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Rasile M, Lauranzano E, Faggiani E, Ravanelli MM, Colombo FS, Mirabella F, Corradini I, Malosio ML, Borreca A, Focchi E, Pozzi D, Giorgino T, Barajon I, Matteoli M. Maternal immune activation leads to defective brain blood vessels and intracerebral hemorrhages in male offspring. EMBO J 2023; 42:e113890. [PMID: 37183451 PMCID: PMC10183814 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2023113890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
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Rasile M, Lauranzano E, Faggiani E, Ravanelli MM, Colombo FS, Mirabella F, Corradini I, Malosio ML, Borreca A, Focchi E, Pozzi D, Giorgino T, Barajon I, Matteoli M. Maternal immune activation leads to defective brain-blood vessels and intracerebral hemorrhages in male offspring. EMBO J 2022; 41:e111192. [PMID: 36314682 PMCID: PMC9713716 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2022111192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhages are recognized risk factors for neurodevelopmental disorders and represent early biomarkers for cognitive dysfunction and mental disability, but the pathways leading to their occurrence are not well defined. We report that a single intrauterine exposure of the immunostimulant Poly I:C to pregnant mice at gestational day 9, which models a prenatal viral infection and the consequent maternal immune activation, induces the defective formation of brain vessels and causes intracerebral hemorrhagic events, specifically in male offspring. We demonstrate that maternal immune activation promotes the production of the TGF-β1 active form and the consequent enhancement of pSMAD1-5 in males' brain endothelial cells. TGF-β1, in combination with IL-1β, reduces the endothelial expression of CD146 and claudin-5, alters the endothelium-pericyte interplay resulting in low pericyte coverage, and increases hemorrhagic events in the adult offspring. By showing that exposure to Poly I:C at the beginning of fetal cerebral angiogenesis results in sex-specific alterations of brain vessels, we provide a mechanistic framework for the association between intragravidic infections and anomalies of the neural vasculature, which may contribute to neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Rasile
- Department of Biomedical SciencesHumanitas UniversityPieve EmanueleItaly,IRCCS Humanitas Clinical and Research CenterRozzanoItaly
| | | | - Elisa Faggiani
- IRCCS Humanitas Clinical and Research CenterRozzanoItaly
| | - Margherita M Ravanelli
- Department of Biomedical SciencesHumanitas UniversityPieve EmanueleItaly,IRCCS Humanitas Clinical and Research CenterRozzanoItaly
| | | | - Filippo Mirabella
- Department of Biomedical SciencesHumanitas UniversityPieve EmanueleItaly,IRCCS Humanitas Clinical and Research CenterRozzanoItaly
| | - Irene Corradini
- IRCCS Humanitas Clinical and Research CenterRozzanoItaly,Institute of Neuroscience (IN‐CNR)National Research Council of ItalyMilanItaly
| | - Maria L Malosio
- IRCCS Humanitas Clinical and Research CenterRozzanoItaly,Institute of Neuroscience (IN‐CNR)National Research Council of ItalyMilanItaly
| | - Antonella Borreca
- IRCCS Humanitas Clinical and Research CenterRozzanoItaly,Institute of Neuroscience (IN‐CNR)National Research Council of ItalyMilanItaly
| | - Elisa Focchi
- Institute of Neuroscience (IN‐CNR)National Research Council of ItalyMilanItaly
| | - Davide Pozzi
- Department of Biomedical SciencesHumanitas UniversityPieve EmanueleItaly,IRCCS Humanitas Clinical and Research CenterRozzanoItaly
| | - Toni Giorgino
- Institute of Biophysics (IBF‐CNR)National Research Council of ItalyMilanItaly
| | - Isabella Barajon
- Department of Biomedical SciencesHumanitas UniversityPieve EmanueleItaly,IRCCS Humanitas Clinical and Research CenterRozzanoItaly
| | - Michela Matteoli
- Department of Biomedical SciencesHumanitas UniversityPieve EmanueleItaly,Institute of Neuroscience (IN‐CNR)National Research Council of ItalyMilanItaly
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Pizzamiglio L, Focchi E, Cambria C, Ponzoni L, Ferrara S, Bifari F, Desiato G, Landsberger N, Murru L, Passafaro M, Sala M, Matteoli M, Menna E, Antonucci F. The DNA repair protein ATM as a target in autism spectrum disorder. JCI Insight 2021; 6:133654. [PMID: 33373327 PMCID: PMC7934840 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.133654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Impairment of the GABAergic system has been reported in epilepsy, autism, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and schizophrenia. We recently demonstrated that ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) directly shapes the development of the GABAergic system. Here, we show for the first time to our knowledge how the abnormal expression of ATM affects the pathological condition of autism. We exploited 2 different animal models of autism, the methyl CpG binding protein 2-null (Mecp2y/-) mouse model of Rett syndrome and mice prenatally exposed to valproic acid, and found increased ATM levels. Accordingly, treatment with the specific ATM kinase inhibitor KU55933 (KU) normalized molecular, functional, and behavioral defects in these mouse models, such as (a) delayed GABAergic development, (b) hippocampal hyperexcitability, (c) low cognitive performances, and (d) social impairments. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that KU administration to WT hippocampal neurons leads to (a) higher early growth response 4 activity on Kcc2b promoter, (b) increased expression of Mecp2, and (c) potentiated GABA transmission. These results provide evidence and molecular substrates for the pharmacological development of ATM inhibition in autism spectrum disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Pizzamiglio
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine (BIOMETRA), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Focchi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine (BIOMETRA), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Clara Cambria
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine (BIOMETRA), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Silvia Ferrara
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine (BIOMETRA), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Bifari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine (BIOMETRA), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Genni Desiato
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center – IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Landsberger
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine (BIOMETRA), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Murru
- Institute of Neuroscience, IN-CNR, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Michela Matteoli
- Institute of Neuroscience, IN-CNR, Milan, Italy
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center – IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Menna
- Institute of Neuroscience, IN-CNR, Milan, Italy
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center – IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Flavia Antonucci
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine (BIOMETRA), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Russo I, Gavello D, Menna E, Vandael D, Veglia C, Morello N, Corradini I, Focchi E, Alfieri A, Angelini C, Bianchi FT, Morellato A, Marcantoni A, Sassoè-Pognetto M, Ottaviani MM, Yekhlef L, Giustetto M, Taverna S, Carabelli V, Matteoli M, Carbone E, Turco E, Defilippi P. p140Cap Regulates GABAergic Synaptogenesis and Development of Hippocampal Inhibitory Circuits. Cereb Cortex 2020; 29:91-105. [PMID: 29161354 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhx306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The neuronal scaffold protein p140Cap was investigated during hippocampal network formation. p140Cap is present in presynaptic GABAergic terminals and its genetic depletion results in a marked alteration of inhibitory synaptic activity. p140Cap-/- cultured neurons display higher frequency of miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents (mIPSCs) with no changes of their mean amplitude. Consistent with a potential presynaptic alteration of basal GABA release, p140Cap-/- neurons exhibit a larger synaptic vesicle readily releasable pool, without any variation of single GABAA receptor unitary currents and number of postsynaptic channels. Furthermore, p140Cap-/- neurons show a premature and enhanced network synchronization and appear more susceptible to 4-aminopyridine-induced seizures in vitro and to kainate-induced seizures in vivo. The hippocampus of p140Cap-/- mice showed a significant increase in the number of both inhibitory synapses and of parvalbumin- and somatostatin-expressing interneurons. Specific deletion of p140Cap in forebrain interneurons resulted in increased susceptibility to in vitro epileptic events and increased inhibitory synaptogenesis, comparable to those observed in p140Cap-/- mice. Altogether, our data demonstrate that p140Cap finely tunes inhibitory synaptogenesis and GABAergic neurotransmission, thus regulating the establishment and maintenance of the proper hippocampal excitatory/inhibitory balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Russo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Daniela Gavello
- Department of Drug Science, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,NIS Centre of Excellence, Torino, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Menna
- Institute of Neuroscience, CNR, Milano, Italy.,Istituto Clinico Humanitas, IRCCS, Rozzano, Italy
| | - David Vandael
- Department of Drug Science, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,NIS Centre of Excellence, Torino, Italy
| | - Carola Veglia
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Noemi Morello
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Irene Corradini
- Institute of Neuroscience, CNR, Milano, Italy.,Istituto Clinico Humanitas, IRCCS, Rozzano, Italy
| | | | - Annalisa Alfieri
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Costanza Angelini
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Federico Tommaso Bianchi
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, University of Torino, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Alessandro Morellato
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Andrea Marcantoni
- Department of Drug Science, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,NIS Centre of Excellence, Torino, Italy
| | - Marco Sassoè-Pognetto
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,National Institute of Neuroscience-Italy, Torino, Italy
| | | | - Latefa Yekhlef
- Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Maurizio Giustetto
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,National Institute of Neuroscience-Italy, Torino, Italy
| | - Stefano Taverna
- Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Valentina Carabelli
- Department of Drug Science, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,NIS Centre of Excellence, Torino, Italy
| | - Michela Matteoli
- Institute of Neuroscience, CNR, Milano, Italy.,Istituto Clinico Humanitas, IRCCS, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Emilio Carbone
- Department of Drug Science, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,NIS Centre of Excellence, Torino, Italy
| | - Emilia Turco
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Paola Defilippi
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
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Corradini I, Focchi E, Rasile M, Morini R, Desiato G, Tomasoni R, Lizier M, Ghirardini E, Fesce R, Morone D, Barajon I, Antonucci F, Pozzi D, Matteoli M. Maternal Immune Activation Delays Excitatory-to-Inhibitory Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Switch in Offspring. Biol Psychiatry 2018; 83:680-691. [PMID: 29146047 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2017.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between maternal infection and neurodevelopmental defects in progeny is well established, although the biological mechanisms and the pathogenic trajectories involved have not been defined. METHODS Pregnant dams were injected intraperitoneally at gestational day 9 with polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid. Neuronal development was assessed by means of electrophysiological, optical, and biochemical analyses. RESULTS Prenatal exposure to polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid causes an imbalanced expression of the Na+-K+-2Cl- cotransporter 1 and the K+-Cl- cotransporter 2 (KCC2). This results in delayed gamma-aminobutyric acid switch and higher susceptibility to seizures, which endures up to adulthood. Chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments reveal increased binding of the repressor factor RE1-silencing transcription (also known as neuron-restrictive silencer factor) to position 509 of the KCC2 promoter that leads to downregulation of KCC2 transcription in prenatally exposed offspring. Interleukin-1 receptor type I knockout mice, which display braked immune response and no brain cytokine elevation upon maternal immune activation, do not display KCC2/Na+-K+-2Cl- cotransporter 1 imbalance when implanted in a wild-type dam and prenatally exposed. Notably, pretreatment of pregnant dams with magnesium sulfate is sufficient to prevent the early inflammatory state and the delay in excitatory-to-inhibitory switch associated to maternal immune activation. CONCLUSIONS We provide evidence that maternal immune activation hits a key neurodevelopmental process, the excitatory-to-inhibitory gamma-aminobutyric acid switch; defects in this switch have been unequivocally linked to diseases such as autism spectrum disorder or epilepsy. These data open the avenue for a safe pharmacological treatment that may prevent the neurodevelopmental defects caused by prenatal immune activation in a specific pregnancy time window.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Corradini
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Humanitas, Rozzano, Italy; Institute of Neuroscience - National Research Council, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Focchi
- Institute of Neuroscience - National Research Council, Milan, Italy; Department of Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Rasile
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Humanitas, Rozzano, Italy; Hunimed University, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Raffaella Morini
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Humanitas, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Genni Desiato
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Humanitas, Rozzano, Italy; University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Romana Tomasoni
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Humanitas, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Michela Lizier
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Humanitas, Rozzano, Italy; Institute for Genetic and Biomedical Research - National Research Council, Milan, Italy
| | - Elsa Ghirardini
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Humanitas, Rozzano, Italy; Department of Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Riccardo Fesce
- Hunimed University, Rozzano, Italy; Neuroscience Center, Dipartimento di Scienze Teoriche e Applicate, Insubria University, Busto Arsizio, Italy
| | - Diego Morone
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Humanitas, Rozzano, Italy
| | | | - Flavia Antonucci
- Department of Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Pozzi
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Humanitas, Rozzano, Italy; Hunimed University, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Michela Matteoli
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Humanitas, Rozzano, Italy; Institute of Neuroscience - National Research Council, Milan, Italy.
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Pizzamiglio L, Focchi E, Murru L, Tamborini M, Passafaro M, Menna E, Matteoli M, Antonucci F. New Role of ATM in Controlling GABAergic Tone During Development. Cereb Cortex 2016; 26:3879-88. [PMID: 27166172 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhw125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The capacity to guarantee the proper excitatory/inhibitory balance is one of the most critical steps during early development responsible for the correct brain organization, function, and plasticity. GABAergic neurons guide this process leading to the right structural organization, brain circuitry, and neuronal firing. Here, we identified the ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM), a serine/threonine protein kinase linked to DNA damage response, as crucial in regulating neurotransmission. We found that reduced levels of ATM in the hippocampal neuronal cultures produce an excitatory/inhibitory unbalance toward inhibition as indicated by the higher frequency of miniature inhibitory postsynaptic current events and an increased number of GABAergic synapses. In vivo, the increased inhibition still persists and, even if a higher excitation is also present, a reduced neuronal excitability is found as indicated by the lower action potential frequency generated in response to high-current intensity stimuli. Finally, we found an elevated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) phosphorylation in heterozygous hippocampi associated with lower expression levels of the ERK1/2 phosphatase PP1. Given that the neurodegenerative condition associated with genetic mutations in the Atm gene, ataxia telangiectasia, presents a variable phenotype with impairment in cognition, our molecular findings provide a logical frame for a more clear comprehension of cognitive defects in the pathology, opening to novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Pizzamiglio
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Lazzaro Spallanzani, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy Department of Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, 20129 Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Focchi
- Department of Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, 20129 Milan, Italy Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS Rozzano, Rozzano (Milan), Italy
| | - Luca Murru
- Institute of Neuroscience, C.N.R., 20129 Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Tamborini
- Department of Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, 20129 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Elisabetta Menna
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS Rozzano, Rozzano (Milan), Italy Institute of Neuroscience, C.N.R., 20129 Milan, Italy
| | - Michela Matteoli
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS Rozzano, Rozzano (Milan), Italy Institute of Neuroscience, C.N.R., 20129 Milan, Italy
| | - Flavia Antonucci
- Department of Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, 20129 Milan, Italy Institute of Neuroscience, C.N.R., 20129 Milan, Italy
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