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Zuntini AR, Carruthers T, Maurin O, Bailey PC, Leempoel K, Brewer GE, Epitawalage N, Françoso E, Gallego-Paramo B, McGinnie C, Negrão R, Roy SR, Simpson L, Toledo Romero E, Barber VMA, Botigué L, Clarkson JJ, Cowan RS, Dodsworth S, Johnson MG, Kim JT, Pokorny L, Wickett NJ, Antar GM, DeBolt L, Gutierrez K, Hendriks KP, Hoewener A, Hu AQ, Joyce EM, Kikuchi IABS, Larridon I, Larson DA, de Lírio EJ, Liu JX, Malakasi P, Przelomska NAS, Shah T, Viruel J, Allnutt TR, Ameka GK, Andrew RL, Appelhans MS, Arista M, Ariza MJ, Arroyo J, Arthan W, Bachelier JB, Bailey CD, Barnes HF, Barrett MD, Barrett RL, Bayer RJ, Bayly MJ, Biffin E, Biggs N, Birch JL, Bogarín D, Borosova R, Bowles AMC, Boyce PC, Bramley GLC, Briggs M, Broadhurst L, Brown GK, Bruhl JJ, Bruneau A, Buerki S, Burns E, Byrne M, Cable S, Calladine A, Callmander MW, Cano Á, Cantrill DJ, Cardinal-McTeague WM, Carlsen MM, Carruthers AJA, de Castro Mateo A, Chase MW, Chatrou LW, Cheek M, Chen S, Christenhusz MJM, Christin PA, Clements MA, Coffey SC, Conran JG, Cornejo X, Couvreur TLP, Cowie ID, Csiba L, Darbyshire I, Davidse G, Davies NMJ, Davis AP, van Dijk KJ, Downie SR, Duretto MF, Duvall MR, Edwards SL, Eggli U, Erkens RHJ, Escudero M, de la Estrella M, Fabriani F, Fay MF, Ferreira PDL, Ficinski SZ, Fowler RM, Frisby S, Fu L, Fulcher T, Galbany-Casals M, Gardner EM, German DA, Giaretta A, Gibernau M, Gillespie LJ, González CC, Goyder DJ, Graham SW, Grall A, Green L, Gunn BF, Gutiérrez DG, Hackel J, Haevermans T, Haigh A, Hall JC, Hall T, Harrison MJ, Hatt SA, Hidalgo O, Hodkinson TR, Holmes GD, Hopkins HCF, Jackson CJ, James SA, Jobson RW, Kadereit G, Kahandawala IM, Kainulainen K, Kato M, Kellogg EA, King GJ, Klejevskaja B, Klitgaard BB, Klopper RR, Knapp S, Koch MA, Leebens-Mack JH, Lens F, Leon CJ, Léveillé-Bourret É, Lewis GP, Li DZ, Li L, Liede-Schumann S, Livshultz T, Lorence D, Lu M, Lu-Irving P, Luber J, Lucas EJ, Luján M, Lum M, Macfarlane TD, Magdalena C, Mansano VF, Masters LE, Mayo SJ, McColl K, McDonnell AJ, McDougall AE, McLay TGB, McPherson H, Meneses RI, Merckx VSFT, Michelangeli FA, Mitchell JD, Monro AK, Moore MJ, Mueller TL, Mummenhoff K, Munzinger J, Muriel P, Murphy DJ, Nargar K, Nauheimer L, Nge FJ, Nyffeler R, Orejuela A, Ortiz EM, Palazzesi L, Peixoto AL, Pell SK, Pellicer J, Penneys DS, Perez-Escobar OA, Persson C, Pignal M, Pillon Y, Pirani JR, Plunkett GM, Powell RF, Prance GT, Puglisi C, Qin M, Rabeler RK, Rees PEJ, Renner M, Roalson EH, Rodda M, Rogers ZS, Rokni S, Rutishauser R, de Salas MF, Schaefer H, Schley RJ, Schmidt-Lebuhn A, Shapcott A, Al-Shehbaz I, Shepherd KA, Simmons MP, Simões AO, Simões ARG, Siros M, Smidt EC, Smith JF, Snow N, Soltis DE, Soltis PS, Soreng RJ, Sothers CA, Starr JR, Stevens PF, Straub SCK, Struwe L, Taylor JM, Telford IRH, Thornhill AH, Tooth I, Trias-Blasi A, Udovicic F, Utteridge TMA, Del Valle JC, Verboom GA, Vonow HP, Vorontsova MS, de Vos JM, Al-Wattar N, Waycott M, Welker CAD, White AJ, Wieringa JJ, Williamson LT, Wilson TC, Wong SY, Woods LA, Woods R, Worboys S, Xanthos M, Yang Y, Zhang YX, Zhou MY, Zmarzty S, Zuloaga FO, Antonelli A, Bellot S, Crayn DM, Grace OM, Kersey PJ, Leitch IJ, Sauquet H, Smith SA, Eiserhardt WL, Forest F, Baker WJ. Phylogenomics and the rise of the angiosperms. Nature 2024:10.1038/s41586-024-07324-0. [PMID: 38658746 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07324-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Angiosperms are the cornerstone of most terrestrial ecosystems and human livelihoods1,2. A robust understanding of angiosperm evolution is required to explain their rise to ecological dominance. So far, the angiosperm tree of life has been determined primarily by means of analyses of the plastid genome3,4. Many studies have drawn on this foundational work, such as classification and first insights into angiosperm diversification since their Mesozoic origins5-7. However, the limited and biased sampling of both taxa and genomes undermines confidence in the tree and its implications. Here, we build the tree of life for almost 8,000 (about 60%) angiosperm genera using a standardized set of 353 nuclear genes8. This 15-fold increase in genus-level sampling relative to comparable nuclear studies9 provides a critical test of earlier results and brings notable change to key groups, especially in rosids, while substantiating many previously predicted relationships. Scaling this tree to time using 200 fossils, we discovered that early angiosperm evolution was characterized by high gene tree conflict and explosive diversification, giving rise to more than 80% of extant angiosperm orders. Steady diversification ensued through the remaining Mesozoic Era until rates resurged in the Cenozoic Era, concurrent with decreasing global temperatures and tightly linked with gene tree conflict. Taken together, our extensive sampling combined with advanced phylogenomic methods shows the deep history and full complexity in the evolution of a megadiverse clade.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Elaine Françoso
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, UK
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Behaviour, Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Sciences and the Environment, Royal Holloway University of London, London, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Lalita Simpson
- Australian Tropical Herbarium, James Cook University, Smithfield, Queensland, Australia
| | | | | | - Laura Botigué
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Steven Dodsworth
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | | | - Jan T Kim
- School of Physics, Engineering and Computer Science, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK
| | - Lisa Pokorny
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, UK
- Department of Biodiversity and Conservation, Real Jardín Botánico (RJB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Norman J Wickett
- Department of Biological Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA
| | - Guilherme M Antar
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Departamento de Ciências Agrárias e Biológicas, Centro Universitário Norte do Espírito Santo, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, São Mateus, Brazil
| | | | | | - Kasper P Hendriks
- Department of Biology, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Alina Hoewener
- Plant Biodiversity, Technical University Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Ai-Qun Hu
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, UK
| | - Elizabeth M Joyce
- Australian Tropical Herbarium, James Cook University, Smithfield, Queensland, Australia
- Systematic, Biodiversity and Evolution of Plants, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Izai A B S Kikuchi
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Drew A Larson
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Elton John de Lírio
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jing-Xia Liu
- Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | | | - Natalia A S Przelomska
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, UK
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Toral Shah
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, UK
| | | | | | - Gabriel K Ameka
- Department of Plant and Environmental Biology, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Rose L Andrew
- Botany and N.C.W. Beadle Herbarium, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Marc S Appelhans
- Department of Systematics, Biodiversity and Evolution of Plants, Albrecht-von-Haller Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Montserrat Arista
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - María Jesús Ariza
- General Research Services, Herbario SEV, CITIUS, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Juan Arroyo
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | | | | | - C Donovan Bailey
- Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, USA
| | - Helen F Barnes
- Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Matthew D Barrett
- Australian Tropical Herbarium, James Cook University, Smithfield, Queensland, Australia
| | - Russell L Barrett
- National Herbarium of NSW, Botanic Gardens of Sydney, Mount Annan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Randall J Bayer
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Michael J Bayly
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ed Biffin
- State Herbarium of South Australia, Botanic Gardens and State Herbarium, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | | | - Joanne L Birch
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Diego Bogarín
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Jardín Botánico Lankester, Universidad de Costa Rica, Cartago, Costa Rica
| | | | | | - Peter C Boyce
- Centro Studi Erbario Tropicale, Dipartimento di Biologia, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | | | - Linda Broadhurst
- Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research, National Research Collections Australia, CSIRO, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Gillian K Brown
- Queensland Herbarium and Biodiversity Science, Brisbane Botanic Gardens, Toowong, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jeremy J Bruhl
- Botany and N.C.W. Beadle Herbarium, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anne Bruneau
- Institut de Recherche en Biologie Végétale and Département de Sciences Biologiques, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sven Buerki
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, Boise, ID, USA
| | - Edie Burns
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, UK
| | - Margaret Byrne
- Biodiversity and Conservation Science, Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions, Government of Western Australia, Kensington, Western Australia, Australia
| | | | - Ainsley Calladine
- State Herbarium of South Australia, Botanic Gardens and State Herbarium, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | | | - Ángela Cano
- Cambridge University Botanic Garden, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Warren M Cardinal-McTeague
- Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | | | - Alejandra de Castro Mateo
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Mark W Chase
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, UK
- Department of Environment and Agriculture, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
| | | | | | - Shilin Chen
- Institute of Herbgenomics, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Maarten J M Christenhusz
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, UK
- Department of Environment and Agriculture, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Plant Gateway, Den Haag, The Netherlands
| | - Pascal-Antoine Christin
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Mark A Clements
- Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research, National Research Collections Australia, CSIRO, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Skye C Coffey
- Western Australian Herbarium, Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions, Government of Western Australia, Kensington, Western Australia, Australia
| | - John G Conran
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Xavier Cornejo
- Herbario GUAY, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad de Guayaquil, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | | | - Ian D Cowie
- Northern Territory Herbarium Department of Environment Parks & Water Security, Northern Territory Government, Palmerston, Northern Territory, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Kor-Jent van Dijk
- The University of Adelaide, North Terrace Campus, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Stephen R Downie
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Marco F Duretto
- National Herbarium of NSW, Botanic Gardens of Sydney, Mount Annan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Melvin R Duvall
- Department of Biological Sciences and Institute for the Study of the Environment, Sustainability and Energy, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, USA
| | | | - Urs Eggli
- Sukkulenten-Sammlung Zürich/ Grün Stadt Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Roy H J Erkens
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Maastricht Science Programme, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- System Earth Science, Maastricht University, Venlo, The Netherlands
| | - Marcial Escudero
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Manuel de la Estrella
- Departamento de Botánica, Ecología y Fisiología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | | | | | - Paola de L Ferreira
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Rachael M Fowler
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sue Frisby
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, UK
| | - Lin Fu
- South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Mercè Galbany-Casals
- Systematics and Evolution of Vascular Plants (UAB)-Associated Unit to CSIC by IBB, Departament de Biologia Animal, Biologia Vegetal i Ecologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Elliot M Gardner
- Department of Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Augusto Giaretta
- Faculdade de Ciências Biológicas e Ambientais, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Dourados, Brazil
| | - Marc Gibernau
- Laboratoire Sciences Pour l'Environnement, Université de Corse, Ajaccio, France
| | | | - Cynthia C González
- Herbario Trelew, Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco, Trelew, Argentina
| | | | - Sean W Graham
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | | | - Bee F Gunn
- Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Diego G Gutiérrez
- Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales (MACN-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jan Hackel
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, UK
- Department of Biology, Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Haevermans
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France
| | - Anna Haigh
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, UK
| | - Jocelyn C Hall
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Tony Hall
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, UK
| | - Melissa J Harrison
- Australian Tropical Herbarium, James Cook University, Smithfield, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Oriane Hidalgo
- Institut Botànic de Barcelona (IBB CSIC-Ajuntament de Barcelona), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Trevor R Hodkinson
- Botany, School of Natural Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gareth D Holmes
- Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | | | - Shelley A James
- Western Australian Herbarium, Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions, Government of Western Australia, Kensington, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Richard W Jobson
- National Herbarium of NSW, Botanic Gardens of Sydney, Mount Annan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Gudrun Kadereit
- Prinzessin Therese von Bayern-Lehrstuhl für Systematik, Biodiversität & Evolution der Pflanzen, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Botanische Staatssammlung München, Botanischer Garten München-Nymphenburg, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | - Masahiro Kato
- National Museum of Nature and Science, Tsukuba, Japan
| | | | - Graham J King
- Southern Cross University, Lismore, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | | | - Ronell R Klopper
- Foundational Biodiversity Science Division, South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, South Africa
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | | | - Marcus A Koch
- Centre for Organismal Studies, Biodiversity and Plant Systematics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Frederic Lens
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - De-Zhu Li
- Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Lan Li
- CSIRO, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | | | - Tatyana Livshultz
- Department of Biodiversity, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Academy of Natural Science, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David Lorence
- National Tropical Botanical Garden, Kalaheo, HI, USA
| | - Meng Lu
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, UK
| | - Patricia Lu-Irving
- National Herbarium of NSW, Botanic Gardens of Sydney, Mount Annan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jaquelini Luber
- Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Mabel Lum
- Bioplatforms Australia Ltd, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Terry D Macfarlane
- Western Australian Herbarium, Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions, Government of Western Australia, Kensington, Western Australia, Australia
| | | | - Vidal F Mansano
- Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Kristina McColl
- National Herbarium of NSW, Botanic Gardens of Sydney, Mount Annan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Angela J McDonnell
- Department of Biological Sciences, Saint Cloud State University, Saint Cloud, MN, USA
| | - Andrew E McDougall
- The University of Adelaide, North Terrace Campus, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Todd G B McLay
- Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hannah McPherson
- National Herbarium of NSW, Botanic Gardens of Sydney, Mount Annan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rosa I Meneses
- Instituto de Arqueología y Antropología, Universidad Católica del Norte, San Pedro de Atacama, Chile
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Taryn L Mueller
- Department of Ecology, Evolution & Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - Klaus Mummenhoff
- Department of Biology, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Jérôme Munzinger
- AMAP Lab, Université Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, CNRS INRAE, Montpellier, France
| | - Priscilla Muriel
- Laboratorio de Ecofisiología, Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Daniel J Murphy
- Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Katharina Nargar
- Australian Tropical Herbarium, James Cook University, Smithfield, Queensland, Australia
- Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research, National Research Collections Australia, CSIRO, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Lars Nauheimer
- Australian Tropical Herbarium, James Cook University, Smithfield, Queensland, Australia
| | - Francis J Nge
- State Herbarium of South Australia, Botanic Gardens and State Herbarium, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Reto Nyffeler
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Andrés Orejuela
- Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Grupo de Investigación en Recursos Naturales Amazónicos, Instituto Tecnológico del Putumayo, Mocoa, Colombia
| | - Edgardo M Ortiz
- Plant Biodiversity, Technical University Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Luis Palazzesi
- Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales (MACN-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ariane Luna Peixoto
- Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Jaume Pellicer
- Institut Botànic de Barcelona (IBB CSIC-Ajuntament de Barcelona), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Darin S Penneys
- Department of Biology and Marine Biology, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, NC, USA
| | | | - Claes Persson
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Marc Pignal
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France
| | - Yohan Pillon
- LSTM Université Montpellier, CIRADIRD, Montpellier, France
| | - José R Pirani
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Carmen Puglisi
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, UK
- Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ming Qin
- South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Richard K Rabeler
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Matthew Renner
- National Herbarium of NSW, Botanic Gardens of Sydney, Mount Annan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Eric H Roalson
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Michele Rodda
- National Parks Board, Singapore Botanic Gardens, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Saba Rokni
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, UK
| | - Rolf Rutishauser
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Miguel F de Salas
- Tasmanian Herbarium, University of Tasmania, Sandy Bay, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Hanno Schaefer
- Plant Biodiversity, Technical University Munich, Freising, Germany
| | | | - Alexander Schmidt-Lebuhn
- Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research, National Research Collections Australia, CSIRO, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Alison Shapcott
- School of Science Technology and Engineering, Center for Bioinnovation, University Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Kelly A Shepherd
- Western Australian Herbarium, Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions, Government of Western Australia, Kensington, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Mark P Simmons
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - André O Simões
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | | | - Michelle Siros
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, UK
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Eric C Smidt
- Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - James F Smith
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, Boise, ID, USA
| | - Neil Snow
- Pittsburg State University, Pittsburg, KS, USA
| | - Douglas E Soltis
- Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Pamela S Soltis
- Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | | | - Julian R Starr
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | - Ian R H Telford
- Botany and N.C.W. Beadle Herbarium, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Andrew H Thornhill
- Botany and N.C.W. Beadle Herbarium, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia
- State Herbarium of South Australia, Botanic Gardens and State Herbarium, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Ifeanna Tooth
- National Herbarium of NSW, Botanic Gardens of Sydney, Mount Annan, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Frank Udovicic
- Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Jose C Del Valle
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - G Anthony Verboom
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bolus Herbarium, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Helen P Vonow
- State Herbarium of South Australia, Botanic Gardens and State Herbarium, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | | | - Jurriaan M de Vos
- Department of Environmental Sciences-Botany, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Michelle Waycott
- State Herbarium of South Australia, Botanic Gardens and State Herbarium, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Cassiano A D Welker
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Adam J White
- Australian National Herbarium, Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research, National Research Collections Australia, CSIRO, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | | | - Luis T Williamson
- The University of Adelaide, North Terrace Campus, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Trevor C Wilson
- National Herbarium of NSW, Botanic Gardens of Sydney, Mount Annan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sin Yeng Wong
- Institute of Biodiversity And Environmental Conservation, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Samarahan, Malaysia
| | - Lisa A Woods
- National Herbarium of NSW, Botanic Gardens of Sydney, Mount Annan, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Stuart Worboys
- Australian Tropical Herbarium, James Cook University, Smithfield, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Ya Yang
- University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | | | - Meng-Yuan Zhou
- Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | | | | | - Alexandre Antonelli
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, UK
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Darren M Crayn
- Australian Tropical Herbarium, James Cook University, Smithfield, Queensland, Australia
| | - Olwen M Grace
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, UK
- Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | | | - Hervé Sauquet
- National Herbarium of NSW, Botanic Gardens of Sydney, Mount Annan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Stephen A Smith
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Wolf L Eiserhardt
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, UK
- Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - William J Baker
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, UK.
- Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
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Mirnezami AH, Drami I, Glyn T, Sutton PA, Tiernan J, Behrenbruch C, Guerra G, Waters PS, Woodward N, Applin S, Charles SJ, Rose SA, Denys A, Pape E, van Ramshorst GH, Baker D, Bignall E, Blair I, Davis P, Edwards T, Jackson K, Leendertse PG, Love-Mott E, MacKenzie L, Martens F, Meredith D, Nettleton SE, Trotman MP, van Hecke JJM, Weemaes AMJ, Abecasis N, Angenete E, Aziz O, Bacalbasa N, Barton D, Baseckas G, Beggs A, Brown K, Buchwald P, Burling D, Burns E, Caycedo-Marulanda A, Chang GJ, Coyne PE, Croner RS, Daniels IR, Denost QD, Drozdov E, Eglinton T, Espín-Basany E, Evans MD, Flatmark K, Folkesson J, Frizelle FA, Gallego MA, Gil-Moreno A, Goffredo P, Griffiths B, Gwenaël F, Harris DA, Iversen LH, Kandaswamy GV, Kazi M, Kelly ME, Kokelaar R, Kusters M, Langheinrich MC, Larach T, Lydrup ML, Lyons A, Mann C, McDermott FD, Monson JRT, Neeff H, Negoi I, Ng JL, Nicolaou M, Palmer G, Parnaby C, Pellino G, Peterson AC, Quyn A, Rogers A, Rothbarth J, Abu Saadeh F, Saklani A, Sammour T, Sayyed R, Smart NJ, Smith T, Sorrentino L, Steele SR, Stitzenberg K, Taylor C, Teras J, Thanapal MR, Thorgersen E, Vasquez-Jimenez W, Waller J, Weber K, Wolthuis A, Winter DC, Brangan G, Vimalachandran D, Aalbers AGJ, Abdul Aziz N, Abraham-Nordling M, Akiyoshi T, Alahmadi R, Alberda W, Albert M, Andric M, Angeles M, Antoniou A, Armitage J, Auer R, Austin KK, Aytac E, Baker RP, Bali M, Baransi S, Bebington B, Bedford M, Bednarski BK, Beets GL, Berg PL, Bergzoll C, Biondo S, Boyle K, Bordeianou L, Brecelj E, Bremers AB, Brunner M, Bui A, Burgess A, Burger JWA, Campain N, Carvalhal S, Castro L, Ceelen W, Chan KKL, Chew MH, Chok AK, Chong P, Christensen HK, Clouston H, Collins D, Colquhoun AJ, Constantinides J, Corr A, Coscia M, Cosimelli M, Cotsoglou C, Damjanovic L, Davies M, Davies RJ, Delaney CP, de Wilt JHW, Deutsch C, Dietz D, Domingo S, Dozois EJ, Duff M, Egger E, Enrique-Navascues JM, Espín-Basany E, Eyjólfsdóttir B, Fahy M, Fearnhead NS, Fichtner-Feigl S, Fleming F, Flor B, Foskett K, Funder J, García-Granero E, García-Sabrido JL, Gargiulo M, Gava VG, Gentilini L, George ML, George V, Georgiou P, Ghosh A, Ghouti L, Giner F, Ginther N, Glover T, Golda T, Gomez CM, Harris C, Hagemans JAW, Hanchanale V, Harji DP, Helbren C, Helewa RM, Hellawell G, Heriot AG, Hochman D, Hohenberger W, Holm T, Holmström A, Hompes R, Hornung B, Hurton S, Hyun E, Ito M, Jenkins JT, Jourand K, Kaffenberger S, Kapur S, Kanemitsu Y, Kaufman M, Kelley SR, Keller DS, Kersting S, Ketelaers SHJ, Khan MS, Khaw J, Kim H, Kim HJ, Kiran R, Koh CE, Kok NFM, Kontovounisios C, Kose F, Koutra M, Kraft M, Kristensen HØ, Kumar S, Lago V, Lakkis Z, Lampe B, Larsen SG, Larson DW, Law WL, Laurberg S, Lee PJ, Limbert M, Loria A, Lynch AC, Mackintosh M, Mantyh C, Mathis KL, Margues CFS, Martinez A, Martling A, Meijerink WJHJ, Merchea A, Merkel S, Mehta AM, McArthur DR, McCormick JJ, McGrath JS, McPhee A, Maciel J, Malde S, Manfredelli S, Mikalauskas S, Modest D, Morton JR, Mullaney TG, Navarro AS, Neto JWM, Nguyen B, Nielsen MB, Nieuwenhuijzen GAP, Nilsson PJ, Nordkamp S, O’Dwyer ST, Paarnio K, Pappou E, Park J, Patsouras D, Peacock O, Pfeffer F, Piqeur F, Pinson J, Poggioli G, Proud D, Quinn M, Oliver A, Radwan RW, Rajendran N, Rao C, Rasheed S, Rasmussen PC, Rausa E, Regenbogen SE, Reims HM, Renehan A, Rintala J, Rocha R, Rochester M, Rohila J, Rottoli M, Roxburgh C, Rutten HJT, Safar B, Sagar PM, Sahai A, Schizas AMP, Schwarzkopf E, Scripcariu D, Scripcariu V, Seifert G, Selvasekar C, Shaban M, Shaikh I, Shida D, Simpson A, Skeie-Jensen T, Smart P, Smith JJ, Solbakken AM, Solomon MJ, Sørensen MM, Spasojevic M, Steffens D, Stocchi L, Stylianides NA, Swartling T, Sumrien H, Swartking T, Takala H, Tan EJ, Taylor D, Tejedor P, Tekin A, Tekkis PP, Thaysen HV, Thurairaja R, Toh EL, Tsarkov P, Tolenaar J, Tsukada Y, Tsukamoto S, Tuech JJ, Turner G, Turner WH, Tuynman JB, Valente M, van Rees J, van Zoggel D, Vásquez-Jiménez W, Verhoef C, Vierimaa M, Vizzielli G, Voogt ELK, Uehara K, Wakeman C, Warrier S, Wasmuth HH, Weiser MR, Westney OL, Wheeler JMD, Wild J, Wilson M, Yano H, Yip B, Yip J, Yoo RN, Zappa MA. The empty pelvis syndrome: a core data set from the PelvEx collaborative. Br J Surg 2024; 111:znae042. [PMID: 38456677 PMCID: PMC10921833 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znae042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Empty pelvis syndrome (EPS) is a significant source of morbidity following pelvic exenteration (PE), but is undefined. EPS outcome reporting and descriptors of radicality of PE are inconsistent; therefore, the best approaches for prevention are unknown. To facilitate future research into EPS, the aim of this study is to define a measurable core outcome set, core descriptor set and written definition for EPS. Consensus on strategies to mitigate EPS was also explored. METHOD Three-stage consensus methodology was used: longlisting with systematic review, healthcare professional event, patient engagement, and Delphi-piloting; shortlisting with two rounds of modified Delphi; and a confirmatory stage using a modified nominal group technique. This included a selection of measurement instruments, and iterative generation of a written EPS definition. RESULTS One hundred and three and 119 participants took part in the modified Delphi and consensus meetings, respectively. This encompassed international patient and healthcare professional representation with multidisciplinary input. Seventy statements were longlisted, seven core outcomes (bowel obstruction, enteroperineal fistula, chronic perineal sinus, infected pelvic collection, bowel obstruction, morbidity from reconstruction, re-intervention, and quality of life), and four core descriptors (magnitude of surgery, radiotherapy-induced damage, methods of reconstruction, and changes in volume of pelvic dead space) reached consensus-where applicable, measurement of these outcomes and descriptors was defined. A written definition for EPS was agreed. CONCLUSIONS EPS is an area of unmet research and clinical need. This study provides an agreed definition and core data set for EPS to facilitate further research.
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West CT, West MA, Mirnezami AH, Drami I, Denys A, Glyn T, Sutton PA, Tiernan J, Behrenbruch C, Guerra G, Waters PS, Woodward N, Applin S, Charles SJ, Rose SA, Pape E, van Ramshorst GH, Aalbers AGJ, Abdul AN, Abecasis N, Abraham-Nordling M, Akiyoshi T, Alahmadi R, Alberda W, Albert M, Andric M, Angeles M, Angenete E, Antoniou A, Armitage J, Auer R, Austin KK, Aytac E, Aziz O, Bacalbasa N, Baker RP, Bali M, Baransi S, Baseckas G, Bebington B, Bedford M, Bednarski BK, Beets GL, Berg PL, Bergzoll C, Biondo S, Boyle K, Bordeianou L, Brecelj E, Bremers AB, Brown K, Brunner M, Buchwald P, Bui A, Burgess A, Burger JWA, Burling D, Burns E, Campain N, Carvalhal S, Castro L, Caycedo-Marulanda A, Ceelen W, Chan KKL, Chang GJ, Chew MH, Chok AK, Chong P, Christensen HK, Clouston H, Collins D, Colquhoun AJ, Constantinides J, Corr A, Coscia M, Cosimelli M, Cotsoglou C, Coyne PE, Croner RS, Damjanovic L, Daniels IR, Davies M, Davies RJ, Delaney CP, de Wilt JHW, Denost QD, Deutsch C, Dietz D, Domingo S, Dozois EJ, Drozdov E, Duff M, Egger E, Eglinton T, Enrique-Navascues JM, Espín-Basany E, Evans MD, Eyjólfsdóttir B, Fahy M, Fearnhead NS, Fichtner-Feigl S, Flatmark K, Fleming F, Flor B, Folkesson J, Foskett K, Frizelle FA, Funder J, Gallego MA, García-Granero E, García-Sabrido JL, Gargiulo M, Gava VG, Gentilini L, George ML, George V, Georgiou P, Ghosh A, Ghouti L, Gil-Moreno A, Giner F, Ginther N, Glover T, Goffredo P, Golda T, Gomez CM, Griffiths B, Gwenaël F, Harris C, Harris DA, Hagemans JAW, Hanchanale V, Harji DP, Helbren C, Helewa RM, Hellawell G, Heriot AG, Hochman D, Hohenberger W, Holm T, Holmström A, Hompes R, Hornung B, Hurton S, Hyun E, Ito M, Iversen LH, Jenkins JT, Jourand K, Kaffenberger S, Kandaswamy GV, Kapur S, Kanemitsu Y, Kaufman M, Kazi M, Kelley SR, Keller DS, Kelly ME, Kersting S, Ketelaers SHJ, Khan MS, Khaw J, Kim H, Kim HJ, Kiran R, Koh CE, Kok NFM, Kokelaar R, Kontovounisios C, Kose F, Koutra M, Kraft M, Kristensen HØ, Kumar S, Kusters M, Lago V, Lakkis Z, Lampe B, Langheinrich MC, Larach T, Larsen SG, Larson DW, Law WL, Laurberg S, Lee PJ, Limbert M, Loria A, Lydrup ML, Lyons A, Lynch AC, Mackintosh M, Mann C, Mantyh C, Mathis KL, Margues CFS, Martinez A, Martling A, Meijerink WJHJ, Merchea A, Merkel S, Mehta AM, McArthur DR, McCormick JJ, McDermott FD, McGrath JS, McPhee A, Maciel J, Malde S, Manfredelli S, Mikalauskas S, Modest D, Monson JRT, Morton JR, Mullaney TG, Navarro AS, Neeff H, Negoi I, Neto JWM, Nguyen B, Nielsen MB, Nieuwenhuijzen GAP, Nilsson PJ, Nordkamp S, O’Dwyer ST, Paarnio K, Palmer G, Pappou E, Park J, Patsouras D, Peacock A, Pellino G, Peterson AC, Pfeffer F, Piqeur F, Pinson J, Poggioli G, Proud D, Quinn M, Oliver A, Quyn A, Radwan RW, Rajendran N, Rao C, Rasheed S, Rasmussen PC, Rausa E, Regenbogen SE, Reims HM, Renehan A, Rintala J, Rocha R, Rochester M, Rohila J, Rothbarth J, Rottoli M, Roxburgh C, Rutten HJT, Safar B, Sagar PM, Sahai A, Saklani A, Sammour T, Sayyed R, Schizas AMP, Schwarzkopf E, Scripcariu D, Scripcariu V, Seifert G, Selvasekar C, Shaban M, Shaikh I, Shida D, Simpson A, Skeie-Jensen T, Smart NJ, Smart P, Smith JJ, Smith T, Solbakken AM, Solomon MJ, Sørensen MM, Spasojevic M, Steele SR, Steffens D, Stitzenberg K, Stocchi L, Stylianides NA, Swartling T, Sumrien H, Swartking T, Takala H, Tan EJ, Taylor C, Taylor D, Tejedor P, Tekin A, Tekkis PP, Teras J, Thanapal MR, Thaysen HV, Thorgersen E, Thurairaja R, Toh EL, Tsarkov P, Tolenaar J, Tsukada Y, Tsukamoto S, Tuech JJ, Turner G, Turner WH, Tuynman JB, Valente M, van Rees J, van Zoggel D, Vásquez-Jiménez W, Verhoef C, Vierimaa M, Vizzielli G, Voogt ELK, Uehara K, Wakeman C, Warrier S, Wasmuth HH, Weber K, Weiser MR, Westney OL, Wheeler JMD, Wild J, Wilson M, Wolthuis A, Yano H, Yip B, Yip J, Yoo RN, Zappa MA, Winter DC. Empty pelvis syndrome: PelvEx Collaborative guideline proposal. Br J Surg 2023; 110:1730-1731. [PMID: 37757457 PMCID: PMC10805575 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znad301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
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Sheehan A, Dahlen HG, Elmir R, Burns E, Coulton S, Sorensen K, Duff M, Arundell F, Keedle H, Schmied V. The implementation and evaluation of a mentoring program for Bachelor of Midwifery students in the clinical practice environment. Nurse Educ Pract 2023; 70:103687. [PMID: 37385208 DOI: 10.1016/j.nepr.2023.103687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
AIM To describe the implementation and evaluation of a midwife/midwifery student-mentoring program in one Local Health District in Sydney NSW Australia. BACKGROUND Evidence suggests well designed and supported midwife/midwifery student mentorship programs can make a difference to the clinical placement experiences and attrition rates of midwifery students. DESIGN In the evaluation of the mentoring program, we used surveys, focus groups and individual interviews. METHODS Eighty-six participants, including midwife mentors, midwifery students, non-mentor midwives and midwifery managers participated in the evaluation. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics and qualitative data, content analysis. RESULTS The mentoring program increased midwives' mentoring skills and was beneficial to their professional growth and leadership skills. Students reported positive outcomes including someone to talk to, emotional support and a sense of belonging. Mentoring programs require structure, mentor training, organisational support and transparency. CONCLUSION The mentoring program provided benefits to both midwifery mentors and students and demonstrated the value of a structured and supported mentoring program for midwifery students.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sheehan
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Parramatta South Campus, Western Sydney University NSW Australia, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith NSW 2751, Australia.
| | - H G Dahlen
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Parramatta South Campus, Western Sydney University NSW Australia, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith NSW 2751, Australia
| | - R Elmir
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Parramatta South Campus, Western Sydney University NSW Australia, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith NSW 2751, Australia
| | - E Burns
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Parramatta South Campus, Western Sydney University NSW Australia, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith NSW 2751, Australia
| | - S Coulton
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Parramatta South Campus, Western Sydney University NSW Australia, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith NSW 2751, Australia
| | - K Sorensen
- South Western Sydney Local Health District, Australia
| | - M Duff
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Parramatta South Campus, Western Sydney University NSW Australia, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith NSW 2751, Australia
| | - F Arundell
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Parramatta South Campus, Western Sydney University NSW Australia, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith NSW 2751, Australia
| | - H Keedle
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Parramatta South Campus, Western Sydney University NSW Australia, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith NSW 2751, Australia
| | - V Schmied
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Parramatta South Campus, Western Sydney University NSW Australia, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith NSW 2751, Australia
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Prescott TAK, Hill R, Mas-Claret E, Gaya E, Burns E. Fungal Drug Discovery for Chronic Disease: History, New Discoveries and New Approaches. Biomolecules 2023; 13:986. [PMID: 37371566 DOI: 10.3390/biom13060986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Fungal-derived drugs include some of the most important medicines ever discovered, and have proved pivotal in treating chronic diseases. Not only have they saved millions of lives, but they have in some cases changed perceptions of what is medically possible. However, now the low-hanging fruit have been discovered it has become much harder to make the kind of discoveries that have characterised past eras of fungal drug discovery. This may be about to change with new commercial players entering the market aiming to apply novel genomic tools to streamline the discovery process. This review examines the discovery history of approved fungal-derived drugs, and those currently in clinical trials for chronic diseases. For key molecules, we discuss their possible ecological functions in nature and how this relates to their use in human medicine. We show how the conservation of drug receptors between fungi and humans means that metabolites intended to inhibit competitor fungi often interact with human drug receptors, sometimes with unintended benefits. We also plot the distribution of drugs, antimicrobial compounds and psychoactive mushrooms onto a fungal tree and compare their distribution to those of all fungal metabolites. Finally, we examine the phenomenon of self-resistance and how this can be used to help predict metabolite mechanism of action and aid the drug discovery process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rowena Hill
- Earlham Institute, Norwich NR4 7UZ, Norfolk, UK
| | | | - Ester Gaya
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond TW9 3AB, Surrey, UK
| | - Edie Burns
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond TW9 3AB, Surrey, UK
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Fahy MR, Kelly ME, Aalbers AGJ, Abdul Aziz N, Abecasis N, Abraham-Nordling M, Akiyoshi T, Alberda W, Albert M, Andric M, Angeles MA, Angenete E, Antoniou A, Auer R, Austin KK, Aytac E, Aziz O, Bacalbasa N, Baker RP, Bali M, Baransi S, Baseckas G, Bebington B, Bedford M, Bednarski BK, Beets GL, Berg PL, Bergzoll C, Beynon J, Biondo S, Boyle K, Bordeianou L, Brecelj E, Bremers AB, Brunner M, Buchwald P, Bui A, Burgess A, Burger JWA, Burling D, Burns E, Campain N, Carvalhal S, Castro L, Caycedo-Marulanda A, Ceelan W, Chan KKL, Chang GJ, Chang M, Chew MH, Chok AY, Chong P, Clouston H, Codd M, Collins D, Colquhoun AJ, Constantinides J, Corr A, Coscia M, Cosimelli M, Cotsoglou C, Coyne PE, Croner RS, Damjanovich L, Daniels IR, Davies M, Delaney CP, de Wilt JHW, Denost Q, Deutsch C, Dietz D, Domingo S, Dozois EJ, Drozdov E, Duff M, Eglinton T, Enriquez-Navascues JM, Espín-Basany E, Evans MD, Eyjólfsdóttir B, Fearnhead NS, Ferron G, Flatmark K, Fleming FJ, Flor B, Folkesson J, Frizelle FA, Funder J, Gallego MA, Gargiulo M, García-Granero E, García-Sabrido JL, Gargiulo M, Gava VG, Gentilini L, George ML, George V, Georgiou P, Ghosh A, Ghouti L, Gil-Moreno A, Giner F, Ginther DN, Glyn T, Glynn R, Golda T, Griffiths B, Harris DA, Hagemans JAW, Hanchanale V, Harji DP, Helewa RM, Hellawell G, Heriot AG, Hochman D, Hohenberger W, Holm T, Hompes R, Hornung B, Hurton S, Hyun E, Ito M, Iversen LH, Jenkins JT, Jourand K, Kaffenberger S, Kandaswamy GV, Kapur S, Kanemitsu Y, Kazi M, Kelley SR, Keller DS, Ketelaers SHJ, Khan MS, Kiran RP, Kim H, Kim HJ, Koh CE, Kok NFM, Kokelaar R, Kontovounisios C, Kose F, Koutra M, Kristensen HØ, Kroon HM, Kumar S, Kusters M, Lago V, Lampe B, Lakkis Z, Larach JT, Larkin JO, Larsen SG, Larson DW, Law WL, Lee PJ, Limbert M, Loria A, Lydrup ML, Lyons A, Lynch AC, Maciel J, Manfredelli S, Mann C, Mantyh C, Mathis KL, Marques CFS, Martinez A, Martling A, Mehigan BJ, Meijerink WJHJ, Merchea A, Merkel S, Mehta AM, Mikalauskas S, McArthur DR, McCormick JJ, McCormick P, McDermott FD, McGrath JS, Malde S, Mirnezami A, Monson JRT, Navarro AS, Negoi I, Neto JWM, Ng JL, Nguyen B, Nielsen MB, Nieuwenhuijzen GAP, Nilsson PJ, Nordkamp S, Nugent T, Oliver A, O’Dwyer ST, O’Sullivan NJ, Paarnio K, Palmer G, Pappou E, Park J, Patsouras D, Peacock O, Pellino G, Peterson AC, Pinson J, Poggioli G, Proud D, Quinn M, Quyn A, Rajendran N, Radwan RW, Rajendran N, Rao C, Rasheed S, Rausa E, Regenbogen SE, Reims HM, Renehan A, Rintala J, Rocha R, Rochester M, Rohila J, Rothbarth J, Rottoli M, Roxburgh C, Rutten HJT, Safar B, Sagar PM, Sahai A, Saklani A, Sammour T, Sayyed R, Schizas AMP, Schwarzkopf E, Scripcariu D, Scripcariu V, Selvasekar C, Shaikh I, Simpson A, Skeie-Jensen T, Smart NJ, Smart P, Smith JJ, Solbakken AM, Solomon MJ, Sørensen MM, Sorrentino L, Steele SR, Steffens D, Stitzenberg K, Stocchi L, Stylianides NA, Swartling T, Spasojevic M, Sumrien H, Sutton PA, Swartking T, Takala H, Tan EJ, Taylor C, Tekin A, Tekkis PP, Teras J, Thaysen HV, Thurairaja R, Thorgersen EB, Toh EL, Tsarkov P, Tsukada Y, Tsukamoto S, Tuech JJ, Turner WH, Tuynman JB, Valente M, van Ramshorst GH, van Zoggel D, Vasquez-Jimenez W, Vather R, Verhoef C, Vierimaa M, Vizzielli G, Voogt ELK, Uehara K, Urrejola G, Wakeman C, Warrier SK, Wasmuth HH, Waters PS, Weber K, Weiser MR, Wheeler JMD, Wild J, Williams A, Wilson M, Wolthuis A, Yano H, Yip B, Yip J, Yoo RN, Zappa MA, Winter DC. Minimum standards of pelvic exenterative practice: PelvEx Collaborative guideline. Br J Surg 2022; 109:1251-1263. [PMID: 36170347 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znac317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This document outlines the important aspects of caring for patients who have been diagnosed with advanced pelvic cancer. It is primarily aimed at those who are establishing a service that adequately caters to this patient group. The relevant literature has been summarized and an attempt made to simplify the approach to management of these complex cases.
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Burns E, Aliar A, Baltatzis M, O'keeffe N, Sheen AJ. V-021 REPORT OF AN ACQUIRED INTERCOSTAL HERNIA REPAIR USING A BILAYER MESH. Br J Surg 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znac308.273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Aim
A 53-year-old male underwent a T10/11 discectomy with partial removal of the right T9 rib. 10 years later, he developed an acquired painful intercostal hernia, worsened by leaning against the defect. CT imaging demonstrated an 8cm hernial defect containing the posterior lobe (segment VII) of the liver with a loss of integrity of the diaphragm.
Methods
Open surgical repair though the original incision was undertaken, with the patient in the left lateral position. The hernia was entirely reducible in this position.
Results
The liver was replaced into the peritoneal cavity, the hernial sac and the weakness at the postero-lateral edge of the diaphragm were then identified. The edges of the hernial sac were dissected off the ribs. An intraperitoneal mesh (SymbotexTM; Medtronic, Lyon) was cut to size, placed, and fixed to the undersurface of the ribs, with a 5cm overlap obtained medially and laterally. Care was taken to avoid damaging the neurovascular bundle and breach of the pleural cavity was not observed.
A bridging mesh was then used to reinforce the repair (VersatexTM; Medtronic, Lyon) with fixation to the ribs using ethibond sutures and cyanoacrylate glue (Glubran®; Viareggio). The repair was checked by Valsalva manoeuver prior to wound closure.
Post operative pain control was achieved using intercostal nerve block and patient-controlled analgesia. A post-operative chest x-ray did not demonstrate a pneumothorax. The patient was discharged on postoperative day 2.
Discussion
The patient experienced no serious postoperative sequelae and was pain free with no hernia at 30 days post-surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Burns
- Department of Surgery, Manchester University NHS Foundation NHS Trust , Manchester , United Kingdom
| | - A Aliar
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Manchester University NHS Foundation NHS Trust , Manchester , United Kingdom
| | - M Baltatzis
- Department of Surgery , Salford Royal NHS Foundation, Manchester , United Kingdom
| | - N O'keeffe
- Department of Anaesthesia, Manchester University NHS Foundation NHS Trust , Manchester , United Kingdom
| | - A J Sheen
- Department of Surgery, Manchester University NHS Foundation NHS Trust , Manchester , United Kingdom
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Bartram C, Braine T, Burns E, Cervantes R, Crisosto N, Du N, Korandla H, Leum G, Mohapatra P, Nitta T, Rosenberg LJ, Rybka G, Yang J, Clarke J, Siddiqi I, Agrawal A, Dixit AV, Awida MH, Chou AS, Hollister M, Knirck S, Sonnenschein A, Wester W, Gleason JR, Hipp AT, Jois S, Sikivie P, Sullivan NS, Tanner DB, Lentz E, Khatiwada R, Carosi G, Robertson N, Woollett N, Duffy LD, Boutan C, Jones M, LaRoque BH, Oblath NS, Taubman MS, Daw EJ, Perry MG, Buckley JH, Gaikwad C, Hoffman J, Murch KW, Goryachev M, McAllister BT, Quiskamp A, Thomson C, Tobar ME. Search for Invisible Axion Dark Matter in the 3.3-4.2 μeV Mass Range. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 127:261803. [PMID: 35029490 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.261803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We report the results from a haloscope search for axion dark matter in the 3.3-4.2 μeV mass range. This search excludes the axion-photon coupling predicted by one of the benchmark models of "invisible" axion dark matter, the Kim-Shifman-Vainshtein-Zakharov model. This sensitivity is achieved using a large-volume cavity, a superconducting magnet, an ultra low noise Josephson parametric amplifier, and sub-Kelvin temperatures. The validity of our detection procedure is ensured by injecting and detecting blind synthetic axion signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Bartram
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - T Braine
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - E Burns
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - R Cervantes
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - N Crisosto
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - N Du
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - H Korandla
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - G Leum
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - P Mohapatra
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - T Nitta
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - L J Rosenberg
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - G Rybka
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - J Yang
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - John Clarke
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - I Siddiqi
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Agrawal
- University of Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - A V Dixit
- University of Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - M H Awida
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - A S Chou
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - M Hollister
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - S Knirck
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - A Sonnenschein
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - W Wester
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - J R Gleason
- University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - A T Hipp
- University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - S Jois
- University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - P Sikivie
- University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - N S Sullivan
- University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - D B Tanner
- University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - E Lentz
- University of Göttingen, Göttingen 37077, Germany
| | - R Khatiwada
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
- Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60616, USA
| | - G Carosi
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - N Robertson
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - N Woollett
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - L D Duffy
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - C Boutan
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, USA
| | - M Jones
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, USA
| | - B H LaRoque
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, USA
| | - N S Oblath
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, USA
| | - M S Taubman
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, USA
| | - E J Daw
- University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - M G Perry
- University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - J H Buckley
- Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
| | - C Gaikwad
- Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
| | - J Hoffman
- Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
| | - K W Murch
- Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
| | - M Goryachev
- University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - B T McAllister
- University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - A Quiskamp
- University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - C Thomson
- University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - M E Tobar
- University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
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Zhang Y, Burns E, Vaggers S, Chibuzo I, Brough R, Oakley N, Tang V, Dyer J, Cleaveland P. Robotic intracorporeal ileal conduit: A novel technique. EUR UROL SUPPL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(21)02301-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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10
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Sheehan A, Elmir R, Hammond A, Schmied V, Coulton S, Sorensen K, Arundell F, Keedle H, Dahlen H, Burns E. The midwife-student mentor relationship: Creating the virtuous circle. Women Birth 2021; 35:e512-e520. [PMID: 34702668 DOI: 10.1016/j.wombi.2021.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Good mentoring is important for students to support their adjustment to and learning in the clinical environment. The quality of the mentoring relationship is key for students but there is a lack of evidence explaining how a good mentor/mentee relationship establishes and develops over time. AIM To explore the developing relationship between mentors and mentees participating in a structured midwifery mentoring program in one Local Health District in Sydney, Australia. METHODS A qualitative interpretive descriptive research design was utilised. Data were collected using 10 focus groups with midwife mentors (n = 31) and seven focus groups and four interviews with Bachelor of Midwifery student mentees (n = 24), over a 12-month period. Thematic analysis using an inductive approach was applied incorporating constant comparison to identify themes and sub-themes. FINDINGS Three overarching themes and three sub-themes were identified. The first theme was 'The great unknown'. Within the second theme 'Building the relationship' were three subthemes: trying to connect; becoming known; and an insider on your side. The final theme 'the virtuous circle' described the reciprocal relationship and benefits that developed between mentor and mentee. DISCUSSION The mentor/mentee relationship took time to develop and went through a number of phases. A positive mentor/ mentee relationship flattened hierarchical differences, increased student confidence and capacity for learning, and reflected the midwifery continuity of care relationship between midwife and woman built on respect and partnership. CONCLUSION Developing a successful midwifery mentoring relationship takes persistence, reassurance, and mutual disclosure ultimately resulting in a recurring cycle of encouragement and support.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sheehan
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Parramatta South Campus, Western Sydney University, NSW, Australia.
| | - R Elmir
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Parramatta South Campus, Western Sydney University, NSW, Australia.
| | - A Hammond
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Parramatta South Campus, Western Sydney University, NSW, Australia.
| | - V Schmied
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Parramatta South Campus, Western Sydney University, NSW, Australia.
| | - S Coulton
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Parramatta South Campus, Western Sydney University, NSW, Australia.
| | - K Sorensen
- South Western Sydney Local Health District, Australia.
| | - F Arundell
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Parramatta South Campus, Western Sydney University, NSW, Australia.
| | - H Keedle
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Parramatta South Campus, Western Sydney University, NSW, Australia.
| | - H Dahlen
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Parramatta South Campus, Western Sydney University, NSW, Australia.
| | - E Burns
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Parramatta South Campus, Western Sydney University, NSW, Australia.
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11
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Hopkins M, Andrews R, Salem V, Taylor R, le Roux CW, Robertson E, Burns E. Improving understanding of type 2 diabetes remission: research recommendations from Diabetes UK's 2019 remission workshop. Diabet Med 2020; 37:1944-1950. [PMID: 32614973 DOI: 10.1111/dme.14358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIM To describe the process and outputs of a workshop convened to identify key priorities for future research in the area of remission of type 2 diabetes, and provide recommendations to researchers and research funders on how best to address them. With the ultimate aim of enabling the remission of type 2 diabetes to become a possibility for more people. METHODS A 1-day research workshop was conducted, bringing together 31 researchers, people living with diabetes, healthcare professionals and members of staff from Diabetes UK to identify and prioritize recommendations for future research into remission of type 2 diabetes. RESULTS Workshop attendees identified 10 key themes for further research. Four of these themes were prioritized for further focus: (i) understanding how to personalize lifestyle approaches based on biology, patient choice and subtypes; (ii) understanding the biology of remission; (iii) understanding the most effective approaches to implementation of lifestyle interventions; and (iv) understanding the best approaches to combining therapies (gut hormones, other drugs, lifestyle approaches and bariatric surgery). CONCLUSIONS This paper outlines recommendations to address the current gaps in knowledge related to remission of type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - R Andrews
- University of Exeter Medical School, Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, Exeter, UK
| | - V Salem
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - R Taylor
- Newcastle Magnetic Resonance Centre, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - C W le Roux
- Diabetes Complications Research Centre, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Kelly ME, Aalbers AGJ, Abdul Aziz N, Abecasis N, Abraham‐Nordling M, Akiyoshi T, Alberda W, Albert M, Andric M, Angenete E, Antoniou A, Auer R, Austin KK, Aziz O, Baker RP, Bali M, Baseckas G, Bebington B, Bednarski BK, Beets GL, Berg PL, Beynon J, Biondo S, Boyle K, Bordeianou L, Bremers AB, Brunner M, Buchwald P, Bui A, Burgess A, Burger JWA, Burling D, Burns E, Campain N, Carvalhal S, Castro L, Caycedo‐Marulanda A, Chan KKL, Chang GJ, Chew MH, Chong PC, Christensen HK, Clouston H, Codd M, Collins D, Colquhoun A, Corr A, Coscia M, Coyne PE, Creavin B, Croner RS, Damjanovic L, Daniels IR, Davies M, Davies RJ, Delaney CP, Denost Q, Deutsch C, Dietz D, Domingo S, Dozois EJ, Duff M, Eglinton T, Enrique‐Navascues JM, Espin‐Basany E, Evans MD, Fearnhead NS, Flatmark K, Fleming F, Frizelle FA, Gallego MA, Garcia‐Granero E, Garcia‐Sabrido JL, Gentilini L, George ML, Ghouti L, Giner F, Ginther N, Glynn R, Golda T, Griffiths B, Harris DA, Hagemans JAW, Hanchanale V, Harji DP, Helewa RM, Heriot AG, Hochman D, Hohenberger W, Holm T, Hompes R, Jenkins JT, Kaffenberger S, Kandaswamy GV, Kapur S, Kanemitsu Y, Kelley SR, Keller DS, Khan MS, Kiran RP, Kim H, Kim HJ, Koh CE, Kok NFM, Kokelaar R, Kontovounisios C, Kristensen HØ, Kroon HM, Kusters M, Lago V, Larsen SG, Larson DW, Law WL, Laurberg S, Lee PJ, Limbert M, Lydrup ML, Lyons A, Lynch AC, Mantyh C, Mathis KL, Margues CFS, Martling A, Meijerink WJHJ, Merkel S, Mehta AM, McArthur DR, McDermott FD, McGrath JS, Malde S, Mirnezami A, Monson JRT, Morton JR, Mullaney TG, Negoi I, Neto JWM, Nguyen B, Nielsen MB, Nieuwenhuijzen GAP, Nilsson PJ, O’Connell PR, O’Dwyer ST, Palmer G, Pappou E, Park J, Patsouras D, Pellino G, Peterson AC, Poggioli G, Proud D, Quinn M, Quyn A, Radwan RW, van Ramshorst GH, Rasheed S, Rasmussen PC, Regenbogen SE, Renehan A, Rocha R, Rochester M, Rohila J, Rothbarth J, Rottoli M, Roxburgh C, Rutten HJT, Ryan ÉJ, Safar B, Sagar PM, Sahai A, Saklani A, Sammour T, Sayyed R, Schizas AMP, Schwarzkopf E, Scripcariu V, Selvasekar C, Shaikh I, Hellawell G, Shida D, Simpson A, Smart NJ, Smart P, Smith JJ, Solbakken AM, Solomon MJ, Sørensen MM, Steele SR, Steffens D, Stitzenberg K, Stocchi L, Stylianides NA, Sumrien H, Sutton PA, Swartking T, Taylor C, Tekkis PP, Teras J, Thurairaja R, Toh EL, Tsarkov P, Tsukada Y, Tsukamoto S, Tuech JJ, Turner WH, Tuynman JB, Vasquez‐Jimenez W, Verhoef C, Vizzielli G, Voogt ELK, Uehara K, Wakeman C, Warrier S, Wasmuth HH, Weber K, Weiser MR, Wheeler JMD, Wild J, Wilson M, de Wilt JHW, Wolthuis A, Yano H, Yip B, Yip J, Yoo RN, van Zoggel D, Winter DC. Simultaneous pelvic exenteration and liver resection for primary rectal cancer with synchronous liver metastases: results from the PelvEx Collaborative. Colorectal Dis 2020; 22:1258-1262. [PMID: 32294308 DOI: 10.1111/codi.15064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM At presentation, 15-20% of patients with rectal cancer already have synchronous liver metastases. The aim of this study was to determine the surgical and survival outcomes in patients with advanced rectal cancer who underwent combined pelvic exenteration and liver (oligometastatic) resection. METHOD Data from 20 international institutions that performed simultaneous pelvic exenteration and liver resection between 2007 and 2017 were accumulated. Primarily, we examined perioperative outcomes, morbidity and mortality. We also assessed the impact that margin status had on survival. RESULTS Of 128 patients, 72 (56.2%) were men with a median age of 60 years [interquartile range (IQR) 15 years]. The median size of the liver oligometastatic deposits was 2 cm (IQR 1.8 cm). The median duration of surgery was 406 min (IQR 240 min), with a median blood loss of 1090 ml (IQR 2010 ml). A negative resection margin (R0 resection) was achieved in 73.5% of pelvic exenterations and 66.4% of liver resections. The 30-day mortality rate was 1.6%, and 32% of patients had a major postoperative complication. The 5-year overall survival for patients in whom an R0 resection of both primary and metastatic disease was achieved was 54.6% compared with 20% for those with an R1/R2 resection (P = 0.006). CONCLUSION Simultaneous pelvic exenteration and liver resection is feasible, with acceptable morbidity and mortality. Simultaneous resection should only be performed where an R0 resection of both pelvic and hepatic disease is anticipated.
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13
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Cook PA, Ure C, Hargreaves SC, Burns E, Coffey M, Audrey S. The evolution of an asset-based community led alcohol harm intervention in the North West England. Eur J Public Health 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckaa166.434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Communities in Charge of Alcohol (CICA) is an Asset Based Community Development (ABCD) place-based approach to reducing alcohol harm. Local volunteers, from areas with multiple indicators of deprivation, train to become accredited 'Alcohol Health Champions' (AHCs). AHCs, supported by a local co-ordinator, provide brief opportunistic advice at an individual level and mobilise action on alcohol availability through influencing licensing decisions at a community level. CICA is the first programme we are aware of globally that has attempted to build local AHC capacity. Here we explore lessons learned from four case study areas (of the original ten) that persisted with the intervention for more than 12 months.
Methods
A case study approach to investigate the context, acceptability, facilitators and barriers to maintaining CICA. Descriptive analysis of ongoing recruitment of champions, numbers of training events and activity of champions (as reported by area coordinators). Framework analysis of interviews with AHCs and stakeholders.
Results
CICA has increased public health capacity by training 123 AHCs in its first year. The four areas that continued with CICA have trained a further 34. The different approaches in the four areas include: embedding champions in wider health champion/volunteering projects; innovative use of new technology (portable fibroscan); expansion into different geographical areas. AHCs and coordinators report significant social value from participation in CICA.
Conclusions
The likelihood of embedding CICA into a local area's activities appeared to be dependent on the energy and enthusiasm of the local area's co-ordinator, and may be dependent on that individual remaining in post. ABCD programmes may be more likely to be sustainable if capacity building is supported. CICA might be more sustainable if it was embedded in a wider programme of ABCD, since health issues are interrelated and AHCs often wish to broaden their portfolio.
Key messages
A volunteer alcohol health champions programme increased public health capacity in areas of social deprivation by utilising the assets (skills) of local people. Embedding a community alcohol health champions programme in a wider programme of asset based community development is more sustainable and allows champions to broaden their volunteering portfolio.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Cook
- School of Health Sciences, University of Salford, Salford, UK
| | - C Ure
- School of Health Sciences, University of Salford, Salford, UK
| | - S C Hargreaves
- School of Health Sciences, University of Salford, Salford, UK
| | - E Burns
- School of Health Sciences, University of Salford, Salford, UK
| | - M Coffey
- School of Health Sciences, University of Salford, Salford, UK
| | - S Audrey
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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14
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Yu K, Hendifar A, Alese O, Draper A, Abdelrahim M, Burns E, Khan G, Cockrum P, Bhak R, Nguyen C, DerSarkissian M, Duh M, Bahary N. 1555P Real-world treatment patterns and effectiveness of liposomal irinotecan in a NAPOLI1-based regimen among patients with metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (mPDAC): A multi-academic center chart review. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.2038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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15
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Evans S, Taylor C, Antoniou A, Agarwal T, Burns E, Jenkins J, Miskovic D. Implementation of a clinical pathway for the surgical treatment of colorectal cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic. Colorectal Dis 2020; 22:1002-1005. [PMID: 32654417 PMCID: PMC7405049 DOI: 10.1111/codi.15247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
AIM This report summarizes the early experience of implementing elective colorectal cancer surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS A pathway to minimize the risk of including COVID-19-positive patients for elective surgery was established. Prioritization and additional safety measures were introduced into clinical practice. Minimal invasive surgery was used where appropriate. RESULTS Thirty-eight patients were prioritized, and 23 patients underwent surgery (eight colon, 14 rectal and one anal cancer). The minimal invasive surgery rate was 78%. There were no major postoperative complications or patients diagnosed with COVID-19. Histopathological outcomes were similar to normal practice. CONCLUSION A safe pathway to offer standard high-quality surgery to colorectal cancer patients during the COVID-19 pandemic is feasible.
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Donnelly CG, Burns E, Easton-Jones CA, Katzman S, Stuart R, Cook SE, Finno CJ. Safety and efficacy of subcutaneous alpha-tocopherol in healthy adult horses. EQUINE VET EDUC 2020; 33:215-219. [PMID: 34326575 DOI: 10.1111/eve.13308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin E is essential for neuromuscular function. The primary treatment, oral supplementation with natural ('RRR') α-tocopherol, is not effective in all horses. The objectives of this pilot study were to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a subcutaneously administered RRR-α-tocopherol preparation. Horses were randomly assigned in a cross-over design to initially receive RRR-α-tocopherol (5000 IU/450 kg of 600 IU/mL) subcutaneously (n = 3) or orally (n = 3) or were untreated sentinels (n = 2). Tissue reactions following injection in Phase I of the study necessitated adjustment of the preparation with reduction of the RRR-α-tocopherol concentration to 500 IU/mL in Phase 2. Following an 8-week washout period, horses received the reciprocal treatment route with the new preparation (5000 IU/450 kg of 500 IU/mL). Serum, CSF and muscle α-tocopherol concentrations were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography over a 14-day period during each phase. Serum and CSF α-tocopherol concentrations increased significantly postinjection only when the 500 IU/mL product was administered (P<0.0001). There was no significant difference in the muscle concentration of α-tocopherol following either treatment. All eight horses had marked tissue reaction to subcutaneous injection, regardless of product concentration. Whilst we have demonstrated that this route may be a useful alternative to oral supplementation, the marked tissue reaction makes use of such products limited at this time to only the most refractory of cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- C G Donnelly
- William R. Pritchard Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital
| | - E Burns
- Morris Animal Foundation, Denver, Colorado
| | | | - S Katzman
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, University of California: Davis, Davis
| | - R Stuart
- Stuart Products Inc, Bedford, Texas
| | - S E Cook
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of California: Davis, Davis, USA
| | - C J Finno
- William R. Pritchard Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital.,Department of Population Health and Reproduction
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Ballew C, Young M, Burns E, Mazimba S. Showering with the Driveline Exit Site Exposed to Well Water Does Not Increase Rates of Driveline Exit Site Infection. J Heart Lung Transplant 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2019.01.752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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18
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Ackermann M, Ajello M, Baldini L, Ballet J, Barbiellini G, Bastieri D, Bellazzini R, Bissaldi E, Blandford RD, Bonino R, Bottacini E, Bregeon J, Bruel P, Buehler R, Burns E, Buson S, Cameron RA, Caputo R, Caraveo PA, Cavazzuti E, Chen S, Chiaro G, Ciprini S, Costantin D, Cuoco A, Cutini S, D'Ammando F, de la Torre Luque P, de Palma F, Desai A, Digel SW, Di Lalla N, Di Mauro M, Di Venere L, Fana Dirirsa F, Favuzzi C, Franckowiak A, Fukazawa Y, Funk S, Fusco P, Gargano F, Gasparrini D, Giglietto N, Giordano F, Giroletti M, Green D, Grenier IA, Guillemot L, Guiriec S, Horan D, Jóhannesson G, Kuss M, Larsson S, Latronico L, Li J, Liodakis I, Longo F, Loparco F, Lubrano P, Magill JD, Maldera S, Malyshev D, Manfreda A, Mazziotta MN, Mereu I, Michelson PF, Mitthumsiri W, Mizuno T, Monzani ME, Morselli A, Moskalenko IV, Negro M, Nuss E, Orienti M, Orlando E, Palatiello M, Paliya VS, Paneque D, Persic M, Pesce-Rollins M, Petrosian V, Piron F, Porter TA, Principe G, Rainò S, Rando R, Razzano M, Razzaque S, Reimer A, Reimer O, Serini D, Sgrò C, Siskind EJ, Spandre G, Spinelli P, Suson DJ, Tajima H, Takahashi M, Thayer JB, Tibaldo L, Torres DF, Troja E, Venters TM, Vianello G, Wood K, Yassine M, Zaharijas G, Ammazzalorso S, Fornengo N, Regis M. Unresolved Gamma-Ray Sky through its Angular Power Spectrum. Phys Rev Lett 2018; 121:241101. [PMID: 30608723 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.241101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The gamma-ray sky has been observed with unprecedented accuracy in the last decade by the Fermi -large area telescope (LAT), allowing us to resolve and understand the high-energy Universe. The nature of the remaining unresolved emission [unresolved gamma-ray background (UGRB)] below the LAT source detection threshold can be uncovered by characterizing the amplitude and angular scale of the UGRB fluctuation field. This Letter presents a measurement of the UGRB autocorrelation angular power spectrum based on eight years of Fermi-LAT Pass 8 data products. The analysis is designed to be robust against contamination from resolved sources and noise systematics. The sensitivity to subthreshold sources is greatly enhanced with respect to previous measurements. We find evidence (with ∼3.7σ significance) that the scenario in which two classes of sources contribute to the UGRB signal is favored over a single class. A double power law with exponential cutoff can explain the anisotropy energy spectrum well, with photon indices of the two populations being 2.55±0.23 and 1.86±0.15.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - S Ammazzalorso
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - N Fornengo
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - M Regis
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
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Korducki J, Tidemann A, Tarima S, Grindel S, Urbain J, Mickschl D, Rosenthal A, Burns E. NATURAL INTERFACES FOR EVALUATION AND MANAGEMENT OF SHOULDER DYSFUNCTION. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy031.3641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - J Urbain
- Milwaukee School of Engineering University
| | | | | | - E Burns
- Medical College Of Wisconsin
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Burns E, Rose Sood J, Pineau VJ, Koff R, Hodge S, Welch B. FALLS SCREENING TOOLS EFFECTIVENESS FOR DETECTING FUTURE FALLS: USING A PROBABILITY-BASED SAMPLE TO POWER DETECTION. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy023.887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- E Burns
- U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - J Rose Sood
- NORC at the University of Chicago, Bethesda, MD
| | - V J Pineau
- NORC at the University of Chicago, Oak Island, NC
| | - R Koff
- NORC at the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - S Hodge
- NORC at the University of Chicago, Bethesda, MD
| | - B Welch
- NORC at the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
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Beschta S, Feller D, Nelson D, Gaglianello N, Nukuna S, Swartz A, Burns E. PATIENT PERCEPTIONS OF CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE AND BARRIERS TO PHYSICAL ACTIVITY. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy031.3645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - A Swartz
- . University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee
| | - E Burns
- Medical College Of Wisconsin
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22
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Worley G, Nordenvall C, Askari A, Pinkney T, Burns E, Akbar A, Olén O, Ekbom A, Bottai M, Myrelid P, Faiz O. Restorative surgery after colectomy for ulcerative colitis in England and Sweden: observations from a comparison of nationwide cohorts. Colorectal Dis 2018; 20:804-812. [PMID: 29603863 DOI: 10.1111/codi.14113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM A longstanding disparity exists between the approaches to restorative surgery after colectomy for patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) in England and Sweden. This study aims to compare rates of colectomy and restorative surgery in comparable national cohorts. METHOD The English Hospital Episode Statistics (HES) and Swedish National Patient Register (NPR) were interrogated between 2002 and April 2012. Patients with two diagnostic episodes for UC (age ≥ 15 years) were included. Patients were excluded if they had an episode of inflammatory bowel disease or colectomy before 2002. The cumulative incidences of colectomy and restorative surgery were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS A total of 98 691 patients were included in the study, 76 129 in England and 22 562 in Sweden. The 5-year cumulative incidence of all restorative surgery after colectomy in England was 33% vs 46% in Sweden (P-value < 0.001). Of the patients undergoing restorative surgery, 92.3% of English patients had a pouch vs 38.8% in Sweden and 7.7% vs 59.1% respectively had an ileorectal anastomosis (IRA). The 5-year cumulative incidence of colectomy in this study cohort was 13% in England and 6% in Sweden (P-value < 0.001). CONCLUSION Following colectomy for UC only one-third of English patients and half of Swedish patients underwent restorative surgery. In England nearly all these patients underwent pouches, in Sweden a less significant majority underwent IRAs. It is surprising to demonstrate this discrepancy in a comparable cohort of patients from similar healthcare systems. The causes and consequences of this international variation in management are not fully understood and require further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Worley
- Surgical Epidemiology, Trials and Outcome Centre (SETOC), St Mark's Hospital and Academic Institute, Harrow, Middlesex, UK.,Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - C Nordenvall
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Center for Digestive Disease, Division of Coloproctology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A Askari
- Surgical Epidemiology, Trials and Outcome Centre (SETOC), St Mark's Hospital and Academic Institute, Harrow, Middlesex, UK.,Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - T Pinkney
- Academic Department of Surgery, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - E Burns
- Surgical Epidemiology, Trials and Outcome Centre (SETOC), St Mark's Hospital and Academic Institute, Harrow, Middlesex, UK.,Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - A Akbar
- Surgical Epidemiology, Trials and Outcome Centre (SETOC), St Mark's Hospital and Academic Institute, Harrow, Middlesex, UK.,Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - O Olén
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Sachs' Children and Youth Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A Ekbom
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Bottai
- Unit of Biostatistics, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - P Myrelid
- Division of Surgery, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Department of Surgery, County Council of Östergötland, Linköping, Sweden
| | - O Faiz
- Surgical Epidemiology, Trials and Outcome Centre (SETOC), St Mark's Hospital and Academic Institute, Harrow, Middlesex, UK.,Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
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Bergen G, Burns E, Stevens M, Parker E. DO DEMOGRAPHICS AND HEALTH STATUS EXPLAIN OLDER ADULT FALL VARIATION BY STATE? Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.2032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- G. Bergen
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - E. Burns
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - M.R. Stevens
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - E. Parker
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
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Ahmed H, Morrow C, Yusuf N, Lim H, Hamzavi I, Burns E, Shaheen A, Muzaffar A, Abdelgawwad M, Al-Sadek C, Foy T, Kumar R, Ptacek T, Huda S, Isedeh P, Kohli I. 591 Ultraviolet radiation alters the skin microbiome composition. J Invest Dermatol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.02.613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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26
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Bissaldi E, Connaughton V, Omodei N, Burns E, Goldstein A, Vianello G. The Fermi GBM and LAT follow-up of GW150914. EPJ Web Conf 2017. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201713603020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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27
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Smith LA, Adams E, Burns E. P125 Engaging pregnant women in a dance-based exercise class: A focus group study of women’s views and experiences. Br J Soc Med 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/jech-2016-208064.222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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28
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Burns E, Chipchase L, Schabrun S. Primary sensory and motor cortex function in response to acute muscle pain: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Pain 2016; 20:1203-13. [DOI: 10.1002/ejp.859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Burns
- Brain Rehabilitation and Neuroplasticity Unit; School of Science and Health; Western Sydney University; Australia
| | - L.S. Chipchase
- Brain Rehabilitation and Neuroplasticity Unit; School of Science and Health; Western Sydney University; Australia
| | - S.M. Schabrun
- Brain Rehabilitation and Neuroplasticity Unit; School of Science and Health; Western Sydney University; Australia
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Burns E, Chipchase L, Schabrun S. Altered function of intracortical networks in chronic lateral epicondylalgia. Eur J Pain 2016; 20:1166-75. [DOI: 10.1002/ejp.841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Burns
- Brain Rehabilitation and Neuroplasticity Unit; School of Science and Health; The University of Western Sydney; Sydney NSW Australia
| | - L.S. Chipchase
- Brain Rehabilitation and Neuroplasticity Unit; School of Science and Health; The University of Western Sydney; Sydney NSW Australia
| | - S.M. Schabrun
- Brain Rehabilitation and Neuroplasticity Unit; School of Science and Health; The University of Western Sydney; Sydney NSW Australia
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Williams RJ, Wahren CH, Stott KAJ, Camac JS, White M, Burns E, Harris S, Nash M, Morgan JW, Venn S, Papst WA, Hoffmann AA. An International Union for the Conservation of Nature Red List ecosystems risk assessment for alpine snow patch herbfields, South-Eastern Australia. AUSTRAL ECOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/aec.12266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. J. Williams
- CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences; Tropical Ecosystems Research Centre; Darwin Northern Territory 0909 Australia
- Research Institute for Environment and Livelihoods; Northern Territory University; Darwin Northern Territory 0909 Australia
- Long Term Ecological Research Network; Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network; St Lucia Queensland Australia
| | - C.-H. Wahren
- Long Term Ecological Research Network; Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network; St Lucia Queensland Australia
- Research Centre for Applied Alpine Ecology; Department of Agricultural Sciences; La Trobe University; Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - K. A. J. Stott
- Research Centre for Applied Alpine Ecology; Department of Agricultural Sciences; La Trobe University; Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - J. S. Camac
- Department of Biological Sciences; Macquarie University; Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - M. White
- Department of Environment, Land, Water & Planning; Arthur Rylah Institute for Environmental Research; Heidelberg Victoria Australia
| | - E. Burns
- Long Term Ecological Research Network; Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network; St Lucia Queensland Australia
- Fenner School of Environment and Society; The Australian National University; Canberra Australian Capital Territory Australia
| | - S. Harris
- School of Biological Sciences; The University of Queensland; St Lucia Queensland Australia
| | - M. Nash
- Long Term Ecological Research Network; Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network; St Lucia Queensland Australia
- Entomology Unit; South Australian Research and Development Institute; Adelaide South Australia Australia
| | - J. W. Morgan
- Research Centre for Applied Alpine Ecology; Department of Agricultural Sciences; La Trobe University; Melbourne Victoria Australia
- Department of Botany; La Trobe University; Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - S. Venn
- Research Centre for Applied Alpine Ecology; Department of Agricultural Sciences; La Trobe University; Melbourne Victoria Australia
- Department of Botany; La Trobe University; Melbourne Victoria Australia
- The Research School of Biology; Australian National University; Canberra Australian Capital Territory Australia
| | - W. A. Papst
- Research Centre for Applied Alpine Ecology; Department of Agricultural Sciences; La Trobe University; Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - A. A. Hoffmann
- Long Term Ecological Research Network; Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network; St Lucia Queensland Australia
- Bio21 Institute; School of Biosciences; The University of Melbourne; Melbourne Victoria Australia
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Ismail S, Fox G, Cracknell A, Burns E. 61 * INTERFACE GERIATRICS AND NEW WAYS OF WORKING: AVOIDING ADMISSIONS BY IMPLEMENTING EARLY SPECIALIST ASSESSMENT BY INTERFACE GERIATRICIANS IN THE EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT (ED). Age Ageing 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afu036.61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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32
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Fox G, Ismail S, Cracknell A, Burns E. 62 * INTERFACE GERIATRICS AND NEW WAYS OF WORKING: AVOIDING ADMISSIONS BY PROVIDING RAPID ACCESS TO SPECIALIST ADVICE AND ARRANGING ALTERNATIVES TO ADMISSION. Age Ageing 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afu036.62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Jurenka RA, Schal C, Burns E, Chase J, Blomquist GJ. Structural correlation between cuticular hydrocarbons and female contact sex pheromone of German cockroachBlattella germanica (L.). J Chem Ecol 2013; 15:939-49. [PMID: 24271896 DOI: 10.1007/bf01015189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/1988] [Accepted: 04/04/1988] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The structural relationships between the cuticular hydrocarbons and the contact sex pheromone of the female German cockroach,Blattella germanica, were investigated. Cuticular hexane extracts were separated into hydrocarbon and ketone fractions by TLC or silicic acid column chromatography. The ketone fraction (which contains the major contact sex pheromone component) was analyzed by GC-MS before and after reduction to ydrocarbon. In addition to 3,11-dimethyl-2-nonacosanone, 3,11-dimethyl-2-heptacosanone was also identified. Females have the 3,11- and 3,9-dimethyl C27 and C29 alkanes, but only the 3,11- isomer of the dimethylketones. Inddition to the hydrocarbon components previously reported, a number of new components were characterized. Although the ratios of cuticular hydrocarbons differ among nymphs, adult males, and adult females, they have qualitatively identical hydrocarbon profiles, suggesting that the production of the contact sex pheromone results from the sex-specific oxidation of 3,11-imethylalkanes to pheromone components by the female.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Jurenka
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nevada-Reno, 89557-0014, Reno, Nevada
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Baggaley E, Whincup L, Ashman K, Cawood A, Davies D, Burns E, Stratton R. LB022-SUN EFFECTIVENESS OF IMPLEMENTING A NURSE LED POLICY FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF MALNUTRITION. Clin Nutr 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s0261-5614(13)60600-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Abstract
In many applications of shortest-path algorithms, it is impractical to find a provably optimal solution; one can only hope to achieve an appropriate balance between search time and solution cost that respects the user's preferences. Preferences come in many forms; we consider utility functions that linearly trade-off search time and solution cost. Many natural utility functions can be expressed in this form. For example, when solution cost represents the makespan of a plan, equally weighting search time and plan makespan minimizes the time from the arrival of a goal until it is achieved. Current state-of-the-art approaches to optimizing utility functions rely on anytime algorithms, and the use of extensive training data to compute a termination policy. We propose a more direct approach, called Bugsy, that incorporates the utility function directly into the search, obviating the need for a separate termination policy. We describe a new method based on off-line parameter tuning and a novel benchmark domain for planning under time pressure based on platform-style video games. We then present what we believe to be the first empirical study of applying anytime monitoring to heuristic search, and we compare it with our proposals. Our results suggest that the parameter tuning technique can give the best performance if a representative set of training instances is available. If not, then Bugsy is the algorithm of choice, as it performs well and does not require any off-line training. This work extends the tradition of research on metareasoning for search by illustrating the benefits of embedding lightweight reasoning about time into the search algorithm itself.
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Burns E, Osmond M, Williams K. Scalp Hematoma in Pediatric Minor Head Injury: More Than Just a Bump on the Head? Paediatr Child Health 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/pch/18.suppl_a.16a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - E Burns
- Paediatrics, CHEO, Ottawa, Ontario
| | - M Osmond
- Paediatrics, CHEO, Ottawa, Ontario
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Burns E, Schmied V, Fenwick J, Sheehan A. Liquid gold from the milk bar: constructions of breastmilk and breastfeeding women in the language and practices of midwives. Soc Sci Med 2012; 75:1737-45. [PMID: 22906527 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2012.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2011] [Revised: 07/21/2012] [Accepted: 07/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Midwives are the main health professional group providing support and assistance to women during the early establishment of breastfeeding. In published accounts of early breastfeeding experiences women report high levels of dissatisfaction with health professional support. To gain an understanding of this dissatisfaction, we examined the way in which midwives represent breastmilk and construct breastfeeding women in their interactions. Seventy seven women and seventy six midwives at two maternity units in NSW, Australia, participated in this study. Eighty five interactions between a midwife and a breastfeeding woman were observed and audio recorded during the first week after birth. In addition, data were collected through observation of nine parenting education sessions, interviews with 23 women following discharge, and 11 managers and lactation consultants (collected between October 2008 and September 2009). Discourse analysis was used to analyse the transcribed interactions, and interview data. The analysis revealed that midwives prioritised both colostrum and mature breastmilk as a 'precious resource', essential for the health and wellbeing of the infant and mother. References to breastmilk as 'liquid gold' were both verbal and implied. Within this discourse, the production and acquisition of 'liquid gold' appeared to be privileged over the process of breastfeeding and women were, at times, positioned as incompetent operators of their bodily 'equipment', lacking knowledge and skill in breastfeeding. In this context breastfeeding became constructed as a manufacturing process for a demanding consumer. The approach taken by midwives revealed an intensive focus on nutrition to the exclusion of relational communication and support. The findings indicate the need to challenge the current 'disciplinary' and 'technological' practices used by midwives when providing breastfeeding support and the need for a cultural change in postnatal care.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Burns
- School of Nursing & Midwifery, University of Western Sydney, Parramatta Campus, Building EB, Locked Bag 1297, Penrith South DC, NSW 1297, Australia.
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Yeste A, Nadeau M, Burns E, Weiner H, Quintana F. Suppression of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis with Nanoparticles Carrying a Central Nervous System Antigen and a Non-Toxic Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Ligand (SC01.004). Neurology 2012. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.sc01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Yeste A, Nadeau M, Burns E, Weiner H, Quintana F. Suppression of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis with Nanoparticles Carrying a Central Nervous System Antigen and a Non-Toxic Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Ligand (S40.005). Neurology 2012. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.s40.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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40
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Sulemanji DS, Burns E, Kacmarek R. Mechanical ventilation demographics between 1999 and 2009. Crit Care 2012. [PMCID: PMC3363531 DOI: 10.1186/cc10720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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41
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Crilly A, Burns E, Nickdel MB, Lockhart JC, Perry ME, Ferrell PW, Baxter D, Dale J, Dunning L, Wilson H, Nijjar JS, Gracie JA, Ferrell WR, McInnes IB. PAR(2) expression in peripheral blood monocytes of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2012; 71:1049-54. [PMID: 22294633 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2011-200703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Proteinase-activated receptor 2 (PAR(2)) is a G protein-coupled receptor activated by serine proteinases with proinflammatory activity. A study was undertaken to investigate the presence and functional significance of PAR(2) expression on rheumatoid arthritis (RA)-derived leucocyte subsets. METHODS Venous blood was obtained from patients with RA and osteoarthritis (OA) as well as healthy control subjects. Surface expression of PAR(2) on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was analysed by flow cytometry and interleukin 6 (IL-6) generation by ELISA. RESULTS Patients with RA had elevated but variable surface expression of PAR(2) on CD14+ monocytes compared with control subjects (median (1st to 3rd quartiles) 1.76% (0.86-4.10%) vs 0.06% (0.03-0.81%), p<0.0001). CD3+ T cells showed a similar pattern with significantly higher PAR(2) expression in patients with RA compared with controls (3.05% (0.36-11.82%) vs 0.08% (0.02-0.28%), p<0.0001). For both subsets, PAR(2) expression was significantly higher (p<0.00001) in patients with high levels of disease activity: PAR(2) expression for both CD14+ and CD3+ cells correlated to C reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Furthermore, in a cohort of patients with newly diagnosed RA, elevated PAR(2) expression in both CD14+ and CD3+ cells was significantly reduced 3 months after methotrexate or sulfasalazine treatment and this reduction correlated significantly with the reduction in the 28-joint Disease Activity Scale score (p<0.05). PAR(2) expression on cells from patients with OA was low, similar to levels seen in control subjects. Generation of IL-6 by monocytes in response to a selective PAR(2) agonist was significantly greater in patients with RA than in patients with OA and control subjects (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS These findings are consistent with a pathogenic role for PAR(2) in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Crilly
- School of Science, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley, UK
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Faiz O, Haji A, Burns E, Bottle A, Kennedy R, Aylin P. Hospital stay amongst patients undergoing major elective colorectal surgery: predicting prolonged stay and readmissions in NHS hospitals. Colorectal Dis 2011; 13:816-22. [PMID: 20402737 DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-1318.2010.02277.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM Reduced hospital stay confers clinical and economic benefits for patients and healthcare providers. This article examines the length of stay and consequent bed resource usage of patients undergoing elective excisional colorectal surgery in English NHS trusts. METHOD All patients undergoing elective colorectal resections for malignancy between 1996 and 2006 in English NHS trusts were included from the Hospital Episode Statistics data set. Unifactorial and multifactorial analyses were performed to identify independent predictors of prolonged stay and 28-day readmission. RESULTS Over the 10-year period, 186,013 patients underwent elective colorectal procedures in 181 NHS trusts. About 2.893 b million bed days were utilized for elective colorectal surgery. Admission stay was shorter following colonic surgery than following rectal surgery (median 11 vs 13 days, P < 0.001). A 2-day decrease in median stay was observed over the 10-year period for both colonic and rectal procedures. Readmissions within 28 days of discharge were higher following rectal excision than following colonic surgery (9.4 vs 7.6%, P < 0.001). Multiple logistic regression analyses revealed the following independent predictors of prolonged hospital stay: distal (vs proximal) bowel resection, benign pathology, open technique, increasing age, comorbidity, social deprivation and low provider volume status. Independent predictors of 28-day readmission included distal bowel resection, benign diagnosis, young age, social deprivation and high provider volume status. CONCLUSION Patients of advanced age, with associated comorbidities, and those living in areas of social deprivation are at increased risk of prolonged stay. Targeted pre-emptive discharge planning and enhanced use of laparoscopic surgery could improve bed resource utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Faiz
- Department of Biosurgery and Surgical Technology, Imperial College London, St Mary's Hospital, London, UK.
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Faiz O, Burns E, Nicholls J. Authors' reply: Volume analysis of outcome following restorative proctocolectomy ( Br J Surg 2011; 98: 408–417). Br J Surg 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/bjs.7607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- O Faiz
- Imperial College, London, UK
| | - E Burns
- Imperial College, London, UK
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French H, Cusack T, Brennan A, Fitzpatrick M, Caffrey A, Gilsenan C, Cuddy V, White B, Kane D, O'Connell P, FitzGerald O, McCarthy GM, Yoshida K, Gregory JS, Mason B, Reid I, Reid DM, Soni A, Nuesch E, Juni P, Reichenbach S, Dieppe P, White OB, Intekhab-Alam NY, Chowdrey HS, Knight RA, Locke IC, Wenham C, Grainger AJ, Hensor EM, Conaghan P, Abraham A, Pearce MS, Francis RM, Birrell F, Ferrell WR, Kelso EB, Lockhart JC, Burns E, Plevin R, McInnes IB. Osteoarthritis: 119. The Effectiveness of Exercise Therapy with and without Manual Therapy for Hip Osteoarthritis: A Multicentre Randomised Controlled Trial. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2011. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/ker157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Abstract
To harness modern multicore processors, it is imperative to develop parallel versions of fundamental algorithms. In this paper, we compare different approaches to parallel best-first search in a shared-memory setting. We present a new method, PBNF, that uses abstraction to partition the state space and to detect duplicate states without requiring frequent locking. PBNF allows speculative expansions when necessary to keep threads busy. We identify and fix potential livelock conditions in our approach, proving its correctness using temporal logic. Our approach is general, allowing it to extend easily to suboptimal and anytime heuristic search. In an empirical comparison on STRIPS planning, grid pathfinding, and sliding tile puzzle problems using 8-core machines, we show that A*, weighted A* and Anytime weighted A* implemented using PBNF yield faster search than improved versions of previous parallel search proposals.
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Stibler H, Burns E, Kruckeberg T, Gaetano P, Cervén E, Borg S, Tabakoff B. SYNAPTOSOMAL SIALIC ACID METABOLISM ON ETHANOL EXPOSURE DURING SYNAPTOGENESIS. Acta Neurol Scand 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0404.1982.tb03383.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Penman T, Muir G, Magarey E, Burns E. Impact of a Chytrid-related mortality event on a population of the Green and Golden Bell FrogLitoria aurea. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.7882/az.2008.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Harvey K, Catty J, Langman A, Winfield H, Clement S, Burns E, White S, Burns T. A review of instruments developed to measure outcomes for carers of people with mental health problems. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2008; 117:164-76. [PMID: 18241311 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.2007.01148.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Community-based care for mental disorders places considerable burden on families and carers. Measuring their experiences has become a priority, but there is no consensus on appropriate instruments. We aimed to review instruments carers consider relevant to their needs and assess evidence for their use. METHOD A literature search was conducted for outcome measures used with mental health carers. Identified instruments were assessed for their relevance to the outcomes identified by carers and their psychometric properties. RESULTS Three hundred and ninety two published articles referring to 241 outcome measures were identified, 64 of which were eligible for review (used in three or more studies). Twenty-six instruments had good psychometric properties; they measured (i) carers' well-being, (ii) the experience of caregiving and (iii) carers' needs for professional support. CONCLUSION Measures exist which have been used to assess the most salient aspects of carers outcome in mental health. All require further work to establish their psychometric properties fully.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Harvey
- Department of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, Reading University, School of Psychology, Reading, UK.
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Torrens L, Burns E, Stone J, Graham C, Wright H, Summers D, Sellar R, Porteous M, Warner J, Zeman A. Spinocerebellar ataxia type 8 in Scotland: frequency, neurological, neuropsychological and neuropsychiatric findings. Acta Neurol Scand 2008; 117:41-8. [PMID: 18095954 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0404.2007.00904.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were to: (i) establish whether the spinocerebellar ataxia type 8 (SCA 8) expansion is associated with ataxia in Scotland; (ii) test the hypothesis that SCA 8 is associated with neuropsychological impairment; and (iii) review neuroradiological findings in SCA 8. METHODS The methods included: (i) measurement of SCA 8 expansion frequencies in ataxic patients and healthy controls; (ii) comprehensive neuropsychological assessment of patients with SCA 8 and matched controls, neuropsychiatric interview; and (iii) comparison of patient and matched control magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. RESULTS (i) 10/694 (1.4%) unrelated individuals with ataxia had combined CTA/CTG repeat expansions >100 compared to 1/1190 (0.08%) healthy controls (P < 0.0005); (ii) neuropsychological assessment revealed a dysexecutive syndrome among SCA 8 patients, not readily explained by motor or mood disturbance; neuropsychiatric symptoms occurred commonly; (iii) cerebellar atrophy was the only salient MRI abnormality in the patient group. CONCLUSIONS The SCA 8 expansion is associated with ataxia in Scotland. The disorder is associated with a dysexecutive syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Torrens
- The Robert Fergusson Unit, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
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