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Gupta A, Gullapalli S, Pan H, Ramos-Ortolaza DL, Hayward MD, Low MJ, Pintar JE, Devi LA, Gomes I. Regulation of Opioid Receptors by Their Endogenous Opioid Peptides. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2021; 41:1103-1118. [PMID: 33389463 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-020-01015-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Activation of μ, δ, and κ opioid receptors by endogenous opioid peptides leads to the regulation of many emotional and physiological responses. The three major endogenous opioid peptides, β-endorphin, enkephalins, and dynorphins result from the processing of three main precursors: proopiomelanocortin, proenkephalin, and prodynorphin. Using a knockout approach, we sought to determine whether the absence of endogenous opioid peptides would affect the expression or activity of opioid receptors in mice lacking either proenkephalin, β-endorphin, or both. Since gene knockout can lead to changes in the levels of peptides generated from related precursors by compensatory mechanisms, we directly measured the levels of Leu-enkephalin and dynorphin-derived peptides in the brain of animals lacking proenkephalin, β-endorphin, or both. We find that whereas the levels of dynorphin-derived peptides were relatively unaltered, the levels of Leu-enkephalin were substantially decreased compared to wild-type mice suggesting that preproenkephalin is the major source of Leu-enkephalin. This data also suggests that the lack of β-endorphin and/or proenkephalin does not lead to a compensatory change in prodynorphin processing. Next, we examined the effect of loss of the endogenous peptides on the regulation of opioid receptor levels and activity in specific regions of the brain. We also compared the receptor levels and activity in males and females and show that the lack of β-endorphin and/or proenkephalin leads to differential modulation of the three opioid receptors in a region- and gender-specific manner. These results suggest that endogenous opioid peptides are important modulators of the expression and activity of opioid receptors in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achla Gupta
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1603, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Srinivas Gullapalli
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1603, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Emcure Pharmaceuticals, Mumbai, India
| | - Hui Pan
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1603, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- University of Southern California Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Dinah L Ramos-Ortolaza
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1603, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Pontifico Catholic Univ. Puerto Rico, Ponce, Puerto Rico
| | - Michael D Hayward
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR, 97201, USA
- Invivotek, Trenton, NJ, USA
| | - Malcom J Low
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR, 97201, USA
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - John E Pintar
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Lakshmi A Devi
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1603, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
| | - Ivone Gomes
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1603, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
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Perez-Torres EM, Ramos-Ortolaza DL, Morales R, Santini E, Rios-Ruiz EJ, Torres-Reveron A. Morphine administration during low ovarian hormone stage results in transient over expression of fear memories in females. Front Behav Neurosci 2015; 9:129. [PMID: 26052274 PMCID: PMC4441149 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2015.00129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute exposure to morphine after a traumatic event reduces trauma related symptoms in humans and conditioned fear expression in male rats. We aimed to determine whether acute administration of morphine alters consolidation of fear learning and extinction. Male and female rats in proestrus and metaestrus (high and low ovarian hormones respectively) underwent fear conditioning and received saline or morphine (2.5 mg/kg s.c.). The next day they underwent extinction. Results showed increased freezing during extinction only in the morphine metaestrus group while morphine did not affect males or proestrus females. Recall of extinction was similar on all groups. On a second experiment, a subset of rats conditioned during metaestrus was administered morphine prior to extinction producing no effects. We then measured mu opioid receptor (MOR) expression in the amygdala and periaqueductal gray (PAG) at the end of extinction (day 2). In males and proestrus females, morphine caused an increase in MOR in the amygdala but no in the PAG. In metaestrus females, morphine did not change MOR expression in either structure. These data suggests that ovarian hormones may interact with MORs in the amygdala to transiently alter memory consolidation. Morphine given after trauma to females with low ovarian hormones might increase the recall of fear responses, making recovery harder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily M Perez-Torres
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, Ponce Health Sciences University - Ponce Research Institute Ponce, Puerto Rico
| | | | - Roberto Morales
- Department of Counseling and Psychological Services, Institute of Translational Research in Behavioral Sciences, University of Puerto Rico at Ponce Ponce, Puerto Rico
| | - Edwin Santini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Palm Beach Atlantic University West Palm Beach, FL, USA
| | - Efrain J Rios-Ruiz
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, Ponce Health Sciences University - Ponce Research Institute Ponce, Puerto Rico ; Department of Counseling and Psychological Services, Institute of Translational Research in Behavioral Sciences, University of Puerto Rico at Ponce Ponce, Puerto Rico
| | - Annelyn Torres-Reveron
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, Ponce Health Sciences University - Ponce Research Institute Ponce, Puerto Rico ; Basic Sciences Division, Physiology, Ponce Health Sciences University - Ponce Research Institute Ponce, Puerto Rico
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Toniolo EF, Maique ET, Ferreira WA, Heimann AS, Ferro ES, Ramos-Ortolaza DL, Miller L, Devi LA, Dale CS. Hemopressin, an inverse agonist of cannabinoid receptors, inhibits neuropathic pain in rats. Peptides 2014; 56:125-31. [PMID: 24703998 PMCID: PMC4112957 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2014.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Revised: 03/19/2014] [Accepted: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Direct-acting cannabinoid receptor ligands are well known to reduce hyperalgesic responses after nerve injury, although their psychoactive side effects have damped enthusiasm for their therapeutic development. Hemopressin (Hp) is a nonapeptide that selectively binds CB1 cannabinoid receptors (CB1 receptors) and exerts antinociceptive action in inflammatory pain models. We investigated the effect of Hp on neuropathic pain in rats subjected to chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the sciatic nerve, and explored the mechanisms involved. Oral administration of Hp inhibits mechanical hyperalgesia of CCI-rats up to 6h. Hp treatment also decreases Egr-1 immunoreactivity (Egr-1Ir) in the superficial layer of the dorsal horn of the spinal cord of CCI rats. The antinociceptive effect of Hp seems to be independent of inhibitory descending pain pathway since methysergide (5HT1A receptor antagonist) and yohimbine (α-2 adrenergic receptor antagonist) were unable to prevent Hp antinociceptive effect. Hp decreased calcium flux on DRG neurons from CCI rats, similarly to that observed for AM251, a CB1 receptor antagonist. We also investigated the effect of Hp on potassium channels of CCI rats using UCL 1684 (a blocker of Ca(2+)-activated K(+) channels) which reversed Hp-induced antinociception. Furthermore, concomitant administration of URB-584 (FAAH inhibitor) but not JZL-184 (MAGL inhibitor) potentiates antinociceptive effect of Hp in CCI rats indicating an involvement of anadamide on HP-induced antinociception. Together, these data demonstrate that Hp displays antinociception in pain from neuropathic etiology through local effects. The release of anandamide and the opening of peripheral K(+) channels are involved in the antinociceptive effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine F Toniolo
- Laboratory of Neuromodulation and Experimental Pain, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Estêfani T Maique
- Laboratory of Neuromodulation and Experimental Pain, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Wilson A Ferreira
- Department of Pharmacology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Emer S Ferro
- Department of Pharmacology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Dinah L Ramos-Ortolaza
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Lydia Miller
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Lakshmi A Devi
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Camila S Dale
- Laboratory of Neuromodulation and Experimental Pain, Department of Anatomy, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Cuevas M, Flores I, Thompson KJ, Ramos-Ortolaza DL, Torres-Reveron A, Appleyard CB. Stress exacerbates endometriosis manifestations and inflammatory parameters in an animal model. Reprod Sci 2012; 19:851-62. [PMID: 22527982 DOI: 10.1177/1933719112438443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Women with endometriosis have significant emotional distress; however, the contribution of stress to the pathophysiology of this disease is unclear. We used a rat model of endometriosis to examine the effects of stress on the development of this condition and its influence on inflammatory parameters. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to swim stress for 10 consecutive days prior to the surgical induction of endometriosis by suturing uterine horn implants next to the intestinal mesentery (endo-stress). Sham-stress animals had sutures only, and an endo-no stress group was not subjected to the stress protocol. At the time of sacrifice on day 60, endometriotic vesicles were measured and colons assessed for macroscopic and microscopic damage. Colonic tissue and peritoneal fluid were collected for inflammatory cell analysis. Endometriosis, regardless of stress, produced a decrease in central corticotropin-releasing factor immunoreactivity, specifically in the CA3 subregion of the hippocampus. Prior exposure to stress increased both the number and severity of vesicles found in animals with endometriosis. Stress also increased colonic inflammation, motility, myeloperoxidase levels, and numbers of mast cells. In summary, prior stress may contribute to the development and severity of endometriosis in this animal model through mechanisms involving cell recruitment (eg, mast cells), release of inflammatory mediators, and deregulation of hypothalamic-pituitary axis responses in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marielly Cuevas
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Ponce School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ponce, PR 00716, USA
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Abul-Husn NS, Annangudi SP, Ma'ayan A, Ramos-Ortolaza DL, Stockton SD, Gomes I, Sweedler JV, Devi LA. Chronic morphine alters the presynaptic protein profile: identification of novel molecular targets using proteomics and network analysis. PLoS One 2011; 6:e25535. [PMID: 22043286 PMCID: PMC3197197 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0025535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2011] [Accepted: 09/06/2011] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Opiates produce significant and persistent changes in synaptic transmission; knowledge of the proteins involved in these changes may help to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying opiate dependence. Using an integrated quantitative proteomics and systems biology approach, we explored changes in the presynaptic protein profile following a paradigm of chronic morphine administration that leads to the development of dependence. For this, we isolated presynaptic fractions from the striata of rats treated with saline or escalating doses of morphine, and analyzed the proteins in these fractions using differential isotopic labeling. We identified 30 proteins that were significantly altered by morphine and integrated them into a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network representing potential morphine-regulated protein complexes. Graph theory-based analysis of this network revealed clusters of densely connected and functionally related morphine-regulated clusters of proteins. One of the clusters contained molecular chaperones thought to be involved in regulation of neurotransmission. Within this cluster, cysteine-string protein (CSP) and the heat shock protein Hsc70 were downregulated by morphine. Interestingly, Hsp90, a heat shock protein that normally interacts with CSP and Hsc70, was upregulated by morphine. Moreover, treatment with the selective Hsp90 inhibitor, geldanamycin, decreased the somatic signs of naloxone-precipitated morphine withdrawal, suggesting that Hsp90 upregulation at the presynapse plays a role in the expression of morphine dependence. Thus, integration of proteomics, network analysis, and behavioral studies has provided a greater understanding of morphine-induced alterations in synaptic composition, and identified a potential novel therapeutic target for opiate dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noura S. Abul-Husn
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Suresh P. Annangudi
- Department of Chemistry, Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urban-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Avi Ma'ayan
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Dinah L. Ramos-Ortolaza
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Steven D. Stockton
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Ivone Gomes
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Jonathan V. Sweedler
- Department of Chemistry, Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urban-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Lakshmi A. Devi
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Ramos-Ortolaza DL, Negrón A, Cruz D, Falcón E, Iturbe MC, Cajigas MH, Maldonado-Vlaar CS. Intra-accumbens shell injections of SR48692 enhanced cocaine self-administration intake in rats exposed to an environmentally-elicited reinstatement paradigm. Brain Res 2009; 1280:124-36. [PMID: 19442653 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2009.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2008] [Revised: 04/29/2009] [Accepted: 05/06/2009] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Neurotensin (NT) is a neuropeptide involved in cocaine reward, and in learning and memory processes related to drug use within the mesolimbic dopamine (DA) system. Studies have demonstrated that NT receptor antagonists have potential as pharmacotherapeutical tools for cocaine abuse. Therefore, it is important to understand the molecular profile of NT within mesolimbic neurons and the behavioral effects of NT receptor inhibitors on environmentally-elicited cocaine seeking behavior. To address this issue, male Sprague Dawley rats were trained to self-administer cocaine and to discriminate between environmental cues signaling cocaine vs. saline availability. Then, following extinction, these cues were used to induce reinstatement of cocaine seeking behavior. A differential expression profile was observed throughout the experiment. Particularly, a significant increase of NT levels was observed within the nucleus accumbens (NAc) shell subregion during the acquisition phase of training. To further examine the implications of this increase, separate groups of animals received intra NAc shell injections of one of three doses (25, 50, 100 nM) of the NT1 receptor antagonist SR48692 after reaching stable self-administration. Animals were injected prior to placement in the operant conditioning chambers for four consecutive sessions. An increase in lever pressing was observed following antagonist treatment, whereas no major changes in locomotor activity were observed. We propose that the observed increase in lever pressing may be a compensatory response to a decrease in reinforcement, possibly due to decreased DA release, as previous studies show that chronic SR48692 decreases basal DA release in the NAc shell.
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