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Geisler D, King JA, Bahnsen K, Bernardoni F, Doose A, Müller DK, Marxen M, Roessner V, van den Heuvel M, Ehrlich S. Altered White Matter Connectivity in Young Acutely Underweight Patients With Anorexia Nervosa. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2022; 61:331-340. [PMID: 33989747 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2021.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Reductions of gray matter volume and cortical thickness in anorexia nervosa (AN) are well documented. However, findings regarding the integrity of white matter (WM) as studied via diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) are remarkably heterogeneous, and WM connectivity has been examined only in small samples using a limited number of regions of interest. The present study investigated whole-brain WM connectivity for the first time in a large sample of acutely underweight patients with AN. METHOD DWI data from predominantly adolescent patients with acute AN (n = 96, mean age = 16.3 years) and age-matched healthy control participants (n = 96, mean age = 17.2 years) were analyzed. WM connectivity networks were generated from fiber-tractography-derived streamlines connecting 233 cortical/subcortical regions. To identify group differences, network-based statistic was used while taking head motion, WM, and ventricular volume into account. RESULTS Patients with AN were characterized by 6 WM subnetworks with abnormal architecture, as indicated by increased fractional anisotropy located primarily in parietal-occipital regions and accompanied by reduced radial diffusivity. Group differences based on number of streamlines reached only nominal significance. CONCLUSION Our study reveals pronounced alterations in the WM connectome in young patients with AN. In contrast to known reductions in gray matter in the acutely underweight state of AN, this pattern does not necessarily indicate a deterioration of the WM network. Future studies using advanced MRI sequences will have to clarify interrelations with axonal packing or myelination, and whether the changes should be considered a consequence of undernutrition or a vulnerability for developing or maintaining AN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Geisler
- Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Joseph A King
- Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Klaas Bahnsen
- Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Fabio Bernardoni
- Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Arne Doose
- Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Dirk K Müller
- Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael Marxen
- Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Veit Roessner
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital C. G. Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Martijn van den Heuvel
- Connectome Lab, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan Ehrlich
- Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Eating Disorder Treatment and Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
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Mikolas P, Bröckel K, Vogelbacher C, Müller DK, Marxen M, Berndt C, Sauer C, Jung S, Fröhner JH, Fallgatter AJ, Ethofer T, Rau A, Kircher T, Falkenberg I, Lambert M, Kraft V, Leopold K, Bechdolf A, Reif A, Matura S, Stamm T, Bermpohl F, Fiebig J, Juckel G, Flasbeck V, Correll CU, Ritter P, Bauer M, Jansen A, Pfennig A. Individuals at increased risk for development of bipolar disorder display structural alterations similar to people with manifest disease. Transl Psychiatry 2021; 11:485. [PMID: 34545071 PMCID: PMC8452775 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-021-01598-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In psychiatry, there has been a growing focus on identifying at-risk populations. For schizophrenia, these efforts have led to the development of early recognition and intervention measures. Despite a similar disease burden, the populations at risk of bipolar disorder have not been sufficiently characterized. Within the BipoLife consortium, we used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data from a multicenter study to assess structural gray matter alterations in N = 263 help-seeking individuals from seven study sites. We defined the risk using the EPIbipolar assessment tool as no-risk, low-risk, and high-risk and used a region-of-interest approach (ROI) based on the results of two large-scale multicenter studies of bipolar disorder by the ENIGMA working group. We detected significant differences in the thickness of the left pars opercularis (Cohen's d = 0.47, p = 0.024) between groups. The cortex was significantly thinner in high-risk individuals compared to those in the no-risk group (p = 0.011). We detected no differences in the hippocampal volume. Exploratory analyses revealed no significant differences in other cortical or subcortical regions. The thinner cortex in help-seeking individuals at risk of bipolar disorder is in line with previous findings in patients with the established disorder and corresponds to the region of the highest effect size in the ENIGMA study of cortical alterations. Structural alterations in prefrontal cortex might be a trait marker of bipolar risk. This is the largest structural MRI study of help-seeking individuals at increased risk of bipolar disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavol Mikolas
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Carl Gustav Carus University Hospital, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Kyra Bröckel
- grid.412282.f0000 0001 1091 2917Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Carl Gustav Carus University Hospital, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Christoph Vogelbacher
- grid.10253.350000 0004 1936 9756Core-Facility Brainimaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany ,grid.10253.350000 0004 1936 9756Department of Psychiatry, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany ,grid.8664.c0000 0001 2165 8627Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), University of Marburg and Justus Liebig University Giessen, Marburg, Germany
| | - Dirk K. Müller
- grid.412282.f0000 0001 1091 2917Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Carl Gustav Carus University Hospital, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany ,grid.4488.00000 0001 2111 7257Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany ,grid.4488.00000 0001 2111 7257Institute for Medical Informatics and Biometry, Carl Gustav Carus Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael Marxen
- grid.412282.f0000 0001 1091 2917Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Carl Gustav Carus University Hospital, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany ,grid.4488.00000 0001 2111 7257Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Christina Berndt
- grid.412282.f0000 0001 1091 2917Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Carl Gustav Carus University Hospital, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Cathrin Sauer
- grid.412282.f0000 0001 1091 2917Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Carl Gustav Carus University Hospital, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Stine Jung
- grid.412282.f0000 0001 1091 2917Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Carl Gustav Carus University Hospital, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Juliane Hilde Fröhner
- grid.412282.f0000 0001 1091 2917Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Carl Gustav Carus University Hospital, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany ,grid.4488.00000 0001 2111 7257Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Andreas J. Fallgatter
- grid.10392.390000 0001 2190 1447Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Tübingen Center for Mental Health, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Thomas Ethofer
- grid.10392.390000 0001 2190 1447Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Tübingen Center for Mental Health, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany ,grid.10392.390000 0001 2190 1447Department for Biomedical Resonance, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anne Rau
- grid.10392.390000 0001 2190 1447Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Tübingen Center for Mental Health, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Tilo Kircher
- grid.10253.350000 0004 1936 9756Core-Facility Brainimaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany ,grid.10253.350000 0004 1936 9756Department of Psychiatry, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany ,grid.8664.c0000 0001 2165 8627Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), University of Marburg and Justus Liebig University Giessen, Marburg, Germany
| | - Irina Falkenberg
- grid.10253.350000 0004 1936 9756Core-Facility Brainimaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany ,grid.10253.350000 0004 1936 9756Department of Psychiatry, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany ,grid.8664.c0000 0001 2165 8627Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), University of Marburg and Justus Liebig University Giessen, Marburg, Germany
| | - Martin Lambert
- grid.13648.380000 0001 2180 3484Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Vivien Kraft
- grid.13648.380000 0001 2180 3484Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Karolina Leopold
- grid.6363.00000 0001 2218 4662Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine, Vivantes Hospital Am Urban and Vivantes Hospital Im Friedrichshain, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Bechdolf
- grid.6363.00000 0001 2218 4662Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine, Vivantes Hospital Am Urban and Vivantes Hospital Im Friedrichshain, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Reif
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Silke Matura
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Thomas Stamm
- grid.6363.00000 0001 2218 4662Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité Campus Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany ,grid.473452.3Department of Clinical Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Neuruppin, Germany
| | - Felix Bermpohl
- grid.6363.00000 0001 2218 4662Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité Campus Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jana Fiebig
- grid.6363.00000 0001 2218 4662Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité Campus Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Georg Juckel
- grid.5570.70000 0004 0490 981XDepartment of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Preventive Medicine, LWL University Hospital, Ruhr-University, Bochum, Germany
| | - Vera Flasbeck
- grid.5570.70000 0004 0490 981XDepartment of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Preventive Medicine, LWL University Hospital, Ruhr-University, Bochum, Germany
| | - Christoph U. Correll
- grid.6363.00000 0001 2218 4662Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany ,grid.440243.50000 0004 0453 5950Department of Psychiatry, Northwell Health, The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Glen Oaks, NY USA ,grid.512756.20000 0004 0370 4759Department of Psychiatry and Molecular Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY USA
| | - Philipp Ritter
- grid.412282.f0000 0001 1091 2917Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Carl Gustav Carus University Hospital, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael Bauer
- grid.412282.f0000 0001 1091 2917Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Carl Gustav Carus University Hospital, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Andreas Jansen
- grid.10253.350000 0004 1936 9756Core-Facility Brainimaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany ,grid.10253.350000 0004 1936 9756Department of Psychiatry, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany ,grid.8664.c0000 0001 2165 8627Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), University of Marburg and Justus Liebig University Giessen, Marburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Pfennig
- grid.412282.f0000 0001 1091 2917Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Carl Gustav Carus University Hospital, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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von Schwanenflug N, Müller DK, King JA, Ritschel F, Bernardoni F, Mohammadi S, Geisler D, Roessner V, Biemann R, Marxen M, Ehrlich S. Dynamic changes in white matter microstructure in anorexia nervosa: findings from a longitudinal study. Psychol Med 2019; 49:1555-1564. [PMID: 30149815 DOI: 10.1017/s003329171800212x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gray matter (GM) 'pseudoatrophy' is well-documented in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN), but changes in white matter (WM) are less well understood. Here we investigated the dynamics of microstructural WM brain changes in AN patients during short-term weight restoration in a combined longitudinal and cross-sectional study design. METHODS Diffusion-weighted images were acquired in young AN patients before (acAN-Tp1, n = 56) and after (acAN-Tp2, n = 44) short-term weight restoration as well as in age-matched healthy controls (HC, n = 60). Images were processed using Tract-Based-Spatial-Statistics to compare fractional anisotropy (FA) across groups and timepoints. RESULTS In the cross-sectional comparison, FA was significantly reduced in the callosal body in acAN-Tp1 compared with HC, while no differences were found between acAN-Tp2 and HC. In the longitudinal arm, FA increased with weight gain in acAN-Tp2 relative to acAN-Tp1 in large parts of the callosal body and the fornix, while it decreased in the right corticospinal tract. CONCLUSIONS Our findings reveal that dynamic, bidirectional changes in WM microstructure in young underweight patients with AN can be reversed with brief weight restoration therapy. These results parallel those previously observed in GM and suggest that alterations in WM in non-chronic AN are also state-dependent and rapidly reversible with successful intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina von Schwanenflug
- Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neuroscience,Faculty of Medicine,Technische Universität Dresden,Dresden,Germany
| | - Dirk K Müller
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center,Technische Universität Dresden,Dresden,Germany
| | - Joseph A King
- Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neuroscience,Faculty of Medicine,Technische Universität Dresden,Dresden,Germany
| | - Franziska Ritschel
- Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neuroscience,Faculty of Medicine,Technische Universität Dresden,Dresden,Germany
| | - Fabio Bernardoni
- Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neuroscience,Faculty of Medicine,Technische Universität Dresden,Dresden,Germany
| | - Siawoosh Mohammadi
- Department of Systems Neuroscience,Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf,Hamburg,Germany
| | - Daniel Geisler
- Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neuroscience,Faculty of Medicine,Technische Universität Dresden,Dresden,Germany
| | - Veit Roessner
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry,Faculty of Medicine,Eating Disorder Research and Treatment Center, Technische Universität Dresden,Dresden,Germany
| | - Ronald Biemann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Otto-von-Guericke University,Magdeburg,Germany
| | - Michael Marxen
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center,Technische Universität Dresden,Dresden,Germany
| | - Stefan Ehrlich
- Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neuroscience,Faculty of Medicine,Technische Universität Dresden,Dresden,Germany
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Deza-Araujo YI, Neukam PT, Marxen M, Müller DK, Henle T, Smolka MN. Acute tryptophan loading decreases functional connectivity between the default mode network and emotion-related brain regions. Hum Brain Mapp 2018; 40:1844-1855. [PMID: 30585373 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been shown that the functional architecture of the default mode network (DMN) can be affected by serotonergic challenges and these effects may provide insights on the neurobiological bases of depressive symptomatology. To deepen our understanding of this possible interplay, we used a double-blind, randomized, cross-over design, with a control condition and two interventions to decrease (tryptophan depletion) and increase (tryptophan loading) brain serotonin synthesis. Resting-state fMRI from 85 healthy subjects was acquired for all conditions 3 hr after the ingestion of an amino acid mixture containing different amounts of tryptophan, the dietary precursor of serotonin. The DMN was derived for each participant and session. Permutation testing was performed to detect connectivity changes within the DMN as well as between the DMN and other brain regions elicited by the interventions. We found that tryptophan loading increased tryptophan plasma levels and decreased DMN connectivity with visual cortices and several brain regions involved in emotion and affect regulation (i.e., putamen, subcallosal cortex, thalamus, and frontal cortex). Tryptophan depletion significantly reduced tryptophan levels but did not affect brain connectivity. Subjective ratings of mood, anxiety, sleepiness, and impulsive choice were not strongly affected by any intervention. Our data indicate that connectivity between the DMN and emotion-related brain regions might be modulated by changes in the serotonergic system. These results suggest that functional changes in the brain associated with different brain serotonin levels may be relevant to understand the neural bases of depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yacila I Deza-Araujo
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Philipp T Neukam
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael Marxen
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Dirk K Müller
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Thomas Henle
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael N Smolka
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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Pfuhl G, King JA, Geisler D, Roschinski B, Ritschel F, Seidel M, Bernardoni F, Müller DK, White T, Roessner V, Ehrlich S. Preserved white matter microstructure in young patients with anorexia nervosa? Hum Brain Mapp 2018; 37:4069-4083. [PMID: 27400772 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Revised: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A massive but reversible reduction of cortical thickness and subcortical gray matter (GM) volumes in Anorexia Nervosa (AN) has been recently reported. However, the literature on alterations in white matter (WM) volume and microstructure changes in both acutely underweight AN (acAN) and after recovery (recAN) is sparse and results are inconclusive. Here, T1-weighted and diffusion-weighted MRI data in a sizable sample of young and medication-free acAN (n = 35), recAN (n = 32), and age-matched female healthy controls (HC, n = 62) were obtained. For analysis, a well-validated global probabilistic tractography reconstruction algorithm including rigorous motion correction implemented in FreeSurfer: TRACULA (TRActs Constrained by UnderLying Anatomy) were used. Additionally, a clustering algorithm and a multivariate pattern classification technique to WM metrics to predict group membership were applied. No group differences in either WM volume or WM microstructure were detected with standard analysis procedures either in acAN or recAN relative to HC after controlling for the number of performed statistical tests. These findings were not affected by age, IQ, or psychiatric symptoms. While cluster analysis was unsuccessful at discriminating between groups, multivariate pattern classification showed some ability to separate acAN from HC (but not recAN from HC). However, these results were not compatible with a straightforward hypothesis of impaired WM microstructure. The current findings suggest that WM integrity is largely preserved in non-chronic AN. This finding stands in contrast to findings in GM, but may help to explain the relatively intact cognitive performance of young patients with AN and provide the basis for the fast recovery of GM structures. Hum Brain Mapp 37:4069-4083, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerit Pfuhl
- Eating Disorders Research and Treatment Center at the Dept. of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Department of Psychology, UiT the Arctic University of Norway & Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Joseph A King
- Eating Disorders Research and Treatment Center at the Dept. of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Daniel Geisler
- Eating Disorders Research and Treatment Center at the Dept. of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Benjamin Roschinski
- Eating Disorders Research and Treatment Center at the Dept. of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Franziska Ritschel
- Eating Disorders Research and Treatment Center at the Dept. of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Maria Seidel
- Eating Disorders Research and Treatment Center at the Dept. of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Fabio Bernardoni
- Eating Disorders Research and Treatment Center at the Dept. of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Dirk K Müller
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Tonya White
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry & Department of Radiology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Veit Roessner
- Eating Disorders Research and Treatment Center at the Dept. of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Stefan Ehrlich
- Eating Disorders Research and Treatment Center at the Dept. of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany. .,Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany. .,MGH/MIT/HMS Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts. .,Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
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Nebe S, Kroemer NB, Schad DJ, Bernhardt N, Sebold M, Müller DK, Scholl L, Kuitunen-Paul S, Heinz A, Rapp MA, Huys QJ, Smolka MN. No association of goal-directed and habitual control with alcohol consumption in young adults. Addict Biol 2018; 23:379-393. [PMID: 28111829 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol dependence is a mental disorder that has been associated with an imbalance in behavioral control favoring model-free habitual over model-based goal-directed strategies. It is as yet unknown, however, whether such an imbalance reflects a predisposing vulnerability or results as a consequence of repeated and/or excessive alcohol exposure. We, therefore, examined the association of alcohol consumption with model-based goal-directed and model-free habitual control in 188 18-year-old social drinkers in a two-step sequential decision-making task while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging before prolonged alcohol misuse could have led to severe neurobiological adaptations. Behaviorally, participants showed a mixture of model-free and model-based decision-making as observed previously. Measures of impulsivity were positively related to alcohol consumption. In contrast, neither model-free nor model-based decision weights nor the trade-off between them were associated with alcohol consumption. There were also no significant associations between alcohol consumption and neural correlates of model-free or model-based decision quantities in either ventral striatum or ventromedial prefrontal cortex. Exploratory whole-brain functional magnetic resonance imaging analyses with a lenient threshold revealed early onset of drinking to be associated with an enhanced representation of model-free reward prediction errors in the posterior putamen. These results suggest that an imbalance between model-based goal-directed and model-free habitual control might rather not be a trait marker of alcohol intake per se.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Nebe
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy; Technische Universität Dresden; Germany
- Neuroimaging Center; Technische Universität Dresden; Germany
| | - Nils B. Kroemer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy; Technische Universität Dresden; Germany
- Neuroimaging Center; Technische Universität Dresden; Germany
| | - Daniel J. Schad
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Germany
- Social and Preventive Medicine, Area of Excellence Cognitive Sciences; University of Potsdam; Germany
| | - Nadine Bernhardt
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy; Technische Universität Dresden; Germany
| | - Miriam Sebold
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Germany
| | - Dirk K. Müller
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy; Technische Universität Dresden; Germany
- Neuroimaging Center; Technische Universität Dresden; Germany
| | - Lucie Scholl
- Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy; Technische Universität Dresden; Germany
| | - Sören Kuitunen-Paul
- Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy; Technische Universität Dresden; Germany
| | - Andreas Heinz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Germany
| | - Michael A. Rapp
- Social and Preventive Medicine, Area of Excellence Cognitive Sciences; University of Potsdam; Germany
| | - Quentin J.M. Huys
- Translational Neuromodeling Unit, Department of Biomedical Engineering; University of Zürich, and Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zürich; Switzerland
- Centre for Addictive Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Hospital of Psychiatry; University of Zürich; Switzerland
| | - Michael N. Smolka
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy; Technische Universität Dresden; Germany
- Neuroimaging Center; Technische Universität Dresden; Germany
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Riedel P, Jacob MJ, Müller DK, Vetter NC, Smolka MN, Marxen M. Amygdala fMRI Signal as a Predictor of Reaction Time. Front Hum Neurosci 2016; 10:516. [PMID: 27790108 PMCID: PMC5061816 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2016.00516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Reaction times (RTs) are a valuable measure for assessing cognitive processes. However, RTs are susceptible to confounds and therefore variable. Exposure to threat, for example, speeds up or slows down responses. Distinct task types to some extent account for differential effects of threat on RTs. But also do inter-individual differences like trait anxiety. In this functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study, we investigated whether activation within the amygdala, a brain region closely linked to the processing of threat, may also function as a predictor of RTs, similar to trait anxiety scores. After threat conditioning by means of aversive electric shocks, 45 participants performed a choice RT task during alternating 30 s blocks in the presence of the threat conditioned stimulus [CS+] or of the safe control stimulus [CS-]. Trait anxiety was assessed with the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and participants were median split into a high- and a low-anxiety subgroup. We tested three hypotheses: (1) RTs will be faster during the exposure to threat compared to the safe condition in individuals with high trait anxiety. (2) The amygdala fMRI signal will be higher in the threat condition compared to the safe condition. (3) Amygdala fMRI signal prior to a RT trial will be correlated with the corresponding RT. We found that, the high-anxious subgroup showed faster responses in the threat condition compared to the safe condition, while the low-anxious subgroup showed no significant difference in RTs in the threat condition compared to the safe condition. Though the fMRI analysis did not reveal an effect of condition on amygdala activity, we found a trial-by-trial correlation between blood-oxygen-level-dependent signal within the right amygdala prior to the CRT task and the subsequent RT. Taken together, the results of this study showed that exposure to threat modulates task performance. This modulation is influenced by personality trait. Additionally and most importantly, activation in the amygdala predicts behavior in a simple task that is performed during the exposure to threat. This finding is in line with "attentional capture by threat"-a model that includes the amygdala as a key brain region for the process that causes the response slowing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Riedel
- Section of Systems Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden Dresden, Germany
| | - Mark J Jacob
- Section of Systems Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden Dresden, Germany
| | - Dirk K Müller
- Section of Systems Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden Dresden, Germany
| | - Nora C Vetter
- Section of Systems Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael N Smolka
- Section of Systems Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael Marxen
- Section of Systems Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden Dresden, Germany
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Garbusow M, Schad DJ, Sebold M, Friedel E, Bernhardt N, Koch SP, Steinacher B, Kathmann N, Geurts DEM, Sommer C, Müller DK, Nebe S, Paul S, Wittchen HU, Zimmermann US, Walter H, Smolka MN, Sterzer P, Rapp MA, Huys QJM, Schlagenhauf F, Heinz A. Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer effects in the nucleus accumbens relate to relapse in alcohol dependence. Addict Biol 2016; 21:719-31. [PMID: 25828702 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In detoxified alcohol-dependent patients, alcohol-related stimuli can promote relapse. However, to date, the mechanisms by which contextual stimuli promote relapse have not been elucidated in detail. One hypothesis is that such contextual stimuli directly stimulate the motivation to drink via associated brain regions like the ventral striatum and thus promote alcohol seeking, intake and relapse. Pavlovian-to-Instrumental-Transfer (PIT) may be one of those behavioral phenomena contributing to relapse, capturing how Pavlovian conditioned (contextual) cues determine instrumental behavior (e.g. alcohol seeking and intake). We used a PIT paradigm during functional magnetic resonance imaging to examine the effects of classically conditioned Pavlovian stimuli on instrumental choices in n = 31 detoxified patients diagnosed with alcohol dependence and n = 24 healthy controls matched for age and gender. Patients were followed up over a period of 3 months. We observed that (1) there was a significant behavioral PIT effect for all participants, which was significantly more pronounced in alcohol-dependent patients; (2) PIT was significantly associated with blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signals in the nucleus accumbens (NAcc) in subsequent relapsers only; and (3) PIT-related NAcc activation was associated with, and predictive of, critical outcomes (amount of alcohol intake and relapse during a 3 months follow-up period) in alcohol-dependent patients. These observations show for the first time that PIT-related BOLD signals, as a measure of the influence of Pavlovian cues on instrumental behavior, predict alcohol intake and relapse in alcohol dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Garbusow
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy; Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte; Germany
| | - Daniel J. Schad
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy; Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte; Germany
| | - Miriam Sebold
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy; Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte; Germany
| | - Eva Friedel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy; Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte; Germany
| | - Nadine Bernhardt
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy; Technische Universität Dresden; Germany
- Neuroimaging Center; Technische Universität Dresden; Dresden Germany
| | - Stefan P. Koch
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy; Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte; Germany
| | - Bruno Steinacher
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Geriatric Psychiatry; Vivantes Wenckebach-Klinikum; Germany
| | - Norbert Kathmann
- Department of Psychology; Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; Germany
| | - Dirk E. M. Geurts
- Radboud University; Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging; Nijmegen The Netherlands
- Radboud University Medical Center; Department of Psychiatry; Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Christian Sommer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy; Technische Universität Dresden; Germany
| | - Dirk K. Müller
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy; Technische Universität Dresden; Germany
- Neuroimaging Center; Technische Universität Dresden; Dresden Germany
| | - Stephan Nebe
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy; Technische Universität Dresden; Germany
- Neuroimaging Center; Technische Universität Dresden; Dresden Germany
| | - Sören Paul
- Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy; Technische Universität Dresden; Germany
| | - Hans-Ulrich Wittchen
- Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy; Technische Universität Dresden; Germany
| | - Ulrich S. Zimmermann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy; Technische Universität Dresden; Germany
| | - Henrik Walter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy; Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte; Germany
| | - Michael N. Smolka
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy; Technische Universität Dresden; Germany
- Neuroimaging Center; Technische Universität Dresden; Dresden Germany
| | - Philipp Sterzer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy; Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte; Germany
| | - Michael A. Rapp
- Social and Preventive Medicine, Area of Excellence Cognitive Sciences; University of Potsdam; Germany
| | - Quentin J. M. Huys
- Centre for Addiction Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Hospital of Psychiatry; University of Zürich; Switzerland
- Translational Neuromodeling Unit, Institute for Biomedical Engineering; University of Zurich and ETH Zurich; Switzerland
| | - Florian Schlagenhauf
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy; Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte; Germany
- Max Planck Fellow Group ‘Cognitive and Affective Control of Behavioral Adaptation’; Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences; Leipzig Germany
| | - Andreas Heinz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy; Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte; Germany
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Marxen M, Jacob MJ, Müller DK, Posse S, Ackley E, Hellrung L, Riedel P, Bender S, Epple R, Smolka MN. Amygdala Regulation Following fMRI-Neurofeedback without Instructed Strategies. Front Hum Neurosci 2016; 10:183. [PMID: 27199706 PMCID: PMC4844623 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2016.00183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Within the field of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) neurofeedback, most studies provide subjects with instructions or suggest strategies to regulate a particular brain area, while other neuro-/biofeedback approaches often do not. This study is the first to investigate the hypothesis that subjects are able to utilize fMRI neurofeedback to learn to differentially modulate the fMRI signal from the bilateral amygdala congruent with the prescribed regulation direction without an instructed or suggested strategy and apply what they learned even when feedback is no longer available. Thirty-two subjects were included in the analysis. Data were collected at 3 Tesla using blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD)-sensitivity optimized multi-echo EPI. Based on the mean contrast between up- and down-regulation in the amygdala in a post-training scan without feedback following three neurofeedback sessions, subjects were able to regulate their amygdala congruent with the prescribed directions with a moderate effect size of Cohen's d = 0.43 (95% conf. int. 0.23-0.64). This effect size would be reduced, however, through stricter exclusion criteria for subjects that show alterations in respiration. Regulation capacity was positively correlated with subjective arousal ratings and negatively correlated with agreeableness and susceptibility to anger. A learning effect over the training sessions was only observed with end-of-block feedback (EoBF) but not with continuous feedback (trend). The results confirm the above hypothesis. Further studies are needed to compare effect sizes of regulation capacity for approaches with and without instructed strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Marxen
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden Dresden, Germany
| | - Mark J Jacob
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden Dresden, Germany
| | - Dirk K Müller
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden Dresden, Germany
| | - Stefan Posse
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Elena Ackley
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Lydia Hellrung
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden Dresden, Germany
| | - Philipp Riedel
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden Dresden, Germany
| | - Stephan Bender
- Medical Faculty, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne Cologne, Germany
| | - Robert Epple
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael N Smolka
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden Dresden, Germany
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Pampel A, Müller DK, Anwander A, Marschner H, Möller HE. Orientation dependence of magnetization transfer parameters in human white matter. Neuroimage 2015; 114:136-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.03.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Revised: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Müller DK, Pampel A, Möller HE. Matrix-algebra-based calculations of the time evolution of the binary spin-bath model for magnetization transfer. J Magn Reson 2013; 230:88-97. [PMID: 23454578 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2013.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2012] [Revised: 01/21/2013] [Accepted: 01/23/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Quantification of magnetization-transfer (MT) experiments are typically based on the assumption of the binary spin-bath model. This model allows for the extraction of up to six parameters (relative pool sizes, relaxation times, and exchange rate constants) for the characterization of macromolecules, which are coupled via exchange processes to the water in tissues. Here, an approach is presented for estimating MT parameters acquired with arbitrary saturation schemes and imaging pulse sequences. It uses matrix algebra to solve the Bloch-McConnell equations without unwarranted simplifications, such as assuming steady-state conditions for pulsed saturation schemes or neglecting imaging pulses. The algorithm achieves sufficient efficiency for voxel-by-voxel MT parameter estimations by using a polynomial interpolation technique. Simulations, as well as experiments in agar gels with continuous-wave and pulsed MT preparation, were performed for validation and for assessing approximations in previous modeling approaches. In vivo experiments in the normal human brain yielded results that were consistent with published data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk K Müller
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Stephanstr. 1a, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
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12
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Streicher MN, Schäfer A, Ivanov D, Müller DK, Amadon A, Reimer E, Huber L, Dhital B, Rivera D, Kögler C, Trampel R, Pampel A, Turner R. Fast accurate MR thermometry using phase referenced asymmetric spin-echo EPI at high field. Magn Reson Med 2013; 71:524-33. [DOI: 10.1002/mrm.24681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Markus N. Streicher
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences; Stephanstr. Leipzig Germany
| | - Andreas Schäfer
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences; Stephanstr. Leipzig Germany
| | - Dimo Ivanov
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences; Stephanstr. Leipzig Germany
| | - Dirk K. Müller
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences; Stephanstr. Leipzig Germany
| | - Alexis Amadon
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences; Stephanstr. Leipzig Germany
| | - Enrico Reimer
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences; Stephanstr. Leipzig Germany
| | - Laurentius Huber
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences; Stephanstr. Leipzig Germany
| | - Bibek Dhital
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences; Stephanstr. Leipzig Germany
| | - Debra Rivera
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences; Stephanstr. Leipzig Germany
| | - Carsten Kögler
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences; Stephanstr. Leipzig Germany
| | - Robert Trampel
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences; Stephanstr. Leipzig Germany
| | - André Pampel
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences; Stephanstr. Leipzig Germany
| | - Robert Turner
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences; Stephanstr. Leipzig Germany
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Mohammadi S, Möller HE, Kugel H, Müller DK, Deppe M. Correcting eddy current and motion effects by affine whole-brain registrations: Evaluation of three-dimensional distortions and comparison with slicewise correction. Magn Reson Med 2010; 64:1047-56. [DOI: 10.1002/mrm.22501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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