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Soku YK, Mohamed A, Samuel T, Dessai U, Walls I, Rockwell C, Fortenberry G, Berutti T, Nieves-Miranda S, Nawrocki EM, Fu Y, Dudley E, Mamber SW, Hicks J. Corrigendum to "A Comparative Study on Antimicrobial Resistance in Escherichia coli Isolated from Channel Catfish and Related Freshwater Fish Species" [J. Food Protect. 87(1) (2023) 100192]. J Food Prot 2024; 87:100225. [PMID: 38383072 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfp.2024.100225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Yesutor K Soku
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL, USA
| | - Abdelrahman Mohamed
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL, USA.
| | - Temesgen Samuel
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL, USA
| | - Uday Dessai
- Office of Public Health Science, Food Safety and Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Isabel Walls
- Office of Public Health Science, Food Safety and Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Catherine Rockwell
- Office of Public Health Science, Food Safety and Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Gamola Fortenberry
- Office of Public Health Science, Food Safety and Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Tracy Berutti
- Eastern Laboratory, Food Safety and Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Sharon Nieves-Miranda
- E. coli Reference Center, Department of Food Science, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Erin M Nawrocki
- E. coli Reference Center, Department of Food Science, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Yezhi Fu
- E. coli Reference Center, Department of Food Science, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Edward Dudley
- E. coli Reference Center, Department of Food Science, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Stephen W Mamber
- Office of Planning, Analysis and Risk Management, Food Safety and Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, USA
| | - John Hicks
- Office of Policy and Program Development, Food Safety and Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC, USA
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Soku YK, Mohamed A, Samuel T, Dessai U, Walls I, Rockwell C, Fortenberry G, Berutti T, Nieves-Miranda S, Nawrocki EM, Fu Y, Dudley E, Mamber SW, Hicks J. A Comparative Study on Antimicrobial Resistance in Escherichia coli Isolated from Channel Catfish and Related Freshwater Fish Species. J Food Prot 2024; 87:100192. [PMID: 37949412 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfp.2023.100192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) trends in 114 generic Escherichia coli isolated from channel catfish and related fish species were investigated in this study. Of these, 45 isolates were from commercial-sized channel catfish harvested from fishponds in Alabama, while 69 isolates were from Siluriformes products, accessed from the U.S. Department of Agriculture Food Safety and Inspection Service' (FSIS) National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System (NARMS) program. Antibiotic susceptibility testing and whole genome sequencing were performed using the GenomeTrakr protocol. Upon analysis, the fishpond isolates showed resistance to ampicillin (44%), meropenem (7%) and azithromycin (4%). The FSIS NARMS isolates showed resistance to tetracycline (31.9%), chloramphenicol (20.3%), sulfisoxazole (17.4%), ampicillin (5.8%) and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, nalidixic acid, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, azithromycin and cefoxitin below 5% each. There was no correlation between genotypic and phenotypic resistance in the fishpond isolates, however, there was in NARMS isolates for folate pathway antagonists: Sulfisoxazole vs. sul1 and sul2 (p = 0.0042 and p < 0.0001, respectively) and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole vs. dfrA16 and sul1 (p = 0.0290 and p = 0.013, respectively). Furthermore, correlations were found for tetracyclines: Tetracycline vs. tet(A) and tet(B) (p < 0.0001 each), macrolides: Azithromycin vs. mph(E) and msr(E) (p = 0.0145 each), phenicols: Chloramphenicol vs. mdtM (p < 0.0001), quinolones: Nalidixic acid vs. gyrA_S83L=POINT (p = 0.0004), and β-lactams: Ampicillin vs. blaTEM-1 (p < 0.0001). Overall, we recorded differences in antimicrobial susceptibility testing profiles, phenotypic-genotypic concordance, and resistance to critically important antimicrobials, which may be a public health concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yesutor K Soku
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL, USA
| | - Abdelrahman Mohamed
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL, USA.
| | - Temesgen Samuel
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL, USA
| | - Uday Dessai
- Office of Public Health Science, Food Safety and Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Isabel Walls
- Office of Public Health Science, Food Safety and Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Catherine Rockwell
- Office of Public Health Science, Food Safety and Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Gamola Fortenberry
- Office of Public Health Science, Food Safety and Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Tracy Berutti
- Eastern Laboratory, Food Safety and Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Sharon Nieves-Miranda
- E. coli Reference Center, Department of Food Science, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Erin M Nawrocki
- E. coli Reference Center, Department of Food Science, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Yezhi Fu
- E. coli Reference Center, Department of Food Science, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Edward Dudley
- E. coli Reference Center, Department of Food Science, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Stephen W Mamber
- Office of Planning, Analysis and Risk Management, Food Safety and Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, USA
| | - John Hicks
- Office of Policy and Program Development, Food Safety and Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC, USA
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Willey-Courand D, Bui T, Dudley E, Coburn L, Flores D, Dorsett S, Vavrina K, Elliott A, Nieto A. 95 Increasing vitamin D levels and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry screening using a microsystems approach. J Cyst Fibros 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(22)00786-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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M’ikanatha NM, Yin X, Fu Y, Sayeed S, Carr C, Dettinger L, Hackman N, Dudley E, Tate H. 230. Nontyphoidal Salmonella from Clinical and Retail Meat Sources Reveal Antimicrobial Resistance Genes for Ceftriaxone and Ciprofloxacin. Open Forum Infect Dis 2021. [PMCID: PMC8645062 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofab466.432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pennsylvania participates in the National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System (NARMS), which includes monitoring of Nontyphoidal Salmonella (NTS), a leading cause of bacterial foodborne illnesses in the United States. Methods Clinical NTS isolates submitted to the Pennsylvania Department of Health (2015-18) were tested for susceptibility to 15 antimicrobial agents and analyzed by whole-genome sequencing (WGS). Concurrently, we conducted a prospective microbiological survey of NTS in retail meat products (chicken breasts, ground turkey, and pork chops) with susceptibility testing and WGS. Results Of a sample of 426 clinical Salmonella isolates from humans analyzed for antimicrobial susceptibility, 65 (15.3%) had decreased susceptibility to ciprofloxacin (DSC). Ampicillin resistance was observed in 39 (9.2%) and 15 (3.5%) were ceftriaxone-resistant. Ten ceftriaxone-resistant isolates had genetic elements that confer resistance to third generation extended-spectrum cephalosporins (ESC) [blaCMY−2, n=8 and blaCTX-M-65, n=2]. The blaCTX-M-65- positive isolates had a mutation in gyrA that confers fluoroquinolone resistance. Thirteen clinical isolates carried plasmid-mediated fluoroquinolone resistance genes (PMQR) [qnrB19, qnrS1, qnrA1]. We detected NTS in 131 (3.8%) of 3480 meat samples tested. 7 (5.3%) had DSC, while 38 (29%) and 21 (16%) were resistant to ampicillin and ceftriaxone, respectively. Four S. Infantis isolates had DSC and a blaCTX-M-65 gene plus a mutation in gyrA. Thirteen meat isolates had the blaCMY-2 gene. One additional blaCTX-M-65-positive S. Infantis without gyrA from ground turkey (SRR6351119) differed from four clinical isolates by ≤10 single-nucleotide polymorphisms. Percent of isolates from patients and meat sources that demonstrated resistance to amoxicillin-clavulanate (AMC), ceftriaxone, and decreased susceptibility to ciprofloxacin (DSC) to nine antimicrobial classes tested. ![]()
Among isolates from patients, resistance to ceftriaxone, a third-generation cephalosporin preferred for severe infections in children, increased from zero in 2015 to 5.8% in 2017. Overall, DSC increased in isolates from human sources while in strains from meat sources, DSC increased from zero in 2015 to over five percent in 2018. Conclusion NTS isolated from human and meat sources were multi-drug resistant. Demonstration of similar resistance genes in meat and in ill humans may be consistent with spread of antibiotic-resistant pathogens from food sources. Dissemination of genes that confer resistance to third generation cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones, including some on mobile plasmids, may undermine recommended treatment for severe NTS infections. These results underscore the need for antimicrobial stewardship efforts in both agriculture and human medicine. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xin Yin
- Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Yezhi Fu
- Penn State University, State College, Pennsylvania
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Abstract
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing-based subtyping tools are useful for rapid analyses of Salmonella isolates. Here we describe the process of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat-multiple virulence locus sequence typing (CRISPR-MVLST) for Salmonella subtyping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikki Shariat
- Department of Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
| | - Edward Dudley
- Department of Food Science, College of Agricultural Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
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6
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Swithenbank L, Cox P, Harris LG, Dudley E, Sinclair K, Lewis P, Cappiello F, Morgan C. Temporin A and Bombinin H2 Antimicrobial Peptides Exhibit Selective Cytotoxicity to Lung Cancer Cells. Scientifica (Cairo) 2020; 2020:3526286. [PMID: 32676212 PMCID: PMC7341413 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3526286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been investigated for their use in cancer therapy. They have been reported to selectively target and kill cancer cells whilst leaving normal healthy cells unaffected. Certain Anura AMPs have expressed selective cytotoxicity against tumour cells. AIM To test the potential of Anura AMPs bombinin H2, bombinin H4, temporin A, and temporin L for use as therapeutic agents for non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). METHODS Cytotoxic effects on NSCLC cell lines A549 and Calu-3 and normal epithelial cell line Beas-2B were tested using the CellTox Green Cytotoxicity Assay. Their haemolytic effects on human erythrocytes were also tested for their clinical relevance. Cell membrane profiling, using MALDI-TOF, was performed to ascertain if membrane characteristics of the NSCLC and Beas-2B cell lines may contribute to the AMPs mode of action. RESULTS Bombinin H4 (100-1.5 μM, p < 0.05) and temporin A (100-50 μM, p < 0.05) showed selective cytotoxicity towards the NSCLC cell lines. Furthermore, they exhibited low levels of haemolytic activity (bombinin H4, 0.061%; temporin A, 0.874%) comparable to untreated cells. Cell membrane profiling showed the phospholipid composition of normal epithelial cell line Beas-2B to be divergent from the cancerous cell lines. However, there was an overlap in the phospholipid profiles of the NSCLC cell lines supporting the hypothesis that the AMPs may have a selective affinity via the membrane composition of cancerous cell lines. CONCLUSION These results suggest that bombinin H4 and temporin A show potential for application in lung cancer therapies. Further in vitro and in vivo studies are required to develop a greater understanding of their use as anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Swithenbank
- Swansea University Medical School, Institute of Life Science, Swansea University, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Phillipa Cox
- Swansea University Medical School, Institute of Life Science, Swansea University, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Llinos G. Harris
- Swansea University Medical School, Institute of Life Science, Swansea University, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Edward Dudley
- Swansea University Medical School, Institute of Life Science, Swansea University, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Kathryn Sinclair
- Swansea University Medical School, Institute of Life Science, Swansea University, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Paul Lewis
- Swansea University Medical School, Institute of Life Science, Swansea University, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Floriana Cappiello
- Department of Biochemical Sciences “A. Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Claire Morgan
- Swansea University Medical School, Institute of Life Science, Swansea University, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK
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Moody S, Bull J, Dudley E, Loveridge E. The impact of combinatorial stress on the growth dynamics and metabolome of
Burkholderia mesoacidophila
demonstrates the complexity of tolerance mechanisms. J Appl Microbiol 2019; 127:1521-1531. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.14404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S.C. Moody
- College of Science Swansea University Swansea UK
- School of Sport, Health and Social Sciences Solent University Southampton UK
| | - J.C. Bull
- College of Science Swansea University Swansea UK
| | - E. Dudley
- College of Medicine Swansea University Swansea UK
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8
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Gazze SA, Hallin I, Quinn G, Dudley E, Matthews GP, Rees P, van Keulen G, Doerr SH, Francis LW. Organic matter identifies the nano-mechanical properties of native soil aggregates. Nanoscale 2018; 10:520-525. [PMID: 29239448 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr07070e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Localized variations at the nanoscale in soil aggregates and in the spatial organisation of soil organic matter (SOM) are critical to understanding the factors involved in soil composition and turnover. However soil nanoscience has been hampered by the lack of suitable methods to determine soil biophysical properties at nanometre spatial resolution with minimal sample preparation. Here we introduce for the first time an Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM)-based Quantitative Nano-Mechanical mapping (QNM) approach that allows the characterisation of the role of SOM in controlling surface nano-mechanical properties of soil aggregates. SOM coverage resulted in an increased roughness and surface variability of soil, as well as in decreased stiffness and adhesive properties. The latter also correlates with nano- to macro-wettability features as determined by contact angle measurements and Water Drop Penetration Time (WDPT) testing. AFM thus represents an ideal quantitative tool to complement existing techniques within the emerging field of soil nanoscience.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Gazze
- Swansea University Medical School, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK.
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9
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Dudley E. Book Review: Careering along with books: studies in the history of British public libraries and librarianship in honour of the 85th birthday of Dr William A. Munford. Journal of Librarianship and Information Science 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/096100069702900215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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10
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Dudley E, Fisher B. Book Revieqw: Coaching in the library: A management strategy for achieving excellence. Journal of Librarianship and Information Science 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/096100060203400211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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11
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Dudley E, Kumiega LU. Book Review: The library and information work primer, second edition. Journal of Librarianship and Information Science 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/096100060203400209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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12
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Dudley E, Moran G. Book Review: Intellectual freedom manual, 6th edition. Journal of Librarianship and Information Science 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/096100060203400207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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13
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Dudley E, Adam R. Book Review: Developing skills for the information services workforce in the knowledge economy: a report on the outcomes of eight scenario-planning workshops (LIC Research Report 122). Journal of Librarianship and Information Science 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/096100060203400307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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14
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Dudley E, Lovecy I. Book Review: The wired world: an introduction to the theory and practice of the information society. Journal of Librarianship and Information Science 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/096100060203400212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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15
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Dudley E, Mcllwaine I. Book Reviews : Hamilton, Feona Current awareness, current techniques. 1 995, Aldershot: Gower xii, 175pp, £35.00, ISBN 0 566 07626 8. Journal of Librarianship and Information Science 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/096100069602800206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Edward Dudley
- School of Library, Archive and Information Studies, University College London
| | - I.C. Mcllwaine
- School of Library, Archive and Information Studies, University College London
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Dudley E, Duffy A. Book Review: Managing information resources in libraries: collection management in theory and practice, Using the internet as a reference tool: a how-to-do-it manual for librarians. Journal of Librarianship and Information Science 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/096100060203400210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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17
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Dudley E, Duckett B. Book Review: Oxford Reference Online. Journal of Librarianship and Information Science 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/096100060203400306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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18
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Dudley E, Cornish GP. Book Reviews : Oppenheim, Charles The legal and regulatory environment for electronic information, second edition. 1995, Calne (Wiltshire): Infonortics Ltd, 132pp, £95.00, ISBN 1 873699 23 9. Journal of Librarianship and Information Science 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/096100069602800307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Dudley E, Oppenheim C. Book Review: Evaluating networked information services. Journal of Librarianship and Information Science 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/096100060203400213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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20
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Dudley E, Bunch AJ. Book Review: America’s library: the story of the Library of Congress, 1800-2000. Journal of Librarianship and Information Science 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/096100060203400206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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21
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Dudley E. Book Reviews : Paris, Michael The novels of World War Two: an annotated bibliography of World War Two fiction. 1990, London: Library Association Publishing Ltd, xii, 184pp, £21.00, ISBN 0 85365 918 4. Journal of Librarianship and Information Science 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/096100069102300107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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22
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Dudley E, Yeates R. Book Review: Information sources and searching on the World Wide Web, Managing electronic reserves, Usability testing for library web sites: A hands-on guide. Journal of Librarianship and Information Science 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/096100060203400208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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23
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Dudley E. Book Review: Review articles. Journal of Librarianship and Information Science 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/096100060303500106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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24
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Dudley E, Line MB. Book Review: Statistical methods for the information professional: a practical, painless approach to understanding, using, and interpreting statistics. Journal of Librarianship and Information Science 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/096100060103300411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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25
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Dudley E, Daines G. Book Review: LISU annual library statistics 2000: featuring trend analysis of UK public and academic libraries 1989-99. Journal of Librarianship and Information Science 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/096100060103300407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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26
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Dudley E, Pateman J. Book Review: Staff development: a practical guide, 3rd edition. Journal of Librarianship and Information Science 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/096100060103300406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - John Pateman
- Libraries and Heritage Services, London Borough of Merton
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27
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Dudley E, MacNaughtan A. Book Review: Competing with knowledge: the information professional in the knowledge management age. Journal of Librarianship and Information Science 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/096100060103300410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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28
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Dudley E, Humphreys GP. Book Reviews : Kaye, David Information and business: an introduction. 1991, London: Library Association Publishing, £29.50, pp, 240 ISBN 0851574629. Journal of Librarianship and Information Science 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/096100069202400106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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29
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Dudley E, Moran G. Book Review: Ethical Issues of Information Technology, Library Trends, Winter 2001, 49(3). Journal of Librarianship and Information Science 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/096100060103300408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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30
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Dudley E. Book Review: A Handbook of Ethical Practice: A Practical Guide to Dealing with Ethical Issues in Information and Library Work by David McMenemy, Alan Poulter and Paul F. Burton. Journal of Librarianship and Information Science 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/09610006070390040602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Dudley E, Peatling GK. Book Review: Gendering library history. Journal of Librarianship and Information Science 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/096100060103300412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Dudley E, Thornton S. Book Review: Intelligent technologies in library and information service applications. Journal of Librarianship and Information Science 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/096100060103300409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Ngounou Wetie AG, Wormwood K, Thome J, Dudley E, Taurines R, Gerlach M, Woods AG, Darie CC. A pilot proteomic study of protein markers in autism spectrum disorder. Electrophoresis 2014; 35:2046-54. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201300370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Revised: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 03/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Armand G. Ngounou Wetie
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science; Biochemistry and Proteomics Group; Clarkson University; Potsdam NY USA
| | - Kelly Wormwood
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science; Biochemistry and Proteomics Group; Clarkson University; Potsdam NY USA
| | - Johannes Thome
- Department of Psychiatry; University of Rostock; Rostock Germany
- College of Medicine; Swansea University; Swansea UK
| | | | - Regina Taurines
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry; Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy; University of Würzburg; Germany
| | - Manfred Gerlach
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry; Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy; University of Würzburg; Germany
| | - Alisa G. Woods
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science; Biochemistry and Proteomics Group; Clarkson University; Potsdam NY USA
| | - Costel C. Darie
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science; Biochemistry and Proteomics Group; Clarkson University; Potsdam NY USA
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Diz AP, Dudley E, Cogswell A, MacDonald BW, Kenchington ELR, Zouros E, Skibinski DOF. Proteomic analysis of eggs from Mytilus edulis females differing in mitochondrial DNA transmission mode. Mol Cell Proteomics 2013; 12:3068-80. [PMID: 23869045 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m113.031401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Many bivalves have an unusual mechanism of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) inheritance called doubly uniparental inheritance (DUI) in which distinctly different genomes are inherited through the female (F genome) and male (M genome) lineages. In fertilized eggs that will develop into male embryos, the sperm mitochondria remain in an aggregation, which is believed to be delivered to the primordial germ cells and passed to the next generation through the sperm. In fertilized eggs that will develop into female embryos, the sperm mitochondria are dispersed throughout the developing embryo and make little if any contribution to the next generation. The frequency of embryos with the aggregated or dispersed mitochondrial type varies among females. Previous models of DUI have predicted that maternal nuclear factors cause molecular differences among unfertilized eggs from females producing embryos with predominantly dispersed or aggregated mitochondria. We test this hypothesis using females of each of the two types from a natural population. We have found small, yet detectable, differences of the predicted type at the proteome level. We also provide evidence that eggs of females giving the dispersed pattern have consistently lower expression for different proteasome subunits than eggs of females giving the aggregated pattern. These results, combined with those of an earlier study in which we used hatchery lines of Mytilus, and with a transcriptomic study in a clam that has the DUI system of mtDNA transmission, reinforce the hypothesis that the ubiquitin-proteasome system plays a key role in the mechanism of DUI and sex determination in bivalves. We also report that eggs of females giving the dispersed pattern have higher expression for arginine kinase and enolase, enzymes involved in energy production, whereas ferritin, which is involved in iron homeostasis, has lower expression. We discuss these results in the context of genetic models for DUI and suggest experimental methods for further understanding the role of these proteins in DUI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel P Diz
- Institute of Life Science, College of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea SA28PP, Wales UK
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35
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Bond AE, Bodger O, Skibinski DOF, Jones DH, Restall CJ, Dudley E, van Keulen G. Negatively-marked MCQ assessments that reward partial knowledge do not introduce gender bias yet increase student performance and satisfaction and reduce anxiety. PLoS One 2013; 8:e55956. [PMID: 23437081 PMCID: PMC3577794 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2012] [Accepted: 01/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple-choice question (MCQ) examinations are increasingly used as the assessment method of theoretical knowledge in large class-size modules in many life science degrees. MCQ-tests can be used to objectively measure factual knowledge, ability and high-level learning outcomes, but may also introduce gender bias in performance dependent on topic, instruction, scoring and difficulty. The 'Single Answer' (SA) test is often used in which students choose one correct answer, in which they are unable to demonstrate partial knowledge. Negatively marking eliminates the chance element of guessing but may be considered unfair. Elimination testing (ET) is an alternative form of MCQ, which discriminates between all levels of knowledge, while rewarding demonstration of partial knowledge. Comparisons of performance and gender bias in negatively marked SA and ET tests have not yet been performed in the life sciences. Our results show that life science students were significantly advantaged by answering the MCQ test in elimination format compared to single answer format under negative marking conditions by rewarding partial knowledge of topics. Importantly, we found no significant difference in performance between genders in either cohort for either MCQ test under negative marking conditions. Surveys showed that students generally preferred ET-style MCQ testing over SA-style testing. Students reported feeling more relaxed taking ET MCQ and more stressed when sitting SA tests, while disagreeing with being distracted by thinking about best tactics for scoring high. Students agreed ET testing improved their critical thinking skills. We conclude that appropriately-designed MCQ tests do not systematically discriminate between genders. We recommend careful consideration in choosing the type of MCQ test, and propose to apply negative scoring conditions to each test type to avoid the introduction of gender bias. The student experience could be improved through the incorporation of the elimination answering methods in MCQ tests via rewarding partial and full knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Elizabeth Bond
- Institute of Life Science, College of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea, Wales, United Kingdom
- Advanced Professional Training in Bioscience, College of Science, Swansea University, Swansea, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Owen Bodger
- Institute of Life Science, College of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - David O. F. Skibinski
- Institute of Life Science, College of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - D. Hugh Jones
- Institute of Life Science, College of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Colin J. Restall
- Institute of Life Science, College of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Edward Dudley
- Institute of Life Science, College of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Geertje van Keulen
- Institute of Life Science, College of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea, Wales, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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Abstract
Measuring biomarkers to identify and assess illness is a strategy growing in popularity and relevance. Although already in clinical use for treating and predicting cancer, no biological measurement is used clinically for any psychiatric disorder. Biomarkers could predict the course of a medical problem, and aid in determining how and when to treat. Several studies have indicated that of candidate psychiatric biomarkers detected using proteomic techniques, cholesterol and associated proteins, specifically apolipoproteins (Apos), may be of interest. Cholesterol is necessary for brain development and its synthesis continues at a lower rate in the adult brain. Apos are the protein component of lipoproteins responsible for lipid transport. There is extensive evidence that the levels of cholesterol and Apos may be disturbed in psychiatric disorders, including autistic spectrum disorders (ASD). Here, we describe putative serum biomarkers for psychiatric disorders, and the role of cholesterol and Apos in central nervous system (CNS) disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisa G Woods
- Department of Chemistry & Biomolecular Science, Biochemistry & Proteomics Group, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699, USA.
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Diz AP, Dudley E, Skibinski DOF. Identification and characterization of highly expressed proteins in sperm cells of the marine mussel Mytilus edulis. Proteomics 2012; 12:1949-56. [PMID: 22623270 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201100500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Proteomic analysis on sperm has been restricted to only a few model organisms. We present here a 2DE PAGE proteome map of sperm cells from a nonmodel organism, the marine mussel Mytilus edulis, a free-spawning marine invertebrate with external fertilization. Ninety-six protein spots showing high expression were selected and of these 77 were successfully identified by nESI-MS analysis. Many of the identifications are relevant to sperm cell physiology and mtDNA functioning. The results and proteomics approach used are discussed in relation to their potential for advancing understanding of the unusual system of mtDNA inheritance described in Mytilus spp., and for the testing of evolutionary hypotheses pertaining to the role of fertilization in the speciation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel P Diz
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain.
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38
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Forbes-Robertson S, Dudley E, Vadgama P, Cook C, Drawer S, Kilduff L. Circadian disruption and remedial interventions: effects and interventions for jet lag for athletic peak performance. Sports Med 2012; 42:185-208. [PMID: 22299812 DOI: 10.2165/11596850-000000000-00000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Jet lag has potentially serious deleterious effects on performance in athletes following transmeridian travel, where time zones are crossed eastwards or westwards; as such, travel causes specific effects related to desynchronization of the athlete's internal body clock or circadian clock. Athletes are particularly sensitive to the effects of jet lag, as many intrinsic aspects of sporting performance show a circadian rhythm, and optimum competitive results require all aspects of the athlete's mind and body to be working in tandem at their peak efficiency. International competition often requires transmeridian travel, and competition timings cannot be adjusted to suit individual athletes. It is therefore in the interest of the individual athlete and team to understand the effects of jet lag and the potential adaptation strategies that can be adopted. In this review, we describe the underlying genetic and physiological mechanisms controlling the circadian clock and its inherent ability to adapt to external conditions on a daily basis. We then examine the fundamentals of the various adaptation stimuli, such as light, chronobiotics (e.g. melatonin), exercise, and diet and meal timing, with particular emphasis on their suitability as strategies for competing athletes on the international circuit. These stimuli can be artificially manipulated to produce phase shifts in the circadian rhythm to promote adaptation in the optimum direction, but care must be taken to apply them at the correct time and dose, as the effects produced on the circadian rhythm follow a phase-response curve, with pronounced shifts in direction at different times. Light is the strongest realigning stimulus and careful timing of light exposure and avoidance can promote adjustment. Chronobiotics such as melatonin can also be used to realign the circadian clock but, as well as timing and dosage issues, there are also concerns as to its legal status in different countries and with the World Anti-Doping Agency. Experimental data concerning the effects of food intake and exercise timing on jet lag is limited to date in humans, and more research is required before firm guidelines can be stated. All these stimuli can also be used in pre-flight adaptation strategies to promote adjustment in the required direction, and implementation of these is described. In addition, the effects of individual variability at the behavioural and genetic levels are also discussed, along with the current limitations in assessment of these factors, and we then put forward three case studies, as examples of practical applications of these strategies, focusing on adaptations to travel involving competition in the Rugby Sevens World Cup and the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Finally, we provide a list of practice points for optimal adaptation of athletes to jet lag.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Forbes-Robertson
- Sport and Exercise Science Portfolio, School of Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea, UK.
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39
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Meister L, Alawam K, Dudley E, Taurines R, Müller SE, Walter M, Höppner J, Teipel S, Donev RM, Eckert A, Wiesbeck GA, Thome J. Pilot study of the application of magnetic bead protein profiling to the study of biomarkers in addiction research. World J Biol Psychiatry 2011; 12 Suppl 1:80-4. [PMID: 21906001 DOI: 10.3109/15622975.2011.598712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Proteomic technologies based on mass spectrometry are increasingly used as a valuable tool in clinical research allowing high-throughput protein and peptide profiling to be undertaken. Whilst previous research has focussed the application of this novel technology on the study of patients with disorders compared to comparable individuals from the healthy population, this current study seeks to determine the effect of successful treatment for alcoholism on the serum protein profile obtained. METHODS Serum samples were collected from patients after initial treatment for alcohol abuse and also 6 months after treatment. The serum samples were prepared for analysis using reverse phase magnetic bead fractionation and the resulting peptides analysed by matrix assisted laser desorption ionisation time-of-flight (MALDI-ToF) mass spectrometry. RESULTS Whilst the majority of the peptides detected by this approach exhibited constant levels between the two time points, three peptides were elevated at the 6-month time point compared to the initial sampling. CONCLUSIONS Whilst disorders with very clear biological causes (such as cancer) exhibit significantly different peptide profiles, psychiatric disorders such as alcohol addiction which are multifactorial show less obvious changes. Despite this the two groups of samples could statistically be distinguished by certain peptides expression levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Meister
- Division of Substance Use Disorders, Psychiatric Hospital of University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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40
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Bond AE, Row PE, Dudley E. Post-translation modification of proteins; methodologies and applications in plant sciences. Phytochemistry 2011; 72:975-96. [PMID: 21353264 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2011.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2010] [Revised: 10/21/2010] [Accepted: 01/21/2011] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Proteins have the potential to undergo a variety of post-translational modifications and the different methods available to study these cellular processes has advanced rapidly with the continuing development of proteomic technologies. In this review we aim to detail five major post-translational modifications (phosphorylation, glycosylaion, lipid modification, ubiquitination and redox-related modifications), elaborate on the techniques that have been developed for their analysis and briefly discuss the study of these modifications in selected areas of plant science.
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Affiliation(s)
- A E Bond
- Biochemistry Group, College of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
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41
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Valadez AM, Debroy C, Dudley E, Cutter CN. Multiplex PCR detection of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli strains belonging to serogroups O157, O103, O91, O113, O145, O111, and O26 experimentally inoculated in beef carcass swabs, beef trim, and ground beef. J Food Prot 2011; 74:228-39. [PMID: 21333142 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-10-386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Numerous foodborne outbreaks are attributed to Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) and have been recognized for causing gastrointestinal disease in humans. Beef products have been considered the principal source of STEC. A multiplex PCR assay enabling simultaneous detection of STEC O103, O91, O113, O145, O111, O157, and O26 was developed and evaluated in artificially contaminated beef carcass swabs, beef trim, and ground beef after overnight enrichment. Individual serogroups were experimentally inoculated at low (1 to 10 CFU/ml) and high (11 to 100 CFU/ml) levels, and with a cocktail of strains belonging to two, four, and six serogroups. There was no significant difference in detecting single STEC strains under the different conditions. Only when strains were combined were there significant differences in detection of all cocktail isolates in some of the beef products. To address this issue, four serogroups were experimentally inoculated together at three different estimated levels (10, 10(2), and 10(3) CFU/ml) in all three beef products. Results yielded no significant difference in detecting STEC at the three inoculation levels (10, 10(2), and 10(3) CFU/ml) in trim and carcass swabs, but there was a significant difference in detecting STEC at the lowest levels (10 and 10(2) CFU/ml) in the 80:20 nonirradiated ground beef, and in the detection of STEC in irradiated ground beef. The findings from this study could provide industry and government agencies with a tool to evaluate the prevalence and incidence of STEC in beef products and their processing environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela M Valadez
- Department of Food Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
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42
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Abstract
Psychiatric disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia and mood disorders are severe and disabling conditions of largely unknown origin and poorly understood pathophysiology. An accurate diagnosis and treatment of these disorders is often complicated by their aetiological and clinical heterogeneity. In recent years proteomic technologies based on mass spectrometry have been increasingly used, especially in the search for diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in neuropsychiatric disorders. Proteomics enable an automated high-throughput protein determination revealing expression levels, post-translational modifications and complex protein-interaction networks. In contrast to other methods such as molecular genetics, proteomics provide the opportunity to determine modifications at the protein level thereby possibly being more closely related to pathophysiological processes underlying the clinical phenomenology of specific psychiatric conditions. In this article we review the theoretical background of proteomics and its most commonly utilized techniques. Furthermore the current impact of proteomic research on diverse psychiatric diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, mood and anxiety disorders, drug abuse and autism, is discussed. Proteomic methods are expected to gain crucial significance in psychiatric research and neuropharmacology over the coming decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina Taurines
- Academic Unit of Psychiatry, The School of Medicine, Institute of Life Science, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK
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43
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Harris L, Dudley E, Rohde H, Mack D. P07.09 Quorum sensing accessory gene regulator (agr)-specificity groups in Staphylococcus epidermidis from prosthetic joint and catheter infections. J Hosp Infect 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s0195-6701(10)60069-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Taurines R, Dudley E, Conner AC, Grassl J, Jans T, Guderian F, Mehler-Wex C, Warnke A, Gerlach M, Thome J. Serum protein profiling and proteomics in autistic spectrum disorder using magnetic bead-assisted mass spectrometry. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2010; 260:249-55. [PMID: 19784855 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-009-0066-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2009] [Accepted: 09/15/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The pathophysiology of autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) is not fully understood and there are no diagnostic or predictive biomarkers. Proteomic profiling has been used in the past for biomarker research in several non-psychiatric and psychiatric disorders and could provide new insights, potentially presenting a useful tool for generating such biomarkers in autism. Serum protein pre-fractionation with C8-magnetic beads and protein profiling by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation-time of flight-mass spectrometry (MALDI-ToF-MS) were used to identify possible differences in protein profiles in patients and controls. Serum was obtained from 16 patients (aged 8-18) and age-matched controls. Three peaks in the MALDI-ToF-MS significantly differentiated the ASD sample from the control group. Sub-grouping the ASD patients into children with and without comorbid Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder, ADHD (ASD/ADHD+ patients, n = 9; ASD/ADHD- patients, n = 7), one peak distinguished the ASD/ADHD+ patients from controls and ASD/ADHD- patients. Our results suggest that altered protein levels in peripheral blood of patients with ASD might represent useful biomarkers for this devastating psychiatric disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina Taurines
- Academic Unit of Psychiatry, Institute of Life Science, The School of Medicine, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK
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Abstract
While a great emphasis has been placed on global metabolomic analysis in recent years, the application of metabolomic style analyses to specific subsets of compounds (targeted metabolomics) also has merits in addressing biological questions in a more hypothesis-driven manner. These analyses are designed to selectively extract information regarding a group of related metabolites from the complex mixture of biomolecules present in most metabolomic samples. Furthermore, targeted metabolomics can also be applied to metabolism within macromolecules, hence furthering the systems biology impact of the analysis. This chapter describes the difference between the global metabolomics approach and the undertaking of metabolomics in a targeted manner and describes the application of this type of analysis in a number of biologically and medically relevant fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Dudley
- Institute of Mass Spectrometry, Swansea University, United Kingdom
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46
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Bexfield A, Bond A, Morgan C, Wagstaff J, Newton R, Ratcliffe N, Dudley E, Nigam Y. Amino acid derivatives from Lucilia sericata
excretions/secretions may contribute to the beneficial effects of maggot therapy via increased angiogenesis. Br J Dermatol 2009; 162:554-62. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2009.09530.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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47
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Godfrey AR, Williams CM, Dudley E, Newton RP, Willshaw P, Mikhail A, Bastin L, Brenton AG. Investigation of uremic analytes in hemodialysate and their structural elucidation from accurate mass maps generated by a multi-dimensional liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry approach. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2009; 23:3194-3204. [PMID: 19718779 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.4235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Historically, structural elucidation of unknown analytes by mass spectrometry alone has involved tandem mass spectrometry experiments using electron ionization. Most target molecules for bioanalysis in the metabolome are unsuitable for detection by this previous methodology. Recent publications have used high-resolution accurate mass analysis using an LTQ-Orbitrap with the more modern approach of electrospray ionization to identify new metabolites of known metabolic pathways. We have investigated the use of this methodology to build accurate mass fragmentation maps for the structural elucidation of unknown compounds. This has included the development and validation of a novel multi-dimensional LC/MS/MS methodology to identify known uremic analytes in a clinical hemodialysate sample. Good inter- and intra-day reproducibility of both chromatographic stages with a high degree of mass accuracy and precision was achieved with the multi-dimensional liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) system. Fragmentation maps were generated most successfully using collision-induced dissociation (CID) as, unlike high-energy CID (HCD), ions formed by this technique could be fragmented further. Structural elucidation is more challenging for large analytes >270 Da and distinguishing between isomers where their initial fragmentation pattern is insufficiently different. For small molecules (<200 Da), where fragmentation data may be obtained without loss of signal intensity, complete structures can be proposed from just the accurate mass fragmentation data. This methodology has led to the discovery of a selection of known uremic analytes and two completely novel moieties with chemical structural assignments made.
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Affiliation(s)
- A R Godfrey
- Institute of Mass Spectrometry, School of Medicine, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK.
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48
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Abstract
Changes in library and information professional communications and journal publication in the last two decades are considered. Journals of professional bodies such as the Library Association and Aslib have now been sold to commercial publishers. The emergence of electronic journals is exemplified. Electronic discussion lists and newer forms of interactive communication, e.g. blogs and social networking sites, are discussed. The time spent in accessing and using e-sources of professional information should lead to improved services to users. Professional lines of communication are at an early stage of transformation, the progress of which needs analysis and description.
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Conner AC, Kissling C, Hodges E, Hünnerkopf R, Clement RM, Dudley E, Freitag CM, Rösler M, Retz W, Thome J. Neurotrophic factor-related gene polymorphisms and adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) score in a high-risk male population. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2008; 147B:1476-80. [PMID: 18428117 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.30632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a widely under-reported but nevertheless common condition with a clear heritable component. Several genes have been proposed to play a role in the childhood onset of this neurodevelopmental disorder; however, association studies of persistence of ADHD into adulthood have rarely been performed. Neurotrophic factors (NTFs) are known to be involved in several aspects of neuronal development and neural plasticity in adults. They have also been linked, particularly through brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) interaction with dopamine transport, to the pathophysiology of ADHD. This study compares the genotypes of six different single nucleotide polymorphisms of genes within the neurotrophin system and their possible association with adult ADHD score in 143 high-risk male subjects referred to a forensic psychiatric unit. The genes included NTF3, NTRK2 (TrkB), NTRK3 (TrkC), BDNF, and p75(NTR). While none of the SNPs showed significant association with ADHD symptoms, one polymorphism within the exon of NTF3 (rs6332) showed a trend toward an association between the A-allele and increased scores using both the retrospective childhood analysis Wender-Utah Rating Scale (WURS-k) (P = 0.05) and the adult ADHD assessment Wender-Reimherr interview (P = 0.03). This SNP is a silent mutation which might be in linkage disequilibrium with a functional risk variant for ADHD. As the association was only suggestive, however, this finding needs replication in a larger study with higher power.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex C Conner
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Life Science, The School of Medicine, University of Wales Swansea, Swansea, UK
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50
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Ding S, Bond AE, Lemière F, Tuytten R, Esmans EL, Brenton AG, Dudley E, Newton RP. Online immobilized metal affinity chromatography/mass spectrometric analysis of changes elicited by cCMP in the murine brain phosphoproteome. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2008; 22:4129-4138. [PMID: 19023864 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.3834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
An automated online immobilized metal affinity chromatography/high-performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometric (IMAC-HPLC/MS/MS) method was developed to study cytidine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cCMP)-specific protein phosphorylation, analogous to a previously successful offline IMAC method using microvolume IMAC pipette tips. The optimized method identified murine brain phosphoproteins selectively modified by challenge with cCMP, using manual interpretation of the results to confirm both phosphorylation and selectivity of response to cCMP. A number of proteins identified by this strategy have potential roles in hyperproliferation, a previously reported response to elevated levels of cCMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ding
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Biosciences, Swansea University, SOTEAS, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK
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