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Almeida J, Magro C, Rosário AR, Mateus EP, Ribeiro AB. Electrodialytic treatment of secondary mining resources for raw materials extraction: Reactor design assessment. Sci Total Environ 2021; 752:141822. [PMID: 32896788 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The sustainability of mining activities is compromised due to the high amounts of mining residues generated that have to be disposed of, often in open dams, that may cause environmental deterioration, e.g. release of toxic elements to water supplies. These residues are, however, secondary resources of raw materials. In the case of Panasqueira mine, they even are a source of tungsten, considered a critical raw material. The present work aims to assess the electrodialytic process efficiency for raw materials extraction from Panasqueira mine residues. Experiments were performed with 2 and 3-compartment electrodialytic reactors, applying current intensities between 50 and 100 mA, from 4 to 14 days, and sample suspensions enhanced with NaCl or effluent. Additionally, control experiments with no current application were carried out. The results showed that a 3-compartment reactor operating at 100 mA, with NaCl as supporting electrolyte, presented the highest extraction of copper (13%), tin (10%), tungsten (13%) and arsenic (63%).
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Affiliation(s)
- J Almeida
- CENSE, Department of Sciences and Environmental Engineering, School of Sciences and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
| | - C Magro
- CENSE, Department of Sciences and Environmental Engineering, School of Sciences and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - A R Rosário
- CENSE, Department of Sciences and Environmental Engineering, School of Sciences and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - E P Mateus
- CENSE, Department of Sciences and Environmental Engineering, School of Sciences and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - A B Ribeiro
- CENSE, Department of Sciences and Environmental Engineering, School of Sciences and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
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Almeida J, Craveiro R, Faria P, Silva AS, Mateus EP, Barreiros S, Paiva A, Ribeiro AB. Electrodialytic removal of tungsten and arsenic from secondary mine resources - Deep eutectic solvents enhancement. Sci Total Environ 2020; 710:136364. [PMID: 31926419 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Tungsten is a critical raw material for European and U.S. economies. Tungsten mine residues, usually considered an environmental burden due to e.g. arsenic content, are also secondary tungsten resources. The electrodialytic (ED) process and deep eutectic solvents (DES) have been successfully and independently applied for the extraction of metals from different complex environmental matrices. In this study a proof of concept demonstrates that coupling DES in a two-compartment ED set-up enhances the removal and separation of arsenic and tungsten from Panasqueira mine secondary resources. Choline chloride with malonic acid (1:2), and choline chloride with oxalic acid (1:1) were the DES that in batch extracted the average maximum contents of arsenic (16%) and tungsten (9%) from the residues. However, when ED was operated at a current intensity of 100 mA for 4 days, the extraction yields increased 22% for arsenic and 11% for tungsten, comparing to the tests with no current. From the total arsenic and tungsten extracted, 82% and 77% respectively were successfully removed from the matrix compartment, as they electromigrated to the anolyte compartment, from where these elements can be further separated. This achievement potentiates circular economy, as the final treated residue could be incorporated in construction materials production, mitigating current environmental problems in both mining and construction sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Almeida
- CENSE, Department of Sciences and Environmental Engineering, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica Campus, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; CERIS and Department of Civil Engineering, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica Campus, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
| | - R Craveiro
- LAQV@REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica Campus, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - P Faria
- CERIS and Department of Civil Engineering, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica Campus, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - A S Silva
- Department of Materials, National Laboratory for Civil Engineering, 1700-066 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - E P Mateus
- CENSE, Department of Sciences and Environmental Engineering, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica Campus, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - S Barreiros
- LAQV@REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica Campus, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - A Paiva
- LAQV@REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica Campus, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - A B Ribeiro
- CENSE, Department of Sciences and Environmental Engineering, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica Campus, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
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Magro C, Paz-Garcia JM, Ottosen LM, Mateus EP, Ribeiro AB. Sustainability of construction materials: Electrodialytic technology as a tool for mortars production. J Hazard Mater 2019; 363:421-427. [PMID: 30336414 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Revised: 09/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The reduction of tap water consumption in all activity sectors, including the building industry, is crucial to the sustainability of water resources. Effluents from wastewater treatment plants have the potential to replace freshwater in the construction sector but they contain a critical mixture of impurities, which hampers their use in mortars production. In this work, the viability of using effluent as an alternative to potable water for the production of mortars, after electrodialytic treatment, was assessed. Electrodialytic technology (ED-T) is a proven technique for decontamination of porous and aqueous matrices. ED-T experiments were conducted with 500 mL of effluent for 6, 12 and 24 h, with a current intensity of 25 mA. The results showed that after ED-T 6 h, the removal efficiencies of critical components were above 85% of their initial concentrations. Mortar properties such as setting time, workability, flexural strength, compressive strength and morphology were obtained for 100% effluent and tap water/effluent mixtures (50:50) with and without ED-T pre-treatment. The mortars with the ED-T treated effluent showed similar initial setting times and workability, higher flexural and compressive strength compared to the mortars reference.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Magro
- CENSE, Departamento de Ciências e Engenharia do Ambiente, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica, 2829-516, Portugal; Department of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - J M Paz-Garcia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - L M Ottosen
- Department of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - E P Mateus
- CENSE, Departamento de Ciências e Engenharia do Ambiente, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica, 2829-516, Portugal
| | - A B Ribeiro
- CENSE, Departamento de Ciências e Engenharia do Ambiente, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica, 2829-516, Portugal.
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Ribeiro AB, Rodríguez-Maroto JM, Mateus EP, Velizarova E, Ottosen LM. Modeling of electrodialytic and dialytic removal of Cr, Cu and As from CCA-treated wood chips. Chemosphere 2007; 66:1716-26. [PMID: 16930668 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2006] [Revised: 07/04/2006] [Accepted: 07/07/2006] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
A one-dimensional model is developed for simulating the electrodialytic and dialytic treatment of a saturated bed of wood chips containing chromium, copper and arsenic. The movement of Cr, Cu and As is mathematically modeled taking into account the diffusion transport resulting from the concentration gradients of their compounds and the electromigration of their ionic, simple and complex species during the operation. The model also includes the electromigration of the non-contaminant principal ionic species in the system, H(+) and OH(-), proceeding from the electrolysis at the electrodes, Na(+) and NO(3)(-) used as electrolyte solutions in the electrode compartments, and oxalate ions and protons incorporated with the oxalic acid solution during wood chips incubation. The model simulation also takes into account that OH(-) generated on the cathode, during electrodialytic remediation, is periodically neutralized by addition of nitric acid in the cathode compartment. The anion and cation-exchange membranes are simply represented as ionic filters that preclude the transport of co-ions (the cations and anions respectively) with the exception of H(+), which is retarded but considered to pass through the anion-exchange membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- A B Ribeiro
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, New University of Lisbon, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
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Ribeiro AB, Rodríguez-Maroto JM, Mateus EP, Gomes H. Removal of organic contaminants from soils by an electrokinetic process: the case of atrazine. Experimental and modeling. Chemosphere 2005; 59:1229-39. [PMID: 15857634 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.11.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2004] [Revised: 11/13/2004] [Accepted: 11/17/2004] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The atrazine behaviour in soils when submitted to an electric field was studied and the applicability of the electrokinetic process in atrazine soil remediation was evaluated. Two polluted soils were used, respectively with and without atrazine residues, being the last one spiked. Four electrokinetic experiments were carried out at a laboratory scale. Determination of atrazine residues were performed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results show that the electrokinetic process is able to remove efficiently atrazine in soil solution, mainly towards the anode compartment: Estimations show that 30-50% of its initial amount is removed from the soil within the first 24h. A one-dimensional model is developed for simulating the electrokinetic treatment of a saturated soil containing atrazine. The movement of atrazine is modelized taking into account the diffusion transport resulting from atrazine concentration gradients and the reversed electro-osmotic flow at acidic soil pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- A B Ribeiro
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, New University of Lisbon, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
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