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Abstract
The protein population of cassava root layers was characterized by SDS-PAGE and bidimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. SDS-Page revealed the presence of a protein population in the molecular weight range between 94 and 20 kDa. The expression pattern of these proteins was well-defined within the different layers. Partial protein sequence analyses and preliminary results on the layer-specific expression pattern obtained with Northern analyses are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- C R B De Souza
- Embrapa-Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia-CENARGEN, Parque Estação Biológica, PqEB-Final Av. W5 Norte, 70770-900 Brasília-DF, Brazil
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2
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Vincentz M, Leite A, Neshich G, Vriend G, Mattar C, Barros L, Weinberg D, de Almeida ER, de Carvalho MP, Aragão F, Gander ES. ACGT and vicilin core sequences in a promoter domain required for seed-specific expression of a 2S storage protein gene are recognized by the opaque-2 regulatory protein. Plant Mol Biol 1997; 34:879-889. [PMID: 9290640 DOI: 10.1023/a:1005874404706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The expression of Brazil nut storage albumin genes is highly regulated during seed development. Several sequences in the promoter of one of these genes show homologies with the target sites of the maize O2 bZIP regulatory protein. We therefore asked whether the O2 protein would recognize these promoter sequences. We show that the O2 protein binds to three different sequences (F1, F2 and F3). F1 and F3 are hybrid C/G and A/G boxes, respectively, that are homologous to the O2-binding site of a maize alpha-zein gene. F2 is a new O2-binding sequence related to the O2 target sites of the Coix alpha-coxin, the maize b-32 genes and the AP-1 pseudopalindrome. Molecular modelling showed that an Asn and a Ser in the 02 DNA binding domain make different base-specific contacts with each operator. 5' Promoter deletions of the be2S1 gene showed that the domain containing the O2 target sites F1 and F2 is required for detectable reporter gene expression in transgenic tobacco seeds. Moreover, the homologous coix O2 protein was shown to in situ transactivate the promoter region encompassing the three O2-binding sites F1, F2 and F3. Thus, these sites may be in vivo regulatory sequences mediating activation by bZIP regulatory proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Vincentz
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Centro Nacional de Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, SAIN, Brasilia-DF, Brazil
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3
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Marcellino LH, Neshich G, Grossi de Sá MF, Krebbers E, Gander ES. Modified 2S albumins with improved tryptophan content are correctly expressed in transgenic tobacco plants. FEBS Lett 1996; 385:154-8. [PMID: 8647241 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(96)00375-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Brazil nut 2S albumins lack the essential amino acid tryptophan. In order to improve the protein's nutritional value and create a basis for structural investigations, three separate modified Brazil nut 2S albumin genes were constructed. The first mutant contains five consecutive tryptophan codons, while the other two modified genes encode proteins carrying single tryptophan residues at sites that will allow confirmation of the predicted protein structure through fluorescence quenching techniques. The modified genes, under the regulation of the CaMV 35S promoter, were introduced into Nicotiana tabacum. All three modified genes were correctly transcribed and the 2S albumin accumulated in the seeds of transgenic plants.
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4
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Dusi DM, Dubald M, de Almeida ER, Caldas LS, Gander ES. Transgenic plants of ramie (Boehmeria nivea Gaud.) obtained by Agrobacterium mediated transformation. Plant Cell Rep 1993; 12:625-628. [PMID: 24201876 DOI: 10.1007/bf00232812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/1993] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A regeneration and transformation protocol for ramie (Boehmeria nivea Gaud.) is presented. Regeneration was obtained from leaf discs placed on solid B-5 medium (Gamborg et al. 1968) containing adequate concentrations of auxin and cytokinin. Co-cultivation of leaf discs with Agrobacterium tumefaciens and subsequent regeneration resulted in transgenic plants as shown by Southern blot and analysis of expression of the GUS-marker gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Dusi
- EMBRAPA/CENARGEN, SAIN Parque Rural, C.P. 02372, 70849-970, Brasília DF, Brasil
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5
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Abstract
Protozoa of the family Trypanosomatidae are pathogenic agents of human and animal diseases. Fine structure, compaction pattern, and histone content of the soluble chromatin were investigated in procyclic forms of Trypanosoma cruzi (Chagas disease, S. America) and T. brucei brucei (Nagana disease, Africa) in comparison with rat liver chromatin. At low ionic strength chromatin was present as nucleosome filaments. Condensation into compact fibers (solenoid) was complete for rat chromatin at 100 mM salt concentration while chromatin of T. cruzi showed less condensation (tangle formation), and that of T.b. brucei did barely condense under identical experimental conditions. In general, the nucleosomes of trypanosomes, especially T.b. brucei, seemed to be less regularly arranged than those of the higher eukaryote. Addition of histone H1-containing fractions of rat liver chromatin increased the compaction of T. cruzi chromatin but had no influence on T.b. brucei chromatin. SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed histone H1 and the 4 core histones in rat liver chromatin. Neither in T. cruzi nor T.b. brucei were proteins identical to rat histone H1 present. Differences existed also in molecular weight of core histones between rat and trypanosomes, as well as between T. cruzi and T.b. brucei. These differences might explain species-specific differences in the fine structural organization and compaction pattern of the chromatin of the rat, T. cruzi, and T.b. brucei.
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Astolfi Filho S, De Sá MF, Gander ES. Protein synthesis in purified trypo- and epimastigote forms of Trypanosoma cruzi. Acta Trop 1984; 41:109-15. [PMID: 6206701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
In order to develop the experimental background for studies on the differentiation of the medically important lower eukaryote, Trypanosoma cruzi, the polypeptides synthesized by purified epimastigotes and trypomastigotes were examined. The in vivo synthesized proteins were compared with polypeptides synthesized in reticulocyte lysate systems programmed with total RNA of the two forms. Qualitative and quantitative differences between the protein populations of the two forms were detected. The most prominent differences concern three proteins of 73,000, 64,000 and 55,000 daltons. The possible use of these proteins as model systems for studies on differential gene expression is discussed.
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Grossi de Sá MF, de Sá C, Pereira de Almeida ER, Barbosa da Cruz W, Filho SA, Gander ES. Optimization of a protein synthesizing lysate system from Trypanosoma cruzi. Mol Biochem Parasitol 1984; 10:347-54. [PMID: 6374451 DOI: 10.1016/0166-6851(84)90032-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A protein-synthesizing lysate system from Trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes analogous to the rabbit reticulocyte lysate system was established. The system was optimized by the 'classical' method where one of the factors is varied while the others are kept constant. With this the following optima were found: [Mg2+]: 1.0 mM, [K+]: 60 mM, T: 25 degrees C, pH: 7.5. This method was compared with the 'sequential simplex' method [Long, D.E. (1969) Anal. Chim. Acta 46,93-100], a method designed to optimize rationally interdependent factors in biological systems. The optima as determined with this method were: [Mg2+]: 1.02 mM, [K+]: 63 mM, T: 25.5 degrees C, pH: 7.25. At these values the system incorporated 43% more amino acids into proteins than a system optimized with the 'classical' method. Fluorographic analysis of the proteins synthesized by the system shows that while proteins in the molecular weight range between 14000 and 45000 are synthesized in amounts comparable to the in vivo situation, the higher molecular weight proteins (greater than 45000) are synthesized in lesser quantities.
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Pereira IS, Filho SA, Gander ES. The influence of chloramphenicol and cycloheximide on protein synthesis of Trypanosoma cruzi. Short communication. Acta Trop 1982; 39:275-9. [PMID: 6128896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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9
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Abstract
A trypanosomatid with a choanomastigote stage and, therefore, belonging to the genus Crithidia, was isolated in culture from the alimentary tract of the hemipteran genus Zelus. The trypanosomatid was able to grow at 37 C, a characteristic reported to date from only 2 other members of Crithidia, C hutneri and C. luciliae thermophila. Subsequently, the flagellate was cloned for biochemical studies which involved cleaving of kDNA by restriction endonucleases and analyses of the isoenzyme and histone patterns. In all the attributes revealed by the foregoing methods, the organism from Zelus differed from the latter 2 congeneric species. On these and morphologic grounds, this organism appears to belong in a new species for which the name Crithidia brasiliensis sp. n. is proposed.
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Abstract
The chromatin structure of Trypanosoma cruzi was investigated. It was found that, as in other eukaryotes, the chromatin is organized in repeating units, the nucleosomes containing about 200 base pairs of DNA associated with histones. While there is no difference in the DNA size in nucleosomes from T. cruzi and from rat liver nuclei, the histone population of T. cruzi differs in various aspects. Of particular interest is the presence of two basic proteins, possibly histone H1 subcomponents, with very high electrophoretic mobilities.
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Filho SA, Pereira de Almeida ER, Gander ES. The influence of hydroxyurea and colchicine on growth and morphology of Trypanosoma cruzi. Acta Trop 1978; 35:229-37. [PMID: 31776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cultures of Trypanosoma cruzi have been exposed to the drugs hydroxyurea and colchicine. We found that hydroxyurea (200 microgram/ml) completely inhibited growth and differentiation of T. cruzi Y strain. Colchicine (200 microgram/ml) reduced the growth of T. cruzi 30% and stimulated cell differentiation from epimastigotes to trypomastigotes. Furthermore it caused anuclear cells with apparently intact kinetoplasts. The possible use of these anuclear forms in studies on kinetoplast DNA organization and expression is suggested.
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Mueller RU, Chow V, Gander ES. Characterization of the protein moiety of messenger ribonucleoprotein complexes from duck reticulocytes by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Eur J Biochem 1977; 77:287-95. [PMID: 408136 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1977.tb11667.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The protein moiety of duck globin messenger ribonucleoprotein complexes isolated by oligo(dT)-cellulose chromatography or by sucrose gradient centrifugation was analysed by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under conditions where the separation in the first dimension occurs according to charge and in the second according to molecular weight. By comparing the pattern of protein from the mRNA - protein complex with that of ribosomal subunits we found that two acidic proteins with an identical molecular weight of about 49 000 and three basic proteins of about Mr 56 000, 64 000 and 73 000 were associated with the duck globin mRNA but were absent from either puromycin/high-salt-derived or 'run-off' ribosomal subunits. The comparison of the proteins from the complex with mRNA with those found in the 0.5 M KCl wash, commonly used as the source of initiation factors, showed also that only the 49 000-Mr protein from the complex could possibly be present in the 0.5 M KCl wash of polyribosomes; proteins with mobilities similar to the other three proteins complexed with mRNA were not detected in the salt wash of polyribosomes.
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Gander ES, Mueller RU, Goldenberg S, Morel C. EDTA-and puromycin-derived duck- and rabbit globin-messenger ribonucleoprotein complexes isolated by oligo (dT)-cellulose chromatography. Mol Biol Rep 1975; 2:343-9. [PMID: 814407 DOI: 10.1007/bf00357022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Duck- and rabbit globin messenger ribonucleoprotein complexes isolated by oligo(dT) cellulose chromatography reveal an identical protein pattern-two main proteins of molecular weights of 73,000 and 49,000 daltons and minor components-whether the complexes have been liberated from polyribosomes with the EDTA- or the puromycin-high-salt method. In the globin messenger ribonucleoprotein particles of both species predominantly the protein with a molecular weight of 73,000 daltons is attached to poly(A)-containing regions of the messenger RNAs.
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Gander ES, Stewart AG, Morel CM, Scherrer K. Isolation and characterization of ribosome-free cytoplasmic messenger-ribonucleoprotein complexes from avian erythroblasts. Eur J Biochem 1973; 38:443-52. [PMID: 4772669 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1973.tb03078.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Morel C, Gander ES, Herzberg M, Dubochet J, Scherrer K. The duck-globin messenger-ribonucleoprotein complex. Resistance to high ionic strength, particle gel electrophoresis, composition and visualisation by dark-field electron microscopy. Eur J Biochem 1973; 36:455-64. [PMID: 4738397 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1973.tb02930.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Stewart AG, Gander ES, Morel C, Luppis B, Scherrer K. Differential translation of duck- and rabbit-globin messenger RNAs in reticulocyte-lysate systems. Eur J Biochem 1973; 34:205-12. [PMID: 4711204 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1973.tb21105.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Gander ES, Luppis B, Stewart A, Scherrer K. Dissociation and reassociation of globin-synthesizing polyribosomes from immature avian red cells. Eur J Biochem 1972; 29:369-76. [PMID: 4628225 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1972.tb01998.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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18
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von Matt CA, Fuenfschilling H, Moppert JM, Gander ES. Comparative determination of liver acid phosphatase activity in decapitated and perfused rats. Histochemie 1971; 25:72-6. [PMID: 5554988 DOI: 10.1007/bf00303948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Gander ES, Moppert JM. [Dimethyl sulfoxide induced permeability changes of the lysosomal membranes studied by quantitative and qualitative acid phosphatase techniques]. Histochemie 1969; 20:211-4. [PMID: 5372677 DOI: 10.1007/bf00306008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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