were collected from the 50 MPV and the 50 least popular videos (LPV) and then compared. The h-index and affiliation of the surgeon were obtained from the Scopus database, and their affiliation was further categorized as academic or nonacademic. RESULTS One hundred and seventy-five videos were found with median views of MPV: LPV being 9270 (interquartile range [IQR] - 12099):127 (IQR - 194), respectively (P < 0.0001). Most of the videos in the MPV and LPV groups were uploaded from the United States of America (USA) (MPV - 17 and LPV - 13) and India (MPV - 15 and LPV - 15). The MPV were on YouTube for a median duration of 3.1 (IQR - 5.5) years as compared to 1.2 (IQR - 2.3) years for the LPV (P < 0.0001). Ninety-two surgeons were identified. The median h-index of the surgeons of MPV was 3 (IQR - 12) in comparison to 1 (IQR - 10) of LPV (P = 0.13). The ratio of academic versus nonacademic affiliation among MPV and LPV was almost equal in both the groups. CONCLUSIONS On either end of the spectrum of popularity, the majority of the pediatric inguinal hernia videos on YouTube were surgical videos uploaded from the USA and India. The educative value of these videos was found to be low and widely dispersed. Surgeons from both academic and nonacademic affiliations had contributed similarly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehak Sehgal
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Divya Jain
- Department of Ophthalmology, PostGraduate Institute of Child Health, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Prabudh Goel
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vishesh Jain
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Devendra Kumar Yadav
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vivek Verma
- Department of Statistics, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India
| | - Anjan Kumar Dhua
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Sharma K, Dhua AK, Kandasamy D, Yadav DK, Goel P, Bajpai M. Post Congenital Pulmonary Airway Malformation Excision Thymic Growth: An Unusual Postoperative Sequel. J Indian Assoc Pediatr Surg 2022; 27:657-658. [PMID: 36530830 PMCID: PMC9757782 DOI: 10.4103/jiaps.jiaps_10_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kanika Sharma
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Anjan Kumar Dhua
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Devendra Kumar Yadav
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Prabudh Goel
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Minu Bajpai
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Anand S, Singh A, Krishnan N, Yadav DK. Whether prophylactic intraoperative chest drain insertion in esophageal atresia-tracheoesophageal fistula is an evidence-based practice or just a prejudice: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Pediatr Surg 2022; 57:1554-1560. [PMID: 34284871 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2021.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Various controversial practices in the management of Esophageal atresia-tracheoesophageal fistula (EA-TEF) can be noticed among pediatric surgeons. Routine intraoperative chest drain (IOCD) insertion is often debated and lacks any concrete evidence. This meta-analysis aims to compare the postoperative outcomes among newborns with and without IOCD insertion. METHODS The authors searched EMBASE, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science on 30th April 2021. The requirement for chest drain in the postoperative period (POCD), anastomotic leak (and/or pneumothorax), mortality rate, and revisit(s) to the operation room (RVOR) were compared among two groups of newborns, i.e. groups A and B with and without IOCD insertion respectively. The statistical analysis was performed using a fixed-effects model. The pooled risk ratio (RR) and heterogeneity (I2) were calculated. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed utilizing the Downs and Black scale. RESULTS A total of 498 newborns were included in the present analysis. As compared to group B, newborns within group A showed no significant difference in the requirement for POCD (RR 2.47; 95% CI 0.88-6.98, p = 0.09), the occurrence of anastomotic leak and/or pneumothorax (RR 1.35; 95% CI 0.89-2.06, p = 0.16), and mortality rate (RR 2.24; 95% CI 0.81-6.26, p = 0.12). However, RVOR was significantly higher in group A (RR 1.75; 95% CI 1.07-2.87, p = 0.03). All included studies had a moderate risk of bias. CONCLUSIONS The present meta-analysis revealed no additional benefit of prophylactic IOCD insertion. However, due to moderate risk of bias, further studies need to be conducted for an optimal comparison between the two groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sachit Anand
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospitals, Mumbai, India.
| | - Apoorv Singh
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Nellai Krishnan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Devendra Kumar Yadav
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Prasad G, Mukherjee S, Yadav DK, Bajpai M. Paediatric thoracic wall lipoblastoma in a 7-year old: a rare tumour of childhood. BMJ Case Rep 2022; 15:e245345. [PMID: 35131775 PMCID: PMC8823034 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2021-245345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipoblastoma is a rare benign mesenchymal tumour derived from embryonic white fat tissue. Lipoblastoma generally occurs in children less than 3 years of age, and fewer than 200 cases have been reported in the English literature. There are hardly a dozen reports describing intrathoracic and thoracic involvement. We report a case of a 7-year-old boy who presented with a slowly growing right thoracic wall mass for a duration of 1 year. Radiological investigations (ultrasonography and contrast-enhanced CT of the chest showed the presence of a fat-containing, low density extrapulmonary soft tissue mass) could not confirm the diagnosis, and repeat biopsies also were not conclusive. The mass was excised and histopathology confirmed it as lipoblastoma. A review of literature pertaining to the clinical presentation, radiological features and histopathology of this rare condition has been discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Prasad
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Sampreeti Mukherjee
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Devendra Kumar Yadav
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Minu Bajpai
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Nandan R, Jain V, Agarwala S, Das P, Goel P, Kalaivani M, Yadav DK. Evaluation of Interstitial Cells of Cajal-Like Cells at the Pelviureteric Junction in Children with Pelviureteric Junction Obstruction: A Prospective Study and Review of Literature. J Indian Assoc Pediatr Surg 2022; 27:395-401. [PMID: 36238340 PMCID: PMC9552655 DOI: 10.4103/jiaps.jiaps_103_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The etiopathogenesis of pelviureteric junction obstruction (PUJO) has been debated. Recently, the role of interstitial cells of Cajal-like cells (ICC-LC)has been studied and reported to be the cause of this functional obstruction. We studied the histopathology and ICC-LC density at PUJ and compared it with that of PUJ of the control group and distal ureteric margin of the study group. METHODS A prospective study was conducted which included PUJO patients in the study group and the renal tumor patients in the control group. Histopathological examination (muscle hypertrophy and fibrosis) and immunohistochemistry (ICC-LC density) were done. The muscle hypertrophy, fibrosis, and ICC-LC density at the PUJ in both the groups were compared. A similar comparison was performed between the findings at the PUJ and the distal margin in the study group. RESULTS The study and control groups included 37 PUJO patients and 13 Wilms tumor patients. The ICC-LC density at PUJ in the study group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.001) and that at the distal resected margin of the study group (P < 0.001). Significantly increased muscle hypertrophy (P < 0.001) and fibrosis (P = 0.002) were seen at PUJ in the study group compared to the control group. No significant association was noted between the ICC-LC density and muscle hypertrophy at PUJ and the distal resected margin in the study group. CONCLUSION A significant decrease in the density of ICC-LC and increased fibrosis and muscle hypertrophy at PUJ in children with PUJO play a role in the etiopathogenesis of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruchira Nandan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vishesh Jain
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India,Address for correspondence: Dr. Vishesh Jain, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Room Number-4002, Teaching Block, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi - 110 029, India. E-mail:
| | - Sandeep Agarwala
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Prasenjit Das
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Prabudh Goel
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Mani Kalaivani
- Department of Biostatistics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Devendra Kumar Yadav
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Anand S, Dhua AK, Singh A, Subramonian NK, Verma A, Jain V, Yadav DK, Mitra A, Agarwala S, Goel P, Bajpai M. Electronic Medical Record System-Based Teleconsultations in Pediatric Surgery: An Initiative from a Tertiary Care Public-Funded Hospital in North India to Alleviate the COVID-19 Imposed Hospital Visit Restrictions. J Indian Assoc Pediatr Surg 2022; 27:180-184. [PMID: 35937109 PMCID: PMC9350649 DOI: 10.4103/jiaps.jiaps_360_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There has been a dramatic effect of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic on the daily health-care services. The era of physical consultations is slowly being replaced with teleconsultation, and this current pandemic has tipped the scales further. This study highlights the preliminary experience in providing teleconsultation to pediatric surgical patients at a tertiary care hospital in north India. Materials and Methods A retrospective analysis of the electronic medical record system records of the patients undergoing teleconsultation at the authors' department between the June 26, 2020 and the September 26, 2020 was performed. The data were categorized on the basis of the type of consultation (urgent, semi-urgent, or routine) and the type of intervention. A comparison with the data from the corresponding months of 2019 was also performed. Results A total of 261 teleconsultations were conducted during the study period, with a success rate of 69% (181/261). Of these, 96% (171/178) were follow-up patients and 56% (99/178) presented with genitourinary complaints. After triaging, only 10% (18/178) of the patients required urgent medical/surgical attention. Conclusion In the current as well as postpandemic phase, teleconsultation can act as a potent triaging tool and can help in better utilization of resources alongside helping in the maintenance of social distancing by decreasing the number of physical visits to the hospital.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sachit Anand
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Anjan Kumar Dhua
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Apoorv Singh
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India
| | | | - Ajay Verma
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Vishesh Jain
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Devendra Kumar Yadav
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Aparajita Mitra
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Sandeep Agarwala
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Prabudh Goel
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India,Address for correspondence: Dr. Prabudh Goel, Room No 4002, Department of Paediatric Surgery, Teaching Block, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, Delhi - 110 029, India. E-mail:
| | - Minu Bajpai
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Singh TR, Goel P, Bajpai M, Kandasamy D, Malik R, Yadav R, Prakash S, Mani K, Tripathi M, Yadav DK, Dhua AK, Jain V, Agarwala S. Serum Matrix Metalloproteinase 7 as a Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarker for Extrahepatic Biliary Atresia. J Indian Assoc Pediatr Surg 2022; 27:227-235. [PMID: 35937114 PMCID: PMC9350654 DOI: 10.4103/jiaps.jiaps_389_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Differentiation of neonatal cholestasis into neonatal hepatitis (NH) and extrahepatic biliary atresia (EHBA) is essential to formulate the treatment plan; promptness is indispensable for optimal outcomes. The clinical and nonoperative algorithms lack precision; the gold standard investigations (liver biopsy or per-operative cholangiogram) are invasive. There is a need for a noninvasive test which is both, sensitive and specific and has a high likelihood ratio. Aim To study the (diagnostic) role of matrix metalloproteinase 7 (MMP-7) as a serum biomarker to differentiate between EHBA and NH and evaluate the prognostic significance in EHBA based on its correlation with liver histopathology and serological predictors of liver fibrosis - Aspartate-to-Platelet Ratio Index (APRI) and Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4). Materials and Methods This was a prospective study conducted upon patients of neonatal cholestasis presenting with acholic stools (n = 46) with equal number of controls (n = 45) with no liver pathology. Observational parametric included disease-specific workup and serum MMP-7 levels (all participants); liver biopsyl and APRI-FIB-4 (EHBA). Results (Diagnostic) Serum MMP-7 levels were significantly elevated in EHBA (n = 25; 28 ng/mL) as compared to those in NH (n = 21; 1.88 ng/mL) and normal infants (n = 45; 1.2 ng/mL) (P < 0.001 for both). Serum cutoff at 4.99 ng/mL differentiated EHBA-NH with a high sensitivity (96%), specificity (90.5%), and a negative predictive value (95%), with the number needed to misdiagnose being 23. (Prognostic) Inflammatory activity and fibrosis-stage on liver histopathology (METAVIR-and-Ishak scores) correlated with MMP-7 levels. APRI and FIB-4 scores also depicted a strong correlation with each other, age of the patient, and liver fibrosis. Conclusions MMP-7 has a diagnostic value in differentiating EHBA from NH and may also be used as a prognostic biomarker in the follow-up of these patients. MMP-7 levels in controls may be used as a baseline for future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teg Rabab Singh
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medicine Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Prabudh Goel
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medicine Sciences, New Delhi, India,Address for correspondence: Dr. Prabudh Goel, Room No. 4002, 4th Floor, Teaching Block, Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi - 110 029, India. E-mail:
| | - Minu Bajpai
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medicine Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Rohan Malik
- Department of Paediatrics, All India Institute of Medicine Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rajni Yadav
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medicine Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Shyam Prakash
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medicine Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Kalaivani Mani
- Department of Biostatistics, All India Institute of Medicine Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Madhavi Tripathi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, All India Institute of Medicine Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Devendra Kumar Yadav
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medicine Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Anjan Kumar Dhua
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medicine Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vishesh Jain
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medicine Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sandeep Agarwala
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medicine Sciences, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Nandan R, Sharma S, Bajpai M, Jain V, Goel P, Yadav DK. Pediatric Neuroblastoma - Impact of Nutritional Status on Complications and Outcomes. J Indian Assoc Pediatr Surg 2022; 27:209-215. [PMID: 35937127 PMCID: PMC9350642 DOI: 10.4103/jiaps.jiaps_375_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim is to study the impact of nutritional status on outcomes and treatment-related complications in patients of neuroblastoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS Anthropometry (height, weight, weight for height [in <5 years], mid-arm circumference [MAC] [in <5 years], and body mass index [BMI]), hemoglobin level, and serum albumin level were recorded. RESULTS Twenty-four neuroblastoma patients, 16 males and 8 females, with a mean age of 42.7 months were treated and followed up over a period of 0.03-170 months. Of 24 patients, 16 survived (complete response - 9, partial response - 2, no response - 2, progressive disease - 3). Height <2 standard deviation [SD] was seen in 12.5% (3/24). Mortality and complications were found in 66.7% (2/3) and 100% (3/3), respectively. Weight <2SD was seen in 37.5% (9/24). Mortality and complications were found in 33.3% (3/9) and 67% (6/9), respectively. Weight for height <2 SD was seen in 35% (7/20). Mortality and complications were found in 42.9% (3/7) and 71.4% (5/7), respectively. MAC <2 SD was seen in 15.8% (3/19). Mortality and complications were found in 66.7% (2/3) and 66.7% (2/3). BMI <2SD was seen in 29.2% (7/24). Mortality and complications were found in 42.8% (3/7) and 28.6% (2/7). Anemia was seen in 62.5% (15/24), of which nine survived. Complications were seen in 58.3% (14/24) (P = 0.001). Hypoproteinemia was seen in 20.8% (5/24). Mortality and complications were 40% (2/5) and 80% (4/5). CONCLUSION Neuroblastoma has poor outcome in Indian children, and there does not appear to be a major role played by nutrition in determining the response to treatment and survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruchira Nandan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Shilpa Sharma
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Minu Bajpai
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vishesh Jain
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Prabudh Goel
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Devendra Kumar Yadav
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India,Address for correspondence: Dr. Devendra Kumar Yadav, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Teaching Block, 4th Floor, Room No: 4002, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India. E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Nandan R, Dhua AK, Yadav DK, Jain V, Goel P. Delayed Presentation of Jejunal Atresia with Multiple Enteric Fistula: A Case Report and Review of Literature. J Indian Assoc Pediatr Surg 2022; 27:345-347. [PMID: 35733595 PMCID: PMC9208680 DOI: 10.4103/jiaps.jiaps_17_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A 6-month-old boy presented with features of intestinal obstruction. Laparotomy revealed Type IIIa jejunal atresia. The proximal and distal bowel loops were in continuity through multiple fistulae between the adjoining bowel loops. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first report of congenital Type IIIa intestinal atresia surviving beyond the neonatal age without surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruchira Nandan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Anjan Kumar Dhua
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Devendra Kumar Yadav
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India,Address for correspondence: Dr. Devendra Kumar Yadav, Room No-4002, Teaching Block, Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India. E-mail:
| | - Vishesh Jain
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Prabudh Goel
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Sehgal M, Yadav DK, Kandasamy D, Bajpai M, Jain V, Dhua AK, Goel P. Choledochal Cyst of the Cystic Duct - A Supplement to Todani's Classification. J Indian Assoc Pediatr Surg 2021; 26:432-435. [PMID: 34912142 PMCID: PMC8637973 DOI: 10.4103/jiaps.jiaps_139_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Choledochal cyst of the cystic duct is a rare anomaly; broadly classified, the pathology may either present as a solitary anomaly or with concomitant involvement of other parts of the biliary tree. In the absence of standard guidelines for surgical planning, the definitive management is based on the experience shared in the literature in the form of case reports and case series. The available options should be discussed with the patient while explaining the possible short- and long-term complications. The authors herewith present two cases of choledochal cyst of the cystic duct along with a review of literature relevant to their etiopathogenesis and its implications for the definitive management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehak Sehgal
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Devendra Kumar Yadav
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Minu Bajpai
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vishesh Jain
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Anjan Kumar Dhua
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Prabudh Goel
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Singh A, Anand S, Goel P, Yadav DK, Bajpai M. Can sealing promote healing?: A systematic review and meta-analysis highlighting the adjunctive role of tissue sealant application during urethroplasty for hypospadias. J Pediatr Urol 2021; 17:805-812. [PMID: 34417129 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2021.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A significant proportion of children require multiple surgeries for successful repair of hypospadias. This is not only a source of a financial burden to the family but also causes long-term social and psychosexual issues. Tissue sealant application can provide additional coverage to the suture line and subsequently prevents operative failure. However, a consensus statement regarding its usage during urethroplasty is lacking. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to compare the outcomes of hypospadias surgery, in terms of its complications, in children with and without tissue sealant application. METHOD The authors systematically searched the databases PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and Scopus through September 2020. The occurrence of overall complications, and specific complications (including urethrocutaneous fistula, wound-related complications, flap-related complications, complications involving the neo-urethral tube and meatal stenosis) were the primary and secondary outcomes, respectively. Statistical analysis was performed using a random-effects model, and pooled risk ratio (RR) and heterogeneity (I2) were calculated. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed utilizing the Downs and Black scale. RESULT Four comparative studies were included in the meta-analysis. The different types of tissue sealants such as fibrin glue, cyanoacrylate glue, BioGlue and cryocalcium glue were used in these studies. As compared to without sealant application, hypospadias repair performed with sealant application showed no significant difference in the incidence of overall postoperative complications (RR 0.63; 95% CI 0.34-1.14, p = 0.13). However, a significant reduction in some specific complications including urethrocutaneous fistula (RR 0.37; 95% CI 0.19-0.72, p = 0.003), wound-related complications (RR 0.57; 95% CI 0.38-0.86, p = 0.008) and complications involving the neo-urethra (RR 0.15; 95% CI 0.04-0.54, p = 0.004) was observed with sealant usage. The average Downs and Black scale scores ranged from 16 to 18, with all studies having a moderate risk of bias. Kappa statistics showed a value of 0.962 (p < 0.001), highlighting an almost perfect agreement among the two observers. CONCLUSION The present meta-analysis revealed no additional benefit of the repair of hypospadias performed with tissue sealants as compared to without sealants in terms of reducing the overall postoperative complications. However, a significant reduction in the occurrence of some specific complications, including UCF, wound-related complications and complications involving the neourethra was observed with sealant application. The level of evidence of the published comparative studies is limited. Therefore, further studies need to be conducted for optimal comparison between the sealant and no sealant (or placebo), and different types of sealants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Apoorv Singh
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, AIIMS, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Sachit Anand
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital, Mumbai, 400053, India.
| | - Prabudh Goel
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, AIIMS, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | | | - Minu Bajpai
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, AIIMS, New Delhi, 110029, India
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Anand S, Rahman RA, Jadhav S, Goel P, Jain V, Yadav DK, Dhua AK. Quality Assessment of YouTube Videos on Laparoscopic Pyloromyotomy Using a Validated Tool: An Appeal to Trainees to Follow the Peer-Reviewed Videos for Learning Purposes. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A 2021; 32:213-218. [PMID: 34609919 DOI: 10.1089/lap.2021.0450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Surgical trainees often resort to operative videos on the internet during preparation for surgery; YouTube is the most commonly explored video source by them. However, the quality of these videos is often questioned. This study was performed to assess the quality of available YouTube videos on laparoscopic pyloromyotomy (LP). Materials and Methods: The term "laparoscopic pyloromyotomy" was searched on YouTube on June 2, 2021, and 20 most-viewed videos on LP were included. A reference video on LP from WebSurg was also selected. The laparoscopic surgery video educational guidelines (LAP-VEGaS) tool was utilized for quality assessment of these videos. Descriptive variables, including the surgeon's details; year of video upload; duration of the video; view, like, and dislike counts; number of ports used; and instruments used for pyloromyotomy, were recorded and their relationship with video quality was studied. Results: The majority of videos were from the United States and India, and a surgeon could be identified in 90% of them. The median (range) video duration and view, like, and dislike counts were 2.89 (0.68-8.80) minutes, 2308 (1102-23,682), 5 (0-59), and 0 (0-11), respectively. The LAP-VEGaS score of the reference video was 17. In contrast, the scores of YouTube videos ranged from 1 to 14. The quality of these videos was poor in 5/9 domains. None of the descriptive variables showed a significant association with high video quality. Conclusion: Compared with the reference video, the overall quality of YouTube videos on LP was poor. Therefore, until a screening tool is available for selection of high-quality YouTube videos, trainees must resort to peer-reviewed video platforms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sachit Anand
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital and Medical Research Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Rafey Abdul Rahman
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shishir Jadhav
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Prabudh Goel
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vishesh Jain
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Devendra Kumar Yadav
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Anjan Kumar Dhua
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Singh A, Kainth D, Gaur S, Yadav DK, Anand S. Characteristics of Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis on COVID-19 in the Pediatric Population: A Bibliometric Review With Emphasis on Top 5 Cited Articles. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2021; 60:392-398. [PMID: 34293948 DOI: 10.1177/00099228211034340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Sachit Anand
- Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital and Medical Research Institute, Mumbai, India
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Nandan R, Yadav DK, Goel P, Dhua AK. Rare exstrophy variant with unilateral renal agenesis. BMJ Case Rep 2021; 14:14/7/e244618. [PMID: 34315754 PMCID: PMC8317120 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2021-244618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ruchira Nandan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Devendra Kumar Yadav
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Prabudh Goel
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Anjan Kumar Dhua
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Abstract
Physical layer security (PLS) has evolved to be a pivotal technique in ensuring secure wireless communication. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the recent developments in physical layer secret key generation (PLSKG). The principle, procedure, techniques and performance metricesare investigated for PLSKG between a pair of users (PSKG) and for a group of users (GSKG). In this paper, a detailed comparison of the various parameters and techniques employed in different stages of key generation such as, channel probing, quantisation, encoding, information reconciliation (IR) and privacy amplification (PA) are provided. Apart from this, a comparison of bit disagreement rate, bit generation rate and approximate entropy is also presented. The work identifies PSKG and GSKG schemes which are practically realizable and also provides a discussion on the test bed employed for realising various PLSKG schemes. Moreover, a discussion on the research challenges in the area of PLSKG is also provided for future research.
Collapse
|
33
|
Koju S, Maharjan N, Rajak RR, Yadav DK, Bajracharya D, Ojha B. Assessment of Sexual Dimorphism in Mandibular Ramus: An Orthopanoramic Study. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2021; 19:314-319. [PMID: 36254416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Background Mandible is the largest and strongest bone of the face, is very durable, and hence remains well preserved than many other bones. In cases of mass disasters where an intact skull is not found, the mandible may play a vital role in sex determination as it is the most dimorphic bone of the skull. Morphometric analysis of mandibular ramus provides highly accurate data to discriminate sex. This can be accomplished by the use of panoramic radiography which is widely available and is used routinely to assess the mandibular structures. Objective To evaluate and compare the various parameters of the mandibular ramus and to determine the usefulness of the mandibular ramus as an aid in sex determination. Method Orthopantomograms of 140 samples (70 males and 70 females) were collected from the archives and traced manually on matte acetate tracing paper. Various parameters of mandibular ramus were measured on the right and left sides. The obtained measurements were subjected to discriminant function analysis. Result Mandibular measurements on the right side were greater than on the left side. However, only the ramus breath (minimum and maximum) and projective height of ramus were statistically significant (p < 0.05). All the measurements were higher for males than females. F-statistic values indicated that the highest sexual dimorphism was seen with the projective height of ramus and least with minimum ramus breath. Conclusion Mandibular ramus measurements can be a useful tool for gender determination and can be an essential tool in forensic science especially when there is damaged or partially preserved mandibles and may be helpful for medico-legal purpose in Nepal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Koju
- Department of Oral Pathology, Kantipur Dental College Teaching Hospital and Research Center (KDCH), Basundhara, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - N Maharjan
- Department of Oral Pathology, Kantipur Dental College Teaching Hospital and Research Center (KDCH), Basundhara, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - R Rk Rajak
- Department of Orthodontics, Kantipur Dental College Teaching Hospital and Research Center (KDCH), Basundhara, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - D K Yadav
- Department of Oral Pathology, Kantipur Dental College Teaching Hospital and Research Center (KDCH), Basundhara, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - D Bajracharya
- Department of Oral Pathology, Kantipur Dental College Teaching Hospital and Research Center (KDCH), Basundhara, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - B Ojha
- Department of Oral Pathology, Kantipur Dental College Teaching Hospital and Research Center (KDCH), Basundhara, Kathmandu, Nepal
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Sharma K, Dhua AK, Goel P, Jain V, Yadav DK, Ramteke P. Mucosal Schwann Cell Hamartoma of the Gall Bladder. J Indian Assoc Pediatr Surg 2021; 26:182-183. [PMID: 34321790 PMCID: PMC8286015 DOI: 10.4103/jiaps.jiaps_45_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucosal Schwann cell hamartoma (M-SCH) of the intestinal mucosa is a rare entity and incidental finding in histological examination. Histological characteristics are Schwannonian cell proliferation in lamina propria with S100-positivity. M-SCH-like lesion in the gall bladder is even rarer and is a recently reported entity. We report this extremely rare lesion in a cholecystectomy specimen of a 4-year-old boy, which makes it the youngest patient to be having M-SCH-like lesion in the gall bladder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kanika Sharma
- Department of Paediatric Surgery and Pathology, AIIMS, Delhi, India
| | - Anjan Kumar Dhua
- Department of Paediatric Surgery and Pathology, AIIMS, Delhi, India
| | - Prabudh Goel
- Department of Paediatric Surgery and Pathology, AIIMS, Delhi, India
| | - Vishesh Jain
- Department of Paediatric Surgery and Pathology, AIIMS, Delhi, India
| | | | - Prashant Ramteke
- Department of Paediatric Surgery and Pathology, AIIMS, Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Sehgal M, Anand S, Dhua AK, Yadav DK, Arava S, Barwad A. Rare Paratesticular Masses in Children. J Indian Assoc Pediatr Surg 2021; 26:117-119. [PMID: 34083896 PMCID: PMC8152395 DOI: 10.4103/jiaps.jiaps_182_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Pediatric paratesticular mass is common in pediatric surgical practice, and they could be because of an underlying encysted hydrocele, a teratoma, or an epididymal cyst. Furthermore, a malignant lesion such as rhabdomyosarcoma should be ruled out. Rare entities, such as fibrous hamartoma of infancy and cellular angiofibroma, are rarely encountered. We report two such cases of paratesticular masses with these rare pathologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehak Sehgal
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Sachit Anand
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Anjan Kumar Dhua
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Devendra Kumar Yadav
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Sudheer Arava
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Adarsh Barwad
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Nandan R, Jana M, Yadav DK, Goel P. Cystic biliary atresia with congenital absence of portal vein. BMJ Case Rep 2021; 14:14/1/e239205. [PMID: 33462044 PMCID: PMC7813356 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2020-239205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
A 126-day female child presented with jaundice since day 7 of life. She was icteric and had hepatosplenomegaly. Radiological investigations revealed three extrahepatic and multiple intrahepatic biliary cysts, absent gall bladder and portal vein. These findings were confirmed on laparotomy. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of cystic biliary atresia associated with congenital absence of portal vein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruchira Nandan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Manisha Jana
- Radiodiagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Devendra Kumar Yadav
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Prabudh Goel
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Haripriya GR, Heitmann TW, Yadav DK, Kaphle GC, Ghimire MP, Pradheesh R, Joshi J, Vora P, Sethupathi K, Sankaranarayanan V, Nair HS. Spin reorientation in antiferromagnetic Dy 2FeCoO 6 double perovskite. J Phys Condens Matter 2021; 33:025802. [PMID: 33055379 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/abaeaa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We explored the electronic and magnetic properties of the lanthanide double perovskite Dy2FeCoO6 by combining magnetization, Raman and Mössbauer spectroscopy and neutron diffraction along with density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Our magnetization measurements revealed two magnetic phase transitions in Dy2FeCoO6. First, a paramagnetic to antiferromagnetic transition at T N = 248 K and subsequently, a spin reorientation transition at T SR = 86 K. In addition, a field-induced magnetic phase transition with a critical field of H c ≈ 20 kOe is seen at 2 K. Neutron diffraction data suggested cation-disordered orthorhombic structure for Dy2FeCoO6 in Pnma space group which is supported by Raman scattering results. The magnetic structures ascertained through representational analysis indicate that at T N, a paramagnetic state is transformed to Γ5(Cx, Fy, Az) antiferromagnetic structure while, at T SR, Fe/Co moments undergo a spin reorientation to Γ3(Gx, Ay, Fz). The refined magnetic moment of (Fe/Co) is 1.47(4) μ B at 7 K. The antiferromagnetic structure found experimentally is supported through the DFT calculations which predict an insulating electronic state in Dy2FeCoO6.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G R Haripriya
- Low Temperature Physics Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai-600036, India
| | - T W Heitmann
- University of Missouri Research Reactor, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, United States of America
| | - D K Yadav
- Central Department of Physics, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, 44613 Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - G C Kaphle
- Central Department of Physics, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, 44613 Kathmandu, Nepal
- Condensed Matter Physics Research Center (CMPRC), Butwal-11, Rupandehi, Lumbini, Nepal
| | - Madhav Prasad Ghimire
- Central Department of Physics, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, 44613 Kathmandu, Nepal
- Condensed Matter Physics Research Center (CMPRC), Butwal-11, Rupandehi, Lumbini, Nepal
- IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 20, D-01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - R Pradheesh
- Low Temperature Physics Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai-600036, India
- Racah Institute of Physics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - J Joshi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, United States of America
- Quantum Materials Center, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, United States of America
| | - P Vora
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, United States of America
- Quantum Materials Center, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, United States of America
| | - K Sethupathi
- Low Temperature Physics Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai-600036, India
| | - V Sankaranarayanan
- Low Temperature Physics Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai-600036, India
| | - H S Nair
- Department of Physics, 500 W University Ave, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Dhua AK, Jain D, Goel P, Jain V, Yadav DK, Bajpai M. Analysis of Top ten-Cited Articles Published in the Journal of Indian Association of Pediatric Surgeons Over a 10-Year Period. J Indian Assoc Pediatr Surg 2021; 26:23-26. [PMID: 33953508 PMCID: PMC8074816 DOI: 10.4103/jiaps.jiaps_201_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The objective was to identify, analyze, and categorize the characteristics (the type of article, country of origin, institution, authorship, topic, and the number of citations) of the articles published in the Journal of Indian Association of Pediatric Surgeons (JIAPS) from 2008 to 2017, with particular focus on the top ten-cited articles. Materials and Methods: The above characteristics of the individual articles were tabulated in the Microsoft Excel® sheet. The number of citations of an article was obtained from three databases (CrosssRef, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar). A final tally was obtained after removing common entries in the databases. Results: The total number of articles published was 613. There were 255 case reports, 209 original articles and review articles, and 149 brief communications. The top five countries of origin of the articles were India, United Kingdom (UK), Turkey, Iran, and Saudi Arabia, with 526, 14, 9, 7, and 6 articles, respectively. The institution, authorship, and topics of the top ten-cited articles were noted. Conclusion: Case reports are the most common type of articles published in JIAPS. Most of the articles originated from India, followed by the UK and middle-east countries. This analysis may provide insights to the editorial board and the members of IAPS about the trend of research and publications among the pediatric surgeons of India.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anjan Kumar Dhua
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Divya Jain
- Department of Ophthalmology, SSPHPGTI, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Prabudh Goel
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Vishesh Jain
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Devendra Kumar Yadav
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Minu Bajpai
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Jain V, Kumar R, Shamim SA, Arora S, Mani K, Yadav DK, Goel P, Dhua A, Agarwala S. Intraobserver and interobserver variations in cortical transit time measurement in children with pelviureteric junction obstruction. World J Nucl Med 2020; 20:38-45. [PMID: 33850488 PMCID: PMC8034798 DOI: 10.4103/wjnm.wjnm_37_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cortical transit time (CTT) has recently been shown to be a useful parameter in the management of children with pelviureteric junction obstruction (PUJO). The aim of this study was to assess intraobserver and interobserver variations in the qualitative and quantitative assessment of CTT in children with PUJO. A retrospective study was performed, and 99mTc-MAG3 renogram images of all children with PUJO performed from January 2016 to December 2017 were retrieved. The images were assessed by three observers at two different time points. CTT was qualified as delayed if CTT was more than 3 min else; it was noted as normal. The intraobserver and interobserver variations in the results of the CTT of the normal kidney and affected kidney both before and after surgery were studied. The kappa statistic was used to compare the interobserver variation of qualitative interpretation of CTT. The Bland–Altman plot was used to evaluate the intraobserver and interobserver variations of the quantitative interpretation of CTT. A total of 57 99mTc-MAG3 renal scintigraphies were evaluated. Overall, 114 renal units were evaluated with 51 normal renal units and 63 renal units with PUJO. Of these, 63 renal units with PUJO, 31 renal units had been operated upon, whereas the remaining 32 renal units had no intervention at the time of the study. The kappa statistic in the normal, affected operated, and affected unoperated kidneys was interpreted as almost perfect, substantial to almost perfect, and moderate to substantial level of agreement, respectively. The Bland–Altman plot revealed a large mean difference and wide 95% limits of agreement in affected kidneys (both operated and unoperated). The study concludes that the qualitative CTT interpretation in the affected renal unit which is most commonly used in recent studies is a reliable and reproducible parameter in children with PUJO. The quantitative measurement had wide inter- and intraobserver variation for clinical use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vishesh Jain
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Shamim Ahmed Shamim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Saurabh Arora
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Kalaivani Mani
- Department of Biostatistics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Devendra Kumar Yadav
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Prabudh Goel
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Anjan Dhua
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sandeep Agarwala
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Anand S, Jain V, Agarwala S, Dhua AK, Yadav DK. Esophageal Button Battery in the Pediatric Population: Experience from a Tertiary Care Center. Indian J Pediatr 2020; 87:591-597. [PMID: 32062820 DOI: 10.1007/s12098-020-03222-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To highlight different patterns of clinical presentation, share authors' experience in the management of children following button battery ingestion and their outcomes. METHODS This is a single center descriptive cohort study with a total duration of 5 y (January 2014 through December 2018). Battery removal was performed by urgent rigid esophagoscopy following department protocols. Outcomes and complications were observed in the post-operative period in all children. Contrast esophagogram was performed at 4-6 wk post battery removal for assessing esophageal emptying and detecting sequelae (stricture). RESULTS Fifty-two children (M:F = 31:21) with a mean age (+SD) at presentation of 47 (+27) mo were managed at authors' center during the study period. Most common source of button battery was electronic appliance remote (50%) and common symptoms at presentation were vomiting after feeds, dysphagia, chest pain etc. During endoscopic retrieval, majority (60%) of the batteries were lodged in the upper esophagus and predominant impaction was noticed at anterior wall (81%) of esophagus. Upon injury assessment, grade 3 followed by grade 2 were detected in 59% and 41% cases respectively. Five children developed complications. Two deaths due to catastrophic hemorrhage (aorto-esophageal fistula) and refractory sepsis (tracheoesophageal fistula) occurred in present cohort. While contrast esophagogram was normal in all survivors, self-limiting symptoms like mild chest pain during swallowing and cough were observed during the follow-up. Median (IQR) duration of hospital stay and follow-up were 2 d (1-2.75) and 14.5 mo (8.5-17.5) respectively. CONCLUSIONS Accidental button battery ingestion can be life-threatening. Diagnosis is often delayed due to non-specific clinical presentation and unwitnessed ingestions. Esophagoscopic retrieval is the treatment modality of choice. Despite having significant esophageal injury at the time of removal, no long-term sequelae (clinical or radiological) were observed in present study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sachit Anand
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vishesh Jain
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
| | - Sandeep Agarwala
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Anjan Kumar Dhua
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Devendra Kumar Yadav
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose: T-lymphocytes-infiltrating tumors (TILs) are white blood cells (CD3+) found within the tumor and are thought to indicate a T-cell-mediated specific immune response. The purpose was to evaluate the presence and the subtypes of TILs in Wilms tumor (WT) specimens. Materials and Methods: A prospective study was conducted, and consecutive cases of WT registered and treated at our center were included in the study. The resected tumor was processed by taking multiple sections from the tumor and the peritumoral area. The sections were then processed for evaluating TILs and their subtypes (CD4 + and CD8+). TILs were assessed as a percentage of the total mononuclear cell infiltration in both these areas in all specimens. Results: Twenty-four consecutive specimens of WT were studied. The mean TILs (CD3+) counts was significantly higher (P = 0.001) in the peritumoral area (22.64 ± 1.42; range 20.2%–25%) as compared to the tumor (21.08 ± 2.42; range 14.6%–23.1%). The mean T-Helper (CD4+) counts was also significantly higher (P < 0.001) in the peritumoral area (13.04 ± 1.79; range 10.5%–16.5%) than in the tumor (7.30 ± 1.81; range 4.2%–10.1%). The mean cytolytic T-lymphocytes (CTLs-CD8+) counts in peritumoral area were 6.64 ± 1.09 (range 4.2%–9.2%), while in the tumor, it was 11.96 ± 3.09 (range 3.6%–16.4%). Two patients died on follow-up due to recurrence. These patients showed a markedly lower CD8+ cell count and higher CD4+/CD8+ ratio in the tumor. Conclusion: T-cells infiltration takes place in WT, and most of the patients demonstrate a higher concentration of CTL (CD8+) in the tumor as compared to the peritumoral area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Devendra Kumar Yadav
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vishesh Jain
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Amit Kumar Dinda
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sandeep Agarwala
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Yadav DK, Acharya SK, Bagga D, Jain V, Dhua A, Goel P. Sacrococcygeal Teratoma: Clinical Characteristics, Management, and Long-term Outcomes in a Prospective Study from a Tertiary Care Center. J Indian Assoc Pediatr Surg 2019; 25:15-21. [PMID: 31896894 PMCID: PMC6910050 DOI: 10.4103/jiaps.jiaps_219_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2018] [Revised: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The study focuses on the clinical presentation, management, and outcomes (both short term and long term) in patients with sacrococcygeal teratoma managed over a decade in a tertiary care center. Materials and Methods: This is a prospective study on children with sacrococcygeal teratoma over 12 years data collected included antenatal diagnosis, mode of delivery, age at diagnosis, clinical presentation, physical extent of mass (including Altman classification), levels of alpha-fetoprotein, surgical approach, histopathology, clinical outcome, recurrence and long-term results including bladder-bowel dysfunction and neurological impairment. Functional results were evaluated clinically and radiologically. Results: During the study, 41 patients (male to female ratio of 1:3.1) with a median age of 36 days (1 day–11.6 years) with sacrococcygeal teratoma were managed at our center. The mean follow-up duration was 54 months (range 19–110 months). Nearly, two-thirds of the tumors were either Altman Type 1 or 2. Yolk sac tumor was present in 8 (19.5%) patients, while the rest has either mature or immature teratoma. Tumors were removed through a posterior sagittal or a chevron incision. In seven patients, abdominosacral approach was necessary. Eight patients with malignant disease received chemotherapy (neoadjuvant in 5). Overall survival was 95% at a mean follow-up of 54 months. Among the late complications, three patients had a local recurrence of tumor, and urinary dribbling was present in three patients. Conclusions: Teratomas are the most common germ cell tumors of the sacrococcygeal region. Most of the tumors are benign, and the incidence of malignancy increases with age. The evaluation of malignancy is, therefore, necessary in these children. Excellent survival of 95% was achieved in this series. Morbidity due to associated malformation, disease recurrence, and treatment may persist in these patients; hence, proper follow-up is needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Devendra Kumar Yadav
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Samir Kant Acharya
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Associated Safdarjang Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Deepak Bagga
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Associated Safdarjang Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Vishesh Jain
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Anjan Dhua
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Prabudh Goel
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Bandyopadhyay T, Saili A, Yadav DK, Kumar A. Correlation of functional echocardiography and clinical parameters in term neonates with shock. J Neonatal Perinatal Med 2019; 13:167-173. [PMID: 31744019 DOI: 10.3233/npm-180179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate the correlation between functional echocardiography and clinical parameters in term neonates with shock. METHOD Cross sectional study of 30 full term newborns who were clinically detected to have shock compared to 30 full term hemodynamically stable neonates. For statistical analysis, cases were further sub classified into cardiogenic and septic shock. RESULT Functional echocardiography revealed inferior vena cava collapsibility index (cIVC), fractional shortening (FS), ejection fraction (EF), cardiac output and superior vena cava (SVC) flow were significantly lower whereas myocardial performance index (MPI) was significantly higher in babies with cardiogenic and septic shock as compared to the controls. Left ventricular end diastolic area (LVEDA) was significantly higher in cardiogenic shock whereas it was significantly lower in septic shock as compared to the controls. Also, cIVC was significantly lower and LVEDA was significantly higher in cardiogenic as compared to the septic shock. In cardiogenic shock SVC flow correlated significantly with capillary filling time and systolic blood pressure. The correlation between functional echocardiographic parameters of cardiogenic and septic shock showed that EF, FS and MPI were positively and significantly correlated (r 0.742, p 0.022 for EF, r 0.766, p 0.016 for FS and r 0.478, p 0.05 for MPI) whereas SVC flow and cIVC were negatively and significantly correlated between cardiogenic and septic shock (r - 0.655, p 0.045 for SVC flow and - 0.578, p 0.05 for cIVC). CONCLUSION In the complex environment of neonatal intensive care unit detection of shock continues to be a major challenge. Functional echocardiography provides an adjunct information to the clinical assessment of shock and helps in monitoring the response to treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Bandyopadhyay
- Department of Neonatology, PGIMER and Dr. RML Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - A Saili
- Department of Neonatology, Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi, India
| | - D K Yadav
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, PGIMER and Dr. RML Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - A Kumar
- Department of Neonatology, Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Goel P, Jain S, Bajpai M, Khanna P, Jain V, Yadav DK. Does caudal analgesia increase the rates of urethrocutaneous fistula formation after hypospadias repair? Systematic review and meta-analysis. Indian J Urol 2019; 35:222-229. [PMID: 31367075 PMCID: PMC6639986 DOI: 10.4103/iju.iju_252_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Caudal block analgesia is administered to lower the requirements of systemic and inhaled anesthetic drugs during hypospadias surgery. However, recent reports, all clustered in a short time-span have generated controversial and mutually opposing results while evaluating caudal block as an independent risk factor for urethroplasty-related complications after hypospadias repair. There is no consensus statement on the role of caudal block analgesia in formation of urethrocutaneous fistula (UCF) after hypospadias surgery. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of the studies evaluating the relative rates of UCF formation after hypospadias surgery in patients who were administered caudal block analgesia versus in those who were not. METHODS Electronic searches were performed using PubMed, PubMed Central, Google Scholar, Ovid, and the Cochrane library. Statistical analysis was performed using a fixed-effect model, odds ratios, risk ratios (RR), and heterogeneity (I2) were calculated. Funnel plot was used to assess for publication bias. RESULTS Seven studies with 1706 patients were included. Caudal block analgesia is associated with a significantly higher risk of UCF formation (RR: 1.81; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.30-2.53), (P = 0.0004) and other urethroplasty-related complications (RR 2.01; 95% CI: 1.48-2.74), (P < 0.00001) after hypospadias surgery. Funnel plots indicate some publication bias. CONCLUSIONS In patients undergoing hypospadias repair, administration of caudal analgesia is associated with a higher risk of UCF formation and other urethroplasty-related complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prabudh Goel
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Shikha Jain
- Department of Anesthesiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Minu Bajpai
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Puneet Khanna
- Department of Anesthesiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vishesh Jain
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Devendra Kumar Yadav
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Abstract
An 8-month-old boy with anorectal malformation (ARM) was incidentally found to have double rectal pouches during posterior sagittal anorectoplasty. The distal blind-ending pouch was excised, and the larger proximal pouch was tapered and anorectoplasty performed. The excised pouch was confirmed as rectal duplication cyst. One must be aware of such uncommon associations with ARM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kashish Khanna
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Devendra Kumar Yadav
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vikram Khanna
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Lady Hardinge Medical College and Kalawati Saran Children's Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Samir Kant Acharya
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Vardhaman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjang Hospital, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Abstract
Background Congenital infantile fibrosarcoma is a rare mesenchymal tumor seen in children as well as adults. The congenital variety is rare and out of the reported cases only one case sited in the neck has been reported so far. Another such case is presented here who was successfully managed. Case presentation A 3-month-old Hindu baby boy presented with a congenital neck swelling. The apparent clinical diagnosis was lympho-venous malformation. With a remote possibility of malignancy, an excisional biopsy was done. Histopathology revealed congenital infantile fibrosarcoma. Conclusion A successful excision of cervical congenital infantile fibrosarcoma has not been reported. This diagnosis should be kept as a possibility in all congenital cervical swellings. These are commonly misdiagnosed as lympho-venous malformations and histopathology is confirmatory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alisha Gupta
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Shilpa Sharma
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
| | - Sandeep Mathur
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - D K Yadav
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - D K Gupta
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Khanna K, Yadav DK, Nandan R, Goel P, Srinivas Rao P. Congenital colonic stenosis with absent caecum and appendix: a rare association. BMJ Case Rep 2018; 2018:bcr-2018-225072. [PMID: 30389731 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2018-225072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital colonic stenosis is a rare condition with less than 20 cases reported in the literature since 1966. We report an interesting case of a 7-month-old baby girl who presented with features suggestive of acute intestinal obstruction. On exploration, it was a case of ascending colon stenosis with absence of caecum and appendix. A double barrel ileocolostomy was performed. The histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of colonic stenosis and ruled out the presence of Hirschsprung's disease in the distal colon. The child underwent second stage surgery (stoma closure) after 9 months. In complex cases of congenital colonic stenosis, an early decompressive surgery followed by a delayed second stage closure is recommended in patients with poor general condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kashish Khanna
- Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Ruchira Nandan
- Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Prabudh Goel
- Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Yadav DK, Khanna K, Khanna V, Bagga D. Enterolithiasis in posterior urethral diverticulum: an uncommon complication following surgery for anorectal malformation. BMJ Case Rep 2018; 2018:bcr-2018-226274. [PMID: 30209147 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2018-226274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Devendra Kumar Yadav
- Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Kashish Khanna
- Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Vikram Khanna
- Pediatric Surgery, Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Deepak Bagga
- Pediatric Surgery, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Singh N, Gupta DK, Sharma S, Sahu DK, Mishra A, Yadav DK, Rawat J, Singh AK. Single-nucleotide and copy-number variance related to severity of hypospadias. Pediatr Surg Int 2018; 34:991-1008. [PMID: 30078147 DOI: 10.1007/s00383-018-4330-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The genetic association of hypospadias-risk studies has been conducted in Caucasians, Chinese-Han populations and few in Indian populations. However, no comprehensive approach has been followed to assess genetic involvement in the severity of the disorder. METHODS The study evaluated to establish the correlation between genotyped single nucleotide and copy number variants (SNPs/CNVs) and severity of hypospadias by an association in a total 30 SNPs in genes related to sex hormone-biosynthesis and metabolism; embryonic-development and phospholipase-D-signalling pathways on 138 surgery-confirmed hypospadias-cases from North India (84 penile and 28 cases of penoscrotal-hypospadias as compared with 31 cases of glanular + coronal), and analyzed and identified CNVs in four familial cases (18 members) and three paired-sporadic cases (6 members) using array-based comparative-genomic-hybridization and validated in 32 hypospadias samples by TaqMan assay. RESULTS Based on odds ratio at 95% CI, Z Statistic and Significance Levels, STS gene-rs17268974 was associated with Penile-Hypospadias and 9-SNPs [seven-SNPs (rs5934740; rs5934842; rs5934913; rs6639811; rs3923341; rs17268974; rs5934937)] of STS gene; rs7562326-SRD5A2 and rs1877031-STARD3 were associated with penoscrotal-hypospadias. On aggregate analysis with p < 0.001, we identified homozygous-loss of Ch7:q34 (PRSS3P2, PRSS2). On validation in previously CNV-characterized and new (32 hypospadias cases), we identified PRSS3P2-loss in most of the grade 3 and 4 hypospadias. Hence, Grade 1 and 2 (coronal and granular) show no-PRSS3P2-loss and no-association with SNPs in STS; SRD5A2; STARD3-gene but Grade 3 and 4 (Penile and Penoscrotal) show PRSS3P2-loss accompanied with the association of SNPs in STS; SRD5A2; STARD3. CONCLUSIONS Hence, homozygous-loss of PRSS3P2 accompanied with the association of STS; SRD5A2; STARD3 may link to the severity of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neetu Singh
- Molecular Biology Unit (Center for Advance Research), King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226 003, India.
| | - Devendra Kumar Gupta
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India.
| | - Shilpa Sharma
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Sahu
- Molecular Biology Unit (Center for Advance Research), King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226 003, India
| | - Archana Mishra
- Molecular Biology Unit (Center for Advance Research), King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226 003, India
| | - Devendra Kumar Yadav
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Jiledar Rawat
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, 226 003, India
| | - Arun Kumar Singh
- Department of Plastic Surgery, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, 226 003, India
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Anand S, Patcharu R, Yadav DK, Kandasamy D, Sharma S. Does Pneumomediastinum and Pneumoretroperitoneum Always Necessitate Surgical Treatment? Indian J Pediatr 2018; 85:688-689. [PMID: 29305765 DOI: 10.1007/s12098-017-2578-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sachit Anand
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India.
| | - Ravi Patcharu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Devendra Kumar Yadav
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | | | - Shilpa Sharma
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| |
Collapse
|