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D’herde J, Gruijthuijsen W, Vanneste D, Draulans V, Heynen H. "I Could Not Manage This Long-Term, Absolutely Not." Aging in Place, Informal Care, COVID-19, and the Neighborhood in Flanders (Belgium). Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:ijerph18126482. [PMID: 34208493 PMCID: PMC8296385 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18126482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Public health and care policies across OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) countries increasingly encourage aging in place, enabled by both formal care networks, and informal (family) care and social solidarity in the neighborhood. However, little is known about how a person’s neighborhood might affect their aging in place. The COVID-19 crisis unintendedly offered a good opportunity to observe the neighborhood’s role in the provision of care. Since formal care services were often limited during the lockdown, informal caregiving may have increased. However, intergenerational contacts in and outside of the household were strongly discouraged by governments worldwide, adding another layer of complexity to caregiving. The aim of this qualitative study was to assess how informal caregivers in Flanders managed to provide care to their care receivers, and what role the neighborhood played in this provision of care. Sixteen qualitative Skype and telephone interviews with informal caregivers were conducted between June and December 2020 to understand their experiences and coping strategies. Overall, most respondents increased their frequency of caregiving during the first lockdown. They took on the extra care needs during the lockdown themselves, and did not actively invoke any kind of neighborhood support. The significance of the neighborhood seemingly remained limited. This was often not because no help was offered, but rather due to a sense of pride or the fear of infection, and an increased effort by family caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob D’herde
- Department of Architecture, KU Leuven, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium;
- Correspondence: (J.D.); (W.G.)
| | - Wesley Gruijthuijsen
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, KU Leuven, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium;
- Correspondence: (J.D.); (W.G.)
| | - Dominique Vanneste
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, KU Leuven, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium;
| | - Veerle Draulans
- Centre for Sociological Research, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
| | - Hilde Heynen
- Department of Architecture, KU Leuven, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium;
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Kirat N, De Cauwer H, Ceulemans B, Vanneste D, Rossi A. Influenza-associated encephalopathy with extensive reversible restricted diffusion within the white matter. Acta Neurol Belg 2018; 118:553-555. [PMID: 30120684 DOI: 10.1007/s13760-018-1004-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N Kirat
- Department of Neurology, Dimpna Regional Hospital, AZ St Dimpna, JB Stessenstraat 2, 2440, Geel, Belgium
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - H De Cauwer
- Department of Neurology, Dimpna Regional Hospital, AZ St Dimpna, JB Stessenstraat 2, 2440, Geel, Belgium.
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium.
| | - B Ceulemans
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Antwerp University Hospital, University of Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium
| | - D Vanneste
- Department of Radiology, Dimpna Regional Hospital, Geel, Belgium
- Department of Radiology, UZ Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium
| | - A Rossi
- Neuroradiology Unit, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
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Abdellatif R, Demirkapu H, Ferrant L, Maher N, Roex A, Vanneste D, De Maesschalck S, Hendrickx K. 1.10-P17Developing a diversity curriculum in medical education: a story of interuniversity collaboration in Belgium. Eur J Public Health 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/cky048.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - N Maher
- Kom op tegen Kanker, Belgium
| | - A Roex
- University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - S De Maesschalck
- Ghent University, Dep. of Family Medicine and Primary Healthcare, Belgium
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Bosch L, Bosch B, De Boeck K, Nawrot T, Meyts I, Vanneste D, Le Bourlegat CA, Croda J, da Silva Filho LVRF. Cystic fibrosis carriership and tuberculosis: hints toward an evolutionary selective advantage based on data from the Brazilian territory. BMC Infect Dis 2017; 17:340. [PMID: 28499359 PMCID: PMC5429554 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-017-2448-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The reason why Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is the most common fatal genetic disease among Caucasians has been incompletely studied. We aimed at deepening the hypothesis that CF carriers have a relative protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection. Methods Applying spatial epidemiology, we studied the link between CF carriership rate and tuberculosis (TB) incidence in Brazil. We corrected for 5 potential environmental and 2 immunological confounders in this relation: monthly income, sanitary provisions, literacy rates, racial composition and population density along with AIDS incidence rates and diabetes mellitus type 2. Smoking data were incomplete and not available for analysis. Results A significant, negative correlation between CF carriership rate and TB incidence, independent of any of the seven confounders was found. Conclusion We provide exploratory support for the hypothesis that carrying a single CFTR mutation arms against Mtb infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lander Bosch
- Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Downing Place, Cambridge, CB2 3EN, UK.,Fundação Oswaldo Cruz Mato Grosso do Sul, Rua Gabriel Abrão s/n, Jardim das Nações, Campo Grande, MS, 79081-746, Brazil
| | - Barbara Bosch
- St Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Disease, Rockefeller branch, Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA. .,Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Kris De Boeck
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tim Nawrot
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Martelarenlaan 42, 3500, Hasselt, Belgium.,Department of Public Health & Primary Care, Occupational & Environmental Medicine, KULeuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Meyts
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dominique Vanneste
- Division of Geography, KULeuven, Celestijnenlaan 200E, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Cleonice Alexandre Le Bourlegat
- Mestrado e Doutorado em Desenvolvimento Local, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Av. Tamandaré 6000, Jardim Seminário, Campo Grande, MS, 70117-900, Brazil
| | - Julio Croda
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz Mato Grosso do Sul, Rua Gabriel Abrão s/n, Jardim das Nações, Campo Grande, MS, 79081-746, Brazil.,Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Grande Dourados, Rodovia Dourados, Itahum km 12, Cidade Universitaria, Cx. Postal 533, Dourados, MS, 79804-970, Brazil
| | - Luiz Vicente Ribeiro Ferreira da Silva Filho
- Instituto da Criança, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo Medical School, Av. Dr. Enéas Carvalho de Aguiar 647, São Paulo, SP, 05403-000, Brazil.,Instituto de Ensino e Pesquisa, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Av. Albert Einstein 627, Morumbi, São Paulo, SP, 05652-000, Brazil
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Buyck PJ, De Keyzer F, Vanneste D, Wilms G, Thijs V, Demaerel P. CT density measurement and H:H ratio are useful in diagnosing acute cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2013; 34:1568-72. [PMID: 23471024 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a3469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Brain CT is widely used to exclude or confirm acute cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. The purpose of this study was to assess the value of attenuation measurement and the H:H ratio on unenhanced brain CT scans in the diagnosis of acute cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS This retrospective study evaluated 20 patients with acute cerebral venous sinus thrombosis and 20 age- and sex-matched control participants without thrombosis. Three experienced observers independently evaluated the unenhanced brain CT scan for the presence of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis and measured the attenuation in the dural sinuses. Interreader differences were examined, as well as densities and H:H ratio between patients with acute cerebral venous sinus thrombosis and control participants. RESULTS A significant difference in the average sinus attenuation was found between patients with acute cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (73.9 ± 9.2 HU) and the control group (52.8 ± 6.7 HU; P < .0001). A similar difference was found for the H:H ratio (1.91 ± 0.32 vs 1.33 ± 0.12 in patients with and without cerebral venous sinus thrombosis, respectively; P < .0001). Optimal thresholds of 62 HU and 1.52 lead to accuracies of 95% for average sinus attenuation and 97.5% for the H:H ratio, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Hyperattenuation and the H:H ratio in the dural sinuses on unenhanced brain CT scans have a high accuracy in the detection of acute cerebral venous sinus thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- P-J Buyck
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Wilms G, Maldague B, Parizel P, Meylaerts L, Vanneste D, Peluso J. Hypoplasia of L5 and wedging and pseudospondylolisthesis in patients with spondylolysis: study with MR imaging. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2009; 30:674-80. [PMID: 19147712 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a1450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The association between L5 hypoplasia and bilateral spondylolysis was described earlier on conventional radiographs of the lumbar spine. The purpose of this study was to describe the findings on MR imaging in patients with hypoplasia of L5 and to correlate these findings with the presence of bilateral spondylolysis of L5. MATERIAL AND METHODS We studied the MR images of 22 patients with hypoplasia and posterior wedging of L5 and with bilateral spondylolysis at L5. The anteroposterior diameter of L4, L5, and S1 were measured and compared. The degree of posterior wedging of L5 was calculated. The degree of anterolisthesis was determined. The intervertebral disks of L4-L5 and L5-S1 were studied. RESULTS The mean difference between the anteroposterior diameter of L4 and L5 was 3.0 mm, or 8.8% shortening of L5 compared with L4. The mean difference between the anteroposterior diameter of L5 and S1 was 4.4 mm, or 12.3% shortening of L5 compared with S1. The mean percentage posterior wedging was 24.7%. In 13 patients, there was no anterior vertebral slipping. True anterolisthesis grade I was seen in 5 patients and anterolisthesis grade II in 4 patients. Diskarthrosis with disk dehydration of L4-L5 was seen in 20 of the 22 patients. CONCLUSIONS It is confirmed that hypoplasia of L5 can simulate anterolisthesis. Hypoplasia of the vertebral body of L5 can predict the presence of bilateral spondylolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Wilms
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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Abstract
A simple and reliable method to evaluate the density of particles in patch test suspensions is described. The number of particles per unit volume has been found to vary significantly within a wide range of values. These variations have no relation to the concentration or the molecular weight of the substance, as far as particles larger than 10 micron are concerned. Because the presence of particles is one of the factors which can influence percutaneous penetration and since physical manipulations are able to modify the size of these particles, it is suggested that the kinetics of penetration of haptens through the skin should be revaluated with regard to this special point.
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