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Yilmaz I, Tavukcuoglu E, Horzum U, Yilmaz KB, Akinci M, Gulcelik MA, Oral HB, Esendagli G. Immune checkpoint status and exhaustion-related phenotypes of CD8 + T cells from the tumor-draining regional lymph nodes in breast cancer. Cancer Med 2023; 12:22196-22205. [PMID: 38069525 PMCID: PMC10757146 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Functional status of T cells determines the responsiveness of cancer patients to immunotherapeutic interventions. Even though T cell-mediated immunity is inaugurated in the tumor-adjacent lymph nodes, peripheral blood has been routinely sampled for testing the immunological assays. The purpose of this study is to determine the immune checkpoint molecule expression and the exhaustion-related phenotype of cytotoxic T cells in the regional lymph nodes from breast cancer patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS Multicolor immunophenotyping was used to determine the expression of PD-1, TIM-3, LAG3, CTLA-4, CCR7, CD45RO, CD127, CD25, CXCR5, and ICOS molecules on CD3+ CD4- CD56- CD8+ cytotoxic T cells freshly obtained from the lymph nodes and the peripheral blood samples of the breast cancer patients. The results were assessed together with the clinical data. RESULTS A population of cytotoxic T cells was noted with high PD-1 and CXCR5 expression in the lymph nodes of the breast cancer patients. Co-expression of PD-1, CXCR5, TIM-3, and ICOS indicated a follicular helper T cell (Tfh)-like, exhaustion-related immunophenotype in these cytotoxic T cells. Only a minor population with CTLA-4 and LAG3 expression was noted. The PD-1+ CXCR5+ cytotoxic T cells largely displayed CD45RO+ CCR7+ central memory markers. The amount of CXCR5-expressing PD-1- cytotoxic T cells was elevated in the lymph nodes of the patients. CONCLUSION The regional lymph nodes of breast cancer patients harbor Tfh-like exhausted cytotoxic T lymphocytes with high PD-1 and TIM-3 checkpoint molecule expression. The immunological conditions in the regional lymph nodes should be implicated for immune checkpoint immunotherapy (ICI) of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izel Yilmaz
- Department of Medical Immunology, Institute of Health SciencesBursa Uludag UniversityBursaTurkey
- Department of Basic OncologyHacettepe University Cancer InstituteAnkaraTurkey
| | - Ece Tavukcuoglu
- Department of Basic OncologyHacettepe University Cancer InstituteAnkaraTurkey
| | - Utku Horzum
- Department of Basic OncologyHacettepe University Cancer InstituteAnkaraTurkey
| | - Kerim Bora Yilmaz
- Department of General Surgery, Gulhane Training and Research HospitalUniversity of Health SciencesAnkaraTurkey
- Department of Medical and Surgical ResearchHacettepe University Institute of Health SciencesAnkaraTurkey
| | - Melih Akinci
- Department of General Surgery, Gulhane Training and Research HospitalUniversity of Health SciencesAnkaraTurkey
| | - Mehmet Ali Gulcelik
- Department of General Surgery, Gulhane Training and Research HospitalUniversity of Health SciencesAnkaraTurkey
| | - Haluk Barbaros Oral
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of MedicineBursa Uludag UniversityBursaTurkey
| | - Gunes Esendagli
- Department of Basic OncologyHacettepe University Cancer InstituteAnkaraTurkey
- Department of Medical and Surgical ResearchHacettepe University Institute of Health SciencesAnkaraTurkey
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2
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Tavukcuoglu E, Yanik H, Parveen M, Uluturk S, Durusu-Tanriover M, Inkaya AC, Akova M, Unal S, Esendagli G. Human memory T cell dynamics after aluminum-adjuvanted inactivated whole-virion SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4610. [PMID: 36944716 PMCID: PMC10028771 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31347-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
This study evaluates the functional capacity of CD4+ and CD8+ terminally-differentiated effector (TEMRA), central memory (TCM), and effector memory (TEM) cells obtained from the volunteers vaccinated with an aluminum-adjuvanted inactivated whole-virion SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (CoronaVac). The volunteers were followed for T cell immune responses following the termination of a randomized phase III clinical trial. Seven days and four months after the second dose of the vaccine, the memory T cell subsets were collected and stimulated by autologous monocyte-derived dendritic cells (mDCs) loaded with SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein S1. Compared to the placebo group, memory T cells from the vaccinated individuals significantly proliferated in response to S1-loaded mDCs. CD4+ and CD8+ memory T cell proliferation was detected in 86% and 78% of the vaccinated individuals, respectively. More than 73% (after a short-term) and 62% (after an intermediate-term) of the vaccinated individuals harbored TCM and/or TEM cells that responded to S1-loaded mDCs by secreting IFN-γ. The expression of CD25, CD38, 4-1BB, PD-1, and CD107a indicated a modulation in the memory T cell subsets. Especially on day 120, PD-1 was upregulated on CD4+ TEMRA and TCM, and on CD8+ TEM and TCM cells; accordingly, proliferation and IFN-γ secretion capacities tended to decline after 4 months. In conclusion, the combination of inactivated whole-virion particles with aluminum adjuvants possesses capacities to induce functional T cell responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ece Tavukcuoglu
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, 06100, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hamdullah Yanik
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, 06100, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mubaida Parveen
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, 06100, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sila Uluturk
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, 06100, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mine Durusu-Tanriover
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Cagkan Inkaya
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Murat Akova
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Serhat Unal
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gunes Esendagli
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, 06100, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey.
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3
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Anthiya S, Öztürk SC, Yanik H, Tavukcuoglu E, Sahin A, Datta D, Charisse K, Álvarez DM, Loza M, Calvo A, Sulheim E, Loevenich S, Klinkenberg G, Schmid R, Manoharan M, Esendağlı G, Alonso MJ. Targeted siRNA lipid nanoparticles for the treatment of KRAS-mutant tumors. J Control Release 2023; 357:67-83. [PMID: 36921725 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
K-RAS is a highly relevant oncogene that is mutated in approximately 90% of pancreatic cancers and 20-25% of lung adenocarcinomas. The aim of this work was to develop a new anti-KRAS siRNA therapeutic strategy through the engineering of functionalized lipid nanoparticles (LNPs). To do this, first, a potent pan anti-KRAS siRNA sequence was chosen from the literature and different chemical modifications of siRNA were tested for their transfection efficacy (KRAS knockdown) and anti-proliferative effects on various cancer cell lines. Second, a selected siRNA candidate was loaded into tLyp-1 targeted and non-targeted lipid nanoparticles (LNPs). The biodistribution and antitumoral efficacy of selected siRNA-loaded LNP-prototypes were evaluated in vivo using a pancreatic cancer murine model (subcutaneous xenograft CFPAC-1 tumors). Our results show that tLyp-1-tagged targeted LNPs have an enhanced accumulation in the tumor compared to non-targeted LNPs. Moreover, a significant reduction in the pancreatic tumor growth was observed when the anti-KRAS siRNA treatment was combined with a classical chemotherapeutic agent, gemcitabine. In conclusion, our work demonstrates the benefits of using a targeting approach to improve tumor accumulation of siRNA-LNPs and its positive impact on tumor reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubaash Anthiya
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Süleyman Can Öztürk
- Research and Application Center for Animal Experiments, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hamdullah Yanik
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ece Tavukcuoglu
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Adem Sahin
- R&D Department of ILKO Pharmaceuticals, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Dhrubajyoti Datta
- Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, 675 West Kendall, Cambridge, MA 02142, United States
| | - Klaus Charisse
- Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, 675 West Kendall, Cambridge, MA 02142, United States
| | - David Moreira Álvarez
- BioFarma Research Group, CIMUS, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Mabel Loza
- BioFarma Research Group, CIMUS, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Alfonso Calvo
- Health Research Institute of Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain; Department of Histology and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Einar Sulheim
- Department of Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, SINTEF Industry, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Simon Loevenich
- Department of Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, SINTEF Industry, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Geir Klinkenberg
- Department of Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, SINTEF Industry, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ruth Schmid
- Department of Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, SINTEF Industry, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Muthiah Manoharan
- Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, 675 West Kendall, Cambridge, MA 02142, United States
| | - Güneş Esendağlı
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Maria Jose Alonso
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain; Department of Pharmacology Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain.
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4
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Unver N, Tavukcuoglu E, Esendagli G. Tailored modulation of stemness and drug resistance marker characteristics in K-Ras mutant lung cancer cells via PD-L1 gene suppression. Life Sci 2022; 311:121171. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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5
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Kursunel MA, Taskiran EZ, Tavukcuoglu E, Yanik H, Demirag F, Karaosmanoglu B, Ozbay FG, Uner A, Esendagli D, Kizilgoz D, Yilmaz U, Esendagli G. Small cell lung cancer stem cells display mesenchymal properties and exploit immune checkpoint pathways in activated cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2021; 71:445-459. [PMID: 34228218 PMCID: PMC8783896 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-021-02998-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive tumor type with early dissemination and distant metastasis capacity. Even though optimal chemotherapy responses are observed initially in many patients, therapy resistance is almost inevitable. Accordingly, SCLC has been regarded as an archetype for cancer stem cell (CSC) dynamics. To determine the immune-modulatory influence of CSC in SCLC, this study focused on the characterization of CD44+CD90+ CSC-like subpopulations in SCLC. These cells displayed mesenchymal properties, differentiated into different lineages and further contributed to CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) responses. The interaction between CD44+CD90+ CSC-like cells and T cells led to the upregulation of checkpoint molecules PD-1, CTLA-4, TIM-3, and LAG3. In the patient-derived lymph nodes, CD44+ SCLC metastases were also observed with T cells expressing PD-1, TIM-3, or LAG3. Proliferation and IFN-γ expression capacity of TIM-3 and LAG3 co-expressing CTLs are adversely affected over long-time co-culture with CD44+CD90+ CSC-like cells. Moreover, especially through IFN-γ secreted by the T cells, the CSC-like SCLC cells highly expressed PD-L1 and PD-L2. Upon a second encounter with immune-experienced, IFN-γ-stimulated CSC-like SCLC cells, both cytotoxic and proliferation capacities of T cells were hampered. In conclusion, our data provide evidence for the superior potential of the SCLC cells with stem-like and mesenchymal properties to gain immune regulatory capacities and cope with cytotoxic T cell responses. With their high metastatic and immune-modulatory assets, the CSC subpopulation in SCLC may serve as a preferential target for checkpoint blockade immunotherapy
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Affiliation(s)
- M Alper Kursunel
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, 06100, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey.
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Rossle Str. 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Ekim Z Taskiran
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ece Tavukcuoglu
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, 06100, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hamdullah Yanik
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, 06100, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Funda Demirag
- Department of Pathology, Atatürk Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Beren Karaosmanoglu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Feyza Gul Ozbay
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, 06100, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aysegul Uner
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Dorina Esendagli
- Department of Chest Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Derya Kizilgoz
- Department of Chest Diseases, Atatürk Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ulku Yilmaz
- Department of Chest Diseases, Atatürk Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gunes Esendagli
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, 06100, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey.
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6
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Tonbul H, Sahin A, Tavukcuoglu E, Ultav G, Akbas S, Aktas Y, Esendaglı G, Capan Y. Folic acid decoration of mesoporous silica nanoparticles to increase cellular uptake and cytotoxic activity of doxorubicin in human breast cancer cells. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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7
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Tavukcuoglu E, Horzum U, Cagkan Inkaya A, Unal S, Esendagli G. Functional responsiveness of memory T cells from COVID-19 patients. Cell Immunol 2021; 365:104363. [PMID: 33905951 PMCID: PMC8052500 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2021.104363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The presence of memory T cells in COVID-19 patients has been acknowledged, however the functional potency of memory responses is critical for protection. In this study, naïve, effector, effector memory, and central memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells obtained from the COVID-19 survivors were re-exposed to autologous monocyte-derived DCs that were loaded with SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein S1. Proliferation capacity, CD25, 4-1BB, and PD-1 expression, and IFN-γ, IL-6, granzyme, granulysin, and FasL secretion were enhanced in CD4+ and CD8+ effector memory and central memory T cells. Albeit being at heterogeneous levels, the memory T cells from the individuals with COVID-19 history possess functional capacities to reinvigorate anti-viral immunity against SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ece Tavukcuoglu
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Utku Horzum
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Cagkan Inkaya
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Serhat Unal
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gunes Esendagli
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey.
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8
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Tavukcuoglu E, Horzum U, Yanik H, Uner A, Yoyen-Ermis D, Nural SK, Aydin B, Sokmensuer C, Karakoc D, Yilmaz KB, Hamaloglu E, Esendagli G. Human splenic polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells (PMN-MDSC) are strategically located immune regulatory cells in cancer. Eur J Immunol 2020; 50:2067-2074. [PMID: 32691408 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202048666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
In contrast to the mouse, functional assets of polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells (PMN-MDSC) in the human spleen remain to be better elucidated. Here, we report that the spleen in gastric and pancreatic cancer adopts an immune regulatory character, harbors excessive amount of PMN-MDSC, and anatomically enables their interaction with T cells. Compared to the peripheral blood, the spleen from cancer patients contained significantly higher levels of low-density PMN-MDSC, but not early-stage MDSC (e-MDSC) and monocytic-MDSC (M-MDSC). Low-density fraction of polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells was enriched in immature myeloid cells and displayed higher levels of CD10, CD16, and ROS than their blood-derived counterparts. They were also positive for PD-L1, LOX-1, and pSTAT3. The white pulp and periarteriolar lymphoid sheath (PALS) were strategically surrounded by PMN cells that were in contact with T cells. Unlike those from the blood, both low-density and normal-density PMN cells from the human spleen suppressed T cell proliferation and IFN-γ production. Independent of clinical grade, high PMN-MDSC percentages were associated with decreased survival in gastric cancer. In summary, our results outline the immune regulatory role of the spleen in cancer where neutrophils acquire MDSC functions and feasibly interact with T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ece Tavukcuoglu
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Utku Horzum
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hamdullah Yanik
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aysegul Uner
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Digdem Yoyen-Ermis
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Safa K Nural
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Busra Aydin
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey.,Department of Medical and Surgical Research, Institute of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Cenk Sokmensuer
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Derya Karakoc
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.,Department of Medical and Surgical Research, Institute of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Kerim Bora Yilmaz
- Department of Medical and Surgical Research, Institute of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.,Department of General Surgery, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Research and Training Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Erhan Hamaloglu
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.,Department of Medical and Surgical Research, Institute of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gunes Esendagli
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey.,Department of Medical and Surgical Research, Institute of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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9
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Ozturk K, Arslan FB, Tavukcuoglu E, Esendagli G, Calis S. Aggregation of chitosan nanoparticles in cell culture: Reasons and resolutions. Int J Pharm 2020; 578:119119. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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10
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Tavukcuoglu E, Horzum U, Yilmaz KB, Esendagli G. PD-L2 + wound zone macrophage-like cells display M1/M2-mixed activation and restrain the effector Th1 responses. Immunol Cell Biol 2020; 98:152-164. [PMID: 31845380 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Depending on the microenvironment conditions, macrophages display phenotypic and functional heterogeneity. This study characterized the programmed cell death-ligand 2 (PD-L2)-expressing macrophage-like cells drained from surgical wound zones, and investigated their influence on helper T (Th) cell responses. Although all CD14+ myeloid cells possessed macrophage-like features, CD206+ and CD163+ cells constituted a specific subpopulation with high PD-L2 expression. There was a modest correlation between the PD-L2 levels on CD206+ macrophages and the amount of interferon (IFN)-γ in the drainage fluid. The adhesion-independent macrophages simultaneously presented both classically-activated M1 and alternatively-activated M2 characteristics. CD206+ and PD-L2+ cells were identified with high granularity and size, expressed arginase-1 and costimulatory molecules, had enhanced phagocytic activity and produced reactive oxygen species. The genes associated with macrophage differentiation (MERTK, AXL and TYRO3) were also upregulated. These cells provided costimulation to Th cells; yet, when PD-L2 was blocked, T-cell proliferation and IFNγ production were enhanced. Under defined conditions devoid of activation stimuli and matrix adhesion, ex vivo-generated monocyte-derived macrophages displayed limited capacity to stimulate T cells. Upon exposure to IFNγ, they significantly upregulated programmed death 1 ligands, especially PD-L2. These cells did not completely abrogate T-cell differentiation; however, PD-L2 checkpoint blockade restored Th1 proliferation and secretion of interleukin-2, tumor necrosis factor-α and IFNγ. In conclusion, upregulation of PD-L2 on the wound zone macrophages may constitute a negative feedback loop that restrains the Th1 effector responses and avoids exacerbation of inflammation during tissue healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ece Tavukcuoglu
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Utku Horzum
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Kerim B Yilmaz
- Department of Medical and Surgical Research, Institute of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.,Department of General Surgery, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gunes Esendagli
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey.,Department of Medical and Surgical Research, Institute of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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11
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Tonbul H, Sahin A, Tavukcuoglu E, Esendagli G, Capan Y. Combination drug delivery with actively-targeted PLGA nanoparticles to overcome multidrug resistance in breast cancer. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2019.101380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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12
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Yoyen-Ermis D, Tunali G, Tavukcuoglu E, Horzum U, Ozkazanc D, Sutlu T, Buyukasik Y, Esendagli G. Myeloid maturation potentiates STAT3-mediated atypical IFN-γ signaling and upregulation of PD-1 ligands in AML and MDS. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11697. [PMID: 31406210 PMCID: PMC6691003 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48256-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Interferon (IFN)-γ is the major mediator of anti-tumor immune responses; nevertheless, cancer cells use intrigue strategies to alter IFN-γ signaling and avoid elimination. Understanding the immune regulatory mechanisms employed by acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) cells upon exposure to IFN-γ is critical for development of immunotherapy and checkpoint blockade therapy approaches. This study aims to explore the influence of myeloid maturation on IFN-γ-induced PD-L1 and PD-L2 expression and on pro-leukemogenic transcription factor STAT3 signaling in AML and MDS. Stimulation of myeloid blasts’ maturation by all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) or 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (vitamin D) increased the CD11b+ fraction that expressed PD-1 ligands in response to IFN-γ. Intriguingly, STAT3 pathway was potently induced by IFN-γ and strengthened upon prolonged exposure. Nonetheless, STAT3-mediated atypical IFN-γ signaling appeared as a negligible factor for PD-L1 and PD-L2 expression. These negative influences of IFN-γ could be alleviated by a small-molecule inhibitor of STAT3, stattic, which also inhibited the upregulation of PD-L1. In conclusion, induction of myeloid maturation enhances the responsiveness of AML and MDS cells to IFN-γ. However, these malignant myeloid cells can exploit both STAT3 pathway and PD-1 ligands to survive IFN-γ-mediated immunity and maintain secondary immune resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Digdem Yoyen-Ermis
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey.,Lokman Hekim University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gurcan Tunali
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ece Tavukcuoglu
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Utku Horzum
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Didem Ozkazanc
- Nanotechnology Research and Application Center, Sabanci University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tolga Sutlu
- Nanotechnology Research and Application Center, Sabanci University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yahya Buyukasik
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gunes Esendagli
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey.
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13
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Taskiran EZ, Sonmez HE, Kosukcu C, Tavukcuoglu E, Yazici G, Esendagli G, Batu ED, Kiper POS, Bilginer Y, Alikasifoglu M, Ozen S. A Novel Missense LIG4 Mutation in a Patient With a Phenotype Mimicking Behçet's Disease. J Clin Immunol 2019; 39:99-105. [PMID: 30617623 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-018-0587-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
DNA ligase IV (LIG4) syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder, manifesting with variable immune deficiency, growth failure, predisposition to malignancy, and cellular sensitivity to ionizing radiation. The facial features are subtle and variable, as well. Herein, we described an 18-year-old boy, the first child of consanguineous parents who presented with Behçet's disease (BD)-like phenotype, developmental delay, and dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor (DNET). Whole-exome sequencing revealed a homozygous p.Arg871His (c.2612G > A) mutation in LIG4. To date, 35 cases have been reported with LIG4 syndrome. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells of the patient displayed notable sensitivity to ionizing radiation. Flow cytometric annexin V-propidium iodide (PI) and eFluor670 proliferation assays showed accelerated radiation-induced apoptosis and diminished proliferation, respectively. To our knowledge, this is the first case presenting with a BD-like phenotype. This case provides further evidence that rare monogenic defects could be the underlying cause of atypical presentations of some well-described disorders. Moreover, this clinical report further expands the phenotypical spectrum of LIG4 deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekim Z Taskiran
- Department of Medical Genetics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hafize E Sonmez
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Rheumatology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, 06100, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Can Kosukcu
- Department of Bioinformatics, Institute of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ece Tavukcuoglu
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gozde Yazici
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gunes Esendagli
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ezgi D Batu
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Rheumatology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, 06100, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Pelin O S Kiper
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Genetics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yelda Bilginer
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Rheumatology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, 06100, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Alikasifoglu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Seza Ozen
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Rheumatology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, 06100, Ankara, Turkey.
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Ozkazanc D, Yoyen-Ermis D, Tavukcuoglu E, Buyukasik Y, Esendagli G. Functional exhaustion of CD4 + T cells induced by co-stimulatory signals from myeloid leukaemia cells. Immunology 2016; 149:460-471. [PMID: 27565576 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Revised: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
To cope with immune responses, tumour cells implement elaborate strategies such as adaptive resistance and induction of T-cell exhaustion. T-cell exhaustion has been identified as a state of hyporesponsiveness that arises under continuous antigenic stimulus. Nevertheless, contribution of co-stimulatory molecules to T-cell exhaustion in cancer remains to be better defined. This study explores the role of myeloid leukaemia-derived co-stimulatory signals on CD4+ T helper (Th) cell exhaustion, which may limit anti-tumour immunity. Here, CD86 and inducible T-cell co-stimulator ligand (ICOS-LG) co-stimulatory molecules that are found on myeloid leukaemia cells supported Th cell activation and proliferation. However, under continuous stimulation, T cells co-cultured with leukaemia cells, but not with peripheral blood monocytes, became functionally exhausted. These in vitro-generated exhausted Th cells were defined by up-regulation of programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4), lymphocyte activation gene 3 (LAG3) and T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (TIM-3) inhibitory receptors. They were reluctant to proliferate upon re-stimulation and produced reduced amounts of interleukin-2 (IL-2), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ). Nonetheless, IL-2 supplementation restored the proliferation capacity of the exhausted Th cells. When the co-stimulation supplied by the myeloid leukaemia cells were blocked, the amount of exhausted Th cells was significantly decreased. Moreover, in the bone marrow aspirates from patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) or myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), a subpopulation of Th cells expressing PD-1, TIM-3 and/or LAG3 was identified together with CD86+ and/or ICOS-LG+ myeloid blasts. Collectively, co-stimulatory signals derived from myeloid leukaemia cells possess the capacity to facilitate functional exhaustion in Th cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didem Ozkazanc
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Digdem Yoyen-Ermis
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ece Tavukcuoglu
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yahya Buyukasik
- Department of Haematology, Hacettepe University Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gunes Esendagli
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey.
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