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Patel S, Verma N, Padhi P, Shah S, Nanda R, Mohapatra E. An Approach to Re-evaluate the Reference Cutoff of the Parameters of Newborn Screening: An Observational Study. Cureus 2023; 15:e45139. [PMID: 37842412 PMCID: PMC10570011 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.45139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Unless a cutoff level of the parameters of newborn screening (NBS) is defined, a screening test's results would end in high recall rates and apprehensive parents. The study aimed to establish a cutoff level of the healthy term newborns. Materials and methods The study was a retrospective observational data analysis on a cohort of 1158 term newborns who underwent NBS in our institute. The percentile distribution of the NBS parameters was computed and the 99th percentile value was considered the new cutoff. For lower values, such as neonatal glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (nG6PD) and neonatal biotinidase (nBIOT), low percentile values were regarded as new cutoff value. Results Neonatal thyroid stimulating hormone (nTSH), nG6PD, neonatal immunoreactive trypsinogen (nIRT), and nBIOT showed a wide variation in the distribution. Most newborns had neonatal galactose (nGAL), nIRT, and nBIOT values above the median. The 99th percentile value of nTSH was 14.5 mIU/L, and that of neonatal 17-hydroxyprogesterone (n17-OHP) was 43.7 nmol/L. The 1.0th percentile value for nG6PD was decreased to 2.18 IU/gHb. The new cutoff values for nBIOT, nIRT, neonatal phenylketonuria (nPKU) and nGAL were 48.59 U, 95.3 µg/L, 2.3 mg/dL and 15.9 mg/dL. The mean and median nTSH values did not significantly differ (p=0.99) in the first five days of birth. On the contrary, the study population depicted considerably raised levels of n17-OHP on day 3, followed by a sharp decrease (p=0.029). Similarly, nIRT displayed significant differences in the first five days (p=0.017). Conclusion Using the 99th percentile values of the NBS parameters as the new cutoff levels might be beneficial in terms of the recall rates and cost burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suprava Patel
- Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Raipur, IND
| | - Neharani Verma
- Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Raipur, IND
| | - Phalguni Padhi
- Neonatology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Raipur, IND
| | - Seema Shah
- Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Raipur, IND
| | - Rachita Nanda
- Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Raipur, IND
| | - Eli Mohapatra
- Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Raipur, IND
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2
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Nanda R, Gupta P, Giri AK, Patel S, Shah S, Mohapatra E. Serological Evaluation of Antibody Titers After Vaccination Against COVID-19 in 18-44-Year-Old Individuals at a Tertiary Care Center. Cureus 2023; 15:e40543. [PMID: 37465786 PMCID: PMC10350605 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.40543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The evaluation of the effectiveness of the vaccines (ChAdOx1-nCOV; Covishield and BBV-152; Covaxin) against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is necessary to assess their efficacy. Because most antibodies that neutralize the coronavirus are directed against the receptor binding domain within the spike protein of the virus, these antibodies serve as markers for viral neutralizers and, in turn, for vaccine response. The present study aimed to evaluate the anti-neutralizing antibody (receptor binding domain (RBD)) and immunoglobulin G2 (IgG2) titers following the completion of the vaccination schedule (both vaccines) against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Methodology In this longitudinal prospective study, conducted in a tertiary care center, 30 sequentially (two doses) vaccinated study participants between the ages of 18 and 44 years were sampled for estimation of anti-RBD antibody titer and IgG2. All statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 20 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). P-values less than 0.05 were considered significant. Results There was a statistically significant increase in the neutralizing antibody titer after one month of the second dose (z = -4.597, p < 0.001), while a significant decrease was seen in the IgG2 levels (z = -3.075, p = 0.002). The results showed a significant neutralizing effect of the vaccines being used, with Covishield being more effective than Covaxin. The levels of neutralizing antibodies were independent of all demographic variables such as age, sex, and body mass index. Conclusions This study evaluating the efficacy of the two vaccines, namely, Covishield and Covaxin, is the first of its kind in the state of Chhattisgarh. The results of this study are similar to previous studies conducted in India and outside India, concluding that Covishield is a more effective vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachita Nanda
- Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Raipur, IND
| | - Prishni Gupta
- Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Raipur, IND
| | - Anjan Kumar Giri
- Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Raipur, IND
| | - Suprava Patel
- Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Raipur, IND
| | - Seema Shah
- Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Raipur, IND
| | - Eli Mohapatra
- Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Raipur, IND
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3
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Gupta P, Mohapatra E, Patel S, Patnayak LL, Nanda R, Shah S, Abraham J, Behera A, Jindal A. Effect of the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) (I/D) Polymorphism in COVID-19 Patients and Their Healthy Contacts. Cureus 2023; 15:e38610. [PMID: 37284379 PMCID: PMC10239705 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.38610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The quest to understand the pathophysiology behind the deleterious effects of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak took a turn when involvement of the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) receptors in different organs, especially the lungs, could explain all the clinical manifestations and adverse events in patients. The I/D polymorphism in the ACE gene, having been attributed in various studies, was also seen to have an effect in this pandemic. Present study aimed to analyze the effect of this I/D mutation in COVID-19 patients and in their healthy contacts. Methods Patients with past history of COVID-19 infection and their healthy contacts were enrolled in the study after obtaining ethical clearance and informed consent. The polymorphism was studied by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Data was analyzed in SPSS version 20 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). p value less than 0.05 was taken as significant. Results The allelic distribution followed the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, with the wild 'D' allele being dominant in the population. Between the case and controls, the mutant 'I' allele was observed more in the controls, and the association was statistically significant. Conclusion From the results of the present study, it could be concluded that while the wild 'D' allele led to higher chances of being affected with COVID-19, the polymorphism to 'I' allele was relatively protective in nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prishni Gupta
- Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Raipur, Raipur, IND
| | - Eli Mohapatra
- Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Raipur, Raipur, IND
| | - Suprava Patel
- Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Raipur, Raipur, IND
| | - Lisie L Patnayak
- Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Raipur, Raipur, IND
| | - Rachita Nanda
- Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Raipur, Raipur, IND
| | - Seema Shah
- Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Raipur, Raipur, IND
| | - Jessy Abraham
- Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Raipur, Raipur, IND
| | - Ajoy Behera
- Pulmonary Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Raipur, Raipur, IND
| | - Atul Jindal
- Paediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Raipur, Raipur, IND
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4
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Panigrahi DD, Patel S, Rajbhar S, Padhi P, Shah S, Nanda R, Mohapatra E. Association of Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Gene Polymorphism in Mothers With Adverse Clinical Outcomes in Neonates. Cureus 2023; 15:e38001. [PMID: 37223177 PMCID: PMC10203823 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.38001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The presence of polymorphic methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) in mothers poses a risk for numerous detrimental outcomes in neonates. The present study investigated the association of maternal MTHFR A1298C and C677T single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with the clinical outcomes in their neonates. MATERIALS AND METHODS The cross-sectional study included 60 mothers and their neonates. Blood samples from mothers were analyzed for MTHFR A1298C and C677T SNP genotyping by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Clinical details of mothers and neonates were documented. Study groups were stratified based on wild, heterozygous, and mutant genotypes for the respective polymorphisms observed in mothers. Multinomial regression was applied for the association, followed by gene model formulation to estimate the impact of the genetic variants on the outcomes. RESULTS The frequency percentages of mutant CC1298 and TT677 genotypes were 25% and 8.06%, respectively, and the mutant allele frequencies (MAF) were 42.5% and 22.5%. Percentages of adverse outcomes such as intrauterine growth restriction, sepsis, anomalies, and mortality were higher in neonates born to mothers with homozygous mutant genotypes. Maternal C677T MTHFR SNPs revealed a significant association with neonatal anomalies (p = 0.001). The multiplicative risk model depicted OR (95% CI) for CT vs. CC+TT as 3.0 (95% CI: 0.66-13.7), and for TT vs. CT+CC was 15 (95% CI: 2.01-112.12). The C677T SNP in mothers predicted a dominant model for neonatal death (OR (95% CI): 5.84 (0.57-60.03), p = 0.15), whereas the A1298C reported recessive model for 1298CC mothers (OR (95% CI): 11 (1.05-115.5), p = 0.02). Both the genotypes assumed a recessive model for adverse neonatal outcomes: OR (95%CI) for CC vs. AA+AC was 3.2 (0.79-12.9, p = 0.1), and for TT vs. CC+CT was 5.48 (0.57-175.7, p = 0.2). The risk for sepsis in neonates was nearly six times higher in those born from mothers with homozygous CC1298 and TT677 than in the wild and heterozygous variants. CONCLUSION Mothers with C677T and A1298C SNPs are highly susceptible to adverse outcomes in their neonates. Hence, screening the SNPs during the antenatal period can purposefully serve as a better predictive marker, following which proper clinical management could be planned.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Suprava Patel
- Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, IND
| | - Sarita Rajbhar
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, IND
| | - Phalguni Padhi
- Neonatology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, IND
| | - Seema Shah
- Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, IND
| | - Rachita Nanda
- Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, IND
| | - Eli Mohapatra
- Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, IND
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5
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Patel S, Mohapatra E, Suganthy AK, Shah S, Abraham J, Nanda R, Behera AK, Gupta A. A pilot study to evaluate the changes in venous blood gas parameters and hypoxia biomarkers in health care workers using different kinds of masks. Lung India 2023; 40:134-142. [PMID: 37006097 PMCID: PMC10174648 DOI: 10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_343_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The study is aimed to investigate the metabolic alterations and changes in biochemical parameters associated with extended mask. Methods It was a prospective comparative study conducted on 129 participants comprised of 37 healthy controls and 92 health care workers using different kind of masks like, cloth mask, surgical masks and N95-FFR/PPE. Two samples on day-1 and day-10 were collected for analysis of blood gas parameters, serum hypoxia-inducible factor-α (HIF-α), and erythropoietin (EPO). Results Oxygen saturation percentage (sO2) of 72.68 (P = 0.033) was significantly low, whereas, Na+ (P = 0.05) and Ca2+ (P < 0.001) were raised in exposed individuals than the healthy controls. The serum HIF-α level of 3.26 ng/mL, was considerable higher in the exposed individuals than controls (P = 0.001). pO2 and sO2 were the lowest and HIF-α and EPO were raised in N95-FFR/PPE of all mask users (P < 0.01). A significant difference was evidenced for pCO2, pH, Na+, Ca2+, and EPO in the exposed group. A positive correlation between the duration of mask use (in hours) with HIF-α (r = 0.247, P = 0.005) and Ca2+ (r = 0.306, P < 0.001) was observed. The major complaints in N95-FFR/PPE users were headache (15.2%) and polydipsia (33.3%). Conclusion The study findings depicted a significant metabolic alterations in PPE/N95 users which could be due to chronic hypoxic exposure of the tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suprava Patel
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Eli Mohapatra
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Asha K. Suganthy
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Seema Shah
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Jessy Abraham
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Rachita Nanda
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Ajoy K. Behera
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Ashish Gupta
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
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6
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Patel S, Chandrakar D, Wasnik PN, Nayak S, Shah S, Nanda R, Mohapatra E. Altered T-cell profile in sickle cell disease. Biomark Med 2023; 17:241-252. [PMID: 37204241 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2023-0086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Impaired immune status due to altered T-cell response in sickle cell disease (SCD) might provide substantial insight into immune activity in SCD patients. Materials & methods: A total of 30 healthy control, 20 SCD patients in a crisis state and 38 SCD patients in a steady state were evaluated for T-cell subsets. Results: A significant decrease in CD8+ (p = 0.012) and CD8+45RA-197+ (p = 0.015) T-cells were observed among SCD patients. Naive T-cells (45RA+197+; p < 0.01) were elevated and effector (RA-197-) and central memory (RA-197+) T-cells were grossly reduced in the crisis state. Negative regression of naive T-cells with CD8+57+ affirmed immune inactivation. The predictor score reflected 100% sensitivity for predicting the crisis state (area under the curve = 0.851; p < 0.001). Conclusion: Monitoring naive T-cells with predictive scores can help assess the early shift from a steady state to a crisis state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suprava Patel
- Department of Biochemistry, AIIMS, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, 492099, India
| | - Diksha Chandrakar
- Department of Biochemistry, AIIMS, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, 492099, India
| | - Preetam N Wasnik
- Department of Medicine, AIIMS, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, 492099, India
| | - Saurav Nayak
- Department of Biochemistry, AIIMS, Bhubaneswar, 751019, Odisha, India
| | - Seema Shah
- Department of Biochemistry, AIIMS, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, 492099, India
| | - Rachita Nanda
- Department of Biochemistry, AIIMS, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, 492099, India
| | - Eli Mohapatra
- Department of Biochemistry, AIIMS, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, 492099, India
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7
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Muacevic A, Adler JR, Nanda R, Shah S, Mohapatra E. Processing Validation Metrics of Syva Enzyme-Multiplied Immunoassay Technique (EMIT) Methotrexate Assay for Beckman Coulter System. Cureus 2023; 15:e34025. [PMID: 36814748 PMCID: PMC9939913 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.34025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-dose methotrexate (HDMTX), defined as a dose greater than 500 mg/m2, is used to treat a variety of cancers; and though safe, it can cause major toxicity. Syva enzyme-multiplied immunoassay technique (EMIT) methotrexate (MTX) assay (Gurgaon, India: Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Ltd.) uses a homogeneous enzyme immunoassay method. Low-end precision performances are very important for laboratory methods, especially when their results have clinical significance at these levels. METHODOLOGY A total of 25 replicates (five replicates per run, for five runs) were analyzed for profiling. Precision, accuracy, linearity, limit of blank, limit of detection, and limit of quantification were determined using existing guidelines. Imprecision profile and limit of quantitation (LoQ) at 10% were determined by fitting data with hyperbolic regression. RESULTS The coefficient of variation percentage (CV%) for low, mid, and high-level internal quality control (IQC) was 1.25%, 3.45%, and 1.55%, respectively. Similarly, estimated bias was -4.58%, -3.54%, -7.21% for each level. The assay linearity was maintained from a range of 0.041-1.993 mmol/L with an R2 of 0.959. The limit of detection was estimated to be 0.07 mmol/L. CONCLUSION Syva EMIT MTX assay can be precisely and accurately used to measure low levels of serum methotrexate at levels lower than claimed by the manufacturer, aiding in the monitoring of toxicity in patients.
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8
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Nanda R, Nath A, Patel S, Mohapatra E. Machine learning algorithm to evaluate risk factors of diabetic foot ulcers and its severity. Med Biol Eng Comput 2022; 60:2349-2357. [DOI: 10.1007/s11517-022-02617-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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9
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Agrawal AC, Mohapatra E, Nanda R, Bodhey NK, Sakale H, Garg AK. Plasma Interleukin-33 Cannot Predict Hip Osteonecrosis in Patients With Sickle Cell Disease: A Case-Control Study. Cureus 2022; 14:e23556. [PMID: 35371856 PMCID: PMC8971072 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.23556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Prasad S, Patel S, Behera AK, Gitismita N, Shah S, Nanda R, Mohapatra E. Early Biochemical Markers in Predicting the Clinical Outcome of COVID-19 Patients Admitted in Tertiary Care Hospital in Chhattisgarh, India. J Lab Physicians 2022; 14:295-305. [PMID: 36119415 PMCID: PMC9473929 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1742631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction
An array of routinely accessible serum biomarkers was assessed to explore their overall impact on severity and mortality in coronavirus disease 2019.
Materials and Methods
A retrospective analysis of 1,233 adults was conducted. The study groups comprised 127 nonsurvivors and 1,106 survivors. Data for demographic details, clinical presentations, and laboratory reports were recorded from the medical record section. The predictors were analyzed for their influence on mortality.
Results
The mean (+ standard deviation) age of the patients in the nonsurvivor group was 58.8 (13.8) years. The mean age (56.4 years) was highest in severe grade patients. The odds ratio for death was 2.72 times for patients above the age of 40 years. About 46% of nonsurvivors died within 5 days of admission. Males were found to be more prone to death than females by a factor of 1.36. Serum urea depicted highest sensitivity (85%) for nonsurvival at 52.5 mg/dL. Serum albumin (3.23 g/dL), albumin-to-globulin ratio (0.97), and C-reactive protein-to albumin ratio (CAR) (2.08) showed a sensitivity of more than 70% for mortality outcomes. The high hazard ratio (HR) for deceased patients with hyperkalemia was 2.419 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.96–2.99;
p
< 0.001). The risk for nonsurvival was increased with elevated serum creatinine by 15.6% and uric acid by 21.7% (
p
< 0.001). The HR for hypoalbuminemia was 0.254 (95% CI: 0.196–0.33;
p
< 0.001) and CAR was 1.319 (95% CI: 1.246–1.397;
p
< 0.001). Saturation of oxygen (
p
< 0.001), lactate dehydrogenase (
p
= 0.006), ferritin (
p
= 0.004), hyperuricemia (
p
= 0.027), hyperkalemia (
p
< 0.001), hypoalbuminemia (
p
= 0.002), and high CAR values (0.031) served as potential predictors for mortality.
Conclusion
Adjusting for all the predictor variables, serum uric acid, potassium, albumin, and CAR values at the time of admission were affirmed as the potential biomarkers for mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shrishtidhar Prasad
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Suprava Patel
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Ajoy Kumar Behera
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Naik Gitismita
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Seema Shah
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Rachita Nanda
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Eli Mohapatra
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
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Patel S, Prasad S, Behera A, Sahu D, Shah S, Nanda R, Mohapatra E. Influence of laboratory biomarkers on inflammatory indices for assessing severity progression in COVID-19 cases. J Family Med Prim Care 2022; 11:2056-2072. [PMID: 35800567 PMCID: PMC9254836 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_2014_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objective: This study explored the role of various laboratory biomarkers on inflammatory indices for predicting disease progression toward severity in COVID-19 patients. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on 1233 adults confirmed for COVID-19. The participants were grouped undermild, moderate, and severe grade disease. Serum bio-inflammatory index (SBII) and systemic inflammatory index (SII) were calculated and correlated with disease severity. The study variables, including clinical details and laboratory variables, were analyzed for impact on the inflammatory indices and severity status using a sequential multiple regression model to determine the predictors for mortality. Receiver operating characteristics defined the cut-off values for severity Results: Among the study population, 56.2%, 20.7%, and 23.1% were categorized as mild, moderate, and severe COVID-19 cases. Diabetes with hypertension was the most prevalent comorbid condition. The odds for males to have the severe form of the disease was 1.6 times (95% CI = 1.18–2.18, P = 0.002). The median (inter-quartile-range) of SBII was 549 (387.84–741.34) and SII was 2097.6 (1113.9–4153.73) in severe cases. Serum urea, electrolytes, gamma-glutamyl transferase, red-cell distribution width-to-hematocrit ratio, monocytopenia, and eosinopenia exhibited a significant influence on the SpO2, SBII, and SII. Both SBII (r = −0.582, P < 0.001) and SII (r = −0.52, P < 0.001) strongly correlated inversely with SpO2 values [Figures 3a and 3b]. More than 80% of individuals admitted with severe grade COVID-19 had values of more than 50th percentile of SBII and SII. The sensitivity and specificity of SBII at 343.67 for severity were 81.4% and 70.1%, respectively. SII exhibited 77.2% sensitivity and 70.8% specificity at 998.72 Conclusion: Serial monitoring of the routinely available biomarkers would provide considerable input regarding inflammatory status and severity progression in COVID-19.
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Garg A, Agrawal A, Behera A, Mohapatra E, Sakale H, Shah S, Kar B, Ojha M, Nayak B. Correlation of Vitamin D levels with markers of bone metabolism in COVID-19 patients. J Orthop Traumatol Rehabil 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/jotr.jotr_115_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
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13
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Nanda R, Nayak PK, Patel S, Mohapatra E, Agrawal S. First-Trimester Reference Intervals for Thyroid Function Testing among Women Screened at a Tertiary Care Hospital in India. J Lab Physicians 2021; 14:183-189. [PMID: 35982874 PMCID: PMC9381317 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1736520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives
Due to differences in the method of assay and population-specific factors, each laboratory needs to establish its own gestation-specific reference intervals (GRIs) for thyroid hormones.
Materials and Methods
Three-hundred forty-one women with less than 14 weeks gestation were screened at a tertiary care hospital in Chhattisgarh, India. Serum levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (fT4), and thyroid peroxidase antibody (anti-TPO) were measured using an ADVIA Centaur XP immunoassay.
GRIs (2.5th and 97.5th percentiles) were determined for TSH and fT4. TSH and fT4 concentrations were converted to multiples of the median (MoM) values. Effect of maternal age, gestational age, and maternal weight was analyzed. Statistical Analysis
Quantitative variables were expressed as means and standard deviations (SD), and qualitative variables were expressed as frequencies and percentages. Normality of the data was checked using the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test. Values that were normally distributed were expressed only as means and SD. Those that were not normally distributed were expressed as medians and interquartile range. For all statistical analysis,
p
< 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.
Results
First-trimester GRI was 0.245 to 4.971 mIU/L for TSH, 10.2 to 18.9 pmol/L for fT4, and 27.0 to 56.89 kIU/L for anti-TPO. There was no significant difference in the mean serum TSH (
p
= 0.920), fT4 (
p
= 0.714), or anti-TPO (
p
= 0.754) values among women in 4 to 7th week and 7 to 14th week of gestation. The 1st and 99th centile MoMs were 0.03 and 4.09 for TSH and 0.66 and 1.39 for fT4. There was a significant positive correlation between the maternal weight and TSH MoM values (
p
= 0.027,
r
= 0.120).
Conclusion
These laboratory- and first-trimester-specific GRI for TSH and fT4 shall help in proper diagnosis and treatment of subclinical thyroid dysfunctions. TSH and fT4 MoM values can be used to indicate high or low values in a quantitative manner independent of the reference ranges and may be used by other laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachita Nanda
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Prasanta Kumar Nayak
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Suprava Patel
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Eli Mohapatra
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Sarita Agrawal
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
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14
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Gupta P, Agrawal P, Verma NR, Shah S, Patel S, Nanda R, Mohapatra E. Antinuclear Antibody Profiling in Patients of a Tertiary Care Centre in Central India. Indian J Clin Biochem 2021; 36:345-352. [PMID: 34220010 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-020-00925-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of autoimmune disorders that includes the connective tissue diseases has seen a rise in India in recent times. Antinuclear antibodies, the telltale sign of systemic autoimmune response, thus can be used as a screening tool and also to support the diagnosis of systemic autoimmune disease. The present retrospective cross- sectional analysis aimed to study the antinuclear antibodies profile (patterns and specific antibody reactivity) amongst suspected cases of auto-immune disorders at a tertiary care teaching hospital. The study retrieved and reviewed reports of 644 patients sent for ANA testing by indirect immunofluorescence assay over a period of 1 year by different specialty departments. Positive samples were further processed for anti-ds-DNA antibody and antibodies to extractable nuclear antigen. Data collected was statistically analysed. ANA pattern positivity was observed in 31% of cases and a positive antibody reactivity was seen in 66% of them. Female predominance (82%) was noted in both pattern positivity and antibody reactivity. High levels of pattern positivity and antibody reactivity was found in the young adults (45.9%). Amongst the ANA patterns, the nuclear homogenous pattern was found the commonest. The common antibodies associated with this pattern were anti-dsDNA and U1 Sm/RNP antibodies. A stronger fluorescence intensity on initial screening showed a higher confirmation rate for specific antibodies on immunoassay. High occurrence of positive ANA patterns in autoimmune disorders suggests its utilization as a screening tool for them and would also play an adjuvant to the diagnosis. Early knowledge about future autoimmunity will earn better prognostic achievements through better treatment interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prishni Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492099 India
| | - Pratishtha Agrawal
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492099 India
| | - Neha Rani Verma
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492099 India
| | - Seema Shah
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492099 India
| | - Suprava Patel
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492099 India
| | - Rachita Nanda
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492099 India
| | - Eli Mohapatra
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492099 India
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15
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Nanda R, Gupta P, Patel S, Shah S, Mohapatra E. Reply to Letter to Editor Diagnostic significance of uncommon antinuclear antibodies. Clin Biochem 2021; 94:84. [PMID: 33882286 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2021.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rachita Nanda
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, India
| | - Prishni Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, India
| | - Suprava Patel
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, India.
| | - Seema Shah
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, India
| | - Eli Mohapatra
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, India
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16
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Abstract
AbstractVertically stacked horizontal nanosheet gate-all-around transistors seem to be one of the viable solutions toward scaling down below sub-7nm technology nodes. In this work, we compare electrical performance, including variability studies of several horizontal nanosheet transistors toward transistor structure optimization. We explore the impacts of nanosheet width and thickness on the electrical performance and outline important design guidelines necessary for vertically stacked nanosheet FETs. An increase in the complexity of the stacked nanosheet structures can lead to significant device variability. Using numerical simulation, we study the characteristics fluctuations induced by the random discrete dopants (RDD) and metal grain granularity (MGG) in nanosheet gate-all-around (GAA) transistors. We use 3-D quantum-mechanically corrected transport models in the simulation. It is observed that the σVTH due to MGG variability is 12% higher than RDD variability while the RDD variability strongly influences the ION. The statistical simulation results predict that the presence of combined variability due to RDD and MGG strongly influences the threshold voltage variation (σVTH) in nanoscale devices. This approach may be applied to the different types of variability, the geometry of the device, including the vertical and lateral dimensions of the transistor, and biasing conditions.
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17
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Patel S, Nanda R, Hussain N, Mohapatra E, Patra PK. Frequency distribution of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase polymorphisms in sickle cell hemoglobinopathy-A hospital based study in central India. Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cegh.2020.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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18
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Patel S, Nanda R, Hussain N, Mohapatra E, Patra PK. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase polymorphisms as genetic markers to predict homocysteinemia and clinical severity in sickle cell disease. Biomark Med 2021; 15:337-345. [PMID: 33666517 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2020-0613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The present study observed the relationship between the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase genotypes and clinical outcome in children with sickle cell disorder. Methodology: A total of 249 children were recruited for the study and evaluated clinically for calculating severity score, homocysteine levels and C677T and A1298C genotyping. Results: The frequencies of variant genotypes were 28.1% CT/TT677 and 69.1% AC/CC1298. Plasma homocysteine was significantly elevated in variant groups (p < 0.001). Both the genotypes accorded significant association with homocysteinemia (p < 0.001). Vascular crisis (p = 0.04), frequency of hospitalization (p < 0.001) and severity score (p = 0.02) revealed association with C677T and not with A1298C. The CT/TT677 genotypes showed 3.39-times (p = 0.032) increase in a higher score for severity. Conclusion: C677T depicted significant association with clinical severity in study population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suprava Patel
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Rachita Nanda
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Nighat Hussain
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Eli Mohapatra
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
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19
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Patel S, Verma NR, Padhi P, Naik T, Nanda R, Naik G, Mohapatra E. Retrospective analysis to identify the association of various determinants on birth weight. J Family Med Prim Care 2021; 10:496-501. [PMID: 34017777 PMCID: PMC8132747 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1493_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: LBW is the strong determinant of neonatal morbidity and mortality with a global prevalence of nearly 15%. India's prevalence, though not yet established, ranges from 16-30% and influenced by maternal nutritional status, antenatal care and associated maternal morbidity. Hence, the study was aimed to determine the influencing parameters for occurrence of LBW. Study Design: A retrospective observational study conducted for all live newborns delivered in a tertiary care centre during the study period of twenty four months. Methods: Data from institutional medical record section was recorded on predesigned questionnaire from a total of 1216 newborns. Results: The percentage of LBW was found to be 27.55% (335/1216) with a proportion of LBW to NBW babies was approximately 1:3. The occurrence of LBW was significantly higher in babies of anemic mothers (59.39%, P < 0.0001), young mothers (30.39%, P < 0.01), mothers with parity ≥ 3 (35.71%, P < 0.05), those with <3 ANC check-up (56.88%, P < 0.0001) and those with premature delivery (71.57%, P < 0.0001). Maternal anemia (OR 4.7, 95%CI 3.4-6.7, P < 0.001); ANC with <3 visits (OR 2.2, 95%CI 1.4-3.4, P < 0.01) and prematurity (OR 7.6, 95%CI 5.1-11.2, P < 0.0001) were considered as independent risk factor for LBW. Significant association of neonatal complications was found with LBW babies (OR 1.6, 95%CI 1.1-2.5, P < 0.05). Conclusions: Inadequate antenatal care, maternal anemia and other maternal illness causing premature delivery are considered critical determinants for LBW and thus associated with high neonatal mortality and morbidity. Continued focus for improving the overall maternal health status would lead to lowering burden of LBW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suprava Patel
- Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Neha R Verma
- Senior Resident, Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Phalguni Padhi
- Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Tripty Naik
- Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Rachita Nanda
- Additional Professor, Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Gitismita Naik
- Senior Resident, Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Eli Mohapatra
- Professor, Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
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20
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Shah S, Akhade K, Ganguly S, Nanda R, Mohapatra E, Goel AK. Cutaneous manifestations associated with COVID-19 in children: A systematic review. J Family Med Prim Care 2021; 10:93-101. [PMID: 34017709 PMCID: PMC8132763 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1389_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous manifestation of COVID 19 in children has not yet been reviewed systematically. Hence, this review gives the clinicians a future direction to be vigilant for skin presentations during pandemics. The Pubmed database used for literature search with keywords COVID 19, children, and skin in different combinations. Articles published in English with cases of age one month to 18 years were eligible. The outcome included varied aspects of cutaneous and COVID 19 infection. The authors did not register review protocol. Of 51 publications identified, 13 studies containing 149 children met the eligibility criteria. Acrally located erythematous maculopapular lesion was the most common finding in 138 children. The researcher reported Erythema multiforme, varicella like exanthem, and Kawasaki disease like presentations in the rest of the cases. The duration of the skin lesion was 1 2 weeks in 43%. Skin biopsy done in 18 patients revealed superficial and deep perivascular and peri eccrine lymphocytic infiltrate and lymphocytic vasculitis. RT PCR was positive13.8% cases. Serological markers for HSV, parvovirus B19 analyzed across various studies, were negative, except positive mycoplasma pneumonia in 2 of 20 cases tested. Clinicopathologic analysis established chilblains like lesion in 43% cases with no confirmed etiology like cold exposure, autoimmune dysfunction, drug reaction, or viral infection. The usual cephalo caudal spread of a viral exanthem was also missing. However, a low number of discussed cases was a limitation of the study. The absence of any confirmed etiology for such cutaneous manifestations, the possibility of COVID 19, should be explored and thoroughly evaluated and isolated during such a pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seema Shah
- Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Kiran Akhade
- Project Coordinator, SCoE-SAM, State Centre of Excellence, Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Satyaki Ganguly
- Associate Professor, Department of Dermatology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Rachita Nanda
- Additional Professor, Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Eli Mohapatra
- Professor, Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Anil Kumar Goel
- Professor, Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
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21
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Nanda R, Patel S, Wasnik P, Ramchandani R, Mohanty D, Mohapatra E. Distribution of Apolipoprotein A1 Polymorphism (G-75A and C+83T) in Patients with Diabetic Foot Ulcers-A Parallel Group Hospital Based Observational Study. J Clin Diagn Res 2021. [DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2021/48456.15160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Diabetic Foot Ulcer (DFU), a serious complications of diabetes mellitus is a result of persistent low grade infection. The Apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) has an anti-inflammatory role and therefore can influence the chronic inflammation associated with the DFU. Polymorphisms of ApoA1gene have been implicated as determinants of plasma HDL-C and Apo A1 levels. However, the influence of ApoA1 polymorphism on susceptibility to DFU has not been studied. Aim: To study the distribution of ApoA1 polymorphism (G-75A and C+83T) and association between the polymorphism and the risk of DFU in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) so that timely detection and prevention of DFU can be done. Materials and Methods: This was a hospital based observational study on patients of DFU (n=80), diabetes mellitus without ulcers (n=80) and normal controls (n=75). ApoA1 polymorphism (G-75A and C+83T) was detected by Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RTPCR) technique and plasma ApoA1 by immunoturbidimetric assay using blood collected in EDTA. Data was analysed using IBM® Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 21.0 software. A p<0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: The GA and CC were the most predominant genotype in all the groups. HDL and ApoA1 were significantly lower in GG (p=0.009, p=0.03) and CT (p=0.03, p=0.002) compared to GA and CC. The APOA1-75A allele and +83C allele were associated with raised levels of HDL and ApoA1 in T2DM and DFU (p<0.05). Conclusion: The two polymorphism G-75A and C+83T were found to be equally distributed across the study populations. These polymorphisms were associated with serum levels of ApoA1 and HDL in the DFU patients.
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22
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Abstract
Background
The incidence of autoimmune disorders has seen a rise in India in recent times. The symptoms and signs of these conditions are caused by a systemic autoimmune response, essentially characterized by the expression of the antinuclear antibodies (ANA). Presence of ANA in serum of patient could be the prime evidence of an autoimmune disorder.
Aim
This study aimed to determine the antibody patterns and assess the clinical significance of ANA in patients of a teaching tertiary care hospital of central India.
Material and Methods
This retrospective cross-sectional data analysis study retrieved 538 reports of individuals, who were prescribed the ANA test by indirect immunofluorescence assay over a period of 11 months, from the archives of the Department of Biochemistry. For continuous data, student
t
-test was used while Chi-square and Fisher exact was conducted for categorical data. A
p
value less than 0.05 were taken as significant.
Results
Out of the 538 patients investigated for ANA testing by indirect immunofluorescence assay, 33% were positive, among which 74% were female, and majority belonged to the young adult age group. The most common pattern identified was nuclear, subpattern nuclear speckled.
Conclusion
A high-ANA pattern positivity could be related to a high-autoimmunity prevalence in this region, and also promotes its use as a tool of evidence of suspected autoimmune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prishni Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Ritu Priya
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Rachita Nanda
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Suprava Patel
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Eli Mohapatra
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
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23
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Mohapatra E, Priya R, Nanda R, Patel S. Serum GGT and serum ferritin as early markers for metabolic syndrome. J Family Med Prim Care 2020; 9:3458-3463. [PMID: 33102313 PMCID: PMC7567201 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_570_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: In India, the prevalence of lifestyle diseases like diabetes, hypertension, and metabolic syndrome (MetS) is showing an upward trend. Gamma glutamate transferase (GGT) and ferritin increase oxidant stress in the body through their role in glutathione homeostasis and iron metabolism, respectively. The increase in oxidant stress increases the inflammatory load, a risk factor for metabolic syndrome. These parameters are cheap, patient-friendly, and available in routine diagnostic labs compatible for follow-up, relieving the already overburdened healthcare system. Methodology: In a case-control study, samples of 77 cases of metabolic syndrome and 77 age and sex-matched controls were analyzed for serum GGT (by modified IFCC) and serum ferritin (by CLIA). Statistical analysis was done by SPSS 20.0 version. Results: The mean ± SD for ferritin and GGT were 101.58 ± 84.20 ng/dL and 36.67 ± 26.40 IU/L, respectively in cases, whereas in control group these values were 38.38 ± 29.26 ng/dL and 16.5 3 ± 6.79 IU/L (P < 0.001). Positive and significant correlation was seen between GGT with TG (r-value- 0.376/P-value-0.001) and GGT with waist circumference (r-value- 0.298/P-value- 0.022). A positive and significant correlation was seen between GGT and ferritin in cases with an r-value of 0.307 (P-value - 0.01). Conclusion: The increased values of GGT and ferritin in cases suggest an inflammatory load. The positive and significant correlation between GGT and triglyceride indicates its role in increasing oxidants’ stress leading to inflammation and the development of MetS. The association of ferritin with MetS though insignificant may be considered as a biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eli Mohapatra
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Ritu Priya
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Rachita Nanda
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Suprava Patel
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
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24
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Verma NR, Patel S, Nanda R, Mohapatra E. Primary Antiphospholipid Syndrome Associated with Autoantibodies Against Golgi Bodies: A Case Report of a 32-Year-Old Female. Indian J Clin Biochem 2019; 34:363-366. [PMID: 31391731 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-018-0796-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Antiphospholipid syndrome is an autoantibody mediated disorder characterised by thrombotic manifestations and/or obstetric morbidity. The autoantibodies are directed against phospholipid binding plasma proteins. Amongst the clinical features abdominal presentation is an unusual feature in this syndrome. We present the case report of a 32-year female whose complaints was abdominal pain for one week and no history of previous foetal loss, who responded well to warfarin and has not developed systemic lupus erythematous even after follow up. Characteristic of this patient is the appearance of auto antibodies against Golgi bodies. Although antinuclear antibodies are seen in patients of rheumatic disease like systemic lupus erythematous, its presence in individuals with unusual presentation of antiphospholipid syndrome may facilitate in diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Rani Verma
- Department of Biochemistry, AIIMS, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492099 India
| | - Suprava Patel
- Department of Biochemistry, AIIMS, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492099 India
| | - Rachita Nanda
- Department of Biochemistry, AIIMS, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492099 India
| | - Eli Mohapatra
- Department of Biochemistry, AIIMS, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492099 India
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25
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Dash TP, Mohapatra E, Jena J, Das S, Dey S, Maiti CK. Nanosized Metal-Grain-Granularity Induced Characteristics Fluctuation in Gate-All-Around Si-Nanowire Transistors at 1nm Technology Node. Int J Nanosci 2019. [DOI: 10.1142/s0219581x20400050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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26
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Thakur Y, Tripathi M, Verma B, Khilari R, Agrawal R, Likheshwari, Pande R, Mohapatra E. New insight into the DNA binding studies, In-Vitro anti-cancer activity and molecular modelling of dioxo complexes of Molybdenum(VI) and Tungsten(VI) hydroxamic acids. Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part A 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2019.1578615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yamini Thakur
- School of Studies in Chemistry, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Mamta Tripathi
- School of Studies in Chemistry, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Bharati Verma
- School of Studies in Chemistry, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Rubi Khilari
- CSIR-Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research, Bilaspur Unit, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Rainy Agrawal
- School of Studies in Chemistry, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Likheshwari
- School of Studies in Chemistry, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Rama Pande
- School of Studies in Chemistry, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Eli Mohapatra
- Biochemistry Department, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
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27
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Thakur Y, Tripathi M, Verma B, Khilari R, Agrawal R, Likheshwari, Khursheed Siddiqi M, Pande R, Mohapatra E, Khan RH. Interaction of cobalt(II) and copper(II) hydroxamates with polyriboadenylic acid: An insight into RNA based drug designing. Nucleosides Nucleotides Nucleic Acids 2019; 38:481-508. [PMID: 30732529 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2018.1562074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The polyadenylic acid [poly(A)] tail of mRNA plays a noteworthy role in the initiation of the translation, maturation, and stability of mRNA. It also significantly contributes to the production of alternate proteins in eukaryotic cells. Hence, it has recently been recognized as a prospective drug target. Binding affinity of bis(N-p-tolylbenzohydroxamato)Cobalt(II), [N-p-TBHA-Co(II)] (1) and bis(N-p-naphthylbenzohydroxamato)Copper(II), [N-p-NBHA-Cu(II)] (2) complexes with poly(A) have been investigated by biophysical techniques namely, absorption spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy, circular dichroism spectroscopy, viscometric measurements and through molecular docking studies. The intrinsic binding constants (Kb) of complexes were determined following the order of N-p-TBHA-Co(II)] > N-p-NBHA-Cu(II), along with hyperchromism and a bathochromic shift for both complexes. The fluorescence quenching method revealed an interaction between poly(A)-N-p-TBHA-Co(II)/poly(A)-N-p-NBHA-Cu(II). The mode of binding was also determined via the fluorescence ferrocyanide quenching method. The increase in the viscosity of poly(A) that occurred from increasing the concentration of the N-p-TBHA-Co(II)/N-p-NBHA-Cu(II) complex was scrutinized. The characteristics of the interaction site of poly(A) with N-p-TBHA-Co(II)/N-p-NBHA-Cu(II) were adenine and phosphate groups, as revealed by DRS-FTIR spectroscopy. Based on these observations, a partial intercalative mode of the binding of poly(A) has been proposed for both complexes. Circular dichroism confirmed the interaction of both the complexes with poly(A). The molecular docking results illustrated that complexes strongly interact with poly(A) via the relative binding energies of the docked structure as -259.39eV and -226.30eV for N-p-TBHA-Co(II) and N-p-NBHA-Cu(II) respectively. Moreover, the binding affinity of N-p-TBHA-Co(II) is higher in all aspects than N-p-NBHA-Cu(II) for poly(A).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamini Thakur
- a School of Studies in Chemistry , Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur , Chhattisgarh - 492010
| | - Mamta Tripathi
- a School of Studies in Chemistry , Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur , Chhattisgarh - 492010
| | - Bharati Verma
- a School of Studies in Chemistry , Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur , Chhattisgarh - 492010
| | - Rubi Khilari
- a School of Studies in Chemistry , Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur , Chhattisgarh - 492010
| | - Rainy Agrawal
- a School of Studies in Chemistry , Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur , Chhattisgarh - 492010
| | - Likheshwari
- a School of Studies in Chemistry , Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur , Chhattisgarh - 492010
| | - Mohammad Khursheed Siddiqi
- b Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University , Aligarh - 202002 , Uttar Pradesh , India
| | - Rama Pande
- a School of Studies in Chemistry , Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur , Chhattisgarh - 492010
| | - Eli Mohapatra
- c Biochemistry Department , All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur , Chhattisgarh - 492099
| | - Rizwan Hasan Khan
- b Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University , Aligarh - 202002 , Uttar Pradesh , India
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Patel S, Nanda R, Mohapatra E. Allelic Distribution of A1298C and C677T Polymorphisms of MTHFR in Central India. J Clin Diagn Res 2019. [DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2019/42859.13353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Patel S, Nanda R, Sahoo S, Mohapatra E. Congruity in Quality Indicators and Laboratory Performance. Indian J Clin Biochem 2018; 33:341-347. [PMID: 30072835 PMCID: PMC6052727 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-017-0687-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Proficiency of laboratory services is the mainstay in clinical medicine in providing error free diagnostic results. The efficiency of the laboratory needs to be evaluated as per standard international criterion. The quality indicators of the different phases of total testing process are considered the fundamental measurable tool for evaluation of laboratory performance. In order to optimize the laboratory's proficiency and accreditate it as per international standard in our newly established lab, the study was conducted to evaluate the frequency of errors incurred by laboratory and nonlaboratory professionals during the whole testing process. Retrospective analysis was done for data received from April 2016 to Dec 2016 in our lab. Total number of samples received was 61,674, out of which 43200 samples could be analyzed for quality indicators. Total numbers of tests processed in these samples were 172,800. In the study samples, 26.5% errors were due to pre-analytical factors whereas 9.4% of errors were contributed by analytical phase and 18% by post-analytical phase. Inappropriateness of test requisition was observed to be the major attributing determinant for pre-analytical errors. Instrumentation efficiency in form of frequent breakdown (~7%), greatly affected the proficiency of analytical phase in our lab. 12% of post-analytical errors were ascribed by excessive turn-around-time. However, timeliness of critical value call out and reporting for STAT samples revealed high proficiency up to 97%. High error rates were observed in pre-pre- and pre-analytical phases that also accorded for high error frequency in post analytical phase. This emphasizes urgent need to formulate guidelines for processing all steps of total testing process and initiate strategic measures for reducing risk of errors and increasing patient safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suprava Patel
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, India
| | - Rachita Nanda
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, India
| | | | - Eli Mohapatra
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, India
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Nanda R, Patel S, Sahoo S, Mohapatra E. Review of Pre-Analytical Errors in Oral Glucose Tolerance Testing in a Tertiary Care Hospital. J Nepal Health Res Counc 2018; 16:6-10. [PMID: 29717281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pre-pre-analytical and pre-analytical phases form a major chunk of the errors in a laboratory. The process has taken into consideration a very common procedure which is the oral glucose tolerance test to identify the pre-pre-analytical errors. Quality indicators provide evidence of quality, support accountability and help in the decision making of laboratory personnel. The aim of this research is to evaluate pre-analytical performance of the oral glucose tolerance test procedure. METHODS An observational study that was conducted overa period of three months, in the phlebotomy and accessioning unit of our laboratory using questionnaire that examined the pre-pre-analytical errors through a scoring system. The pre-analytical phase was analyzed for each sample collected as per seven quality indicators. RESULTS About 25% of the population gave wrong answer with regard to the question that tested the knowledge of patient preparation. The appropriateness of test result QI-1 had the most error. Although QI-5 for sample collection had a low error rate, it is a very important indicator as any wrongly collected sample can alter the test result. CONCLUSIONS Evaluating the pre-analytical and pre-pre-analytical phase is essential and must be conducted routinely on a yearly basis to identify errors and take corrective action and to facilitate their gradual introduction into routine practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachita Nanda
- Department of Biochemistry, AIIMS, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Suprava Patel
- Department of Biochemistry, AIIMS, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Sibashish Sahoo
- Department of Biochemistry, AIIMS, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Eli Mohapatra
- Department of Biochemistry, AIIMS, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
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Sahoo S, Patel S, Ganguly A, Nanda R, Mohapatra E. Thyroid dysfunctions and renal status: implications in hyponatremia. Asian J Med Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.3126/ajms.v8i4.17279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Hypothyroidism is a common endocrine disorder which has been linked to the development of hyponatremia. However, the data supporting the development of hyponatremia is inadequate and confusing.Aims and Objectives: Therefore this study was conducted to investigate an association between hypothyroidism and hyponatremia and to correlate it with other related parameters like renal function status.Material and Methods: Retrospective analysis of laboratory records of one hundred fifty individuals with TSH level above the normal served as cases and one hundred fifty one individuals with normal TSH served as controls.Results: Hyponatremia(<135mEq/L) was observed in only twenty-one percent of cases of hypothyroidism. Although patients of hypothyroidism had a significantly lower sodium levels than controls, this was not evident with severity of disease. A high creatinine level evident in the overt cases did not affect the sodium level, although the chloride level was reduced.Conclusion: The present study showed that hyponatremia is not a commonly associated with hypothyroidism and screening for hyponatremia is not essential in such patients.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.8(4) 2017 6-10
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