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Maltezou HC, Basoulis D, Bonelis K, Gamaletsou MN, Giannouchos TV, Karantoni E, Karapanou Α, Kounouklas K, Livanou ME, Zotou M, Rapti V, Stamou P, Loulakis D, Souliotis K, Chini M, Panagopoulos P, Poulakou G, Syrigos KN, Hatzigeorgiou D, Sipsas NV. Effectiveness of full (booster) COVID-19 vaccination against severe outcomes and work absenteeism in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 during the Delta and Omicron waves in Greece. Vaccine 2023; 41:2343-2348. [PMID: 36740558 PMCID: PMC9892328 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.01.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
AIM We estimated vaccine effectiveness (VE) of full (booster) vaccination against severe outcomes in hospitalized COVID-19 patients during the Delta and Omicron waves. METHODS The study extended from November 15, 2021 to April 17, 2022. Full vaccination was defined as a primary vaccination plus a booster ≥ 6 months later. RESULTS We studied 1138 patients (mean age: 66.6 years), of whom 826 (72.6 %) had > 1 comorbidity. Of the 1138 patients, 75 (6.6 %) were admitted to intensive care unit (ICU), 64 (5.6 %) received mechanical ventilation, and 172 (15.1 %) died. There were 386 (33.9 %) fully vaccinated, 172 (15.1 %) partially vaccinated, and 580 (51 %) unvaccinated patients. Unvaccinated patients were absent from work for longer periods compared to partially or fully vaccinated patients (mean absence of 20.1 days versus 12.3 and 17.3 days, respectively; p-value = 0.03). Compared to unvaccinated patients, fully vaccinated patients were less likely to be admitted to ICU [adjusted relative risk (ARR: 0.49; 95 % CI: 0.29-0.84)], mechanically ventilated (ARR: 0.43; 95 % CI: 0.23-0.80), and die (ARR: 0.57; 95 % CI: 0.42-0.78), while they were hospitalized for significantly shorter periods (ARR: 0.79; 95 % CI: 0.70-0.89). The adjusted full VE was 48.8 % (95 % CI: 42.7 %-54.9 %) against ICU admission, 55.4 % (95 % CI: 52.0 %-56.2 %) against mechanical ventilation, and 22.6 % (95 % CI: 7.4 %-34.8 %) against death. For patients with ≥ 3 comorbidities, VE was 56.2 % (95 % CI: 43.9 %-67.1 %) against ICU admission, 60.2 % (95 % CI: 53.7 %-65.4 %) against mechanical ventilation, and 43.9 % (95 % CI: 19.9 %-59.7 %) against death. CONCLUSIONS Full (booster) COVID-19 vaccination conferred protection against severe outcomes, prolonged hospitalization, and prolonged work absenteeism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena C. Maltezou
- Directorate of Research, Studies and Documentation, National Public Health Organization, Athens, Greece,Corresponding author at: at: Directorate of Research, Studies and Documentation, National Public Health Organization, 3-5 Agrafon Street, Athens 15123 Greece
| | - Dimitrios Basoulis
- Pathophysiology Department, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Bonelis
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Maria N. Gamaletsou
- Pathophysiology Department, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Theodoros V. Giannouchos
- Department of Health Services Policy and Management, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Eleni Karantoni
- Second Clinic of Internal Medicine, COVID-19 Department, 251 Hellenic Air Force General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Αmalia Karapanou
- Infection Control Committee, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Kounouklas
- Second Clinic of Internal Medicine, COVID-19 Department, 251 Hellenic Air Force General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Effrosyni Livanou
- Third Department of Internal Medicine and Laboratory, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Sotiria General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Zotou
- Third Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases Unit, Korgialeneio-Benakeio Red Cross Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Rapti
- Third Department of Internal Medicine and Laboratory, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Sotiria General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiota Stamou
- Second Clinic of Internal Medicine, COVID-19 Department, 251 Hellenic Air Force General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Loulakis
- Third Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases Unit, Korgialeneio-Benakeio Red Cross Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Kyriakos Souliotis
- Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, University of Peloponnese, Corinth, Greece,Health Policy Institute, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Chini
- Third Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases Unit, Korgialeneio-Benakeio Red Cross Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Periklis Panagopoulos
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Garyfalia Poulakou
- Third Department of Internal Medicine and Laboratory, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Sotiria General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos N. Syrigos
- Third Department of Internal Medicine and Laboratory, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Sotiria General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Nikolaos V. Sipsas
- Pathophysiology Department, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
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Lioni A, Zorzou MP, Kollia C, Loulakis D, Ntziora F, Stergiou F, Boboli M, Chini M. Syphilis infection in an HIV patient presenting with leukemoid reaction: Case report and review of the literature. Infect Dis Rep 2018; 10:7410. [PMID: 29721241 PMCID: PMC5907733 DOI: 10.4081/idr.2018.7410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Leukemoid reaction (LR) is an uncommon though dreadful sign for the treating physician, as it is related to increased mortality. In the few series that have addressed its incidence and clinical significance, infectious causes count for about half of the cases of LR, the rest accounting for cancer, drugs or rarer causes. In the HIV setting, it represents an even rarer event, owing probably to the impaired granulocytic response of AIDS patients to bacterial agents. However no report exists as to the incidence of LR to the immune-restored HIV patients adequately treated with antiretroviral therapy (ART). Syphilis is a well known cause of mild lymphocytosis, though only one report of LR exists in the congenital setting. We hereby report a case of an HIV patient adequately treated with ART, who presented with LR with a lymphomonocytic preponderance after infection with treponema pallidum.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Christina Kollia
- Internal Medicine Department Red Cross Hospital Korgialeneio Benakeio, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Loulakis
- Internal Medicine Department Red Cross Hospital Korgialeneio Benakeio, Athens, Greece
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